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Статті в журналах з теми "DIRECTIONAL SCATTERING"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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1

Lu, Zhaocheng, and Andrew N. Norris. "Passive nonreciprocity-induced directional wave scattering." Extreme Mechanics Letters 51 (February 2022): 101600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eml.2021.101600.

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2

Shen, Z., and A. Dogariu. "Subradiant directional memory in cooperative scattering." Nature Photonics 16, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41566-021-00926-4.

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3

Fawcett, John A. "Directional modal scattering by a ridge." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 3 (September 1991): 1554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401895.

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4

D’Antonio, Peter. "The directional scattering factor: Experimental determination." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 91, no. 4 (April 1992): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.403367.

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5

Frisvad, Jeppe Revall, Toshiya Hachisuka, and Thomas Kim Kjeldsen. "Directional Dipole Model for Subsurface Scattering." ACM Transactions on Graphics 34, no. 1 (December 29, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2682629.

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6

Wiecha, Peter R., Aurélien Cuche, Arnaud Arbouet, Christian Girard, Gérard Colas des Francs, Aurélie Lecestre, Guilhem Larrieu, et al. "Strongly Directional Scattering from Dielectric Nanowires." ACS Photonics 4, no. 8 (July 18, 2017): 2036–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00423.

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7

Jiang, Shen-long, Lu Chen, Xin-xin Yu, Hong-jun Zheng, Ke Lin, Qun Zhang, Xiao-ping Wang, and Yi Luo. "Surface Plasmon Assisted Directional Rayleigh Scattering." Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 30, no. 2 (April 27, 2017): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1611204.

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8

Langbein, W., and J. M. Hvam. "Directional Scattering Dynamics of Microcavity Polaritons." physica status solidi (a) 190, no. 2 (April 2002): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-396x(200204)190:2<327::aid-pssa327>3.0.co;2-o.

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9

Ullah, Kaleem, Muhammad Habib, Lujun Huang, and Braulio Garcia-Camara. "Analysis of the Substrate Effect on the Zero-Backward Scattering Condition of a Cu2O Nanoparticle under Non-Normal Illumination." Nanomaterials 9, no. 4 (April 3, 2019): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9040536.

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Анотація:

The presence of a substrate is one of the most important limitations of the real application of the directional conditions. These conditions allow the control of the spatial distribution of light scattering of nanoparticles. While the zero-forward condition is quite sensitive to any change of the surrounding medium, like the substrate, the zero-backward scattering seems to be less sensitive and very stable under normal illumination. In this letter, the zero-backward scattering condition was investigated on a homogenous Cu2O spherical subwavelength particle, both theoretically and experimentally. In particular, the influence of the substrate and the impinging direction on the angular distribution of light scattering under this directional condition were studied. We observed that the zero-backward scattering condition was also sensitive to the presence of a substrate beneath when a non-normal illumination was considered. We believe that our finding is quite interesting from a practical point of view and for the real implementation of directional scattering in various applications like cloaking, light-emitting devices, photovoltaic devices, bio-sensing, and many more.

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10

Wapenaar, Kees, and Jan Thorbecke. "On the Retrieval of the Directional Scattering Matrix from Directional Noise." SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences 6, no. 1 (January 2013): 322–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/12086131x.

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11

Dimenna, R. A., and R. O. Buckius. "Electromagnetic Theory Predictions of the Directional Scattering From Triangular Surfaces." Journal of Heat Transfer 116, no. 3 (August 1, 1994): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910917.

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Angular predictions of directional scattering distributions for metal and dielectric surfaces with length scales of the order of the wavelength are made from rigorous electromagnetic scattering theory. The theoretical and numerical formulation of the electromagnetic scattering solution based on the extinction theorem is presented. One-dimensional triangular surface profiles are generated using a Fourier series representation for various correlation lengths, deviations, and surface peak positions. Bidirectional reflection functions and directional emissivities are calculated for the surface geometry parameters above and various optical properties. Angular enhancements in bidirectional reflection and emissivity are quantified. Angular scattering and emissivity predictions have been extended beyond those previously reported to include surfaces with equivalent correlation length and deviation.

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12

Lin, S., W. Feng, J. C. Powelson, R. J. Feuerstein, L. J. Bintz, D. Tomic, and A. R. Mickelson. "Scattering induced crosstalk in active directional couplers." Journal of Lightwave Technology 14, no. 9 (1996): 2012–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.536969.

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13

Håkansson, Andreas, Daniel Torrent, Francisco Cervera, and José Sánchez-Dehesa. "Directional acoustic source by scattering acoustical elements." Applied Physics Letters 90, no. 22 (May 28, 2007): 224107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2743947.

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14

Bai, Jinjun, Yong Li, and Bo Zhao. "Directional light scattering from individual Au nanocup." Optics Communications 387 (March 2017): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2016.11.062.

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15

McDaniel, Suzanne T. "Acoustic and radar scattering from directional seas." Waves in Random Media 9, no. 4 (October 1999): 537–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0959-7174/9/4/306.

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16

Singh, Leeju, Nicolò Maccaferri, Denis Garoli, and Yuri Gorodetski. "Directional Plasmonic Excitation by Helical Nanotips." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051333.

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Анотація:

The phenomenon of coupling between light and surface plasmon polaritons requires specific momentum matching conditions. In the case of a single scattering object on a metallic surface, such as a nanoparticle or a nanohole, the coupling between a broadband effect, i.e., scattering, and a discrete one, such as surface plasmon excitation, leads to Fano-like resonance lineshapes. The necessary phase matching requirements can be used to engineer the light–plasmon coupling and to achieve a directional plasmonic excitation. Here, we investigate this effect by using a chiral nanotip to excite surface plasmons with a strong spin-dependent azimuthal variation. This effect can be described by a Fano-like interference with a complex coupling factor that can be modified thanks to a symmetry breaking of the nanostructure.

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17

Brancewicz, Marek, Henryk Reniewicz, Andrzej Andrejczuk, Ludwik Dobrzyński, Eugeniusz Żukowski, and Stanisław Kaprzyk. "Electron Momentum Density of Hexagonal Magnesium Studied by Compton Scattering." Solid State Phenomena 112 (May 2006): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.112.123.

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Directional Compton profiles of single crystal of hcp magnesium have been measured with scattering vectors along the [10 10], [1120] and [0001] directions in reciprocal space (special directions ΓΜ, ΓΚ, ΓΑ) using high-energy (662 keV) gamma radiation from a 137Cs isotope source. The experimental data were compared with corresponding theoretical Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) calculations. The directional difference profiles, both experimental (of medium resolution) and theoretical ones, show very small anisotropy of the electron momentum density in magnesium, 2-3 times lower than in zinc and cadmium single crystals, significantly lower than observed in cubic metals. This small directional effect is in good agreement with Compton 60-keV energy experiments and positron annihilation data presented by other authors.

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18

Xue, Fengxia, Haihua Fan, Qiaofeng Dai, Haiying Liu, and Sheng Lan. "Broadband unidirectional scattering in the transverse direction and angular radiation realized by using a silicon hollow nanodisk under a radially polarized beam." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 9 (November 26, 2021): 095111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac394c.

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Abstract In recent years, directional scattering has been one of the most active research hotspots in the field of nanophotonics. Herein, we study the directional scattering properties of a silicon hollow nanodisk (SHND) illuminated by a tightly focused radially polarized beam. The induced strong longitudinal total electric dipole interferes with transverse magnetic dipole to achieve a highly-efficient transverse unidirectional scattering when the SHND is located at a specific position in the focal plane. Moreover, the manipulated unidirectional scattering in the transverse direction can be realized in the broad wavelength range from 581 nm to 656 nm. In addition, the unidirectional angular radiation towards all directions can be realized by adjusting the position of the SHND. Our research results are helpful for the design of nanophotonic devices that can manipulate the angular radiation direction, and have potential applications in sensing, optical communications, solar cells and other fields.

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19

Adams, Jennifer, Philip Lewis, and Mathias Disney. "Decoupling Canopy Structure and Leaf Biochemistry: Testing the Utility of Directional Area Scattering Factor (DASF)." Remote Sensing 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10121911.

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Biochemical properties retrieved from remote sensing data are crucial sources of information for many applications. However, leaf and canopy scattering processes must be accounted for to reliably estimate information on canopy biochemistry, carbon-cycle processes and energy exchange. A coupled leaf-canopy model based on spectral invariants theory has been proposed, that uses the so-called Directional Area Scattering Factor (DASF) to correct hyperspectral remote sensing data for canopy structural effects. In this study, the reliability of DASF to decouple canopy structure and biochemistry was empirically tested using simulated reflectance spectra modelled using a Monte Carlo Ray Tracing (MCRT) radiative transfer model. This approach allows all canopy and radiative properties to be specified a priori. Simulations were performed under idealised conditions of directional-hemispherical reflectance, isotropic Lambertian leaf reflectance and transmittance and sufficiently dense (high LAI) canopies with black soil where the impact of canopy background is negligible, and also departures from these conditions. It was shown that both DASF and total canopy scattering could be accurately extracted under idealised conditions using information from both the full 400–2500 nm spectral interval and the 710–790 nm interval alone, even given no prior knowledge of leaf optical properties. Departures from these idealised conditions: varying view geometry, bi-directional reflectance, LAI and soil effects, were tested. We demonstrate that total canopy scattering could be retrieved under conditions of varying view geometry and bi-directional reflectance, but LAI and soil effects were shown to reduce the accuracy with which the scattering can be modelled using the DASF approach. We show that canopy architecture, either homogeneous or heterogeneous 3D arrangements of canopy scattering elements, has important influences over DASF and consequently the accuracy of retrieval of total canopy scattering. Finally, although DASF and total canopy scattering could be retrieved to within 2.4% of the modelled total canopy scattering signal given no prior knowledge of leaf optical properties, spectral invariant parameters were not accurately retrieved from the simulated signal. This has important consequences since these parameters are quite widely used in canopy reflectance modelling and have the potential to help derive new, more accurate canopy biophysical information. Understanding and quantifying the limitations of the DASF approach as we have done here, is an important step in allowing the wider use of these methods for decoupling canopy structure and biochemistry.

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20

Malecki, Andreas, Elena Eggl, Florian Schaff, Guillaume Potdevin, Thomas Baum, Eduardo Grande Garcia, Jan S. Bauer, and Franz Pfeiffer. "Correlation of X-Ray Dark-Field Radiography to Mechanical Sample Properties." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 5 (July 1, 2014): 1528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614001718.

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AbstractThe directional dark-field signal obtained with X-ray grating interferometry yields direction-dependent information about the X-ray scattering taking place inside the examined sample. It allows examination of its morphology without the requirement of resolving the micrometer size structures directly causing the scattering. The local morphology in turn gives rise to macroscopic mechanical properties of the investigated specimen. In this study, we investigate the relation between the biomechanical elasticity (Young’s modulus) and the measured directional dark-field parameters of a well-defined sample made of wood. In our proof-of-principle experiment, we found a correlation between Young’s modulus, the average dark-field signal, and the average dark-field anisotropy. Hence, we are able to show that directional dark-field imaging is a new method to predict mechanical sample properties. As grating interferometry provides absorption, phase-contrast, and dark-field data at the same time, this technique appears promising to combine imaging and mechanical testing in a single testing stage. Therefore, we believe that directional dark-field imaging will have a large impact in the materials science world.

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21

Huang, Guiqiong, Bingquan Xu, Jian Qiu, Li Peng, Kaiqing Luo, Dongmei Liu, and Peng Han. "Effect of Directional Movement on Dynamic Light Scattering." IEEE Photonics Journal 13, no. 3 (June 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2021.3083611.

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22

Quan, Jia-Qi, Zong-Qiang Sheng, Yu Fang, Ren-Hao Fan, and Hong-Wei Wu. "Ultra-directional forward scattering in spoof plasmonic structure." Applied Physics Express 12, no. 4 (March 1, 2019): 042002. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/1882-0786/ab0182.

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23

Zappelli, Leonardo. "SCATTERING MATRIX OF 2N-PORT HYBRID DIRECTIONAL COUPLERS." Progress In Electromagnetics Research M 75 (2018): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierm18092202.

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24

Shen, Z., and A. Dogariu. "Publisher Correction: Subradiant directional memory in cooperative scattering." Nature Photonics 16, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41566-022-00962-8.

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25

Ying, Lexing. "Directional Preconditioner for 2D High Frequency Obstacle Scattering." Multiscale Modeling & Simulation 13, no. 3 (January 2015): 829–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/140985135.

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26

Chen, Hua, Kwok Wa Leung, and Edward K. N. Yung. "Fast Directional Multilevel Algorithm for Analyzing Wave Scattering." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 59, no. 7 (July 2011): 2546–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2011.2152354.

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27

D’Antonio, Peter. "Determining the directional scattering coefficient from polar responses." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 126, no. 4 (2009): 2287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3249375.

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28

Liu, Jinpeng, Zheng Zhu, Yongqiang Ji, Ziyang Chen, Chao Zhang, and Dejiang Shang. "Prediction of Sound Scattering from Deep-Sea Targets Based on Equivalence of Directional Point Sources." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (June 2, 2021): 5160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115160.

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Анотація:

A fast prediction method is proposed for calculating the sound scattering of targets in the deep-sea acoustic channel by equating the sound scattering field of a complex elastic target to the acoustic field excited by a directional point source. In deep-sea conditions, the effects of the sea surface on the impedance characteristics of the elastic target surface can be ignored. Through the finite element simulation of the acoustic scattering of the target in the free field, the sound scattering field is equated to the radiation field of a directional point source. Subsequently, the point source is placed in the channel, and the acoustic ray method is used to calculate the distribution of the scattering field. On the basis of theoretical modelling, the method of obtaining the directional point source and the influence of the sea surface on the impedance of the scattering field are analysed. Subsequently, the proposed method is compared with the finite element method in terms of computational efficiency. The result shows that the method considers the multiple complex coupling effects between the elastic structure and marine environment. The influence of the boundary is approximately negligible when the distance from the ocean boundary to the elastic structure is equal to the wavelength. The method only performs finite element coupling calculation in the free field; the amount of mesh size is greatly reduced and the calculation efficiency is significantly improved when compared with the finite element calculation in the entire channel, the. The calculation time in the example can be reduced by more than one order of magnitude. This method organically combines the near-field calculation with acoustic ray theory and it can realise the rapid calculation of the large-scale acoustic scattering field in complex marine environments.

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29

Liu, M. Q., C. Y. Zhao, and B. X. Wang. "Active tuning of directional scattering by combining magneto-optical effects and multipolar interferences." Nanoscale 10, no. 38 (2018): 18282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr05692g.

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30

Starodub, A. N., N. G. Borisenko, A. A. Fronya, Yu A. Merkuliev, M. V. Osipov, V. N. Puzyrev, A. T. Sahakyan, B. L. Vasin, and O. F. Yakushev. "Aerogel foil plasma: Forward scattering, back scattering, and transmission of laser radiation." Laser and Particle Beams 28, no. 3 (June 11, 2010): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034610000315.

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AbstractExperimental results obtained with “Kanal-2” facility under the study of powerful laser pulse interaction with the low density microstructure media are presented and discussed in this paper. Forward scattering, back scattering, and transmission of laser radiation by aerogel foil plasma have been investigated. The temporal, spectral, and energy characteristics of both the radiation scattering in the direction of heating radiation beam and the back scattering radiation were studied; the directional diagrams of forward and back scattering radiation were obtained for ω0 and 2ω0 frequencies. Analysis of intensity redistribution on the heating beam cross-section after passing through a polymer microstructure target was carried out.

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31

Lopes, Roge´rio, Luı´s M. Moura, Dominique Baillis, and Jean-Franc¸ois Sacadura. "Directional Spectral Emittance of a Packed Bed: Correlation Between Theoretical Prediction and Experimental Data." Journal of Heat Transfer 123, no. 2 (July 7, 2000): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1338134.

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Directional spectral emittance of an absorbing and scattering isothermal system of packed spheres is predicted by a radiative model based on the discrete ordinates method. Radiative properties for the bed of packed opaque spheres are obtained using geometric optics laws corrected with a scaling factor to take into account the dependent scattering. This model requires the knowledge of several parameters. Particle diameter and porosity can be easily obtained, but particle hemispherical spectral reflectivity is very difficult to obtain a priori. This particle reflectivity is determined by an identification method (Gauss method of linearization) applied to bidirectional spectral reflectance data obtained from an experimental device using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Directional spectral emittance is measured using a direct radiometric technique that has been recently proposed. For a system of packed opaque spheres at high temperature, good agreement is observed between experimental results of directional spectral and computed theoretical data.

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32

Norman, S. E., A. H. Turner, and T. G. A. Youngs. "Structure of ionic liquids with amino acid anions via neutron diffraction." RSC Advances 5, no. 82 (2015): 67220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra06785e.

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33

Jamalipour, Mostafa, Luca Zanini, and Giuseppe Gorini. "Directional reflection of cold neutrons using nanodiamond particles for compact neutron sources." EPJ Web of Conferences 231 (2020): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023104003.

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Nanodiamond Particles (NDP) are new candidates for neutron reflection. They have a large scattering and low absorption cross-sections for low-energy neutrons. Very Cold Neutrons (VCN) are reflected from NDP with large scattering angles while Cold Neutrons (CN) have a quasi-specular reflection at small incident angles. A new scattering process has been added in Geant4 in order to examine the directional reflection of CN in an extraction beam made of NDP layer. Impurities in NDP are responsible for the up-scattered neutrons, especially hydrogen which has a large cross-section. Other impurities are also considered in Geant4 in order to produce a more accurate model for NDP scattering. The new scattering process is used to model a possible configuration of target-moderator-reflector in Compact Neutron Sources (CNS). A 13 MeV proton beam striking a beryllium target is chosen. Parahydrogen is placed as a cold moderator in order to produce CN. NDP are placed around the extraction beam for scattering the CN toward the exit of the beam. The results show that CN exiting the extraction beam can be increased thanks to the implemented NDP layer.

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34

Pan, Xiao-Hui, Shuo-Hui Cao, Min Chen, Yan-Yun Zhai, Zi-Qian Xu, Bin Ren, and Yao-Qun Li. "In situ and sensitive monitoring of configuration-switching involved dynamic adsorption by surface plasmon-coupled directional enhanced Raman scattering." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 22, no. 22 (2020): 12624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cp01567a.

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35

Bréon, F. M. "Aerosol extinction to backscatter ratio derived from passive satellite measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 1 (January 22, 2013): 2351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-2351-2013.

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Abstract. Spaceborne reflectance measurements from the POLDER instrument are used to study the specific directional signature close to the backscatter direction. The data analysis makes it possible to derive the extinction to backscatter ratio (EBR) which is the invert of the scattering phase function for an angle of 180° and is needed for a quantitative interpretation of lidar observations (active measurements). In addition, the multi-directional measurements are used to quantify the scattering phase function variations close to backscatter, which also provide some indication of the aerosol particle size and shape. The spatial distributions of both parameters show consistent patterns that are consistent with the aerosol type distributions. Pollution aerosols have an EBR close to 70, desert dust values are on the order of 50, while marine aerosol's is close to 25. The scattering phase function shows an increase with the scattering angle close to backscatter. The relative increase ∂lnP/∂ γ is close to 0.01 for dust and pollution type aerosols and 0.06 for marine type aerosols. These values are consistent with those retrieved from Mie simulations.

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36

GOGOI, MADHULEKHA, and PRITAM DEB. "LIGHT SCATTERING BEHAVIOR OF MAGNETIC FIELD INDUCED DIRECTIONAL SELF ASSEMBLY OF IRON OXIDE NANOPARTICLE SUSPENSION." Nano 07, no. 04 (August 2012): 1250027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292012500270.

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The magnetic control on scattering of light by ultrafine iron oxide (γ- Fe2O3 ) nanoparticles suspended in a carrier liquid was investigated. The light scattering behavior was studied using laser light under the influence of a permanent magnet over a rotating frame of reference. When the magnet is rotated continuously from 0° to 360° with respect to the direction of the incident laser beam, the scattered light pattern from the sample has the same angular displacement but in counter direction to the magnetic field rotation. When external field is not applied to the ferrofluid, no other preferred directional scattering of light is observed. The applied magnetic field induces directional self assembly of magnetic nanoparticles through dipole–dipole interactions. This finally leads to the formation of "nanoparticle grating" and the optical geometry of diffraction grating clearly describes the anomalous scattering behavior of the ferrofluid. Most interestingly, for each complete orientation of the field from 0° to 360°, the transmitted light intensity switches between maxima and minima for longitudinal and transverse applied magnetic fields.

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37

Al Mursaline, Miad, Timothy K. Stanton, and Andone C. Lavery. "Monostatic and bistatic acoustic scattering from smooth and rough elastic cylinders insonified by directional sonars." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016115.

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Acoustic scattering from cylinders has been previously studied extensively for idealized incident plane waves and point receivers. However, the more realistic case of scattering from cylinders insonified by directional sonars has received limited attention. Operational sonars are directional and transmit waves that spread spherically. Due to the spherical spreading, the overall scattered pressure levels are affected and the cylinder is insonified across a continuum of oblique incident angles, even at broadside incidence. The obliqueness in the incident field, in turn, influences the structure of the scattering spectrum by exciting guided wave natural modes. A recently derived theory, accounting for the above realistic effects, is tested against laboratory measurements involving both smooth and rough elastic cylinders, spanning a range of scattering geometries and roughness profiles. The effects of bistatic angle between the source and receiver on overall scattered pressure levels and resonances are investigated and compared with results from the monostatic geometry. The influence of correlation length and root mean square roughness on the scattered field is also studied.

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38

Max, Ghelman, Kopeika Natan, Rotman Stenley, Edvabsky Tal, Vax Eran та Osovizky Alon. "Design of 4π Directional Radiation Detector based on Compton Scattering Effect". EPJ Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 07003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125307003.

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Obtaining directional information is required in many applications such as nuclear homeland security, contamination mapping after a nuclear incident and radiological events, or during the decontamination work. However, many directional radiation detectors are based on directional shielding, made of lead or tungsten collimators, introducing two main drawbacks. The first is the size and weight, making those detectors too heavy and irrelevant for utilization in handheld devices, drone mapping, or space applications. The second drawback is the limited field of view, which requires multiple detectors to cover the whole required field of view or machinery to rotate the narrow field of view detector. We propose a novel 4π directional detector based on a segmented hollow cubic detector, which uses the Compton effect interactions with no heavy collimators. The symmetrical cubical design provides both higher efficiency and 4π detection ability. Instead of traditional two types of detectors (scatterer and absorber) structure, we use the same type of detector, based on GAGG(Ce) scintillator coupled to silicon photomultiplier. Additional advantage of the proposed detector obtained by locating the photon sensors inside the detector, behind the scintillators, which improves the radiation hardness required for space applications. Furthermore, such arrangement flattens the temperature variation across the detector, providing better gain stability. The main advantage of the proposed detector is the ability of 4pi radiation detection for high energy gamma-rays without the use of heavy collimators.

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39

Zhang, Yinan, Shiren Chen, and Jing Han. "Broadband and Highly Directional Visible Light Scattering by Laser-Splashed Lossless TiO2 Nanoparticles." Molecules 26, no. 20 (October 10, 2021): 6106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26206106.

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All-dielectric nanoparticles, as the counterpart of metallic nanostructures have recently attracted significant interest in manipulating light-matter interaction at a nanoscale. Directional scattering, as an important property of nanoparticles, has been investigated in traditional high refractive index materials, such as silicon, germanium and gallium arsenide in a narrow band range. Here in this paper, we demonstrate that a broadband forward scattering across the entire visible range can be achieved by the low loss TiO2 nanoparticles with moderate refractive index. This mainly stems from the optical interferences between the broadband electric dipole and the magnetic dipole modes. The forward/backward scattering ratio reaches maximum value at the wavelengths satisfying the first Kerker’s condition. Experimentally, the femtosecond pulsed laser was employed to splash different-sized nanoparticles from a thin TiO2 film deposited on the glass substrate. Single particle scattering measurement in both the forward and backward direction was performed by a homemade confocal microscopic system, demonstrating the broadband forward scattering feature. Our research holds great promise for many applications such as light harvesting, photodetection and on-chip photonic devices and so on.

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40

Jang, Seonghyeon, Jeonggyu Kim, Greg M. McFarquhar, Sungmin Park, Seoung Soo Lee, Chang Hoon Jung, Sang Seo Park, Joo Wan Cha, Kyoungmi Lee, and Junshik Um. "Theoretical Calculations of Directional Scattering Intensities of Small Nonspherical Ice Crystals: Implications for Forward Scattering Probes." Remote Sensing 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 2795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14122795.

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In situ aircraft measurements of the sizes and concentrations of liquid cloud droplets and ice crystals with maximum dimensions (Dmax) less than ~50 μm have been measured mainly using forward scattering probes over the past half century. The operating principle of forward scattering probes is that the measured intensity of light scattered by a cloud particle at specific forward scattering angles can be related to the size of that particle assuming the shape and thermodynamic phase of the target are known. Current forward-scattering probes assume spherical liquid cloud droplets and use the Lorenz–Mie theory to convert the scattered light to particle size. Uncertainties in sizing ice crystals using forward scattering probes are unavoidable since the single-scattering properties of ice crystals differ from those of spherical liquid cloud droplets and because their shapes can vary. In this study, directional scattering intensities of four different aspect ratios (ARs = 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00) of hexagonal ice crystals with random orientations and of spherical liquid cloud droplets were calculated using the discrete dipole approximation (i.e., ADDA) and Lorenz–Mie code, respectively, to quantify the errors in sizing small ice crystals and cloud droplets using current forward scattering probes and to determine the ranges of optimal scattering angles that would be used in future forward scattering probes. The calculations showed that current forward scattering probes have average 5.0% and 17.4% errors in sizing liquid cloud droplets in the forward (4–12°) and backward (168–176°) direction, respectively. For measurements of hexagonal ice crystals, average sizing errors were 42.1% (23.9%) in the forward (backward) direction and depended on the ARs of hexagonal ice crystals, which are larger than those for liquid cloud droplets. A newly developed size conversion table based on the calculated single-scattering properties of hexagonal ice crystals using the ADDA reduced the sizing errors for the hexagonal ice crystals down to 14.2% (21.9%) in the forward (backward) direction. This study is a purely theoretical examination of the operating principle of forward scattering probes and there are several limitations, such as assumed hexagonal ice crystals with smooth surfaces and random orientations.

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41

Jacobsen, Rasmus E., Andrei V. Lavrinenko, and Samel Arslanagić. "Reconfigurable dielectric resonators with imbedded impedance surfaces—From enhanced and directional to suppressed scattering." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 8 (February 20, 2023): 081701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0139695.

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Resonant elements play a vital role in tailoring of the radiation and scattering properties of devices, such as antennas and functional material platforms. We presently demonstrate a simple resonator that supports a multitude of scattering states. The resonator is a hybrid structure consisting of a finite-height dielectric cylinder integrated with a concentric impedance surface. Given its simple configuration, we apply the classical Lorentz–Mie theory to analyze its scattering properties analytically. Through a careful tuning of its geometry, the resonator is found to support enhanced and directive scattering states as well as the suppressed scattering states also known as anapole states. A prototype of the resonator has been built and tested at microwave frequencies. It utilizes water as the dielectric and a metallic tube with periodic slits as the impedance surface. Exploiting the flexibility of water, the design is easily reconfigured for different scattering responses: fully filled, the resonator is found to scatter predominantly in the forward direction, whereas an anapole state emerges with significant reduction of scattering when the resonator is partially filled with water. Consequently, the proposed resonator may be of great interest within the broad area of antenna design and functional material platforms, encompassing not only the obvious microwave frequencies but also the THz- and optical domain using high-permittivity dielectrics and graphene/nano-particle surfaces.

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42

Kimes, Daniel, and W. Newcomb. "Directional Scattering Properties of a Wintering Deciduous Hardwood Canopy." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing GE-25, no. 4 (July 1987): 510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.1987.289864.

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43

Kajfez, D. "Scattering matrix of a directional coupler with ideal transformers." IEE Proceedings - Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 146, no. 4 (1999): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-map:19990692.

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44

Goodarzi, Majid, and Tavakol Pakizeh. "Directional optical absorption and scattering in conical plasmonic nanostructures." Optics Letters 44, no. 9 (April 19, 2019): 2212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.002212.

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45

Gillibert, Raymond, Mitradeep Sarkar, Jean-François Bryche, Ryohei Yasukuni, Julien Moreau, Mondher Besbes, Grégory Barbillon, Bernard Bartenlian, Michael Canva, and Marc Lamy de la Chapelle. "Directional surface enhanced Raman scattering on gold nano-gratings." Nanotechnology 27, no. 11 (February 12, 2016): 115202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/11/115202.

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46

Forestiere, Carlo, Giovanni Miano, Mariano Pascale, and Roberto Tricarico. "Directional scattering cancellation for an electrically large dielectric sphere." Optics Letters 44, no. 8 (April 8, 2019): 1972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.001972.

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47

Liu, Wei, Jianfa Zhang, Bing Lei, Haotong Ma, Wenke Xie, and Haojun Hu. "Ultra-directional forward scattering by individual core-shell nanoparticles." Optics Express 22, no. 13 (June 23, 2014): 16178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.016178.

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48

Grabar, Alexander A. "Directional light scattering by domain walls in uniaxial ferroelectrics." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 10, no. 10 (March 16, 1998): 2339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/10/10/014.

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49

Xu, S., X. Wu, W. Guo, and Z. Li. "Scattering characteristics of rectangular coaxial line branching directional coupler." IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters 3, no. 1 (January 1993): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/75.180673.

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50

Chen, Leihao, James J. C. Busfield, and Federico Carpi. "Electrically tunable directional light scattering from soft thin membranes." Optics Express 28, no. 14 (June 29, 2020): 20669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.392015.

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