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1
Al-Ali, A. R., M. T. Abuelma'atti, and A. Shabra. "An OTA-Based Digital-To-Analog Converter." Active and Passive Electronic Components 16, no. 3-4 (1994): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/21258.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A simple circuit for implementing a current-switching digital-to-analog converter is presented. The circuit uses operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) for switching a number of equal-value current sources. An R-2R ladder attenuator is used to scale the currents in a binary form. Experimental results show good performance.
2
Setiawan, Antonius Singgih, and Lina Lina. "Keputusan afiliasi OTA dan kinerja Hotel: Studi Pada Hotel Berafiliasi." Journal of Business and Information Systems (e-ISSN: 2685-2543) 2, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36067/jbis.v2i2.76.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At present, the hotel industry is at a very dynamic level of competition. The intense competition requires hotel managemet to implement the right strategy. One strategy that must be implemented is a digital marketing strategy. Digital marketing strategy is a choice of strategies that are developing at this time. However, the development of hotel marketing practices through digital marketing has not been much followed by research developments in the field of digital marketing in the hotel industry. Therefore, this study aims to prove whether the hotel's decision to implement a digital marketing strategy by affiliating with an online travel agent (OTA) will achieve better performance. The research uses exploratory quantitative methods. Using data collected from 65 respondents who are hotel owners/managers, the data is processed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that the hotel decision affiliated with OTA had a positive impact on hotel performance.
3
Toledo, Pedro, Paolo Crovetti, Hamilton Klimach, and Sergio Bampi. "Dynamic and Static Calibration of Ultra-Low-Voltage, Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers." Electronics 9, no. 6 (June 12, 2020): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060983.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The calibration of the effects of process variations and device mismatch in Ultra Low Voltage (ULV) Digital-Based Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (DB-OTAs) is addressed in this paper. For this purpose, two dynamic calibration techniques, intended to dynamically vary the effective strength of critical gates by different modulation strategies, i.e., Digital Pulse Width Modulation (DPWM) and Dyadic Digital Pulse Modulation (DDPM), are explored and compared to classic static calibration. The effectiveness of the calibration approaches as a mean to recover acceptable performance in non-functional samples is verified by Monte-Carlo (MC) post-layout simulations performed on a 300 mV power supply, nW-power DB-OTA in 180 nm CMOS. Based on the same MC post-layout simulations, the impact of each calibration strategy on silicon area, power consumption, and OTA performance is discussed.
4
Al-Ali, Abdulrahman Khalaf, Muhammad Taher Abuelma'atti, and Rizwan Ali Tiwana. "Programmable OTA-Based Multifunction Active Filter." Active and Passive Electronic Components 17, no. 1 (1994): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/10413.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A fully programmable multifunction filter is presented. The filter uses four operational transconductance amplifiers and two capacitors. Analog switches are used to control the filter transfer function through a microcontroller. The user is provided control over the cutoff (or centre) frequency of the filter by controlling the auxiliary bias currents of the operational transconductance amplifiers via digital-to-analog converters. The circuit can simultaneously provide three programmable transfer functions in a single structure and can realize all the standard second-order filters. The circuit is attractive for VLSI implementation.
5
Jordão, Marina, Rafael Caldeirinha, Arnaldo S. R. Oliveira, and Nuno Borges Carvalho. "A Survey on Over-The-Air Linearization Methods for MIMO Systems." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 16, 2021): 2225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082225.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Transmitter antenna arrays are typically coupled to several RF chains, which imposes stringent requirements on the linearization of each power amplifier (PA) present in the system. For this and other reasons discussed in this work, Over-the-air (OTA) linearization methods are considered to linearize transmitter antenna arrays in 5G scenarios. However, several factors need to be considered when applying OTA linearization methods. In this paper, an extended critical review of validated OTA linearization methods is presented. The main goal is to point out and discuss the most prominent methods, in order to determine which one is the most suitable for a specific application. In particular, analysis for each method is performed and, subsequently, their benefits and the disadvantages are systematically discussed. This is sought to fill-in a gap in the scientific literarure and, thus, to help radio-frequency engineers in the implementation of OTA digital pre-distortion (DPD) techniques for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems.
6
Ivanov, Ivaylo. "THE IMPACT OF OTA – TRANSFORMING CONTEMPORARY TOURISTS’ INTENTIONS." Economics & Law 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/el.swu.v2i2.5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern hotel bookers claim to switch moods to the digital distribution model of hospitality services. A survey conducted in Bulgaria among frequent travellers reveal their attitudes when making a hotel room reservation. Taking into account the implementation of contemporary digital technologies in everyday life this article is observing the main distribution channels that are used in hotel industry. Compared are the preferences of the different age groups using a questionnaire distributed among them. Online Travel Agencies (OTA) platforms and hotels both compete and collaborate to attract customers in the worldwide web. The results of the survey reveal an ongoing process of digitalization even in sectors highly dependent on human capital. The need for remodelling market strategies of travel companies and adjusting their business performance while taking into account the trends and expectations of consumers is visible. Digitalization of the hotel reservation process in Bulgaria and the domination of Booking.com as a leading OTA confirms the fact that the domestic hotel sector follows modern world tendencies.
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Shpyrnya, O. V., and M. V. Koreneva. "Modern trends of OTA market functioning (Online Travel Agency)." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 4 (January 28, 2020): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2019-4-27-30.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article analyzes the current trends in the functioning of the OTA (Online Travel Agency) market. The relationship of the introduction of modern information technology solutions with the development of the service and brand of a tourist enterprise is determined. It is concluded that in the tourism market in general and the online market in particular, there is very fierce competition with a high financial threshold for entry. It is noted that at present, it is necessary to implement and develop dozens of online distribution options, each with its own business processes and rules. The fact is revealed that the digital revolution penetrates into all its spheres, bringing with it important changes.It is predicted that in the conditions of a saturated tourist market, where the leading OTAs occupy a large part of it, their further growth becomes more and more difficult. This leads to the merger of the two business models and the emergence of mega online travel agents. OTA opens up additional opportunities for monetizing traffic and buying advertising channels. In the near future, a mixture of these two models and the emergence of digital tour operators will appear that offer their tourists the perfect combination of physical, digital and personal experience in choosing and buying tours.
8
Atanasova, Irina, and Ivaylo Ivanov. "“Hotel – OTA” interaction and its influence on the optimization of urban hotels’ distribution channels." SHS Web of Conferences 129 (2021): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112906001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research background: The interaction between hotels and the online travel agencies (OTAs) influences the hotel sales, creating dependencies, which the hotel managers are reluctant to accept. The indicators that evaluate urban hotel sales in Bulgaria in the scope of partnership with OTA are examined. The influence of the modern digital tools to enhance business performance results is reviewed. Purpose of the article: Focusing on Bulgarian urban hotels, the research measures the impact of diverse factors for shaping an adequate business model of an urban hotel. The effect of the share of the hotel sales via OTA platforms, the number of OTAs used, the occupancy rate, the RevPAR and the Booking.com rating score is considered. Finding an appropriate model for digital behavior of urban hotel enterprises is one of the aims of the survey. Methods: A questionnaire distributed among urban hotels situated in industrial towns of Bulgaria is conducted. Linear regression and logistic regression methods are applied for the purpose of the study. Findings & Value added: The importance of channel manager technology for business metrics in this sector is concerned. Three generalized hotel operating models are extracted. It is concluded that there is a necessity for constant management and review of the hotel - OTA relations.
9
Yin, Shujuan, Yihe Sun та Xiangyu Li. "Digital 1 V 82 μW pseudo-two-stage Class-AB OTA". Tsinghua Science and Technology 14, № 5 (жовтень 2009): 601–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1007-0214(09)70123-3.
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10
White, Daniel J., Michael W. Hoffman, and Sina Balkir. "Digital Offset Cancellation for Long Time-Constant Subthreshold OTA-C Integrators." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 62, no. 11 (November 2015): 1038–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2015.2455982.
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11
Giovanis, Apostolos, Ioannis Rizomyliotis, and Androniki Kavoura. "On the relationships between digital brand evidence, relationship quality and behavioural intentions among online tourism agencies’ customers." European Journal of Tourism Research 30 (October 14, 2021): 3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v30i.2592.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper aims to propose and empirically validate a measure of brand evidence of Online Travel Agencies (OTA), representing all relevant brand associations that customers are doing when evaluating an online brand, and then investigate its effect in building strong consumer-brand relationships and creating favourable consumer behavioural intentions. To check the validity of the proposed model, a survey of 971 users of OTA platforms in Greece was conducted and data was analysed with PLS. Results fully support the validity of the proposed brand evidence index, as several OTA’s brand related associations that a customer develops, before and during service encounters, shape the index expressing brand evidence. Furthermore, the findings confirmed the significant effects of brand evidence on both brand relationships quality and consumer behavioural intentions towards the brand. The current research effort significantly contributes to the field of digital booking services, as it appears to be the first to measure digital brand evidence and investigate their role to strengthen consumer-brand relationships.
12
Natarina, R. A. Emilia, and Cendera Rizky Anugrah Bangun. "The Use of Affiliate Marketing in Improving Pegipegi Sales." Jurnal The Messenger 11, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/themessenger.v11i2.1210.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p><em>The changes in people's purchasing patterns from offline to online cause companies to change the type of their business which also affects the changing of marketing strategy. One of the marketing strategies used by the OTA (Online Travel Agent) industry is affiliate marketing. This study was conducted to find out how Pegipegi affiliate marketers used the digital marketing to help market OTA products in the digital media they use to help provide sales. The method used in this study is qualitative with the case study of Pegipegi affiliate marketers. The data collection was conducted by interviewing. The results of this study indicate that the basic understanding of how to market Pegipegi products through blogs, how to market blog through Google Ads and Facebook Ads, as well as the understanding on the functions of each affiliate marketing tools play an important role in the success of a marketer of Pegipegi affiliate.</em></p>
13
Tekin, Ahmet Tezcan, and Ferhan Çebi. "Click and sales prediction for OTAs’ digital advertisements: Fuzzy clustering based approach." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 5 (November 19, 2020): 6619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Within the most productive route, online travel agencies (OTAs) intend to use advanced digital media ads to expand their piece of the industry as a whole. The metasearch engine platforms are among the most consistently used digital media environments by OTAs. Most OTAs offer day by day deals in metasearch engine platforms that are paying per click for each hotel to get reservations. The administration of offering methodologies is critical along these lines to reduce costs and increase revenue for online travel agencies. In this study, we tried to predict both the number of impressions and the regular Click-Through-Rate (CTR) level of hotel advertising for each hotel and the daily sales amount. A significant commitment of our research is to use an extended dataset generated by integrating the most informative features implemented in various related studies as the rolling average for a different amount of day and shifted values for use in the proposed test stage for CTR, impression and sales prediction. The data is created in this study by one of Turkey’s largest OTA, and we are giving OTA’s a genuine application. The results at each prediction stage show that enriching the training data with the OTA-specific additional features, which are the most insightful and sliding window techniques, improves the prediction models ’ generalization capability, and tree-based boosting algorithms carry out the greatest results on this problem. Clustering the dataset according to its specifications also improves the results of the predictions.
14
Palumbo, Gaetano, and Giuseppe Scotti. "A Novel Standard-Cell-Based Implementation of the Digital OTA Suitable for Automatic Place and Route." Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications 11, no. 4 (October 28, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jlpea11040042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a novel implementation of a digital-based Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) which has been recently introduced in the technical literature as a fully digital alternative to the conventional differential pair to implement low voltage analog amplifiers and comparators. The proposed implementation does not make use of resistors, floating gate resistors nor C-Muller elements and is made up of only digital gates usually available in the standard cell libraries. The resulting analog circuit schematic can be described using structural VHDL or Verilog languages and is suitable to be integrated in an automatic synthesis and place and route flow for digital circuits. The proposed digital-based amplifier has been implemented in a commercial 130 nm CMOS process by using an automatic place and route flow for layout generation starting from the Verilog netlist. Post layout simulations are presented to show the performance of the proposed circuit and compare it against the state of the art.
15
Cherednichenko, J. P. "Analysis of the efficiency of online promotion channels of different types of hotel enterprises." Gostinichnoe delo (Hotel Business), no. 6 (June 10, 2022): 408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/igt-2-2206-06.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays digital environment touches all affects in various economic spheres. Hospitality industry is not an exception, though consisting mostly of human factor. Through the article you will get acquainted with the trendiest channels of online marketing. The author analyzes the effectiveness of various OTA in accordance with specialty of any hotels. According to the author’s opinion, this is important to promote lodgings’ corporate website especially after www.booking.com had left the Russian Federation accommodation market, rather than looking for an appropriate competitor. But nevertheless, hotels should be presented by different distribution channels, including OTA. Which one is the most effective among them? Is it necessary to attract the target audience by social media? What are site aggregators? The answers to these and also other questions are able to be found in this very article.
16
Wenguang, Pan, Ma Chengyan, Gan Yebing, and Ye Tianchun. "A reconfigurable OTA-C baseband filter with wide digital tuning for GNSS receivers." Journal of Semiconductors 31, no. 9 (September 2010): 095006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/31/9/095006.
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Sebayang, Susy K., Desak Made Sintha Kurnia Dewi, Syifa’ul Lailiyah, and Abdillah Ahsan. "Mixed-methods evaluation of a ban on tobacco advertising and promotion in Banyuwangi District, Indonesia." Tobacco Control 28, no. 6 (October 19, 2018): 651–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054443.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionTobacco advertisement bans in Indonesia are rare and seldom evaluated. The recent introduction of an outdoor tobacco advertisement (OTA) ban in Banyuwangi District, East Java, Indonesia provided an opportunity to evaluate such policy.MethodsUsing a mixed-methods approach, we undertook an observational study of OTA in 15 locations where such advertising had been prohibited. We also interviewed a sample of 114 store-owners/storekeepers and 131 community members, and conducted indepth interviews with government officials and the Public Order Agency (POA), the designated enforcement agency.ResultsIn phase 1 we found only one location was free of advertisements. We identified 667 advertisement points and 1283 advertisement materials in the study location; of these, 7% and 7.8% were within 25 m of schools and religious sites, respectively. Phase 2 showed that 68% of the respondents were unaware of the regulation, but many supported an OTA ban. Indepth interviews revealed that not all members of the POA were familiar with the regulation. POA members believed they will enforce the regulation better if higher level regulation for ban on tobacco advertisements, promotions and sponsorships was made and digital application is available to support surveillance.ConclusionPolicy violations were evident 1 year after the launch of OTA ban in Banyuwangi. Tobacco advertisements are still visible, including near schools and religious sites, potentially stimulating adolescents to smoke. Regional regulation and setting specific violation reductions as a performance indicator for POA could improve compliance. App-based technology could assist violation surveillance and reporting, as could awareness-raising campaigns that encouraged community support to report violation through the apps.
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Saputra, Yanu Ramdhani, Herlina Jayadianti, and Dyah Ayu Irawati. "Customer Loyalty Analysis On Online Travel Agent (OTA) Using American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) And Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)." Telematika 19, no. 3 (October 31, 2022): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/telematika.v19i3.7734.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: Knowing what affects customer loyalty in Online Travel Agent (OTA) Services. Which will help OTA Services to understand about customer satisfaction and customer loyalty so that they can develop their business in the future in order to get greater customer satisfaction and loyalty.Design/methodology/approach: Using the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) Model which explains the antecedents and consequences of customer satisfaction. In Antecedent there are variables of User Expectations, Perceived Quality, and Value benefits that have an impact on customer satisfaction variables then from causing customer complaints and customer loyalty. So that 9 research hypotheses are obtained based on the model used and tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Research requires data on respondents' answers distributed through digital media with a total need for 385 respondent data.Findings/result: After testing using SEM.The 9 hypotheses proposed show that 2 hypotheses are rejected and 7 hypotheses are accepted.Originality/value/state of the art: Previous research has been done but with different models and different methods.
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Kadir, Poppy Arnold, and Meilinda Lestari Modjo. "Persepsi Tamu OTA Terhadap Dimensi Pelayanan Tangible, Resposiveness, Realibility, Empathy, Assurance di TC Damhil dalam Meningkatkan Tingkat Hunian Kamar." Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Budaya 7, no. 4 (November 16, 2021): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.32884/ideas.v7i4.539.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to determine the perception of OTA (Online Travel Agent) guests on the dimensions of tangible, responsiveness, realibility, empathy, assurance services at TC Damhil UNG (Gorontalo State University), to determine the room occupancy rate at TC Damhil, and to determine the efforts made management to improve the Service Dimensions Tangible, Responsiveness, Realibility, Empathy, Assurance at TC Damhil UNG in increasing the room occupancy rate. This research data collection through observation, interviews, and literature study, the type of qualitative research. Primary and secondary data are the data sources used in this study. In accordance with the results of the study, it shows that the perception of OTA guests towards the assessment of the service dimensions, both tangible, empathy, realibility, irresponsiveness, and assurance on room occupancy rates is very good on 4 dimensions, namely empathy, realibility, responsiveness, and assurance. As for the tangible dimension, it still needs to be improved, especially regarding the improvement of physical facilities owned by TC Damhil. HR Reliable and professional human resources are a strength for TC Damhil in improving the quality of services in the accommodation sector in Gorontalo because the State University of Gorontalo has alumni who have the ability and knowledge in the hospitality sector. OTA Online Travel Agent is a digital marketing that is very effective in increasing the room occupancy rate and becomes a reference for the manager to be able to fix what is a deficiency for guests. The room occupancy rate is an indicator of the success of the management in the accommodation sector. To be able to increase the room occupancy rate, the quality of service provided by TC Damhil must be able to meet the needs and desires of guests.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi tamu OTA (Online Travel Agent) pada dimensi pelayanan tangible, responsiveness, realibility, empathy, assurance di TC Damhil UNG (Universitas Negeri Gorontalo), untuk mengetahui tingkat hunian kamar di TC Damhil, dan untuk mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan manajemen dalam meningkatkan Dimensi Pelayanan Tangible, Responsiveness, Realibility, Empathy, Assurance di TC Damhil UNG dalam meningkatkan tingkat hunian kamar. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka, jenis penelitian kualitatif. Data primer dan sekunder merupakan sumber data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini. Sesuai dengan hasil penelitian, menunjukkan persepsi tamu OTA terhadap penilaian pada dimensi pelayanan baik tangible, empathy, realibility, responsiveness, dan assurance terhadap tingkat hunian kamar sudah sangat baik pada 4 dimensi yakni empathy, realibility, responsiveness, dan assurance. Sedangkan untuk dimensi tangible masih perlu diperbaiki terutama mengenai perbaikan fasilitas fisik yang dimiliki oleh TC Damhil. Sumber daya manusia yang handal dan profesional merupakan kekuatan bagi TC Damhil dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan di bidang akomodasi di Gorontalo karena Universitas Negeri Gorontalo memiliki alumni yang memiliki kemampuan dan pengetahuan di bidang hospitality. OTA merupakan digital marketing yang sangat efektif meningkatkan tingkat hunian kamar dan menjadi rujukan bagi pihak pengelola untuk dapat memperbaiki apa yang menjadi kekurangan bagi tamu. Tingkat hunian kamar merupakan indikator penilaian keberhasilan dalam pengelolaan di bidang akomodasi. Untuk dapat meningkatkan tingkat hunian kamar, maka kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan oleh TC Damhil harus dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan keinginan tamu.
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Kolawole, Roseline J. "Does digital marketing adoption enhance the performance of micro and small enterprises? Evidence from women entrepreneurs in Ado-Odo Ota Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria." International Journal of Development and Management Review 17, no. 1 (June 14, 2022): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijdmr.v17i1.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examined the effect of digital marketing adoption on the performance of micro and small scale enterprises of women entrepreneurs in Ado-Odo Ota Local Government Area of Ogun State. The study employed multistage sampling technique in selecting ninety women entrepreneurs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Analysis of variance, Z-test and Ordinary Least Squared (OLS) regression. The result shows that majority (90%) of the respondents are users of digital marketing with medium users having the highest (53.33%). Social media is the most effective digital marketing with WhatsApp and Facebook having the highest usage. The greater the extent of digital marketing adoption by women entrepreneurs, the higher the enterprise performance. Only social media and mobile marketing statistically and significantly influenced the enterprise performance. There is significant difference in the enterprise performance of the non-users and users of digital marketing of women entrepreneurs. There is also significant difference in the enterprise performance of users of digital marketing. The study recommended that women entrepreneurs should improve on the usage of digital marketing and focus more on the use of social media and mobile marketing.
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Kuwabara, Helio, Rubens Carvalho, and Uira Moreno Rosa rio e. Barros. "First Live Production and Transmission of Immersive Audio on Commercial OTA Digital Television in Latin America." SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal 131, no. 10 (November 2022): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/jmi.2022.3207814.
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Marani, Roberto, and Anna Gina Perri. "A Review on the Study of Temperature Effects in the Design of A/D Circuits based on CNTFET." Current Nanoscience 15, no. 5 (July 19, 2019): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573413714666181009125058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, we review a procedure to study the effects of temperature in the design of A/D circuits based on CNTFETs. At first, we briefly describe a compact model, already proposed by us, in which the temperature variation in the drain current equation and in energy band gap is considered. Then, the effects of temperature variations in the design of analog circuits, such as a cascode current sink mirror and an Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), and in the design of digital circuits including in particular NAND and NOR logic gates, are illustrated and widely discussed.
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Di, Xin-Peng, Wei-Ping Chen, Liang Yin, and Xiao-Wei Liu. "A 99.7-dB DR fourth-order sigma–delta modulator for digital gyroscope sensor." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 09 (March 30, 2017): 1750097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491750097x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A fourth-order single-loop 1-bit sigma–delta [Formula: see text] modulator for digital gyroscope sensor interface circuit is presented in this paper. The effects caused by mismatch between parasite capacitors at the input of the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) and the nonlinear on-resistance of the CMOS switch are analyzed. The chopping technique is adopted to eliminate the flick noise in low frequency. The modulator is fabricated in a standard CMOS 0.5-[Formula: see text] process and the effective area is 2 mm2. The power dissipation is 9.66 mW when the voltage is 5 V. The tested results show that a 93.7-dB peak signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) and a 99.7-dB dynamic range (DR) are achievable at the sample frequency of 500 kHz for 2 kHz bandwidth. The optimization of the switches used in the first integrator and the parasite capacity is proved to be effective in the design of modulator.
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Pérez-Sánchez, María de los Ángeles, Zhuowei Tian, Almudena Barrientos-Báez, José Gómez-Galán, and Hanliang Li. "Blockchain Technology for Winning Consumer Loyalty: Social Norm Analysis Using Structural Equation Modeling." Mathematics 9, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9050532.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Remarkable changes have taken in social operation mode and consumers’ behavior mode because of the foot ban during the pandemic spread of COVID-19. Digital technologies such as Blockchain have shown potential in gaining competitive advantages for enterprises in such situations. This study aims to provide an insight into how to gain consumer loyalty through the use of modern and efficient Blockchain technology. In contrast to the current literature, this study combined the technology acceptance model of planned behavior theory, social exchange theory to explain the loyalty of an online travel agency (OTA) consumer. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from citizens in Hangzhou, a city full of technological innovation atmosphere. Using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS©, responses from 1403 citizens were analyzed. Social norm was discovered to have a positive and significant association with the consumers’ attitude toward technology and thus enhancing the perceived usability and hedonism of OTA application, which can increase consumer loyalty. The findings suggested OTAs may gain consumers’ loyalty through adopting Blockchain technology, and local governments have played a key role in creating such an environment. New technologies have become essential professional and social tools for society. The technological environment and Blockchain within the tourism sector are fundamental elements of China’s economic engine.
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Anisheh, Seyed Mahmoud, Hamed Abbasizadeh, Hossein Shamsi, Chitra Dadkhah, and Kang-Yoon Lee. "98-dB Gain Class-AB OTA With 100 pF Load Capacitor in 180-nm Digital CMOS Process." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 17772–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2896089.
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Ferreira, Luis H. C., and Sameer R. Sonkusale. "A 60-dB Gain OTA Operating at 0.25-V Power Supply in 130-nm Digital CMOS Process." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 61, no. 6 (June 2014): 1609–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2013.2289413.
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Mobarak, Mohamed, Marvin Onabajo, Jose Silva-Martinez, and Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio. "Attenuation-Predistortion Linearization of CMOS OTAs With Digital Correction of Process Variations in OTA-C Filter Applications." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 45, no. 2 (February 2010): 351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2009.2037476.
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Vasudeva, G., and B. V. Uma. "Design and Implementation of High Speed and Low Power 12-bit SAR ADC using 22nm FinFET." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS AND CONTROL 17 (January 3, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23203.2022.17.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) architecture comprises of sub modules such as comparator, Digital to Analog Converter and SAR logic. Each of these modules imposes challenges as the signal makes transition from analog to digital and vice-versa. Design strategies for optimum design of circuits considering 22nm FinFET technology meeting area, timing, power requirements and ADC metrics is presented in this work. Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) based comparator, 12-bit two stage segmented resistive string DAC architecture and low power SAR logic is designed and integrated to form the ADC architecture with maximum sampling rate of 1 GS/s. Circuit schematic is captured in Cadence environment with optimum geometrical parameters and performance metrics of the proposed ADC is evaluated in MATLAB environment. Differential Non Linearity and Integral Non Linearity metrics for the 12-bit ADC is limited to +1.15/-1 LSB and +1.22/-0.69 LSB respectively. ENOB of 10.1663 with SNR of 62.9613 dB is achieved for the designed ADC measured for conversion of input signal of 100 MHz with 20dB noise. ADC with sampling frequency upto 1 GSps is designed in this work with low power dissipation less than 10 mW.
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Dendouga, Abdelghani, Slimane Oussalah, Damien Thienpont, and Abdenour Lounis. "Multiobjective Genetic Algorithms Program for the Optimization of an OTA for Front-End Electronics." Advances in Electrical Engineering 2014 (August 13, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/374741.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The design of an interface to a specific sensor induces costs and design time mainly related to the analog part. So to reduce these costs, it should have been standardized like digital electronics. The aim of the present work is the elaboration of a method based on multiobjectives genetic algorithms (MOGAs) to allow automated synthesis of analog and mixed systems. This proposed methodology is used to find the optimal dimensional transistor parameters (length and width) in order to obtain operational amplifier performances for analog and mixed CMOS-(complementary metal oxide semiconductor-) based circuit applications. Six performances are considered in this study, direct current (DC) gain, unity-gain bandwidth (GBW), phase margin (PM), power consumption (P), area (A), and slew rate (SR). We used the Matlab optimization toolbox to implement the program. Also, by using variables obtained from genetic algorithms, the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is simulated by using Cadence Virtuoso Spectre circuit simulator in standard TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) RF 0.18 μm CMOS technology. A good agreement is observed between the program optimization and electric simulation.
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Pramudita, Aditia Sovia. "Pengukuran Performa Digital Distribution Channel Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Hostel Pada Pinisi Backpacker Dengan Multinomial Logistic Regression." Competitive 14, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36618/competitive.v14i2.603.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pertumbuhan industri pariwisata di Indonesia berkembang dengan pesat. Pertumbuhan tersebut berdampak pada pertumbuhan kebutuhan penginapan di Indonesia. Pinisi Backpacker sebagai salah satu penginapan dengan konsep hostel memiliki peran dalam pertumbuhan industri ini. Peran online travel agent pada industri ini pun memiliki peran yang signifikan terhadap penjualan penginapan di seluruh dunia. Namun demikian penggunaan online travel agent sendiri bukannya tanpa risiko. Kerjasama dengan online travel agent memiliki potensi bagi pemilik penginapan untuk mengalami opportunity lost. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa pemilik penginapan perlu untuk mengkaji performa masing-masing online travel agent sebagai partnernya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa seluruh OTA memberikan efek yang positif terhadap keputusan pembelian hostel kecuali Traveloka dan Expedia. Keputusan pembelian konsumen di hostel Pinisi Backpacker dipengaruhi oleh pemilihan online travel agent oleh para konsumennya. Dari seluruh online travel agent yang digunakan dapat disimpulkan terdapat tiga grade online travel agent bagi Pinisi Backpacker yaitu grade 1 adalah Booking.com, Agoda, dan Hostelworld; grade 2 adalah Klikhotel dan pegipegi; dan yang terakhir adalah melepas kerjasama online travel agent dengan Traveloka dan Expedia.
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Agopian, Paula Ghedini Der, Joao A. Martino, Eddy Simoen, Rita Rooyackers, and Cor Claeys. "Tunnel-FET Evolution and Applications for Analog Circuits." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 17, no. 2 (September 17, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v17i2.631.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this work different generations of field effect tunneling transistor (TFET) are evaluated through DC digital and analog figures of merits. For TFET devices the main digital figure of merit is the subthreshold slope (SS), while for analog application the intrinsic voltage gain (AV) is the most important one. For the early generations, that are based on silicon, the SS does not reach values smaller than 60mV/dec at room temperature, however, the AV reaches values up to 80 dB, showing to be promising for analog applications. As the TFETs were being optimized for digital applications and consequently presenting better switching performance, the intrinsic voltage gain moves in the opposite direction. This opposite trend is related to which transport mechanism is predominant for each type of device. While III-V TFETs are more dependent on Band to Band Tunneling (BTBT), silicon devices are more relying on Trap-Assisted Tunneling (TAT). While BTBT allows for faster switching, TAT is less dependent on the drain electric field, so the former favors SS while the latter favors AV. Based on the good analog behavior of silicon channel TFETs, a two-stage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) was designed with different TFET technologies and the compared results were discussed.
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Wang, Xiaoyu, Yue Li, Chao Yu, Wei Hong, and Anding Zhu. "Digital Predistortion of 5G Massive MIMO Wireless Transmitters Based on Indirect Identification of Power Amplifier Behavior With OTA Tests." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 68, no. 1 (January 2020): 316–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2019.2944828.
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Chen, Sizheng, Tingting Shi, Lei Ma, Cheng Kang, Na Yan, and Hao Min. "A Low Power Impedance Transparent Receiver with Linearity Enhancement Technique for IoT Applications." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9130910.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A low power receiver with impedance transparent RF front end is presented. By using the 4-path passive mixer and the active feedback of LNA, the baseband impedance profile is further transferred to receiver input. While a LO-defined input matching is formed by RF front end, the linearity of entire receiver chain is improved. Furthermore, derivative superposition technique is employed to cancel the distortion of the CMOS LNA. A 3rd-order active-RC filter is designed with current-efficient feedforward compensated OTA. And a digital-to-time converter (DTC) assisted fractional-N all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) is codesigned with receiver to meet the IoT requirements. The presented receiver is fabricated in 55 nm CMOS technology with an active area of 2.3 mm2 and power consumption of 20 mW. Measurement results show that the receiver achieves 5.3 dB NF with 78 dB gain from 0.6 to 1 GHz, the RX out-of-band IIP3 is +8 dBm, and in-band IIP3 is −10 dBm, and the ADPLL achieves −94 dBc/Hz in-band PN and −120.5 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset.
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Lodro, Mir, Chris Smart, Gabriele Gradoni, Ana Vukovic, Dave Thomas, and Steve Greedy. "Near-field BER and EVM Measurement at 5.8 GHz in Mode-stirred Metal Enclosure." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 35, no. 9 (November 4, 2020): 1080–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.350915.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work presents over-the-air (OTA) performance, near-field bit-error-ratio (BER), and error vector magnitude (EVM) measurement using software-defined radio (SDR) in the mode-stirred metal enclosure at 5.8 GHz. The metal enclosure is stirred at 5.8 GHz using metallic paddle rotating with uniform speed. Paddle rotation creates a uniform electromagnetic field in the metal enclosure. The electromagnetic field environment in the metal enclosure can be controlled by loading the cavity with absorbing material. Field absorption can be different depending on the amount of absorbing material and location of the absorbers in the metal enclosure. It is shown that signal attenuation increases as we increase the number of absorbers. BER and EVM are measured in this environment and the performance of SDR based digital receiver is analyzed in this environment at RF frequency of 5.8 GHz.
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Duarte, Luis, Rodolfo Gomes, Carlos Ribeiro, and Rafael F. S. Caldeirinha. "A Software-Defined Radio for Future Wireless Communication Systems at 60 GHz." Electronics 8, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121490.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper reports on a complete end-to-end 5G mmWave testbed fully reconfigurable based on a FPGA architecture. The proposed system is composed of a baseband/low-IF processing unit, and a mmWave RF front-end at both TX/RX ends. In particular, the baseband unit design is based on a typical agile digital IF architecture, enabling on-the-fly modulations up to 256-QAM. The real-time 5G mmWave testbed, herein presented, adopts OFDM as the transmission scheme waveform, which was assessed OTA by considering the key performance indicators, namely EVM and BER. A detailed overview of system architecture is addressed together with the hardware considerations taken into account for the mmWave testbed development. Following this, it is demonstrated that the proposed testbed enables real-time multi-stream transmissions of UHD video content captured by nine individual cameras, which is in fact one of the killing applications for 5G.
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Matsuzawa, Koichi, Momo Obata, Yuu Takeuchi, Yoshiro Ohgi, Kaoru Ikegami, Takaaki Nagai, Ryuji Monden, and Akimitsu Ishihara. "(Digital Presentation) Effects of Foreign Elements Added Oxide-Based Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction as Non-Precious Metel Cathodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 35 (July 7, 2022): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01351544mtgabs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On Dec. 2020, new MIRAI of fuel cell vehicle (FCV) from Toyota started to sell in Japan. However, the price of new model is almost same as previous model. For wide commercialization of FCV, it should be required for more development. One of the barriers of innovative system for the FCV is conventional platinum-based electrocatalyst. The cost of Pt is very expensive due to its very poor resources. Moreover, the conventional Pt-based electrocatalyst cannot reach enough performance for next generation FCV that is proposed in new roadmap released from NEDO, Japan. From this point of view, the non-precious metal electrocatalyst should be required for the breakthrough against above issue. We have focused and studied group 4 and 5 metal oxide-based electrocatalyst as non-platinum catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) because of low-cost, abundant reserves, and high stability in acidic electrolytes [1-2]. We found that titanium oxide prepared from TiOTPyzPz supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes had superior ORR activity [3]. On the other hand, it was published as an international patent that the addition of other elements such as Fe and Ni is affected to enhance the ORR activity of Ti oxide-based electrocatalyst [4]. In this study, we have investigated to apply for the TiOTPyzPz as a starting material with and without Fe, Ni, and Zn addition to enhance the ORR activity of Ti oxide-based electrocatalyst. 2,3-Dicyanopyrazine, urea, and Ti isopropoxide were dissolved in quinoline and refluxed to synthesize TiOTPyzPz. Iron acetate, Nickel acetate, and Zinc acetate were also added to dissolve in quinoline to obtain the Fe, Ni, and Zn-added TiOTPyzPz as a starting material. The molar ratio of Ti:Fe:Ni:Zn was set to constant. These starting materials were mixed with carbon nanotube by ball-milling to prepare the precursors. These precursors were heat-treated under low oxygen partial pressure for 3 h to obtain titanium oxide-based catalysts. The catalyst powder was dispersed into 1-propanol with Nafion solution to prepare a catalyst ink. The ink was dropped on a glassy carbon rod, and dried for an hour to use as a working electrode in electrochemical measurement. Electrochemical measurements were performed in 0.5 mol dm-3 H2SO4 at 30 oC with a conventional 3-electrode cell. A reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a glassy carbon plate were used as used as a reference and counter electrode, respectively. Slow scan voltammetry (SSV) was performed at a scan rate of 5 mV s-1 from 0.2 V to 1.2 V vs. RHE under O2 and N2. The ORR current (i ORR) was determined by calculating the difference between the current under O2 and N2. Figure 1 shows the effect of Fe, Ni, and Zn addition to TiOTPyzPz as a starting material on the ORR polarization curves of the titanium oxide-based catalysts. The vertical axis is based on catalyst weight. Ti oxid-based electrocatalyst prepared from Fe, Ni, and Zn addition to TiOTPyzPz (TiOx-Fe, Ni, Zn) resulted in the increase in the onset potential for the ORR and ORR current compared to that without addition (TiOx), revealing that the addition of Fe, Ni, and Zn was found to be effective in improving the ORR activity. XRD pattern of TiOx shows several peaks identified TiO2-Rutile, TiO2-Anatanse and TiO2-Brookite while the XRD pattern of TiOx-Fe, Ni, Zn also shows several peaks identified similar to TiOx. In the case of XRD pattern of TiOx-Fe, Ni, Zn, the peak identified compounds relating to additional elements such as Fe, Ni and Zn does not detect strongly. It is suggested that the addition of Fe, Ni and Zn to TiOTPyzPz conduce to the distortion of crystal phase of TiO2 [5] and it affected to suppress the crystal growth of Ti oxide-based electrocatalyst. These facts are possibly contributed to enhance the ORR activity of TiOx-Fe, Ni, Zn compared to that of TiOx. Acknowledgement: The authors thank New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) and ENEOS Tonen General Research / Development Encouragement & Scholarship Foundation for financial support. Reference [1] A. Ishihara, Y. Ohgi, K. Matsuzawa, S. Mitsushima, and K. Ota, Electrochim. Acta, 55, 8005 (2010). [2] A. Ishihara, S. Tominaka, S. Mitsushima, H. Imai, H. Imai, O. Sugino, and K. Ota, Curr. Opin. Electrochem., 21 , 234 (2020). [3] S. Tominaka, A. Ishihara, T. Nagai, and K. Ota, ACS Omega, 2, 5209 (2017). [4] K. Takahashi, T. Imai, R. Monden, Y. Wakisaka, and S. Sato, Oxygen Reduction Catalyst, Process for Producing Same, and Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell, WO/2013/008501. [5] Y. Yamamoto, S. Kasamatsu, and O. Sugino, J. Phys. Chem. C, 123, 19486 (2019). Figure 1
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Yoshimura, Takeshi. "(Invited, Digital Presentation) Investigation of Polarization Behavior of HfO2 Thin Films Via Piezoelectric Characterization." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 15 (October 9, 2022): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0215807mtgabs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nonvolatile memory based on field-effect transistors with ferroelectric gate dielectrics (FeFET) was first proposed in the 1960s[1]. Later, in the 1990s, FeFETs were proposed to operate as neuromorphic devices and were actively studied[2]. However, it has not been realized due to the difficulty of forming ferroelectric thin films on Si and obtaining a good Si/ferroelectric interface. This situation was greatly changed by the discovery of ferroelectricity in hafnium oxides [3]. Now, FeFETs have attracted attention again due to the high CMOS process compatibility of hafnium oxides as well as their good ferroelectricity even in ultra-thin films. FeFETs have many potential applications, including steep switching transistors and reservoir computing as well as nonvolatile memory. In addition, the understanding of the ferroelectric properties of HfO2-based thin films has been deepened. On the other hand, reliability issues such as robustness, switching endurance, fatigue characteristics, wake-up effects, and imprinting still remain to be addressed for practical applications. These are problems common to ferroelectric thin films, but because HfO2 is an ultra-thin film, they are not easy to analyze. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the evaluation of ferroelectricity by the direct piezoelectric effect. In contrast to the inverse piezoelectric response, the direct piezoelectric response is, in principle, independent of the film thickness, so we expect that the direct piezoelectric response could be analyzed even for HfO2-based thin films. TaN/Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO)/TaN capacitor was prepared on a Si wafer. TaN electrodes were deposited by DC sputtering method. The thickness of the TaN films was 10 nm. The HZO film was then deposited by the RF magnetron sputtering method using HfO2 and ZrO2 targets. The fabricated capacitor was annealed in a rapid thermal annealing system at 700 °C. The details of the deposition are described in Ref. 4. The direct piezoelectric response of the HZO film was measured using the wafer flexure technique [5]. The strain was applied periodically to the sample, and the charge induced via the direct piezoelectric response was measured using a lock-in amplifier. While the conventional ferroelectric characterization, including the P-E measurement, might be influenced by the space charge, leakage current so on, the direct piezoelectric response only depends on the remaanenrt polarization because there are no other physical phenomena similar to the direct piezoelectric response. We investigated the state of polarization during the retention and wake-up process. The film showed a time-dependent imprint at room temperature during polarization retention. The internal electric field that generated the imprint gradually increased from 0.05 to 0.6 MV/cm. In contrast, the magnitude of the direct piezoelectric response did not change during the polarization retention. Similar analyses were also carried out for the wake-up process. Based on the obtained results, we concluded that the non-ferroelectric layer exists at the interface between the HZO film and TaN electrode and gradually transitions to ferroelectric phases through the electric field cycle[6]. The presentation will also cover the domain observation of HZO films by the direct piezoeelectric response. [1] J. L. Moll and Y. tarui, IEEE trans. Elect. Dev., ED-10, 338 (1963) [2] H. Ishiwara, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 32, 442 (1993) [3] T. S. Boscke, J. Muller, D. Brauhaus, U. Schroder, and U. Bottger, Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 102903 (2011). [4] S. Migita, H. Ota, H. Yamada, K. Shibuya, A. Sawa, and A. Toriumi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 1 57, 04FB01 (2018). [5] J. F. Shepard, P. J. Moses, and S. Trolier-McKinstry, Sens. Actuators, A 71, 133 (1998). [6] K. Takada, M. Murase, S. Migita, Y. Morita, H. Ota, N. Fujimura, and T. Yoshimura, Appl. Phys. Lett. 119, 032902 (2021)
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Colletta, Gustavo D., Luís H. C. Ferreira, and Tales C. Pimenta. "A 0.25-V 22-nS symmetrical bulk-driven OTA for low-frequency $$G_m$$ G m -C applications in 130-nm digital CMOS process." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 81, no. 2 (August 13, 2014): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-014-0385-y.
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Matsuzawa, Koichi, Atsushi Nozaka, and Akimitsu Ishihara. "(Digital Presentation) Mo Added Zr Oxide-Based Thin Film for Oxygen Evolution Catalyst in Alkaline Solution." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 34 (July 7, 2022): 1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01341347mtgabs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On Oct. 4, 2021, Hydrogen energy ministerial meeting (H2 EM 2021) was held by the ministry of economy, trade and industry (METI) of Japanese government as online special event with cabinet members and officials from 29 countries, regions, and organizations. In the meeting, “Global Hydrogen Review 2021” and was released to propose the policy toward hydrogen-based society. In the open session, the water electrolysis was one of the main session, and participants shared their commitment to improve the performance of water electrolysis units and optimize the relevant systems with a view toward reducing the costs of “Green Hydrogen”, and exchanged views on topics including the future prospects for the “Green Hydrogen” market [1]. Here, “Green Hydrogen” is the hydrogen which is produced by the electricity from renewable energies introducing in our previous study [2]. Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) has already commercialized all over the world and recently applied its system for the Power-to-Gas (PtG) in Europe and Japan such as Fukushima hydrogen energy research field (FH2R). In the FH2R, one of the largest module of AWE has operated from 2020. However, we found that the degradation of Ni anode occurs operating by variable renewable energy (VNE) from our previous report [3]. From this point of view, the alternative anode with high durability against VNE should be required for green hydrogen production. We focused on zirconium oxide-based electrocatalyst (ZrOx) and have studied its catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) [4]. In this study, we have investigated the activity and durability of ZrOx with and without Mo addition for the OER in alkaline solution. Zr compound films were formed on Ti rods as a base material, using the R.F. magnetron sputtering. Gas atmosphere in the chamber was a mixture of Ar and O2 gas. After polishing and washing, the Ti rods were heated at 300 oC for Zr oxide-based film without any addition (ZrOx), and 350 oC for Zr oxide-based film with Mn addition (Mn-ZrOx). Sputtering power and sputtering time were fixed at 150 W and 20 min, respectively. All electrochemical measurements were carried out using a three-electrode cell at 30 oC in 7 M KOH. A reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a carbon plate were used as a reference and a counter electrode, respectively. ZrOx or Mo-ZrOx was used as working electrode. In order to evaluate the catalytic activity for the OER, slow scan voltammetry (SSV) was performed under N2 atmosphere. Current density (i geo) was based on the geometric surface area of the working electrode. The resistance of the film (R film) and charge transfer (R ct) was evaluated by AC impedance spectroscopic measurements in the frequency range from 105 to 10−1 Hz. Figure 1 shows polarization curves of ZrOx and Mo-ZrOx. The i geo for the OER on Mo-ZrOx has obviously larger than that of ZrOx. According to the cyclic voltammograms (CV) of both sample, the electric double layer (C dl) of Mo-ZrOx from CV was larger than that of ZrOx. This trend was similar to the result reported in previous study [5], and it is suggested that the C dl becomes larger by the effect of Mo addition. From the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), both ZrOx and Mo-ZrOx are n-type semiconductor. Moreover, the slope of Mott-Schottky plot on Mo-ZrOx was more gentle than that on ZrOx and it is suggested that the electric conductivity of Mo-ZrOx was larger than that of ZrOx. Thus, the reason why the i geo for the OER on Mo-ZrOx has larger than that of ZrOx is that both improvement of the increase of C dl and the electric conductivity of sample. Acknowledgement: This work is partially supported by Iketani Science and Technology Foundation. Reference [1] https://www.meti.go.jp/english/press/2021/1008_001.html [2] K. Ota, A. Ishihara, K. Matsuzawa, and S. Mitsushima, Electrochemistry, 78, 970 (2010). [3] H. Ichikawa, K. Matsuzawa, Y. Kohno, I. Nagashima, Y. Sunada, Y. Nishiki, A. Manabe, and S. Mitsushima, ECS Trans., 58(33), 9 (2014). [4] K. Matsuzawa, A. Ishihara, A. Ohshi, S. Mitsushima, and K. Ota, Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 267, 115112 (2020). [5] Y. Takasu, T. Ohnuma, W. Sugimoto, and Y. Murakami, Electrochemistry, 67, 1187 (1999). Figure 1
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Toledo, Pedro, Paolo Crovetti, Orazio Aiello та Massimo Alioto. "Fully Digital Rail-to-Rail OTA With Sub-1000-μm² Area, 250-mV Minimum Supply, and nW Power at 150-pF Load in 180 nm". IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters 3 (2020): 474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lssc.2020.3027666.
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Ren, Xiaojiao, Ming Zhang, Nicolas Llaser та Yiqi Zhuang. "On-Chip Measurement of Quality Factor Implemented in 0.35μm CMOS". Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 25, № 08 (17 травня 2016): 1650087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126616500870.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on time-domain quality factor (Q-factor) measurement principle, we have proposed an architecture which has the potential to be integrated on-chip. Thanks to the proposed original reconfigurable structure, the main measurement error from the offset of the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) used can be cancelled automatically during the measurement operation, leading to a high accuracy Q-factor measurement. The digital control circuit plays an important role in the automatic passage between the two configurations designed, i.e., peak detector and comparator. The main advantages of the proposed time-domain Q-factor measurement lay on the possibility of being integrated next to the Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) resonator to be measured, the miniaturization of the whole measuring system as well as the enhancement of the measurement performance, and to guide the design of such architecture, a theoretical analysis linking the required accuracy and the given Q-factor to the circuit parameters have been given in this paper. The proposed circuit is designed and simulated in a 0.35[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductors (CMOS) technology. The post-layout simulation results show that the operating frequency can reach up to 200[Formula: see text]kHz with an accuracy of 0.4%.
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Ngo, Thi Khue Thu, Phuong Thao Nguyen, Thang Le Dinh, and Nguyen Anh Khoa Dam. "The Implementation of Integrated Multichannel Services in the Hospitality Sector in Vietnam." ITM Web of Conferences 51 (2023): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20235105003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The research streams on multichannel integration (MCI) in the hospitality sector recently caught the attention of academics and practitioners. However, knowledge and understanding of integrated multichannel services are still unfamiliar to enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and enterprises in developing countries like Vietnam. Since this topic is limitedly exploited in the hospitality industry, the paper explores the opportunities and challenges for implementing integrated multichannel services in the hospitality sector in Vietnam based on the service science perspective. In the context of emerging digital technology and changing consumer behaviour today, an exploratory study on integrated multichannel services of hotels was conducted on eight hotel managers, eight online travel agencies (OTA), and sixteen domestic tourists. The results show the variety of channels of hotels can reach customers thanks to integrated multichannel services. However, the current situation of channel integration (between the direct and the indirect channel of the hotel through online travel intermediaries) is currently inconsistent. For this reason, challenges related to integrated services, promotion and price, and information access in the channel integration of the selected hotels have been explored. Since then, several solutions are suggested to accelerate MCI in the hospitality sector to stimulate demand for domestic tourism.
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Varnavas, Kosta. "Advanced Wireless Sensor Nodes - MSFC." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2017, DPC (January 1, 2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2017dpc-ta3_presentation4.
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IMAPS Device Packaging Conference 2017 Engineered Micro Systems & Devices Track Advanced Wireless Sensor Nodes - MSFC Abstract Kosta Varnavas NASA / Marshall Space Flight Center NASA field center Marshall Space Flight Center (Huntsville, AL), has invested in advanced wireless sensor technology development. Developments for a wireless microcontroller back-end were primarily focused on the commercial Synapse Wireless family of devices. These devices have many useful features for NASA applications, good characteristics and the ability to be programmed Over-The-Air (OTA). The effort has focused on two widely used sensor types, mechanical strain gauges and thermal sensors. Mechanical strain gauges are used extensively in NASA structural testing and even on vehicle instrumentation systems. Additionally, thermal monitoring with many types of sensors is extensively used. These thermal sensors include thermocouples of all types, resistive temperature devices (RTDs), diodes and other thermal sensor types. The wireless thermal board will accommodate all of these types of sensor inputs to an analog front end. The analog front end on each of the sensors interfaces to the Synapse wireless microcontroller, based on the Atmel Atmega128 device. Once the analog sensor output data is digitized by the onboard analog to digital converter (A/D), the data is available for analysis, computation or transmission. Various hardware features allow custom embedded software to manage battery power to enhance battery life. This technology development fits nicely into using numerous additional sensor front ends, including some of the low-cost printed circuit board capacitive moisture content sensors currently being developed at Auburn University.
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Rerkratn, Apinai, Jakkapun Tongcharoen, Wandee Petchmaneelumka, and Vanchai Riewruja. "Linear-Range Extension for Linear Variable Differential Transformer Using Hyperbolic Sine Function." Sensors 22, no. 10 (May 12, 2022): 3674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103674.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, a circuit technique to extend the measuring range of a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) is proposed. The transfer characteristic of the LVDT contains the odd function form of the cubic polynomial. Therefore, the measuring range of a commercial LVDT is linear in a narrow range compared to its physical dimensions. The wide measuring range of the LVDT requires a large structure of the LVDT, which increases the scale and the cost of the measurement system. The measuring range of the LVDT can be linearly extended to the maximum of the stroke range using the proposed technique. The realization of the proposed technique is based on the use of the hyperbolic sine (sinh) function of the electronic circuit building block, named the class AB bipolar amplifier. The class AB bipolar amplifier can be obtained by the current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA). The circuit of the proposed technique requires two CFOAs and an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) as the active devices and all devices used in the proposed technique to synthesize the sinh function are commercially available. The proposed technique exhibits an ability to compensate for the nonlinear characteristic of the LVDT without digital components. The proposed technique is attractive in terms of its simple circuit configuration, small size, and low cost. The linear range extension of the LVDT used in this paper is significantly increased with a maximum error of about 18.3 μm of 6.2 mm at the full stroke range or the full-scale percentage error of about 0.295%. The results indicate that the proposed technique provides excellent performance to extend the measuring range of the LVDT without modifying the LVDT structure.
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Murphy, Mark, John Remmers, and Erin Mosca. "0751 The use of a Digitally Milled Oral Appliance in the Treatment of Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A327—A328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.747.
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Abstract Introduction Oral appliances (OAs) that advance the mandible are commonly used for the treatment of mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but are less accepted as a therapy for severe OSA, likely due to their supposed lower rate of therapeutic success in that population. However, the preference for OAT over CPAP and relative lack of other non-surgical treatment options highlights the need for acceptance of OAT for all severities of OSA. Data from two prospective studies that collected data on OAT efficacy were analyzed retrospectively to evaluate the success rate of OAT in severe OSA using a digitally milled OA. Methods Data from the severe OSA cohorts of two studies conducted for the validation of an in-home auto-titration test were evaluated. Study participants (n = 41 with severe OSA) received a precision iterative advancement OA (ProSomnus Sleep Technologies, Pleasanton, CA). The OAs used in the studies were CAD/CAM generated from digital intraoral scans and precision milled from control cured grade PMMA. The OAs consisted of sets of upper and lower trays that, when interfaced together, allowed for advancement of the mandible to a treated position. Oral appliances were set to the target protrusion provided by an in-home auto-titration test that predicts response to OAT (MATRx plus; Zephyr Sleep Technologies, Calgary, Alberta, Canada). Participants not predicted to respond to OAT were assigned a sham mandibular protrusion. Oral appliance therapy was initiated at the target protrusive position, sham position, or highest tolerated position for individuals who were unable to have their OA inserted at target. Once participants were habituated to OAT, a 2-night home sleep apnea test (HSAT) was conducted to assess treatment efficaciousness, and the mandible was advanced as necessary to lower the respiratory event index (REI). Results The study population included 36 male and 5 female participants with a mean age of 50.6 ± 8.4 years (range: 32-74 years), mean BMI of 32.1 ± 5.5 kg/m2 (range: 19.8-45.4 kg/m2), mean baseline REI of 49.5 ± 17.1 h-1 (range: 30.3-101.8 h-1), and median Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score of 10 (range: 0-23). Oral appliance therapy was well-tolerated in the study population. The majority of study participants achieved some level of therapeutic success, with 73.2% of participants achieving a decrease in REI from baseline of at least 50% and 68.3% achieving an REI < 15 h-1. Of the study participants who achieved an REI < 15 h-1, the average protrusive position of the OA was 86.7±15.3% (range: 54.8-100%). Conclusion The OAs used in the studies provided efficacious treatment for the majority of individuals with severe OSA, indicating that oral appliance therapy could be a suitable alternative to CPAP. The rate of therapeutic success was higher than that reported previously in the literature and might be a result of the precision of appliances generated from digital intraoral scans using a CAD/CAM approach. Support (If Any) Study data were collected by and used with the permission of Zephyr Sleep Technologies. ProSomnus Sleep Technologies provided the OAs used in the studies.
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Huy, Dinh Tran Ngoc, Tran Thi Ngoc Linh, Nguyen Tien Dung, Phan Thi Thuy, Ta Van Thanh, and Nguyen Thanh Hoang. "Investment attraction for digital economy, digital technology sector in digital transformation era from ODA investment - and comparison to FDI investment in Vietnam." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3A (September 9, 2021): 427–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173a1425p.427-439.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Our study will make an examination of the relationship between official development assistance (ODA), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and economic growth (GDP) in an emerging economy such as Vietnam. Regarding to methods, authors use statistics, quantitative combined with qualitative analysis. However, in the long run, although GDP has a vague effect on ODA, on the contrary, ODA put a big (significantly) effect on GDP, at the beginning of the fifth year, the relationship is not clear between ODA and GDP to promote itself increase or decrease. Foreign aid also affects the growth of nations (negatively) and, over periods, positively contributes to economic growth. Last but not least, it must be confirmed that ODA is an extra capital source for investment in development of socio-economic infrastructure and a catalyst for other investment sources such as FDI and investment capital private sector.
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Matsuzawa, Koichi, Yuma Kohara, Soma Hirayama, Satoshi Yamada, and Akimitsu Ishihara. "(Digital Presentation) Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Non-Precious Metal Oxide-Based Electrocatalysts With and Without Low Potential Scan in Acidic Solution." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 44 (October 9, 2022): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02441690mtgabs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hydrogen energy ministerial meeting (H2 EM 2021) was held on Oct. 4, 2021 by the ministry of economy, trade and industry (METI) of Japanese government as online special event with cabinet members and officials from 29 countries, regions, and organizations. In the industrial session, 4 sessions were held, and the water electrolysis was one of the themes of industrial session. Panelists from several countries introduced state-of-art technologies of water electrolyzer [1]. In our previous study, the hydrogen producing from renewable energies is called as “Green Hydrogen” [2]. Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) has partly commercialized and recently applied its system for the Power-to-Gas (PtG). However, conventional anode is precious metal oxide such as IrO2 and the cost of raw material is expensive. From this point of view, the non-precious metal oxide anode should be required for green hydrogen production. We focused on tantalum and molybdenum oxide-based electrocatalyst (TaOx and MoOx) and have studied its catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) [3]. Moreover, TaOx with Mn addition showed much higher the OER activity than TaOx [4]. In this study, we have applied for MoOx with Mn addition for investigating the catalytic activity for the OER in acidic solution. Ti rod was used as substarate. MoOx was prepared by RF magnetron sputtering method. In the case of fabrication for Mn-MoOx, Mo metal piece for 40% surface area was set on the Mn disc as additional material. Each partial pressure of Ar and O2 gas was adjusted to 0.15 Pa in fabrication of Mn-MoOx. The substrate heating temperature was constant at 673 K during sputtering. We used conventional three electrode cell with each sample as working electrode while the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and carbon plate were used as reference and counter electrode to demonstrate the electrochemical measurement in 1 M H2SO4 solution with saturated nitrogen atmosphere at 303 K. Several samples were demonstrated pretreatment from 0.05 to 1.2 V vs. RHE before the measurement of OER. The slow scan voltammetry was performed from 1.2 to 2.0 V to evaluate the OER activity. We also carried out electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to obtain resistance components and semiconducting properties. In addition, samples before and after electrochemical measurement were analyzed by SEM-EDX and XPS. Figure 1 shows the Tafel plots of OER on Mo oxide-based electrocatalysts with and without Mn addition. The current density was based on geometric surface area. In the case of sample performing pretreatment, the Mn-MoOx with pretreatment (Mn-MoOx(Pre)) has obviously higher OER current than MoOx with pretreatment (MoOx(Pre)). Moreover, Mn-MoOx has higher OER current than Mn-MoOx(Pre), and the Tafel slope of OER on Mn-TaOx was 79 mV dec-1 the while the that on the Mn-MoOx(Pre) was 147 mV dec-1. From the results of EIS, the charge transfer resistance of Mn-MoOx was much smaller than that of Mn-MoOx(Pre) while the film resistance of was similar to that of Mn-MoOx(Pre). The results from SEM-EDX revealed that Mn amount in Mn-MoOx after the electrochemical measurement was constant compared to that before electrochemical measurement while Mn amount in Mn-MoOx(Pre) after electrochemical measurement was decreased compared to that before electrochemical measurement. From results from XPS analysis, Mn ratio in the Mn-MoOx after electrochemical measurement was constant compared to that before electrochemical measurement while Mn amount in Mn-MoOx(Pre) after electrochemical measurement was decreased compared to that before electrochemical measurement. Therefore, Mn species still remained on both surface and bulk in the case of Mn-MoOx while it was decreased in the case of Mn-MoOx(Pre). In Fig. 1, The peak over 1.5 V was detected from Tafel plots of both Mn-MoOx and Mn-MoOx(Pre). This peak corresponded to redox peak of Mn(III)/Mn(IV) [5], and it implied that Mn species affected on the OER activity. However, the electric charge of Mn(III)/Mn(IV) of Mn-MoOx was smaller than that of Mn-MnOx(Pre), and it is suggested that not only Mn oxide but also other species such as Mn-Mo compound oxide reacts as an active site of OER on Mn-MoOx. Acknowledgement: This work is partially supported by the Suzuki Foundation. Reference https://www.meti.go.jp/english/press/2021/1008_001.html Ota, A. Ishihara, K. Matsuzawa, and S. Mitsushima, Electrochemistry, 78, 970 (2010). Matsuzawa, S. Hirayama, K. Sumi, A. Ishihara, Abst. PRiME2020, I01F-2492, Online (2020). Matsuzawa, S. Hirayama, Y. Kohara, and A. Ishihara, ECS Trans, 104(8), 431 (2021). M. Morita, C. Iwakura, and H. Tamura, Electrochim. Acta, 24, 357 (1979). Figure 1
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Castañeda, R., P. Piedrahita-Quintero, and J. Garcia-Sucerquia. "Image processing and computing for digital holography with ImageJ." Optica Pura y Aplicada 48, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7149/opa.48.2.77.
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Gaviria-Mesa, J., D. Hincapie-Zuluaga, J. García-Sucerquia, N. Correa-Rojas, and J. Herrera-Ramírez. "Assessing digital micromirror devices for speckle noise control in digital holography." Optica Pura y Aplicada 50, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 371–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7149/opa.50.3.49069.
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Virk, G. S. "Digital implementation of strong variational algorithms." Optimal Control Applications and Methods 6, no. 3 (July 1985): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oca.4660060304.
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