Дисертації з теми "Développement communautaire – Aspect économique"
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Liennard, Alain. "Analyse de la durabilité socio-économique d"un processus de développement insulaire." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10054.
Повний текст джерелаAlves, Carlos-Manuel. "La protection intégrée de l'environnement en droit communautaire." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40006.
Повний текст джерелаIn the face of increasingly significant ecological imbalances, the question of the relationship between the environment and economic development has become international. The integration or the integrated protection of the environment seeks to es ablish equilibrium between these two essential needs. Its consist of placing environmental considerations in development policies. Taking account of its call, the European Community, regional organisation for. . . Economic integration, could not stay in the background of such a movement. Integration has taken the form of a legal duty in the treatry. .
Andong, baubebet Reine sandrine. "L’écorécréativité communautaire : une perspective de développement local dans les parcs nationaux du Gabon?" Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAH016.
Повний текст джерелаCassan, Guilhem. "Etat et identité de caste en Inde : une approche économique." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0048.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD studies identity, to show its multiple and ambiguous aspects. The first part is a study of the role of the British colonial presence in the evolution of the caste system in the Province of Punjab. Using Census data from 1881 to 1921, l built a panel of caste population over the long run. Using the creation of the "agricultural caste" category by the Government of Punjab in 1901 as a natural experiment on the incentive to manipulate cast identity. Using double differences, l can show that the abnormal evolution of the demography of the caste groups can be explained only by identity manipulation. The second chapter takes the point of view of the Government of Punjab to evaluate the extent to which this manipulation led to the misallocation of land that was supposed to be distributed to agricultural castes only. Using the data from the first chapter, l can build estimates of the quantity of land obtained by the members of the non agricultural castes who had been able to pass as members agricultural ones: more than 6% of the land allocated by the Government to agricultural castes was in fact obtained by individuals who had manipulated their identity. The second part of the PhD deals with contemporary positive discrimination policies in India. The difficulty to clearly distinguish untouchable for touchable caste led to the creation of different "Scheduled Castes" lists in each State. However, in 1956, the borders of thoses States have been but the lists were not changed before 1976: a member of a same caste could or not be considered as Scheduled Caste depending on its location within a State. Using two identification strategies, it is shown that the access to the status did not change the average educational level. The causes of this absence of effect are explored, and it is shown that it is mainly due to the absence of proper schooling infrastructure that this policy failed
Bourion, Alain. "Logiques publiques et stratégies des acteurs économiques : essai de modélisation pour un développement local plus équilibré." Saint-Etienne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STETT033.
Повний текст джерелаThe character more global of the world economy cannot ignore that it depends on economic health of cities and territories. Their economic development implies the existence, inside the local industries, of special ones, called here "jacobian", whose caracteristics and behavior with their environment make them appear as the very heart of the local economy : frequent in many industrial districts namely, they are at the origin of their dynamism a study conducted in Montreal (Canada) puts in evidence that the special behavior of the jacobian enterprises with the local environment may be due to the "local reinvestment" of those firms; the report defines that concept and gives, through a short exercise of modelization, the description of its effects on the local environment. Consequently, it is possible to think about a new definition of the public policies regarding the local economic development, in order to maximize their efficiency
Gingras, Patrick. "Entre innovation économique et cohésion sociale : les coopératives forestières et le développement des régions périphériques du Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24905/24905.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDam, Duy Long. "Développement touristique et développement local : la communauté lagunaire à Tam Giang-Cau Hai, province de Thùa Thiên Hué, Vietnam." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC022/document.
Повний текст джерелаThừa Thiên Huế inherites a strategic geographic position with many majestic landscapes, traditional villages and a diverse culture with two world cultural heritages. Among various potential natural resources of the place, Tam Giang – Cầu Hai Lagoon (TG-CH), with its precious resources, is an emerging tourist destination of the province. Althought tourism has established at TG-CH since 2010, it, in fact, has not shown as an effective tool for poverty alleviation. This research is aiming to a sustainable development of the area through analysing various factors. Analysises on the impacts of tourism and the involvement of local community in tourism have a very strong connection with the community perceived value in tourism. Specifically, a proposal for a model “tourism in the ghost town” at TG-CH would bring a unique aspect of a lost world which could not even be in the mind Thừa Thiên Huế authorities. For the first time, local culture becomes a significant key to understand and elaborate social changes. This research will continuously develop toward the sustainable development of TG-CH
Malki, Zahia. "L’impact des radios communautaires sur le développement économique et humain dans les pays en développement : la théorie à l'épreuve de la réalité sénégalaise." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1117.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the conviction of international organisations that consider community radios as an effective tool for economic and human development. Community radios are in fact regarded as a new source of growth to stand up to failing states due to their local presence and ability to broadcast information in local language. They are also representative of a participatory development considered as more effective than the traditional development "top-down" axis. This issue, which is quite recent in theoretical level, is very crucial since successive development policies promoted by states and international organisations have generated disappointments in many developing countries, particularly on the African continent.Due to a lack of theoretical literature in regards to the relationship between community radios development and economic and human development, the field survey was the mainstay of our analysis. We chose to perform the field survey in Senegal for reasons of practicalities and representativeness. Supported by statistics, particularly logistic regressions, and by a summary of a rich theoretical literature on development issues, our analysis convincingly argue that if community radios are a good development tool, their impact is nevertheless currently constrained by a number of limits, including their low budget. Once these limitations are identified, we will put forward proposals to allow community radios to become a truly effective tool for economic and human development while considering cooperatives or promoting the development of radio listening clubs
Donfouet, Hermann Pythagore Pierre. "Essais sur l’évaluation des préférences des ménages en matière d’assurance communautaire." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G027/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe financing of quality healthcare is a major challenge for developing countries. Despite efforts to improve the provision of healthcare services, a significant proportion of the population does not always have access to healthcare services. Low economic growth, lack of economic resources, corruption and constraints on the public sector could explain why the design of a system of financing healthcare is complex. Over the past two decades, there has been a decline in the use of healthcare services after the introduction of cost recovery in public health facilities. Those most affected by this policy are low-income households particularly in rural areas that are most often vulnerable to diseases. The community-based health insurance has been proposed as an alternative to improve better access to low-income households to healthcare services. The community-based health insurance is thus a tool of social protection for many households who otherwise would not have formal insurance. However, such a health insurance scheme can have long-term effects if households have a strong preference for it, and there is social capital in rural areas. Assessing the preferences of households for the community-based health insurance is important for the formulation of policy recommendations. Adequate knowledge on the determinants of demand for the community-based health insurance is essential for developing strategies to increase resource allocation, and improve the quality of services. This study aims at assessing the preferences of households for community-based health insurance in rural areas of Cameroon. The use of contingent valuation method suggests that low-income households are willing to pay for the community-based health insurance. Furthermore, social capital has a positive and significant effect on the demand, and the use of double-bounded dichotomous choice to assess the preferences of households is incentive incompatible. We also found that there is heterogeneous shift effect in preferences anomalies and could be mostly explained by the salient characteristics of households. A striking result is that more certain households are not subjected to preference anomalies. Lastly, there is spatial dependence in the preferences of households explained by social norms
Didier, Raphaël. "Monnaie : communauté ou institution ? Un éclairage théorique et empirique à partir d’une monnaie locale." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2022. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2022_0030_DIDIER.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn this doctoral work, we sought to shed theoretical and empirical light on the communal or institutional nature of money. To do so, we have used the particular case of a local currency, the Florain, as we had the rare opportunity to study it since its launch in 2017 and during four full years.The first part focuses on the community dimension of the currency. Taking a socioeconomic approach, we study the Florain user community as a hybrid community, in the Weberian sense of the term, that is, as a community with both economic and extra-economic goals. Based on the results of our survey, we show that the users of the Florain form a sociation of individuals participating in social activity on the basis of an alliance of interests rationally motivated in value and purpose. Then, we try to characterize the users by their socioeconomic profile and their social representations. Our main result is that this monetary community is characterized by the existence within it of four socioeconomic user profiles (monomers), which we describe as a polymerized monetary community, insofar as the existence of the Florain user community requires the coordinated association of all these profiles through an adapted form of governance.At the end of this first part, our survey and interviews have certainly shed light on the community dimension of money, but they have also offered us the possibility of a complementary interpretation of the community in relation to the institutional dimension of money. We therefore analyzed the institutional approaches to money. We then looked at the traditional economic functions assigned to money, as well as at monetary supports and instruments, the functions of the latter being intimately linked to their legal nature. From there, we addressed the question of monetary sovereignty and its evolution in history, insofar as alternative currencies directly question this concept. Second, we have shown that money is not limited to four economic functions, but on the contrary sets in motion all spheres of social life: money is thus a "total social fact" (Mauss, 1968), whose existence must be embodied in the experience of each individual (Lévi-Strauss, 1950/1973), hence, among other things, the social marking of money (Zelizer, 2005). Money is thus a "social reality" (Simiand, 2006), which Polanyi (1944/1983, 2011) studied from an original angle in a market society and from which we derive a grid for analyzing alternative currencies (Blanc, 2013). Finally, we show that money is a social institution essential to life in society, a major institutional form analyzed in the framework of regulation theory.However, because this monetary community is born within a society, it is necessarily inscribed in the pre-existing structures: in more Polanyian terms, the monetary community is embedded. By analyzing a few examples of communities of local currency users, we first show that the monetary community is embedded in a catchment area, characterized by a culture, a spatial proximity and a political construction of the territory. Then, using the analytical grid developed by Amable and Palombarini (2018), we show that the monetary community is embedded in socio-political structures, beyond the traditional left/right divide, and that its perpetuation is essentially due to a particular social group, which is similar to the "bourgeois bloc"
Merry, Adrienne. "Socio-cultural aspects of functional regionalization in the cross-border area between Montenegro, Albania, Kosovo, Macedonia and Serbia (SCAFRB)." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A025.
Повний текст джерелаNew social-economic macro-regionalization in the Central Balkans, leading to accelerating the pace of economic growth in the monitored area, is both necessary and possible. From a review of the literature it is clear that in the view of most western democracies the Central Balkans still remains the most unstable region in the western world. Functional regionalization of the Balkans is a developmental enigma for the Balkans as well as for Europe. Secondly, for Europe, the challenge is to form a functioning community originally in an area composed of a number of different national communities that have recently been in the most harmful national conflict. The challenge of local government community is how best to construct a viable transition from a dysfunctional socio-cultural community to an integrated functional global socio-cultural system.The study analyses the strengths and weaknesses of a particular Balkan area, the Shaar Mountains area, and the possibilities to set up trans-borders cooperation between several cities in order to enhance socio-economic development. Several projects the author has participated to are presented. The stakes are high, and the challenges still uncertain
Savigny, Marie-Thérèse. "Le Hameau des Possibles : pour une sociologie du pouvoir de penser et d'agir." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN1024.
Повний текст джерелаFacing several crisis on various levels (economic, social, democratic, of meaning. . . ) which have impacted an ever increasing number of people in unbearable situations, the traditional social work finds its limits, in its healing but also normative logic towards individuals. The confrontation between people stuck in a humiliating assisted condition and social workers applying existing 'solutions' rather than thinking and developing new ones, makes for an impossible situation, to get out of which social work has to be, and is able to be, a mediator, a third-party facilitating local dynamics that won't exclude those people usually left out of the democratic spaces of expression. The various actors of an action-research called “For a new governance of emergency food aid in the conurbation” believe in the co-construction of a real economic and politic territorial project. They are joining forces together in an association, Act'terre solidaire, constituting a laboratory for territory elements
Nguyen, Thi Nhu Hoa. "Le développement du tourisme communautaire dans les villages de métiers artisanaux de la province de Thua Tien Hué, Vietnam : Le cas de Thanh Tien, Sinh, Thuy Xuan, Bao La et Phuoc Tich." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROF001.
Повний текст джерелаRecognized by UNESCO since 1993 as a world heritage, the province of Thừa Thiên Huế (Vietnam) is also known for handicraft villages. The cultural and identity values of the region are involved through artisanal products. The awareness of reviving handicrafts is a great challenge for the province in general and artisans in particular, because of the disappearance of these trades. Thus, the setting in tourism by creating jobs with the autochthones and by perpetuating these cultural heritages in these villages, unveils realities of the tourist mutations of several actors concerned. So this research focuses on highlighting the three key points. First, cultural and economic impacts directly and / or indirectly affect the indigenous community. Second, new jobs help improve the lives of local people. Lately, it concerns the difficulties encountered with regard to the sustainable development of community tourism in artisan craft villages
Diop, Joseph. "Dynamiques locales et construction territoriale : approche socio-anthropologique du processus de développement local dans la Commune rurale de Fandène (Thiès – Sénégal)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20016/document.
Повний текст джерелаHow to give an account of the dialectical relationship between the density of social interactions and the building of development in a local system of action which the territory can constitute? This is the key question which our thesis tries to answer. The issues of local development are posed with regards to processes carried out by actors of all kinds, registered in contexts of building their territory. The rural municipality of Fandène is a laboratory rich for experimentation of development practices. As such, Fandène is ideal for studying the act of reaching the local, the actor and, to penetrate into the heart of the action, hidden social situations; where the logic of action and the strategies of actors are muddled in the everyday life of projects and development initiatives. Thus, the socioanthropology of development turned out to be useful in addressing these questions and promoted the use of the systematic approach to analyze interactions, on the one hand, the interactions both in the local organizations (EIG, FPG), and between them and the agencies of Development (NGO), and, on the other hand, the motivations of the actors to take part in the so-called development. With observations, interviews and questionnaires, the field inquiry allowed for the collection of data on the actors and created social relationships, whose analysis allowed for, among other things, the start of an incomplete but interesting, ''profiling'' of certain actors, based on the motives and intentions of participating in collective action
Achir, Mohamed. "Finance solidaire, émergence d'institutions de micro-finance : cas de la Kabylie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG059.
Повний текст джерелаThis research has attempted to understand and analyze the practices of informal solidarity finance in Kabylie, in this case the role of village banks and the management of public goods. In fact, we have analyzed the village solidarity system and the informal networks around which funds and networks are mobilized and structured, such as the networks of emigrants established abroad and organized in community associations. It is from this socio-economic context of the village communities of Kabylia, characterized by the embedding of practices of solidarity financing in the socio-cultural values and the self-organization of the villages that we posed the problematic of their operation and the interest of their institutionalization in organizations of social and solidarity economy in general and solidarity finance in particular like the community banks and inter-village cooperatives at the scale of the Wilaya. In other words, we have raised the issue of the professionalization and institutionalization of village banks as a factor likely to strengthen their sustainability and effectiveness in the financing and management of the collective goods of Kabyle villages
Mitard, Eric. "Les aides économiques locales aux entreprises et le droit communautaire." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT3003.
Повний текст джерелаSiemowski, Carine. "L'optimisation des sollicitations de financement communautaire au développement économique et social régional." Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL20021.
Повний текст джерелаThe European aids financed by the European regional development fund ( ERDF) and the European social dund (ESF) helped many regions in their development. However, numerous project holders have difficulty to obtain the financing due to the administrative complexity and the changes in the European rules between the 2000-2006 programming period and the 2007-2013 one. This assessment is true in Belgium (Wallonia), in France (Alsace, Ile-de-France, Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardie), in Spain (Andalucia) and in Sweden (Ostra Mellansverige). Yet, improvements can be made to deal with the requests of the project holders. The first part of the study aims to describe the obstacles met by the project managers in the scheme creation. The second part will present the administrative mechanisms necessary to obtain the community aids
Eila, Mohammed S. "Sustainability : an effective approach for land use management : application to Gaza City." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/e681e544-83e0-4671-966a-dff3938bd6e8.
Повний текст джерелаCamara, Boubacar. "Ajustement structurel et développement économique dans les états de la CEAO (communauté économique de l’Afrique de l'ouest)." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100108.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of the thesis is to contribute to the design of a new development strategy in West Africa, on the basis of the experience of the economic community of West Africa’s member-states. The study is comprised of three components. In the first component relating to the global evolution, are examined the historical and geopolitical dynamics of the sub-region and the analysis of the crisis of structure and operation vicious circles. As concerns the second component, it deals with the present policies being implemented, namely, adjustment policies and initiatives to overcome the socio-economic impasse. Seven hypotheses on the implications of structural adjustment are tested through case-studies. The last component, corresponding to the alternative, contains the proposal of an integral human development strategy in the sub-region, based on the valorization of human, material and financial resources, the development of integrated channels of development, the agro-industrial and artisanal integration, the setting up of new methods and criteria of management, as well as new forms of co-operation. A new method for evaluating achievements bound to a set of indicators is also proposed
Nguyen, Van Phu. "Croissance économique et environnement." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR1EC03.
Повний текст джерелаJoly, Christian. "Le Royaume-Uni et la politique communautaire pour le développement." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX32010.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this study consists in putting in light the various aspects of the u. K. 's position towards the community's development policy. The first part is an attempt to review the elements of the british attitude in relation to this policy : the differences of perspectives of both the u. K. And the eec towards the developing world, the situation of the eec aid among other british multilateral aid commitments, the british position with regard to the basic features of the eec policy. The second part is an analysis of the u. K. 's behaviour in relation to the implementation of the eec policy : the british financial contribution to the eec policy, a comparaison between the british and eec means and methods of implementation, the british view on the evolution of the eec trade policy for the developing countries
Godement, François. "Aspect du développement économique et politique de la Chine contemporaine." Paris, INALCO, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INAL0014.
Повний текст джерелаHurtado, Galvan Laura. "Information, développement et démocratie en Amérique latine : le travail de documentation, d'information et de communication des organisations non gouvernementales de développement." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0092.
Повний текст джерелаThe object of this research is to define and analyse the social dimension and the learning process of the units of information related to the establishment of a new type of institution within latin american civil societies : the no govrnmental development organisations. These institutions are non profit private centers supported by international cooperation. They employ paid workers and carry out development programs at the grassroot level and social research. The first section heritages and ruptures shows how the new services provided by the units of information try and answer urgently needs for democratisation and developing societies. In the second section descending and ascending information, two recent projects are scrutinized. The first one was initiated by the state (the national systems for scientific and technic information). The second one was worked out by civil society (the ngo's documentation centers). The stakes are different. The size and the public are not the same. Yet their technical concerns are alike : they aim at supplying the developmental actors with immediate, precise and flexible information, and at making up for the shortcoming of traditional libraries. The last section information, development and democratic space scrutinized local, national and regional projects carried on by chilean, bresilian and peruvian ngo
Bagaoui, Rachid, and Donald Dennie. "Les facteurs de réussite des organisations du développement économique communautaire du nord-est de l'Ontario." Institut franco-ontarien Université Laurentienne, 2002. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/202.
Повний текст джерелаHafdi-Idrissi, Abdelaziz. "Laproblématique du développement local au Maroc : réalités et perspectives." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081861.
Повний текст джерелаMakni, Jihène. "Entrepreneuriat et développement local : analyse théorique et appliquée à la région économique de Sfax." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE0018.
Повний текст джерелаEntrepreneurship is a concept which enjoys an interesting popularity at the level of research as well in practice. This research examines the major figures of the entrepreneur which are mobilized by economic changes. The objective of our work is to construct links between the conceptual dimensions and the contextual events which took notice of the return of the entrepreneur. In this research, we aim at exploring specific forms of entrepreneurship based on a historical perspective combined with a dynamic vision. Therefore, this thesis presents a synthesis of the genesis of the research in the field of entrepreneurship. In the context of local development, a particular form of entrepreneurship presents an interesting way which takes into account more purposes than traditional entrepreneurship does. We will see that the new relations with space and time induce a more collective entrepreneurship based on accessibility rather than proximity. For fifteen years, we have noticed new developmental practices. The latter which are founded on the spatial concentration of small but strongly interdependent businesses, generate various processes of development. Questioning these processes and showing how they carry a different approach to development in the southern cities, is essentially the objective of this thesis. The case of Sfax is considered here. Based on applied research, we analyze the economic dynamics of this region as well as the link between entrepreneurship and job creation by means of contextual factors which favor the spin-offs of businesses and enable cooperations to practice competition
Prieur, Fabien. "Croissance et environnement dans le modèle à générations imbriquées : analyse dynamique et évaluations des politiques publiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX24005.
Повний текст джерелаIn this study, we deal with topical environmental issues by having recourse to the overlapping generations model of growth. First, our purpose is to recognize that the recovery process of nature is finite and vanishes beyond a critical threshold of damage. Considering the potential irreversibility of pollution implies that the development process can drive the polluting economy to a poverty trap. Moreover, the theoretical explanations of the environmental Kuznets curve are seriously challenged since the private agent’s investment in abatement fails to promote sustainable growth. Then, we show that regulating pollution with permits is an effective policy, provided that some precise rules concerning the choice of the global quota on emissions are respected, from the view point of its ability to protect the economy against the convergence toward a poverty trap. Once we have set conditions excluding traps, we also prove that environmental policy does not necessarily mean a slackening in growth. Its reinforcement can even produce a double dividend. Finally, we address the issue of the definition of the emission quota. We assume that the economy’s commitment in pollution control goes through the setting exogenous quota. When the permits system is too latitudinarian, it is possible to exceed the rigidity imposed by the quota and to achieve the social optimum by implementing a policy consisting in the segmentation of the permits market
Nayaradou, Maximilien. "L'impact de la régulation de la publicité sur la croissance économique." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090033.
Повний текст джерелаBakinde, Ngibayi Zahedi Augustin. "Dynamisme associatif et développement local : exemple du Mouvement Pour le Développement du Canton d'Omeng (MODECO), Cameroun." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100066.
Повний текст джерелаThe future of a society is essential for ils members who avant il to improve and usually act in this way. The nationals. From the canton of Omeng, in department ofSanaga-Martime, are particularly involved in their future. They put ail their effort into il and they devole much of their lime to il. The problem of southern countries development goes more and more through local initiatives at the level of departments, districts, regions even cantons. The voluntary policier showed their limits because of the weak mobilization of the human and equipment resources and because of the inadequacy of government politics regarding local development. This situation led the Cameroonian elites to gel involved in their respective areas as actors of a self-centred development, a commun identiry responsible for a Community development. They look into considération human factors in a new def nition of the development strategies and they set up a vital system which would insure the emancipation qf men and women committed to the development protes. Il is from this point of view that Omeng Canton elite set up MODECO - Movement for the Omeng Canton Development - whose principles are solidariry, union, progress, democracy, participation and development
Rapoport, Hillel. "Développement et pouvoir en Afrique noire : éléments pour une analyse économique du clientélisme." Paris 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA020069.
Повний текст джерелаZair, Tarik. "La gestion décentralisée du développement économique au Maroc." Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10001.
Повний текст джерелаAttempt to shapeg a minimal State, the territorial decentralization is considered nowadays as on inevitable way to reach the local development. In Morocco, the option in favour of the local authorities, as economic agents, is the result of an “utilitarian necessity” which imposed itself on the central power. The State aims at hiding its inability to get the country out of its economic crises and to make responsible the decentralized power responsible for possible failures. Decentralized management of the economic development disclose a large amount of legal constraints that the reforms of 2002 were not able to overcome. Decentralized institutional and territorial frameworks turn out to be ill-adapted. The distribution of the economic skills was done at the expense on the local autonomies. The specific character of the economic skill favours the normative constraints which impose themselves on the decentralized powers. The growing politicization of the local development has probably weakened it. The difference of interest involved was done at the expense of the clarity which is necessary to the economic success. Thus, the development has taking a redistributive dimension and has not created wealth. The application of decentralized politic of development, in spite of its variety, resulted in visible shortcomings. The planning of the local development and its management show the difficulties to connect the two. The effectiveness of a decentralized politic of development is dependent on the improvement of the ressources devoted to the local development and on the overcoming of methodological gaps
Krecké, Elisabeth. "Le critère d'efficience dans l'analyse économique du droit." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX32029.
Повний текст джерелаThe acknowledgement of the importance of a profitable cooperation among economic and legal sciences lead us to the study of the first systematic economic analysis of law which applies standard economic tools to the study of legal phenomena. In the descriptive as well as in the normative version of this theory - initiated in the united states by common law posnersocial efficiency is a central concept. After developing arguments to show why this theory is built on an inadequate methodological framework, the present research is a reflexion on the appropriate methodological foundations of an economic analysis of law which allows for the ethical dimension of law
Zaoual, Hassan. "Du rôle des croyances dans le développement économique." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL12020.
Повний текст джерелаVerchère, Alban. "Essais sur le lien entre développement durable et équité intergénérationnelle : une approche par la modélisation." Strasbourg 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR1EC08.
Повний текст джерелаThe matter of durability of the economic and human development with limited resources and fragile environment appears at least as old as Economic Science. It took since the Eighties and the dissipation of the less founded fears related to the exhaustion of resources, an environmental dimension through the concept of sustainable development. It says that development "must meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" Brundtland Commission (1987). From a theoretical point of view, it appears that this definition returns in fact to two closely related but quite distinct concepts: sustainability on the one hand, and equity between generations of the other. However, these two concepts are often confounded in the literature, as well as one frequently associates their opposites, unsustainability and inequity. The reason lies in the fact that one appreciates the paths of development to the ell of their long term results, but without really wondering about the behavior of the generations which give them life : are the generation really iniquitous? The work exposed in this thesis, through four modeling essays, precisely aims at showing that there are unsustainable paths of development that cannot be described as inequitable, As well as it happens one reaches sustainable paths, without the possibility to qualify them as equitable. These conclusions finally lead to reinvest the question of the ethical base of the interventions in favor of the future in the event of unsustainable but equitable paths of development. Namely, if these paths lead to unsustainability but without it being possible to say if they violate intergenerational equity as that can appear when one introduces intergenerational altruism for example , which principle can provide an alternative to equity between generations to legitimate the actions in favor of the future?
Chabane, Mohamed. "Agriculture, rente et développement : de l'histoire à la prospective, le cas de l’Algérie." Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/TheseChabane.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSince 1962, Algeria has experienced strong population dynamics, which broke various balances economic, social and natural. One consequence of this population pressure is seen through the imbalance of agricultural resources, which led to an extremely high food dependency vis-à-vis other countries. Today, most of the commodity is imported and the gap between supply and demand is increasingly rising. Since the intensive exploitation of hydrocarbons, agriculture has often been neglected and relegated to second place. However, agricultural policy initiated by the country's independence ensured top performance in the agricultural sector, which enjoyed a reputation as an exporter sector mainly due to policies of basic infrastructures, , and of all sorts of supports as , a way of promoting very advanced techniques. How and why could farming reach such a state? What the State could do if the hydrocarbon resources are running low? How can the State put farming in the forefront? How can it give agriculture a place with which it will contribute to the economic development of the nation? How can it meet the challenges of the future and cope with population growth, climate change and depletion of natural resources, presently the almost only sources of finance for the State? To answer these questions, we first consider the history of the Algerian agriculture during the last centuries. This quest leads to the conclusion that a real farm policy, founded over a real and effective study of Algerian agricultural sector is necessary. To this end, a mathematical model linking together the main parameters of the Algerian agricultural system is built. Focused on the future of the sector in Algeria, its goal is not only to imitate behaviour of agricultural systems but also to produce scenarios that could occur in reality in case of policy changes it is based on a rational analysis of land use patterns as depicted in field studies
Chevé, Morgane. "L'adéquation des choix économiques aux contraintes écologiques : optimalité et durabilité de la croissance d'une économie polluante." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010004.
Повний текст джерелаBasdevant, Olivier. "Des inégalités et de l'éducation dans la croissance." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010036.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies the relation between inequalities education, and growth, at individual level and country level. A first part analyses the interaction between R&D and education, and then the problem of under-development trap. A second part analyses educative policy
Smith, Andy. "L'Intégration communautaire face au territoire : les fonds structurels et les zones rurales en France, en Espagne et au Royaume Uni." Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE21010.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies an aspect of eurpean integration : the intensification of european union interventions in favour of the development of rural areas that are considered defavorized. Using data from interviews in three countries (france, spain, united kingdom), the thesis is founded upon the hypothesis that the actions of the european union do not simply involve transfers of money. They also imply exchanges of ideas and of political resources. In each territory eu actions have a variable political impact due to their form, the signification accorded to development and the relationship between local and national actors and those of the european commission. Indeed, the centrality of the latte r constitutes one of the keys for interpreting european integration. Through adopting an approach informed by policy network analysis, the analysis brings the author to characterise europea n integration as a dynamic which stimulates the political development of different levels of territory. As such it is as much a producer of divergence as it is of convergence in trends of public action in europe
Aouragh, Lhaocine. "L'Intégration du facteur démographique dans la planification du développement en Algérie." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0063.
Повний текст джерелаFor a few years, the demographic growing of the algerian population, which in the context of an economic criss became of the rareness of the wags of the satisfying the needs, spontaneously assessed to be an obstacle to the rise of the stadart of living, has became part of the political priorities of the country. Ever since, the state has done its best to reduce the fertility rate. Overing to the inerty of the demographic phenomena, it would be a total illusion to side with the reduction of the mortality rate, even if the happened to be confirmed in the future, it would lower the change of the population on the efforts on the economic development. This would be nothing but igoring the automatic effects of the changes occuring in the structures. Besides, we can't offered to forget about the consequences which would certainly entail a decrease of the natality rate of the population. The industrial options, the reglection of the agricultural development, the repartition of the investments, a bad planification, according to us, just as many factors which explain the feeble results of the production and, therefore, the economic crisis. Finally we will understand that it is wrong to assert that the situation in which algeria find itself, is due to an uncontrolled demographic increase or of an imporpriate orientation of the nothing but the effort of the development. These two elements were linked and entail difficulties which can be considered as part of the crisis
Hamiche, M'Hamed. "Chemin de fer, aménagement de l'espace et développement économique au Maroc." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR1501.
Повний текст джерелаTommasoli, Massimo. "Anthropologie : developpement rural et participation dans la cooperation italienne : le cas de la corne orientale de l'afrique." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0048.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Bot Jean-Michel. "Du développement durable au bien public : responsabilité et légitimité en question : à partir des cas de la Bretagne et de la Russie." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20003.
Повний текст джерелаRecognising the relevance of the concept of sustainable development as a political reference, the author can hardly conceive it as a scientific concept. He prefers the concept of public good, of which as precise a definition as possible is given. He starts by examining two cases : Russia and Brittany. In Russia, can the ecologist movement, together with the desire for change which became apparent from the mid-80s, contribute in overcoming the ecological and sanitary consequences of the soviet industrial development, combining productivism and totalitarianism ? In Brittany, a productivist agricultural system is now being criticised because of its pollutant effects, whereas there are recognised alternative methods : organic farming, sustainable development plans, etc. Their supporters show that it is possible to produce otherwise, combining economic viability, ecological security and social acceptability. But does this clarify the real issues of these alternatives ? Analysing the practices demands the intervention of a theoretical model allowing for an identification of rationalities which formalise these practices. This model, which allows the question of environment and economic rationality to be dealt in a new way, is studied in the second part. A third part specifies how the study of Russian and Breton cases can enlighten fundamental problems. Don't the Russian post-soviet ecological crisis and the crisis of the Breton agricultural system, illustrate the limits of reference to economic rationality ? Doesn't contemporary reference to sustainable development constitute a reminder of a political principle of responsibility, as well as of an ethical principle of legitimacy ? How does the theoretical model used allow for a precise definition to be given of the concept of public good ? Finally, a certain similarity is shown between the crises concerning the professions of social workers and farming advisers. A redefinition of the profession of adviser is proposed
Marques, Bruno. "Flux touristique international et croissance économique de long terme : Dynamique de la fréquentation touristique et du revenu per capita." Antilles-Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0267.
Повний текст джерелаInternational tourism generates a specific international trade where only customers move. The dissertation analyzes Tourism Led Growth considering this peculiarity. Long run dynamics characteristics between tourism arrivaIs and per capita output are the cornerstone objective of the research. Varied situations are modeled in a general equilibrium context: one and two sectors economies; physical capital accumulation (private and public) as weIl as innovation mechanics of growth. The examination of international tourism arrivaIs effects on long run growth is conducted with both exogenous [as described by the Tourism Area Life Cycle in Butler (1980)] and endogenous tourism flow (depending on public capital and constrained by accommodation capacity). Each situation brings specific results. From the one sector model with capital accumulation, a direct link equation between per head output and tourism arrivaIs is derived. Caribbean countries data validate the theoretical approach. Specializing effects of international of tourism arrivaIs on the basis of two sectors model depend on technological parameters of the goods consumed by the visitors. Tourism Led Growth based on public capital accumulation and innovation mechanics of growth reveal country scale effect. Market power practice is also a consequence of international tourism arrivaIs, which should be outweighed by technical progress or by labor productivity out of public capital effect. Theoretical contribution of the dissertation exceeds the results of each specific model. Tourism Led Growth is characterized as endogenous growth with a declining rate of growth
Maia, de Vasconcelos Cesar Ricardo. "L'intelligence économique et la stratégie de développement de la PME." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE2A002.
Повний текст джерелаSboui, Faouzi. "Le secteur informel urbain en Tunisie : hétérogénéité des structures et contribution au développement." Bordeaux 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR40023.
Повний текст джерелаOndo-Ella, Jean. "L'économie des transports et le développement du Gabon." Nancy 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN20007.
Повний текст джерелаGabon, a country with enormous mining, forester and agricultural potentialities, has endowed itself with an excessive transport system. Today, it is incoherent and irrelevant; it weakens the economy, prevents the state from financing the agricultural and manufacturing production and hinders consequently, the development of the country. This transport system needs consequently a new restructuration appropriate to the needs of the development of the country. This adaptation implies a coherence of aims between the transport system and the system of socioeconomical activities ; it advocates a minimalisation of the transport costs by planning the transport networks and by the combination between the economies of scope and scale ; it enables at last a better financing of the agricultural and manufacturing activities thanks to the organization of the transport system for the budgetary balance and thanks to the selective and progressive denationalization of the transport national companies
Boutrolle, d'Estaimbuc Clotilde. "Éducation, croissance et développement : une approche comparative du bassin méditerranéen et du sud-est asiatique." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX24010.
Повний текст джерелаSadqi, Mohamed. "Émigration temporaire et développement économique dans le pays d'origine." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27884.
Повний текст джерелаRogombe, Laetitia Guylia. "La dynamique de la ville de Lambaréné : entre mobilité et développement économique local." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070007.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of the dynamics of the town of Lambarene made it possible to distinguish the various factors which contribute to the development of this city. On the geographical level, Lambarene occupies, a strategic position; it is the node of relation, the crossroads of communication networks road and river. Its central position and its economic assets explain the surge of the populations of various national and foreign origins. The multiplicity, the mixing and the diversity of those make of Lambarene a genuine melting-pot. With the economic plan and industrialist, whereas the small towns are in general mono-industrial, Lambarene is pluri-industrial. This character pluri-industrialist is due to a large number of foreign companies which strongly take part in the development of this urban area. The presence of these multinationals is revealing anchoring and opening of Lambarene to globalization. The interest of this study is articulated around the double demographic and economic dynamics which underlies the development of Lambarene and in fact an economic pole of importance in Gabon
Terrassier, Nicolas. "Stratégie de maritimisation des économies : illustration par l'analyse comparée du développement du transport maritime de lignes régulières en Asie et en Afrique." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010080.
Повний текст джерелаRegular shipping lines transport is the corner stone of the industrial development policies of nations. The new asian maritime nations have weel understood the stakes in this sector for the industrial "take-off' of their economy. Through a comprehensive understanding of the principles of this industry, perceptive asian shipowners have defined shipping policies fitted to the constraints and advantages of their economy and choosen appropriate strategies for the development of shipping companies. Some asian states have been able to implement a "maritime-integration" policy of their whole economy. These countries first favored the promotion of exports and the control of freight by shippers, then opened their economy to the sea through policies of port and coastal industrialization. Finally they adopted consistent industrial policies at macroeconomic level to develop the shipping companies and the related industries such as ports, multimodal transport and shipyards. This macro-economic policy is based on a gradual approach, never dogmatic, but carefully worked out by shipowners who have a perfect knowledge of maritime transport. Conversely, african countries, which were emerging as shipping nations during the 70s, have witnessed the downfall of their shipping companies. In addition to the lack of advantages at the regional and industrial levels, the decline of shipping fleets has been accelerated by irrational and inconsistent decisions, taken without any analysis of the economic environment, and without abiding by the laws and principles of functioning of maritime transport