Статті в журналах: "Direct aging"

1

Mattos, Carla. "Ras: structural details to guide direct targeting." Aging 7, no. 6 (May 30, 2015): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.100754.

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2

Hecksher, Tina, Niels Boye Olsen, and Jeppe C. Dyre. "Communication: Direct tests of single-parameter aging." Journal of Chemical Physics 142, no. 24 (June 28, 2015): 241103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4923000.

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3

Hofmann, Oliver, and Daniel J. Rixen. "Aging tolerant control of direct injection engines." Control Engineering Practice 77 (August 2018): 201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2018.06.002.

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4

Hardy, Cara C., Spencer R. Keilich, Andrew G. Harrison, Brittany E. Knight, Dylan S. Baker, and Phillip P. Smith. "The aging bladder phenotype is not the direct consequence of bladder aging." Neurourology and Urodynamics 38, no. 8 (August 26, 2019): 2121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nau.24149.

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5

Ling, Li-Shi-Bao, Zheng Yin, Zhi Hu, Jun Wang та Bao-De Sun. "Effects of the γ″-Ni3Nb Phase on Fatigue Behavior of Nickel-Based 718 Superalloys with Different Heat Treatments". Materials 12, № 23 (30 листопада 2019): 3979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233979.

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The effects of the γ″-Ni3Nb phase on fatigue behavior of nickel-based 718 superalloys with standard heat treatment, hot isostatic pressing + solution treatment + aging, and hot isostatic pressing + direct aging were investigated by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and fatigue experiments. The standard heat treatment, hot isostatic pressing + solution treatment + aging, and hot isostatic pressing + direct aging resulted in the formation of more and smaller γ″ phases in the matrix in the nickel-based 718 superalloys. However, the grain boundaries of the hot isostatic pressing + direct aging sample showed many relatively coarse disk-like γ″ phases with major axes of ~80 nm and minor axes of ~40 nm. The hot isostatic pressing + direct aging sample with a stress amplitude of 380 MPa showed the longest high cycle fatigue life of 5.16 × 105 cycles. Laves phases and carbide inclusions were observed in the crack initiation zone, and the cracks propagated along the acicular δ phases in the nickel-based 718 superalloys. The precipitation of fine γ″ phases in the matrix and relatively coarse γ″ phases in the grain boundaries of the hot isostatic pressing + direct aging sample can hinder the movement of dislocation.

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6

Kim, Eu Gene, Green Bae, Hye-Young Kwon, and Hyowon Yang. "Aging and direct medical costs of osteoporotic fractures." Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 39, no. 4 (January 8, 2021): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00774-020-01192-0.

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7

Rudkin, George, Timothy A. Miller, and West Los Angeles. "Aging Nasolabial Fold and Treatment by Direct Excision." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 104, no. 5 (October 1999): 1502–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199910000-00041.

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8

Rudkin, George, Timothy A. Miller, and Joel Pessa. "Aging Nasolabial Fold and Treatment by Direct Excision." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 104, no. 5 (October 1999): 1506–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199910000-00042.

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9

Danforth, Douglas R., Laura K. Arbogast, Jamil Mroueh, Moon H. Kim, Elizabeth A. Kennard, David B. Seifer, and Chad I. Friedman. "Dimeric inhibin: a direct marker of ovarian aging." Fertility and Sterility 70, no. 1 (July 1998): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00127-7.

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10

Buzzanca, M., V. Carchiolo, A. Longheu, M. Malgeri, and G. Mangioni. "Direct trust assignment using social reputation and aging." Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 8, no. 2 (September 30, 2016): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12652-016-0413-0.

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11

Gkaliagkousi, Eugenia, Antonios Lazaridis, Soner Dogan, Emil Fraenkel, Bilge Guvenc Tuna, Ioana Mozos, Milica Vukicevic, Ozlem Yalcin, and Kristina Gopcevic. "Theories and Molecular Basis of Vascular Aging: A Review of the Literature from VascAgeNet Group on Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Vascular Aging." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 8672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23158672.

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Vascular aging, characterized by structural and functional alterations of the vascular wall, is a hallmark of aging and is tightly related to the development of cardiovascular mortality and age-associated vascular pathologies. Over the last years, extensive and ongoing research has highlighted several sophisticated molecular mechanisms that are involved in the pathophysiology of vascular aging. A more thorough understanding of these mechanisms could help to provide a new insight into the complex biology of this non-reversible vascular process and direct future interventions to improve longevity. In this review, we discuss the role of the most important molecular pathways involved in vascular ageing including oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, extracellular matrix metalloproteinases activity, epigenetic regulation, telomere shortening, senescence and autophagy.

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12

Cerri, Emanuela, and Emanuele Ghio. "Aging Profiles of AlSi7Mg0.6 and AlSi10Mg0.3 Alloys Manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion: Direct Aging versus T6." Materials 15, no. 17 (September 3, 2022): 6126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15176126.

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The artificial aging heat treatments performed directly on as-built and solubilized AlSi7Mg0.6 and AlSi10Mg0.3 samples were characterized and discussed. The analysed bars and billets (height of 300 mm) were manufactured via the Laser Powder-Bed Fusion process on a build platform heated at 150 °C. Therefore, its influence on the as-built samples was studied in terms of mechanical performance variations between the bottom and top regions. Vickers microhardness measurements were performed to obtain aging profiles after direct aging (175–225 °C) and T6 heat treatments and to highlight better time and temperature parameters to optimize the mechanical properties of both alloys. SEM observations were used to characterize the microstructure before and after the heat treatments and its influence on the fracture mechanisms. Generally, the direct aging heat treatments show the same effects on both aluminium alloys, unlike the solubilization at 505 °C followed by artificial aging at 175 °C. The strengths vs. elongation values obtained after the direct aging treatments are better than those exhibited by T6 as highlighted by the quality index.

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13

Cocca, M., L. D'Arienzo, and L. D'Orazio. "Effects of Different Artificial Agings on Structure and Properties of Whatman Paper Samples." ISRN Materials Science 2011 (July 13, 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/863083.

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With the aim at controlling cellulose degradation phenomena, the natural aging of Whatman paper samples was simulated through different artificial aging processes: thermal oxidation in air at constant temperature, photo-oxidation under Xenon arc lamp, accelerating ageing in climatic chamber, and chemical oxidation with sodium methaperiodate. The cellulose degradation was studied by means of viscosimetric, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) techniques together with thermogravimetric (TGA), mechanical, and optical analyses. All the treatments carried out were found to significantly modify paper structure and properties, the extent of the deterioration effects depending upon the aging kind. Direct correlations were, nevertheless, assessed among level of cellulose molecular degradation, formation of carboxyl, and/or carbonyl groups and paper strain at break.

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14

Best, Benjamin P. "Nuclear DNA Damage as a Direct Cause of Aging." Rejuvenation Research 12, no. 3 (June 2009): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/rej.2009.0847.

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15

Pande, Ashwary, Salil Sainis, Santhosh Rajaraman, Geetha Manivasagam та M. Nageswara Rao. "Influence of Rate of Heating to Aging Temperature on Precipitation Hardening in a Metastable β Titanium Alloy". Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (вересень 2014): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.445.

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A comparison between slow heating to aging temperature and direct charging at aging temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties obtained after the aging was established for the metastable beta (β) titanium alloy Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn. The alloy was subjected to two single aging (SA) and two duplex aging (DA) conditions, with two heating rates to aging temperature: (i) low heating rate of 5 oC/min (ii) direct charging into a furnace heated to aging temperature. The microstructure analysis was carried out using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. Mechanical Testing was carried to evaluate Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), 0.2% Yield Strength (YS), % Elongation (%El.), % Reduction in area (%RA) and hardness. In the case of SA samples aged at 500 °C for 8 h and 500 °C for 10 h, heating rate of 5 °C/min to aging temperature resulted in a finer microstructure but did not help in achieving better strength-ductility combination compared to direct charging. Lower rate of heating allows enough dwell time in the temperature range 250-300 oC for pre-precipitation reaction to occur which aids in fine scale precipitation of alpha phase during aging. In the case of DA samples aged at 250 oC for 24 h followed by 500 oC for 8 h and 300 oC for 10 h followed by 500 oC for 10 h, no tangible difference between lower rate of heating and direct charging was observed in mechanical properties or microstructure. This is believed to be due to the pre-aging steps 250 oC/24 h or 300 oC/10h in the two DA treatments, which create finely distributed precursors thereby leaving no scope for the heating rate to play a role.

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16

Ling, Li-Shi-Bao, Zheng Yin, Zhi Hu, Jin-Hui Liang, Zhi-Yong Wang, Jun Wang та Bao-De Sun. "Effects of the γ″-Ni3Nb Phase on Mechanical Properties of Inconel 718 Superalloys with Different Heat Treatments". Materials 13, № 1 (31 грудня 2019): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010151.

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The effects of the γ″-Ni3Nb phase on the mechanical properties of Inconel 718 superalloys, with standard heat treatment, hot isostatic pressing + solution treatment + aging, and hot isostatic pressing + direct aging, were characterized by morphological observation, X-ray diffraction, and tensile experiments. The results of the morphological observation revealed that many fine γ″ precipitates of ~26.49 ± 1.82 nm in mean size were formed in all samples. However, the relatively coarser γ″ precipitates formed in the grain boundaries were only observed in the sample treated with hot isostatic pressing + direct aging. The yield strengths of the hot isostatic pressing + direct aging sample at room temperature and at 650 °C both exhibited the maximum values about 993 ± 5.7 and 811 ± 12.6 MPa, respectively. The γ″ precipitate was considered to be the dominant strengthening phase in the sample according to the lattice misfits (ε) of γ/γ″. The strengthening mechanism of the samples can be explained as the coherency strain strengthening of fine γ″ precipitates. Moreover, due to the coarser γ″ precipitates in the grain boundaries, dislocation-cut ordered particle strengthening also occurred in the sample after hot isostatic pressing + direct aging treatment.

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17

Fisk, Arthur D., and Wendy A. Rogers. "Psychology and Aging: Enhancing the Lives of an Aging Population." Current Directions in Psychological Science 11, no. 3 (June 2002): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00179.

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A pressing need for upcoming decades is ensuring that older adults, who constitute an increasing percentage of the population, are able to function independently and maintain an acceptable quality of life. One important concern is the usability of new technologies. Unfortunately, the science that could direct proper design and implementation of current and future technological advancement is underdeveloped and less mature than the engineering that supports technological advancement. We review data documenting age-related usability issues and how psychological science can remedy such problems. We also outline how training principles can be applied to older adults. We conclude that psychological science has much to contribute to the goal of enhancing the lives of older adults.

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18

Prevot, Vincent, Fanny Langlet, and Benedicte Dehouck. "Flipping the tanycyte switch: how circulating signals gain direct access to the metabolic brain." Aging 5, no. 5 (May 11, 2013): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.100557.

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19

Jiang, Hong, Wenqing Chen, Lihui Qu, Ying Chen, Qiang He, Huiping Wang, Jianyong Wu, Zhangfei Shou, Zhenyu Ju, and Jianghua Chen. "ELISA for Aging Biomarkers Induced by Telomere Dysfunction in Human Plasma." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/121947.

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Background. We identified cathelicidin related antimicrobial protein (CRAMP) secreted from telomere dysfunctional bone marrow cells of late generation telomerase knockout mice (G4mTerc−/−), increased in blood and various tissues. It can represented human aging and disease. The main aim of this study is to investigate the sensitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to analyze the human aging and disease in plasma and the detailed methods to quantify the direct ELISA of these aging biomarkers.Methods. Telomere lengths of 50 healthy persons are measured with real-time PCR in blood cells. Plasma samples from all subjects are analyzed using direct ELISA.Results. From 25 years old person to 78 years, the telomere length becomes shorter during aging. In blood plasma, the expression levels of CRAMP increases during human aging. There is the reverse correspondence between the telomere length and the plasma CRAMP level. We also find that the fresh plasma, the frozen plasma which thawed less than 3 times, and the plasma kept in the room temperature less than 3 hours are better for the ELISA analyze of CRAMP in the plasma.Conclusion. This CRAMP ELISA could become a powerful tool for investigating the relationship between human aging and telomere length shortening.

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20

Liu, Yi, Hui Chen, Ping Dong, Guohua Xie, Yunlan Zhou, Yanhui Ma, Xiangliang Yuan та ін. "KIF23 activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through direct interaction with Amer1 in gastric cancer". Aging 12, № 9 (4 травня 2020): 8372–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.103146.

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21

Wang, Y., Y. C. Chan, Z. L. Gui, and L. T. Li. "The influence of direct current bias on the initial aging of a doped lead magnesium niobate ceramic." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 3 (March 1998): 675–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0084.

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The initial dielectric aging behaviors of a Mg and Mn doped lead magnesium niobate ceramic were investigated over a wide range of direct current (dc) bias. Both the dielectric constant-log(time) and the loss tangent-log(time) were regressed in terms of a linear relationship. The dc bias is found to have a strong influence on the dielectric parameters at the start of aging and to suppress the aging of dielectric constant and loss tangent. The frequency dependence of the dielectric aging is also evidently affected by the dc bias.

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22

Hui, Qiong, Xiang Yi Xue, Hong Chao Kou, Min Jie Lai, Bin Tang та Jin Shan Li. "Phase Transformation and Microstructure Evolution in Near-β Ti-7333 Titanium Alloy during Aging". Materials Science Forum 747-748 (лютий 2013): 904–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.747-748.904.

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A newly near-β titanium alloy Ti-7Mo-3Cr-3Nb-3Al (Ti-7333) was subjected to β phase solution treatment and ageing in the present work. The characteristics of α phase transformation in ageing treatment were studied. Results show that isothermal aging at a low temperature (350) will result in lots of ω particles with small size homogeneously distributing in the parent phase. These ω particles can act as nucleation sites for α phase and lead to the uniform precipitation of fine α phase within the β grain after further ageing treatment. However, when ageing at a higher temperature, the α phase tends to precipitate direct from the β matrix and the morphology of α phase is determined by the temperature and period of ageing treatment. After aging at 550 for 5min, acicular α phase precipitates in the β grains as well as along β grain boundaries and the size and quantity of α phase increase with the holding time. Note that Ti-7333 alloy has a quick ageing response. When aging at 700 for 1h, coarser α laths precipitate both on the grain boundary and within the grain. Increase the ageing temperature to 800, α phase precipitates within the β grain as short rod-like morphology. It is suggested that the driving force for α phase nucleation and the amount of defects in the intragranular decrease with the increasing of temperature, leading to the grain boundaries become the prior nucleation sites. Substantial α phase precipitate-free regions adjacent to β grain boundaries remained after ageing at 700 for 1h due to the rejection of β-stabilizer from coarse α lath on β grain boundaries. Aging at 800 for 1h resulted in pronounced continuous α-films along β grain boundaries.

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23

Fu, Shu Hong, Zhao Li, Ya Zhou Zhang, and Tao Wang. "Long Time Stability of Direct Aging GH4169G Alloy Forging Disc after Thermal Exposure at 650°C." Materials Science Forum 1072 (October 25, 2022): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-nk84f2.

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An isothermal aging study was carried out on direct aging GH4169G alloy forging disk for up to 10000 hours at 650°C. The evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy were systematically studied via scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and physicochemical phase analysis. The results show that the size of main strengthening phases γ′′ and γ′ in GH4169G alloy direct aging disk increases gradually, while their quantity decreases with prolonging aging time. The total amount of γ′′ and γ′ is 14.1% at as-heat treated condition, which decreases by 3.1% at 10000h. The amount of δ phase increases gradually, and the content of δ phase reaches 5.4% at 10000h, which increases nearly twice. The α-Cr phase adjacent to the δ phase on the grain boundaries shows a parabolic increase in its content, and reaches 2.231% at 10000h. The yield strength, stress rupture life shows varying degrees of reductions as prolonging thermal aging time.

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24

Howard, Darlene V., Astrid F. Fry, and Caitlin M. Brune. "Aging and memory for new associations: Direct versus indirect measures." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 17, no. 4 (July 1991): 779–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.17.4.779.

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25

Donato, Anthony J., Iratxe Eskurza, Annemarie E. Silver, Adam S. Levy, Gary L. Pierce, Phillip E. Gates, and Douglas R. Seals. "Direct Evidence of Endothelial Oxidative Stress With Aging in Humans." Circulation Research 100, no. 11 (June 8, 2007): 1659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.res.0000269183.13937.e8.

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26

Teixeira, Maraiza Alves, Marilisa De Feudis, Simone Reano, Tommaso Raiteri, Andrea Scircoli, Ivan Zaggia, Sara Ruga, et al. "Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) has a direct protective activity against interleukin 6-induced atrophy in C2C12 myotubes." Aging 13, no. 4 (February 22, 2021): 4895–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.202669.

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27

Li, Qing, Jiangtao Liu, Yanli Jia, Tingting Li, and Mei Zhang. "miR-623 suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion through direct inhibition of XRCC5 in breast cancer." Aging 12, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 10246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.103182.

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28

Wang, Yong Wei, Lu Yi Yang, Wei You, and Bing Zhe Bai. "The Influence of Deformation Condition on Microstructure and Properties of GH4169 Alloy." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3003.

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The influence of temperature, strain rate, strain on mechanical parameters and microstructure evolution in isothermal deformation of GH4169 alloy were investigated. Lower resistance is obtained under higher temperature and or lower strain rate. However, coarser microstructure also is gained under such condition. The tensile property at room temperature and elevated temperature, permanent properties at elevated temperature of the GH4169 alloy with the treatment of “direct aging after isothermal deformation” are better than those of the same alloy with the treatment of solid-solution+direct aging after isothermal deformation. Isothermal forming was undertaken for a 1/4 size simulated part of a kind of turbo disk of an aviation engine. Its external is fine and the microstructure of the material was fine and homogeneous for both straightly after forming and after direct aging.

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29

Ebbing, Karsten, Armin von Gunten, Vincent Guinchat, Dan Georgescu, Taree Bersier, Djamel Moad, and Henk Verloo. "Barriers Facing Direct Support Professionals When Supporting Older Adults Presenting with Intellectual Disabilities and Unusual Dementia-Related Behavior: A Multi-Site, Multi-Methods Study." Disabilities 2, no. 4 (November 1, 2022): 662–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/disabilities2040047.

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Introduction: Increased life expectancy among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) raises the risk of their diagnosis being superimposed by behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). The difficulties facing direct support professionals dealing with this is an emerging, under-investigated issue. The study investigates direct support professionals’ perceptions and experiences of their daily support for aging people with ID presenting with superimposed BPSD. Method: Twenty-four direct support professionals from long-term care facilities responded to clinical vignettes and attended focus groups conducted to investigate perceptions and lived experiences of the barriers and struggles they faced. Results: Direct support professionals’ reactions to vignettes revealed their difficulties recognizing BPSD superimposed on the known challenging behaviors of people with ID. Focus groups highlighted daily struggles with BPSD, the lack of knowledge about detecting and dealing with them, and associated somatic and psychopathological diseases of aging. Conclusion: Improved knowledge transfer about good practices for person-centered support to aging people with ID presenting with BPSD is strongly recommended.

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Zhang, Qitao, Feriel Presswalla, Robin R. Ali, David N. Zacks, Debra A. Thompson, and Jason ML Miller. "Pharmacologic activation of autophagy without direct mTOR inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for treating dry macular degeneration." Aging 13, no. 8 (April 19, 2021): 10866–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.202974.

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Stiklioraitis, Kostas, Simas Stiklioraitis, Liveta Sereikaitė, Monika Jasinskaitė, Žilvinas Krivickas, and Ali Aldujeli. "SARCOPENIA OF AGING." Health Sciences 31, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35988/sm-hs.2021.069.

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Background. Sarcopenia is an age-related condition, defined by the muscle decline, impaired physical function, and deterioration in muscle tissue quality. The main cause for the interest of Sarcopenia is the apparent association of this disease with patient morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and deterioration in the quality of life. The purpose of this review is to present a brief account of some age-related biological changes that may contribute to Sarcopenia. Materials and methods. We reviewed the literature based on data from Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, Science Direct, and CAIRN. The research was done on articles in English or French, published before the 31st of December 2019. The research was based on the following Mesh headings (Medical Subject Headings): “sarcopenia” AND “aging” OR “muscle loss”. Conclusions. A multitude of etiological factors influences the aging-associated deterioration of muscle mass and function that constitute Sarcopenia, such as imbalanced protein synthesis and degradation, decreasing anabolic hormones, inflammation, and age-related morphological changes, which are described in the review. In the future, research might be conducted for identifying specific biomarkers, which may lead to an opportunity to assess and monitor the disease non-invasively, granting possibilities for a more efficient therapeutic approach.

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Kim, Seoyoun, and Patricia A. Thomas. "Direct and Indirect Pathways From Social Support to Health?" Journals of Gerontology: Series B 74, no. 6 (July 4, 2017): 1072–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbx084.

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Abstract Objectives We aimed to investigate potential direct and indirect pathways linking social support and health, while considering mental health and chronic inflammation as inter-related outcomes. The study also contributes to the literature through testing potential bidirectional relationships between social support, mental health, and chronic inflammation. Methods This study uses Structural Equation Modeling and two waves of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), including 1,124 community-living older adults aged 57–85 years at Wave 1 (2005). Results Analyses show that social support influenced mental health indirectly through better self-esteem. Moreover, social support was associated with lower levels of chronic inflammation but chronic inflammation did not influence social support. Discussion The growing number of older adults with an aging population urgently calls for a greater understanding of factors influencing their physical and mental health. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of social support in older adults’ health, while specifically focusing on understudied indirect pathways from social support to health.

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33

Naoum, Steven, Elizabeth Martin, and Ayman Ellakwa. "Long-Term Fluoride Exchanges at Restoration Surfaces and Effects on Surface Mechanical Properties." ISRN Dentistry 2013 (August 19, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/579039.

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Aim. The aim of the study was to determine whether three fluoride containing resin composites could maintain fluoride release, fluoride recharge, and mechanical stability over long-term (18-month) aging. Materials and Methods. Fluoride containing composites Beautifil II, Gradia Direct X, Tetric EvoCeram, and glass ionomer Fuji IX Extra were analyzed. Specimens of each material were fabricated for two test groups: Group 1: bimonthly fluoride release/recharge analysis (); Group 2: hardness and elastic modulus analysis (). Nanoindentation was employed at 24 hours and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. After 18 months, each specimen was immersed (recharged) in 5000 ppm NaF gel, and fluoride rerelease, hardness, and elastic modulus were measured. Results. Beautifil II and Gradia Direct X maintained fluoride release and recharge capability throughout 18-month aging (Beautifil II > Gradia Direct X > Tetric EvoCeram). The fluoride rerelease from Beautifil II following a 10-minute NaF recharge (at 18 months) was comparable to the long-term fluoride release from Fuji IX Extra. Elastic modulus and hardness did not change significantly () with fluoride release, recharge, and water aging over 18 months for all three analyzed composites. Conclusions. The long-term fluoride release, fluoride recharge, and mechanical property stability of Beautifil II and Gradia Direct X render these composites suitable for load bearing restorations in high caries risk patients. Clinical Relevance. The ability for Beautifil II and Gradia Direct X to maintain fluoride release and fluoride recharge capability, despite long-term aging, raises the potential for unrestored tooth surfaces in contact with Beautifil II or Gradia Direct X restorations to demonstrate a reduced rate of caries incidence compared to unrestored surfaces adjacent to conventional nonfluoride containing composites.

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Tonelli, Lavinia, Erica Liverani, Alessandro Morri, and Lorella Ceschini. "Role of Direct Aging and Solution Treatment on Hardness, Microstructure and Residual Stress of the A357 (AlSi7Mg0.6) Alloy Produced by Powder Bed Fusion." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 52, no. 4 (May 19, 2021): 2484–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-021-02179-6.

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AbstractApplying additive manufacturing (AM) technologies to the fabrication of aluminum automotive components, with an optimized design, may result in improved vehicle light weighting. However, the post-process heat treatment of such alloys has to be customized for the particular AM microstructure. The present study is aimed at investigating the effect of different heat treatments on the microstructure, hardness and residual stress of the A357 (AlSi7Mg0.6) heat-treatable alloy produced by laser-based powder bed fusion (LPBF, also known as selective laser melting). There are two major issues to be addressed: (1) relieving the internal residual stress resulting from the process and (2) strengthening the alloy with a customized heat treatment. Therefore, stress-relief annealing treatment, direct aging of the as-built alloy and a redesigned T6 treatment (consisting of a shortened high-temperature solution treatment followed by artificial aging) were examined. Comparable hardness values were reached in the LPBF alloy with optimized direct aging and T6 treatments, but complete relief of the residual stress was obtained only with T6. Microstructural analyses also suggested that, because of the supersaturated solid solution, different phenomena were involved in direct aging and T6 treatment.

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35

Luzzi, D. E. "Direct imaging of segregation layers in Bi-doped Cu grain boundaries." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (August 1990): 318–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100174722.

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Upon aging of a quenched-in super-saturated alloy at lower temperatures, the Bi segregates to the grain boundaries and ebritt1ement and faceting occur. Recent data suggest that the distribution of facet orientations for Σ = 3 misorientation grains evolves with aging at 600 C with a preference for the eventual formation of (-111)|(1-11) facets. Whereas the concentration of Bi on the facets and the macroscopic orientation of the facets has been established, little is known about the structure of these facets on the atomistic scale. In this abstract, the summarized results from a detailed analysis of the internal structure of a Σ = 3 (-111)|(1-11) grain boundary facet is presented and contrasted with the structure of a Σ = 3 (111) twin.

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Myrold, Benedikte, Ola Jensrud, and Knut Erik Snilsberg. "The Influence of Quench Interruption and Direct Artificial Aging on the Hardening Response in AA6082 during Hot Deformation and In-Die Quenching." Metals 10, no. 7 (July 11, 2020): 935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10070935.

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The automotive industry is searching for lightweight solutions to meet emission regulations. Development of an integrated hot forming and in-die quenching process will leverage use of age-hardenable aluminum alloys with high specific strength for applications in volume car manufacturing. Quench interruption and direct artificial aging may reduce the cycle time in a die-quenching process. However, this alters the temperature exposure of the part and results in an altered precipitation and clustering sequence during hardening. To investigate the effect of modified precipitation and clustering on mechanical properties, the process has been simulated by application of a water-cooled compression tool to control the combination of a temperature drop and simultaneous deformation prior to aging. Extruded 4.6 mm thick AA6082 profiles were deformed during different quenching rates and directly transferred to subsequent artificial aging from various temperatures between room temperature and 200 °C. The results indicate insignificant changes of strength and elongation after direct aging from 200 °C compared to specimens cooled to room temperature before aging.

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Faragher, Richard GA, Anne McArdle, Alison Willows, and Elizabeth L. Ostler. "Senescence in the aging process." F1000Research 6 (July 25, 2017): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10903.1.

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The accumulation of ‘senescent’ cells has long been proposed to act as an ageing mechanism. These cells display a radically altered transcriptome and degenerative phenotype compared with their growing counterparts. Tremendous progress has been made in recent years both in understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling entry into the senescent state and in the direct demonstration that senescent cells act as causal agents of mammalian ageing. The challenges now are to gain a better understanding of how the senescent cell phenotype varies between different individuals and tissues, discover how senescence predisposes to organismal frailty, and develop mechanisms by which the deleterious effects of senescent cells can be ameliorated.

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Peng, Jianfei, Min Hu, Song Guo, Zhuofei Du, Jing Zheng, Dongjie Shang, Misti Levy Zamora, et al. "Markedly enhanced absorption and direct radiative forcing of black carbon under polluted urban environments." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 16 (March 28, 2016): 4266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602310113.

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Black carbon (BC) exerts profound impacts on air quality and climate because of its high absorption cross-section over a broad range of electromagnetic spectra, but the current results on absorption enhancement of BC particles during atmospheric aging remain conflicting. Here, we quantified the aging and variation in the optical properties of BC particles under ambient conditions in Beijing, China, and Houston, United States, using a novel environmental chamber approach. BC aging exhibits two distinct stages, i.e., initial transformation from a fractal to spherical morphology with little absorption variation and subsequent growth of fully compact particles with a large absorption enhancement. The timescales to achieve complete morphology modification and an absorption amplification factor of 2.4 for BC particles are estimated to be 2.3 h and 4.6 h, respectively, in Beijing, compared with 9 h and 18 h, respectively, in Houston. Our findings indicate that BC under polluted urban environments could play an essential role in pollution development and contribute importantly to large positive radiative forcing. The variation in direct radiative forcing is dependent on the rate and timescale of BC aging, with a clear distinction between urban cities in developed and developing countries, i.e., a higher climatic impact in more polluted environments. We suggest that mediation in BC emissions achieves a cobenefit in simultaneously controlling air pollution and protecting climate, especially for developing countries.

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Krishna, S. Chenna, Narendra Kumar Gangwar, Abhay K. Jha, Bhanu Pant, and P. V. Venkitakrishnan. "On the direct aging of iron based superalloy hot rolled plates." Materials Science and Engineering: A 648 (November 2015): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2015.09.073.

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Hafenstein, S., and E. Werner. "Direct aging of a hot isostatically pressed A356 aluminum cast alloy." Materials Science and Engineering: A 768 (December 2019): 138417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.138417.

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41

Raposo, Joseph A., Vijay P. Singh, John C. McClure, Raymond G. Bell, and Jonathan W. Mayo. "Current transport and aging in direct-current powder electroluminescent display devices." Journal of the Society for Information Display 1, no. 4 (1993): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1889/1.1984893.

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Rolland, Arnaud, Karim Benzarti, Marc Quiertant, and Sylvain Chataigner. "Accelerated Aging Behavior in Alkaline Environments of GFRP Reinforcing Bars and Their Bond with Concrete." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 5700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195700.

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This study investigates the durability of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bars (rebars) and their bond in concrete. Accelerated aging tests were first conducted on bare rebars that were either subjected to direct immersion in an alkaline solution or previously embedded in concrete before immersion in the solution (indirect immersion). Accelerated aging was conducted at different temperatures of the solution (20 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C) and for various periods up to 240 days. Residual tensile properties were determined for rebars subjected to direct immersion and served as input data of a predictive Arrhenius model. A large decrease in the residual tensile strength assigned to the alkali-attack of glass fibers was extrapolated in the long term, suggesting that direct immersion is very severe compared to actual service conditions. Short-beam tests were also performed on rebars conditioned under direct/indirect immersion conditions, but did not reveal any significant evolution of the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). In a second part, bond tests were performed on pull-out specimens after immersion in the alkaline solution at different temperatures, in order to assess possible changes in the concrete/GFRP bond properties over aging. Results showed antagonistic effects, with an initial increase in bond strength assigned to a confinement effect of the rebar resulting from changes in the concrete properties over aging, followed by a decreasing trend possibly resulting from interfacial degradation. Complementary characterizations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were also carried out to evaluate the effects of aging on the physical/microstructural properties of GFRPs.

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Zhou, Wenlu, Qiang Lu, and Yanping Zheng. "Review on the Selection of Health Indicator for Lithium Ion Batteries." Machines 10, no. 7 (June 24, 2022): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10070512.

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Scientifically and accurately predicting the state of health (SOH) and remaining useful life (RUL) of batteries is the key technology of automotive battery management systems. The selection of the health indicator (HI) that characterizes battery aging affects the accuracy of the prediction model construction, which in turn affects the accuracy of SOH and RUL estimation. Therefore, this paper analyzes the current status of HI selection for lithium-ion batteries by systematically reviewing the existing literature on the selection of HIs. According to the relationship between HI and battery aging, battery HI can be divided into two categories: direct HI and indirect HI. The capacity and internal resistance of the battery can directly represent the aging degree of the battery and are the direct HIs of the battery. Indirect HIs refer to characteristic parameters extracted from battery charge and discharge data that can characterize the degree of battery aging. This paper analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various HIs and indirect HIs commonly used in current research, providing useful support and reference for future researchers in selecting HIs to characterize battery aging. Finally, in view of the capacity regeneration phenomenon in the aging process of the battery, the selection direction of future HI is proposed.

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Kaewanuchit, Chonticha, and Yothin Sawangdee. "The comparison of causal relationships of job stress between Thai immigrant employees with and without rearing their aging parents." Journal of Health Research 32, no. 3 (May 14, 2018): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhr-05-2018-027.

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Purpose The occupational stress is a disadvantage resulting in mental health illnesses that have been found when looking at those migrants who were young adults and migrated to work in the urban areas, leaving behind their aging parents to live alone at home. The purpose of this paper is to compare the causal relationships of job stress between Thai immigrant employees with and without rearing aging parents. Design/methodology/approach The research was a cross-sectional survey. The sample for this study included 600 Thai immigrant employees (300 cases per group) in 2016. Measures included individual characteristics, working conditions, and a Thai Job Content Questionnaire (Thai-JCQ) on related job stress. The model was verified using a path model by Mplus software. Findings The distance traveled between the house and the workplace, wages, working conditions had a direct effect on job stress. Working conditions among Thai immigrants employees with rearing aging parents had the most direct effect on job stress with a standardized regression weight of 0.552 (p-value <0.05) as well as working conditions among their without rearing aging parents had the most direct effect on job stress with a standardized regression weight of −0.292. Originality/value This research demonstrated that working conditions were an important factor.

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Rogers, Wendy A., Aideen J. Stronge, and Arthur D. Fisk. "Technology and Aging." Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics 1, no. 1 (June 2005): 130–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/155723405783703028.

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Technological advancements have become widespread, and their implementation into products of everyday use is accelerating. Technology has the potential to improve the lives of older adults by increasing their safety, security, and independence in daily life. However, too often older adults' capabilities and limitations are not considered in the design of current and future technologies. In 1990, the National Research Council identified the importance of human factors in the design of technology for an aging population. The goal of this chapter is to review research on aging and technology since that report to determine the contributions of human factors research to issues of aging and technology design. In this chapter we address the extent to which older adults use new technologies, factors to consider in the adoption of technology (e.g., attitudes), the influence of technology design on older adults' performance (e.g., design of input devices), and ways to optimize training for older adults in using new technologies (e.g., age-specific instructional designs). We then review emerging areas of research that may direct the focus of human factors research in the next decade. These areas of research include ubiquitous computing (e.g., home monitoring systems), health care technologies (e.g., telehealth), robotics (e.g., Nursebot), and automated systems (e.g., cruise control). Finally, we consider opportunities and challenges to human factors research as the field continues to address the questions of optimizing technology for older adult users.

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Wang, Wen Qiang, Yi Kui Mo, Hua Yan He, and Hua Yan Zeng. "Aging Effects on Pavement Performance of Asphalt Mortar." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.247.

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In this paper, asphalt and asphalt mortar are aged in different periods of time by pressure aging vessel (PAV). Systematic tests are made on aged asphalt and asphalt mortar of different aging levels to gain performance indexes such as dynamic shear modulus, phase angle, bending creep stiffness under low temperature, bending creep rate under low temperature, direct tension tensile strength and direct tension failure strain. These indexes are then used to analyze the relationship and regularity between asphalt mortar’ test indexes and high temperature stability, fatigue resistance and anti-cracking performance under low temperature. The test results show that asphalt mortar’ high temperature stability is strengthened as the aging time is prolonged, that the asphalt mortar’ fatigue resistance is reduced when the temperature drops, and that anti-cracking performance under low temperature is weakened when the aging time is extended. In addition, cracking under low temperature was more liable to occur when fine ores are added. As the brittle point tends to increase when the temperature gets lower, cracking is more likely to occur on the asphalt mortar.

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Melov, Simon. "Geroscience approaches to increase healthspan and slow aging." F1000Research 5 (April 29, 2016): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7583.1.

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For decades, researchers in the biology of aging have focused on defining mechanisms that modulate aging by primarily studying a single metric, sometimes described as the “gold standard” lifespan. Increasingly, geroscience research is turning towards defining functional domains of aging such as the cardiovascular system, skeletal integrity, and metabolic health as being a more direct route to understand why tissues decline in function with age. Each model used in aging research has strengths and weaknesses, yet we know surprisingly little about how critical tissues decline in health with increasing age. Here I discuss popular model systems used in geroscience research and their utility as possible tools in preclinical studies in aging.

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Rogina, B., and S. L. Helfand. "Regulation of gene expression is linked to life span in adult Drosophila." Genetics 141, no. 3 (November 1, 1995): 1043–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/141.3.1043.

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Abstract Examination of gene expression and aging in adult Drosophila reveals that the expression of some genes is regulated by age-dependent mechanisms. Genetic mutations, Hyperkinetic and Shaker, which are known to shorten life span through an acceleration of the aging process, were used to study the expression of an enhancer trap marked gene. The temporal pattern of expression for such a marked gene shows scaling with respect to life span; it is altered in direct proportion to the life expectancy of the adult animal. This demonstrates that expression of this gene is controlled through mechanisms coupled to physiologic as opposed to chronologic age. Results provide direct evidence for linkage between the regulation of gene expression and life span and establish a model system for the genetic analysis of aging.

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Lee, Jin Young, Kyung-Rok Yu, Hyung-Sik Kim, Insung Kang, Jae-Jun Kim, Byung-Chul Lee, Soon Won Choi, Ji-Hee Shin, Yoojin Seo, and Kyung-Sun Kang. "BMI1 inhibits senescence and enhances the immunomodulatory properties of human mesenchymal stem cells via the direct suppression of MKP-1/DUSP1." Aging 8, no. 8 (July 28, 2016): 1670–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.101000.

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O'Riordan, F., J. Murphy, G. Egan, C. Murphy, and E. Ahern. "47 DOSING OF DIRECT ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS IN OLDER ADULTS." Age and Ageing 50, Supplement_3 (November 2021): ii9—ii41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab219.47.

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Abstract Background Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are approved for a variety of uses including prevention of stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and treatment and prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Adjustment to DOAC dosing may be required for age, weight and renal impairment. Incorrect lower dosing puts patients at risk of thromboembolic events whereas inappropriate higher dosing increases the risk of bleeding. We compared current DOAC dosing for patients admitted to our hospital and compare this against HSE best practice to determine if patients were receiving the correct dose [1]. Methods A prospective single-centre study. Patients admitted to our hospital following a fracture and reviewed by the Orthogeriatric team between August–October 2020 were eligible for inclusion. We recorded admission DOAC dose, age, weight and renal function. We also obtained data including sex and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Results Thirty-one patients were included. Mean age was 86 years [range 66–99] and 21(68%) were female. Apixaban was the most commonly used DOAC; 25(81%). Stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation was the most common DOAC indication; 29(93%). Twelve patients (39%) had an inappropriate DOAC dose prescribed. Eight patients (67%) had an inappropriately low dose and 4 patients (33%) had an inappropriately high dose. The mean CFS was 5 [Range 2–7] classifying our cohort as mildly frail. Conclusion Our study has shown that over one-third of our patients were on an inappropriate DOAC dose on admission with the majority (67%) due to under-dosing. Many factors may have influenced dosing choices by clinicians but our findings highlight the challenges in dosing, monitoring and the overall management of DOAC therapy in older people. Further studies and research are required to establish the most accurate and effective dosing strategies for DOACs in older adults. Reference 1. Health Service Executive [Internet]. Ireland ‘Anticoagulation Prescribing Tips’ https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/publications/clinical-strategy-and-programmes/noac-prescribing-tips-for-noacs.pdf.

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