Дисертації з теми "Diritto transnazionale"
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Nadalet, Sylvain. "Il diritto transnazionale del lavoro." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100039.
Повний текст джерелаThis research is based on the theory of the pluralism of the sources of the law. It aims at encompassing the three hypotetical systems of the setting of the Transnational Labour Law as following : transnational company, industrial relations, and arbitration as a mean of fixing the corporation customs (lex mercatoria, lex sportiva). This dissertation focuses on the way to insert in the local law (i. E. The Italian and the French law) the different legal act related to each legal system that is : company unilateral norms, collective transnational agreements, and arbitration awards. Furthermore, this thesis addresses the difficulty to determine the type of each and problems of international private law. The author concludes that it is necessary to establish new links between States law and these new forms of regulations
NUCCI, ALESSANDRO. "Globalizzazione, impresa transnazionale e diritto del lavoro." Doctoral thesis, Università Bocconi, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/11565/4054122.
Повний текст джерелаHuta, Chiara <1993>. "Profili fiscali del lavoro transnazionale." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12686.
Повний текст джерелаFRANCIOSO, CHIARA. "Ruling fiscali preventivi nell’economia globalizzata. Profili di diritto transnazionale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/314063.
Повний текст джерелаIn various jurisdictions, taxpayers may obtain a statement from the tax administration concerning the treatment of contemplated future transactions. A written statement, that binds the authority to the interpretation provided therein, ensures the taxpayer the legal certainty needed for cross-border transactions or complex investments, thus promoting simplified tax compliance and preventing tax disputes. The current advance compliance schemes result from the gradual codification of informal guidance practices from the past. The informality that once featured these practices still raises legal issues linked to secrecy, wide administrative discretion and the risk of discrimination between taxpayers. Despite the advantages well known in literature and acknowledged by national and international institutions, improper use of tax rulings may then facilitate aggressive tax planning and harmful tax competition: derogatory secret rulings, offering a low level of taxation in a certain jurisdiction, can encourage companies to artificially shift profits there, potentially leading to a race to the bottom. The current contribution aims to investigate which advance compliance policies, in a globalized market economy, best suit the constitutional and European principles governing taxation. Following an introduction on the evolution of ruling practices, their recurring features are identified with a comparative approach: (i) individual advance request, of practical interest for the taxpayer; (ii) “enhanced” protection of legitimate expectations; (iii) promotion of legal certainty. The comparative analysis identifies unsolved theoretical tensions between the right to the protection of legitimate expectations and the principle of legality in tax matters. The OECD and the EU are promoting the exchange of information (spontaneous and automatic, respectively) on cross-border tax rulings and APAs. After comparing the two standards, alternative or concurrent transparency policies are considered, including the publication of rulings. The comparison takes due account of the need to protect taxpayers’ rights, building on the Court of Justice and ECtHR case law. Finally, the dissertation addresses the competition threats raised by secret rulings, in terms of State aid (currently under judicial review by the Union Courts). The analysis leads to some remarks on the design of (a) a centralized European advance compliance program and (b) a domestic model able to overcome the above-mentioned issues without sacrificing taxpayers’ rights.
Galletti, Marco. "Il distacco transnazionale dei lavoratori." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423400.
Повний текст джерелаLa direttiva 96/71/CE del 16 dicembre 1996 nasce con il chiaro intento di definire un preciso quadro di regole da osservarsi qualora le imprese, nell’ambito "di una prestazione di servizi transnazionale, distacchino lavoratori […] nel territorio di uno Stato membro". Essa, infatti, fa obbligo agli Stati membri di provvedere affinché, qualunque sia la legislazione applicabile al rapporto di lavoro a norma delle regole di diritto internazionale privato, siano garantite ai lavoratori distaccati nei propri territori le stesse condizioni imposte, per quelli nazionali, da “disposizioni legislative, regolamentari o amministrative, e/o da contratti collettivi o da arbitrati dichiarati di applicazione generale” . Parole così lapidarie indurrebbero a pensare che dall’emanazione della stessa in poi non si possano essere più verificati fenomeni di dumping sociale. La realtà, come ai più è noto, è stata invece tutt’altra. Per usare le parole di un noto studioso le sentenze del cosiddetto quartetto Laval hanno evidenziato "le tensioni cui è soggetto l’attuale quadro normativo relativo al distacco dei lavoratori in un contesto di condizioni di lavoro e sociali divergenti fra Stati membri e la particolare sensibilità ai rischi di dumping sociale e concorrenza sleale percepiti", e dimostrato che "il campo di applicazione del diritto dell'UE si estende al contenzioso collettivo di lavoro". Sulla base di queste premesse la Commissione europea ha presentato, nel marzo del 2012, ben due proposte legislative tese, da un lato, a migliorare l’applicazione della direttiva 96/71 e, dall’altro, a chiarire quali siano i diritti collettivi azionabili "nel quadro della libertà di stabilimento e della libera prestazione di servizi". Il presente elaborato ha ripercorso le tappe che hanno portato in primis all’emanazione della direttiva distacco, ed in secundis alla presentazione delle suindicate proposte, e ciò non prima di aver chiarito il quadro giuridico in cui si inserisce tutta la legislazione concernente il rapporto di lavoro transnazionale. Lo scopo è stato evidenziare a chiare lettere tutte le problematiche che si sono palesate in oltre vent’anni per poi cercare di capire se davvero le proposte formulate dalla Commissione possano essere in grado di risolverli
Bresolin, Annamaria <1986>. "La contrattazione collettiva transnazionale a livello di imprese." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1517.
Повний текст джерелаFASOLA, MARCO. "LA RISCOSSIONE TRANSNAZIONALE DEI TRIBUTI NELL¿UNIONE EUROPEA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/617968.
Повний текст джерелаThis study concerns all activities undertaken to collect taxes abroad (i.e., cross-border tax collection). Tax collection implies the use of sovereign powers: therefore, it may be carried out abroad only in accordance with international agreements or – among European Union Member States – based on European regulations. Taxes are becoming more and more “international”, and wealth itself is now largely intangible – it crosses borders without going through customs. All of this may aid international tax evasion. Thus, there is a growing need for appropriate means to collect taxes abroad. Cross-border tax collection falls under the broader phenomenon of international cooperation in tax matters (which also includes cooperative efforts when assessing taxes: exchanging information, joint audits, etc.). Indeed, this cooperation stems from the need to fight international tax evasion more effectively. Cross-border tax collection may be performed through: (a) purely legislative means, such as the imposition of tax payment obligations on individuals or entities that are not linked to the taxing state’s territory (e.g., the obligation on foreign financial in-stitutions with no link whatsoever to the Italian legal system to withhold taxes); and/or (b) judicial or administrative means (e.g., a state enforces taxes on property or other goods located within its territory on behalf and in the interest of an applicant state to which taxes are owed). The latter case is usually referred to as “mutual administrative and judicial assistance”. This study first analyses the legal background that allows European Union Member States to cooperate with each other in tax collection (particularly Council Directive 2010/24/EU, the Strasbourg Convention of 25 January 1988 and Article 27 of the OECD Model Tax Convention). It then analyses the general regulations resulting from this legal background (such as the personal, material and temporal scope of ob-ligations to provide assistance; forms of assistance; assistance with recovery and precautionary measures; limits on the obligations to provide assistance; and more). Analysis of this legal background reveals that regulations on cooperation in tax matters have allowed EU Member States to extend the territorial scope of their tax collection powers greatly. At the same time, however, it also reveals that no adequate provisions are currently in place to safeguard the rights and interests of individuals and entities that are subject to these powers. This study thus aims to strike a balance between the increased powers of EU Member States (deriving from European and international regulations) on the one hand, and the need to safeguard individuals and entities that are subject to recovery procedures on the other. This balance can indeed be achieved – but it requires a rational interpretation of the legal background and its principles.
Boscolo, Gioachina Federica <1993>. "TASSAZIONE DELLE ROYALTIES DELLE SOCIETA’ IN PROSPETTIVA NAZIONALE, TRANSNAZIONALE E COMPARATA." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10770.
Повний текст джерелаFANFARILLO, SARA. "La tratta di esseri umani nel diritto internazionale: tra lotta al crimine transnazionale organizzato e tutela dei diritti fondamentali." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1088.
Повний текст джерелаOrobello, Tommaso <1998>. "Convenzioni contro le doppie imposizioni e tassazione dei redditi in prospettiva transnazionale." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21843.
Повний текст джерелаMiceli, Salvatore Andrea. "Problemi giuridici del lavoro transnazionale in edilizia." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1628.
Повний текст джерелаSpinelli, Anna <1983>. "La tassazione transnazionale dei dividendi ed il rispetto dei principi fondamentali comunitari e convenzionali." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2175.
Повний текст джерелаLAI, FRANCESCA. "Il contrasto alla criminalità transnazionale nell’Unione Europea. Atti di indagine e regime di acquisizione probatoria." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/256011.
Повний текст джерелаBalistreri, Luana Francesca <1983>. "Il traffico illecito transnazionale dei beni culturali. Il contenzioso sulla restituzione all'Italia della "Venere" di Morgantina." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2453.
Повний текст джерелаMORRA, GAIA. "LA MOBILITÀ TRANSNAZIONALE DEI LAVORATORI. CONTRIBUTO ALLO STUDIO DEI PROFILI GIUSLAVORISTICI E DI SICUREZZA SOCIALE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/816806.
Повний текст джерелаLucchese, Anna <1989>. "La circolazione transnazionale dei beni culturali a scopo non lucrativo : il prestito delle opere d'arte per mostre." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4150.
Повний текст джерелаCANEPA, GIACOMO. "Una politica sociale di riabilitazione. Storia transnazionale della legittimazione del diritto all’assistenza (Italia e Francia, 1944-1970)." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/104293.
Повний текст джерелаTroisi, Roberta. "La cooperazione in materia penale tra gli Stati membri dell’Unione europea per la prevenzione ed il contrasto della criminalità organizzata transnazionale." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/337.
Повний текст джерелаLa tesi ha ad oggetto l’analisi e lo studio degli strumenti predisposti in ambito europeo per prevenire e, soprattutto, per contrastare e combattere la criminalità organizzata transnazionale, in una visione di cooperazione giudiziaria e di polizia tra gli Stati membri dell’Unione europea. Preliminarmente, analizza il fenomeno della criminalità organizzata sia in una prospettiva interna che in una prospettiva transnazionale. Da un lato mette in evidenza la difficoltà di enucleare nel nostro ordinamento una definizione normativa della categoria dei “reati di criminalità organizzata” e dall’altro pone l’accento sull’evoluzione, nell’ambito dell’Unione europea, dell’elaborazione del concetto di “criminalità organizzata transnazionale”. Si concentra, poi, sull’analisi dello spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia predisposto anche per garantire una più efficace prevenzione ed un migliore contrasto della criminalità organizzata transnazionale. Infine, analizza gli organi e gli strumenti di cooperazione giudiziaria e di polizia apprestati specificamente dall’Unione europea per contrastare la criminalità organizzata transfrontaliera. ****** The thesis concerns the analysis and study of the tools designed in Europe to prevent and, above all, to oppose and to fight against transnational organized crime, in a vision of judicial and police cooperation between Member States of the European Union. Preliminarily, it analyzes the phenomenon of organized crime from internal perspective as from a transnational perspective. On one hand, it highlights the difficulty of identifying in our legal system whit a normative definition of the category of “crimes of organized crime” and on the other, focuses on the development within the European Union, of the elaboration of the concept of “transnational organized crime”. It focuses then on the analysis of the area of freedom, security and justice also designed to ensure a more effective prevention and a better contrast of transnational organized crime. Finally, it analyzes the organs and the instruments of judicial and police cooperation and police disposed specifically by the European Union to combat transnational organized crime. [a cura dell'autore]
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SALAMONE, LUCA VINCENZO MARIA. "La disciplina giuridica transnazionale dell’immigrazione clandestina via mare: poteri di law enforcement e proposte de iure condendo." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/189190.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, migration flows exert pressure on Countries that receive them and are sufficient to overcome the restrictions that they impose on this phenomenon. Besides legal, there is also illegal, clandestine immigration. In particular, it is referred to the sad phenomenon of illegal landings in the past five years, which has led to the intensification of the debate in Europe around the theme of security and border protection, protection of the Schengen area and migration issues. The debate involves more disciplinary aspects such as international and EU law, constitutional law, substantive and procedural criminal law, maritime law and administrative law. By analyzing the Montego Bay Convention 1982 regarding the Law of the Sea on intervention powers reserved to Flag States and those delegated to warships and ships in governmental service, and further ahead, by analyzing national regulations and international law related to discipline and tackle against illegal immigration by sea. Finally, legal and administrative tools provided by Italian legislation on combating/tackling illegal immigration by sea were analyzed. The research reaches its conclusion with a case described by law “iure condendo”, introducing an article of the UNCLOS and the recast of Article 110 of the aforementioned Convention, in order to fill-in the gap which currently “ties-up the hands” of those States that are mainly involved with illegal immigration by sea.
RICCIARDI, Giuseppe Carlo. "LA RIALLOCAZIONE DELLE FUNZIONI AMMINISTRATIVE FRA ENTI TERRITORIALI ALLA LUCE DELLA SEMPLIFICAZIONE E DELLA SPENDING REVIEW, NEL CONTESTO TRANSNAZIONALE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488008.
Повний текст джерелаIn the last ten years the local authorities have experienced a series of reform interventions shaped on the simplification of the local administrative map, the rationalization of competences and the spending review. Many of the tensions of the years of crisis experienced a first result in Law no. 56 of 2014, that it is characterized by some qualifying points: it transformed the Provinces into second-generation organizations, offered realization to metropolitan cities and promoted a reorganization of the administrative functions of territorial bodies, both fundamental and non-fundamental, at all levels of local government, waiting for the next reform of Title V of the Constitution. To this regulation, however, various legislative provisions have been added with orientated provisions towards saving public spending linked to the organic and financial endowments of local authorities that deployed immediate effects on local administrative capacity. After a first phase of implementation of the so called Delrio law by the Regions, the constitutional referendum of 4 December 2016 had a negative outcome, preventing the completion of the reform program and opening a new season of operational uncertainties for local authorities. With these premises, the research aims to understand if the Legislator could make more coherent choices and it identifies on which aspects it is urgent to intervene. In particular, the work starts from the always current principle enunciated by Massimo Severo Giannini, according to which «in principio sono le funzioni [in the beginning are the functions]», to understand if this statement was followed by the Italian Legislator. It is concluded that the legislature has preferred to base its reform laws on linear cuts to public spending that are inconsistent with each other, rather than achieving the expected results in terms of rational reallocation of administrative functions as also underlined by some rulings by the Constitutional Court. The research identifies, therefore, the legal solutions that are not desirable in terms of method and merit and it proposes some concretely applicable corrections to the current discipline, trying to identify basic principles – to complete the adage for which «in principio sono le funzioni [in the beginning are the functions]» – preparatory to the declination of a functional reallocation theory valid for any functional reorganization. The "special" part of the thesis deals with two distinct insights. The first one describes the functional structure of the French territorial authorities, with a comparative law approach. In France the recent reforms seem to be informed to the same objectives as those of Italy, unless they are better planned and bring greater intrinsic coherence among the measures adopted over the years to favor the clarification of competences. The second one deals with the topic of the European dimension of some policies concerning local authorities and tries to reconstruct a link between some transnational policies and some local development policies with the aim of underlining the role of the European discipline with respect to the support (also economic) to the administrative competences of the local authorities. The research closes with some proposals for a possible theory of the reallocation of administrative functions, which highlight: a) the need for forms of interconnection and technical-functional connection between functional subjects acting in wide areas; b) the need for further forms of differentiation as regards the level of municipal government; c) the usefulness of the acceptance of the principle of correlation between resources and functions and, in particular, of the application of the "FOCJ" scheme borrowed from the economic theory of functional federalism to any reorganization of functions, especially fundamental ones.
MOLISSO, LIDIA. "I processi di esternalizzazione e di delocalizzazione." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1334.
Повний текст джерелаOutsourcing has become a widespread organizational model, focusing on phases, each assigned to a different company. This outsourcing allows companies to focus on their core business while entrusting incidental or marginal activities to other firms, obtaining - at least in perspective - an improvement of efficiency and a reduction of costs. This should be the physiological aim of that industrial and social phenomenon, which causes the that company, seeking more and more flexibility in a more competitive market, breaking the cage of sometimes excessive rules, may form a network, which can also become a labyrinth of functionally coordinated companies. But conversely this goal â that is often a necessity - to move with more fluency and dynamism in the market, can be distorted by the more or less hidden aim to reduce personnel, outside the rules of mobility or collective redundancies. The most practical way to achieve that objective, legitimate, but sometimes surreptitious, is the use of transfer business. Legislation recently has been moving in that direction, but the law in action, namely the prevailing interpretation of the overall standards which are given by judges and doctors, is affected by opposing forces and counter which we have referred. The balance between the conflicting demands and drives lies in a definition of "business unit" as objective as possible, as "articulation functionally independentâ . The spoken phenomenon can, in the context of simple and clear rules on employment protection, allow companies the flexibility and ability to ready adaptation to new technologies and new demands, which may be a harbinger of that awaited industrial development, so necessary for the economic recovery of our country, within the framework of a united Europe promoting work and well-being. Now, to address the issue of outsourcing means moving into the widest problem of reform of the labour market, with which, for over a decade, the countries of the European community had to cope. Given the fact of the radical change in the economic world and, consequently, in the world of work, characterized by an increasing reduction in the work as a result of technological innovation, leading to replacement by accelerating rate workers with machines and robots, would be totally illusory to think that labour law could remain stable and unchanging. Labour law, in fact, because of its adherence to social reality, needs change, to adapt to reality and to construct new categories and institutions when reality develops. At the informal meeting of the European Council held in 2006, October 27, at Hampton Court on British Prime Minister Tony Blair supported the need to modernize the European social model. This necessity is imposed by the need to address the challenges of globalization but also the harsh reality of unemployment is too high. All EU countries must therefore deal, albeit in different measure, with the problem of modernization, and this theme - as has been observed - plays on the blurred line between market expansion and preservation of social protection, which are the heart of the social model, especially in countries such as Germany and Italy. Italy seems to have moved on this perspective, with a legislative process of acknowledgment flexible forms of work, already started in the '90s with the so-called â Treu packageâ , resulted in the labour market reform introduced in the implementation of delegation Law No 30/2003, by Decree No 276, 2003 and known as "Biagi reform" The reform, as is known, has set as its main objective is to provide the labour market with the highest levels of flexibility, but without ignoring the need, reiterated the White Paper, that the introduction of massive doses of flexibility should not be restricting the protections and the protections, but moving them from job guarantee to full employability throughout their working lives. This objective was pursued, establishing new contractual arrangements, different from the model built on Article 2094 c.c. and restyling existing institutions in a bid to boost employment by creating new legislative processes, more appropriate to the transforming world of work.
BORGIA, GIANLUCA. "L'ordine europeo di indagine penale tra lex fori e lex loci. Ricadute sul piano dell'utilizzabilità." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2487999.
Повний текст джерелаDismissed the ambitious perspective of introducing harmonised rules concerning the mutual admissibility of evidence between Member States, the recent Directive 2014/41/UE regarding the European Investigation Order in criminal matters (EIO) tried to combine the instances coming from the issuing State with those concerning the executing State. The outcome is an “hybridization” between the lex fori and lex loci that inevitably has an impact at the level of assessing the evidence gathered across borders. Hence the idea to focus the attention, firstly, on the previous instruments. In this regard, the study focused, above all, on the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters of 20 April 1959 of which Article 3 stated the locus regit actum principle. Later, the analysis regarded the Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters between the Member States of the European Union of 29 May 2000 that claims the opposite forum regit actum principle. Finally, the scenario outlined by the Conclusions of Tampere European Council has required to examine the compatibility of these principles with the mutual recognition (Chapter I). Analysed these aspects, the attention shifted to the provisions of the Directive as implemented in Italy by Legislative Decree n. 108 of 2017 which represent the expression of prerogatives of the two States involved in the cooperation procedure. First of all, particular emphasis has been placed on the rule according to which the executing authority shall comply with the formalities and procedures expressly indicated by the issuing authority (i.e. lex fori) unless otherwise provided that such formalities and procedures are not contrary to the “fundamental principles of law of the executing State”, with all the problems that arise from the vagueness of this expression. Then the study has focused on the provisions that establish the conditions for issuing and the conditions for executing by referring, respectively, to the lex fori and to lex loci. From this point of view, the interpretations that jurisprudence has offered of the provisions of Legislative Decree n. 108 of 2017, reducing them to mere "formalities" cause for concern. Lastly, was taken into account the part of the Directive concerning the “Specific Provisions for certain investigative measures”; context within which emerges the greatest reluctance to abandon the lex loci actus principle (Chapter II). In conclusion, the study concentrated on the insertion of the evidence collected ultra fines in the Italian criminal proceedings. In this sense, the screening of the rules provided for in Legislative Decree n. 108 of 2017 showed the inadequacy of to make use of the provisions governing letters rogatory. With regard, instead, to the norms not expressly mentioned, it seems appropriate to extend the rules, such as the Art. 729 par. 2 of the Italian Criminal Procedure Code, based on the logic of forum regit actum principle. Furthermore, some procedural sanctions seem to emerge directly from the text of the Directive (Chapter III).
CAPPELLO, MARKUS. "Il ‘hidden dumping sociale’ e quesiti occupazionali nelle filiere di fornitura: fenomenologia e tutele." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1245184.
Повний текст джерелаThe first two Chapters analyse the phenomenon 'hidden social dumping’ and circumscribe different forms and types of this social, economic and legal phenomenon arising in the new millennium. The third Chapter then examines Transnational Company Agreements (TCAs) as a possible tool to contrast and prevent 'hidden social dumping’ practices. The first Chapter embeds the newly developed concept 'hidden social dumping' in literature and develops a theoretical model for studying hidden social dumping along enterprises' supply and production chains. The second Chapter examines whether the (current) legal setting of intra-EU posting of workers leaves space for 'hidden social dumping practices' and critically assesses the impact of the revised Posting of Workers Directive 2018/957. The third Chapter then brings the analysis to the ‘non-legal’ sphere of CSR and examines whether Transnational Company Agreements (TCAs) can be an effective tool to contrast and prevent ‘hidden social dumping’ practices.
Maitan, Silvia <1993>. "La disciplina fiscale delle fusioni transnazionali." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/11879.
Повний текст джерелаScocca, Grazia. "Business & Human Rights : imprese transnazionali e tutela del diritto alla salute." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAA012.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis aims to analyse the nature of the relationships generated between the power of multinational and transnational corporations and States, in order to identify all the international human rights obligations involved and more specifically, those relating to the universal right to health. According to the economic system established by the Western Countries and the globalization, transnational corporations are able to cause considerable risks, which may have adverse consequences on the Human Right to Health, or even “determinants of health”. In the light of these considerations and due to the extent of the issue, the thesis has been focused on the analysis of specific obligations related to the sectors of pharmaceutical industries, the tobacco corporations and the multinational food companies. The thesis was written according to the academic criteria traditionally used in Italy and is based on argumentation articulated in three main chapters, an introduction and a final conclusion
Il proposito della tesi è quello di offrire un’indagine accurata concernente la natura delle relazioni che si generano tra il potere delle imprese transnazionali e le autorità statali, della trama degli obblighi internazionali implicati, in modo particolare alla luce di violazioni di diritti umani che potrebbero generarsi. Il liberalismo economico, la promozione degli scambi con relativo abbattimento delle barriere territoriali, il mercato globale hanno condotto al generarsi di formazioni industriali globalizzate con forze economiche tali da influenzare gli assetti politici di un Paese, andando dunque ben oltre le funzioni specifiche di mera produzione e immissione sul mercato dei propri prodotti. Preliminarmente, è interessante capire come la dottrina internazionalistica affronta e definisce le perplessità relative alla configurazione di una soggettività di diritto internazionale “eccezionalmente riconosciuta”, che poi costituirà la base per le riflessioni a venire. La prima riguarda la transnazionalità dell’impresa. Questa peculiarità costitutiva, figlia del mercato globalizzato, consente al meccanismo del sistema produttivo di sottrarre un’unità specifica dalla riconduzione territoriale della cd. Casa madre, pur restandone parte integrante.Lo stato dell’arte del diritto internazionale prevede, in capo all’autorità statale ospitante, un obbligo incombente di regolamentazione e controllo dell’attività svolta dalle imprese sul proprio territorio. Tuttavia, nella prassi si riscontrano circostanze di Stati deboli dal punto di vista legislativo, con carenti strumenti di tutela e scarse risorse, tali da renderli proprio per questo, mete ideali di soggetti investitori che intendono eludere le più rigide disposizioni vigenti nei propri Paesi di origine.Il ruolo delle società multinazionali oggi, di quelle transnazionali in particolare per alcuni, consente di poter ridiscutere dei capisaldi di un diritto internazionale definito stato-centrico e della propria capacità di riuscire a rispondere alle esigenze dei tempi correnti. Se è vero che il diritto internazionale nasce con il precipuo scopo di regolare i rapporti tra Stati, ai quali viene attribuita un’esclusiva personalità giuridica che li rende idonei ad essere titolari di diritti e obblighi giuridici, nella prassi delle relazioni emerge una realtà molto più complessa di questa.L’istituzione dell’Open Ended Intergovernmental Working Group che proseguono il lavoro del Relatore Speciale, il Professor Ruggie, lascia trasparire quanto il tema sia al centro dello sviluppo sui diritti umani della Nazioni Unite. Sulla stessa linea si sta sviluppando una legislazione anche in seno al Consiglio d’Europa con l’adozione della raccomandazione CM/Rec (2016)3 del novembre 2016, nonché in UE con la direttiva 2014/95/UE sull’obbligo di pubblicazione delle informazioni non finanziarie.Alla luce di tali circostanze, la tesi analizza il tema specifico della responsabilità delle imprese transnazionali in materia di rispetto e promozione del diritto alla salute e dei suoi determinanti, a fronte della diffusione epidemica delle malattie non trasmissibili. Per questo il lavoro di ricerca si concentra sugli obblighi specifici relativi ai settori delle imprese farmaceutiche, produzione e commercializzazione di tabacco, food corporations
Cangemi, Vincenzo. "Le relazioni industriali nell'era della globalizzazione: gli accordi quadro transnazionali." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426307.
Повний текст джерелаOggetto della ricerca sono gli accordi quadro transnazionali (TCAs), quale forma di regolamentazione privata capace di rispondere al deficit di governance ingenerato, a livello transnazionale, dalla globalizzazione dell’economia. L’assenza di un quadro normativo di riferimento ha determinato una serie di problematiche nella negoziazione degli accordi transnazionali, relative all'individuazione dei soggetti legittimati a sottoscrivere l’accordo, all'ambito di applicazione, all'efficacia giuridica degli accordi. L’idea sviluppata nell'elaborato consiste in una rilettura degli accordi transnazionali alla luce della teoria della pluralità degli ordinamenti giuridici, qualificandoli come struttura di un ordinamento privato, creato dalla direzione della multinazionale e dai lavoratori, per regolamentare la condizione dei lavoratori all'interno del gruppo. In questo contesto, sulla base di argomenti tratti dall'analisi degli accordi sottoscritti in questi anni, viene proposta l’introduzione di un quadro giuridico autonomo settoriale negoziato dalle parti sociali, che possa contribuire a risolvere le questioni aperte riscontrate nella stipulazione di accordi transnazionali. Nel primo capitolo, dopo una breve ricostruzione storica, vengono analizzati gli aspetti principali degli international framework agreements (IFAs) e degli european framework agreements (EFAs): i soggetti firmatari; gli obiettivi perseguiti nelle negoziazioni dalle parti sociali; l’oggetto degli accordi. Nel secondo capitolo viene sviluppata la costruzione degli accordi transnazionali come sistema privato transnazionale attraverso l’esame delle clausole relative all'ambito di applicazione, all'implementazione e alla risoluzione delle controversie. Infine, nel terzo capitolo, si indaga il rapporto tra procedure sindacali e accordi transnazionali al fine di proporre l’adozione di un quadro autonomo di riferimento a livello settoriale per le negoziazioni transnazionali, attraverso la sottoscrizione, da parte delle multinazionali e delle federazioni sindacali, di un accordo multilaterale procedurale sul modello dei documenti sindacali.
Agnoletto, Mattia <1990>. "La rilevanza penale dell'elusione fiscale - operazioni straordinarie e transnazionali." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19899.
Повний текст джерелаBau', Valentina <1995>. "La direttiva madre-figlia: il trattamento fiscale dei dividendi transnazionali." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16571.
Повний текст джерелаVassura, Alice <1992>. "Una conferma alla prassi restitutoria per i beni trafugati illecitamente durante la Seconda guerra mondiale? I comportamenti dei Soggetti nazionali e transnazionali del mondo dell’Arte." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17906.
Повний текст джерелаTACCARDI, CRISTIANA. "UN REATO SENZA "CONFINI": LA TRATTA DI ESSERI UMANI DAI MODELI TEORICI ALLA PRASSI APPLICATIVA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/122448.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this research is to analyse the criminal legislation of human trafficking as a paradigmatic area of multi-level criminal science, seeking to improve the strategy of prevention and repression of this criminal phenomenon. Some of the most relevant issues related to this topic are addressed in order to do so, such as the difficult definition of the relationship between human trafficking and smuggling of migrants, as well as the characteristic of trafficking as a transnational crime. In the light of the numerous legislative instruments already in place to combat trafficking and the persistent ineffectiveness of legal protection, the study focuses on the transnational nature of the crime of trafficking and the need for an approach that goes beyond the EU harmonisation of national laws and inter-State cooperation. The changing 'legal space' within which the issues raised by meta-national forms of crime, among which trafficking is included, challenge the postulate of the inherence of criminal law to the prerogatives of State sovereignty. Therefore, the possibilities of delineating a new European territoriality, as a prerequisite for a direct criminal competence of the Institutions in the field of transnational crimes, will be investigated. The topic of European criminal law will be explored in depth, aware of the limits that the processes of European law production currently suffer from. In the face of serious transnational crime phenomena, such as trafficking in human beings, the need to transpose, at a European level, that shared core of criminal science, unavoidably linked to the protection of legal goods and respect for human rights, appears even more urgent.
DE, LUCA CARLOTTA. "L'ORDINE EUROPEO D'INDAGINE PENALE: DISCIPLINA NORMATIVA E PRIME ESPERIENZE APPLICATIVE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/919437.
Повний текст джерелаThe European criminal investigation order, introduced by Directive 2014/41/EU, is an instrument of judicial cooperation in the field of evidence, which has become necessary, given the growing transnational dimension of crime as a result of the sublimation of geographical boundaries in the European Union's Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. The supranational directive, implemented by Italian Legislative Decree no. 108 of 2017, has given rise to a construct of hybrid nature, inspired by the principle of mutual recognition, which maintains, at the same time, certain features typical of traditional mutual legal assistance, in an attempt to combine investigative efficiency and protection of fundamental guarantees. In an underlying backdrop still characterized by the absence of harmonization of national procedural and evidentiary rules, the mechanism for adducing evidence in a foreign country revolves around the principle of proportionality, which in turn takes shape in the context of a balancing judgement - to be conducted in the actual case and taking into consideration the specificities of such case - between the needs related to the detection of crime and the sacrifices imposed on the rights of the persons involved, for various reasons, in the procedures aimed at issuing and executing the relevant order. This doctoral thesis intends to provide a comprehensive analysis of the European Investigation Order, beginning with its legal framework, for the purposes of highlighting the main problems that have emerged in its early-stage enforcement and of identifying solutions capable of shorten the gap between theory and practice. To this end, a large space is firstly dedicated to the analysis of the early case-law rendered by the Court of Justice and by the Italian Court of Cassation on this theme, which reveals the overall tendency to prefer purposes of investigatory efficiency to the detriment of defense rights; secondly, this thesis critically evaluates some practical cases selected at the Public Prosecutor's Office of Milan and Monza.
Conti, Sara. "Profili giuridici e tecnici dello scambio transnazionale delle prove digitali in ambito penale." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1211795.
Повний текст джерелаGiannino, Domenico. "Il costituzionalismo transnazionale del sistema interamericano di tutela dei diritti umani e i federalismi 'accentratori' messicano e argentino." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10955/844.
Повний текст джерелаKöche, Rafael. "História do Futuro da Fiscalidade: política fiscal internacional, transnacionalização do direito e democracia na era da globalização." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1250850.
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