Статті в журналах: "Discrimination against people with visual disabilities"

1

Milivojević, Tatjana, Ljiljana Manić, and Nataša Simeunović Bajić. "Double discrimination of elderly women in the media." Northern Lights: Film & Media Studies Yearbook 19, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nl_00026_1.

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The topic of this article is the phenomenon of double, namely cross or additive discrimination against senior women in the media sphere. Many studies and articles are devoted to ageism, discrimination against the elderly and gender inequality as discrimination against women. Rarely and hardly ever in Serbia, research is focused on the topic of gender differences that determine the quality of life in old age. While some believe that gender inequality and stereotypes end with age, which is in itself a basis for discrimination, and that gender differences are equalized, others believe that gender differences are particularly pronounced in old age, especially when considering marginalized elderly populations such as elderly people belonging to the Roma nationality, people with disabilities, LGBT people and HIV-positive people. This article is a comprehensive literature review article. The authors applied theoretical and interpretative methods of research, discursive and critical thematic analysis. The interpretative method is based on the meanings and representation of different aspects of the issue. The main finding of this article is the existence and prevalence of a gap and contradiction between the reality of longer and better quality of life and outdated media representation of old age, especially of elderly women.

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Sarker, Debashis. "Discrimination against people with disabilities in accessing microfinance." Alter 14, no. 4 (November 2020): 318–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alter.2020.06.005.

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Grudzinskas, Albert J. "Unequal Rights: Discrimination Against People With Mental Disabilities and the Americans With Disabilities Act Hollow Promises: Employment Discrimination Against People With Mental Disabilities." Psychiatric Services 54, no. 4 (April 2003): 577–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.54.4.577.

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4

DeLeire, Thomas. "Changes in Wage Discrimination against People with Disabilities: 1984-93." Journal of Human Resources 36, no. 1 (2001): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3069673.

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Mattila, Mikko, and Achillefs Papageorgiou. "Disability, perceived discrimination and political participation." International Political Science Review 38, no. 5 (June 22, 2016): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512116655813.

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Disability affects the lives of hundreds of millions across the world. People with disabilities often experience discrimination and unequal treatment. Sometimes the mere categorization of people into groups, that is, ‘healthy’ vs. ‘disabled’, is enough to trigger discriminatory behaviour against people with disabilities. Previous studies show that in general disabilities depress political participation. However, the effect of disability-based discrimination on participation has received little scholarly attention. We study how perceptions of discrimination affect three forms of political participation: voting; contacting politicians; and participating in demonstrations. Results show that disability decreases voting, especially when associated with perceptions of discrimination. The analysis points in the opposite direction when the other two forms of political participation are analysed. People with disabilities are more likely to partake in demonstrations and contact politicians than non-disabled. Thus, disability-based discrimination is not always a hindrance to participation. It sometimes further motivates people with disabilities to participate.

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Dueker, Alice K. "Unequal Rights: Discrimination against People with Mental Disabilities and the Americans with Disabilities Act." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 27, no. 3 (June 2002): 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-27-3-519.

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Muller, Carly, Canon Brodar, Kaitlyn E. Brodar, Kenneth Goodman, and Jeffrey P. Brosco. "Medical Student Choices Regarding Ventilator Allocation for People With Disabilities." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 59, no. 6 (November 23, 2021): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-59.6.441.

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Abstract In the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns exist that ventilator triage policies may lead to discrimination against people with disabilities. This study evaluates whether preclinical medical students demonstrate bias towards people with disabilities during an educational ventilator-allocation exercise. Written student responses to a triage simulation activity were analyzed to describe ventilator priority rankings and to identify themes regarding disability. Disability status was not cited as a reason to withhold a ventilator. Key themes observed in ventilator triage decisions included life expectancy, comorbidities, and social worth. Although disability discrimination has historically been perpetuated by health care professionals, it is encouraging that preclinical medical students did not demonstrate explicit bias against people with disabilities in ventilator triage scenarios.

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John, Tyler M., Joseph Millum, and David Wasserman. "HOW TO ALLOCATE SCARCE HEALTH RESOURCES WITHOUT DISCRIMINATING AGAINST PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES." Economics and Philosophy 33, no. 2 (November 23, 2016): 161–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267116000237.

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Abstract:One widely used method for allocating health care resources involves the use of cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) to rank treatments in terms of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. CEA has been criticized for discriminating against people with disabilities by valuing their lives less than those of non-disabled people. Avoiding discrimination seems to lead to the 'QALY trap': we cannot value saving lives equally and still value raising quality of life. This paper reviews existing responses to the QALY trap and argues that all are problematic. Instead, we argue that adopting a moderate form of prioritarianism avoids the QALY trap and disability discrimination.

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Molero, Fernando, Patricia Recio, Cristina García-Ael, and Daniel Pérez-Garín. "Consequences of perceived personal and group discrimination against people with physical disabilities." Rehabilitation Psychology 64, no. 2 (May 2019): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/rep0000277.

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Panocchia, Nicola, Viola D'ambrosio, Serafino Corti, Eluisa Lo Presti, Marco Bertelli, Maria Luisa Scattoni, and Filippo Ghelma. "COVID-19 pandemic, the scarcity of medical resources, community-centred medicine and discrimination against persons with disabilities." Journal of Medical Ethics 47, no. 6 (April 7, 2021): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2020-107198.

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This research aims to examine access to medical treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic for people living with disabilities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the practical and ethical problems of allocating limited medical resources such as intensive care unit beds and ventilators became critical. Although different countries have proposed different guidelines to manage this emergency, these proposed criteria do not sufficiently consider people living with disabilities. People living with disabilities are therefore at a higher risk of exclusion from medical treatments as physicians tend to assume they have poor quality of life, whereas access to medical treatment should be based on several parameters, including clinical data and prognosis. However, the COVID-19 pandemic shifts the medical paradigm from person-centred medicine to community-centred medicine, challenging the main ethical theories. We reviewed the main guidelines and recommendations for resources allocation and examined their position toward persons with disabilities. Based on our findings, we propose criteria for not discriminating against people with disabilities in allocating resources. The shift from person-centred to community-centred medicine offers opportunities but also risks sacrificing the most vulnerable people. The principle of reasonable accommodation must always be considered to guarantee the rights of persons with disabilities.

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Rumrill, Philip D., and Shawn M. Fitzgerald. "Employer Characteristics and Discharge-Related Discrimination Against People With Disabilities Under the Americans With Disabilities Act." Advances in Developing Human Resources 12, no. 4 (August 2010): 448–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1523422310379212.

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Mrsevic, Zorica. "On the strategy of prevention and protection against discrimination as the basic document of the state’s anti-discrimination policy." Temida 17, no. 2 (2014): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1402045m.

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The article presents legal and political aspects of the Strategy of prevention of and protection against discrimination. This is a binding commitment from the state given to its citizens in relation to reaching certain goals, principally towards eliminating discrimination in social life. The main aim of the presentation is to highlight factors which are necessary to ensure the Strategy is efficient in combating a culture of intolerance; in identifying what is necessary in practice to tackle discrimination, particularly discrimination against unpopular groups; so that a culture of intolerance among state agencies and organizations of civil society would be replaced by culture of mutual respect and equal opportunities. The article considers all categories that may be protected against discrimination, such as women, LGBT persons, people with disabilities, Roma people, elderly people, children, refugees, national minorities, internally displaced persons and people whose health condition might be the ground of discrimination.

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Tanjevic, Natasa, and Filip Miric. "Suppression of discrimination against people with disabilities in the field of labor and employment: Situation and prospects." Temida 16, no. 1 (2013): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1301133t.

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Discrimination based on disability is a complex phenomenon that is present in all spheres of social life, especially in the world of work. The reasons that led to this are numerous: living conditions, social and economic policies of different times, but also many social factors such as ignorance, carelessness, neglect, fear and prejudice. Therefore, various documents on the international and national levels are adopted which contain provisions prohibiting discrimination against persons with disabilities and that provide a legal framework for their employment. Accordingly, the Serbian national legislation is now significantly closer to the standards of the international community and the European Union in this field, which opened the way for more effective protection of persons with disabilities. However, one of the main problems is the application of the law in practice. The authors tried to, through the presentation of relevant documents of international and domestic law, point out their individual shortcomings while proposing certain amendments to the existing legal solutions for the purpose of finding effective ways to combat discrimination against persons with disabilities in the labor and employment area, which is the main aim of this paper.

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Ranika, Ketria. "DISKRIMINASI DALAM PEMBERIAN FORMULIR PENERBANGAN ORANG SAKIT YANG MENGANDUNG KLAUSULA BAKU BAGI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS." Jurnal Ilmu Hukum: ALETHEA 3, no. 1 (August 26, 2019): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24246/alethea.vol3.no1.p43-60.

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Fenomena pemberian formulir orang sakit yang diberikan oleh maskapai Lion Air terhadap penyandang disabilitas merupakan tindakan diskriminasi yang menarik untuk dicermati. Perlu diketahui asas non-diskriminasi memberikan perlindungan kepada setiap orang untuk bebas dari perlakuan diskriminatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kedudukan penyandang disabilitas dengan orang sakit, serta perlindungan hukum bagi penyandang disabilitas di bidang penerbangan dan diskriminasi dalam klausula formulir orang sakit yang diberikan pada penyandang disabilitas. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status antara penyandang disabilitas dan orang sakit merupakan hal yang berbeda dan tidak dapat diperlakukan secara sama. Penyamaan penyandang disabilitas dan orang sakit, melalui pemberian formulir orang sakit terhadap penyandang disabilitas, merupakan diskriminasi terhadap penyandang disabilitas karena orang sakit memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda dengan penyandang disabilitas, sehingga hal ini dapat menciderai hak dari penyandang disabilitas. The use of forms of sick people to persons with disabilities by Lion Air is an interesting act of discrimination to be observed. It should be known that the principle of non-discrimination gives protection for everyone to be free from discriminatory treatment. The purpose of this study is to analyse the position of persons with disabilities with sick people, as well as legal protection for persons with disabilities in the field of aviation and discrimination due to sick people's form that given to persons with disabilities. The type of research used is normative legal research. The results showed that status between people with disabilities and sick people was different. The equalization of persons with disabilities and sick people through the provision of forms of sick persons with disabilities constitutes discrimination against persons with disabilities, so it could violate the rights of persons with disabilities.

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Dali, Keren. "The lifeways we avoid." Journal of Documentation 74, no. 6 (October 8, 2018): 1258–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-04-2018-0057.

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Purpose In the context of increasing interdisciplinarity in academia and professional practice, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the contribution of information science (IS) to education and practice in social work (SW), specifically in the area of disabilities at the workplace. As a case in point, a work environment of academia and faculty members with disabilities and their managers are chosen. The paper also stands to improve interdisciplinary understanding between IS and SW. Design/methodology/approach Combining SW and IS perspectives and building off selective exposure, cognitive dissonance and uncertainty management theories, the paper looks at one of the root-causes of continuous workplace discrimination against and bullying of people with disabilities – information avoidance (IA). Findings The paper conceptualises discrimination and bullying as an inherently information problem, for which an SW solution could be proposed. Two types of information are noted to be avoided: information about disabilities and information about the effect of discrimination and bullying on employees with disabilities. The paper distinguishes between defensive and deliberate IA, each of which poses different challenges for social workers who are likely to intervene in the cases of bullying and discrimination in their capacity as workplace counsellors and advisors. Originality/value It is the first known paper that explores the intellectual and practice-based synergy between SW and IS in application to change-related interventions and preventative plans that counteract discrimination against people with disabilities at the workplace. It proposes creative solutions for intervention, including bibliotherapy. It also opens up a broader conversation on how critical the knowledge of IS is for social workers.

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Lock, Peter. "Ending Discrimination and Promoting Equal Opportunities for People with Visual impairment and Additional Disabilities." British Journal of Visual Impairment 16, no. 1 (January 1998): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026461969801600103.

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Nothdurft, John, and Hilary Astor. "Laughing in the Dark—Anti— Discrimination Law and Physical Disability in New South Wales." Journal of Industrial Relations 28, no. 3 (September 1986): 336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568602800302.

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Legislation in New South Wales proscribes discrimination, both direct and indirect, against people with disabilities. The coverage of the legislation is wide and includes dis crimination in all aspects of employment and the provision of education, accommo dation, goods and services, and in registered clubs. The procedures that must be followed by a person with a disability to establish that discrimination has taken place have, however, caused problems. This paper reviews the New South Wales legislation and its operation, particularly in relation to equal employment opportunity programmes and people with physical disabilities. It concludes with reconunendations for refining the law and the methods by which it is implemented.

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Pérez-Garín, Daniel, Patricia Recio, and Fernando Molero. "Consequences of Perceived Personal and Group Discrimination against People with Hearing and Visual Impairments." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 9064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179064.

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The main objective of this study was to examine the consequences of perceived discrimination in people with hearing and visual impairments. Using path analysis, we attempted to validate a multigroup model in which perceived personal discrimination is associated with internalization of stigma, which, in turn, is negatively related to self-esteem; conversely, perceived discrimination against the in-group contributes to enhanced group identification, which promotes the intention to engage in collective action, which, in turn, has beneficial effects on self-esteem. The sample consisted of a total of 200 Spanish-speaking participants, of whom 104 had hearing impairments and 96 had visual impairments. The results showed that the proposed multigroup model fit the data well. For both groups, internalized stigma played a mediating role in the relationship between perceived personal discrimination and self-esteem. However, the pathway from group discrimination to self-esteem was not as clearly supported by the data. The results are interpreted from a psychosocial perspective and may contribute to design interventions aimed at improving the well-being of people with hearing and visual impairments.

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REY PÉREZ, JOSÉ LUIS. "BASIC INCOME AND THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES." Age of Human Rights Journal, no. 12 (June 13, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/tahrj.n12.1.

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The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities presents a social approach to disabilities. In accordance with this conception, the origin of the discrimination suffered by persons with disabilities is mainly social because we have designed our society without universal access for everybody. There is a normality criterion, based on physical capabilities, intelligence, race and gender that excludes many people from that canon. The different contemporary liberal theories of justice have discussed disabilities thinking about how the State could compensate brute luck. In this context, does universal basic income play some role? Van Parijs in Real Freedom for All defends a unanimous criterion to compensate for brute luck. That compensation would be made before distributing an equal basic income among everybody. In this paper, UBI will be studied in the context of the debate about rights of persons with disabilities. Firstly, the argument given by Van Parijs will be discussed because the unanimous requirement does not fit with a social understanding of disabilities. Secondly, if we consider a right to UBI, it is necessary to study which role this right can play in the life of people with disabilities and if we can say that this right has a universal design. In this point, it will be studied whether UBI can establish some type of indirect discrimination against people with disabilities and if so, which type of reasonable accommodation would be necessary to eliminate that discrimination.

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Marson, Stephen M. "Book Section: Essay and Review: Hollow Promises: Employment Discrimination against People with Mental Disabilities." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 32, no. 1 (March 2004): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318530403200109.

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Friedman, Carli, and Mary C. Rizzolo. "Fair-Wages for People With Disabilities: Barriers and Facilitators." Journal of Disability Policy Studies 31, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1044207320919492.

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Subminimum wage is a prominent and problematic issue affecting the lives of many people with disabilities. For this reason, the aim of this study was to identify the correlates of fair-wages (at least minimum wage) for people with disabilities—which factors facilitate and hinder people with disabilities’ access to fair-wages. We utilized Personal Outcome Measures® interview data from approximately 1,500 people with disabilities to examine how individual, employment, and organizational-level factors correlate with people with disabilities’ access to fair-wages. Binary logistic regression models revealed at the individual-level support needs, guardianship, and residence type all significantly correlate with people with disabilities’ odds of receiving fair-wages. In addition, the ability to experience a number of employment options, as well as decide where to work, produce higher odds of having fair-wages. Finally, our findings also revealed the key role service organizations can play in facilitating people with disabilities’ access to fair-wages. Attention to the facilitators that promote access to fair-wages for people with disabilities, and the barriers that hinder this access is one of the first steps toward ending this discrimination against people with disabilities.

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김진우. "Critical Review on 「Korean Anti-Discrimination Against Disabled People Act」 in Respect of People with Intellectual Disabilities." Social Welfare Policy ll, no. 35 (December 2008): 169–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15855/swp.2008..35.169.

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Alfaris, Muhammad Ramadhana. "PAYUNG HUKUM PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DALAM KONTEKS DUKUNGAN DAN AKSESIBILITAS TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN SOSIAL BERKELANJUTAN." Widya Yuridika 1, no. 2 (December 13, 2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.31328/wy.v1i2.748.

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Disability is a condition experienced by a person with various kinds of physical limitations. The thing of unfair is a sensitive part for people with disabilities, starting from discrimination, less of support, community stigma, and many inadequate access for people with disabilities. Therefore, the identification of problems in this study discusses the legal umbrella for persons with disabilities as well as support and accessibility to sustainable social development. This study uses descriptive analytical methods to explain the existing situation by using a normative juridical approach to identify and examine the law. The result is there are still many discriminatory attitudes towards persons with disabilities, such as from education access that is not yet the totality of persons with disabilities, then economic access for people with disabilities is less considered, then in health access that is still not fulfilled, especially health against physical disabilities, and less education of political access access for people with disabilities.Kata Kunci: payung hukum disabilitas, dukungan, aksesibilitas, pembangunan sosial.

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May, Deborah C., Kenneth E. Dobush, Eliza K. Endres, Dale A. Getto, Scott K. Paterson, Dianne S. Zipkin, and Deborah K. Kundert. "Housing Discrimination: Apartment Rentals to People Who are Blind or Mentally Retarded." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 23, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.23.2.26.

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A telephone survey examined the attitudes of landlords towards renting apartments to a person with a disability. Callers contacted 50 landlords about renting an apartment to a person with mental retardation and 50 landlords about renting to a person who was blind. Twenty-four percent would not rent to a person who was mentally retarded, and 16% would not rent to a person who was blind. While the proportion of landlords discriminating against potential tenants who were mentally retarded was not significantly different than those discriminating against potential tenants who were blind, it appears that there is a need for continued education to permit acceptance of full integration of people with disabilities into the community.

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Marson, Stephen M. "Book Section: Essay and Review: Unequal Rights: Discrimination against People with Mental Disabilities and the Americans with Disabilities Act." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 32, no. 1 (March 2004): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318530403200108.

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Masłowiecka, Agnieszka, and Małgorzata Dmochowska. "Other areas of discrimination. do you speak of discrimination against people with disabilities in space policy based on Polish?" Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne 22 (2013): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/pss.2013.22.14.

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Zielińska, Sylwia. "Other areas of discrimination. do you speak of discrimination against people with disabilities in space policy based on Polish?" Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne 22 (2013): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/pss.2013.22.15.

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Connell, Blake. "Some Parents Are More Equal than Others: Discrimination against People with Disabilities under Adoption Law." Laws 6, no. 3 (August 23, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws6030015.

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Majinge, Rebecca Mgunda, and Stephen Mudogo Mutula. "Access to electronic and print information resources by people with visual impairments in university libraries." Library Management 39, no. 6-7 (August 13, 2018): 462–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-04-2017-0038.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the implication of copyright on access to electronic and print information resources by people with visual impairments in university libraries. The paper examines the extent to which electronic and print information resources in university libraries are accessible to people with visual impairments; the extent to which existing national/international copyright laws facilitate or hamper access to electronic and print information resources by people with visual impairments; examine challenges facing people with visual impairments in accessing electronic and print information resources; and how these challenges can be ameliorated. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on review of empirical and theoretical literature and is underpinned by Oliver’s (1990) social model of disability. Findings The findings reveal that many university libraries the world over lack the capacity to offer an effective information service to people with visual impairments. Furthermore, the stringent copyright laws and licensing regimes for purchasing or transcribing content from one format to another make provision of information services to people with visual impairments difficult. In-university libraries are faced with various challenges in accessing electronic and print information that include among others copyright and licensing restrictions, and system design issues. Assistive technologies (ATs), enabling policies, skilled staff and facilitative copyright regimes can help ameliorate some of these barriers. Practical implications ATs, enabling policies, skilled staff and facilitative copyright regimes are key to unlocking the barriers that hinder people with visual impairments from effectively accessing print and electronic resources in university libraries. Protection of the basic rights of persons with disabilities including visual impairments, the elimination of social discrimination and bridging the accessibility gap are integral to social inclusion. This paper provides the basic information to university libraries for addressing challenges associated with access to electronic and print resources by people with visual impairments. Social implications Access to information to all including people with visual impairments in society is a basic human and moral right that every human being must enjoy. The Sustainable Development Goals’ 2030 agenda for sustainable development envisages a world of universal respect for human rights and human dignity […] equality and non-discrimination, an equitable, tolerant, open and socially inclusive world in which the needs of the most vulnerable are met (United Nations, 2015), and inclusive rights such as education, access to services (including information) and employment for people with disabilities. Originality/value This paper builds on existing literature and contributes to the growing body of knowledge on access by people with disabilities predicating on World Summit on Information Society principle and agenda 2030 on sustainable development goals.

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Amrina, Fadillah. "Loneliness and Depression among Adults with Visual Impairment." Sriwijaya Journal of Ophthalmology 6, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjo.v6i1.81.

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Loneliness has been termed a social epidemic, especially by people with disabilities; one of them is visual impairment. To our knowledge, no study has obtained specific estimates of depression for young and middle-aged adults with visual impairment (VI). These difficulties may be compounded by discrimination. Observational data revealed that those with sight loss were twice as likely as those with another impairment to have experienced discrimination. There is evidence that individuals with visual impairment have poorer mental health than their impairment-free counterparts. In health care settings, an association between visual impairment and depression has been consistently reported. Greater prevalence of depressive symptoms in those with visual impairment has also been reported. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with loneliness and depression in adults with visual impairment and examine its association with life satisfaction.

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Bradea, Adela, and Valentin Cosmin Blandul. "New Modalities to Increase the Accessibility of Students with Visually Impaired to Education Using ICT." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 7 (November 6, 2017): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i3.2635.

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Educational, vocational, and social inclusion is one of the fundamental principles that ensure people with disabilities a chance to have as a normal life as possible. In turn, accessibility is one of the most important components of inclusion and could be defined as the right of people with disabilities to benefit of the same products and services as all other community members. According to government data from 2015, in Romania 752 931 were people with disabilities, 60 289 were children and 13.9% had various forms of visual impairment. For these people, any limitation in accessibility means isolation and discrimination. On the other hand, education and new technologies can increase the accessibility of people with visual impairment to quality products and services in society. Therefore, the purpose of this research was the identification of attitude and training level of teachers in the educational process accessibility for students with visual impairment using ICT. The sample consisted of 210 professors who teach in pre-academic learning system in Bihor, Romania and research tool - a questionnaire composed of 76 multiple choice items – it was administered online by the end of 2016. The results of the research show that, even if they want to support inclusion of people with visual impairment using ICT in teaching/learning, most teachers do not have professional skills in that field and do not know how to use educational software or to adapt a scholar curriculum for this category of students. Keywords: accessibility; educational inclusion; new Technology;

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Hatch, Margaret “Jenny”, Samantha Alexandra Crane, and Jonathan G. Martinis. "Unjustified Isolation Is Discrimination: The Olmstead Case Against Overbroad and Undue Organizational and Public Guardianship." Inclusion 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-3.2.65.

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Abstract Over the past 3 decades, research has found that overbroad and undue guardianship—guardianship imposed on people who can use less restrictive alternatives to guardianship in order to make their own decisions, with or without support—can lead to negative life outcomes and deny basic rights and opportunities. This article presents the case of Margaret “Jenny” Hatch, a woman with Down syndrome who, even though she had successfully lived and worked in the community and wished to continue to do so, was placed under plenary, organizational guardianship and forced to live in a segregated group home and work in a sheltered workshop. After recounting Ms. Hatch's case, this article reviews the harm that can result from overbroad and undue guardianship and argues that Ms. Hatch's guardianship violated her rights under Title II of the Americans With Disabilities Act. Finally, the article makes recommendations for future “Olmstead” advocacy focused on ensuring access to integrated, community-based living and employment for people with disabilities under organizational or public guardianship.

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Татаренко, О. И. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC INTEGRA TION, REHABILITATION AND EMPLOYMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES WITH HIGHER EDUCATION." Vestnik of Russian New University. Series "Man and society", no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/rnu.v9276.22.01.p.058.

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Рассмотрена проблема социальной поддержки людей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья и их интеграции в общество. Показано, что многие люди, имеющие ограниченные возможности, при попытке влиться в традиционный формат жизни сталкиваются со множеством проблем. Важно сформировать общество, в котором не будет дискриминации данной категории людей на трудовом пространстве. The problem of social support for people with disabilities and their integration into society is considered. It is shown that many people with disabilities, when trying to integrate into the traditional format of life, face many problems. It is important to form a society in which there will be no discrimination against this category of people in the workplace.

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Ameri, Mason, Lisa Schur, Meera Adya, F. Scott Bentley, Patrick McKay, and Douglas Kruse. "The Disability Employment Puzzle: A Field Experiment on Employer Hiring Behavior." ILR Review 71, no. 2 (June 23, 2017): 329–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019793917717474.

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The authors investigate potential discrimination against people with disabilities through a field experiment that sent job applications to 6,016 accounting positions for which the applicants’ disabilities are unlikely to affect productivity. One-third of the cover letters disclosed that the applicant had a spinal cord injury, one-third disclosed the presence of Asperger’s syndrome, and one-third did not mention disability. The disability applications received 26% fewer expressions of employer interest. This gap was concentrated among experienced applicants and small private companies that are not covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Tests suggest possible positive effects of the ADA, but not of state laws, in reducing the disability gap. Results indicate there may be substantial room for employer and policy initiatives to improve employment opportunities for people with disabilities.

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Bruyère, Susanne M., Sarah von Schrader, Wendy Coduti, and Melissa Bjelland. "United States Employment Disability Discrimination Charges: Implications for Disability Management Practice." International Journal of Disability Management 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jdmr.5.2.48.

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AbstractIt is 20 years since the passage of the Americans With Disabilities Act, yet employment and economic inequities continue for people with disabilities. The purpose of this article is to inform and encourage disability management leading practices to contribute toward reducing these disparities. The approach is an examination of where in the employment process applicants and incumbent employees perceive employment disability discrimination, leading to the filing of charges against an employer. Employment disability discrimination claims filed by individuals over 15 years (1993–2007) with the United States (US) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission or state and local Fair Employment Practice Agencies are studied. The authors analyse employment discrimination charges by year, basis (i.e., protected class characteristics, such as disability, age, or race), issue (i.e., actions of the employer, such as discharge, hiring, or harassment), employer characteristics (i.e, size of business and industry sector), and joint filings under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act (gender, race/ethnicity, and religious discrimination) and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). Special attention is paid to where in the employment process people with specific impairments are perceiving discrimination. Implications of these research findings for the practice and administration of disability management and employer policies are discussed.

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Bradea, Adela, and Valentin Cosmin Blandul. "New Modalities to Increase the Accessibility of Students with Visually Impaired to Education Using ICT." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 7 (August 5, 2017): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i7.2635.

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Educational, vocational, and social inclusion is one of the fundamental principles that ensure people with disabilities a chance to have as a normal life as possible. In turn, accessibility is one of the most important components of inclusion and could be defined as the right of people with disabilities to benefit of the same products and services as all other community members. According to government data from 2015, in Romania 752 931 were people with disabilities, 60 289 were children and 13.9% had various forms of visual impairment. For these people, any limitation in accessibility means isolation and discrimination. On the other hand, education and new technologies can increase the accessibility of people with visual impairment to quality products and services in society. Therefore, the purpose of this research was the identification of attitude and training level of teachers in the educational process accessibility for students with visual impairment using ICT. The sample consisted of 210 professors who teach in pre-academic learning system in Bihor, Romania and research tool - a questionnaire composed of 76 multiple choice items â€“ it was administered online by the end of 2016. The results of the research show that, even if they want to support inclusion of people with visual impairment using ICT in teaching/learning, most teachers do not have professional skills in that field and do not know how to use educational software or to adapt a scholar curriculum for this category of students. Keywords: accessibility; educational inclusion; new Technology;

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Longmore, Paul K. "Medical Decision Making and People with Disabilities: A Clash of Cultures." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 23, no. 1 (1995): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1995.tb01335.x.

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In discussions of medical decision making as it applies to people with disabilities, a major obstacle stands in the way: the perceptions and values of disabled people (particularly disability rights advocates and disabled social scientists) and of many nondisabled people (particularly health care professionals, ethicists, and health policy analysts), regarding virtually the whole range of current health and medical-ethical issues (treatment decision making, health care access and health care rationing, medical costcontainment, and assisted suicide), seem frequently to conflict with one another. This divergence in part grows out of the sense, common among people with disabilities, that their interactions with “the helping professions,” medical and social service professionals, are adversarial. But those differences of opinion also stem more basically from a clash of fundamental values.This paper addresses, in historical perspective, the ways in which the status of persons with disabilities as a stigmatized minority group affects medical decision making. It also examines the efforts of disability rights activists to prevent discrimination against persons with disabilities in current medical culture. Finally, it raises questions about how the rights of people with disabilities will fare as new care standards are developed and implemented.

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Susanto, Isni Wahidiyah. "Peran Yayasan CIQAL (Center for Improving Qualified Activity in Life of People with Disabilities) sebagai Policy Entrepreneur dalam Menyusun Agenda Kebijakan Penyandang Disabilitas di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta." JURNAL SOSIAL Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial 23, no. 2 (November 17, 2022): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/sos.v23i2.121.

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The existence of persons with disabilities in society is one of the important things to be considered by the state, or in this case the government, because persons with disabilities are part of the community who also have the same position, rights, obligations and roles. According to Law Number 8 of 2016 Article 1 paragraph 1, people with disabilities are defined as any person with physical, intellectual, mental, and/or sensory limitations in the long term who in interacting with the environment can experience obstacles. and difficulties to participate fully and effectively with other citizens on the basis of equal rights. However, the need for special treatment given to persons with disabilities is usually misunderstood by the general public which ultimately leads to acts of discrimination against groups of people with disabilities. Seeing the inequality in policies regarding people with disabilities in DI Yogyakarta, the CIQAL Foundation (Center for Improving Qualified Activity in Life of People with Disabilities) pays attention to fighting for the rights of people with disabilities by encouraging changes to laws and regulations in DI Yogyakarta. This research is a qualitative research with a literature study that uses books and other literatures as the main object (Hadi, 1995). The results of this study were two programs provided by the CIQAL Foundation for persons with disabilities in DI Yogyakarta, namely advocacy and empowerment programs.

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Pereira, Ramon, Renata Osborne, Soraia Cabral, and Carlos da Silva. "The Contribution of Sport as a Means of Inclusion in Discussions of Sustainable Development for Visually Disabled People." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 53, no. 1 (December 1, 2011): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10141-011-0018-4.

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The Contribution of Sport as a Means of Inclusion in Discussions of Sustainable Development for Visually Disabled PeopleThis study investigated how high-performance sport improved the quality of life and facilitated the inclusion of blind athletes in discussions about sustainable development at the Benjamin Constant Institute. It was also revealed that the blind still face discrimination, and that society associates the blind's visual disabilities with their other characteristics.

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DAVIES, BEN. "Bursting Bubbles? QALYs and Discrimination." Utilitas 31, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820818000249.

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The use of Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) in healthcare allocation has been criticized as discriminatory against people with disabilities. This article considers a response to this criticism from Nick Beckstead and Toby Ord. They say that even if QALYs are discriminatory, attempting to avoid discrimination – when coupled with other central principles that an allocation system should favour – sometimes leads to irrationality in the form of cyclic preferences. I suggest that while Beckstead and Ord have identified a problem, it is a misdiagnosis to lay it at the feet of an anti-discrimination principle. The problem in fact comes from a basic tension between respecting reasonable patient preferences and other ways of ranking treatment options. As such, adopting a QALY system does not solve the problem they identify.

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Whitehurst, David G. T., and Lidia Engel. "Disability discrimination and misdirected criticism of the quality-adjusted life year framework." Journal of Medical Ethics 44, no. 11 (March 3, 2018): 793–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2016-104066.

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Whose values should count – those of patients or the general public – when adopting the quality-adjusted life year (QALY) framework for healthcare decision making is a long-standing debate. Specific disciplines, such as economics, are not wedded to a particular side of the debate, and arguments for and against the use of patient values have been discussed at length in the literature. In 2012, Sinclair proposed an approach, grounded within patient preference theory, which sought to avoid a perceived unfair discrimination against people with disabilities when using values from the general public. Key assumptions about general public values that beget this line of thinking were that ‘disabled states always tally with lower quality of life’, and the use of standardised instruments means that ‘you are forced into a fixed view of disability as a lower value state’ (Sinclair, 2012). Drawing on recent contributions to the health economics literature, we contend that such assumptions are not inherent to the incorporation of general public values for the estimation of QALYs. In practice, whether health states of people with disabilities are of ‘lower value’ is, to some extent, a reflection of the health state descriptions that members of the public are asked to value.

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THURLOW, MARTHA L., JAMES E. YSSELDYKE, and BETH SILVERSTEIN. "Testing Accommodations for Students with Disabilities." Remedial and Special Education 16, no. 5 (September 1995): 260–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074193259501600502.

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With a national reform agenda that includes all american students and federal legislation barring job discrimination against individuals with disabilities, concerns have mounted about how to accurately assess persons with disabilities. including these individuals in the assessment process often requires the modification of tests and testing procedures. along with these modifications come many complicated issues. this article reviews the literature pertaining to testing accommodations for people with disabilities. we address policy and legal considerations, existing standards, research on current practice, and research on technical concerns. we examine the relatively limited set of empirical studies on accommodations and assessments (many of which were conducted by test publishers) and recommend a significant program of research on testing accommodations for students with disabilities.

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Priscila, Ni Luh Made Mahendrawati, and I Ketut Sukadana. "Perlindungan Hukum bagi Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Angkutan Udara." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 2, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.2.1.3063.161-165.

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Transportation is currently divided into three types, namely land transportation, sea transportation and air transportation. Nowadays, many people prefer to use air transportation since air transportation can travel long distances in a relatively shorter time. However, it is not infrequently for airlines to cause losses to consumers, especially to people with disabilities. Where as fact people with disabilities should get special treatment. Therefore, these problems can be examined as follows: 1) how is the legal protection for people with disabilities in the positive law in Indonesia? 2) What is the regulation of the rights of consumers with disabilities as airplane passengers? This presentation used normative research methods to find whether there are legal rules according to legal norms or not, whether there are norms in the form of orders or prohibitions in accordance with legal principles or not and whether one’s actions are in accordance with legal norms or not by using a legal and conceptual approach. This research required a source of secondary legal material as the main legal material. People with disabilities have the right to receive special services and facilities while at an airport or aircraft. The government has made legislation as a form of legal protection for people with disabilities. Nevertheless, the government must be more assertive in order to avoid discrimination against people with disabilities. Furthermore, it is not only the government that must provide legal protection for people with disabilities but also the community. The community must change the mindset about people with disabilities who are considered unable to do anything, and they must help people with disabilities to get equal treatment before the law.

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Francis, Leslie. "Supported Decision-making: The CRPD, Non-Discrimination, and Strategies for Recognizing Persons’ Choices About their Good." Journal of Philosophy of Disability 1 (2021): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jpd20211198.

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People with cognitive impairments often have difficulties formulating, understanding, or articulating decisions that others judge reasonable. The frequent response shifts decision-making authority to substitutes through advance directives of the person or guardianship orders from a court. The Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities defends supported decision-making as an alternative to such forms of supplanted decision-making. But supported decision-making raises both metaphysical questions—what is required for a decision to be the person’s own?—and epistemological questions: how do we know what persons judge to be their good, when they have difficulty conceptualizing and articulating? It raises practical questions, too, such as protection against risks of exploitation. This article uses a non-discrimination account of legal personhood drawn from the CRPD to explore how common features of decisions employed by people without cognitive disabilities are important in supported decision-making too. These features include prostheses, guardrails, relationships, and social contexts.

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Corman, Sorina, Raluca Sassu, Mihaela Bucuţă, Silviu Morar, and Alina Ungureanu. "Discrimination of Various Vulnerable Groups - Perception Among the Students of the Faculty of Engineering (“Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu)." Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2015): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cplbu-2015-0022.

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AbstractThe purpose of this article is to highlight students’ perception of the Faculty of Engineering concerning discrimination, particularly discrimination against certain vulnerable groups. This issue is part of a broader research that aims to assess the attitude of students towards discrimination.The method used in the study is questionnaire-based survey. The questionnaire includes scales and subscales for measuring the attitudes of subjects, their emotions, cognitions and behaviors in relation to discrimination in general, and specifically in relation to certain vulnerable groups such as the Roma population, people with HIV/AIDS, people with a different sexual orientation or people with disabilities and mental illness.The main results of our research have demonstrated that the students from engineering believe that there is discrimination within society, including at the level of educational institutions; the most discriminated category is Roma population.These results reflect the importance of training engineering students in the field of ethics and non-discrimination. We conclude that there is a need of such courses in the context of promoting inclusive societies and of the rebirth of business ethics education at an international level.

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Rizky, Rama Yanuar, and Ahmad Mahyani. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS KEKERASAN SEKSUAL BAGI KAUM PENYANDANG DISABILITAS TUNA NETRA." Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance 2, no. 3 (December 7, 2022): 745–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53363/bureau.v2i3.60.

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So far, people with disabilities have experienced various kinds of discrimination, especially women. Women with disabilities are very vulnerable to being victims of violence, including sexual violence. Various reports in the media show that there are many women with disabilities. Over time, we are often surprised by the emergence of several cases involving persons with disabilities. One of the cases experienced by persons with disabilities is being a victim of rape. The situation of disabled people who are victims of sexual violence is worrying, not only because they are a vulnerable group, but also because many do not receive legal protection. From 2015 to 2016, there were 74 cases of sexual violence in Yogyakarta, of which 3 were handled through legal channels and other cases were medical, psychological and even medical, psychological and even the same way, the Advocacy Center for Women and Children with Disabilities (Advocacy Center for Women and Children with Disabilities). Persons with Disabilities). SAPDA) DIY published a study in 2016 which found that 84.5% of violence against women with disabilities did not have legal protection. Since the enactment of Law No. 8 of 2016 concerning Disabilities which was ratified by President Joko Widodo on April 15, 2016, there is no longer any mention of the term "disability" for people with physical limitations. The Disability Policy is the commitment of the Indonesian government to regulate the protection and fulfillment of the rights of people with disabilities in Indonesia

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Stambekova, A., M. Shmidt, and G. Yerzhanova. "BARRIERS TO ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION FOR PERSONS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS." BULLETIN Series of Pedagogical Sciences 70, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-2.1728-5496.09.

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The article is devoted to the problem of equal access of persons with disabilities to higher education. The problem of eliminating discrimination against the rights of persons with disabilities is relevant for the whole world, including for the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to identify barriers to admission to higher education institutions for applicants with disabilities, as well as to identify possible ways to overcome and eliminate them. The methods of mixed research were used: qualitative and quantitative. The study involved 120 students of grades 10-11 of schools in the Almaty region with disabilities. The results of the survey revealed barriers to university admission. A model for overcoming barriers to university admission for people with disabilities is proposed, which will increase the level of accessibility of higher education.

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Garbat, Marcin. "POLICY OF SUPPORTING EMPLOYMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN SELECTED COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD." Polityka Społeczna 571, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5428.

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The right of people with disabilities to participate in economic life is, inter alia, the right to employment and participation in labor relations. The policy of supporting the employment of people with disabilities refers to actions oriented at the labor market and strengthening the employment opportunities of this social category. Such a policy is aimed at the parallel use of several or even a dozen or so activation instruments. Legal instruments supporting employers of people with disabilities in 10 countries, including 8 from the EU, such as: Belgium (Brussels and the capital region), China, the Czech Republic, France, Japan, Spain, Germany (Brandenburg), Luxembourg, Slovakia and Italy were analyzed. The analysis is also enriched by the description of instruments used in other countries of the world, if they were worthy of attention. Particular emphasis was placed on showing systemic solutions that sometimes allow employment support to be different than in Poland. The analysis describes the most interesting and best functioning national systems which, in their policies, implement the principle of equal opportunities and fight against discrimination, and enable employment of a person with disabilities

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Temple, Jeromey B., Margaret Kelaher, and Ruth Williams. "Disability discrimination and avoidance in later life: prevalence, disability differentials and association with mental health." International Psychogeriatrics 31, no. 9 (December 7, 2018): 1319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610218001722.

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ABSTRACTBackground:Later life is a period of increased risk of disability, but there is little quantitative evidence regarding the exclusion of older people (through discrimination and avoidance) due to their health conditions. This study aims to (1) measure the prevalence of disability exclusion in later life, (2) examine how experiences of exclusion differ by disability type, and (3) investigate the association of exposure to exclusion with psychological distress.Methods:Using data from the 2015 ABS Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers, we calculated the prevalence of people aged 55 years and over with a disability experiencing discrimination and engaging in avoidance behaviors, disaggregated by 18 detailed disability types. Modified Log-Poisson models were fitted to estimate Prevalence Ratios to measure the association between exclusion and psychological distress, stratified by disability type.Results:In 2015, about 5% of Australians aged 55 years and over with a disability reported experiencing an instance of disability discrimination, and one in four reported avoiding a situation or context due to their disability. Accounting for psychosocial comorbidities and with extensive demographic controls, exposure to disability avoidance (PR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.7, 2.1) or discrimination (PR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.4, 2.1) almost doubled the probability of experiencing psychological distress. Effects were heightened for individuals reporting specific disabilities including sensory and speech and physical disabilities as well as those reporting a head injury, stroke, or acquired brain injury.Conclusions:Despite protections against disability discrimination in legislation, discrimination and avoidance due to disability is prevalent and is associated with poor mental health outcomes.

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김명수. "Research on a Enactment Background and the Improvement of Prohibition of Discrimination against People with Disabilities Act." Journal of hongik law review 20, no. 1 (February 2019): 283–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.16960/jhlr.20.1.201902.283.

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