Дисертації з теми "Diffusion en milieux poreux"
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Logvinova, Kira. "Modèles mathématiques pour la diffusion en milieux poreux hétérogènes." Avignon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AVIG0501.
Повний текст джерелаMAMMAR, BENSAKHRIA NASSIMA. "Conductivite, permeabilite et diffusion dans des milieux poreux finement divises." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066689.
Повний текст джерелаDabat, Thomas. "Anisotropie des milieux poreux argileux et implication sur la diffusion de l'eau." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2277/document.
Повний текст джерелаClay minerals are ubiquitous at the surface of the Earth and can influence, among other properties, the permeability and the ionic exchange properties of soils and rocks due to their platy shape and their most often (sub)micrometric size. Thus, studying clay porous media is of prime importance for different research fields such as: the exploitation and conservation of natural resources, the tracking of pollutants or CO2 storage. While the physicochemical properties of the surface of clay minerals control the adsorption-desorption mechanisms of water and ions, it is the porosity and the anisotropy of the poral network that govern diffusion phenomenon within clay porous media. In this respect, the work presented in the following doctoral thesis focuses on the characterization of clay particle orientation and its influence on anisotropic diffusion properties of water in the associated pores. A first part of this manuscript gathers systematic structural analyses of various model and natural samples. One study presents the analyze of experimental and simulated stackings made from sedimented discs with a unique particle size. Results underlined a simple correlation between the particle orientation anisotropy and the poral network anisotropy. Then, an other study was performed on experimental media made of pure clay minerals for various mineralogical compositions and various preparation methods. Based on this data, a reference function was proposed to describe the experimental orientation distribution functions and was successfully applied to three natural porous media. These results aim to facilitate and improve the description of the preferential orientation of clay particles as part of a geometrical characterization of clay porous media. A second part of this manuscript try to describe the link between the anisotropy of the solid phase, previously characterize by the particle orientation, and the prediction of water diffusion coefficients in these clay porous media. A study using both simulated and experimental media was performed on kaolinite porous media presenting contrasted anisotropy and with all other parameters held equal (porosity of the medium, size and shape of particles). Results show a variation of water diffusion coefficients with a factor 2 in the longitudinal direction, compared to the compaction axis, and an anisotropic diffusive ratio varying from 1 (isotropic) to almost 5 (most anisotropic medium analyzed). Then, complementary measures allowed establishing a modified version of Archie’s law that predicts water diffusion coefficients from the porosity/particle orientation couple for a range of porosity of 30-60%. These results aim to improve the description of the orientational anisotropy of clay particles in macroscopic diffusion models of water. Simultaneously, the influence of a salinity gradient and the roles of interparticular and interfoliar porosities are discussed for the diffusion of water, Na+, and Cl- within vermiculite media (charged media with double porosity) for known structural organizations
Eriksen, Fredrik. "Ecoulements dans des fractures et milieux poreux en évolution." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAH001/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is an experimental study of flow and transformation of porous media, where we study both fast and slow transformation of the media due to fluid flow. The fast process is mechanical deformation and channel formation due to high fluid pressure, and the slow process is chemical evolution of fractures. In the study of fast deformation, we perform experiments where air is injected at a constant overpressure into a saturated or dry granular medium. From recorded images, we characterize Saffman-Taylor like invasion patterns, surrounding deformation of the medium, flow regimes, and channel growth dynamics. Pore pressure is evaluated numerically, and used to characterize the rheology. In the study of slow transformation, we perform experiments where distilled water is injected at a constant flow rate through a fractured chalk sample. By comparing fracture apertures measured before and after experiments, we study the evolution of fractures for different durations of reactive flow
Mizyakin, Yuri. "Différents problèmes théoriques et appliqués de transport dissipatif en milieux poreux." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL040N/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis concerns three independent subject areas: the dissipative transport in heterogeneous geological media; a transport problem in an underground gas reservoir; compositional segregation in reservoirs. The common point of all examined problems is the irreversible redistribution of chemical composition of a fluid in the reservoirs. The first chapter is devoted to development of a microscopic model of simultaneous mass and heat transfer in agreement with thermodynamic principles. The second chapter is dedicated to study of multi-component diffusion in a heterogeneous medium. This study aims an application to transport phenomena in hydrocarbon reservoirs characterized firstly by diversity of transported substances (several components + heat) and their interaction (in Onsager’s meaning) and secondly by anisotropy of medium where they take place. The third chapter is dedicated to analytical study of underground gas storage sweeping due to gas dissolution in aquifer. In the fourth chapter the same problem (gas sweeping) was studied numerically in a less idealized approach using finite element method. The fifth chapter is dedicated to study of forced convection taking place in the reservoirs where the temperature gradient and gravity force are not collinear. This convection represents an element of the thermo-gravitational component segregation employed in industry (thermo-gravitational columns) and can take place in underground reservoirs
Labrie, Josée. "Étude théorique de la diffusion de particules et de polymères en milieux poreux." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ58470.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAnoua, Mohammed. "Reconnaissance de coefficients de transferts en milieux poreux diffusion, bois et conduction, sol." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375954727.
Повний текст джерелаAnouar, Khalid. "Rôle de la diffusion moléculaire dans les transferts des masse : application aux milieux à double porosité." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10064.
Повний текст джерелаWintzenrieth, Frederic. "Propagation du Son et Diffusion de la Lumière dans les mousses." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066067/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims at characterizing and understanding acoustic wave propagation in ordered solid foams. We developed a new acoustic probe based on coherent light multiple scattering. This probe called Laser Speckle Visibility Acoustic Spectroscopy is sensitive to the displacement field induced by the acoustic wave in time and space, so that the wave dispersion relation and attenuation can be measured. We validated LSVAS measuring the aforementioned properties in aqueous foams which viscoelastic properties were already known. We then elaborated solid foams with ordered structures by gelling monodisperse liquid foams produced with a microfluidic generator. Generating acoustic waves in a wave guide filled with such a gelled foam, we studied their propagation in a frequency range up to 10 kHz. Longitudinal and transverse wave velocities but also attenuation lengths simultaneously measured at low frequency show that the acoustic wave propagates in solid foam like in an effective viscoelastic continuous medium. Longitudinal and transverse wave velocity variations of this slow mode with gas volume fraction are well described by Wood's law and agree with the semi-empirical law suggested by Ashby & Gibson. At frequencies higher than a few hundred hertz, the transverse wavelength approaches the bubble size and this slow mode is not observed any more. Meanwhile, a much faster mode, which velocity compares to the sound wave velocity in air, appears. We show how this regime and the strong coupling between film and gas displacement in the framework of Biot's acoustic theory
Valfouskaya-Fonade, Alena. "Modélisation numérique de la diffusion en milieux poreux : applications à la résonance magnétique nucléaire." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066363.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Ossmani Mustapha. "Méthodes numériques pour la simulation des écoulements miscibles en milieux poreux hétérogènes." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3005.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we are interested in numerical methods for a model of incompressible and miscible flows having application in hydrogeology and oil engineering. We study and analyze a numerical scheme combining a mixed finite element method (MFE) and a finite volumes method (FV) to discretize the coupled system between an elliptic equation (pressure-velocity) and a convection-diffusion-reaction equation (concentration). The FV scheme considered is "vertex centred" type semiimplicit in time: explicit for the convection and implicit for the diffusion. We use a Godunov scheme to approach the convectif term and a P 1 finite element approximation for the diffusion term. We prove that the FV scheme is La and BV stable and satisfy the discrete maximum principle under a suitable CFL condition. Then, we show the convergence of the approximate solution obtained by the combined scheme MFE-FV towards the solution of the coupled problem. The proof of convergence is done in several steps : first we deduce strong convergence of the approximate solution in L2(Q), using La stability, BV estimates and a compactness argument. In the second step we study the decoupled MFE scheme, by giving a convergence result for the pressure and velocity. In the final step, the process of convergence of the approximate solution of the combined scheme MFE-FV towards the exact solution is obtained by passing in the limit and uniqueness of the solution of the continuous problem. . . Finally, we analyze a residual error estimator for a convection-diffusion-reaction equation discretized by a semi-implicit finite volume. We introduce two kinds of indicators. The first is local in time and space and constitutes an effective tool for the adaptation of the grid to each time step. The second is total in space but local in time and can be used for the adaptation in time. The error etimators with respect to both time and space yield global upper and local lower bounds on the error measured in the energy norm. Numerical results of adaptations of grid are presented and show the effectiveness of the method. The software part of this work concerns two shutters. The first allowed to carry out an IMPES simulator, MFlow, written in C++, for the simulation of the system of miscible flows considered in this thesis. The second shutter relates to the collaboration with a group of researchers for the development of the Homogenizer++ platform realized within the framework of the GDR MoMaS (http://momas. Univ-lyon1. Fr/)
Skachkov, Sergey. "Modèle macroscopique de la dispersion diphasique en milieux poreux et fracturés." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPL064N/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of the thesis is to develop the homogenized model of a two-phase flow through a porous and fractured medium by highlighting the dynamic mixing between the phases, caused by the medium heterogeneity. Attention is focused on the influence of the capillarity. The two-scale homogenization is applied. The mixing is manifested in form of the hydrodynamic dispersion and renormalized advection. The dispersion tensor, determined by the cell problem, is a nonlinear function of saturation, flow velocity, viscosity ratio and capillary number. For a fractured medium the method of streamline configurations was advanced for a two- phase case. This method enables to obtain the dispersion tensor and the effective permeability in analytical form for periodic fractured networks or in semi-analytical form for random networks. The simulation of two- phase displacement based on the new model is performed
Amir, Laila. "Modèles couplés en milieux poreux : transport réactif et fractures." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373688.
Повний текст джерелаCe travail est divisé en trois parties : la première partie contient une analyse de différents schémas numériques pour la discrétisation des problèmes d'advection-diffusion, notamment par une technique de séparation d'opérateurs, ainsi que leur mise en oeuvre informatique, dans un code industriel.
La deuxième partie, qui est la contribution majeure de cette thèse, est consacrée à la modélisation et à l'implémentation d'une méthode de couplage globale pour le transport réactif. Le système couplé transport-chimie est décrit, après discrétisation en temps, par un système d'équations non linéaires. La taille du système sous-jacent, à savoir le nombre de points de grille multiplié par le nombre d'espèces chimiques, interdit la résolution du système linéaire par une méthode directe. Pour remédier à cette difficulté, nous utilisons une méthode de Newton-Krylov qui évite de former et de factoriser la matrice Jacobienne.
Dans la dernière partie, nous présentons un modèle d'écoulement dans un milieu fracturé tridimensionnel, basé sur une méthode de décomposition de domaine, et qui traite l'intersection des fractures. Nous démontrons l'existence et l'unicité de la solution, et nous validons le modèle par des tests numériques.
Khitab, Anwar. "Modélisation des transferts ioniques dans les milieux poreux saturés : application à la pénétration des chlorures à travers les matériaux cimentaires." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAT0014.
Повний текст джерелаHere the problem of ionic species transport through concrete porous media has been documented. Chloride ions penetration in cementitious materials is one of the processes widely responsible for the degradation of concrete structures. Here, a one-dimensional model based on a multi-species approach of the ionic transport is presented. It is the new version of a previous model MsDiff developed a few years ago in our group [TRU 00] that describes the diffusion of ionic species with the Nernst-Planck equation instead of Fick's laws. With a multi-species approach, it is possible to take into account the interactions existing among different ionic species in pore solution of concrete. The numerical scheme of the model is based on finite difference method with Crank-Nickolson and Law-Wendroff techniques. In order to run MsDiff, we need an input data. Several experiments were performed accordingly to provide experimental feedback to MsDiff. Standard immersion tests were conducted to validate the outcomes of MsDiff. Special attention is given to the diffusion coefficients of the ions and the interactions between the ionic species and the solid phase. In addition to MsDiff, some other existing models were also tried for the sake of comparison with the experimental chloride profiles. Certain experimentation was conducted to watch the effect of exposure period, concrete age at exposure and concentration in the environmental solution. In the end, the simulations were performed with MsDiff in order to calculate the chloride-induced corrosion initiation time using the experimental data already achieved while making use of different criteria adopted by different research groups
Guilbert, Gérard. "Étude des caractéristiques optiques de milieux poreux semi-transparents." Nancy 1, 1985. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1985_0225_GUILBERT.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRIGORD, PATRICK. "Diffusion d'ondes de pression et reversibilite de la dispersion de traceurs dans les milieux poreux." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066669.
Повний текст джерелаVu, Thai-Hoa. "Caractérisation de la phase solide et transferts de gaz dans les milieux poreux insaturés : étude expérimentale et modélisation appliquées à la diffusion de l'hydrogène dans les matériaux cimentaires." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000324/.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis documents the relationship between the porous microstructure of cement based materials and theirs gaseous diffusivity properties relative to the aqueous phase location and the global saturation level of the material. The materials studied are cement pastes and mortars. To meet the thesis objective, the materials are characterized in detail by means of several experimental methods: mercury intrusion porosimetry, water porosimetry, thermoporometry, nitrogen sorption and water desorption. In addition, diffusion tests realized on materials maintained in controlled humidity chambers allow obtaining the effective hydrogen diffusivity as function of the microstructure and the saturation state of material with a gas chromatography. The experimental results are then used as a data base that is compared to a modeling approach. The model developed consists of a combination of ordinary diffusion (Fick regime) and Knudsen diffusion of hydrogen. The model also accounts for the effects of the liquid curtains, the impact of tortuosity on gas diffusion, and the saturation level of the porous system
Albergamo, Francesco. "Etude par diffusion de neutrons des propriétés dynamiques de l'hélium liquide confiné dans des milieux poreux." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112248.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of liquid helium confined into porous materials should allow for a better understanding of the relation between superfluidity and Bose-Einstein condensation, lacking, at present, of a satisfactory theoretical description. Experiments on confined liquid helium are quite difficult and samples should be prepared very carefully. One should know at best the confining material characteristics and should control the actual filling status of the porous sample. To achieve this condition, we added an experimental stage to the procedure commonly used in the studies conducted insofar. We conducted helium adsortion isotherms on each porous sample supposed to be used as a confining sample. In this way we were able to know, with a high degree of precision, the amount of helium necessary to fill the porous sample. We also get information on macroscopic phenomena occurring during the filling procedure. Some experimental tricks have been used in order to avoid condensation of liquid helium into the injection pipe. .
Albergamo, Francesco. "Etude par diffusion de neutrons des proprietes dynamiques de l'helium liquide confine dans des milieux poreux." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006127.
Повний текст джерелаPlantevin, Olivier. "Etude des excitations de l'4He liquide dans des milieux poreux par diffusion inélastique de neutrons." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10205.
Повний текст джерелаApoung, Kamga Jean-Baptiste. "Eléments finis discontinus et zoom numérique : applications aux écoulements dans les milieux poreux." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066634.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Ossmani Mustapha. "Méthodes Numériques pour la Simulation des Ecoulements Miscibles en Milieux Poreux Hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009683.
Повний текст джерелаOukili, Hamza. "Flow and transport in complex porous media : particle methods." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0056.
Повний текст джерелаParticle methods have been extensively used for modeling transport problems in porous soils, aquifers, and reservoirs. They reduce or avoid some of the problems of Eulerian methods, e.g. instabilities, excessive artificial diffusion, mass balance, and/or oscillations that could lead to negative concentrations. This thesis develops a new class of gridless Lagrangian particle methods for modeling flow and transport phenomena in complex porous media with heterogeneities and discontinuities. Firstly, stochastic processes are reviewed, in relation to particle positions X(t) and to the corresponding macroscopic Advection-Diffusion Equation (ADE). This review leads to the conditions required for the Probability Density Function (PDF) of X(t) to satisfy the Fokker-Planck equation (and the ADE). However, one of these conditions is the differentiability of transport coefficients: therefore, discontinuities are difficult to treat, particularly discontinuous diffusion D(x) and porosity q(x). In the literature on particle Random Walks, the methods used to handle discontinuous diffusion required excessively small time steps. These restrictions on the time step lead to inefficient algorithms. In this study, we propose a novel approach without restrictions on time step size. The novel RWPT (Random Walk Particle Tracking) algorithms proposed here are discrete in time and continuous in space (gridless). They are based on an adaptive “Stop&Go” time-stepping, combined with partial reflection/refraction schemes, and extended with three new concepts: negative mass particles; adaptive mass particles; and “homing” particles. To test the new Stop&Go RWPT schemes in infinite domains, we develop analytical and semi-analyticalsolutions for diffusion in the presence of multiple interfaces (discontinuous multi-layered medium) in infinite domains. The results show that the proposed Stop&Go RWPT schemes (with adaptive, negative, or homing particles) fit extremely well the semi-analytical solutions, even for very high contrasts for transport properties even in the neighborhood of the interfaces. The schemes provide a correct diffusive solution in only a few macro-steps (macroscopic time steps), with a precision that depends only on the number of particles, and not on the macro-step. The algorithms are then, extended from infinite to semi-infinite and finite domains. Dirichlet conditions are particularly difficult to implement in particle methods. Thus, in this thesis we propose different methods on how to implement Dirichlet boundary conditions with the “discontinuous” RWPT algorithm. This study proposes an algorithm to solve diffusion equations semi-analytically in heterogeneous semi-infinite and finite domains with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The RWPT Dirichlet methods are then checked analytically and verified for various configurations. Finally, the RWPT method is applied for studying diffusion at different scales in 2D composite media (grain/pore systems). A zero-flux condition is assumed locally at the grain/pore interfaces. At the macro-scale, diffusion occurs in an equivalent effective homogeneous medium with macroscopic parameters (porosity and effective diffusion coefficients) obtained from the temporal evolution of second order moments. The RWPT algorithm is then applied to more complex geometries of grains and pores. Different configurations or structures at the micro-scale level will be chosen in order to obtain composite isotropic media at the macro-scale level with different porosities. Then, by choosing elongated micro-structures, anisotropy effects emerge at the macroscopic level. Effective macro-scale properties (porosities, effective diffusion tensors, tortuosities) are calculated using the second order moment. The different methods proposed in this thesis can be used for different problems, since each has its drawbacks and advantages. The schemes proposed seem promising with a view to extensions towards more complex 3D geometries
Kuntz, Jean-François. "Les techniques de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire appliquées à l'étude structurale de matériaux : imagerie et diffusion en milieux confinés." Nancy 1, 2007. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2007_0141_KUNTZ.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаOur recent interest for porous media with high opened porosity leads us to develop and use new tools based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) to characterize porous structures. NMR pulsed field gradients measurements of the restrained diffusion of confined fluids constitute an efficient method to probe the local geometry in a porous media. The evolution of the apparent diffusion coefficient (Dapp) yields average information on the surface / volume ratio of porosity and tortuosity of the network. Applying an Inverse Laplace Transform in the second dimension, experiments reveal a relationship between resonance frequencies and local geometry, confirmed by the exchange spectroscopy (EXSY). Another source of information (size and heterogeneity of the network) was given by the diffusive diffraction pattern, obtained on model samples (packed spheres embedded with water) and for the very first time on a reel porous polymer using B1 gradients
Straubhaar, Benjamin. "Pore network modelling of condensation in gas diffusion layers of proton exchange membrane fuel cell." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19261/1/Straubhaar_B.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаFaurel, Michaël. "Conception et mise en place d'expériences de diffusion de l'eau et de solutés dans des milieux poreux modèles d'argiles gonflantes." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2320/document.
Повний текст джерелаMost of existing data on diffusion of water and solutes were obtained either on extremely complex clayey rocks or on seemingly more simple samples prepared from sodium-saturated swelling clay minerals, namely smectites. Because these latter can exhibit in water-saturated conditions various organizations not yet fully understood (gel phase-floc-stable suspension), it is still difficult to constrain dual-porosity media modeling (pore or interlayer water) sometimes considered for interpreting results from diffusion experiments. A model system for swelling clay minerals, mimicking a true dual-porosity medium, was obtained by using three size fractions of a Na-vermiculite. These fractions do not exhibit gel-like behavior in water-saturated conditions but rather well defined particles, whose morphology and organization have been characterized. An experimental set-up was designed for the investigation of HDO and Br- diffusion in these size-fractions as a function of porosity. The main advantage of this set up is that it allows assessing for the organizational homogeneity of a sample prepared by sedimentation process through X-ray tomography measurements, an assumption considered for diffusion modeling. The obtained results showed that this new method for sample preparation leads to more homogeneous samples as compared to classical procedures. The first perspectives concerning the use of these dual-porosity model systems are drawn from the first diffusion results obtained, as the well-controlled geometrical characteristics of these model systems successfully help in balancing the contribution of the different potential transport processes
Saint-Macary, Patrick. "Analyse mathématique de modèles de diffusion en milieu poreux élastique." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007651.
Повний текст джерелаMARCOUX, MANUEL. "Contribution a l'etude de la diffusion thermogravitationnelle en milieu poreux." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30289.
Повний текст джерелаMainguy, Marc. "Modèles de diffusion non linéaire en milieux poreux. Applications a la dissolution et au séchage des matériaux cimentaires." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869152.
Повний текст джерелаMaisse, Éric. "Analyse et simulations numériques de phénomènes de diffusion-dissolution - précipitation en milieux poreux, appliquées au stockage de déchets." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10021.
Повний текст джерелаMainguy, Marc. "Modeles de diffusion non lineaire en milieux poreux. Applications a la dissolution et au sechage des materiaux cimentaires." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1999. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869152.
Повний текст джерелаMesnier, Raphaël. "Étude des liens entre la texture et les propriétés de diffusion de molécules modèles dans des milieux poreux bimodaux." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7773/1/mesnier.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMesnier, Raphaël Quintard Michel. "Étude des liens entre la texture et les propriétés de diffusion de molécules modèles dans des milieux poreux bimodaux." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2009. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000743.
Повний текст джерелаDartois, Arthur. "Étude de la macro-dispersion de particules inertes dans des milieux poreux 3D fortement hétérogènes." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2317/document.
Повний текст джерелаHeterogeneous porous media have been intensively studied these last fifty years. The popularity of this subject come from the multiple areas where these researches can be applied and their importance to our society. Whether from the oil companies that want to optimize their methods of production, environmental control agencies who want to prevent contamination of ground water and leakage of nuclear waste or industrial with drainage issues and mine rehabilitation, all these actors depend on research done in this area. However, one of the main problems of this subject is the accessibility of these porous media which are often several hundred meters underground. To overcome this, many teams have turned to computer simulation. This thesis is among them and uses the PARADIS module from the hydrogeology software H2olab to model particle transport in highly heterogeneous porous media. Thanks to the data obtained and comparisons with the literature, we show the impact of switching from a 2D to a 3D porous media on the ow topology and the repercussions on the particle transport. Furthermore, we also investigated the effect of molecular diffusion coefficients on macro-dispersion. Finally, we will propose two empirical functions linking macro-dispersion variance of the permeability field and molecular diffusion
Pinson, François Simonin Olivier. "Modélisation à l'échelle macroscopique d'un écoulement turbulent au sein d'un milieu poreux." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000287.
Повний текст джерелаDavarzani, Hossein. "Déterminations théorique et expérimentale des coefficients de diffusion et de thermodiffusion en milieu poreux." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0003/document.
Повний текст джерелаA multicomponent system, under nonisothermal condition, shows mass transfer with cross effects described by the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The flow dynamics and convective patterns in mixtures are more complex than those of one-component fluids due to interplay between advection and mixing, solute diffusion, and thermal diffusion (or Soret effect). This can modify species concentrations of fluids crossing through a porous medium and leads to local accumulations. There are many important processes in nature and industry where thermal diffusion plays a crucial role. Thermal diffusion has various technical applications, such as isotope separation in liquid and gaseous mixtures, identification and separation of crude oil components, coating of metallic parts, etc. In porous media, the direct resolution of the convection-diffusion equations are practically impossible due to the complexity of the geometry; therefore the equations describing average concentrations, temperatures and velocities must be developed. They might be obtained using an up-scaling method, in which the complicated local situation (transport of energy by convection and diffusion at pore scale) is described at the macroscopic scale. At this level, heat and mass transfers can be characterized by effective tensors. The aim of this thesis is to study and understand the influence that can have a temperature gradient on the flow of a mixture. The main objective is to determine the effective coefficients modelling the heat and mass transfer in porous media, in particular the effective coefficient of thermodiffusion. To achieve this objective, we have used the volume averaging method to obtain the modelling equations that describes diffusion and thermodiffusion processes in a homogeneous porous medium. These results allow characterising the modifications induced by the thermodiffusion on mass transfer and the influence of the porous matrix properties on the thermodiffusion process. The obtained results show that the values of these coefficients in porous media are completely different from the one of the fluid mixture, and should be measured in realistic conditions, or evaluated with the theoretical technique developed in this study. Particularly, for low Péclet number (diffusive regime) the ratios of effective diffusion and thermodiffusion to their molecular coefficients are almost constant and equal to the inverse of the tortuosity coefficient of the porous matrix, while the effective thermal conductivity is varying by changing the solid conductivity. In the opposite, for high Péclet numbers (convective regime), the above mentioned ratios increase following a power law trend, and the effective thermodiffusion coefficient decreases. In this case, changing the solid thermal conductivity also changes the value of the effective thermodiffusion and thermal conductivity coefficients. Theoretical results showed also that, for pure diffusion, even if the effective thermal conductivity depends on the particle-particle contact, the effective thermal diffusion coefficient is always constant and independent of the connectivity of the solid phase. In order to validate the theory developed by the up-scaling technique, we have compared the results obtained from the homogenised model with a direct numerical simulation at the microscopic scale. These two problems have been solved using COMSOL Multiphysics, a commercial finite elements code. The results of comparison for different parameters show an excellent agreement between theoretical and numerical models. In all cases, the structure of the porous medium and the dynamics of the fluid have to be taken into account for the characterization of the mass transfer due to thermodiffusion. This is of great importance in the concentration evaluation in the porous medium, like in oil reservoirs, problems of pollution storages and soil pollution transport. Then to consolidate these theoretical results, new experimental results have been obtained with a two-bulb apparatus are presented. The diffusion and thermal diffusion of a helium-nitrogen and helium-carbon dioxide systems through cylindrical samples filled with spheres of different diameters and thermal properties have been measured at the atmospheric pressure. The porosity of each medium has been determined by construction of a 3D image of the sample made with an X-ray tomograph device. Concentrations are determined by a continuous analysing the gas mixture composition in the bulbs with a katharometer device. A transient-state method for coupled evaluation of thermal diffusion and Fick coefficients in two bulbs system has been proposed. The determination of diffusion and thermal diffusion coefficients is done by comparing the temporal experimental results with an analytical solution modelling the mass transfer between two bulbs. The results are in good agreement with theoretical results and emphasize the porosity of the medium influence on both diffusion and thermal diffusion process. The results also showed that the effective thermal diffusion coefficients are independent from thermal conductivity ratio and particle-particle touching
Guillon, Valentin. "Dispersion en milieux poreux insaturés : modélisations et mesures RMN de distributions de vitesse." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00853660.
Повний текст джерелаOrtega, Ramirez Miriam Patricia. "Analysis of soil structural and transfer properties using pore scale images and numerical modelling." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU017/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis it was studied the structure of the porous media, particularly on a sandy soils and a virtual pack of spheres; based on bibliographic references here were generated our own tools to compute the porosity, specific surface and pore size distribution. We built an algorithm to solve advection diffusion equation directly on the porous media structure (using a 3D image result of the $mu $ CT scan of the porous media). We used the splitting operator to compute the advective part with a Finite Volume (FV) method, implementing a Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) scheme. The diffusion part was computed using with a FV method with the assistance of the MUMPS software to solve the resulting linear system. From the concentration field obtained with the algorithm and following a volume averaging method, we computed the macroscopic properties of: dispersivity and dispersion coefficient at Pe=223,23,2.3,0.23 for a sample of Fontainbleau NE34 sand. We observing that these results depend on the quality of the 3D image, structural and transport properties were studied using 3D images at different resolutions. The images at different resolutions were called rescaled images, and they were generated numerically and taken directly from the micro CT scan. As a first result we proposed a criterion based on the pore size distribution to assess if a 3D image resolution is suitable or not for permeability computation of a granular material with a finite volume (FV) method. As a second result we showed how the solute transport macro properties are less affected by a deterioration of the resolution than the flow property of permeability (both cases computed through a FV method). And as a third result we showed that a numerical rescaled image preserve the behavior of the macroscopic properties more than a real rescaled image
Didierjean, Sophie. "Étude de la dispersion en milieux poreux périodiques bidimensionnels réalisés par stéréophotolithographie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL047N.
Повний текст джерелаBenkhalifa, Mohamed Tai͏̈eb. "Ecoulement visqueux de diffusion binaire dans un pore : application à la détermination du coefficient de diffusion équivalent dans un milieu poreux." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2327.
Повний текст джерелаUrruty, Patrick. "Solutions fortes et solutions renormalisées pour des équations générales de la diffusion en milieu poreux." Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU3006.
Повний текст джерелаFroidefond, Jean-Jacques. "Une approche méthodologique utilisant le réacteur tubulaire à monoempilement de particules pour l'obtention de paramètres caractéristiques de la diffusion gazeuse dans les milieux poreux granulaires." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL139N.
Повний текст джерелаLedezma, Lopez Gabriel Alejandro. "Suitable representations of gamma alumina porous structures by computational modeling." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03789640.
Повний текст джерелаPorous materials are widely used in chemical engineering. At the mesoporous scale, confinement effects influence the thermodynamic of the system and the transport conditions. Indeed, the architecture of the pore network is the origin of mass transfer limitations within disordered porous materials. Therefore, it is important to understand not just the textural properties of the solid but also its pore network characteristics. Gamma-alumina is a disordered porous material with an elevated tortuosity very often used in the oil refining and petrochemistry, whose topology is not yet fully understood (1, 43, 44). Recent research articles propose that this material has different pore domains, each one characterized by its own pore size distribution and void fraction (45). The interplay among these different levels clearly plays a role in effective diffusion. This work intends to better understand the textural and topological descriptors of gamma alumina by creating a digital representation of it. The catalyst is represented using a pore network model. The pore network representation is then characterized using originally developed computational equivalents of textural and mass transfer characterization techniques. The experimental validation was done through the generation of digital twins for real gamma alumina samples. Using diffusion simulations on the pore network model fitted to the nitrogen sorption curves, a tortuosity factor was predicted that differs by less than 20% from the tortuosity factor measured by PFG-NMR. This illustrates how a digital twin allows to provide a reasonable estimate for the tortuosity factor from readily available nitrogen porosity experiments. The research work in this thesis is the start of the path to ultimate goal of improving the catalytic performance of disordered porous catalyst by the digital optimal design of the material architecture. At the same time, the accuracy of the models used to design and evaluate heterogeneous reactor performance will be improved
Oumouni, Mestapha. "Analyse numérique de méthodes performantes pour les EDP stochastiques modélisant l'écoulement et le transport en milieux poreux." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00904512.
Повний текст джерелаTevissen, Etienne. "Méthodologie d'étude et modélisation du transport de solutes en milieux poreux naturels : application à la migration du chrome dans la nappe alluviale du Drac (Isère)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL089N.
Повний текст джерелаTeriierooiterai, Marie-Laure. "Caractérisation ultrasonore d'un milieu poreux : application aux céramiques poreuses d'hydroxyapatite." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR3305.
Повний текст джерелаPinson, François. "Modélisation à l'échelle macroscopique d'un écoulement turbulent au sein d'un milieu poreux." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7449/1/pinson.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVohralík, Martin. "Méthodes numériques pour les équations elliptiques et paraboliques non linéaires : application à des problèmes d'écoulement en milieux poreux et fracturés." Paris 11, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008451.
Повний текст джерелаWe study numerical methods for the simulation of flow and contaminant transport in porous and fractured media. In Chapter 1 we propose a scheme allowing for efficient, robust, conservative, and stable discretizations of nonlinear degenerate parabolic convection–reaction–diffusion equations on unstructured grids in two or three space dimensions. We discretize the generally anisotropic diffusion term by means of the nonconforming finite element method and the other terms by means of the finite volume method and show the existence and uniqueness of a discrete solution and its convergence to a weak solution. We finally propose a version of this scheme for nonmatching grids and apply it to real simulations. In Chapter 2 we present a direct proof of the discrete Poincaré–Friedrichs inequalities and indicate optimal values of the constants in these inequalities. The results are important in the analysis of nonconforming numerical methods. In Chapter 3 we show that the lowest-order Raviart–Thomas mixed finite element method is equivalent to a particular multi-point finite volume scheme. This approach allows significant reduction of the computational time of the mixed finite element method without any loss of its high precision, which is confirmed by numerical experiments. Finally, in Chapter 4 we propose a version of the lowest-order Raviart–Thomas mixed finite element method for flow simulation in fracture networks that perturb rock massifs, prove that it is well posed, and study its relation to the nonconforming finite element method
Ceballos, Loïc. "Caractérisation des propriétés fluidiques des couches de diffusion des piles à combustible PEMFC par une approche numérique de type réseaux de pores et par une analyse d’images issues de la tomographie X." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0001/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to the study of transport properties and two-phase flow in the Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC). A GDL is a thin fibrous structure (a few hundreds μm thick) treated generally with a hydrophobic agent. Numerical images obtained from X-ray computed tomography X are first exploited to study properties such as the porosity, permeability and diffusion tensors of a real GDL microstructure. The effect of GDL compression is also investigated using an algorithm mimicking the compression in GDL through plane direction. Then two phase flow (quasi-static water invasion) is studied in relation with the water management problem in PEMFC, using a structured pore network representation of the pore space. Two invasion algorithms, referred to as the sequential and the kinetic algorithm respectively, are developed and compared to study the fluid distributions within the GDL. A key point is that water enters the porous layer through multiple independent inlet injection points, leading to the possibility of many breakthrough points. Experiments are conducted on a microfluidic device to validate the algorithms. A numerical statistical study is performed to characterize the breakthrough point statistics, saturation profiles, gas access, diffusion transport as well as the influence of trapping and mixed wettability
Chemmi, Houria. "Diffusion multi-échelle et sorption hydrique dans les matériaux cimentaires." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00671390.
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