Дисертації з теми "Developing countries/social"
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Berger, Guy. "Social structure and rural economic development." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007643.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Ying. "Developed countries or developing countries?: MNEs' geographic diversification and corporate social performance." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2018. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/560.
Повний текст джерелаHidalgo, Varela Luis Fernando. "Social entrepreneurship in developing countries: An institutional context." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672031.
Повний текст джерелаEl emprendimiento social se reconoce cada vez más como un elemento crucial para el progreso de las economías y la sociedad. Por lo tanto, los académicos y los responsables políticos se han interesado por los factores que podrían determinar este fenómeno. Si bien varias disciplinas han analizado los antecedentes del emprendimiento, los enfoques institucionales han cobrado relevancia por su capacidad para brindar un marco en el que los emprendedores toman decisiones en función del contexto en el que se encuentran insertos. Esta visión teórica permite explicar las diferencias institucionales entre países. Por lo tanto, resulta que las instituciones formales e informales son útiles para comprender por qué los individuos deciden convertirse en emprendedores sociales y / o emprendedores comerciales y, al mismo tiempo, cómo estas instituciones contribuyen a la satisfacción del emprendedor social en los países en desarrollo. Por lo tanto, esta investigación explora los factores institucionales que influyen en la actividad emprendedora social en los países en desarrollo, utilizando la perspectiva de la economía institucional como marco teórico. Específicamente, la investigación estudia las tendencias en la literatura sobre emprendimiento social con énfasis en el contexto institucional; determinar la influencia del contexto institucional (formal e informal) en la actividad empresarial social y comercial en los países en desarrollo; determinar la influencia de factores socioculturales (instituciones informales) en la actividad empresarial social y comercial en países desarrollados y en desarrollo, durante y después de la crisis financiera; y analizar el papel del contexto institucional en la satisfacción de los emprendedores sociales en los países en desarrollo. La metodología utilizada es cuantitativa y se refiere principalmente a las estimaciones de diversas ecuaciones (regresiones logísticas, efectos marginales y regresión de mínimos cuadrados parciales). Por lo tanto, para la ecuación que trata sobre instituciones y emprendimiento, esta investigación empleó datos del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) y una base primaria de emprendedores sociales en México, para medir diferentes variables de la actividad emprendedora. Los principales hallazgos de esta tesis revelan que efectivamente existe una relación que va desde el contexto institucional, incidiendo en el emprendimiento social. De esta manera, se encuentra que las instituciones informales (carrera emprendedora, modelo a seguir, impacto mediático, oportunidades percibidas, miedo al fracaso y habilidades emprendedoras) son más importantes para el emprendimiento que las formales (regulaciones, leyes y políticas gubernamentales). Asimismo, estos resultados apoyan la importancia de los factores institucionales para la actividad emprendedora social. Finalmente, esta investigación tiene implicaciones teóricas y de política pública. En cuanto al debate teórico, el estudio aporta a la literatura la aplicación de la economía institucional como marco conceptual adecuado para el análisis de los determinantes ambientales que fomentan o inhiben la actividad emprendedora social en diferentes contextos. Este estudio puede aportar evidencia empírica a la idea de que la economía institucional determina y explican factores fundamentales que condicionan la satisfacción del emprendedor social. En este sentido, se ha demostrado que el emprendimiento social se ve afectado por factores institucionales y, al mismo tiempo, influye en resultados como el desarrollo social y el crecimiento económico. Por otro lado, desde una perspectiva gerencial y política, esta investigación debe ser tomada en cuenta para el diseño de políticas de apoyo al emprendimiento social en diferentes entornos considerando la influencia de las instituciones en la creación de una empresa social.
Social entrepreneurship is increasingly recognized as a crucial element for the progress of economies and society. Therefore, scholars and policy-makers have been interested in what factors might determine this phenomenon. Although several disciplines have analyzed entrepreneurship antecedents, the institutional approaches have obtained relevance due to their capacity to provide a framework in which entrepreneurs make decisions based on the context where they are embedded. This theoretical view allows to explain the institutional differences across countries. Hence, it turns out that formal and informal institutions is useful for comprehending why individuals decide to become social entrepreneurs and/or commercial entrepreneurs, and at the same time, how these institutions contribute to social entrepreneur satisfaction in developing countries. Therefore, this investigation explores the institutional factors that influence social entrepreneurial activity across developing countries, using the institutional economics perspective as the theoretical framework. Specifically, the research study the trends in the social entrepreneurship literature with emphasis on institutional context; determining the influence of institutional context (formal and informal) on social and commercial entrepreneurial activity in developing countries; determining the influence of socio-cultural factors (informal institutions) on social and commercial entrepreneurial activity in developing and developed countries, during and after the financial crisis; and analyzing the role of institutional context on social entrepreneur satisfaction in developing countries. The methodology used is quantitative and mostly regards the estimations of various equations (logistic regressions, marginal effects and Partial least squares regression). Thus, for the equation dealing with institutions and entrepreneurship, this research employed data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and a primary base of social entrepreneurs in Mexico, to measure different variables of entrepreneurial activity. The main findings of this thesis reveal that effectively there is a relationship that runs from the institutional context, influencing social entrepreneurship. In this way, it is found that the informal institutions (entrepreneurial career, role model, media impact, perceived opportunities, fear of failure, and entrepreneurial skills) are more important for entrepreneurship than the formal ones (regulations, laws, and government policies). Likewise, these results support the importance of institutional factors to social entrepreneurial activity. Finally, this research has theoretical and public policy implications. In terms of the theoretical debate, the study contributes to the literature by applying institutional economics as an appropriate conceptual framework for the analysis of the environmental determinants that foster or inhibit social entrepreneurial activity in different contexts. This study may provide empirical evidence for the idea that institutional economics not only those determinants that explain the desire to be a social entrepreneur, but also those fundamental factors that condition the social entrepreneur satisfaction. In this sense, social entrepreneurship is proven to be affected by institutional factors, and at the same time, to influence outcomes such as social development and economic growth. On the other hand, from a managerial and policy maker’ s perspective, this research should be taken into account for the design of policies to support social entrepreneurship in different environments by considering the influence of institutions on the creation of a social business.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Creació i Gestió d'Empreses
Willi, Alberto. "Corporate social responsibility in developing countries : an institutional analysis." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648947.
Повний текст джерелаSulaiman, Munshi. "Social protection and human capital accumulation in developing countries." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/227/.
Повний текст джерелаGazeaud, Jules. "Three Essays on Social Safety Nets in Developing Countries." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAD021.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis provides three empirical essays on the design and evaluation of social safety nets. Chapter 1 adds to the literature on the performances of targeting methods in general and Proxy Means Testing in particular. Using a unique survey experiment conducted in Tanzania, it investigates whether and to what degree Proxy Means Testing targeting performances are biased when household consumption data are subject to non-random errors. The results indicate that Proxy Means Testing performances are quite vulnerable to non-random errors when the objective is to target absolutely poor households, but remain largely unaffected when the objective is to target a fixed share of the population. Chapter 2 studies the impact on migration of a cash-for-work program in Comoros that randomly offered poor households cash transfers in exchange for their participation in public works projects. Using first-hand data, this chapter shows that the program increased migration to Mayotte – the neighboring and richer French Island. Between 2016 and 2018, treated households received up to USD320 in cash and, as a result, were three percentage points more likely to have a household member migrating to Mayotte (a statistically significant 38 percent increase relative to the control group). This result appears to be driven by the alleviation of liquidity and risk constraints to migration. Chapter 3 explores the productive effects of cash-for-work programs in the context of the Productive Safety Net Project in Ethiopia. With more than 8 million beneficiaries, the Productive Safety Net Project is among the largest safety net programs in Africa. It is also often considered as Africa’s largest climate change adaptation program due to its focus on activities such as land improvements and soil and water conservation measures. This chapter relies on satellite and geo-referenced data to evaluate the effects of these activities and overcome the lack of household data. Difference-in-differences estimates covering whole Ethiopia over the 2000-2013 period show no evidence to support that public works had measurable impacts on agricultural productivity and resilience to climate shocks
Teixeira, Rivanda Meira. "Small business and social responsibility in Brazil." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309639.
Повний текст джерелаBenitez, Mauricio Moron. "Assessment of corporate social responsibility within the stakeholder theory in commercial microfinance instittutions in Bolivia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9152_1256197189.
Повний текст джерелаCurrently, some microfinance institutions in Bolivia are adopting Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), a concept whereby sompanies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and publish the results. CSR is applied mostly by big companies in the North and in sectors more in the eye of the public, such as oil production or textile and apparel. Bolivia has been the pioneer in the commercialization of microfinance through microfinance NGO transformations. The objectives of this investigation was to asses and compare the reasons why the selected Bolivian commercial MFI's were engaged, or not engaged, in CSR. Secondly, to determine which stakeholders are more relevant for each MFI analysed, assessing how they influenced the decision to adopt or not adopt CSR and thirdly, to compare the current social performance of the selected MFI's within the framework of corporate social responsibility.
Inyang, Ambrose. "A Cross-National Study of the Effects of Direct Foreign Investment on the Developmental Process of Developing Countries." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501080/.
Повний текст джерелаMorimoto, Risako. "Environmental, economic and social impacts of dams in developing countries." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251884.
Повний текст джерелаKhatri, Chhetri Surya Bahadur. "The Relationship between Human Capital and Economic Growth in Developing Countries : A Study and Analysis on Developing Countries." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34385.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Peng. "Essays on labour market in developing countries." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/278392.
Повний текст джерелаTarimo, Charles N. "ICT Security Readiness Checklist for Developing Countries : A Social-Technical Approach." Doctoral thesis, Kista : Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1354.
Повний текст джерелаAlmatarneh, Ala. "Corporate social responsibility disclosure in developing countries : the case of Jordan." Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2011. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/2999/.
Повний текст джерелаEhrhart, Hélène. "Essays on tax revenue composition in developing countries." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068978.
Повний текст джерелаChakrabarti, Debjani. "Economic freedom and social capital determinants on economic growth of developed and developing nations." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04232007-164855.
Повний текст джерелаEbireri, John Efe. "Bank market structure and industrialization : evidence from developing countries." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5297/.
Повний текст джерелаNeal, Sarah Elizabeth. "Neonatal mortality in developing countries : an analysis of trends and determinants." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72371/.
Повний текст джерелаTiwari, Meera. "Rural poverty and the role of nonfarm sector in economic development : the Indian experience." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340335.
Повний текст джерелаMASI, ANTONIO GIUSEPPE. "Social entrepreneurship implementation in developing countries: pursuing an effective blended value creation." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/972.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis aims at investigating social entrepreneurship attitude to truly act as a crucial tool in the fight against deep poverty and social disadvantages in developing countries, with a particular focus on the main challenges faced by social entrepreneurial organizations in their attempt to promote local social-economic development, while ensuring their own economic viability, and (sometimes) preserving global environment. The first part of the thesis provides a theoretical framework about social entrepreneurship landscape, with specific attention to some crucial aspects of its essence, its potentiality against poverty, and some distinctive features of its implementation process. The second part presents two empirically-based analyses carried out by using case-study method, respectively from the for-profit and the not-for-profit domains. The former investigates the processes of opportunity recognition and business model design, with the aim to highlight the divergences among social, economic, and environmental perspectives, and to understand how to combine them; the latter identifies some crucial - internal and external -variables affecting the implementation process and implying the need for a mix between charitable and business aims, approaches, and tools, for a successful blended value creation.
Olofsson, Johanna, and Isabelle Guselin. "SMEs and Social Upgrading in Developing Countries : Doing Good or Evading Responsibilities?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-302156.
Повний текст джерелаBarrientos, Armando, Valerie Moller, Joao Saboia, Peter Lloyd-Sherlock, and Julia Mase. "‘Growing’ social protection in developing countries: lessons from Brazil and South Africa." Taylor & Francis Group, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67195.
Повний текст джерелаThe rapid expansion of social protection in the South provides a rich diversity of experiences and lessons on how best to reduce poverty and ultimately eradicate it. Knowledge on how best to ‘grow’ social assistance, understood as long-term institutions responsible for reducing and preventing poverty, is at a premium. This article examines the expansion of social assistance in Brazil and South Africa, two of the middle income countries widely perceived to have advanced furthest in ‘growing’ social protection. It examines three aspects: the primacy of politics in explaining the expansion of social protection and assistance, the tensions between path-dependence and innovation in terms of institutions and practices, and the poverty and inequality outcomes of social assistance expansion. The article concludes by drawing the main lessons for other developing countries.
Stedman, Joseph B. "Constraints on Adoption of Innovations: Internet Availability in the Developing World." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5606/.
Повний текст джерелаOgba, Ike. "Organisational commitment in developing countries : the case of Nigeria." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2007. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/416/.
Повний текст джерелаMeller, Marian. "Essays on Education, Gender, and Child Health in Developing Countries." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/38709.
Повний текст джерелаAquesta tesi tracta de diferents reptes polítics amb relació a la formació del capital humà de nens i nenes a països en vies de desenvolupament. Basat en un disseny quasi-experimental, el primer capítol analitza una iniciativa nacional a l'Índia rural que tenia com a objectiu reduir les desigualtats de gènere en l'escolarització primària a través de l'oferta. El conjunt de recursos escolars dirigits a noies dins del marc de la intervenció va augmentar les taxes d'inscripició escolar i va reduir-ne la diferència de gènere. La segona part avalua un programa de nutrició infantil a l'Equador. La intervenció va fer disminuir la taxa de mortalitat i va suposar més consultes de salut entre els nens i nenes a les comunitats de tractament. L'últim capítol investiga com les llars a les Filipines s'ajusten a malalties d'infantesa primerenca. Els costos a curt termini associats amb la feina maternal perduda i les despeses de salut són estadísticament significatius, però de mida limitada.
Jenkins, Robert. "Addressing the social exclusion of children from primary education : country analyses of India and Mozambique." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520946.
Повний текст джерелаMadani, Hamed. "Socioeconomic Development and Military Policy Consequences of Third World Military and Civilian Regimes, 1965-1985." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277872/.
Повний текст джерелаDhliwayo, Nyaradzo. "Social sustainability of biogas production in Sogwala village, lower Gweru district, Zimbabwe." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1459.
Повний текст джерелаAfranie-Amanoh, Mercy. "Privatisation of telecommunications and its implications for development in developing countries." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0027/MQ50918.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSingh, Abhijeet. "Essays on human capital formation in developing countries." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:25d55dd1-464e-497b-952c-5b456036dc5d.
Повний текст джерелаClement, Jessica. "The evolution of economic and political institutions in developing countries." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E005/document.
Повний текст джерелаAs nations around the world become closer and increasingly interdependent, the changing global context requires a parallel advancement of academic research. Theories developed for advanced democracies in the twentieth century now require complimentary additions, or perhaps diverging counterparts, to help explain the developmental processes of developing countries. To address these changes, scholars have created new theories or extended old ones to consider developing countries. However, despite the positive and thorough advancements thus far, the dynamic nature of countries undergoing development and transition, both economic and political, means that the work is far from finished. The literature on institutional developments in the political economy for advanced democracies is, while still evolving, well established. The theories supporting the research within this thesis rely on comparative capitalism studies and the varieties of capitalism approach focused on advanced democracies. The purpose of this thesis is, using the key tenants of comparative capitalism and the varieties of capitalism theory, to expand this literature to developing countries. After the introduction found in chapter one, chapter two suggests that developing countries with more coordinated economies should have more proportional electoral rule systems, which are a type of political institution. Chapter three continues along the idea of this subject by suggesting that these coordinated economies, which have more proportional electoral rules systems, according to chapter two, should produce more generous welfare states with higher government spending and more optimal welfare outcomes, such as low inequalities and low levels of poverty. This connective story can be explained by the co-evolution of economic and political institutions. In order to understand more deeply welfare state formation and variety, along with how welfare generosity affects welfare outcomes in developing countries, chapter four takes a closer look at one region in particular, Sub-Saharan Africa
Tzeng, Cheng-Hua 1973. "Growing entrepreneurial firms in developing countries : the interplay of the state, the market and the social sector." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102829.
Повний текст джерелаThe research setting is the information technology (IT) industries in China and Taiwan, each of which has had impressive performance when compared with their counterparts in other developing countries. This study differentiates the growth of entrepreneurial firms into three stages, getting started, getting there, and staying there, and proceeds to analyze the comparative-historical experiences of six IT firms, three in China and three in Taiwan. The firms in China are the Advanced Technology Service Division (ATSD), Lenovo Computer, and Great Wall Computer. The firms in Taiwan are United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC), Acer, and Vanguard International Semiconductor (VIS).
It is found that at the stage of getting started, the government tends to be key among the three sectors, and can broadly influence the firms' entrepreneurial intent by building the national institution context, and more specifically through industrial policies. At the stage of getting there, the domestic social sector becomes more salient, and can transfer technology to entrepreneurial firms either from abroad or from their own research; they can also help defend entrepreneurial firms in intellectual property disputes with multinational firms. At the stage of staying there, due to their advanced technology, multinationals as forces in the market become more prevalent, and can enhance or destroy the capability of entrepreneurial firms. Overall, the state can act as context builder, champion and confronter; the social sector can play the roles of capability builder and capability defender, while the market, via multinational firms, can play the roles of capability destroyer and capability enhancer.
Femina, Devi. "Workplace social capital, job satisfaction and workplace performance in developed and developing countries." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/workplace-social-capital-job-satisfaction-and-workplace-performance-in-developed-and-developing-countries(9323de21-3677-452c-9546-dbb6d350d8c8).html.
Повний текст джерелаPoulsen, Lauge N. Skovgaard. "Sacrificing sovereignty by chance : investment treaties, developing countries, and bounded rationality." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/141/.
Повний текст джерелаPatsatsia, Gvantsa, and Tamar Dzimistarishvili. "The effects of CSR of banks on customer attitudes in developing countries." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21239.
Повний текст джерелаMagrus, Abdelhamid Ali Ali. "Corporate governance practices in developing countries : the case of Libya." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2012. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/3286/.
Повний текст джерелаAlbala-Bertrand, Jose Miguel. "Natural disasters : a framework of economic and social effects with reference to developing countries." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284524.
Повний текст джерелаGill, J. S. "Traditional fuels and cooking stoves in developing countries : a technical, social and environmental assessment." Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355644.
Повний текст джерелаCras, Patrik, and Christer Rosén. "Can income security enhance growth in developing countries? : A study of the effects on economic growth of income support programs for the unemployed and elderly in developing countries." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7013.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper addresses the question if income security can enhance economic growth in developing countries? It takes its starting point in the income security problems of a developing country and summarizes evidence from published empirical research on formal income security mechanisms. We conclude that the findings on incomes security efficiency effects are ambiguous. A limited econometric study based on data from Chile is carried out with a regression showing that social securities total effect on economic growth is negative but more econometric research on total effect on growth are needed to give a definite answer.
Strydom, J. (Joyce). "Cultural factors and implementation of ergonomics in developing countries : (an industrial psychological study of selected cultural factors with specific reference to the transfer of technology within the eastern Mpumalanga Province, one of nine provinces of South Africa)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51669.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: When considering the attitude of a workforce towards their work and ways of increasing their motivation, attention must be given to their culture. Attitudes within In this study the influence of culture on the implementation of ergonomics was studied with specific reference to the transfer of technology in developing countries. Cultural diversity factors such as language/communication, religious beliefs, anthropometrics, educational background time, ethnicity values, attitude and values was measured using a specially designed questionnaire. It was completed by eighteen managers representing seven large industries in the Mpumalanga province. The cultural factor with the highest significance was 'time'. Others with high significance were educational background, attitude, language/communication and values. Ethnicity values, anthropometrics and religious beliefs were cultural factors which was not considered to be significant, however the population was very small and it is considered that they do contribute towards the implementation of ergonomICS. Training, imported technology and management are external factors, which make a useful and practical contribution to the subject of Ergonomics and the implementation thereof in organizations. If understood, cultural factors provide a much richer environment and different viewpoints, which can increase productivity by the effective use of technology. an organization are due to the attitudes that exist in the culture from which the members of the organization have come. Management practices, therefore, must cope with the attitudes and prejudices of the cultures within the organization. These cultures have been influenced by many factors like religious doctrine and history, not primarily concerned with the efficiency and productivity of the organization. Ergonomics aim at the optimization of the interaction between human and machine and the operating environment. This can provide the information necessary to promote an acceptable and efficient interaction between human-machine and environment in any form of a human-at-work system. In the process of technology transfer from Industrial Developed Countries to Industrial Developing Countries, emphasis is laid on economic progress. Although improvement of the economic situation and the standard of living is important to achieve, neglecting ergonomic considerations is both economically expensive and socially disturbing, thus creating negative effects in the country acquiring the technology. Ergonomics serve as a link between human factor considerations and the transfer of technology. A comprehensive systems model of Ergonomics was used, which indicates the interaction between facets emphasizing information as a core dynamic process, which can be useful to ensure optimality of choices of technology.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wanneer 'n werkerskorps ondersoek word met betrekking tot hul houdings teenoor werk en wyses om hul motivering te verhoog, moet aandag geskenk word aan hul kultuur. Houdings binne 'n organisasie ontstaan uit houdings wat reeds bestaan in die kultuur waaruit lede van die organisasie oorspronklik kom. Bestuurspraktyke moet die houdinge en bevooroordelings van kulture binne die organisasie hanteer. Hierdie kulture is beYnvloed deur vele faktore soos geloofsdoktrines en geskiedenis wat nie primer gerig is op die effektiwiteit en produktiwiteit van die organisasie nie. Ergonomika het ten doel die optimisering van die interaksie tussen mens en masjien en die omgewing van funksionering, wat die nodige inligting kan voorsien wat nodig is om aanvaarbare en effektiewe interaksie te bewerkstellig tussen mens, masjien en die omgewing ten opsige van enige mens-by-sy-werk sisteem. In die proses van tegnologiese oordrag vanaf Industriele Ontwikkelde Lande na Industriele Ontwikkelende Lande, word klem gele op ekonomiese vooruitgang. Alhoewel verbetering van die ekonomiese situasie en 'n verhoging van die standaard van lewe belangrik is om te bereik, sal die verwaardlosing van ergonomiese oorwegings beide ekonomies duur en sosiaal verontrustend wees en gevolglik negatiewe effekte veroorsaak binne die land wat die tegnologie moet verkry. Ergonomika dien as 'n skakel tussen die menslike faktor oorwegings en die oordrag van tegnologie. 'n Omvattende sisteem model van Ergonomika dui op die interaksie tussen belangrike fasette van inligting as 'n dinamiese kern proses wat bruikbaar kan wees by die optimisering van keuses van tegnologie. In hierdie studie word die invloed van kulturele faktore op die implementering van ergonomika bestudeer met spesifieke verwysing na die oordrag van tegnologie. Kulturele diversiteitsfaktore soos taal/kommunikasie, gelowe, antropometrie, opvoedkundige agtergrond, tyd, etniese waardes, houding en waardes is gemeet deur 'n spesiaal ontwerpte vraelys. Dit is voltooi deur agtien bestuurders wat sewe groot industriee in die Mpumalanga provinsie verteenwoordig. Die kulturele faktor wat as die mees beduidend gemeet het is 'tyd'. Ander beduidende faktore is opvoedkundige agtergrond, houdings, taal/kommunikasie en waardes. Nie beduidende faktore naamlik, etnisiteit, antropometrie en gelowe is weI beskou as bydraend in die implementering van ergonomika aangesien die populasie wat gemeet is as relatief klein beskou kan word en moontlik in 'n groter populasie as beduidend kon meet. Opleiding, ingevoerde tegnologie en bestuur is eksterne faktore wat 'n waardevolle en praktiese bydrae maak tot die vakgebied en die implementering van Ergonomika. Kulturele diversiteit voorsien 'n ryk omgewing met verskillende uitgangspunte en indien dit verstaan word kan dit lei tot verhoogde produktiwiteit deur verbeterde gebruik van tegnologie.
Kapan, Leyla. "Economic growth- A matter of trust? : An empirical investigation of the relationship between social capital and economic growth in developed and developing countries." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43851.
Повний текст джерелаMainali, Brijesh. "Renewable Energy Market for Rural Electrification in Developing Countries: Country Case Nepal." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33201.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20110502
Ntaote, Grace Makeletso. "Exploring ways of assisting Lesotho educators to offer care and support to children orphaned and rendered vulnerable by HIV and AIDS." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1320.
Повний текст джерелаNgonzi, Tibuhinda T. "Theorizing ICT-based social innovation on development in the context of developing countries of Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20479.
Повний текст джерелаDias, Batista Edgard. "Bicycle Sharing in Developing Countries : A proposal towards sustainable transportation in Brazilian median cities." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33511.
Повний текст джерелаwww.ima.kth.se
Chennells, Roger Scarlin. "Equitable access to human biological resources in developing countries : benefit sharing without undue inducement." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2014. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/10634/.
Повний текст джерелаGraziani, Garcia Meldin R. "Eliminating the glass ceiling how micro-financing empowers women and alleviates the effects of poverty in developing countries." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4904.
Повний текст джерелаID: 029808766; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-113).
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Reiter, Sandra L. "The institutions of foreign direct investment in developing countries and social/economic outcomes : a justice perspective /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8708.
Повний текст джерелаAl, Rahbi Hafedh Said Abdullah. "Factors influencing social media adoption in small and medium enterprises (SMEs)." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/14514.
Повний текст джерелаSwart, Ignatius 1965. "The churches and the development debate : the promise of a fourth generation approach." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51946.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to think anew about the involvement of the Christian churches in strategic development. The author undertook such an exercise in an abstract and general manner, not by undertaking specific case studies, but by applying various development and social sciences debates to come to a new understanding of the churches' meaningful participation in the broad area of development. The notion of the churches as 'idea' and 'value' institutions in the field of development was particularly developed. The study found its critical point of departure in the ecumenical theological debate on development over the last four decades. The first three chapters show how the charity-development juxtaposition in ecumenical development discourse problematises and frames the historical and actual participation of the churches in development. It is indicated that this discourse poses a critical theoretical and ideological challenge not only to the churches' socio-economic involvement through charity, but also to the mainstream secular development enterprise. It is concluded through the pragmatic debate in the broader ecumenical development discourse that an enduring divide exists between progressive theoretical thinking on the churches' participation in development and the actual development practices of the churches. It is concluded, akin to an historical charity involvement, that the churches have, generally speaking, been over-investing in project approaches to development at the cost of modes of engagement which highlight an idea- and value-centred development praxis. In chapters four to seven the argument is further developed through the conceptual framework of third and fourth generation development strategies. Through ideas on this conceptual framework, which were first formulated by David Korten in NGO and peoplecentred development debates, but which have also been extended to broader 'alternative' development and social sciences debates within the analytic framework of this study, the idea- and value-centred perspective in this study was further worked out and applied to the churches. It is concluded that the conceptual framework of third generation development strategies poses an appropriate (public) challenge to the churches to become involved in the policy-making, managerial and organisational processes of development. In contrast to a 'politics of limited space' which the third generation mode presents to the churches, it is maintained that the 'unlimited political space' of the fourth generation mode of development involvement is more appropriate to the churches. It is argued that the churches could most effectively and meaningfully participate in the new transnational social movement 'value' and 'idea' politics (e.g. peace, human rights, women, environment, democracy, people-centred development) prioritised in the fourth generation strategic perspective. This argument is further worked out in the final chapter through the proposal of four beacons of action that may guide the churches to become meaningful participants in fourth (and third) generation strategic development action, namely (i) the new social movements, (ii) the new communication solidarities, (iii) alternative development policy, and (iv) 'soft culture'.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om opnuut te dink oor die strategiese betrokkenheid van die kerke in ontwikkeling. Die skrywer het sodanige oefening op 'n abstrakte en algemene wyse onderneem deur geen spesifieke gevalle studies te doen nie, maar deur verskeie ontwikkelings- en sosiaal wetenskaplike debatte toe te pas om tot 'n nuwe verstaan van die kerke se betekenisvolle deelname in die breë veld van ontwikkeling te kom. Die konsep van die kerke as 'idee' en 'waarde' instellings in die veld van ontwikkeling is spesifiek ontwikkel. Die studie het die ekumeniese teologiese debat oor ontwikkeling van die laaste vier dekades as kritiese vertrekpunt geneem. In die eerste drie hoofstukke word aangetoon hoe die barmhartigheid-ontwikkeling jukstaposisie in die ekumeniese ontwikkelingsdiskoers die historiese en teenswoordige deelname van die kerke in ontwikkeling problematiseer en bepaal. Daar word aangedui hoe hierdie diskoers nie slegs 'n kritiese teoretiese en ideologiese uitdaging aan die kerke se sosioekonomiese betrokkenheid deur middel van barmhartigheidswerk bied nie, maar ook aan die hoofstroom sekulêre ontwikkelingsonderneming. Aan die hand van die pragmatiese debat in die breër ekumeniese ontwikkelingsdiskoers word die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat daar 'n blywende skeiding bestaan tussen progressiewe teoretiese denke oor die kerke se deelname aan ontwikkeling en die teenswoordige ontwikkelingspraktyke van die kerke. Daar word gekonkludeer dat die kerke op 'n soortgelyke wyse as hulle historiese betrokkenheid deur middel van barmhartigheidswerk in die algemeen oorgeïnvesteer het in projek benaderings tot ontwikkeling ten koste van maniere van betrokkenheid wat 'n idee en waarde gesentreerde ontwikkelingspraktyk beklemtoon. In hoofstukke vier tot sewe word die argument verder ontwikkel aan die hand van die konseptuele raamwerk van derde en vierde generasie ontwikkelingstrategieë. Aan die hand van idees oor hierdie konseptuele raamwerk, wat eerstens deur David Korten in NRO en mensgesentreerde ontwikkelingsdebatte geformuleer is, maar binne die analitiese raamwerk van hierdie studie ook neerslag vind in wyer 'alternatiewe' ontwikkelings- en sosiaal wetenskaplike debatte, is die idee en waarde gesentreerde perspektief in die studie verder uitgewerk en toegepas op die kerke. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat die konseptuele raamwerk van derde generasie ontwikkelingstrategieë 'n gepaste (publieke) uitdaging aan die kerke bied om betrokke te raak by die beleidmakende, bestuurs- en organisatoriese prosesse van ontwikkeling. Teenoor 'n 'politiek van beperkte ruimte' wat die derde generasie wyse van betrokkenheid vir die kerke verteenwoordig, word volgehou dat die 'onbeperkte politieke ruimte' van die vierde generasie wyse van betrokkenheid meer gepas is vir die kerke. Daar word geargumenteer dat die kerke op 'n mees effektiewe en betekenisvolle wyse sou kon deelneem aan die 'waarde' en 'idee' politiek (bv. vrede, mense regte, vroue, omgewing, demokrasie, mensgesentreede ontwikkeling) wat in die vierde generasie strategiese perspektief voorrang geniet. Hierdie argument word verder uitgewerk in die finale hoofstuk deur die voorstel van vier bakens van aksie wat as rigtingwyser kan dien vir die kerke se voorgenome betekenisvolle deelname in vierde (en derde) generasie strategiese ontwikkelingsaksie, naamlik (i) die nuwe sosiale bewegings, (ii) die nuwe kommunikasie solidariteite, (iii) alternatiewe ontwikkelingsbeleid en (iv) 'sagte kultuur'.