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1
Moore, J. S., J. D. Maples, and Philip D. Patterson. "Light-Duty Diesels: Consumer Perspectives and U.S. Energy Supply Issues." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1641, no. 1 (January 1998): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1641-03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An assessment of the potential for diesel engine light-duty vehicles to reduce petroleum consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is presented. Historical diesel vehicle sales behavior is presented and analyzed. Future market penetration and resultant petroleum consumption and emission reductions for advanced diesel engines are projected. Results of a survey of new vehicle buyer attitudes toward improved diesel engines are presented and analyzed. Effects of increased diesel market share on diesel fuel supply and price are estimated. Overall, the outlook for diesels in light vehicles is somewhat promising if pollution issues and consumer concerns about the earlier diesels can be addressed.
2
DeGaspari, John. "A New Dawn for Diesel." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 01 (January 1, 2005): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-jan-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article reviews that diesel engines are more expensive than gasoline engines and the lower fuel prices in the United States make buying decisions based on fuel economy alone unlikely. Many of the advancements have gone largely unnoticed by US drivers, who still view diesels as workhorses for large trucks. But some proponents of diesel say that a combination of higher torque, better fuel economy, and smooth, quiet engine performance could sway a significant number of drivers here to consider diesels for smaller, personal-use vehicles. Diesels provide better fuel efficiency than gasoline engines do and are well suited to heavy loads and continuous driving. Hauling a heavy load up a steep grade, the difference in fuel economy could be as high as 75 percent compared to conventional gasoline engines. Diesels could make a bigger impact on fuel consumption from a fleet perspective in this country, where people favor larger vehicles, than in Europe. Diesels deliver higher torque at lower speeds than gasoline engines, allowing drivers to get away with a comparatively smaller, lower horsepower diesel without sacrificing acceleration or towing capacity.
3
Zhukov, V., O. Melnik, and E. Khmelevskaya. "Changes in the kinematic viscosity of engine oil during the operation of marine diesel engines." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 032060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/3/032060.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract A prerequisite for the long-term and safe operation of marine diesel engines is the high quality of operational materials, which include engine oils and coolants. The required quality of operational materials is ensured by the introduction of additives into their composition, which are now increasingly used as nanoparticles. During operation, as a result of the destruction of additives, the operational properties of coolants and engine oils deteriorate. The conducted studies allowed us to evaluate the change in the lubricating ability of engine oils of two brands that are used in marine diesels during operation. As a characteristic of the lubricating ability of the oil, its kinematic viscosity was used. The experimental determination of the kinematic viscosity of engine oil samples having different periods of operation, and the subsequent mathematical processing of the experimental results made it possible to determine the dependencies characterizing the change in the kinematic viscosity of engine oil during its operation. The research results confirm the possibility of scientific justification for extending the use of marine diesel engine oils, which reduces operating costs and increases the environmental safety of marine diesel engines.
4
Savelyev, G. S., and D. V. Degtyarеv. "Comparative technical and economical parameters of gas diesel and gas-spark-ignited converted diesels to run on CNG." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 79, no. 4 (April 15, 2012): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-69370.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On the basis of experimental input data the commercial efficiency of conversion of automotive diesels in gas-diesel and gas-spark-ignition engines is calculated. Analysis of both options' performance is given, taking into account the load factor of engine.
5
Gustavsson, Jonas, and Valeri Golovitchev. "3 D Simulation of Multiple Injections in DI Diesel Engine(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling II)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.167.
Повний текст джерела
6
Herman S., Alfred, and V. Ganesan. "Effect of Injection Rate Control in a HSDI Diesel Engine(Diesel Engines, Combustion Modeling II)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2004.6 (2004): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2004.6.189.
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7
Marchenko, A. P., I. V. Parsadanov, and A. V. Savchenko. "DETERMINATION OF COMPLEX FUEL-ECOLOGICAL CRITERION FOR DIESEL WORKING ON WATER-FUEL EMULSION." Internal Combustion Engines, no. 2 (July 26, 2021): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/0419-8719.2021.2.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Today, internal combustion engines are very common as energy sources in many countries around the world. This makes the tasks related to improving the environmental performance of internal combustion engines relevant. The introduction of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines is an effective way to reduce their negative impact on the environment. One of the most available and widespread alternative fuels for diesels is a water-fuel emulsion. The use of water-fuel emulsion makes it possible to reduce the specific fuel consumption of petroleum origin, as well as to achieve a significant reduction in emissions of harmful substances from diesel exhaust. However, due to differences in the physical properties of traditional diesel fuel and water-fuel emulsion, the course of the processes of mixture formation and combustion in the diesel cylinder changes significantly. This may be due to the emergence of a reserve for further improvement of the diesel engine by selecting the parameters of the diesel engine running on water-fuel emulsion. The study selected the following parameters for variation: compression ratio, boost pressure, duration of the injection process, injection timing. The article considers the influence of these parameters on the Brake-specific fuel consumption of diesel, the specific emission of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, the maximum pressure in the cylinder. The nature and degree of influence of changes in the parameters of the diesel engine on its performance was determined using mathematical modeling. It should be noted that the influence of each of the parameters selected for variation is quite complex and often ambiguous. That is, when some indicators improve, others may deteriorate somewhat. Therefore, in order to select the most rational parameters of a diesel engine running on a water-fuel emulsion, it is necessary to simultaneously assess the economic and environmental performance of the diesel engine. For this assessment, a method was used to determine a comprehensive fuel and environmental criterion for a diesel engine running on a water-fuel emulsion. Thus, the article shows the potential for comprehensive improvement of environmental and economic performance of the diesel engine by choosing rational parameters.
8
Vatolin, Dmitry S. "Research of the possibility of increasing the detonation stability of a marine dual-fuel diesel engine." Russian Journal of Water Transport, no. 66 (March 23, 2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi66.147.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article examined the environmental and economic prerequisites for the widespread use of dual-fuel diesel engines in the global fleet. A brief overview of the existing cycles used in marine dual-fuel diesel engines was made.. The prospects and problems of their further development were also considered. The basis of the article is the study of a possible increase in the detonation resistance of dual-fuel diesels through the use of a strong Miller cycle. The research was conducted using the software of the leading company in the field of design and engine building AVL List GmbH. As a prototype, the serial marine engine MAN 8L51/60DF was adopted, and the model is based on data obtained during three years of its operation
9
Hanifuddin, Hanifuddin, Milda Fibria, Catur Y. Respatiningsih, Setyo Widodo, and Maymuchar Maymuchar. "The Evaluation of Lubricants Performances in Light- and Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines in The Application of Biodiesel (B20)." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 43, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.43.2.523.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The use of biodiesel as fuel in light- and heavy-diesel engine vehicles in general will negatively affects the lubricant performance. the changes in lubricants properties during the use of B20 were investigated. Two type of vehicles engines were used, namely heavy duty and light duty diesel engines. The road test wascarried out until 40,000 km, while the lubricant was drained and analysed only for 10,000 km of distances. The laboratory test was conducted to observe both fresh and used lubricants. The results show that the biodiesel dilutions were less than 2% both in light- and heavy-duty diesel engines. The kinematic viscositiesof 4 samples of used lubricants in light-duty diesel engine were decreased in the ranges of 0.58 – 7.5%, while in heavy-duty diesel engines were 4.66-16.04% from the initial values. The decreasing of TBNs were less than 14% in light-duty diesel engine and fewer than 16% in heavy-duty diesel engine fuelled by biodiesel (B20). Meanwhile, the acidity of used engine oil was increased until 173% for light-duty diesel engine and 63% heavy-duty diesel engine compare to the initial values. The results show that the metal additives decreased while wear metal increased. According to this study, the increasing of wear metal (copper) in the used lubricants were less than 23% in light-duty diesel engine and lower than 26% in heavy-duty diesel engine fuelled by biodiesel (B20). Meanwhile, the lead contents of used engine oil were increased to 3.2 ppm in heavy-duty diesel engine and was not detected in light-duty diesel engine. After all, this work found that the lubricants exhibit good performances in the light- and heavy-duty diesel engines fuelled by B20. The changes of some critical properties were still in the acceptable values regarding to the specification as required in the SNI-7069-5 (2021).
10
Ryaboshapka, Vadim, and Ivan Nahorniak. "CHOOSING A TURBOCOMPRESSOR MODEL FOR CONVERTING FREE INLET DIESELS TO TURBOCHARGED DIESELS." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 1(120) (May 1, 2023): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2023-1-7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The use of supercharged diesel engines improves the combustion process, increases the efficiency of the engine and the overall efficiency of its operation. As a concomitant beneficial effect, there is an increase in the environmental performance of the engine. All of the above factors are particularly relevant for solving the problem of converting so-called "atmospheric" diesel engines into turbocharged engines, and the objects of conversion can be a fleet of old engine models that have not exhausted their resource. The results of the research of this article can be used for the implementation of the association agreement between Ukraine, on the one hand, and the European Union, the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, on the other hand, in particular, Chapter 6 and Chapter 17 of Chapter V. The purpose of the article is creation of a methodology for determining turbocharger parameters, based on engine intake process parameters and selection, based on these parameters, of a turbocharger model for conversion of "atmospheric" turbocharged diesels. The research methods are based on the thermal calculation of the Hrynevetsky-Mazing engine, the calculation of the regulatory characteristic of the engine according to the cubic trinomial equation, the determination of the characteristic modes of the engine according to the regulatory characteristic, the calculation of the air consumption by the engine depending on the speed of rotation of the crankshaft in different modes of operation of the engine and the superimposition of the obtained results of the air consumption on the "turbo card" of the turbocharger, which allows you to establish the correspondence of the turbocharger model to the engine brand. Calculations were carried out using the mathematical editor Mathcad and Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. The results of the obtained calculations and the methodology can be the basis for the development of recommendations for the choice of a turbocharger when converting "atmospheric" diesel engines with turbocharging. Such recommendations will be useful to agricultural producers, in which the tractor fleet has old brands of tractors with non-supercharged engines that have not exhausted their resource.
11
Karasev, Andrey V. "First NATI autotractor diesels." Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin, no. 3 (August 20, 2020): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2618-8287-2020-58-3-161-172.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
At the end of the 20s of the last century, automotive diesels made their debut on the markets of European countries. In the USSR, the Scientific Automobile Engine Institute in 1929 began to test tractors running on oil, and research their engines. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in searching for the key points that influenced the creation of the first automobile-type diesels by the Scientific Automotive Institute, the choice of the type and characteristics of these engines; identifying the factors that influenced the implementation of these structures in metal. (Materials and methods) The first directive decisions on automotive dieselmotors appeared in the USSR in 1929; they were set out in the resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) of July 29, 1929. "On the state of defense of the USSR". NATI-1-60 diesel and its NATI 2-40 version for the automotive industry has been developed by the Research Automobile and Motor Institute. The NATI-1-60 diesel had a power of 60 horsepower at 1600 rpm; NATI-2-40 diesel was designed for wheeled tractors of the “International” type, had a power of 40 horsepower at 1400 rpm. (Results and discussion) The production of prototype engines was complicated by the lack of production facilities at NATI, and the production of prototypes at the Institute's plant was not carried out. The government did not allocate currency for the purchase of imported equipment. (Conclusions) The Automobile and Motor Research Institute, not being able to produce its own diesel engines, tried to do this through broad cooperation between domestic enterprises. However, the construction of the first diesels faced the reluctance of the giant factories to produce them, despite the guidelines. This caused a delay in the dieselefication of the country's automotive engine industry at the initial stage.
12
Konyukov, Vyacheslav Leontievich. "Comparative analysis of marine diesel engines by ultimate efficiency increase under direct air flow control." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2021, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2021-2-43-54.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper presents a comparative analysis of the operational parameters and parameters of marine diesel engines obtained as a result of computational and theoretical studies with direct control of air flow using an adjustable turbocharger nozzle to ensure the maximum allowable efficiency of diesel engines. The objects under study are: two-stroke marine diesel engine, operating on the screw characteristics; marine four-stroke diesel working on the screw characteristics; marine four-stroke diesel working on the load characteristics. As a result of the rotation of the blades of the adjustable nozzle in the direction of reducing the angle of their installation the diesel engine efficiency increases. However, the maximum pressure of the cycle also increases, the pressure drop decreases during purging the cylinders, the effective angle of gas exit from the turbine nozzle decreases, and the compressor's surge stability margin changes. There has been studied the design potential of diesel engines for the maximum increase in their efficiency, which made it possible to accept the stable operation of the compressor in all the studied modes. In the course of the research, boundary values were found for the maximum pressure of the diesel cycle, the pressure drop for purging the cylinders and the effective angle of flow exit from the nozzle apparatus, beyond which the specified parameters did not go beyond all the studied modes of operation of diesels. Taking into account the limitations of the greatest potential for improving efficiency in the equity modes of loads has a four-stroke diesel engine, operating on the screw characteristics, the smallest capacity is the same petrol, but working on the load characteristics.
13
Кravets, Andrii, Andrii Yеvtushenko, Andrii Pogrebnyak, Yevhenii Romanovych, and Heorhii Afanasov. "Study on the Prospects of Use the Group D Engine Oil in Locomotive Diesel Engines." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.3 (September 15, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.3.19550.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It was suggested to use group D engine oil with advanced properties instead of group V and G engine oils, which are used in locomotive diesel engines today, to improve the performance of the Ukrainian locomotive fleet of railways.A series of comparative laboratory studies of these oil groups was conducted to substantiate this suggestion which proved better lubrication and tribological performance of group D engine oil and allowed its performance tests.Tests conducted on diesel 5D49 for mileage of more then 100,000 km have demonstrated the advantages of group D oils, such as more stable viscosity, neutralizing ,washing and other properties. Studies on the four-ball wear test machine proved better anti-wear, anti-scoring and anti-friction properties of group D engine oil, which appear even after the continuous use of oils in locomotive diesels. Decrease in burning loss of engine oil was recorded, resulting in the decrease of oil fuel consumption for group D by 30-60% vs. the group G oil.According to the results of performance tests, group D engine oil has been recommended for the use in 5D49 locomotive diesels and some advice on its future implementation have been provided.
14
Cai, Zhi Hai, Ping Zhang, and Zhi Jie Liang. "Novel Remanufacturing Technology as an Alternative to Maintenance for Diesel Engine and its Benefit Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 216 (March 2011): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.216.435.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To solve the maintaining shortcoming of diesel engine, the remanufacturing technology idea of diesel engines is put forward and discussed preliminary. Then it summarizes the difference and processing between remanufacturing and maintenance for diesel engine, and the technical measures that may bring about economic benefits for the enterprise. Then the application perspective of remanufacturing technology for equipment diesel engines was outlooked. Notable economy benefit will be gained prolonging the service life of diesel engine.
15
Wardana, Muhammad Khristamto Aditya, and Ocktaeck Lim. "Review of Improving the NOx Conversion Efficiency in Various Diesel Engines fitted with SCR System Technology." Catalysts 13, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13010067.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The diesel engine is utilized in most commercial vehicles to carry items from various firms; nevertheless, diesel engines emit massive amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx) which are harmful to human health. A typical approach for reducing NOx emissions from diesel engines is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system; however, several reasons make reducing NOx emissions a challenge: urea particles frequently become solid in the injector and difficult to disseminate across the system; the injector frequently struggles to spray the smaller particles of urea; the larger urea particles from the injector readily cling to the system; it is also difficult to evaporate urea droplets because of the exhaust and wall temperatures (Tw), resulting in an increase in solid deposits in the system, uncontrolled ammonia water solution injection, and NOx emissions problems. The light-duty diesel engine (LDD), medium-duty diesel engine (MDD), heavy-duty diesel engine (HDD), and marine diesel engine use different treatments to optimize NOx conversion efficiency in the SCR system. This review analyzes several studies in the literature which aim to increase NOx conversion in different diesel engine types. The approach and methods demonstrated in this study provide a suitable starting point for future research into reducing NOx emissions from diesel engines, particularly for engines with comparable specifications.
16
Shatrov, Mikhail G., Vladimir V. Sinyavski, Andrey Yu Dunin, Ivan G. Shishlov, and Andrey V. Vakulenko. "METHOD OF CONVERSION OF HIGH- AND MIDDLE-SPEED DIESEL ENGINES INTO GAS DIESEL ENGINES." Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering 15, no. 3 (December 9, 2017): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fume171004023s.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper aims at the development of fuel supply and electronic control systems for boosted high- and middle-speed transport engines. A detailed analysis of different ways of converting diesel engine to operate on natural gas was carried out. The gas diesel process with minimized ignition portion of diesel fuel injected by the Common Rail (CR) system was selected. Electronic engine control and modular gas feed systems which can be used both on high- and middle-speed gas diesel engines were developed. Also diesel CR fuel supply systems were developed in cooperation with the industrial partner, namely, those that can be mounted on middle-speed diesel and gas diesel engines. Electronic control and gas feed systems were perfected using modeling and engine tests. The high-speed diesel engine was converted into a gas diesel one. After perfection of the gas feed and electronic control systems, bench tests of the high-speed gas diesel engine were carried out showing a high share of diesel fuel substitution with gas, high fuel efficiency and significant decrease of NOх and СО2 emissions.
17
Noh, Kichol, and Changhee Lee. "Development of an Ignition System and Assessment of Engine Performance and Exhaust Characteristics of a Marine Gas Engine." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 7, 2021): 4097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084097.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years, marine engine manufacturers have become increasingly interested in gas engines as an alternative to diesel engines to address rising crude oil prices and environmental regulations. In this study, a 1.6 MW dedicated gas engine was developed based on a diesel engine with bore 220, stroke 300. The developed gas engine had a precombustion chamber and exhibited excellent performance; the brake mean effective pressure was 2.1 MPa at 1000 rpm and NOx emissions were 50 ppm under 15% O2. In particular, it demonstrated excellent fuel economy with a thermal efficiency of 45%, and its carbon dioxide emissions were ~75% of the conventional diesel engines, thus demonstrating greenhouse gas reduction. These results indicate that suitably developed gas engines can provide a low-cost and energy-efficient alternative to diesel engines.
18
G. Shatrov, Mikhail, Vladimir V. Sinyavski, Andrey Yu. Dunin, Ivan G. Shishlov, Andrey V. Vakulenko, and Andrey L. Yakovenko. "Using Simulation for Development of The Systems of Automobile Gas Diesel Engine and its Operation Control." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.28 (May 16, 2018): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.28.12947.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The work was aimed at the development of gas supply, diesel fuel supply and electronic control systems for automobile gas diesel engines. Different ways of diesel engine conversion to operate on natural gas were analyzed. Gas diesel process with minimized ignition portion of diesel fuel injected by the CR system was selected. Electronic engine control and modular gas feed systems which can be used on high- and middle-speed gas diesel engines were developed. Diesel CR fuel supply system was developed in cooperation with the industrial partner. Simulation was used to obtain basic parameters and control methods of these systems. The base diesel engine was converted into gas diesel engine using the systems developed. Bench tests of the gas diesel engine demonstrated a high share of diesel fuel substitution with gas, high fuel efficiency and large decrease of NOх and СО2 emissions.
19
Rajashekhar, C. R., T. K. Chandrashekar, C. Umashankar, and R. Harish Kumar. "Reductions of Bio-Diesel Exhaust Emissions through Engine Combustion Chamber Design Modifications — An Experimental Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1751.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Increased demand and production in all segments of the automotive industry has driven the nation to impose stringent emission norms for automobile engines. At this juncture, bio-diesel has sufficient attraction as vehicular fuel. But the properties of bio-diesels are not the same as diesel fuels, including high viscosity and low volatility. Due to this inherent problem it exhibits poor atomization, which results in incomplete combustion and increased exhaust emissions. This naturally implies that automotive designers have to focus their research more on engine emissions while at the same time not compromising on power development. This has put enormous pressure on automotive industry to design the engine efficiently and economically to compete with the global market. This paper relates the modification of engine combustion chamber design, for inducing turbulence to improve the combustibility of combustible mixture of karanja bio-diesel and to reduce the exhaust emissions. The modification includes the tri-chambered piston and twisting blade pistons. In the present work the emission characteristics of modified piston engine are compared with the standard piston engine. It was observed that the CO and UBHC emissions can be effectively reduced with tri-chambered piston engine.
20
Prabhakar, S., V. N. Banugopan, K. Annamalai, P. Sentilkumar, G. Devaradjane, and S. Jayaraj. "Influence of injection timing on the performance, emissions, combustion analysis and sound characteristics of Nerium biodiesel operated single cylinder four stroke cycle direct injection diesel engine." Material Science Research India 7, no. 1 (June 25, 2010): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/070125.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The automobile sector which is growing day to day consumes the fossil fuel more than its growth. So there is a demand for exploring new sources of fuels for existing engines. This led to the growth in bio diesels which is an alternate fuel. An alternative fuel must be technically feasible, economically competitive, environmentally acceptable, and readily available. In this project esterified Nerium oil is used as an alternate fuel. A single cylinder stationary kirloskar engine is used to compare the performance and emission characteristics between pure diesel and Nerium blends. In this project selection of suitable nerium blend and selection of optimized injection timing for the blend is done. The Nerium oil blends are in percentage of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of Nerium oil to 80%, 60%, 40%, 20% & 0% of diesel. From this project it is concluded that among all nerium and diesel blends 20% of nerium and 80% of diesel blend at 30º BTDC gives better performance nearing the diesel. When comparing the emission characteristics HC, CO is reduced when compared to diesel, however NOx emission is slightly increased when compared to diesel. Hence Nerium blend can be used in existing diesel engines with minimum modification in the engine. It also describes the usage of non-edible oil to a greater extent.
21
Hamid, Abdul, Auliana Diah Wilujeng, Misbakhul Fatah, Mohammad Abdullah, Ainur Rohman, Faizatur Rohmah, and Annafiyah. "Utilization of Natural Zeolite as Emission Filter in Catalytic Converter of Diesel Engine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1097, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1097/1/012066.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The performance of natural zeolites in a catalytic converter to reduce the emission contents of diesel engine was studied in this research. Diesel engines are engines that use a high compression ratio to carry out a combustion process that will produce high contents of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur oxide (SO2) in diesel engine exhaust gases. One solution to reduce the contents of exhaust gas compounds in diesel engines is to use catalytic converter technology. In this study, the catalytic converter used natural zeolite as an emission filter. The catalytic converter was designed in the form of a pipe made from iron plates and hollow balls that were used as natural zeolite holders. A diesel engine emission test was conducted using a gas analyzer with engine speed variations. The results show the highest reduction efficiency in the emission contents of diesel engine (carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2)) of 46.14%, 22.77%, and 90.56%, respectively.
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Lus, Tomasz. "Changes in Marine Diesel Engines Operating Strategy." New Trends in Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 739–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2018-0093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Constant changes in the operating strategy of marine diesel engines are observed. They refer to whole engine and different functional systems of the engine in different range. The paper presents changes in marine diesel engines operating strategy. Gradual transition from simple failure response operating strategy – Corrective Maintenance (CM) to a reliability-oriented strategy – Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) has been described together with some remarks about Planed Maintenance (PM) systems and Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) systems with their latest form called CBM+. Some information about changes in diesel engines operating strategy in the Polish Navy (PN) at the turn of the last 35 years is also presented. An attempt to build engine analyzer for high-speed diesel engines at the Polish Naval Academy (PNA) in order to improve submarine diesel engines operating strategy is also described in the paper.
23
Erokhov, V. I., G. G. Nadareishvili, and A. S. Blinov. "Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Use of Nitrogen Oxide Reducing Agent of Exhaust Gases of Diesel Engines." Engines Construction, no. 289 (September 2022): 48–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/jec.2022.3.48-63.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The relevance of the article is due to the need to radically improve the environmental performance of automobile diesels. The most significant gaseous toxic component of spent diesel engines are nitrogen oxides. The mechanisms and models of nitrogen oxides formation in the diesel combustion chamber are considered. The analysis of methods for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides with diesel exhaust gases has been carried out. The most effective method of their purification from nitrogen oxides is the use of SCR technology, in which an aqueous urea solution is supplied to the diesel exhaust system. At a temperature of about 130 °C, urea decomposes into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Ammonia released from urea reacts with nitrogen oxides of exhaust gases, reducing them to nitrogen. A method for calculating the urea supply to the diesel exhaust system has been developed. Tests of the YAMZ-6566 diesel engine equipped with the SCR system were carried out. With an excess urea ratio of 1.03, the efficiency of the SCR system ranged from 89 to 100 %, depending on the operating mode of the diesel engine.
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Matijošius, Jonas, Olga Orynycz, Sergii Kovbasenko, Vitalii Simonenko, Yevheniy Shuba, Valentyn Moroz, Serhiy Gutarevych, Andrzej Wasiak, and Karol Tucki. "Testing the Indicators of Diesel Vehicles Operating on Diesel Oil and Diesel Biofuel." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 7, 2022): 9263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249263.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The growth in the number of cars and the increasing demand for fuels require scientific work to develop alternative fuels. The energy crisis, which is becoming more and more evident, is not unimportant. The manuscript presents an analysis of the possibility of using agricultural biofuels to power a diesel engine. The analysis was carried out in relation to the operation of the engine on conventional fuels. The D-241 engine under investigation is mainly used for agricultural tractors. During the tests carried out, the load characteristics of the diesel engine under investigation were determined as a function of fuel type and speed. The concentrations of CO, HC and NOx were analysed. Laboratory tests of the engine were carried out with a wide range of external loads to evaluate measurement errors for the measurement method. Experiments with the engine under investigation have shown that the hourly and specific biofuel consumption of diesel engines increases by an average of 11–16%. CO and NOx concentrations were found to be lower with increasing load compared to conventional diesel engines, while NOx concentrations are slightly increased. In all cases investigated, a decrease in exhaust development was observed.
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Karasev, Andrey V. "Genesis of autotractor diesel engineering and first diesel tractors." Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2618-8287-2020-58-1-207-215.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Agriculture needed a simple engine running on cheap fuel to switch to mechanical traction. Due to its simplicity and ability to work on oil, colorization engines have become widespread, including in agriculture. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in identifying the key issues that influenced the creation of diesel engines with divided combustion chamber: indirect, pre-chamber, as well as studying the story of the creation of the indirect diesel, the first diesel tractors. (Materials and methods) The article notes the importance of the International Congress of figures involved in the construction and use of internal combustion engines, and the exhibition organized at the same time. The exhibition presents 95 engines, 23 of them were created at Russian factories. The holding of the international event and the wide participation of domestic engine manufacturers in it testified to the development of engine design in Russia. (Results and discussion) The article notes that despite the success of the world engine building, the problem of creating a lightweight diesel of high specific power, suitable for installation on automotive equipment, has not been solved yet. The article consideres the history of creation of a high-speed turbocharged diesel engine with a "soft" flow of the working stroke. (Conclusions) A two-cylinder pre-chamber diesel engine with a capacity of 18 kilowatts (25 horsepower) at 800 rpm by P. L'Orange was produced by Benz & Cie in 1922 and intended for agricultural machinery. The Benz-Sendling S6 motor plow with the Benz & Cie diesel was launched in March 1923. In addition to three-wheeled tractors and motor plows, since 1923, Benz and Sendling have offered a four-wheeled model of the BK diesel tractor. The first serial diesel tractor in Europe is considered to be the Deutz tractor. Produced in 1927, the MTH 222 tractor was equipped with a 14-horsepower single-cylinder engine with an additional chamber.
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Nutu, Nikolaos Cristian, Constantin Pana, Alexandru Dobre, Niculae Negurescu, and Alexandru Cernat. "Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Fuelling a Truck Diesel Engine with Liquefied Petroleum Gas." Applied Mechanics and Materials 822 (January 2016): 198–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.822.198.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increasing price of the fuels and tightening of the pollution rules requires the use of some efficient fuelling methodes with altenative fuels for diesel engines. Fuelling with LPG of a diesel engine is a viable sollution, considering that it can be used the infrastructure for distribution and storage already used for spark ignition engines. In this work are presented results of theoretical and experimental investigations of a truck diesel engine fuelled with LPG by diesel-LPG methode. The main objective research is the decrease of the nitric oxides emissions with the premise that the engine power is maintained at the same level like in the case of the standard engine, fuelled only with diesel fuel.
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Finol, C. A., and K. Robinson. "Thermal modelling of modern diesel engines: proposal of a new heat transfer coefficient correlation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 225, no. 11 (July 18, 2011): 1544–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407011407559.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Existing methods for predicting heat fluxes and temperatures in internal combustion engines, which take the form of correlations to estimate the heat transfer coefficient on the gas-side of the combustion chamber, are based on methodology developed over the past 50 years, often updated in view of more recent experimental data. The application of these methods to modern diesels engines is questionable because key technologies found in current engines did not exist or were not widely used when those methods were developed. Examples of such technologies include: high-pressure common rail and variable fuel injection strategies including retarded injection for nitrogen oxides emission control; exhaust gas re-circulation; high levels of intake boost pressure provided by a single- or double-stage turbocharger and inter-cooling; multiple valves per cylinder and lower swirl; and advanced engine management systems. This suggests a need for improved predicting tools of thermal conditions, specifically temperature and heat flux profiles in the engine block and cylinder head. In this paper a modified correlation to predict the gas-side heat transfer coefficient in diesel engines is presented. The equation proposed is a simple relationship between Nu and Re calibrated to predict the instantaneous spatially averaged heat transfer coefficient at several operating conditions using air as gas in the model. It was derived from the analysis of experimental data obtained in a modern diesel engine and is supported by a research methodology comprising the application of thermodynamic principles and fundamental equations of heat transfer. The results showed that the new correlation adequately predicted the instantaneous coefficient throughout the operating cycle of a high-speed diesel engine. It also estimated the corresponding cycle-averaged heat transfer coefficient within 10 per cent of the experimental value for the operating conditions considered in the analysis.
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Gettel, L. E., G. C. Perry, J. Boisvert, and P. J. O’Sullivan. "Dual Fuel Engine Control Systems for Transportation Applications." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 109, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Microprocessor control systems have been developed for dual fuel diesel engines intended for transportation applications. Control system requirements for transportation engines are more demanding than for stationary engines, as the system must be able to cope with variable speed and load. Detailed fuel maps were determined for both normally aspirated and turbocharged diesel engines based on the criterion that the engine did not operate in the regimes where knock or incomplete combustion occurred. The control system was developed so that the engine would follow the detailed fuel map. The input variables to the control system are engine speed and load. Based on this, the system then controls the amount of natural gas and diesel fuel supplied to the engine. The performance of the system will be briefly summarized.
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Khan, T. M. Yunus. "A Review of Performance-Enhancing Innovative Modifications in Biodiesel Engines." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 26, 2020): 4395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174395.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The ever-increasing demand for transport is sustained by internal combustion (IC) engines. The demand for transport energy is large and continuously increasing across the globe. Though there are few alternative options emerging that may eliminate the IC engine, they are in a developing stage, meaning the burden of transportation has to be borne by IC engines until at least the near future. Hence, IC engines continue to be the prime mechanism to sustain transportation in general. However, the scarcity of fossil fuels and its rising prices have forced nations to look for alternate fuels. Biodiesel has been emerged as the replacement of diesel as fuel for diesel engines. The use of biodiesel in the existing diesel engine is not that efficient when it is compared with diesel run engine. Therefore, the biodiesel engine must be suitably improved in its design and developments pertaining to the intake manifold, fuel injection system, combustion chamber and exhaust manifold to get the maximum power output, improved brake thermal efficiency with reduced fuel consumption and exhaust emissions that are compatible with international standards. This paper reviews the efforts put by different researchers in modifying the engine components and systems to develop a diesel engine run on biodiesel for better performance, progressive combustion and improved emissions.
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Loo, Dong Lin, Yew Heng Teoh, Heoy Geok How, Jun Sheng Teh, Liviu Catalin Andrei, Slađana Starčević, and Farooq Sher. "Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (August 28, 2021): 9677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179677.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Two main aspects of the transportation industry are pollution to the environment and depletion of fossil fuels. In the transportation industry, the pollution to the environment can be reduced with the use of cleaner fuel, such as gas-to-liquid fuel, to reduce the exhaust emissions from engines. However, the depletion of fossil fuels is still significant. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable fuel that is considered an alternative resource to conventional diesel fuel. Even though biodiesel shows advantages as a renewable source, there are still minor drawbacks while operating in diesel engines. Modern vehicle engines are designed to be powered by conventional diesel fuel or gasoline fuel. In this review, the performance, emissions, combustion, and endurance characteristics of different types of diesel engines with various conditions are assessed with biodiesel and blended fuel as well as the effect of biodiesel on the diesel engines. The results show that biodiesel and blended fuel had fewer emissions of CO, HC, and PM but higher NOx emissions than the diesel-fuelled engine. In the endurance test, biodiesel and blended fuel showed less wear and carbon deposits. A high concentration of wear debris was found inside the lubricating oil while the engine operated with biodiesel and blends. The performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel and its blends showed that it can be used in a diesel engine. However, further research on long-term endurance tests is required to obtain a better understanding of endurance characteristics about engine wear of the diesel engine using biodiesel and its blends.
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Yang, Motong, and Yaodong Wang. "Application of Miller Cycle and Net-Zero Fuel(s) to Diesel Engine: Effect on the Performance and NOx Emissions of a Single-Cylinder Engine." Energies 16, no. 5 (March 6, 2023): 2488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052488.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Diesel engines play a very significant role in the automotive industry, but the total emissions of diesel engines are more than 1.8 times that of petrol engines. It is therefore important for diesel engines to control emissions. Theoretically, the Miller cycle can be used to achieve NOx reductions by changing the effective compression ratio, while it has become increasingly popular in recent years with the increasing maturity of current turbocharging technology. Based on Ricardo WAVE software, this paper analyses the NOx emissions and engine performance of diesel engines by modelling and simulating their operation under different loads with two types of Miller cycles (EIVC and LIVC) at different degrees. Simulation of engines operating under different loads allows a more comprehensive study of the effects of the Miller cycle on the engine, and a specific analysis in the context of the actual engine operating environment. The result is that both versions of the Miller cycle are most effective in reducing NOx emissions at 10% load, showing a maximum reduction of 21% for EIVC and 37% for LIVC. However, as the Miller cycle decreases engine power, the paper further investigates the application of turbocharger systems in the EIVC Miller cycle, with results showing a 32% increase in brake power at 10% load and −25% EIVC Miller cycle degree. Both ethanol-fueled diesel-cycle and Miller cycle engines were also analyzed, and a reduction in NOx emissions was observed, as well as hydrogen engine performance and NOx emissions.
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Greim, Helmut. "Sind Kraftfahrzeuge mit Dieselmotoren noch tolerabel?" ASU Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin 2020, no. 02 (January 31, 2020): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17147/asu-2002-7924.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Are vehicles with diesel engines still acceptable? Emissions from diesel engines are made up of hundreds of components, some in the form of particles and some gaseous. In 2002, the IARC classed diesel engine exhaust as carcinogenic to humans. Research in the workplace and studies on test persons showed inflammatory responses in the lungs, asthmatic responses and cardiovascular effects. The health implications of emissions have been in the public spotlight since the diesel scandal of 2015 and have called into question the acceptance of diesel engine technology. The optimisation of combustion processes in engines and exhaust gas treatment systems have nevertheless made it possible to reduce substantially the substances in exhaust over the last 20 years. In addition, the new test cycles are a practical way of monitoring emissions. The EURO 6 standard means that there is now virtually no difference between the emissions from diesel and petrol engines in newly registered vehicles, although diesel engines consume 15-20% less fuel than petrol engines. Keywords: diesel engines – emissions – carcinogenicity – diesel scandal
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Dobre, Alexandru, Constantin Pana, Nikolaos Cristian Nutu, Niculae Negurescu, and Alexandru Cernat. "Theoretical and Experimental Researches Regarding the Use of Butanol at Diesel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.183.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to the increasing growth of fuel consumption and also its price, alcohols begin to show a real interest for their use as fuel at compression ignition engines. Tightening the requirements on reducing the level of pollutant emissions and greenhouse effect gases has led to the increasing of research on using alcohols as alternative fuel for diesel engine. Among the primary alcohols, butyl alcohol (butanol) is considered to be of great perspective in its use as fuel in diesel engines, due to its properties close to those of diesel fuel. The overall objective of the paper represents using butanol at an automotive diesel engine in order to reduce BSFC, to reduce engine emissions and replace fossil fuels. This paper presents some aspects of the operation of diesel engine fuelled with blends of diesel fuel and butanol. Results of theoretical and experimental investigations done on a 1.5 L diesel engine fuelled with butanol are presented. At the use of butanol in mixture with diesel fuel in different proportions (10% and 20% butanol vol.), brake specific energetic consumption of the engine was reduced by about 2.5% and respectively 5%, NOx emissions decreased by about 15% and respectively 20%, CO2 emission by about 5% for 20% butanol, at the engine running at full load and maximum torque engine speed. The results of experimental investigations have validated the physical-mathematical model used for the simulation of thermo-gas-dynamics processes from the inside engine cylinder. The paper brings real contributions in the field making available to specialists new information related to the use of butanol at the diesel engines.
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Gant, G. C., and G. J. Alves. "Progress in Electronic Control of Large Diesel Engines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 3 (July 1, 1990): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906493.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The general theme of the growing use of electronic systems for the control and monitoring of large diesel engines is discussed. Central to the theme is a new digital governing system for industrial, traction, and marine diesels. This new governing system is capable also of being a marine propulsion controller or engine management/protection system and thus can be a very cost-effective package. In wider use it can work under the overall control of a power management host computer and interface with engine health monitoring equipment. Experience to date with the new governor is reported and plans for its future use outlined.
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NATRIASHVILI, Tamaz M., and Revaz Z. KAVTARADZE. "SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE HYDROGEN-DIESEL ENGINE WORKING PROCESS." Mechanics of Machines, Mechanisms and Materials 1, no. 58 (March 2022): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46864/1995-0470-2022-1-58-31-36.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The works related to the research of the problems and prospects of a hydrogen-fueled reciprocating engine, published so far, mainly relate to the use of hydrogen in spark-ignition engines. Developments of BMW, Toyota and other manufacturers are used in production car models. However, despite a number of advantages, serial production of hydrogen-diesel engines does not yet exist. This paper presents some results of the study of the working process features of a hydrogen-diesel engine with direct injection of hydrogen gas, analyzes the problems and prospects of the concept of the hydrogen-diesel engine. The obtained results of 3D modelling of the working process and experimental research prove the prospects and reality of the implementation of the hydrogen-diesel engine concept.
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Cheng, Wen Ming, and Jia Liu. "Emission Characteristics Comparison of a Common Rail Diesel Engine Fuelled with Diesel and Biodiesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 127 (October 2011): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.127.237.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Diesel engines are widely used in almost all walks of life and cannot be dispensed with in the near future, and common rail technology is now widely applied in diesel engines for its advantages. An experimental investigation is carried out to establish the emission characteristics of a common rail diesel engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel produced from cottonseed oil. The emissions measured were carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen and smoke. From the results, it is found that most exhaust emissions encountered with conventional diesel fuel are reduced with biodiesel fuel, with the exception of nitrogen oxides. From the investigation it can be concluded that biodiesel can be used as an alternative to diesel in a common rail diesel engine without any engine modifications.
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Meininger, Rik D., Chol-Bum M. Kweon, Michael T. Szedlmayer, Khanh Q. Dang, Newman B. Jackson, Christopher A. Lindsey, Joseph A. Gibson, and Ross H. Armstrong. "Knock criteria for aviation diesel engines." International Journal of Engine Research 18, no. 7 (September 20, 2016): 752–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087416669882.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study was to develop knock criteria for aviation diesel engines that have experienced a number of malfunctions during flight and ground operation. Aviation diesel engines have been vulnerable to knock because they use cylinder wall coating on the aluminum engine block, instead of using steel liners. This has been a trade-off between reliability and lightweighting. An in-line four-cylinder four-stroke direct-injection high-speed turbocharged aviation diesel engine was tested to characterize its combustion at various ground and flight conditions for several specially formulated Jet A fuels. The main fuel property chosen for this study was cetane number, as it significantly impacts the combustion of the aviation diesel engines. The other fuel properties were maintained within the MIL-DTL-83133 specification. The results showed that lower cetane number fuels showed more knock tendency than higher cetane number fuels for the tested aviation diesel engine. In this study, maximum pressure rise rate, or Rmax, was used as a parameter to define knock criteria for aviation diesel engines. Rmax values larger than 1500 kPa/cad require correction to avoid potential mechanical and thermal stresses on the cylinder wall coating. The finite element analysis model using the experimental data showed similarly high mechanical and thermal stresses on the cylinder wall coating. The developed diesel knock criteria are recommended as one of the ways to prevent hard knock for engine developers to consider when they design or calibrate aviation diesel engines.
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Pal, Amit, and Abhishek Tiwari. "An Investigation of the Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Compression Ignition Engines in Dual-Fuel Mode." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 1, no. 3 (2013): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.131311.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays automobiles have become significantly essential to our modern life style. On the other hand, future of automobiles, built on the internal combustion engines, has been badly hit by the twin problems due to diminishing fuel supplies and environmental degradation. Thus, it is very important to identify some clean-burning, renewable, alternative fuels to ensure the safe survival of internal combustion engines. However, it is not possible to have a common alternative fuel for universal application in the existing engines that have been designed to operate on petroleum-based fuels. Towards this, scientists have proposed a range of solutions for diesel engines, one of which is the use of gaseous fuels as a complement for liquid diesel fuel. These engines, which use conventional diesel fuel and gaseous fuel, are referred to as ‘dual-fuel engines’. In this work an attempt is made to find the role of various operating parameters in optimizing engine operating and design parameters, and the effect of the type of gaseous fuel on the performance and emissions of the gas diesel engines. The ‘dual fuel concept’ is a promising technique for controlling both NOx and soot emissions even on existing diesel engine. But, HC, CO emissions and ‘bsfc’ are higher for part load gas diesel engine operations.
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Anggono, Willyanto, Wataru Ikoma, Haoyu Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Mitsuhisa Ichiyanagi, and Takashi Suzuki. "Effect of Various Supercharger Boost Pressure to in-Cylinder Pressure and Heat Release Rate Characteristics of Direct Injection Diesel Engine at Various Engine Rotation." E3S Web of Conferences 130 (2019): 01036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913001036.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The diesel engines are superior in terms of power efficiency and fuel economy compared to gasoline engines. In order to optimize the performance of direct injection diesel engine, the effect of various intake pressure (boost pressure) from supercharging direct injection diesel engine was studied at various engine rotation. A single cylinder direct injection diesel engine was used in this experiment. The bore diameter of the engine used was set to 85 mm, the stroke length was set to 96.9 mm, and the compression ratio was set to 16.3. The variation of engine rotation started from 800 rpm to 2 000 rpm with 400 rpm increment. The variation of boost pressure is bounded from 0 kPa boost pressure (naturally aspirated) to the maximum of 60 kPa boost pressure with 20 kPa boost pressure increment. The performance of the engine is evaluated in terms of in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate as the most important performance characteristics of the diesel engine. The in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate of direct injection diesel engine are increased with the elevation of boost pressure at various engine rotation. The raise of engine rotation resulted in the decrease of maximum in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate.
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Blizzard, D. T., F. S. Schaub, and J. G. Smith. "Development of the Cooper-Bessemer CleanBurn™ Gas-Diesel (Dual-Fuel) Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906614.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
NOx emission legislation requirements for large-bore internal combustion engines have required engine manufacturers to continue to develop and improve techniques for exhaust emission reduction. This paper describes the development of the Cooper-Bessemer Clean Burn™ gas-diesel (dual-fuel) engine that results in NOx reductions of up to 92 percent as compared with an uncontrolled gas-diesel engine. Historically, the gas-diesel and diesel engine combustion systems have not responded to similar techniques of NOx reduction that have been successful on straight spark-ignited natural gas burning engines. NOx levels of a nominal 1.0 g/BHP-h, equal to the spark-ignited natural gas fueled engine, have been achieved for the gas-diesel and are described. In addition, the higher opacity exhaust plume characteristic of gas-diesel combustion is significantly reduced or eliminated. This achievement is considered to be a major breakthrough, and the concept can be applied to both new and retrofit applications.
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GĘCA, Michał, Zbigniew CZYŻ, and Mariusz SUŁEK. "Diesel engine for aircraft propulsion system." Combustion Engines 169, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-202.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Stricter requirements for power in engines and difficulties in fueling gasoline engines at the airport make aircraft engine manufac-turers design new engines capable of combusting fuel derived from JET-A1. New materials used in compression-ignition engines enable weight reduction, whereas the technologies of a Common Rail system, supercharging and 2-stroke working cycle enable us to increasethe power generated by an engine of a given displacement. The paper discusses the parameters of about 40 types of aircraft compression ignition engines. The parameters of these engines are compared to the spark-ignition Rotax 912 and the turboprop. The paper also shows trends in developing aircraft compression-ignition engines.
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Butkus, Algis, Saugirdas Pukalskas, and Zenonas Bogdanovičius. "THE INFLUENCE OF TURPENTINE ADDITIVE ON THE ECOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF DIESEL ENGINES." TRANSPORT 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2007): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2007.9638103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After Lithuania's accession to the EU it is very important to use a larger amount of renewable fuel. Based on economic and environmental considerations in Lithuania, we are interested in studying the effects of turpentine contents in the blended turpentine‐diesel fuel on the engine performance and pollutant emission of compression ignition (CI) engine. Therefore, we used engine test facilities to investigate the effects on the engine performance and pollutant emission of 5 % turpentine in the fuel blend. The tests were carried out in the laboratory on an engine dynamometer of the car Audi 1Z and tractor D21 diesel engines. The experimental results showed that turpentine used in the fuel blend for these diesel engines had a positive influence on the engine performance and exhaust emission.
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Cui, Xiang Dong, Zhi De Zhang, and Bin Li. "Study on Energy Saving and Environmental Protection of Marine Dual Fuel Diesel Engine and Using Problems in China." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1912–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1912.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With concern about the influence from hazardous emissions of marine diesel engine using fuel oil as fuel and international convention on marine diesel engine emission regulations, the new technology developments of foreign marine dual fuel diesel engines and their latest progresses are introduced, and the development trend of dual fuel diesel engine applications on ship demonstrated. The using problems of the marine dual fuel diesel engine in China are researched with an analysis and prospect of action and reaction in China.
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Georgiou, Charalampos, and Ulugbek Azimov. "Analysis and Multi-Parametric Optimisation of the Performance and Exhaust Gas Emissions of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Operating on Miller Cycle." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 3724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143724.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A major issue nowadays that concerns the pollution of the environment is the emissions emerging from heavy-duty internal combustion engines. Such concern is dictated by the fact that the electrification of heavy-duty transport still remains quite challenging due to limitations associated with mileage, charging speed and payload. Further improvements in the performance and emission characteristics of conventional heavy-duty diesel engines are required. One of a few feasible approaches to simultaneously improve the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine is to convert it to operate on Miller cycle. Therefore, this study was divided into two stages, the first stage was the simulation of a heavy-duty turbocharged diesel engine (4-stroke, 6-cylinder and 390 kW) to generate data that will represent the reference model. The second stage was the application of Miller cycle to the conventional diesel engine by changing the degrees of intake valve closure and compressor pressure ratio. Both stages have been implemented through the specialist software which was able to simulate and represent a diesel engine based on performance and emissions data. An objective of this extensive investigation was to develop several models in order to compare their emissions and performances and design a Miller cycle engine with an ultimate goal to optimize diesel engine for improved performance and reduced emissions. This study demonstrates that Miller cycle diesel engines could overtake conventional diesel engines for the reduced exhaust gas emissions at the same or even better level of performance. This study shows that, due to the dependence of engine performance on complex multi-parametric operation, only one model achieved the objectives of the study, more specifically, engine power and torque were increased by 5.5%, whilst nitrogen oxides and particulate matter were decreased by 30.2% and 5.5%, respectively, with negligible change in specific fuel consumption and CO2, as average values over the whole range of engine operating regimes.
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Kasprzyk, Piotr, Jacek Hunicz, Arkadiusz Rybak, Michał S. Gęca, and Maciej Mikulski. "Excess Air Ratio Management in a Diesel Engine with Exhaust Backpressure Compensation." Sensors 20, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 6701. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226701.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper investigates the operation of a wideband universal exhaust gas oxygen (UEGO) sensor in a diesel engine under elevated exhaust backpressure. Although UEGO sensors provide the excess air ratio feedback signal primarily in spark ignition engines, they are also used in diesel engines to facilitate low-emission combustion. The excess air signal is used as an input for the fuel mass observer, as well as to run the engine in the low-emission regime and enable smokeless acceleration. To ensure a short response time and individual cylinder control, the UEGO sensor can be installed upstream of a turbocharger; however, this means that the exhaust gas pressure affects the measured oxygen concentration. Therefore, this study determines the sensor’s sensitivity to the exhaust pressure under typical conditions for lean burn low-emission diesel engines. Identification experiments are carried out on a supercharged single-cylinder diesel engine with an exhaust system mimicking the operation of the turbocharger. The apparent excess air measured with the UEGO sensor is compared to that obtained in a detailed exhaust gas analysis. The comparison of reference and apparent signals shows that the pressure compensation correlations used in gasoline engines do not provide the correct values for diesel engine conditions. Therefore, based on the data analysis, a new empirical formula is proposed, for which the suitability for lean burn diesel engines is verified.
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Lahutin, Hennadiy, Anatoliy Panchenko, Volodymyr Uvarov, and Oleh Sal’nyk. "Features of starting motor vehicles diesel engines with the use of molecular energy storages." Vehicle and electronics. Innovative technologies, no. 22 (December 27, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/veit.2022.22.0.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Problem. With the experience of special purpose vehicles operating in the field, there is a problem of electrical start-up of diesel engines at low temperatures. It is caused by an increase in the motor oil viscosity, as well as a decrease in the starter batteries capacity. Goal. The goal of the work is to investigate the possibilities of using molecular energy storage for the reliable diesel engines start-up, including in low temperatures, aimed at improving the efficiency of the electrical start-up systems of special purpose vehicles diesel engines, which are operated in the field. Methodology. Methods of mathematical statistics were used in the study of the characteristics of molecular energy storage. When justifying the characteristics of the diesel engines electrical start-up system with molecular energy storage, mathematical methods of operations research were applied. Methods of mathematical analysis were used in the development of a diesel start-up system scheme. Results. The functional scheme of the electrical start-up system of diesel with a molecular energy storages is proposed. Originality. There are the known ways to facilitate the launch of diesel engines in low temperatures, such as the engine pre-growing or the heating of the air entering the engine combustion chambers, but they lead to a rapid discharge of starter batteries. This may make it impossible to start the diesel engine. The use of molecular energy storage will ensure a reliable start-up of a cold diesel engine. Practical meaning. The use of a combined electricity source, consisting of batteries and molecular energy storage, provides a reliable start-up of the engine in extreme temperature conditions, reducing the batteries capacity, increasing their service life, and cutting down operating costs.
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Ivnev, Alexander Andreevich, Vladimir Anatoljevich Zhukov, Yuriy Evgenievich Khryashchyev, and Alexander Ivanovich Yamanin. "Thermal tension of cylinder covers of transport diesel engines converted to marine diesels." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2021, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2021-2-55-64.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article describes the characteristics of thermal loading of the cylinder covers of transport diesel engines during their conversion to marine diesels. The engines of the CHN14/14 type produced by the Yaroslavl Motor Plant are proposed as promising for use in marine power plants. A special feature of the engine design is the individual four-valve cylinder heads, which have a complex geometric shape. The conversion of automobile engines, the cylinder heads of which were made of aluminum alloys, to marine ones is accompanied by an increase in the degree of their acceleration. The cylinder heads in operation experience significant thermal and mechanical loads, which causes the need for increased requirements for the materials of the cylinder heads. The rational choice of the cylinder head material is one of the most important tasks to be solved when upgrading and boosting engines. Experience in the operation of marine diesel engines shows that in order to ensure the required reliability under prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures due to forcing, it is necessary to choose cast iron as a structural material. A three-dimensional model of the cylinder head is developed. When performing the calculations, the boundary conditions are justified, taking into account the local nature of the distribution of thermal and mechanical effects on the diesel cylinder head. As a result of numerical modeling, the stress-strain states of cylinder heads made of high-strength cast iron, ductile iron and cast iron with vermicular graphite are determined and analyzed. There has been proved the preference for using cast irons with vermicular graphite, which have satisfactory casting and physical and mechanical properties. The advantages of using cast iron with vermicular graphite include a decrease in the temperature of the cylinder head in the area of the inter-valve bridge. The possibility of increasing the engine power from 330 to 560 kW when replacing aluminum alloys with cast iron with vermicular graphite for the manufacture of cylinder heads is proved.
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French, C. C. J. "The Need for Excellence." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power Engineering 203, no. 1 (February 1989): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1989_203_002_02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The 1988 President gives a brief resume of his education and apprenticeship and then goes on to review his career at Ricardo Consulting Engineers. He describes some of the projects with which he has been involved, including a torpedo engine, a recycle diesel engine, heat transfer in engines, two-cycle diesel engines and the Atlas research engine. He discusses the future of the reciprocating internal combustion engine and concludes by emphasizing the need for engineering excellence in an increasingly competitive world market.
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Koehler, Horst W., and Claus Windelev. "Low-Emission Medium-Speed Diesel Engines." Marine Technology and SNAME News 38, no. 04 (October 1, 2001): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2001.38.4.261.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In today's environmentally aware society the large-bore diesel engine is not alone in coming under scrutiny. Although only 0.25 to 0.35% among the total exhaust gases produced by this type of engine are toxious compounds, even such small amounts still need to be reduced further. MAN B&W Diesel, market leaders in the production of large-bore two-and four-stroke diesel engines covering the output bracket between 680 hp and almost 100 000 hp per engine (Fig. 1), have been facing up to this challenge for almost a decade. Taking state-of-the-art MAN B&W four-stroke engines as its example, this paper outlines the causes and effects of the major pollutants, including carbon dioxide, the "greenhouse gas," and describes some of the options available for reducing them [1]. The NOx emission control measures implemented in the current generation of MAN B&W diesel engines ensure that they comply with statutory emission limits. Since the time this paper was compiled (January 2000) much progress has been achieved in reducing pollutant emissions from diesel engines, in particular as regards smoke emissions from cruise vessels slow-steaming in strictly protected tourist areas. As an example the authors' company introduced an IS version (IS = invisible smoke) for their largest medium-speed diesel engines in September 2000, featuring invisible exhaust plumes in transient operation between idling and full load. Fig. 1MAN B&W slow-speed and medium-speed diesel engine program (status: 1999)
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Zhou, P. L., and Y. Q. Qian. "Development of a modified diesel engine cycle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 212, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407981525867.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents an investigation of a novel type of diesel engine cycle, an approximate constant pressure cycle. The prototype engine is called the diesel engine with oil cushioned piston (DEOCP). In contrast to conventional engines, the DEOCP has a variable cylinder volume which is controlled automatically by the engine's cylinder pressure. The variable cylinder pressure is achieved by inserting a hydraulic cylinder into the engine's piston rod. The engine cylinder pressure is thus self-controlled and an ideal constant pressure cycle can theoretically be achieved. Computer simulations and engine tests have shown that the DEOCP distinguishes itself with high cycle efficiency, improved low-load performance and good starting ability. A detailed theoretical analysis and test results are presented in the paper, as well as a discussion of existing problems and possible further developments. Development of the diesel engine with oil cushioned piston could break the limit of cycle efficiency of conventional engines, hence opening a new avenue for diesel engine development.