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Книги з теми "DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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1

Blewitt, Nigel. The differential behaviour of regional employment and output. [s.l.]: typescript, 1993.

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2

Grossman, Robert. The realization of input-output maps using bialgebras. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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3

Grossman, Robert. The realization of input-output maps using bialgebras. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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4

G, Larson Richard, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. The realization of input-output maps using bialgebras. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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5

Borjas, George J. Market responses to interindustry wage differentials. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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6

T, Patera Anthony, Peraire Jaume, and Langley Research Center, eds. A posteriori finite element bounds for sensitivity derivatives of partial-differential-equation outputs. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1998.

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7

Serakos, Demetrios. Generalized Adjoint Systems. Springer, 2015.

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8

Serakos, Demetrios. Generalized Adjoint Systems. Springer, 2015.

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9

Serakos, Demetrios. Generalized Adjoint Systems. Springer, 2015.

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10

Lancellotti, Patrizio, and Bernard Cosyns. Systemic Disease and Other Conditions. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713623.003.0017.

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This chapter describes the effect of various activities on the heart and associated disorders. It details the echocardiographic findings of athlete’s heart and differential diagnosis. It considers pregnancy which induces several haemodynamic changes: increase in heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and decrease in systemic vascular resistance. Several echocardiographic changes may also present in normal pregnancy and these must be recognized. Echocardiography should be performed in each pregnant woman with cardiac signs or symptoms to search for new cardiac disease occurring during pregnancy and especially peripartum cardiomyopathy. Pregnancy is well tolerated by most woman with cardiac disease. Pregnancy in contraindicated in woman with pulmonary hypertension. Although the heart is not the principal affected organ in systemic disease there is some involvement. This chapter also details the echo findings of a range of systemic diseases including amyloidosis, connective tissue disease, endocrine disease, and HIV.

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11

Clarke, Andrew. Temperature and reaction rate. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199551668.003.0007.

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All other things being equal, physiological reaction rate increases roughly exponentially with temperature. Organisms that have adapted over evolutionary time to live at different temperatures can have enzyme variants that exhibit similar kinetics at the temperatures to which they have adapted to operate. Within species whose distribution covers a range of temperatures, there may be differential expression of enzyme variants with different kinetics across the distribution. Enzymes adapted to different optimum temperatures differ in their amino acid sequence and thermal stability. The Gibbs energy of activation tends to be slightly lower in enzyme variants adapted to lower temperatures, but the big change is a decrease in the enthalpy of activation, with a corresponding change in the entropy of activation, both associated with a more open, flexible structure. Despite evolutionary adjustments to individual enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism (ATP regeneration), many whole-organism processes operate faster in tropical ectotherms compared with temperate or polar ectotherms. Examples include locomotion (muscle power output), ATP regeneration (mitochondrial function), nervous conduction and growth.

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12

Proctor, Richard Anthony. Easy Lessons in the Differential Calculus: Indicating from the Outset the Utility of the Processes Called Differentiation and Integration. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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13

Lamb, Kevin L., Gaynor Parfitt, and Roger G. Eston. Effort perception. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0015.

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As the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale was not appropriate for children, investigators set about developing child-specific scales which employed numbers, words and/or images that were more familiar and understandable. Numerous studies have examined the validity and reliability of such scales as the CERT, PCERT and OMNI amongst children aged 5 to 16 years, across different modes of exercise (cycling, running, stepping, resistance exercise), protocols (intermittent vs. continuous, incremental vs. non-incremental) and paradigms (estimation vs. production). Such laboratory-based research has enabled the general conclusion that children can, especially with practise, use effort perception scales to differentiate between exercise intensity levels, and to self-regulate their exercise output to match various levels indicated by them. However, inconsistencies in the methodological approaches adopted diminish the certainty of some of the interpretations made by researchers. The scope for research in the application of effort perception in physical education and activity/health promotion is considerable.

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14

Boltho, Andrea. Italy, Germany, Japan. Edited by Gianni Toniolo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199936694.013.0004.

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Over the last six decades, economic developments in the three countries that were defeated in World War II look strikingly similar. First came rapid reconstruction. Then followed the economic miracles of the Golden Age. The years that went from the first oil shock to the mid-1990s still saw fairly robust, and relatively similar, economic developments. Finally, during the last 15 years, the three countries held the dubious record of having the lowest output growth rates in the OECD area. The chapter looks primarily at Italy, using the examples of Germany and Japan to search for parallels and contrasts. Among the similarities, the main one lies in overall macroeconomic trends. The main differences are in economic policies (where Germany and Japan followed a much more orthodox stance than Italy), in labor market relations (with much greater conflict in Italy than in the other two countries), and in regional developments (where Italy was handicapped by theMezzogiorno). Indeed, had Italy's government institutions, labor market relations and regional differentials been less problematic, Italy's growth performance might well have been superior to that of Germany and Japan.

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15

Lombardo, Robert M. Street Crew Neighborhoods. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037306.003.0009.

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This chapter focuses on the organized crime neighborhoods of Chicago, with particular emphasis on five communities in the metropolitan area with a history of being associated with organized crime: Taylor Street, Grand Avenue, Twenty-sixth Street, the North Side, and the suburb of Chicago Heights. These communities are the locations of the five original “street crews,” or branches, of the Chicago Outfit. In addition to these areas, a number of other Chicago communities have a reputation of being associated with organized crime. These communities differ, however, in that they are all descendant from the five original street crew neighborhoods. The chapter reviews the history of organized crime in each of these street crew neighborhoods and offers a sociological explanation for their emergence in conformance with social organizational theories of crime. It argues that Mafia traditions had no bearing on the existence of racket subcultures in these neighborhoods; instead, organized crime was the direct result of machine politics and the differential organization of these communities.

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16

Agarwal, Bina. Food Security, Productivity, and Gender Inequality. Edited by Ronald J. Herring. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.013.002.

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This chapter examines the relationship between gender inequality and food security, with a particular focus on women as food producers, consumers, and family food managers. The discussion is set against the backdrop of rising and volatile food prices, the vulnerabilities created by regional concentrations of food production, imports and exports, the feminization of agriculture, and the projected effect of climate change on crop yields. The chapter outlines the constraints women face as farmers, in terms of their access to land, credit, production inputs, technology, and markets. It argues that there is substantial potential for increasing agricultural output by helping women farmers overcome these production constraints and so bridging the productivity differentials between them and male farmers. This becomes even more of an imperative, given the feminization of agriculture. The chapter spells out the mechanisms, especially institutional, for overcoming the constraints and the inequalities women face as producers, consumers, and home food managers. Institutionally, a group approach to farming could, for instance, enable women and other small holders to enhance their access to land and inputs, benefit from economies of scale, and increase their bargaining power. Other innovative solutions discussed here include the creation of Public Land Banks that would empower the smallholder, and the establishment of agricultural resource centers that would cater especially to small-scale women farmers.

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17

Zhu, Yang, and Miroslav Krstic. Delay-Adaptive Linear Control. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691202549.001.0001.

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Actuator and sensor delays are among the most common dynamic phenomena in engineering practice, and when disregarded, they render controlled systems unstable. Over the past sixty years, predictor feedback has been a key tool for compensating such delays, but conventional predictor feedback algorithms assume that the delays and other parameters of a given system are known. When incorrect parameter values are used in the predictor, the resulting controller may be as destabilizing as without the delay compensation. This book develops adaptive predictor feedback algorithms equipped with online estimators of unknown delays and other parameters. Such estimators are designed as nonlinear differential equations, which dynamically adjust the parameters of the predictor. The design and analysis of the adaptive predictors involves a Lyapunov stability study of systems whose dimension is infinite, because of the delays, and nonlinear, because of the parameter estimators. This book solves adaptive delay compensation problems for systems with single and multiple inputs/outputs, unknown and distinct delays in different input channels, unknown delay kernels, unknown plant parameters, unmeasurable finite-dimensional plant states, and unmeasurable infinite-dimensional actuator states. Presenting breakthroughs in adaptive control and control of delay systems, the book offers powerful new tools for the control engineer and the mathematician.

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