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Статті в журналах з теми "Device of testing"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

Baubek, A. A., M. G. Zhumagulov, and N. R. Kartjanov. "Testing of the vortex burner device." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Technical Science and Technology Series 129, no. 4 (2019): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7263-2019-129-4-23-27.

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2

Tada, Tetsuo, and Keiichi Sawada. "4720671 Semiconductor device testing device." Microelectronics Reliability 28, no. 4 (January 1988): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2714(88)90273-9.

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3

Burresi, Matteo. "Device-level photonic testing." Nature Photonics 9, no. 1 (December 23, 2014): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.313.

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4

Uretsky, Yan S. "Random vibrations testing device." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 79, no. 5 (May 1986): 1643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.393748.

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5

Fan, Jin Wei, Yi Jia Liu, Ling Chen, Shi Ji, and Shuai Yuan. "A Kind of Multi-Functional Wall Surface Nondestructive Testing Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 958–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.958.

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In this paper, non-destructive testing on the inner wall surface of the deep, invented a detection device, the device by numerical control systems, mechanical control devices and imaging device components. PC lower machine controlled by CNC system mechanical devices IPC and PLC can control the composition includes a manual lift the car up and down movement, control multistage axial movement of the cylinder and the axial rotation of the servo motor control to meet the imaging device the location requirements. Imaging device consists of a high-speed industrial cameras and miniature camera components. The device has a low cost, high accuracy, simple manufacturing process and so on.

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6

Majcher, Andrzej, Bohdan Węglowski, and Paweł Ocłoń. "Multi-Function Device for Creep Testing at Elevated Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 462–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.462.

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Searching for quick methods to assess the material usefulness for constructing machine components working at elevated temperatures and variable stresses is accompanied with development of devices facilitating such testing. The paper presents construction of a device, that enables carrying out the standard creep tests (PN-EN ISO 204) and the dedicated tests with the programmed low-cycle loads and the different profiles for temperature and stress changes. The basic parameters of the device are described and the examples of the programmed strength testings are given.

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7

Boonen, Maurice. "Hearing device set for testing a hearing device." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 120, no. 2 (2006): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2336669.

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8

Lenehan, Kurt A., and Dara M. Twomey. "Abrasion testing on synthetic turf: A modified device." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 230, no. 4 (August 3, 2016): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337115612657.

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Despite the improved quality of synthetic turf surfaces, players are still expressing their discontent with the perceived greater risk of sustaining abrasion injuries on them relative to natural turf. The validity of the current device, the Securisport®, used to measure the abrasiveness of synthetic turf playing surfaces has been challenged based on its unrealistic interaction with the surface throughout testing. It rotates on the surface at a speed of 40 ± 1 r/min. The aim of this study was to compare the abrasion measurements from the current Securisport device with those from a modified device. The modified device moved across the surface in a linear direction at a speed of 5 m/s, replicating a soccer slide tackle. Data were captured for three trials for each device on three different surfaces: sand-only infill, low-rubber infill and high-rubber infill. Overall, it was found that there was a significant mean abrasion difference of 51.7% between the two devices (p = 0.02) and also significant differences resided between the two devices at specific infill levels. The results of this study found that the specific modifications to the current Securisport device, substantially changed abrasion measurements on synthetic turf, therefore illustrating the need for further work to improve the validity of the Securisport.

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9

Xiao, Yao Zong, Wen Jun Zhang, Bin Wang, and Chun Cheng Tai. "Floatation Column Test Research into Ore Way." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 1718–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1718.

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Developed a test using column flotation device, this experiment device in the structure designing considerate multifunctional traits, realizing continuous and respectively working. In the testing platform, installing two diameter vertical and inclined floatation column, so the device can complete roughing, selection and sweep the election testing. On researching the inflatable way, designing and testing two kinds of inflatable devices, one is jet, the other is sand core type. And testing three kinds of into ore ways, conical nozzle atomizer, atomizer grid and bar nozzle device. Through a series of contrast testing, making useful testing data, the testing provide the basis for designing the floatation column.

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10

Götschi, Tobias, George Rosenberg, Xiang Li, Chen Zhang, Elias Bachmann, Jess G. Snedeker, and Sandro F. Fucentese. "Biomechanical Evaluation of a Novel Loop Retention Mechanism for Cortical Graft Fixation in ACL Reconstruction." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 232596712090432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120904322.

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Background: Implant fixation by means of a cortical fixation device (CFD) has become a routine procedure in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. There is no clear consensus whether adjustable-length CFDs are more susceptible to loop lengthening when compared with pretied fixed-length CFDs. Purpose: To assess biomechanical performance measures of 3 types of CFDs when subjected to various loading protocols. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Three types of CFDs underwent biomechanical testing: 1 fixed length and 2 adjustable length. One of the adjustable-length devices is based on the so-called finger trap mechanism, and the other is based on a modified sling lock mechanism. A device-only test of 5000 cycles (n = 8 per group) and a tendon-device test of 1000 cycles (n = 8 per group) with lower and upper force limits of 50 and 250 N, respectively, were applied, followed by ramp-to-failure testing. Adjustable-length devices then underwent further cyclic testing with complete loop unloading (n = 5 per group) at each cycle, as well as fatigue testing (n = 3 per group) over a total of 1 million cycles. Derived mechanical parameters were compared among the devices for statistical significance using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance followed by post hoc Mann-Whitney U testing with Bonferroni correction. Results: All CFDs showed elongation <2 mm after 5000 cycles when tested in an isolated manner and withstood ultimate tensile forces in excess of estimated peak in vivo forces. In both device-only and tendon-device tests, differences in cyclic performance were found among the devices, favoring adjustable-length fixation devices over the fixed-length device. Completely unloading the suspension loops, however, led to excessive loop lengthening of the finger trap device, whereas the modified sling lock device remained stable throughout the test. The fixed-length device displayed superior ultimate strength over both adjustable-length devices. Both adjustable-length devices showed adequate fatigue behavior during high-cyclic testing. Conclusion: All tested devices successfully prevented critical construct elongation when tested with constant tension and withstood ultimate loads in excess of estimated in vivo forces during the rehabilitation phase. The finger trap device gradually lengthened excessively when completely unloaded during cyclic testing. Clinical Relevance: Critical loop lengthening may occur if adjustable-length devices based on the finger trap mechanism are repeatedly unloaded in situ.

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11

Borkenhagen, David, Greg Hallihan, and Jan Davies. "Testing Portable Medical Device Instructions: Comparing Experts and Non-Experts." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 6, no. 1 (May 15, 2017): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857917061053.

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Point-of-care testing devices providing medically relevant information are increasingly used by members of the public without any formal medical knowledge. As a result, these devices may be used in extremely different contexts of use by users with different knowledge bases, whether that was the original designers’ intent or not. In this study, we first conducted out-of-the-box testing of a device for non-invasive blood hemoglobin measurement, for its potential for use by individuals with no healthcare-specific training. To do so, we photographed each step, condensing these into five higher-order categories, which we considered potential generic instructions for any point-of-care testing device. We then had individuals with no specific healthcare training test use of the device. We asked two groups of participants, one with Human Factors experience in healthcare and another with no Human Factors or healthcare specific training, to use the device and to list the steps they followed when using the device, keeping in mind if another individual was to follow the same steps to successfully use the device. The results from our study demonstrated that all users were able successfully complete the primary user task (i.e., to measure their hemoglobin) and to develop defined steps of device use. The latter were compared with a set of generic instructions developed by the study team. Our generic instructions may provide a standardized and generally applicable approach to using point-of-care testing devices.

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12

Aung, Phyo Wai, and Maryin S. Borisovich. "Device for Testing Pipe Billet." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 1166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.1166.

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Experimental studies of the influence of the heating temperature on the properties of pipe billets made of titanium alloys OT4 and OT4-1 in the formation of parts for the installation of pipeline systems without a protective atmosphere are presented.

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13

Kłosowiak, R., J. Bartoszewicz, and R. Urbaniak. "Portable Heat Pump Testing Device." International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering 20, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijame-2015-0044.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the design and working principle of a portable testing device for heat pumps in the energy recirculation system. The presented test stand can be used for any refrigerating/reverse flow cycle device to calculate the device energy balance. The equipment is made of two portable containers of the capacity of 250 liters to simulate the air heat source and ground heat source with a system of temperature stabilization, compressor heat pump of the coefficient of performance (COP) of = 4.3, a failsafe system and a control and measurement system.

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14

Mical, Andy. "Jar Testing Simultaneous Dosing Device." Opflow 23, no. 10 (October 1997): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.1997.tb02073.x.

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15

Sridharan, G. "IMPROVISED SLIDING-WEAR TESTING DEVICE." Experimental Techniques 10, no. 6 (June 1986): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1986.tb00611.x.

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16

Petersen, DR, RE Link, H. Öberg, P.-L. Larsson, and O. Magnius. "An Instrumented Microindentation Testing Device." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 29, no. 1 (2001): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte12391j.

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17

Chantzis, Constantin B., and Daniel I. Rosen. "Audio-acoustic proficiency testing device." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 113, no. 1 (2003): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1554234.

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18

Deaves, M. "On test [electronic device testing]." Manufacturing Engineer 82, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/me:20030508.

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19

Mitchell, K. W., L. B. Fabrick, C. E. Fairchild, T. Woolston, J. Canale, B. Pyle, J. Rumburg, and D. Willett. "Outdoor photovoltaic device performance testing." Solar Cells 18, no. 3-4 (September 1986): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6787(86)90125-0.

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20

Coultate, A. K. "Non-destructive magnetic testing device." NDT & E International 24, no. 6 (December 1991): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0963-8695(91)90069-f.

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21

Khvan, A. D., D. V. Khvan, A. A. Voropaev, and Yu B. Rukin. "Angle gage for torsion testing." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 84, no. 6 (August 1, 2018): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-6-59-62.

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Processing of metals by pressure suggests using of various measuring devices. We developed and manufactured a device for measuring angular deformations upon elastic and plastic torsion of circular specimens. The design is based on the operation principle of the planetary mechanism without a movable solar central wheel. Design of the device is based on the Boyarshinov concept added with a round protractor with a graduated scale from 0 to 360° and rotating needle placed on the axis to indicate the angular displacement. The use of the planetary gear significantly improves the accuracy of measuring the angles of rotation of the cross sections of the sample relative to each other at a distance of the calculated length. To low the weight of the device, the main parts were made of aluminum alloy D16Т. Rated diameters of the central wheel and satellite are D1 = 220 mm, D3 = 20 mm, respectively; the linkage module m = 1 mm; the number of teeth on the wheel and satellite is 220 and 20, respectively. Laboratory tests of the device were carried out on a KM-50 torsional machine using a cylindrical sample with a diameter of 15 mm and a working length of 120 mm made of steel 40Kh. The results provided determination of the elastic shear modulus with a deviation of ~2.5% of the reference value. Experimental data were used to plot the torsion diagram and then to get shear diagram τ = τ(γ) according to P. Ludwik’s formula. This diagram was transformed into the hardening curve σ = σ(e) using von Mises theory of the plasticity. The obtained mechanical characteristics allowed us to draw a conclusion on the essential accuracy of measuring angular displacements using the developed device. Thus, the developed and easy to use device can be recommended as testing equipment for determination of the mechanical characteristics of materials under conditions of shear deformations.

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22

Pavlov, Pavel, Vladimir Fandeev, Valery Butakov, Dilyara Baymeeva, and Venera Safiullina. "Testing digital instruments and power systems devices." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601063.

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Discussed here is a technique for testing digital devices based on the calculation and control of two or more characteristics of a binary electric signal at a reference point. Signals coming from a healthy and failed digital device that are indistinguishable by the value of one of the characteristics may differ in value of the other characteristic. The combination of test methods can significantly reduce the potential of not detecting the failure of digital device. The technique is aimed at increasing the information content of the healthy state monitoring results and the possibility of localizing failures in digital instruments and devices of power systems.

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23

Wang, F.-C., M.-F. Hong, and T.-C. Lin. "Designing and testing a hydraulic inerter." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 1 (May 14, 2010): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes2199.

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This article proposes a novel hydraulic inerter and experimentally verifies its properties. The inerter is a true two-terminal mechanical network element, which was invented to substitute for the mass in mechanical/electrical analogies. Previously, inerter concepts have been realized by rack-and-pinion and ball-screw devices. This article introduces a new hydraulic inerter device in which the forces are translated by hydraulic means. The dynamics of the device is discussed and experimentally verified. On the basis of the results, the proposed hydraulic inerter is shown to be effective.

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24

Green, Ronald, Damian P. Urciuoli, and Aivars J. Lelis. "Short-Circuit Robustness Testing of SiC MOSFETs." Materials Science Forum 897 (May 2017): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.897.525.

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This paper presents electrical results for two different commercial devices and one prototype 1.2 kV SiC power MOSFET device subject to short-circuit (SC) stress. Two failure modes were observed among the devices tested, with one mode of failure resulting in catastrophic device destruction and the other resulting in permanent damage of the insulating gate dielectric manifested as a leakage current of 400 mA. Short-circuit pulses of increasing time duration caused a reduction in the gate-to-source voltage toward the falling edge of the pulse. This phenomenon is a precursor to failure of SiC MOSFETs under SC stress, but this reduction in VGS is not known to occur in silicon-based devices. The measured short-circuit withstand times for commercial devices from group A and B MOSFETs were 8 us and 12 us, respectively. MOSFET-C devices had a withstand time of 7 us. A larger chip size improves robustness even for large values of peak short-circuit current.

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25

Horiuchi, Akinor, Toshio Binnaka, and Shigeyuki Maruyama. "4604572 Device for testing semiconductor devices at a high temperature." Microelectronics Reliability 27, no. 2 (January 1987): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2714(87)90310-6.

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26

Erashova, Yu N., I. V. Ivshin, I. I. Ivshin, and A. N. Tyurin. "Device for testing arc breakdown and spark gap protection devices." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 23, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-3-183-195.

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THE PURPOSE. To justify the need to use an arc breakdown protection device (ABPD) in electrical networks up to 0.4 kV, in order to reduce the number of fires. To analyze the existing types of damage, compare the protection devices against various types of damage in electrical networks up to 0.4 kV. To consider the requirements for ABPD, as well as the main characteristics of protection devices and types of execution. To determine the area of application of the ABPD in electrical installations for various purposes. METHODS. To solve the problems associated with the peculiarities of the arc processes in various electrical circuits and the lack of criteria for many key parameters in terms of the requirements and applicability of the ABPD, it was proposed to conduct a series of tests for specific network parameters in order to understand whether a case can really take place in the current power system when ABPD will not work properly. RESULTS. A test bench has been developed for testing the protection devices against arc breakdown and spark gaps for the effectiveness of operation for specific network conditions, instructions for its operation are given. CONCLUSION. It has been established that a sequential arc breakdown can only switch off an arc breakdown protection device (ABPD) and, accordingly, increase the safety of operation of electrical networks up to 0.4 kV in order to reduce fires caused by violation of the rules for the design and operation of electrical equipment. The proposed device for testing protection devices against arc breakdown and spark gaps allows you to control the fact of mandatory operation of the ultrasonic detector for a certain time and formulate the requirements necessary for the design of power grids.

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27

Erashova, Yu N., I. V. Ivshin, I. I. Ivshin, and A. N. Tyurin. "Device for testing arc breakdown and spark gap protection devices." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 23, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2021-23-3-168-180.

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Анотація:

THE PURPOSE. To justify the need to use an arc breakdown protection device (ABPD) in electrical networks up to 0.4 kV, in order to reduce the number of fires. To analyze the existing types of damage, compare the protection devices against various types of damage in electrical networks up to 0.4 kV. To consider the requirements for ABPD, as well as the main characteristics of protection devices and types of execution. To determine the area of application of the ABPD in electrical installations for various purposes. METHODS. To solve the problems associated with the peculiarities of the arc processes in various electrical circuits and the lack of criteria for many key parameters in terms of the requirements and applicability of the ABPD, it was proposed to conduct a series of tests for specific network parameters in order to understand whether a case can really take place in the current power system when ABPD will not work properly. RESULTS. A test bench has been developed for testing the protection devices against arc breakdown and spark gaps for the effectiveness of operation for specific network conditions, instructions for its operation are given. CONCLUSION. It has been established that a sequential arc breakdown can only switch off an arc breakdown protection device (ABPD) and, accordingly, increase the safety of operation of electrical networks up to 0.4 kV in order to reduce fires caused by violation of the rules for the design and operation of electrical equipment. The proposed device for testing protection devices against arc breakdown and spark gaps allows you to control the fact of mandatory operation of the ultrasonic detector for a certain time and formulate the requirements necessary for the design of power grids.

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28

Vansovich, K. A., and V. I. Yadrov. "Biaxial testing of metal samples on testing machines with one load axis." Omsk Scientific Bulletin, no. 173 (2020): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/1813-8225-2020-173-10-16.

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Анотація:

The necessity of experimental studies to assess the growth rate of fatigue cracks under biaxial loading is substantiated. An overview of testing machines for biaxial testing of metal samples, devices and fixtures used to ensure biaxial loading is made. An original device for distributing the vertical force of the testing machine along two axes of a cruciform sample is described

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29

Bibbo, Daniele, Tomas Klinkovsky, Marek Penhaker, Petr Kudrna, Lukas Peter, Martin Augustynek, Vladimír Kašík, et al. "A New Approach for Testing Fetal Heart Rate Monitors." Sensors 20, no. 15 (July 25, 2020): 4139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154139.

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Анотація:

In this paper, a new approach for the periodical testing and the functionality evaluation of a fetal heart rate monitor device based on ultrasound principle is proposed. The design and realization of the device are presented, together with the description of its features and functioning tests. In the designed device, a relay element, driven by an electric signal that allows switching at two specific frequencies, is used to simulate the fetus and the mother’s heartbeat. The simulator was designed to be compliant with the standard requirements for accurate assessment and measurement of medical devices. The accuracy of the simulated signals was evaluated, and it resulted to be stable and reliable. The generated frequencies show an error of about 0.5% with respect to the nominal one while the accuracy of the test equipment was within ±3% of the test signal set frequency. This value complies with the technical standard for the accuracy of fetal heart rate monitor devices. Moreover, the performed tests and measurements show the correct functionality of the developed simulator. The proposed equipment and testing respect the technical requirements for medical devices. The features of the proposed device make it simple and quick in testing a fetal heart rate monitor, thus providing an efficient way to evaluate and test the correlation capabilities of commercial apparatuses.

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30

Xue, Feng, Junsheng Wu, and Tao Zhang. "Learning-Replay Based Automated Robotic Testing for Mobile App." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (March 16, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1084602.

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Анотація:

Record-replay testing is widely used in mobile app testing as an automated testing method. However, the current record-replay methods are closely dependent on the internal information of the device or app under test. Due to the diversity of mobile devices and system platforms, their practical use is limited. To break this limitation, this paper proposes an entirely black-box learning-replay testing approach by combining robotics and vision technology to achieve a record-replay testing that can support cross-device and cross-platform. Firstly, vision technology is used to extract the critical information of GUI and gesture actions during the tester’s testing process; secondly, the GUI composition and test actions are analyzed to form a test sequence; finally, the robotic arm is guided to complete the replay of the test sequence through visual judgment. On the one hand, the approach in this paper does not access the interior of the app, shielding the association between test actions and device; on the other hand, it captures more abstract test action information instead of simple operation location records and supports more flexible test action replay. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by evaluating the learning-replay of 12 popular apps for 13 typical scenarios on the same device, across devices, and across platforms.

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31

Anderson, James M. "Perspectives on In Vivo Testing of Biomaterials, Prostheses, and Artificial Organs." Journal of the American College of Toxicology 7, no. 4 (July 1988): 469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10915818809019520.

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Анотація:

The goal of in vivo testing of a medical device is to determine the safety or biocompatibility of the device in a biological environment. Biocompatibility is the ability of a medical device to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application. Biocompatibility assessment is considered to be a measure of the magnitude and duration of adverse alterations in homeostatic mechanisms that determine the host response. Perspectives are provided on the role of injury, tissue responses to medical devices, and blood responses to medical devices. The concept of the normal foreign body reaction is presented. The potential importance of the macrophage, an important component of the foreign body reaction, in controlling the biocompatibility in the in vivo environment is discussed.

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32

Pervukhina, E. L., V. V. Golikova, and T. L. Stepanchenko. "Organization of On-line Information Analysis in the System of Decision Making by Results of Factory Testing of Products." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 3, no. 1 (January 10, 2009): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-69971.

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Анотація:

The article is about peculiarities and principle of operative information analysis in the system of decision making support for industrial testing of devices are considered. The main goal of the device assessment is to select devices capable of utilization. The information analysis orientates on detection and consequent tracking of the joint tendency of device parameter changing. The vector autoregression which connects current and past values of parameters is used to model the devices during their industrial testing.

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33

Bushlyakova, O. S., and N. V. Zamyatin. "Virtual device model for software testing." Proceedings of Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics 19, no. 1 (2016): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21293/1818-0442-2016-19-1-63-64.

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34

Jeong, Heon. "A Performance Testing Device of Drycell." Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5302/j.icros.2011.17.2.171.

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35

Habibi, S., A. Ziadi, and A. Megueni. "Modeling a Small Punch Testing Device." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 4, no. 2 (April 17, 2014): 612–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.416.

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A small punch test of a sample in miniature is implemented in order to estimate the ultimate load of CrMoV ductile steel. The objective of this study is to model the ultimate tensile strength and ultimate load indentation according to the geometrical parameters of the SPT using experimental data. A comparison of the model obtained with the two models (European code of practice and method of Norris and Parker) allows the design and dimensioning of an indentation device that meets the practical constraints. Implemented as a Matlab program, allows the investigation of new combinations of test variables.

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36

Dimitri, W. R., and B. T. Williams. "Homemade Pressure Limiting Vein Testing Device." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 41, no. 5 (May 1986): 569–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-4975(10)63048-2.

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37

McConnell, John. "Medical device testing standardised in Europe." Lancet 347, no. 9006 (April 1996): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(96)91443-9.

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38

Shah, Jitendra, and Mark Gijbels. "An Innovative Steering System Testing Device." ATZ worldwide 109, no. 6 (June 2007): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03224940.

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39

Clayman, William. "Device for testing ultrasonic beam profiles." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 77, no. 6 (June 1985): 2204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.391725.

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40

Rodriguez-Tellez, J. "Microwave probe for circuit/device testing." IEE Proceedings G Circuits, Devices and Systems 139, no. 3 (1992): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-g-2.1992.0054.

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41

Świder, J., G. Wszołek, A. Baier, G. Ciupka, and O. Winter. "Testing device for electrical car networks." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 164-165 (May 2005): 1452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.163.

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42

Kasukabe, Susumu, Masasi Ookubo, Yutaka Akiba, Minoru Tanaka, and Hitoshi Yokono. "4931726 Apparatus for testing semiconductor device." Microelectronics Reliability 31, no. 2-3 (January 1991): vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2714(91)90266-a.

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43

Ilzhöfer, A., H. Schneider, and C. Tsakmakis. "Tensile testing device for microstructured specimens." Microsystem Technologies 4, no. 1 (December 1997): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005420050091.

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44

Beal, Aubrey, C. Stevens, T. Baginski, M. Hamilton, and R. Dean. "Design, Simulation and Testing of High Density, High Current Micro-machined Embedded Capacitors." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2013, DPC (January 1, 2013): 000515–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2013dpc-ta32.

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Due to increasing speed, density and number of signal paths in integrated circuits, motivations for high density capacitors capable of quickly sourcing large amounts of current have led to many design and fabrication investigations. This work outlines continued efforts to achieve devices which meet these stringent requirements and are compatible with standard silicon fabrication processes as well as silicon interposer technologies. Previous work has been further developed resulting in devices exhibiting greater capacitance values by employing geometries which maximize surface area. The Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) of thin layered high K materials, such as Hafnium Oxide, as opposed to previous silicon-dioxide based devices effectively increased the capacitance per unit area of the structures. This paper outlines the design, fabrication, and testing of high density micro-machined embedded capacitors capable of quickly sourcing (i.e. risetimes greater than 100A/nsec) high currents (i.e. greater than 100A). These devices were successfully simulated then tested using a standard ringdown procedure. Generally, the resulting device characterization found during testing stages strongly correlates to the expected simulated device behavior. Subsequent descriptions and design challenges encountered during fabrication, testing and integration of these passive devices are outlined, as well as potential device integration and implementation strategies for use in silicon interposers. The modification and revision of several device generations is documented and presented. Increased device capacitive density, maximized current capabilities and minimized effects of series inductance and resistance are presented. These resulting thin, capacitive structures exhibit compatibility with Si interposer technology.

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45

Prieto-Diaz, Cynthia, Mathew R. Anderle, Laura Zagrocki Brinker, Randall Allard, and Jeremi Leasure. "Biomechanical Comparison of First Tarsometatarsal Arthrodesis Constructs Over Prolonged Cyclic Testing." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 247301141989224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011419892240.

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Background: Traditionally, a lengthy period of nonweightbearing is required following arthrodesis of the first tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint in order to provide a stable healing environment for the bones. The goal of this research was to determine the resistance to plantar gapping of 2 locked intramedullary devices and a medial plate with crossing screw, all specifically designed for hallux valgus correction, and compare them to traditional 2–crossing screw fixation under a cyclic testing protocol. We hypothesized the locked intramedullary devices and the medial plate with crossing screw would better resist plantar gapping. Methods: Forty cadaver specimens received 1 of 4 operative treatments: a locked intramedullary device with 2 points of fixation in the cuneiform, a locked intramedullary device with 1 point of fixation in the cuneiform, a medial plate with crossing screw, or 2 crossing screws. We applied dorsiflexion bending forces to the first TMT joint using a cadaveric fatigue model for 20 000 cycles. The plantar gap between the metatarsal and cuneiform was measured at the beginning and end of cyclic testing. Thirty-six specimens were included in the final data set. Results: Both locked intramedullary device groups and the medial plate with crossing screw group exhibited significantly less gap widening compared to the 2–crossing screw group (vs 3-hole intramedullary device, P = .014; vs 4-hole intramedullary device, P = .010; and vs medial plate with crossing screw, P = .044). The intramedullary device groups were the most stable during the cyclic fatigue test, exhibiting the smallest gap widening. The medial plate with crossing screw fixation was also more stable than crossing screws in the cyclic fatigue model. Conclusions: The locked intramedullary devices and medial plate with crossing screw resisted plantar gapping better than 2 crossing screws when used for first TMT arthrodesis. Clinical Relevance: These results indicate that locked intramedullary devices and medial plates with crossing screws may promote superior bone healing and may better tolerate early weightbearing compared with 2 crossing screws.

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Weisman, G., J. Baumhauer, R. Seroussi, S. Reinecke, and M. Pope. "The development and testing of an isokinetic strength testing device." Journal of Biomechanics 23, no. 7 (January 1990): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(90)90201-d.

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47

Ravichandran, Rajganesh, Raveena Pachal Balakrishnan, Jaya Shree Dilli Batcha, Abarna Lakshmi Ravi, and Nikhil Cherian Sam. "Medical device: a complete overview." International Journal of Clinical Trials 7, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20204487.

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<p class="abstract">Medical device means any instrument, apparatus, machine, appliance, implant, reagent for in vitro use, software, material or other similar or related article, intended by the manufacturer to be used, alone or in combination, for human beings, for one or more of the specific medical purpose. Medical devices are generally classified based on risks; the actual risk-based classification of the medical device depends upon its intended use and purpose.<strong> </strong>Development of an entirely new device typically begins with a concept by a physician or bioengineer for a solution to a medical problem. If the idea is determined to be workable and practical (proof of concept) an early design of the device, known as a prototype, will be built. A prototype device will undergo a cycle of preclinical testing, redesigning, preclinical testing of the redesign and so forth, until the design has been refined and tested to a point that it is ready for production and testing in humans. Preclinical animal tastings are conducted to provide reasonable evidence that novel technologies and therapies are safe and effective. When studying medical devices, clinical trials are not always required, and whether or not one will be conducted depends on a risk assessment. Post marketing surveillance is the practice of monitoring the safety of a medical device after it has been released on the market.</p>

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48

Porter, William, Carin Kosmoski, and Rohan Fernando. "A Process for Usability Testing of Lifesaving Equipment." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 1093–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601252.

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Usability for any product, and especially for a lifesaving device, is critical in that the users will be interacting with the device in a highly stressful and complex environment. This study examined self- contained breathing apparatus (SCBAs) and conducted a usability assessment of these SCBAs with refill stations as it pertains to mine escape. Data was collected examining three usability topic areas (effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction) and eight constructs within these topic areas (completeness, accuracy, time requirements, overall satisfaction, discomfort, ease of use, system performance, and user preference). This paper documents the usability framework adopted and the methodology used to answer the research questions of the study and includes sample results and discussion. The methodology presented can be modified and used to test other lifesaving technologies to compare the usability of the devices and to estimate the ability of the devices to function as expected in a lifesaving situation.

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49

Simakov, A. V., V. V. Kharlamov, and V. I. Skorokhodov. "The overcurrent protection characteristics testing digital substation intelligent electric devices." Omsk Scientific Bulletin, no. 176 (2021): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/1813-8225-2021-176-46-51.

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The electric power industry digital transformation features and the intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) introduction in the low-voltage circuits of power stations and substations are considered. The analysis of normative documents and standards is carried out. The features of scheduled maintenance of relay protection and automation devices are determined, the possibilities and prospects of organizing condition-based maintenance are considered. The mandatory steps required for any type of maintenance are defined. A method for checking the electrical and time characteristics of the overcurrent protection of an intelligent electronic device is proposed. The device is designed in accordance with the IEC-61850 standard and operates in the local area network of a digital substation of architecture III

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50

Sui, Li, Geng Chen Shi, Kun An, and Bao Jian Wei. "Modeling and Testing for Small-Scale Time Delay Device Based on Magnetorheological Fluid." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 1273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1273.

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Because of magnetorheological (MR) dampers’ mechanical simplicity, high dynamic range, low power requirements, large force capacity and robustness, they are the most promising devices for structural vibration control. But this paper uses MR dampers’ damp characteristics to complete a function of short time delay, and the damper’s volume is smaller than the other dampers that have been applied for commercial uses. This paper discusses two types of structures for time delay, gap structure time delay device and holes structure time delay device. In order to estimate the two kinds of devices’ delay time, mathematical modeling and experimental testing are built in this paper. From the test results, we know that holes structure does not always implement theoretical delay time, but the gap structure can complete the time delay function satisfactory. For judging whether the time delay device can work normally under different circumstance, the time delay device with gap structure is tested in a change temperature field from -40 °C to 55 °C.

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