Дисертації з теми "Diagnostique de pathologies"
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Cohen-Scali, Michelle. "Les vomissements du nourrisson : orientation diagnostique et traitement de quatre pathologies les plus fréquentes." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P077.
Повний текст джерелаMaïdodou, Laetitia. "Identification de biomarqueurs de pathologies par GC-MS et développement de protocoles de capture d'odeurs pour la détection olfactive canine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF071.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from the human body is of great interest for disease diagnosis using canine olfaction. However, the lack of standardized VOCs sampling protocols is a limiting factor for clinical applications. This manuscript includes a review of the most relevant methodologies in this context. An experimental study is carried out using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The analytical limits of five devices (medical gauze, Getxent® tube (Biodesiv), Sorbstar® tube (Action Europe), Twister (Gerstel), and Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) patch) are compared. In addition, innovative nanostructured devices for the selective trapping of volatile thiols are developed. Finally, sweat samples from 160 individuals, either COVID-19 positive (symptomatic or asymptomatic) or negative, are analyzed by GC-MS. Three biomarkers are identified through statistical analysis. The method developed herein is automated, reproducible, and applicable to the study of various pathologies
Abou, Kais Rabih. "Nouvelles stratégies diagnostiques et thérapeutiques des pathologies vasculaires intracrâniennes." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S034.
Повний текст джерелаThe management of intracranial vascular diseases remains complex and requires a specialized multidisciplinary team. The new diagnostic approaches in biology, imaging and neuro-sonology as well as the improvement of interventional microsurgical and neuroradiological therapeutic techniques and the organization of an adapted monitoring make it possible to optimize the outcome of the patients.The first study demonstrated the benefit of superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis in adult patients with Moya-Moya syndrome. The results showed an improvement in cerebral perfusion and highlighted the benefit of pre and post-operative evaluation using transcranial Doppler, scintigraphy and MRI. Moreover, a better selection of the graft for performing the anastomosis could certainly improve the long-term results.We then studied the high flow carotido-sylvian bypass in the treatment of giant or complex intracranial aneurysms in collaboration between the Antwerp and Lille university hospitals. Our study reported the potential surgical exclusion of this type of aneurysm, which is often inaccessible to endovascular treatment, and the protective role of superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis against cerebral ischemia. The choice of the graft appears to be an important parameter to adapt the flow and restore optimal physiological conditions.Finally, we determined the role of bacterial infection in the pathophysiology of development and rupture of intracranial aneurysms. In contrast to the Finnish study, we did not detect bacterial presence in the wall of intracranial aneurysms in a cohort of patients operated in our institution. These findings may explain the higher incidence of aneurysmal rupture in the Finnish population.Our works demonstrates that the development of multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic strategies improves the management of patients with intracranial vascular malformation. The goal is to better understand the physiopathology and to better choose the neurovascular therapeutic indication to offer the patient an optimal therapeutic efficacy with a minimum level of procedural risk
Coindard, Guillaume. "Le vécu du diagnostic et de la phase thérapeutique initiale par les personnes atteintes de pathologies cancéreuses : quels rôles pour la médecine générale au prisme des inégalités sociales de santé ?" Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100050.
Повний текст джерелаThe general practitioner is the main actor in the organisation of primary care, as defined by the laws in force, both nationally and internationally. However, its role in the care of cancer patients remains both fluctuating, depending mainly on the social position of the patients, and difficult to identify, both in terms of time and context. A series of studies have been carried out to try to better understand the role of the general practitioner in the initial management of cancer, i.e. from the diagnostic period to the therapeutic phase itself. An initial qualitative study of 83 people with cancer (PWC) identified the main ways in which the health care system was used and what roles the general practitioner could play in these situations. A second qualitative component with health professionals, including general practitioners, clarified these roles, while a quantitative component was conducted to describe from cancer patient records the modalities of using a general practitioner. The trajectories of PWC were all the more marked by endurance logics as they were socially disadvantaged or from working class backgrounds. We also observed how the difficulties related to the patient's work were burdened by intersectionality logics. From a complete absence in the trajectories of some PWCs to a major role for others, the discovery of cancer and follow-up during the initial therapeutic phase, defining the role that the general practitioner can play requires an analysis of the entire spectrum of possible interventions, of which heterogeneity remains the rule. Nevertheless, during the two main phases, the peri-diagnostic phase and the initial therapeutic phase, the general practitioner is defined by the practice of interface medicine. This interface is temporal, making it possible to support the PWC in the biographical rupture particularly heavy with consequences in cancer pathology. But it is also spatial, being able to support the PWC in referring to the oncology care team, then when anti-cancer treatments are used, to the professionals in charge of this specificity. Like any interface, it is only visible to PWCs when it is crossed and remains in the shadows before and after, at home and in hospital. The issue then becomes that of communication, or how the general practitioner is able, through his knowledge, skills, posture and words, to forge sufficiently strong links to help the patient in his quest for recovery and in his work of physical, psychological and social reconstruction
Blanchi, Véronique. "Interet diagnostique de l'enolase neuron-specifique (nse) en pathologie pleuropulmonaire." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE6510.
Повний текст джерелаRivalland, François. "La pathologie coronaire du coeur transplanté : moyens diagnostiques et approche étiologique." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11146.
Повний текст джерелаBEAUFRERE, LAURENT. "Pathologie moleculaire de la choroideremie : implications dans la definition d'une strategie diagnostique genotypique." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON1T009.
Повний текст джерелаCORAZZA, ROUSSET SYLVIE. "Demarche diagnostique et therapeutique du praticien generaliste face a la plainte vertige : evaluation de l'aspect iatrogene." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M323.
Повний текст джерелаSAGAN, CHRISTINE. "Dysplasies sur endobrachyoesophage : concordance diagnostique entre pathologistes ; correlation avec les organisateurs nucleolaires." Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT101M.
Повний текст джерелаMAZET, CATHERINE. "Incidents secondaires aux explorations invasives cardiovasculaires a visee diagnostique : etude prospective sur 622 patients." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M123.
Повний текст джерелаCreteur, Jacques. "Contribution à l'étude des altérations de perfusion tissulaire: des méthodes diagnostiques à l'évaluation d'interventions thérapeutiques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211485.
Повний текст джерелаGERETTI, VALERIE. "Etude clinique d'une atteinte multiviscerale posant le probleme diagnostique entre rickettsiose et legionellose : a propos d'une observation." Reims, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIMM081.
Повний текст джерелаCostagliola, Sabine. "Etude de la TSH et de son récepteur à l'aide d'anticorps monoclonaux: applications et extensions aux problèmes diagnostiques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211833.
Повний текст джерелаMontero, Julian Félix Alejandro. "L' interleukine-6 et son récepteur en pathologie humaine : applications diagnostiques et intervention thérapeutique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22027.
Повний текст джерелаHUGUIER, MAXIME. "Incidentalomes surrenaliens : une pathologie reconnue depuis 10 ans : evaluation de notre attitude diagnostique en therapeutique actuelle." Reims, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REIMM001.
Повний текст джерелаBouyé, Philippe. "Validation d'outils d'exploration de la microcirculation cutanée en physiologie humaine et application diagnostique en pathologie vasculaire." Angers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ANGE0055.
Повний текст джерелаRésumé anglais
COURTIN, JEAN-PAUL. "Dna plasmatique, marqueur de mort cellulaire : valeur diagnostique et pronostique dans les cancers broncho-pulmonaires et les maladies respiratoires non cancereuses." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31507.
Повний текст джерелаPinlou, Elizabeth. "Tumeurs cardiaques du nouveau-né : difficultés diagnostiques echocardiographiques et anatomo-pathologiques à propos d'un cas de tumeur leiomyomateuse." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M112.
Повний текст джерелаCrispo, Manuela. "Utilisation d'une approche multidisciplinaire pour déterminer l'étiologie de syndromes cliniques chez une espèce aviaire menacée : l'exemple de l'Outarde Houbara." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP058.
Повний текст джерелаIn the present work, we assessed the use of a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach to successfully investigate poorly characterized pathological entities using an endangered avian species as a model: the Houbara Bustard. This species is the object of several captive breeding operations located in North Africa, the United Arab Emirates and Central Asia. We focused our attention on three conditions that could potentially jeopardize conservation efforts: high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI), genital infections in artificially-inseminated breeders and a respiratory syndrome affecting outdoor birds destined to be released. For the first condition, we successfully validated an RNA scope in situ hybridization (ISH) assay for the detection of the avian influenza A virus matrix gene in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. We then provided the first comprehensive description of HPAI H5N8 natural infection in the Houbara, resulting in hyperacute and acute forms exhibiting marked tissue pantropism, endotheliotropism and neurotropism. For the second condition we characterized a series of cases of peritonitis and salpingo-peritonitis. Chronic forms predominated and an ascending infection was highly suspected. Most of the cases were associated with the isolation of Escherichia coli. The identification of a variety of virulence profiles by molecular analysis of selected bacterial isolates suggested the involvement of multiple strains. Furthermore, histopathology allowed the identification of changes consistent with cystic oviductal hyperplasia, expanding the list of potential risk factors involved in the development of genital infections in the Houbara Bustard.For the third condition, we were able to shed some light on a multifactorial respiratory syndrome, focusing on long-lasting, chronic forms. A variety of viral and bacterial pathogens were detected, including potentially a novel Mycoplasma species. Environmental conditions, such as heat stress and exposure to dust storms, were considered significant contributing factors. We showed that combining classical and novel diagnostic tools we were able to significantly improve the etiological diagnosis of emerging and re-merging conditions in the Houbara. This approach should be promoted to study sanitary issues in other endangered species, characterized by a limited availability of samples
Tilmanne, Anne. "Entéropathogènes majeurs des diarrhées aiguës de l’enfant :outils diagnostiques et rôle particulier de Campylobacter spp. et de rotavirus." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/286890.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences médicales (Médecine)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
GOURDON, FLORENCE. "Pathologies pleurales liees a l'inhalation de poussieres d'amiante : etude retrospective sur 40 cas de mesotheliomes pleuraux, diagnostiques au chru de clermont-ferrand, de decembre 1981 a septembre 1992." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF13840.
Повний текст джерелаDamiens, Sébastien. "Les médiateurs de l'immunité anti-candida : outils d'analyse physiopathologique et intérêt diagnostique." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01060934.
Повний текст джерелаWillmann, Claire. "Diagnostiquer un état de santé bucco-dentaire par une double approche macroscopique et métagénomique : application à une population rurale française du XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30001.
Повний текст джерелаRecent developments in High-Throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) technologies and ancient DNA (aDNA) research have opened access to the characterization of the microbial communities within past populations. Most studies have, however, relied on the analysis of dental calculus as one particular material type particularly prone to the molecular preservation of ancient microbial biofilms and potential of entire teeth for microbial characterization, both of healthy communities and pathogens in ancient individuals, remains overlooked. In this study, we used shotgun sequencing to characterize the bacterial composition from historical subjects showing macroscopic evidence of oral pathologies. The objectives of this work were 1) to identify, in an 18th century population of western France, subjects with specific oral pathologies: dental caries; periodontal diseases and periapical inflammatory lesions; 2) to characterize the oral flora of these subjects in terms of its taxonomic composition; and 3) to determine whether it was possible to detect the presence of oral pathogenic bacteria involved in periapical inflammatory lesions, caries and parodontopathies, from a healthy tooth,. The presence of Streptococcus mutans and also Rothia dentocariosa, Actinomyces viscosus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Olsenella uli and Parvimonas micra was confirmed through the presence of typical signatures of post-mortem DNA damage at an average depth-of-coverage ranging from 0.5 to 7X, with a minimum of 35% (from 35 to 93%) of the positions in the genome covered at least once. Each sampled tooth showed a specific bacterial signature associated with carious or periodontal pathologies. This work demonstrates that from a healthy independent tooth, without visible macroscopic pathology, we can identify a signature of specific pathogens and deduce the oral health status of an individual
Gronnier, Caroline. "Place du modèle de reflux duodéno-oesophagien induit chirurgicalement chez le rat dans la compréhension de la carcinogenèse oesophagienne. Vers l'identification d'outils diagnostiques précoces et thérapeutiques." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017095.
Повний текст джерелаMallet, Jasmina. "Marqueurs neurodéveloppementaux, cognition et facteurs environnementaux précoces et tardifs dans le phénotype psychotique des pathologies mentales Heavy cannabis use prior psychosis in schizophrenia : clinical, cognitive and neurological evidences for a new endophenotype? Etude et apport de la latéralité comme marqueur neurodéveloppemental dans les troubles schizophréniques et bipolaires Cigarette smoking and schizophrenia : a specific clinical and therapeutic profile? Results from the Face-Schizophrenia cohort Tobacco smoking is associated with antipsychotic medication, physical aggressiveness and alcohol use disorder in schizophrenia : results from the Face-SZ national cohort Tabagisme et schizophrénie, impact sur la cognition Tobacco smoking and psychotic-like experiences in a general population sample Poster congrès français de psychiatrie 2018 : Expériences psychotiques chez 50 patients adolescents hospitalisés pour la 1ère fois : approche trans-diagnostique et prospective avec la PQ16." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=2403&f=17360.
Повний текст джерелаMental diseases represent a very heterogeneous categorical group, even within a given nosographic entity. Multifactorial approaches allow accounting for the clinical heterogeneity of mental disorders, the continuum between certain clinical dimensions, and even between the normal and the pathological. Among such dimensions, the psychotic phenotype constitutes an essential dimension of schizophrenic disorder. The dimensional approach allows for the search of psychotic experiences in most mental disorders as well as in the general population. We make the general hypothesis that certain psychiatric disorders with psychotic symptoms could be the result of the interaction between early- (obstetric traumas for example) and late- environmental factors (toxics, traumatisms) and the neurodevelopment of the individual. The initial step in this thesis work was to better define the concepts of vulnerability in psychiatry, and, based on the example of schizophrenia, to conduct a review of the literature on risk factors according to their early or late interaction with neurodevelopment. Subsequently, the first axis of research of the present thesis was to evaluate early neurodevelopmental markers (neurological soft signs, laterality, cognition). Our first work concerned the clinical, neurological and cognitive characterization of 64 patients suffering from schizophrenia, according to their cannabis use (or not) prior to psychosis. It provided evidence for a lower burden of neurodevelopment in cannabis users, and the potential impact of this substance on vulnerable individuals. Our second work concerns the clinical and cognitive impact of lateralization in patients with schizophrenia (n = 667) and bipolar disorder (n = 2445). We bring arguments for a neurodevelopmental weight (measured with this lateralization index) that is more important in schizophrenia. Our second axis of research focused on tobacco smoking as a late environmental factor in schizophrenia and psychotic phenotype. We showed in two studies on the FACE-SZ cohort (n = 361, n = 474) that SZ patients consumed almost twice as much as the general population and that they could represent a SZ subgroup with specific socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. In a third study, we compare the cognitive functions of these patients (n = 785) and show that the self-medication hypothesis alone cannot account for the high prevalence of their smoking. In a fourth work, we studied the impact of smoking on the psychotic phenotype with a dimensional approach, and showed an association between smoking and certain psychotic-type experiences in a representative sample of the US general population (NESARC, n = 34653). Finally, in a last line of research, we evaluated the psychotic phenotype in a population of adolescents and young adults hospitalized for a first psychiatric episode (n = 50). In a preliminary study, we show a high prevalence of psychotic-like experiences in these young adults, regardless of the diagnosis made six months afterwards, highlighting the trans-nosographic character of the psychotic phenotype during the emergence of different mental disorders. Overall, the present thesis underscores the clinical heterogeneity of mental illnesses and the importance of dimensional and trajectory approaches in identifying risk (or protective) factors, towards a better etiopathogenic understanding, better prevention opportunities, and a personalized patient care
Viau, Martin. "Caractérisation des ataxies hérédodégénératives par spectroscopie de résonance magnétique nucléaire in vivo." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14187.
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