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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "DICI ENGINE"

1

Babayev, Rafig, Arne Andersson, Albert Serra Dalmau, Hong G. Im, and Bengt Johansson. "Computational optimization of a hydrogen direct-injection compression-ignition engine for jet mixing dominated nonpremixed combustion." International Journal of Engine Research 23, no. 5 (December 15, 2021): 754–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14680874211053556.

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Hydrogen (H2) nonpremixed combustion has been showcased as a potentially viable and preferable strategy for direct-injection compression-ignition (DICI) engines for its ability to deliver high heat release rates and low heat transfer losses, in addition to potentially zero CO2 emissions. However, this concept requires a different optimization strategy compared to conventional diesel engines, prioritizing a combustion mode dominated by free turbulent jet mixing. In the present work, this optimization strategy is realized and studied computationally using the CONVERGE CFD solver. It involves adopting wide piston bowl designs with shapes adapted to the H2 jets, altered injector umbrella angle, and an increased number of nozzle orifices with either smaller orifice diameter or reduced injection pressure to maintain constant injector flow rate capacity. This work shows that these modifications are effective at maximizing free-jet mixing, thus enabling more favorable heat release profiles, reducing wall heat transfer by 35%, and improving indicated efficiency by 2.2 percentage points. However, they also caused elevated incomplete combustion losses at low excess air ratios, which may be eliminated by implementing a moderate swirl, small post-injections, and further optimized jet momentum and piston design. Noise emissions with the optimized DICI H2 combustion are shown to be comparable to those from conventional diesel engines. Finally, it is demonstrated that modern engine concepts, such as the double compression-expansion engine, may achieve around 56% brake thermal efficiency with the DICI H2 combustion, which is 1.1 percentage point higher than with diesel fuel. Thus, this work contributes to the knowledge base required for future improvements in H2 engine efficiency.
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2

Arun, R., Muthe Srinivasa Rao, A. Prabu, and R. B. Anand. "Experimental Investigation on DICI Engine by Using Chemical and Nano Additives Blended Biodiesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1575.

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An Experimental investigation is conducted to establish the feasibility of using Jatropha biodiesel in Direct Injection Compression Ignition (DICI) engines. While the biodiesel has certain limitations and adverse in terms of poor performance and high level of pollutants in the exhaust of the gases, specified chemical (Propylene Glycol, C3H8O2) and nano(Al2O3) additives are used with Jatropha biodiesel. The experiments are conducted in two phases by using an experimental test rig, which consists of a DICI engine, electric loading device, data acquisition system, and AVL exhaust gas analyzers. In the first phases of experimentation, the performance and emission characteristics of the engine are analyzed by using neat diesel and Jatropha biodiesel and in the second phase of investigation, similar experiments are conducted by using chemical and nanoadditives blended biodiesel. The results of biodiesel are compared with those of neat diesel and it is seen that the performance and emission characteristics of the engine are inferior in the case of biodiesel when compared with neat diesel. However, the results revealed that the working characteristics could be improved by selecting of proper chemical and nanoadditives in right proportions.
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3

Rao, Muthe Srinivasa, and R. B. Anand. "Working Characteristics of a DICI Engine by Using Water Emulsion Biodiesel Fuels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1847.

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The present experimental investigation is carried out to establish the stability, compatibility and feasibility of working characteristics of DICI engine by using Jatropha biodiesel, Pongamia biodiesel and related water emulsion biodiesels. Experiments are carried out in two phases on a DICI engine test rig which includes CI engine, electric loading device, exhaust gas analysers, and a data-acquisition system. The performance and emission characteristics of the engine are studied by using neat diesel, Jatropha and Pongamia biodiesel in the first phase, and similar experiments are conducted by water – biodiesel emulsion fuels in the second phase. The water–biodiesel emulsion fuels are prepared with the aid of a mechanical homogenizer in the proportion of 10% water, 88 % biodiesel, and 2 % surfactants (by volume). Sequentially, the stability characteristics of water–biodiesel emulsion fuels are analyzed. The results indicated that slight improvement in BTE and BSFC for water – biodiesel emulsion fuels compared to biodiesel fuels. The exhaust emissions of NOx and smoke opacity were decreased for the water biodiesel emulsion fuels as compared to respective neat biodiesel and neat diesel. CO & unburned HC emissions were slightly increased for the water biodiesel emulsion fuels compared to respective neat biodiesels and less than of neat diesel.
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4

Arumugam, Sozhi, Pitchandi Kasivisvanathan, M. Arventh, and P. Maheshkumar. "Effect of Re-Entrant and Toroidal Combustion Chambers in a DICI Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.722.

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This paper presents the experimental work to investigate the effect of Re-entrant and Toroidal combustion chambers in a DICI Engine. The two combustion chambers namely Re-entrant combustion chamber (RCC) and Toroidal combustion chamber (TCC) were fitted in a 4.4 kW single cylinder Direct Injection Compression Ignition (DICI) engine and tests were conducted with diesel. The influences of the combustion chamber geometry characteristics on combustion, performance and emissions characteristics have been investigated. This investigation shows the peak pressure of re-entrant chamber is higher than that of toroidal chamber. The heat release rate and brake thermal efficiency for re-entrant chamber are slightly higher than that of toroidal chamber. Specific fuel consumption is lower for toroidal chamber than that of re-entrant chamber. The enhancement in reduction of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon is observed for Re-entrant chamber compared to the Toroidal chamber. Oxides of nitrogen are reduced for toroidal chamber than that of re-entrant chamber.
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5

Krishna, B. Murali. "DICI Engine With Diesel and CNSL Biodiesel Fuel as a Biodegrade Substitute." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.287120.

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Анотація:
The most popularly used prime mover is compression ignition (CI) engine, which moves a large portion of the world’s good and majorly uses diesel as a fuel in turn leads ever increasing demand throughout the world wide. Also, one of the largest contributors to environmental pollution is diesel fuel. The resolving solution for this problem is use of renewable fuel i.e. Biodiesel. Biomass in the form of cashew nut shell (CNSL) represents a new energy source and abundant biodegradable source of energy in India. The Biodiesel made from CNSL and its blend with diesel are promising alternative fuel for diesel engine. This paper presents performance evolution results of single cylinder diesel engine with different loads were studied using Diesel and CNSL Biodiesel [with 5 to 30% proportion] blends. The results are compared with neat diesel operation and concluded that 25 % CNSL Biodiesel blend is the optimum.
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6

Srinivasa Rao, M., and R. B. Anand. "Production characterization and working characteristics in DICI engine of Pongamia biodiesel." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 121 (November 2015): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.07.031.

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7

Xu, Leilei, Xue-Song Bai, Changle Li, Per Tunestål, Martin Tunér, and Xingcai Lu. "Emission characteristics and engine performance of gasoline DICI engine in the transition from HCCI to PPC." Fuel 254 (October 2019): 115619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.115619.

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8

Ra, Youngchul, Paul Loeper, Michael Andrie, Roger Krieger, David E. Foster, Rolf D. Reitz, and Russ Durrett. "Gasoline DICI Engine Operation in the LTC Regime Using Triple- Pulse Injection." SAE International Journal of Engines 5, no. 3 (April 16, 2012): 1109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1131.

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9

Parida, M. K., and A. K. Rout. "Combustion of Argemone mexicana biodiesel blends in a constant-volume DICI engine." Biofuels 10, no. 4 (June 7, 2017): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1332295.

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10

Gnanamoorthi, V., and G. Devaradjane. "Multi-zone modeling effect on combustion on DICI engine using ethanol diesel blend." Applied Mathematical Sciences 9 (2015): 3381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ams.2015.54324.

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Дисертації з теми "DICI ENGINE"

1

Jones, Stephen T. "Experimental investigations, modelling and control of direct injection gasoline engines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246313.

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2

Twiney, Benjamin W. G. "Investigation of combustion robustness in catalyst heating operation on a spray guided DISI engine." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.558407.

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Анотація:
The cold start catalyst warm-up operation is seen as one of the most important modes in Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) Engine operation. When the catalyst is cold the engine out emissions become the tailpipe out emissions, so it is vital for the catalyst to obtain its working temperature as quickly as possible. A very high exhaust temperature can be achieved with a very retarded ignition - the engine can be made to operate at no load with a close to wide open throttle. With a retarded ignition, a split injection strategy has been shown to improve combustion stability which is critical for the trade-off between tailpipe emissions and vehicle idle stability. The spray guided DISI engine has a multi- hole injector centrally located in the chamber with the spark plug. For catalyst heating operation, the first injection occurs during induction, which forms a relatively well mixed but lean mixture in the cylinder before ignition, and the second injection occurs close to a retarded ignition, which produces a stratified fuel rich mixture in the central region of the combustion chamber near the spark plug. Combustion initialization is found to be sensitive to spark plug protrusion and orientation, injector orientation and 2nd injection timing relative to ignition. High tension current and voltage measurements have been taken in order to characterize the effect of the 2nd injection timing on both the breakdown and the glow phase of the arc discharge. Both phases are shown to be influenced by the timing of the 2nd injection. The richer mixture causes the breakdown voltage to increases while the airflow entrained in the 2nd injection has been shown to stretch the spark and in the worst case extinguish it prematurely. In-cylinder spray imaging by Mie scattering has been taken with frame rates up to 6000 fps, with high speed video photography of chemiluminescence and soot thermal radiation. Tests have studied the effect of the spark plug orientation and injector orientation, with timing sweeps for the phasing of the second injection. The images show interaction of a fuel jet with the earth electrode, stretching of the arc, variable location for the start of combustion and significant cycle-by-cycle variations with the same operating point leading to normal combustion, slow combustion and misfiring cycles. Spectroscopic measurements have confirmed the presence of OH *, CH * and C2*; emissions lines, and their relative magnitude compared to soot radiation. Filtering for CH * has been used with a photo-multiplier tube. These signals show the arc discharge, the delay between the arc and the kernel growth and (depending on the timing of the 2nd injection) small kernels which do not subsequently fully develop and can cause misfiring cycles. Unburned hydrocarbon emissions have been measured with a fast-response FID, so that emissions can be related to: misfiring cycles, slow burning cycles (0 < GMEP <0.5), and normal cycles. These measurements show that only the misfiring cycles lead to significant unburnt hydrocarbon emissions. The misfire mechanism depends on the timing of the 2nd injection. When the 2nd injection ends at the spark, no kernel is seen for a misfiring cycle. However, a kernel is shown to grow in the lean background mixture indicating that the misfire mechanism, when the 2nd injection ends close to the spark, is that the local air/fuel ratio is too rich for the onset of combustion. However, when the 2nd injection is significantly retarded from the spark a different misfire mechanism is present. A small kernel is shown to exist between the spark and the arrival of the fuel from the 2nd injection. For the misfiring cycle, this kernel is extinguished early, possibly due to an interaction between the kernel and the 2nd injection.
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3

Liu, Quan. "Planar laser induced fluorescence imaging and analysis with ethanol blended fuels in a direct injection spark ignition engine." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14786.

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The currently reported thesis was concerned with visualisation of the charge homogeneity and cyclic variations within the planar fuel field near the spark plug in an optical spark ignition engine fitted with an outwardly opening central direct fuel injector. Specifically, the project examined the effects of fuel type and injection settings, with the overall view to understanding some of the key mechanisms previously identified as leading to particulate formation in such engines. The three fuels studied included a baseline iso-octane, which was directly compared to two gasoline fuels containing 10% (E10) and 85% (E85) volume of ethanol respectively. The engine was a bespoke single cylinder with Bowditch style optical access through a flat piston crown. Charge stratification was studied over a wide spectrum of injection timings using the Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) technique, with additional variation in charge temperature due to injection also estimated when viable using a two-line PLIF approach. Overall, both gasoline-ethanol fuels generally exhibited a higher degree of stratification, albeit at least partly alleviated with elevated rail pressures. Under both warm and cold liner conditions the E10 fuel showed clear evidence of fuel droplets persisting up until ignition. Interestingly, with late injection timing the repeatability of the injection was superior (statistically) with higher ethanol content in the fuel, which may have been associated with the higher charge temperatures aiding control of the evaporation of the main mass of alcohol. The findings were corroborated by undertaking a comprehensive study of the influence of varying fuel type and injection settings on thermodynamic performance and engine-out emissions during firing operation, with additional gas exchange effects also influencing the optimum fuel injection timings.
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4

Oh, Changhoon. "Assessment of the factors influencing PN emission in a DISI engine under cold-start condition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106786.

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Анотація:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 155-160).
Due to their advantages in higher fuel efficiency and torque compared to conventional port fuel injection (PFI) engines, direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines have become dominant in gasoline-fueled engines. However, DISI engines have a significant drawback in particulate matter (PM) emission: the PM emission of DISI engines is at least an order of magnitude higher than that of PFI engines. The objective of this study is to investigate PM emission in DISI engines, mainly focusing on particulate number (PN) emission. The study aims to assess, respectively, the plausible PM formation mechanisms: non-fuel originated sources (e.g., lubricant), flame propagation in rich mixture and the pyrolysis of the vapor from liquid fuel film. Through a series of experiments, it has been found that non-fuel contribution is less important than the other two mechanisms. For all operating conditions, the absolute amount of the non-fuel contribution is much smaller than the total emission. In case of PM generated by flame propagation in rich mixture, there is a threshold air-fuel equivalence ratio below which PM starts to form rapidly. The threshold is influenced by the combustion temperature. PM starts to form at lower equivalence ratio when the combustion temperature was lower. Contrary to the PM generated from flame propagation in fuel-rich mixture case, that from the liquid fuel film is suppressed by lowering the combustion temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging shows that the sizes of primary particles and agglomerated particles become larger as engine load increases, but particulates from different mechanisms have different morphology.
by Changhoon Oh.
Ph. D.
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5

Efthymiou, Petros. "An optical investigation of DISI engine combustion, fuel spray and emissions at cold-start temperatures." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19486.

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Particulate number (PN) standards in current and future emissions legislation pose a challenge for designers and calibrators during the warm-up phases of cold direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines. To achieve catalyst light-off conditions in the shortest time, engine strategies are often employed that inherently use more fuel to attain higher exhaust temperatures. These can lead to the generation of locally fuel-rich regions within the combustion chamber and hence the formation and emission of particulates. To meet these emissions requirements, further understanding of the DISI in-cylinder processes during cold-start are required. This thesis investigates the effect of cooling an optical research engine to temperatures as low as -7°C, one of the legislative test conditions. A high-speed 9 kHz optical investigation of the in-cylinder combustion and fuel spray along with in-cylinder pressure measurements was completed with the engine motored and fired at 1500 rpm during combustion conditions that were essentially homogeneous and stoichiometric. Results showed significant differences between the flame growth structures at various operating temperature conditions with the notable presence of fuel-rich regions, which are understood to be prominent areas of particulate formation. Measured engine performance parameters such as indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and mass fraction burned (MFB) times correlated with the observed differences in combustion characteristics and flame growth speed. It was shown that flash boiling of the fuel spray was present in the fully heated engine case and significantly reduced the penetration of the spray plume and the likelihood of piston crown and cylinder liner impingement. The flow and combustion processes of a transient production cold start-up strategy were analysed using high-speed particle image velocimetry (HSPIV). Results highlighted a broad range of flame structures and contrasting flame stoichiometry occurring at different times in the start-up process. Turbulent flow structures were identified that have an effect on the fuel spray development and combustion process as well as providing a path for cold-start emissions reduction. PN and transient hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were measured at cold conditions to further elucidate the effect of operating temperature and correlate emissions data with in-cylinder measurements. A clear link between the quantity and size range of particulate and HC emissions and operating temperature was shown and the precise in-cylinder location of HC emissions, caused by fuel impingement, was inferred from the HC emissions data.
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6

Dimou, Iason. "Particulate matter emissions from a DISI engine under cold-fast-idle conditions for ethanol-gasoline blends." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67777.

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Анотація:
Thesis (Nav. E. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83).
In an effort to build internal combustion engines with both reduced brake-specific fuel consumption and better emission control, engineers developed the Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) engine. DISI engines combine the specific higher output of the spark ignition engine, with the better efficiency of the compression ignition engine at part load. Despite their benefits, DISI engines still suffer from high hydrocarbon, NO2 and particulate matter (PM) emissions. Until recently, PM emissions have received relatively little attention, despite their severe effects on human health, related mostly to their size. Previous research indicates that almost 80% of the PM is emitted during the first few minutes of the engine's operation (cold-start-fast-idling period). A proposed solution for PM emission reduction is the use of fuel blends with ethanol. The present research experimentally measures the effect of ethanol content in fuel on PM formation in the combustion chamber of a DISI engine during the cold-start period. A novel sampling system has been designed and combined with a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) system, in order to measure the particulate matter number (PN) concentration 15 cm downstream from the exhaust valves of a DISI engine, for a temperature range between 0 and 40"C, under low load operation. Seven gasohol fuels have been tested with the ethanol content varying from 0% (EO) up to 85% (E85). For E10 to E85, PN modestly increases when the engine coolant temperature (ECT) is lowered. The PN distributions, however, are insensitive to the ethanol content of the fuel. The total PN for EQ is substantially higher than for the gasohol fuels, at ECT below 20'C. However, for ECT higher than 20'C, the total PN values (obtained from integrating the PN distribution from 15 to 350 nm) are approximately the same for all fuels. This sharp change in PN from EQ to E10 is confirmed by running the tests with E2.5 and E5; the midpoint of the transition occurs at approximately E5. Because the fuels' evaporating properties do not change substantially from EQ to E10, the significant change in PN is attributed to the particulate matter formation chemistry.
by Iason Dimou.
Nav.E.and S.M.
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7

Ormond, Adam. "The influence of valve timing and other features on the combustion and emissions characteristics of a DISI engine." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442289.

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8

Rimmer, John E. T. "An optical investigation into the effect of fuel spray, turbulent flow and flame propagation on DISI engine performance." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8363.

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Анотація:
There is currently considerable interest in new engine technologies to assist in the improvement of fuel economy and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from automotive vehicles. Within the current automotive market, legislative and economic forces are requiring automotive manufacturers to produce high performance engines with a reduced environmental impact and lower fuel consumption. To meet these targets, further understanding of the processes involved in in-cylinder combustion is required. This thesis discusses the effect of fuel spray structure, flame propagation and turbulent flow on DISI engine combustion. To investigate these flow processes within the fired single cylinder Jaguar optical engine a number of optical measurement techniques have been used, including high speed laser sheet flow visualisation (HSLSFV) and high speed digital particle image velocimetry (HSDPIV). Results obtained from dual location flame imaging has provided further understanding of the relationship between flame growth, engine performance and cycle-to-cycle variation. Detailed correlation analysis between flame growth speed and engine performance parameters demonstrated that it is the flow conditions local to the spark plug at the time of spark ignition that have greatest influence on combustion. It was also demonstrated that further gains in engine performance and stability can be achieved by optimising the fuel injection timing. The temporal and spatial development of flow field structures within the pent-roof combustion chamber at the time of spark ignition were quantified using HSDPIV. Decomposition analysis of the raw velocity data enabled the relationship between specific scales of turbulent flow structure and engine performance parameters to be investigated. Correlations between the high frequency turbulence component and pressure derivatives are shown, demonstrating that it is the frequencies of motion >600 Hz that have the greatest influence on early flame development and therefore rate of charge consumption, engine performance and combustion stability. A series of double fuel injection strategies were devised to investigate the potential for using the fuel injection event to influence flow field structures within the cylinder. Results demonstrated that while the fuel injection event had limited impact on bulk flow structures, there was an increase in turbulence post fuel injection, depending on the timing of the second injection pulse. However, this advantage was not sustained throughout the compression stroke to have significant impact on combustion. The final stage of research investigated fuel spray structure, flame propagation and charge motion at fuel impingement locations, comparing a single and triple injection strategy. A triple injection strategy is proposed that results in an improvement in the levels of fuel impingement on combustion chamber walls and a reduction in the high luminosity regions within the flame. Consequently, adopting the multiple injection strategy highlighted the potential for reducing unburned HC emissions and soot formation within homogeneous charge DISI engines.
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9

Hindi, Gustavo de Queiroz. "3D numerical investigation of mixture formation and combustion in a DISI engine at part-load under stratified operation." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2011. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2022.

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This work investigates through numerical simulation, the operation of a big bore direct fuel injection spark ignition engine, at part load under stratified operation. It evaluates fuel-air mixture preparation and combustion process with the adoption of detailed chemical kinetics mechanisms for both Isooctane and Ethanol, and applying adaptive mesh refinement to capture the turbulent flame brush. The investigation is split in 3 main parts. In the first part, with Isooctane as fuel, the impact of in-cylinder turbulence level induced by squish has shown that the attempt to isolate the squish ratio, maintaining the bowl shape, for the evaluated cases have led to a scenario not more appropriate for flame initiation and propagation for 2 of the 3 geometries. But the observations made during this initial stage have led to the proposal of a fourth geometry to improve the mixture formation and combustion process. As it was seen the combustion process was about 11.5 deg faster with the new piston bowl proposed. In the second part, still with Isooctane and maintaining the new proposed piston, evaluates the influence of two types of hollow cone fuel injectors, an inwardly and an outwardly opening types, where maintain fixed spark timing, the end of injection is varied and compared among the two cases, while targeting for the same gross IMEP output. The main results are that the outwardly opening injector case resulted in better fuel-air mixture preparation, even with a late end of injection. This led to higher combustion efficiency and lower unburned hydrocarbon, CO and soot emissions, while increasing NOx emissions. The 10-90% MFB burn duration is higher for the outwardly opening injector case. In the last part the outwardly opening spray injector from the previous part, but using Ethanol as fuel has shown that to attain the same IMEP level the injected fuel mass is increased with Ethanol, and with its higher latent heat of vaporization, the time required to have an ignitable fuel-air mixture more than doubled that for the Isooctane case. Another important effect of these is the excessive increase of THC emissions. The overall combustion duration was faster for the Ethanol, mainly as the last part of the combustion was almost twice as fast as for the Isooctane case. It may be a consequence of a more homogeneous fuel-air mixture cloud as the fuel has more time to diffuse as the EOI is more advanced. The in-cylinder charge cooling effect of Ethanol led to a reduction in the in-cylinder temperature, leading to a reduction in NOx formation. CO emissions was also lowered, which is maybe attributed to either the reduced chemical dissociation with the lower temperatures, or reduced fuel rich regions. The reduced fuel rich regions also explain the reason for lower soot emissions.
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10

Avadhany, Sareena. "Analysis of various fuels in DISI and PFI engines : separating mixing effects from crevice and quench layer effects." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86269.

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Анотація:
Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, June 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-44).
The United States consumes billions of gallons of gasoline per year, threatening national security and causing environmental problems. Research in automotive research aims to resolve such problems. Solutions include turbocharged direct injection, spark ignition (DISI) engines for higher output and efficiency. But this comes at the cost of greater concentrations of unburned hydrocarbons (UBHC) in the exhaust during cold start, when the catalytic converter is further away from the engine. The time the catalytic converter takes to heat to an optimum efficiency is longer. UBHC can also accumulate in the cylinder chambers and can be caused by quenching effects or poor mixing. A system was set up to determine the significance of mixing in producing high concentrations of UBHC. A GM 2009 LNF Ecotec was modified to run PFI and DISI under operating conditions representative of cold start for isopentane, and gasoline with varying concentrations of ethanol. Results were inconclusive, indicating no relationship between neither the UBHC count in the exhaust of increasing ethanol concentration, nor differences between PFI and DISI. To make test results more reliable, more ethanol containing fuel types should be tested, and a sweep of spark times should be assessed. The set up does provide a good foundation for further studies in mixing research.
by Sareena Avadhany.
S.B.
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Книги з теми "DICI ENGINE"

1

Dice Activities For Math Engage Enrich Empower. Didax Educational Resources, 2008.

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2

SINGH, Dr ANIMESH, Dr BHAWNA CHOUDHARY, and Dr MANISHA GUPTA. TRANSFORMING BUSINESS THROUGH DIGITALIZATION. KAAV PUBLICATIONS, DELHI, INDIA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/9789391842390.2021.eb.

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The theme of this book “Transforming Business through Digitization‖ was chosen due to its relevance in the contemporary globalized world. The world is witnessing the pace of change of digitalization like never before the similar trend will be seen in future too. With integration of value chains and supply chains becoming a global imperative, the contribution of IT enabled services and digitalization has had great impact on Tran‘s nationalisation of businesses. The responsiveness in the value chains and in the larger supply chains will be the key to increasing the market share in future. The application of Artificial Intelligence has helped the stakeholders in value chains and supply chains in making informed & quick decisions. This has been made possible due to integrated and well organized businesses linkages leading to better storage, access and management of data. The increase digitalization and ability to track and capture data at different nodes in the value chain and supply chain will help the marketers understand the impact of various variables on the sales performance of various brands. The marketers have to work of ways to convince the stakeholders about the privacy of the data. In future there is a possibility of mixing compete data privacy with fluid artificial intelligence across the supply chain making business processes easier using the technology of block chains. The most important contribution of the digitalization in the supply chain may be seen in the area of sustainability and green initiatives. The may be made possible by the way of assessing the levels of reduction in exploitative and polluting systems and processes and making progressive modifications in those systems and processes. The book- ―transforming business through digitization‖ is an attempt to record Innovative and novel manuscripts, research-based articles, case studies, conceptual outcome-oriented business models, and practices from the innovative minds of researchers and academicians. The book encompasses twenty-four chapters with research-based perspectives in the area of e-commerce, digital governance, digital transaction platforms, business analytics, and digitalization in agriculture, digital marketing, block chain, nuero marketing, search engine marketing, UPIs, Search Engine Marketing, Digi-preneurship, and digital finance. The book can be read as a compendium of readings of digitization of business and industry.
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Calonne, David Stephen. R. Crumb. University Press of Mississippi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496831859.001.0001.

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Robert Crumb: Literature, Autobiography, and the Quest for Self is the first monograph to explore the intersection between Crumb’s love of literature, his search for the meaning of life and the ways he connects his own autobiography with the themes of the writers he has admired. Crumb’s comics from the beginning reflected the fact that he was a voracious reader from childhood and perused a variety of authors including Charles Dickens, J.D. Salinger, and, during his adolescence, Beat writers like Jack Kerouac. He was profoundly influenced by music, especially the blues, and the ecstatic power of music appears in his artwork throughout his career. The first chapter explores the ways Robert Crumb illustrates works by William S. Burroughs, Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Gary Snyder, and Charles Bukowski. The book continues with individual chapters devoted to Crumb’s illustrations of biographies of blues musicians Jelly Roll Morton and Charley Patton; Philip K. Dick; Jean-Paul Sartre; Franz Kafka; and concludes with an exploration of Crumb’s illustrations to the book of Genesis. In all his drawings accompanying literary texts, Crumb returns to a number of key themes regarding his personal spiritual quest such as suffering and existential solitude; the search for romantic and sexual love; the impact of entheogens such as LSD on his quest for answers to his cosmic questions. We discover that Crumb gradually embraces a mysticism rooted in his studies of Gnosticism. In the final chapter on the book of Genesis, readers may observe the ways Crumb continues his critique of monotheistic religion in a variety of subtle ways. Robert Crumb: Literature, Autobiography, and the Quest for Self concludes with an Epilogue which discusses Crumb’s present-day life in France and the ways he has continued to engage with spiritual and philosophical themes in his later work.
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Частини книг з теми "DICI ENGINE"

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Sadhik Basha, J., Abdul Rahman Al Musalami, Basmah Al Noufali, Sara Al Balushi, Baraah Al Basti, Zahra Al Ajmi, Ranim Al Balushi, and Marwa Al Maqbali. "An Experimental Analysis in a DICI Engine Powered with MWCNT Blended Emulsions." In Recent Advances in Energy Technologies, 463–79. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3467-4_30.

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Pangavkar, Shubham, Siraj Sayyed, and Kishor Kulkarni. "Performance Analysis of DICI-VCR Engine Fueled with Cottonseed Biodiesel and Diesel Blends." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 631–39. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9057-0_69.

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Parida, Manoj Kumar, Mamuni Arya, and Akshya Kumar Rout. "Experimental Analysis on Combustion Characteristics of a DICI Engine Utilizing Argemone Biodiesel with Diesel Blend." In Recent Advances in Thermofluids and Manufacturing Engineering, 303–12. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4388-1_27.

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Sathiyamoorthi, R., G. Sankaranarayanan, B. Nithin Siddharth, and M. V. Natarajan. "Effect of Alumina Nanoparticles on Performance and Emission Study of DICI Engine Fuelled by Cymbopogon Flexuosus." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 29–42. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1124-0_3.

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Kanchan, Sumit, Nihar Ranjan Swain, Rajesh Choudhary, and Patel CH. "Combustion and Performance Characteristics of Algae and Diesel Fuel Blends in a DICI Engine: An Experimental Approach." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 65–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3132-0_7.

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Sankaranarayanan, G., S. Karthikayan, R. Ganesan, and T. Thirumalai. "Performance and Emission on Raw Vegetable Oil with Hydrogen-Enriched Air for Better Combustion in a DICI Engine." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 145–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1124-0_13.

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Qayoom, Shahid, and Sumit Kanchan. "Performance and Combustion Characteristics of Thumba and Argemone as Dual Fuel Blends in a DICI Engine: An Experimental Approach." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 477–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6412-9_47.

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Sahoo, Krushnashree Sushree Sangita, Anand Gupta, and Amritam Mohapatra. "Optimization of Operating Parameters for Improve the Combustion in Single Cylinder Four Stroke DICI VCR Engine Using Grey Relation Analysis." In Intelligent Systems, 621–29. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0901-6_54.

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Hemdal, Stina, and Andrei N. Lipatnikov. "Investigation of Charge Mixing and Stratified Fuel Distribution in a DISI Engine Using Rayleigh Scattering and Numerical Simulations." In Advances in Engine and Powertrain Research and Technology, 187–206. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91869-9_8.

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Wachtmeister, G., Donatus Wichelhaus, Christian Pötsch, and R. Kudicke. "Constraints of the combustion process for a supercharged DISI-engine for applications in motorsports." In Proceedings, 1269–89. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05130-3_91.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "DICI ENGINE"

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Wang, Mianzhi, Zhengxin Xu, Saifei Zhang, and Chia-fon F. Lee. "Different Diesel Engine Ignition Regimes With a Single Injection." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1156.

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A simple single injection scheme is used to understand the fundamental processes of diesel engine ignition. Two different combustion regimes, partially premixed combustion (PPC), and conventional direct injection compression ignition (DICI), are computationally achieved with the single injection scheme in a 3-D CFD program. An ignition phase curve covering the two combustion regimes is proposed and verified by numerical simulation. The ignition phase curve is used to reveal the underlying physics of each regime. It is found that the interaction among piston motion, chemical kinetics, fuel-air mixing, and injection event differs the two combustion regimes. The conventional DICI mode ignition is dominated by injection timing and affected by the mixture pressure and temperature during the flame induction period. In the PPC mode, the over-mixing effect of the fuel affects largely the ignition process. The variations of the moment of cool flame onset and high temperature ignition are discussed in detail. The differences between the proposed and calculated ignition phase curve are due to the specific piston and injector design of the test engine for which calculations are done. Finally, the effects of intake temperature on the ignition phase curve are explained based on numerical results.
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Pucilowski, Mateusz, Rui Li, Shijie Xu, Changle Li, Fei Qin, Martin Tuner, Xue-Song Bai, and Alexander A. Konnov. "Comparison of Kinetic Mechanisms for Numerical Simulation of Methanol Combustion in DICI Heavy-Duty Engine." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0208.

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Wang, Mianzhi, Suya Gao, and Chia-fon F. Lee. "Computational Investigation of Combustion Phasing and Emissions for GDCI Engine Operations." In ASME 2017 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2017-3692.

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The gasoline direct-injection compression-ignition (GDCI) combustion strategy is studied in this work based on the numerically constructed ignition phase curves. Previous research has shown that for GDCI operation, the engine efficiency can reach as high as that of diesel engines yet the NOx and soot emissions can be reduced simultaneously. A comparison between GDCI and diesel operation is made by investigating two combustion regimes, partially premixed combustion (PPC) and conventional direct-injection compression-ignition (DICI). The injection timing, which determines the controllability of GDCI operation, spans over a wide range to study its effect on the combustion phasing. Fundamental processes, such as fuel evaporation, transport, and ignition are used to explain the differences between these two operating regimes. Finally, the effects of heating intake air, boosting intake air pressure, applying warm EGR are also studied. The emissions are correlated to the instantaneous parameters of the mixture at the moment of ignition, providing insights about the fundamental mechanisms of the emission reduction by adopting GDCI combustion.
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Pucilowski, Mateusz, Mehdi Jangi, Sam Shamun, Changle Li, Martin Tuner, and Xue-Song Bai. "Effect of Start of Injection on the Combustion Characteristics in a Heavy-Duty DICI Engine Running on Methanol." In WCX™ 17: SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0560.

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Huang, Jian, Zhi Wang, Martin Wissink, and Rolf D. Reitz. "Effects of Temporal and Spatial Distributions of Ignition and Combustion on Thermal Efficiency and Combustion Noise in DICI Engine." In SAE 2014 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-1248.

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Pucilowski, Mateusz, Mehdi Jangi, Sam Shamun, Martin Tuner, and Xue-Song Bai. "The Effect of Injection Pressure on the NOx Emission Rates in a Heavy-Duty DICI Engine Running on Methanol." In International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-2194.

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Aziz, Amir, Changle Li, Sebastian Verhelst, and Martin Tuner. "The Relevance of Different Fuel Indices to Describe Autoignition Behaviour of Gasoline in Light Duty DICI Engine under PPC Mode." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1147.

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Mackney, Derek W., Raymond M. Calder, Malcolm G. J. Macduff, Wölfle Martin, Dieter Walter, Dagmar Katers, and Ronald Vietzen. "Reducing Deposits in a DISI Engine." In SAE Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2660.

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Davies, Trevor, Roger Cracknell, Guy Lovett, Luke Cruff, and John Fowler. "Fuel Effects in a Boosted DISI Engine." In SAE International Powertrains, Fuels and Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-1985.

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LOTH, ERIC, JOHN LOTH, and FRANK LOTH. "High efficiency detonation internal combustion engine (DICE)." In 28th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-3171.

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Звіти організацій з теми "DICI ENGINE"

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Sjoberg, Carl Magnus Goran, and David Vuilleumier. Alternative Fuels DISI Engine Research ? Autoignition Metrics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1420752.

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Sjoberg, Carl-Magnus G. Annual Report FY2014 Alternative Fuels DISI Engine Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1177372.

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Sjöberg, Carl-Magnus G. FY2015 Annual Report for Alternative Fuels DISI Engine Research. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1235214.

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Sjoberg, Carl Magnus Goran, and David Vuilleumier. DOA Annual Report on Alternative Fuels DISI Engine Research ? Autoignition Metrics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505405.

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Sjoberg, Carl. FY20 Annual Report to DOE for Sandia's Alternative Fuels DISI Engine Lab. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1780569.

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Yoshimura, Hiroshi, Akio Yoshimatsu, Kazuyoshi Abe, and Sigemitsu Iisaka. Effects of Mixture Homogeneity to DISI Engines on Knock Characteristics. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0635.

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Kakuho, Akihiko, Morihiro Nagamine, Teruyuki Itoh, and Tomonori Urushihara. Mixture Formation of DISI Engine With a Central Located Injection by Using LIF. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0584.

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Detulio, Kenneth, and David Skipper. Digital Integrated Collection Environment (DICE)/Cognitive Reasoning Engine (CORE) Intelligent Threat Architecture Study. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada473159.

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Sjoberg, Carl Magnus Goran, Wei Zeng, and David Vuilleumier. DOE Annual Report for Alternative Fuels DISI Engine Research ? Stratified Lean and Homogeneous Lean. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505404.

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Tire Experimental Characterization Using Contactless Measurement Methods. SAE International, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-1114.

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In the frame of automotive Noise Vibration and Harshness (NVH) evaluation, inner cabin noise is among the most important indicators. The main noise contributors can be identified in engine, suspensions, tires, powertrain, brake system, etc. With the advent of E-vehicles and the consequent absence of the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), tire/road noise has gained more importance, particularly at mid-speed driving and in the spectrum up to 300 Hz. At the state of the art, the identification and characterization of Noise and Vibration sources rely on pointwise sensors (microphones, accelerometers, strain gauges). Optical methods such as Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) have recently received special attention in the NVH field because they can be used to obtain full-field measurements. Moreover, these same techniques could also allow to characterize the tire behavior in operating conditions, which would be practically impossible to derive with standard techniques. In this paper we will demonstrate how non-contact full-field measurement techniques can be used to reliably and robustly characterize the tire behavior up to 300 Hz, focusing on static conditions. Experimental modal analysis will extract the modal characteristic of the tire in both free-free and statically preloaded boundary conditions, using both DIC and LDV. The extracted natural frequencies, damping ratios and full-field mode shapes will be used on one side to improve the accuracy of tire models (either by deriving FRF based models or updating FE ones) but also as a reference for future investigation on the tire behavior characterization in rotating conditions.
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