Дисертації з теми "Diffraction"
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Hamam, Habib. "De la diffraction a la synthese des elements diffractifs." Rennes 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN10109.
White, Thomas Ashley. "Structure solution using precession electron diffraction and diffraction tomography." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611748.
DeSandre, Lewis Francis. "Extinction theorem analysis of diffraction anomalies in overcoated-gratings." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184853.
Persson, Roger. "Breaking the diffraction limit using conical diffraction in super resolution fluorescence microscopy : Breaking the diffraction limit using conical diffraction in super resolution fluorescence microscopy." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad fysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-140725.
Grant, Stephen D. "Conical diffraction photonics." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2016. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c4c0c9b8-f54a-406b-b73f-a84bc07f456e.
Nishantha, Hewamarappulige Indunil. "Powder Diffraction Methods." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1222116031.
Ihee, Hyotcherl Zewail Ahmed H. Zewail Ahmed H. "Ultrafast electron diffraction /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2001. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-04072008-112244.
Patton, Forest S. "Coherent atom beam diffraction /." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3190537.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-83). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
Edwards, Philip John. "Diffraction theory and radiometry." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408858.
Walsh, Sheridan John T. P. "Diffraction by volume gratings." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303660.
Goodwin, A. L. "Dynamics from powder diffraction." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599515.
Lahme, Stefan. "Femtosecond single-electron diffraction." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-178346.
The understanding of nature’s fundamental processes has always been the goal of science. Often, the behavior and properties of condensed matter are determined by dynamic pro- cesses on the atomic scale (< 10^-10 m). The relevant time scales for these processes range from tens of femtoseconds (10^−15 s) to several picoseconds (10^−12 s). Time-resolved electron diffraction on crystalline solids allows the direct observation of such processes in space and time. However, the state-of-the-art temporal resolution is insufficient to observe the fastest processes in solids. The transverse coherence is insufficient to resolve large unit cells of molecular crystals. One major origin for both of these problems is that the electron within the pulse repel each other, resulting in a change of the radial and longitudinal velocity distribution. The former leads to a decrease transverse coherence while the former leads to a significant increase in electron pulse duration, limiting temporal resolution. In this work, a setup for time-resolved electron diffraction is introduced that works with electron pulses each containing only a single electron. Circumventing Coulomb repulsion, this approach can lead to in principle nearly unlimited, improvement of temporal resolu- tion. The novel, thermally stabilized single-electron gun developed here provides a high degree of transverse coherence and excellent long-term stability of the photoemission yield at the same time. The latter is crucial for time-resolved diffraction experiments due to the long integration times required when working with single-electron pulses and has not been achieved prior to this work. Furthermore, the special requirements of single-electron diffraction on the materials under study are discussed. Strategies for avoidance of sam- ple damage from accumulated excitation energy are developed, requiring new emphases in sample preparation. The observation of the complex relaxation dynamics of graphite thin films using time-resolved single-electron diffraction finally demonstrates the general feasi- bility of this technique as a reliable methodology for investigation of reversible, structural dynamics in solids with atomic resolution. Using time-dependent fields at microwave frequencies, non-relativistic single-electron pulses can be compressed to 10 fs and possibly even down to the attosecond regime. The long-term stable and high-coherence electron gun demonstrated here as well as the method- ology developed for sample preparation and time-resolved electron diffraction using single- electron pulses provide the basis for such experiments in the future.
Zora, J. A. "X-ray diffraction studies." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374467.
Senyshyn, A., M. Monchak, O. Dolotko, and H. Ehrenberg. "Lithium Diffusion and Diffraction." Diffusion fundamentals 21 (2014) 4, S.1, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32392.
Bonner, Bradley David. "Calculating conical diffraction coefficients." Thesis, University of Bath, 2003. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425888.
Northey, Thomas. "Ab initio molecular diffraction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28772.
Malyarenko, Eugene V. "Lamb wave diffraction tomography." W&M ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623991.
Morishita, Shigeyuki, Jun Yamasaki, Keisuke Nakamura, Takeharu Kato, and Nobuo Tanaka. "Diffractive imaging of the dumbbell structure in silicon by spherical-aberration-corrected electron diffraction." American Institite of Physics, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11975.
Shukayr, Riman. "Evaluation of the uniform theory of diffraction for edge diffraction at low frequency." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64062.pdf.
Ye, Hong. "X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction and circular dichroism studies of nucleic acids and proteins." Thesis, Keele University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245601.
Kumari, Maini S. M. "Development of a breast tissue diffraction analysis system using energy dispersive X-ray diffraction." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1370578/.
Petrovic, Novak S. "Modelling diffraction in optical interconnects /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20050129.135451/index.html.
Liu, Yuan. "Procédé Tactile à Diffraction Ultrasonore." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00552186.
Ayzenberg, Milana. "Three-Dimensional Seismic Diffraction Modeling." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for petroleumsteknologi og anvendt geofysikk, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5131.
Diehl, Markus. "Diffraction in electron-proton collisions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265482.
Hnatiuk, Heather Joanne. "Integrated linear diffraction grating spectrometer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0021/NQ45000.pdf.
Jafari, Amir. "Distributed etched diffraction grating demultiplexer." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107746.
Cette thèse de doctorat examine le concept d'un réseau de diffraction gravé et distribué (DEDG) et présente une méthodologie pour concevoir la réponse spectrale de l'appareil. Cette conception qui incorpore un réflecteur de Bragg distribué (DBR)aux facettes d'un démultiplexeur conventionnel basé sur un réseau de diffraction gravé (RDG), promet une performance supérieure sur plusieurs aspects. Alors que dans un RDG conventionel, il faut des murs gravés qui soient verticals et profonds afin d'obtenir une faible perte d'insertion; dans le DEDG, une telle exigence est considérablement atténuée. Les murs profondément gravés sont remplacés par des facettes peu profonde, suivis par un DBR; par conséquent des appareils avec une perte d'insertion nettement inférieure sont réalisables. La faisabilité de l'application de DEDG comme un démultiplexeur de longueur d'onde a été démontré grace à la fabrication et la caractérisation d'un prototype. Un exemple de l'appareil a été fabriquéen utilisant la lithographie optique et la gravure ionique réactive sur une plateformede silicium sur isolant(SOI). L'appareil a été ensuite caractérisé dans le laboratoire. Par ailleurs, l'incorporation de la structure de DBR aux facettes du RDG conventionel découple la réflexion et la diffraction, rendant le DEDG approprié pour l'adaptationde la réponse spectrale. Selon l'application, la réponse spectrale de l'appareil peut etre adapté grace à une conception et une optimisation méticuleuses de la DBR incorporé. Dans cette thése nous avons démontré par des simulations numériques que des fonctionnalités telles que la performance indépendante de la polarisation et la performance uniforme en ce qui concerne la perte d'insertion sont réalisable. Une méthodologie pour adapter la réponse spectrale de la DEDG est discutée en détails.
Saward, Victoria Helen. "Some problems in diffraction theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364212.
Jackson, Daryl Christopher. "Photoelectron diffraction of surface structures." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3740/.
Huxley, David W. "Diffraction studies of disordered materials." Thesis, University of Kent, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293796.
Geake, Peter John. "Smoke characterisation by laser diffraction." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329148.
Jing, Cao. "Spray diagnostics by laser diffraction." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321852.
Webb, S. "Unusual effects in particle diffraction." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234226.
Forsyth, G. A. "Molecular structure by diffraction methods." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384586.
Wang, Duan Qiang. "Strain measurement using neutron diffraction." Thesis, Open University, 1996. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57651/.
Lobban, Colin. "Neutron diffraction studies of ices." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10065569/.
Watson, Andre James. "Diffraction gratings in ray tracing." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1464665.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 7, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-67).
Mercer, Carolyn Regan. "Liquid crystal point diffraction interferometer." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187127.
Verma, Rupesh. "Fractal diffraction: signatures and applications." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2015. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/6663.
Schwiegerling, Jim. "Diffraction efficiency and aberrations of diffractive elements obtained from orthogonal expansion of the point spread function." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622533.
Blums, Valdis Roberts. "Ion Fluorescence Collection And Diffraction Limited Imaging From A Microfabricated Ion Trap With Integrated Diffractive Mirrors." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365461.
Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Natural Sciences
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Recaldini, Valentino. "Optical diffraction tomography: a resolution study." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21258/.
Burvall, Anna. "Axicon imaging by scalar diffraction theory." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3736.
Axicons are optical elements that produce Bessel beams,i.e., long and narrow focal lines along the optical axis. Thenarrow focus makes them useful ine.g. alignment, harmonicgeneration, and atom trapping, and they are also used toincrease the longitudinal range of applications such astriangulation, light sectioning, and optical coherencetomography. In this thesis, axicons are designed andcharacterized for different kinds of illumination, using thestationary-phase and the communication-modes methods.
The inverse problem of axicon design for partially coherentlight is addressed. A design relation, applicable toSchell-model sources, is derived from the Fresnel diffractionintegral, simplified by the method of stationary phase. Thisapproach both clarifies the old design method for coherentlight, which was derived using energy conservation in raybundles, and extends it to the domain of partial coherence. Thedesign rule applies to light from such multimode emitters aslight-emitting diodes, excimer lasers and some laser diodes,which can be represented as Gaussian Schell-model sources.
Characterization of axicons in coherent, obliqueillumination is performed using the method of stationary phase.It is shown that in inclined illumination the focal shapechanges from the narrow Bessel distribution to a broadasteroid-shaped focus. It is proven that an axicon ofelliptical shape will compensate for this deformation. Theseresults, which are all confirmed both numerically andexperimentally, open possibilities for using axicons inscanning optical systems to increase resolution and depthrange.
Axicons are normally manufactured as refractive cones or ascircular diffractive gratings. They can also be constructedfrom ordinary spherical surfaces, using the sphericalaberration to create the long focal line. In this dissertation,a simple lens axicon consisting of a cemented doublet isdesigned, manufactured, and tested. The advantage of the lensaxicon is that it is easily manufactured.
The longitudinal resolution of the axicon varies. The methodof communication modes, earlier used for analysis ofinformation content for e.g. line or square apertures, isapplied to the axicon geometry and yields an expression for thelongitudinal resolution. The method, which is based on abi-orthogonal expansion of the Green function in the Fresneldiffraction integral, also gives the number of degrees offreedom, or the number of information channels available, forthe axicon geometry.
Keywords:axicons, diffractive optics, coherence,asymptotic methods, communication modes, information content,inverse problems
Herbison, Sarah. "Ultrasonic diffraction effects on periodic surfaces." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41180.
Chen, Yixin. "Electron diffraction analysis of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669987.
Kreikemeyer, Lorenzo D. "Photoelectron diffraction determination of adsorbate structures." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/49672/.
Duncan-Jones, George. "Noise removal for powder diffraction profiles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543553.
Hyslop, Michael. "Electron diffraction studies of unsupported clusters." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5563.
Edvardsson, Elisabet. "Quasicrystals : Classification, diffraction and surface studies." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-36299.
Williams, Graham David. "Diffraction studies of alkyl-ammonium vermiculites." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301301.