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Статті в журналах з теми "Diffusion techniques"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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1

Bénière, François. "Tracer diffusion techniques." J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 86, no. 8 (1990): 1151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9908601151.

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2

Patel, Mahesh R., Bettina Siewert, Steven Warach, and Robert R. Edelman. "DIFFUSION AND PERFUSION IMAGING TECHNIQUES." Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America 3, no. 3 (August 1995): 425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1064-9689(21)00254-3.

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3

Mazzia, Annamaria, Giorgio Pini, and Flavio Sartoretto. "Meshless techniques for anisotropic diffusion." Applied Mathematics and Computation 236 (June 2014): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2014.03.032.

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4

Platt, Daniel E., and Fereydoon Family. "Validity of diffusion-enhancement techniques applied to diffusion-limited aggregation and other diffusive growth processes." Physical Review A 38, no. 9 (November 1, 1988): 4910–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.38.4910.

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5

Dung, Nguyen Tien, and Trinh Nhu Quynh. "Tail distribution of the integrated Jacobi diffusion process." Statistics, Optimization & Information Computing 8, no. 3 (July 1, 2020): 790–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.19139/soic-2310-5070-760.

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Анотація:

In this paper, we study the distribution of the integrated Jacobi diffusion processes with Brownian noise and fractional Brownian noise. Based on techniques of Malliavin calculus, we develop a unified method to obtain explicit estimates for the tail distribution of these integrated diffusions.

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6

Avasthi, D. K., and A. Tripathi. "Ion Beam Techniques for Study of Diffusion." Materials Science Forum 223-224 (July 1996): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.223-224.433.

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7

Cohen, Jack S. "Biomedical Applications of Diffusion-Weighted NMR Techniques." Israel Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 1-2 (November 2003): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/f773-r2cr-xehh-4931.

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8

Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge, and Alan Kackmeister. "The Diffusion of Integrated Pest Management Techniques." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 7, no. 4 (July 23, 1996): 71–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j064v07n04_08.

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9

Llatser, Ignacio, Albert Cabellos-Aparicio, Massimiliano Pierobon, and Eduard Alarcon. "Detection Techniques for Diffusion-based Molecular Communication." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 31, no. 12 (December 2013): 726–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2013.sup2.1213005.

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10

HUANG, CHONGFU. "INFORMATION DIFFUSION TECHNIQUES AND SMALL-SAMPLE PROBLEM." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 01, no. 02 (June 2002): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622002000142.

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Анотація:

Strong interests in the small-sample problem have been given towards for establishing several information diffusion techniques for pattern recognition. In this paper, we review and formalize three techniques: the soft histogram, the self-study discrete regression, and the interior-outer-set model. To promote the development of this area, in this paper we suggest two open topics: the anti-accuracy principle and the digital image compression technique based on the fuzzy if-then rules extracted by using information matrix technique.

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11

Ambrosini, D., D. Paoletti, and Nasser Rashidnia. "Overview of diffusion measurements by optical techniques." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 46, no. 12 (December 2008): 852–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2008.06.008.

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12

Hagmann, Patric, Lisa Jonasson, Philippe Maeder, Jean-Philippe Thiran, Van J. Wedeen, and Reto Meuli. "Understanding Diffusion MR Imaging Techniques: From Scalar Diffusion-weighted Imaging to Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Beyond." RadioGraphics 26, suppl_1 (October 2006): S205—S223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.26si065510.

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13

Smilek, Jiří, Michal Kalina, Marcela Laštůvková, Irena Türkeová, Petr Sedlacek, and Martina Klučáková. "Reactivity-Mapping Tool Based on Diffusion Techniques for Characterization of Biocolloids." Materials Science Forum 851 (April 2016): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.851.130.

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Анотація:

The universal reactivity-mapping tool was developed for characterization and study on barrier properties of selected biopolymers. The reactivity of biocolloids (humic acids) was studied by both diffusion techniques (break-through diffusion technique and non-stationary diffusion). The rate of reactivity of humic acids was compared by the interactions with basic cationic organic dye (Methylene Blue) because of the positive interactions among anionic supramolecular humic acids and cationic organic dyes were expected. The reactivity and barrier properties of biocolloids were compared by determination of fundamental diffusion parameters such as effective diffusion coefficient, sorption capacity, break-through time (the time needed for penetration of chosen organic dye through hydrogel porous barrier) or the concentration of organic dye on the interface hydrogel-solution. The original combination of simple diffusion experiments of suitable diffusion probe (organic dye) with the advantages of hydrogel porous media (simple preparation of hydrogels, the diffusion is undisturbed by convection, etc.) provides very valuable information about the reactivity of chosen biocolloids.

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14

Liu, Cui Yin, Chun Yu Zhang, Hong Zhao Yuan, and Xi Long Qu. "The Comparison of Isotropic and Anisotropic Diffusion Techniques for Image Denoising." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.557.

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The non-linear diffusion techniques were proposed for overcome the linear diffusion defaults. The linear diffusion was a homogeneous diffusivity with a constant conductivity. In this diffusion process, the noise and the edges were smoothed in the image. In order to prevent the edge from being smoothed during the denoising, the nonlinear diffusion was proposed by Pereona and Malik. In this method, noise was smoothed Simultaneously with the edges blurred. In diffusion processes, the conductivity is dependent on the image local information. We analyzed the ineffectiveness of isotropic and extended the work into the tensor-based anisotropic diffusion. It would be desirable to rotate the flux towards the orientation of interesting features. We compare the difference of isotroic linear and non-linear anisotropic diffusivity, and considere how to design non-linear anisotropic conductivity based on the different requires of the image filtering.

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15

Masutani, Yoshitaka, Shigeki Aoki, Osamu Abe, Naoto Hayashi, and Kuni Otomo. "MR diffusion tensor imaging: recent advance and new techniques for diffusion tensor visualization." European Journal of Radiology 46, no. 1 (April 2003): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0720-048x(02)00328-5.

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16

Wu, Tao, Zhifen Wang, Yanhua Tong, Yongya Wang, and Luc R. Van Loon. "Investigation of Re(VII) diffusion in bentonite by through-diffusion and modeling techniques." Applied Clay Science 166 (December 2018): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2018.08.023.

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17

Szmyt, Wojciech, Carlos Guerra, and Ivo Utke. "Diffusion of dilute gas in arrays of randomly distributed, vertically aligned, high-aspect-ratio cylinders." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (January 9, 2017): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.7.

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In this work we modelled the diffusive transport of a dilute gas along arrays of randomly distributed, vertically aligned nanocylinders (nanotubes or nanowires) as opposed to gas diffusion in long pores, which is described by the well-known Knudsen theory. Analytical expressions for (i) the gas diffusion coefficient inside such arrays, (ii) the time between collisions of molecules with the nanocylinder walls (mean time of flight), (iii) the surface impingement rate, and (iv) the Knudsen number of such a system were rigidly derived based on a random-walk model of a molecule that undergoes memoryless, diffusive reflections from nanocylinder walls assuming the molecular regime of gas transport. It can be specifically shown that the gas diffusion coefficient inside such arrays is inversely proportional to the areal density of cylinders and their mean diameter. An example calculation of a diffusion coefficient is delivered for a system of titanium isopropoxide molecules diffusing between vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Our findings are important for the correct modelling and optimisation of gas-based deposition techniques, such as atomic layer deposition or chemical vapour deposition, frequently used for surface functionalisation of high-aspect-ratio nanocylinder arrays in solar cells and energy storage applications. Furthermore, gas sensing devices with high-aspect-ratio nanocylinder arrays and the growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes need the fundamental understanding and precise modelling of gas transport to optimise such processes.

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18

Gärtner, Daniel, Lisa Belkacemi, Vladimir A. Esin, François Jomard, Andrey A. Fedotov, Juliana Schell, Julia V. Osinskaya, et al. "Techniques of Tracer Diffusion Measurements in Metals, Alloys and Compounds." Diffusion Foundations 29 (April 2021): 31–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.29.31.

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Tracer diffusion is one of most reliable techniques for providing basic kinetic data in solids. In the present review, selected direct methods, in particular the radiotracer measurements as a superior technique due to its high sensitivity, Secondary-Ion-Mass-Spectroscopy (SIMS) profiling, X-Ray Diffraction measurements and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry are presented and discussed. Special attention is put on the radiotracer technique describing the currently used sectioning techniques in detail with a focus on the experimental applications and complications. The relevant experimental results are exemplary shown. Furthermore, the most recent developments and advances related to the combined tracer/inter-diffusion measurements are highlighted. It is shown that this approach offers possibilities to provide the concentration-dependent tracer diffusion coefficients of the constituting elements in multi-component alloys in high-throughput experiments. Possibilities of estimating the tracer diffusion coefficients following different types of diffusion couple methods in binary and multicomponent systems are briefly introduced. Finally, specificity of SIMS analysis of diffusion in fine-grained materials are carefully analyzed. If applicable, a direct comparison of the results obtained by different techniques is given.

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19

Lengauer, Walter, and Marcel Bohn. "Thermochemical Basis of the Preparation of Well-Defined Transition Metal Carbide, Nitride and Carbonitride Reference Materials for Electron-Probe Microanalysis (EPMA)." Solid State Phenomena 274 (May 2018): 20–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.274.20.

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A common and straightforward method for the standardisation in electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) is the use of homogeneous reference materials prepared by various techniques such as by melting, sintering, high-temperature annealing and hot-pressing. The reference materials have to be analysed by independent methods accurately in order to define their “true” composition. For some compounds the preparation techniques are difficult because of their specific thermo-chemical properties (e.g. low diffusivities, high equilibrium nitrogen pressure, incongruent melting). In addition, many compounds show large homogeneity ranges with an a priori existing uncertainty in composition, contrary to what is generally preferred: to use compounds with a narrow homogeneity range (“line compounds”). For the latter, diffusional preparation techniques can be applied to yield diffusion layers instead of massive samples for standardisation. However, also single-phase samples with narrow homogeneity ranges can be prepared by diffusion, depending on the phase equilibria in the corresponding system. The presentation summarises efforts that have been made in order to prepare various reference materials for carbon and nitrogen standardisation of EPMA by various techniques. The boundary conditions such as phase stabilities, phase compositions and diffusion kinetics, which are important for their preparation to obtain well-defined reference samples are discussed. These samples were applied to various WDS/EPMA-based studies of phase diagrams and diffusion kinetics by means of Cameca SX 50 and SX 100 microprobes.

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20

Jurinak, J. J., S. S. Sandhu, and L. M. Dudley. "Ionic Diffusion Coefficients as Predicted by Conductometric Techniques." Soil Science Society of America Journal 51, no. 3 (May 1987): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1987.03615995005100030013x.

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21

Andreianov, Boris, and Noureddine Igbida. "On uniqueness techniques for degenerate convection-diffusion problems." International Journal of Dynamical Systems and Differential Equations 4, no. 1/2 (2012): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijdsde.2012.045992.

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22

Maginot, P. G., and T. A. Brunner. "Lumping Techniques for Mixed Finite Element Diffusion Discretizations." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Transport 47, no. 4-6 (May 8, 2018): 301–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23324309.2018.1461653.

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23

Rhead, G. E. "Particle array techniques: Application to surface diffusion measurements." Surface Science 192, no. 2-3 (December 1987): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(87)81150-0.

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24

Ramos, J. I. "Linearized factorization techniques for multidimensional reaction—diffusion equations." Applied Mathematics and Computation 100, no. 2-3 (May 1999): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0096-3003(98)00023-x.

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25

Raya, J. G., O. Dietrich, M. F. Reiser, and A. Baur-Melnyk. "Techniques for diffusion-weighted imaging of bone marrow." European Journal of Radiology 55, no. 1 (July 2005): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.01.014.

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26

Rhead, G. E. "Particle array techniques: Application to surface diffusion measurements." Surface Science Letters 192, no. 2-3 (December 1987): A576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(87)90823-1.

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27

Wesbey, George, and David Haynor. "Using NMR diffusion techniques to measure tissue perfusion." Magnetic Resonance Imaging 3, no. 3 (January 1985): 302–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0730-725x(85)90364-9.

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28

Korolkov, Oleg, Toomas Rang, A. Syrkin, and V. Dmitriev. "Diffusion Welding Techniques for Power SiC Schottky Packaging." Materials Science Forum 527-529 (October 2006): 919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.527-529.919.

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Анотація:

This paper is devoted to the results of a diffusion welding technique applied to solve the problem of packaging for large area SiC Schottky diodes. To supply low defect density substrates for fabrication of 0.3 cm2 Schottky diodes TDI defect-reducing technology was used. Diodes were fabricated on CVD grown low-doped 4H-SiC single epitaxial layer without edge termination. Double layer Ni-Au and triple layer Ti-Ni-Au sputter metallization were used for Schottky contacts fabrication. Non-rectifying backside contacts were provided by Ni-Au metallization. Diodes were tested on-wafer and delivered for dicing, and packaging. To decrease the parasitic spreading resistance the thickness of initial sputter metallization was increased by diffusion welded 30 μm metal foil. Combined thick and plane metal layers make it possible to perform the clamp mode package used in power electronics. This scheme of packaging ensures current takeoff from the whole contact area and allows operating temperatures up to 600°C. The forward current-voltage characteristics measured at 75 A measured for packaged diodes yields 250 A/cm2 (70A) at 1.9 V forward voltage. Reverse recovery time for packaged diodes was in the range of 29-36 ns.

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29

Seeger, A. "Diffusion of Hydrogen in Metals: Techniques and Mechanisms*." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 164, Part_1 (January 1989): 763–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/zpch.1989.164.part_1.0763.

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30

Richstone, Lee, and Louis R. Kavoussi. "Barriers to the diffusion of advanced surgical techniques." Cancer 112, no. 8 (2008): 1646–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.23369.

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31

Sari, Murat, and Huseyin Tunc. "Finite element based hybrid techniques for advection-diffusion-reaction processes." An International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories & Applications (IJOCTA) 8, no. 2 (February 4, 2018): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11121/ijocta.01.2018.00452.

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In this paper, numerical solutions of the advection-diffusion-reaction (ADR) equation are investigated using the Galerkin, collocation and Taylor-Galerkin cubic B-spline finite element method in strong form of spatial elements using an ?-family optimization approach for time variation. The main objective of this article is to capture effective results of the finite element techniques with B-spline basis functions under the consideration of the ADR processes. All produced results are compared with the exact solution and the literature for various versions of problems including pure advection, pure diffusion, advection-diffusion, and advection-diffusion-reaction equations. It is proved that the present methods have good agreement with the exact solution and the literature.

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32

Li, Huacheng, Chunhe Xia, Tianbo Wang, Sheng Wen, Chao Chen, and Yang Xiang. "Capturing Dynamics of Information Diffusion in SNS: A Survey of Methodology and Techniques." ACM Computing Surveys 55, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 1–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485273.

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Studying information diffusion in SNS (Social Networks Service) has remarkable significance in both academia and industry. Theoretically, it boosts the development of other subjects such as statistics, sociology, and data mining. Practically, diffusion modeling provides fundamental support for many downstream applications (e.g., public opinion monitoring, rumor source identification, and viral marketing). Tremendous efforts have been devoted to this area to understand and quantify information diffusion dynamics. This survey investigates and summarizes the emerging distinguished works in diffusion modeling. We first put forward a unified information diffusion concept in terms of three components: information, user decision, and social vectors, followed by a detailed introduction of the methodologies for diffusion modeling. And then, a new taxonomy adopting hybrid philosophy (i.e., granularity and techniques) is proposed, and we made a series of comparative studies on elementary diffusion models under our taxonomy from the aspects of assumptions, methods, and pros and cons. We further summarized representative diffusion modeling in special scenarios and significant downstream tasks based on these elementary models. Finally, open issues in this field following the methodology of diffusion modeling are discussed.

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33

Chayen, Naomi E. "Comparative Studies of Protein Crystallization by Vapour-Diffusion and Microbatch Techniques." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 54, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444997005374.

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Анотація:

Numerous reports have been published in the literature which describe the crystallization of macromolecules by a variety of crystallization methods, including the vapour-diffusion and microbatch techniques. This topical review compares the results of examples of proteins which were crystallized by both vapour-diffusion and microbatch methods. The inherent features of the vapour-diffusion and microbatch methods are discussed and some specific conditions where one method appears more favourable than the other are reported. Guidelines for the conversion of crystallization conditions from vapour diffusion to microbatch (and vice versa) are also presented.

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34

Roceanu, Adina, Mihaela Onu, Liviu Badea, and Ovidiu Bajenaru. "Imaging brain networks - short presentation of new techniques." Romanian Journal of Neurology 12, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjn.2013.4.3.

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The brain is organized into large-scale functional networks with interactions between them. For the purpose of imaging brain networks, two fMRI techniques are particularly helpful. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is based on the detection of water diffusion, which occurs preferentially in the longitudinal direction of axons, providing a mean to imagine the anatomy of axonal bundles. Functional connectivity is based on the relative synchrony of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal across brain regions that work together.

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35

Armstrong, Clare L., Laura Toppozini, Hannah Dies, Antonio Faraone, Michihiro Nagao, and Maikel C. Rheinstädter. "Incoherent Neutron Spin-Echo Spectroscopy as an Option to Study Long-Range Lipid Diffusion." ISRN Biophysics 2013 (March 31, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/439758.

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Diffusion is the fundamental mechanism for lipids and other molecules to move in a membrane. It is an important process to consider in modelling the formation of membrane structures, such as rafts. Lipid diffusion is mainly studied by two different techniques: incoherent neutron scattering and fluorescence microscopy. Both techniques access distinctly different length scales. While neutron scattering measures diffusion over about 3 lipid diameters, microscopic techniques access motions of lipids over micrometer distances. The diffusion constants which are determined by these two methods often differ by about an order of magnitude, with the neutrons usually seeing a faster lipid diffusion. Different theories are used to describe lipid diffusion in the two experiments. In order to close the “gap” between these two techniques, we propose to study lipid diffusion at mesoscopic length scales using a neutron spin-echo (NSE) spectrometer. We have conducted an experiment in highly oriented, solid supported lipid bilayers to prove the feasibility of performing incoherent NSE on biological samples. Lateral lipid diffusion was measured in a fluid phase model membrane system at a length scale of 12 Å. Using the high-energy resolution of the NSE technique, we find evidence for two dynamic processes.

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36

Mehrer, Helmut. "Diffusion in Quasi-Crystalline Alloys." Diffusion Foundations 9 (October 2016): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.9.42.

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Анотація:

In this Chapter, we review knowledge about diffusion in quasi-crystalline alloys (quasicrystals). In Section 1 we first remind the reader of some major aspects of the quasi-crystalline state and in Section 2 we introduce phase diagrams with quasi-crystalline phases, for which detailed diffusion studies are available. We mention in Section 3 the more common experimental methods for diffusion studies. The diffusive motion of atoms in quasi-crystalline alloys can be studied by the same techniques used for crystalline metallic alloys and intermetallics – measurements of radiotracer diffusion and diffusion of stable isotopes and solute atoms by SIMS profiling. The best-studied quasi-crystalline alloys are icosahedral AlPdMn, icosahedral ZnMgRE (RE = rare earth metal), and decagonal AlNiCo. The major diffusion results for these quasicrystals are reviewed in Sections 4, 5, and 6. Section 7 is devoted to the pressure dependence of diffusion in quasicrystals and to a comparison of the activation volumes with those of crystalline metals. Positron annihilation studies are also mentioned, which together with activation volumes for diffusion strongly favour a vacancy mechanism in quasicrystals. The major results and conclusions are summarized in Section 8.

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37

RAMOS, J. I. "IMPLICIT FACTORIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL, ANISOTROPIC, REACTIVE–DIFFUSIVE MEDIA WITH CROSS-DIFFUSION EFFECTS." International Journal of Computational Engineering Science 05, no. 03 (September 2004): 681–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1465876304002630.

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38

Pozorski, J., and A. Kajzer. "Density diffusion in low Mach number flows." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2367, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2367/1/012027.

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Abstract In the realm of compressible viscous flow modelling, we briefly revisit the debate on a possible inconsistency of the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations. Then, we recall a recent proposal from the literature, put forward by M. Svärd. One of its features is the mass diffusive term in the continuity equation. The presence of density diffusion in the Svärd model reduces dispersive numerical errors when simple centred 2nd order, numerical diffusion free, spatial schemes are used, as confirmed in the simulations of a doubly-periodic shear layer at Ma = 0.05 and Re = 104. Further reduction of the dispersive errors at the spatial discretisation level is possible by more sophisticated approximation techniques.

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39

PADMANABHAMURTY, B., and RN GUPTA. "An urban diffusion model for Delhi using computer techniques." MAUSAM 37, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v37i1.2152.

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Анотація:

A source oriented urban diffusion model for Delhi with area, elevated point and moving sources, based on the model developed by Hanna is utilised in obtaining spatial and temporal variations of SO2 concentrations, Average and maximum concentrations computed by the model fairly agreed with the monitored values.

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