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1
KIM, KYUNGSURK. "Tecnological Innovation in Korean Manufacturing Firms: Determinants and Effects." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1492.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sin dalla fine degli anni 90 la Corea ha iniziato a basare la propria strategia di sviluppo economico sull’importanza delgli investimenti in R&D e oggi il paese puo’ essere considerato tra i paesi OCSE con i maggiori tassi di investimento. Tale risultato e’ stato raggiunto principalmente attraverso una forte specializzazione nei settori ad alta intensita’ di tali investimenti. Ciononostante sono recentemente emersi alcuni problemi cruciali legati alle politiche per R&D. Tra gli altri la disoccupazione giovanile legata all’effetto labour-saving delle innovazioni, la forte specializzazione in industrie ad alta tecnologia, e l’eccessiva importanza attribuita alla ricerca. Le tre questioni vengono analizzate in questo lavoro utilizzando dati a livello di impresa. Il primo contributo tratta degli effetti di R&D sull’occupazione. Le evidenze suggeriscono che tale effetto e’ inesistente nelle imprese Coreane. Il secondo conributo prende in esame la produttivita’ degli investimenti in ricerca. I risultati mostrano che tali investimenti hanno effetti non solo sulle imprese ad alta tecnologia ma anche in altri settori. Nel terzo contributo si studia il comportamento innovativo delle imprese prestando attenzione alle imprese giovani. Per queste imprese, infatti, le evidenze mostrano che investimenti in ricerca fatti internamente non sono cosi’ importanti per la produzione di innovazione.Since 1990s Korea has started to ground the strategy for economic growth upon the role of R&D and nowadays the country shall be considered among top R&D investors in the OECD countries. This result has been achieved mainly through strong specialization in R&D-intensive industries. Nonetheless some critical issues related to R&D policy have recently emerged; Among others the problem of youth unemployment related to the labour-saving effect of innovation, the excessive specialization in high-tech industries and the magnified importance attributed to R&D. The three issues are accordingly investigated in this work by using data at the firm level. The first contribution concerns the effect of R&D investments on employment. The aim of the work is to test for the existence of a labour-saving effect of R&D investments. The evidence suggests that such an effect does not characterize Korean firms. Second contribution examines the productivity of knowledge capital. The results indicate that R&D affects firms’ productivity not only in high-tech industries but also in other sectors. In the third contribution the innovative behavior of firms is studied paying attention to young firms. In these, in fact, the evidence reveals that internal R&D is not as important for the production of innovation.
2
KIM, KYUNGSURK. "Tecnological Innovation in Korean Manufacturing Firms: Determinants and Effects." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1492.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sin dalla fine degli anni 90 la Corea ha iniziato a basare la propria strategia di sviluppo economico sull’importanza delgli investimenti in R&D e oggi il paese puo’ essere considerato tra i paesi OCSE con i maggiori tassi di investimento. Tale risultato e’ stato raggiunto principalmente attraverso una forte specializzazione nei settori ad alta intensita’ di tali investimenti. Ciononostante sono recentemente emersi alcuni problemi cruciali legati alle politiche per R&D. Tra gli altri la disoccupazione giovanile legata all’effetto labour-saving delle innovazioni, la forte specializzazione in industrie ad alta tecnologia, e l’eccessiva importanza attribuita alla ricerca. Le tre questioni vengono analizzate in questo lavoro utilizzando dati a livello di impresa. Il primo contributo tratta degli effetti di R&D sull’occupazione. Le evidenze suggeriscono che tale effetto e’ inesistente nelle imprese Coreane. Il secondo conributo prende in esame la produttivita’ degli investimenti in ricerca. I risultati mostrano che tali investimenti hanno effetti non solo sulle imprese ad alta tecnologia ma anche in altri settori. Nel terzo contributo si studia il comportamento innovativo delle imprese prestando attenzione alle imprese giovani. Per queste imprese, infatti, le evidenze mostrano che investimenti in ricerca fatti internamente non sono cosi’ importanti per la produzione di innovazione.Since 1990s Korea has started to ground the strategy for economic growth upon the role of R&D and nowadays the country shall be considered among top R&D investors in the OECD countries. This result has been achieved mainly through strong specialization in R&D-intensive industries. Nonetheless some critical issues related to R&D policy have recently emerged; Among others the problem of youth unemployment related to the labour-saving effect of innovation, the excessive specialization in high-tech industries and the magnified importance attributed to R&D. The three issues are accordingly investigated in this work by using data at the firm level. The first contribution concerns the effect of R&D investments on employment. The aim of the work is to test for the existence of a labour-saving effect of R&D investments. The evidence suggests that such an effect does not characterize Korean firms. Second contribution examines the productivity of knowledge capital. The results indicate that R&D affects firms’ productivity not only in high-tech industries but also in other sectors. In the third contribution the innovative behavior of firms is studied paying attention to young firms. In these, in fact, the evidence reveals that internal R&D is not as important for the production of innovation.
3
Lim, Cheng Hwa. "Determinants of technological innovation : an exploratory study of the Asia-Pacific rim electronics manufacturing industry." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1997. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26635.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The rapid progress of the Asia-Pacific rim countries during the past three decades has attracted world-wide attention, especially in the field of technological innovation. By the mid 1980's, researchers had acknowledged that the Asia-Pacific rim region had redefined the global balance of competition while at the same time, the western nations were suffering a decline in world market share. The perspective of the Asia-Pacific rim thinking tends to gravitate towards an endogenous model, where factors are more amenable to the influence of the organisation. An investigation by the World Bank on East Asia (including Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong) has uncovered emphatic evidence that the three dimensions propounded by Ohmae's model of people,finance and assets have been instrumental in enabling these economies "to acquire and master technology".This research explores the philosophy and strategic thinking of the Asia-Pacific rim electronics manufacturing industry with respect to the determinants of technological innovation. The study is divided into three major phases. The initial phase examines the respective strands of literature pertaining to the strategic issues of technological innovation. Special attention has been focused on the functional utilisation of people,finance and assets within the perspective of the Asia-Pacific rim electronics industry, leading to a broad-based framework for the study. Phase two is comprised of two main activities: the first involves exploratory interviews with four notable electronics companies and the second has entailed the gathering of data from 111 companies within the five Asia-Pacific rim countries (Japan, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong) operating in Singapore and the United Kingdom, by means of a mailed questionnaire survey. Phase three involves qualitative as well as quantitative analyses where statistical methods such as one-way ANOVA, Chi-square test and t-tests have been undertaken to verify the data gathered from the primary research. The findings have uncovered that there are several determinants that are associated with the high rate of successful technological innovation in the sampled companies. For the people's dimension, there has been a high emphasis on training, resulting in a "nurtured" model of a worker, where numerous process innovations have been initiated by trained shop-floor technicians and engineers. At group working levels, various discussion groups (such as quality control circles and productivity discussion groups) have given rise to a collective learning process where shared knowledge enabled new products and processes to be innovated more rapidly than in the conventional departmentalised models. Other aspects of group dynamics has been the continuity (or smooth transition of innovative ideas) and good communications between functional groups thus acceleratingtechnological innovation. For the assets' dimension, the strategic foci have been shifted toautomation, flexible manufacturing process and increasing usage of information technology (including both computer hardware and software) so that new products can be brought to the market faster through the intelligent deployment of such assets and know-how. Finally, funds were found to have been allocated to expedite innovation through investment in R & D and staff training.
4
Becker, Bettina. "The determinants of investment in research and development in a panel of UK manufacturing industries." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428743.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis attempts to identify some of the determinants of R&D investment in UK manufacturing industries in the 1990s, a decade in which R&D intensity in the UK declined. We begin with a summary of the key driving factors that emerge from the current empirical literature on R&D determinants, most of which has utilized firm level data. We then estimate an econometric panel model of R&D investment. Industry characteristics such as sales and profitability, product market competition, macroeconomic factors such as the real interest and exchange rates, and thecomposition of R&D expenditure and funding are found to be important. The thesis examines the sensitivity of the results to specification, functional form, and estimation method. In a next step, we acknowledge that the pooled estimates considered in our analysis and in most existing studies will not provide reliable estimates of individual effects when the parameters are heterogeneous. Moreover, they may not even be consistent estimates of the average in this case. Evidence from a principal components analysis suggests there may be significant differences between high-tech and low-tech R&D determinants, and hence we move on to test the validity of the pooling assumption in our panel. We find that government funding is significant only for low-tech R&D, whilst skilled labour and foreign R&D matter only in high-tech sectors. Foreign R&D accounts for a substantial amount of total R&D. Considering its impOliance, we move on to investigate its determinants. We find that this pmi of total R&D is sensitive to exchange rate unceliainty effects. Differences between the high-tech and low-tech components do not appear to be as robust for foreign R&D as for the total. We conclude this part with an account of the potential implications for the differences between the domestic and foreign parts of total R&D.
5
Wan, Jusoh Wan Jamaliah. "Determinants of success in new product development : an exploratory investigation of manufacturing companies in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301567.
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6
Rosique, Francisco. "The determinants of corporate growth." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/918.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Corporate Growth is a concept that has been widely treated in a specific way or as part of strategy theories, in definition and in econometric models and has also been studied in many different aspects and approaches. The author describes in depth the main variables affecting corporate growth and the underlying business processes. This empirical research has focused on Sales, Profit-Cash Flow, Risk, Created Shareholder Value, Market Value and Overall Performance econometric models. These panel data models are based on the 500 Companies of the Standard & Poor’s 500. The methodology used has been very strict in identifying exogenous variables, walking through the different alternative econometric models, discussing results, and, in the end, describing the practical implications in today’s business corporate management. We basically assume that the Functions/Departments act independently in the same company, many times with different objectives, and in this situation clear processes are key to clarify the situations, roles and responsibilities. We also assume that growth implies interactions among the different functions in a company and the CEO acts to lead and coach his immediate Directors as a referee of the key conflicts through his Operating Mechanism. The objective of this PhD Dissertation is to clarify the business priorities and identify the most relevant variables in every process leading to the highest efficiency in reaching a sustainable and profitable growth. It covers the lack of academic studies on the nature and specific driving factors of corporate growth and provides a working framework for Entrepreneurs and Management leading to the Company’s success.
7
Teshome, Kagnew. "Production Transformation and Sectoral Engine of Growth Drive: a Comparative Exploration on Sub-Saharan Africa and Asian Economies." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1212494.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The doctoral dissertation intends to explore the level and patterns of production transformation, centering the analysis on sample economies from East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia and SSA. It consists of seven parts. The general introduction gives outline of the research theme, claims (problem statement), objectives and research questions. It also introduces the motivation, content and contributions of each of the six parts to the dissertation.
Part two intends to give conceptual discussions on production transformation and to review relevant theoretical strands on structural transformation and structural change. The aim is to grasp useful insights on how the dynamic evolution of the production structure of an economy towards the increasing returns sector (chiefly manufacturing) pertains to employment creation, cumulative productivity increases and sustainable development.
As a continuation of part two, part three seeks to discuss sectoral role of growth, framing the analytical framework in favor of the dynamic synergetic relationship between sectors (which is related to the multi-sectoral multiplier approach). With the aim at contributing to the debate on sector-led development route and wealth creation in today’s low-income economies that failed to have their own industrialization imitating the advanced economies as well as to the debate on industrialization and service transformation, part three devotes to critically and thoroughly review the tenet of the different theoretical strands (past and present) on engine of growth hypothesis. It contributes to the industrialization or the production transformation and development literature by synthesizing the role of manufacturing and other sectors (agriculture and services) to economic development and poverty reduction in the developing economies context in SSA and Asia. The lengthy discussion of part three vindicated the existence of a synergetic relation between economic sectors and production activities [and the “stimulus complement” role of services to manufacturing] through addressing hosts of questions.
The remaining parts of the dissertation were intended to validate the proposed synergetic relationship between economic sectors as well as the “stimulus complement” role of services to manufacturing rather than substitute to it. The possibility for synergetic relationship between manufacturing and services activities in the transformation and development process has been missing or received very little attention in the debate hitherto – advocates of each sector completely ignore or place little focus on the existence of a dynamic synergetic relationship between them. The dissertation calls for synergy because everything is interconnected in the economic system. One cannot discuss about development without acknowledging structural heterogeneity of the economy. So, it is difficult to separately discuss or define anything clearly; difficult to draw stylized fact with respect to sectoral role in economic transformation and development process that is clear and accepted by all. This is simply because synergy by its conception involves logging a middle course between polarized ideas (extremes). In short, synergy rejects extremes and often calls for the ‘middle way,’ neither too far to the right nor to the left. Often the truth in real world production is neither one alternative nor the other but both. Choosing synergy generally requires one to accept ambiguity, uncertainty, mystery and paradox. For instance, manufacturing has indispensable role in the economy; but, agriculture should not be marginalize and belittled, nor services be ignored. The economy needs both, despite manufacturing conventionally has special place to play pivotal role than others.
8
Mwiinga, Mwiinga. "Determinants of exports in Zambia’s Manufacturing Sector." Thesis, University Of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29942.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The cyclical price movements of primary products exported from Zambia has placed the
country at a disadvantage. This stems mainly from the fact that lower prices of primary
commodities have had negative effects on the balance of payments and the developmental
agenda of the Zambian government. It is therefore important that efforts are made by the
government to move towards supporting product sophistication, primarily focusing on the
growth of industries that offer the greatest possible impact. In this regard, the growth of the
manufacturing sector becomes of the utmost importance. This is mainly because the more the
manufacturing sector is developed, the greater the technological transfer which will in turn
facilitate product sophistication. This will also mitigate the dependency on exports of primary
commodities such as copper, and make the economy less susceptible to cyclical price
movements of primary commodities. It was therefore important that the study investigated the determinants of export performance in Zambia’s manufacturing sector. Variables analysed included Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), inflation rate, exchange rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and lending rates. The study utilised the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and the Auto Regressive Distributive Lag techniques to capture the dynamic relationships. The results revealed that Inflation and FDI were statistically significant. It was further observed that inflation was negatively related to exports in manufacturing sector. FDI, on the other hand, was positively related to exports in the manufacturing sector in the long run. GDP and lending rates were statistically insignificant, which could be as a result of the openness of the economy and low productive capacity. One of the key recommendations made was for government to effectively manage its policies in a way that maximises FDI inflows, whilst minimising inflation to effectively create a favourable macroeconomic environment for the sustained growth of the manufacturing sector. It was further observed that FDI, GDP and Inflation rate jointly affected exports in the manufacturing sector, therefore confirming that the three variables do have a joint effect on exports in the long run.
9
Matraves, Catherine. "The determinants of market structure in manufacturing industry." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320835.
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10
Baskaya, B. Z. "Major determinants of private manufacturing investment in Turkey." Thesis, University of Bath, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371235.
Повний текст джерела
11
Rankin, Neil A. "The determinants of manufacturing exports from sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416764.
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12
Kuusisto, Jari Heikki. "The determinants of service capability in small manufacturing firms." Thesis, Kingston University, 2000. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20653/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The service component of manufacturing activities has largely been neglected. Small firms are of particular interest because services are often seen as especially critical in establishing their competitive advantage. Drawing on data from face-to-face interviews with the owner-managers of Finnish and UK small printing firms and their employees and professional print buyers, this study addresses the earlier neglect by offering a theorised analysis of service capability in printing firms, that is the role and scope of the services within the manufacturing context as mediated through customer-firm interaction. Although the interviewees perceived services as being important, the findings show that their role and character varied among firms, depending on the type of product, customer characteristics and other factors including national differences. However, quality, price and delivery always had to be taken into account in service provision. The conceptualisations of, and importance attached to, these elements varied and often contradicted each other in practice. A concept, 'the printer's triangle', was valuable in analyzing the multiple perspectives and in showing the differing strategies employed in service provision when quality, price, delivery and other factors were included. In some instances, long-term customer relations were crucial to service delivery. In others, product type and infrequent interaction with customers accompanied differing service forms. UK firms stressed the importance of cost efficiency and flexible labour strategies while Finnish firms relied more on self managing staff and the latest technology in delivering services. Innovative products were especially important in developing added value services in Finland. However, most firms in the study offered products and services where short delivery times and competitive prices rather than added value services were important. A key strategy used by professional buyers was the 'supplier pool', which combined long-term supplier relations with competition between suppliers and downward pressures on prices. The findings and theorization show services as being integral to printing but subject to variations in managerial strategies, internal operational constraints, market and customer characteristics and national differences. The broader implications for small manufacturing firms, service and quality theorisation are outlined with suggestions for further research.
13
Wawryk, Alexandra Sophia. "The determinants of imports and profits in Australian manufacturing industries /." Title page, table of contents and introduction only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ecw356.pdf.
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14
Kahyarara, Godius. "Determinants of real earnings and productivity in Tanzanian manufacturing firms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432145.
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15
Ndemo, Elijah Bitange. "Growth determinants of micro and small manufacturing enterprises in Kenya." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392730.
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16
Bowen, Brennan P. "Manufacturing system maintenance development." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01262010-020257/.
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17
FOGLIATO, GIOVANNI. "Ertapenem Manufacturing Process Development." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1318346.
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18
Legge, M. "Determinants in preimplantation mouse development." Thesis, University of Essex, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235442.
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19
Rush, Howard Jonathan. "Determinants of diffusion of advanced manufacturing technology : implications for technology policy." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284044.
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20
Wang, Hao. "The determinants and consequences of FDI : evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14170/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using a very comprehensive Chinese firm-level data covering the period of 2000 to 2005, this thesis empirically assesses the determinants and consequences of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in China. In particular, the novelty of this research lies in our firm-level analysis which is based on a large sample of firms in 31 host provinces, allowing us to explore the question by distinguishing different modes of FDI inflows. We employ binary-choice models to estimate how institutional quality and pre-acquisition firm heterogeneity affect the probabilities of domestic firms being acquired by foreign investors. We find better institution quality encourages FDI and this effect is stronger in capital-intensive and R&D intensive industries. Moreover, in capital-intensive industries, better institutions reduce the probability of domestic firms being wholly acquired. We also find evidence of 'cherry-picking' which is stronger in capital- and R&D- intensive industries. We then apply a combination of propensity-score matching and difference-in-difference estimation to assess the effect of foreign acquisition on acquired firms with a focus on export performance, productivity and financial indicators. We find significant FDI-induced export lift and finance improvement. However, FDI-induced productivity change is not significant. Finally, we investigate whether location determinants have different effects on attracting greenfield FDI as compared to acquisition FDI. We find the industry cluster pushes greenfield FDI away due to competition effect while attracting acquisition FDI, indicating that procurement opportunities have a strong impact on acquisition FDI.
21
Gencay, Mehmet. "The Determinants Of International Competitiveness: The Case Of Turkish Manufacturing Sector." Master's thesis, Ankara : METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/750893/index.pdf.
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22
Elks, Catherine Elizabeth. "Genetic determinants of growth and development." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609971.
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23
Золотова, Світлана Григорівна, Светлана Григорьевна Золотова, Svitlana Hryhorivna Zolotova, and I. S. Marekha. "Economic determinants of sustainable development management." Thesis, Вид-во СумдУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17167.
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24
Harmstorf, Hugo Neil Arnold. "Interstate wage relativities as determinants of South Australian manufacturing : an interstate comparison /." Title page and introduction only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ech2889.pdf.
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25
Tawiri, Naser. "Determinants of domestic investment in the Libyan manufacturing sector and its impact." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2011. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/3245/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main objectives of this thesis are to examine and estimate the determinants of domestic investment (public and private) in the Libyan manufacturing sector, and to investigate the impact of domestic investment on the Libyan economy. It adds to the growing literature on the issue of economic growth and econometrics by drawing attention to several issues hitherto little considered in the existing literature. In particular, the thesis blends various aspects of economic growth with models of investment to explain and define the main factors which affect domestic investment, and how domestic investment drives economic growth in the Libyan economy. It is important to recognise that economic growth has become an important aim for all countries in the world; especially less developed countries, which require greater economic efforts to be able to deal with the current international economic climate and the challenges of globalisation: domestic investment is an exemplary element to stimulate economic growth to achieve this target. The main objective of the Libyan government has been the industrialization of Libya, principally through import substitution. Various import restrictions in the form of licensing, quotas and tariffs have provided several sub-sectors of manufacturing with a high level of protection from foreign competition. The government benefits from high levels of financial return in terms of oil revenues, and the consequent easy availability of imported raw materials and capital goods. Despite government support for investment designed to encourage import substitution and export-oriented production, Libya has continued to experience low levels of investment in the domestic manufacturing sector. The stimulus to undertake this study was a desire to explore the most important determinants of fixed investment in Libya's manufacturing sector. This study aims to identify determinants of domestic investment in both the public and private manufacturing sectors in the Libyan economy during the period 1962-2008. Furthermore, this study aimed to identify the impact of domestic investment as a determinant of growth in the Libyan economy during the period 1962-2008. Cobb- Douglas Function was used to analyze the relationship between real per-capita GDP and its most important determinants. Properties of time series of the model variables have been analyzed by using several tests for determining the integration level of each time series separately. By using the Johansen-Juselius cointegration method, the results showed that private investment is strongly and adversely affected in the longer term by changes that take place in domestic public investment in the manufacturing sector, which shows the competition factor between the private and public sectors. The results of these tests revealed an equilibrium relationship between domestic investment in the private manufacturing sector and its determinants in the long and short-run. Also, the results showed the significance of the impact of annual appropriations for the manufacturing sector and imports of machinery & capital goods on domestic investment in the public manufacturing sector, the results of these tests revealed an equilibrium relationship between domestic investment in the public manufacturing sector and its determinants in the long and short-run. Moreover, the results showed the significance of the impact of investment on per-capita GDP; the results of tests revealed an equilibrium relationship between per-capita GDP and its determinants in the long and short-run. The study concludes that the elasticity of per capita GDP to changes in domestic investment is greater than the elasticity of the labour force, which appeared inelastic in the short and long-term. According to the information available, the study and approach adopted have never been undertaken before for Libya, and therefore might contribute toward advancing knowledge and enhancing investment policy, and its implementation by government and private manufacturing enterprises in Libya and other developing countries.
26
Wright, Anthony John. "Measures and determinants of productivity growth in the South African manufacturing sector." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002754.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The neoclassical "sources-of-growth" approach is applied to derive total factor productivity (TFP) growth measures for manufacturing industries in South Africa. Although South Africa's recorded industrial TFP growth measures have been persistently low in absolute terms, this performance is not significantly worse than the industrial TFP growth performance of other developing countries. In some periods there is evidence of a significant variability in TFP performance across industries. The measures also indicate that TFP growth has worsened in the 1980s, particularly in the intermediate-capital intensive and labour intensive industries. However, there are various problems with interpreting neoclassical TFP growth measures as indicators of production efficiency. In fact, as TFP growth is derived as a residual, it may measure many factors besides production efficiency. Alternative growth theories are used to assess the fundamental determinants of productivity growth. These provide a more plausible conceptualisation of the process by which productivity growth is generated than the neoclassical growth theory does. However, this analysis also provides little empirical evidence of which underlying factors have had the most influence on productivity growth in South African manufacturing. Hence, the relative importance of possible candidates can only really be assessed qualitatively and on the basis of micro evidence. However, these assessments, and the assumptions underlying the postulated causal connections (between the identified factors and productivity growth), have a major impact on policy design. In this respect, on the basis of the framework provided by the evolutionary and other recent growth theories, various policy implications are drawn, and these are contrasted with the policy proposals of other South African analysts. This thesis concludes that policies need to be designed with the central objective of enhancing the technological capabilities of South African firms. Trade policies will not be sufficient for achieving this objective. Education and training policies, technology, competition and labour market policies are also crucial. However, since the fundamental causes of productivity growth remain somewhat of a mystery, there is a need to be sceptical of simple policy prescriptions. In this respect, this thesis is highly critical of the World Bank's position that productivity gains will be reaped from the exposure of firms to international competition that trade liberalisation policies entail.
27
Petrick, Sebastian [Verfasser]. "Determinants of energy use of manufacturing firms and private households / Sebastian Petrick." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1067098593/34.
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Savoury, Ronville D. "Influential Determinants of Internet of Things Adoption in the U.S. Manufacturing Sector." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7076.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Manufacturers have been hesitant to adopt Internet of things (IoT) due to a lack of understanding about the innovate characteristics, technology, organizational and environmental factors related to IoT adoption and how their organizations can apply IoT correctly. This quantitative, correlational study used a combination of diffusion of innovation theory and technology–organization–environment framework as the foundation to examine if a relationship exists between relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, technology readiness, top management support, firm size, competitive pressure, and regulatory support and IT leaders' intent to adopt IoT in U.S. manufacturing organizations. A sample of 168 information technology (IT) leaders from the U.S. manufacturing sectors was used. Multiple regression analysis indicated significant relationships between the intent to adopt IoT by IT leaders of manufacturing organizations and only 3 of the 8 independent variables: technology readiness, top management support, and competitive pressure. The model was able to predict approximately 44% of the variation of IT leaders' intent to adopt IoT. The results of this study might help IT leaders in the U.S. manufacturing sectors understand the factors that influence IoT adoption. The findings from this study might contribute to positive social change by contributing to economic growth that results from increased efficiency gained from the adoption of IoT in key business areas.
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Johansson, Mattias. "Information management for manufacturing system development /." Stockholm, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3098.
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Salonen, Antti. "Strategic Maintenance Development in Manufacturing Industry." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12138.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Industrial maintenance is a substantial financial post. The total value of maintenance budgets in Europe has been estimated to be approximately 1500 billion € per year. At the same time, there are indications that about a third of these costs are wasted due to poor planning, overtime costs, inferior use of preventive maintenance and so forth. However, the diversity between different types of industry is substantial. While the process industry, which is rather vulnerable to disturbances, has a tradition of viewing its maintenance as a strategic resource, the picture is quite different in discrete item manufacturing industry. Historically, manufacturing industry has had a surplus of finished goods and Work-In-Progress buffers between machinery. Therefore, the manufacturing industry has been able to fulfil its production demand despite unreliable production equipment. In the last few decades, the concept of lean production has started to spread within the manufacturing industry as a means to improve competitiveness. Manufacturing companies apply lean tools such as flow oriented production layout, Just-In-Time production and Demand-Flow-Technology. As a consequence, the vulnerability to system disturbances increases and hence, the demand for dependable production equipment increases. Despite this increasing demand on reliable production equipment, few manufacturing companies work with strategic maintenance development. One reason for this may be that the existing methods and concepts for maintenance development are quite resource demanding. The main objective with this research is to develop a simple and cost effective approach aimed to formulate, implement, and evaluate maintenance strategies for the manufacturing industry. In five case studies the following has been studied: (1) The industry’s view on strategic maintenance development, (2) Formulation of maintenance strategies, (3) Implementation of maintenance strategies, (4) Cost of Poor Maintenance, and (5) Results from strategic maintenance development. As a result from this research, a process for the formulation of maintenance strategies has been developed. Further, a number of driving forces and obstacles, that influence the implementation of maintenance strategies, have been identified. The concept of Cost of Poor Maintenance has been introduced as a means for evaluating the financial contribution of maintenance. Finally, three years of studies in three companies has shown substantial benefits from strategic maintenance development.
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Cetin, Can. "Determinants Of Technology Transfer In Developing Economies: The Case Of Turkish Manufacturing Industries." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611493/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approaches on transfer of technology to developing countries within the development discourse are discussed in historical perspective and determinants of disembodied technology transfer of Turkish manufacturing industries are analyzed via enterprise-level data and microeconometric methods. While firm size, general skill level, export behaviour, capital intensity have significant effect of technology transfer decision of the firm, foreign ownership does not. Sectoral characteristics&rsquoeffects are also statistically significant.
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Mgudlwa, Nosipho. "Size and other determinants of capital structure in South African manufacturing listed companies." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The importance of the capital structure as a measure of company growth and performance has been at the core of vigorous debate for many years. With the threat of the recession and global competitiveness to the survival of organizations, what constitutes an optimal capital structure had to be interrogated. The focus of the study is to investigate the factors (with more emphasis on size) that influence the capital structure of manufacturing firms in general and South African manufacturing firms in particular. The aim is to advance recommendations on policy formulation so as to improve the financial performance of the manufacturing sector in South Africa, a developing economy. The study is explained within the theoretical framework which relates elements purported to have an influence on the capital structure to the use of leverage/debt by organizations. Leverage is seen to increase the shareholders‟ interest whilst being exposed to financial risk. The size of the organizations as a comparative element defines the extent of accessing the borrowed funds, hence the distinction between the Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) and large sized enterprises (LSEs). The research evidence indicates that SMMEs are characterized by lower liquidity, use more short-term debt instead of use of long-term debt, and are generally low in debt and basically capital intensive. On the contrary LSEs are highly leveraged. The selected research design is triangulated, with a combination of a case study which is of a qualitative and interpretive nature, as well as a quantitative type survey by means of a structured questionnaire. Twenty five ratios were computed from information derived from the financial statements of organizations and means and medians were determined for comparative reasons. The questions were directed to chief financial officers or managers responsible for the compilation of the financial statements, mainly to expand on the debt policy of iv their respective organizations. The findings confirmed the correlation between gearing and size, asset structure and growth with the exception of profitability. On the relevance of financial policy regarding debt, two factors were proven to be influential to capital structure decisions: the theory and practice of capital structure and the impact of the debt policy, both of which relate to financial flexibility. The study concluded that as much as there are similarities/consistencies between the two size groups, there are fundamental differences confirming that size significantly impacts on the capital structure choice specifically the use of debt. It is, therefore, recommended that the South African government should review its policies with regards to the financial support towards SMME viability.
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Maduo, Pinkie Gertrude. "Foreign direct investment in the manufacturing sector in Botswana : key determinants and deterrents." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6909.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bibliography: leaves 45-49.There is considerable controversy on the role and impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in developing countries. Empirical studies show inconclusive results. For countries that rely heavily on a single commodity for the bulk of their export revenue, foreign investment is seen as a means by which export diversification can be promoted. Botswana relies heavily on diamond exports and the government has long realised the need for economic diversification. Measures which have been put into place to diversify the economy include a range of policies aimed at promoting sectors such as manufacturing, agriculture, financial services, tourism and construction. An investigation of whether the government's initiatives to diversify the economy are bearing fruit is thus necessary. This study attempts such an analysis by focusing on developments in the manufacturing sector. It examines the role and impact of FDI in Botswana's economy by investigating the pattern of investment and export behaviour of the country's foreign-owned manufacturing firms. More specifically, the factors that hinder or encourage FDI in the country are also investigated. The study uses survey and secondary data to examine these research problems. The findings from the survey data reveal that there is hope for the manufacturing sector in Botswana. The sector can become more export-oriented if problems like low labour productivity, the shortage of skilled labour and high interest rates charged by financial institutions can be attended to. In addition, foreign investors interviewed also felt that government incentives, particularly financial ones, primarily benefit citizen or domestic firms. The major policy recommendations that emerge are that the government should continue to encourage foreign direct investment as foreign firms are employment generating. Also, government should continue to promote the manufacturing sector and other non-mining sectors to diversify the country's production base. Moreover, incentives geared towards foreign investors, particularly exporters should be introduced.
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Goodland, James. "The Development of a Manufacturing Failure Mode Avoidance Framework for Aerospace Manufacturing." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16280.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to remain competitive in the global market businesses are under ever increasing pressure to ramp up production rates whilst simultaneously improving cost effectiveness to allow continued profitable growth. This requirement is particularly challenging in high value manufacturing which is characterised by expensive product and manufacturing systems and relatively low production volume.
This thesis introduces a method for the design of robust and reliable manufacturing processes through the prevention of identified potential failure modes that is based on the principles of the existing Failure Mode Avoidance framework used for automotive system design.
The tools and techniques that exist in the literature are reviewed in order to understand the best practice, and subsequently a Manufacturing Failure Mode Avoidance framework is designed. This framework is demonstrated through two unique case studies conducted in a real life manufacturing environment in order to validate its appropriateness to provide robust countermeasures to failure which will allow right first time manufacture.
The outcomes of the implementations are discussed, conclusions drawn and opportunities for further research are provided.
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Kim, Seong-Soo. "Determinants of the Magnitude of Foreign Direct Investment: An Analysis of Korean Manufacturing MNCs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34787544.html.
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Chang, Chin-fen. "Resources or vulnerabilities? : the structural determinants of economic returns in American manufacturing, 1950-1980 /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487671108307578.
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Thomas, Andrew. "Manufacturing systems development of technology implementation projects in small to medium manufacturing enterprises." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340556.
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Åström, Peter. "Simulation of manufacturing processes in product development /." Luleå, 2004. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2004/56.
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Kvistedal, Dan. "Product development process at Scania engine manufacturing." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-132237.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Manufacturing companies today experience a more competitive market than ever, with increased demands on customization, quality and shorter life cycles. Shorter life cycles makes time to market for new products a crucial factor in retaining or even gaining market share. Many companies have structured their product development process to have a systematic work method that is integrated with other functions in the company such as production, purchasing and marketing. At Scania this work started during the 1980’s and has been ongoing with continuous improvements ever since. Due to increased demands from a more competitive market the need to structure the participation of the production units in the product development process to shorten the lead time of product development projects. This study aims to investigate how the engine production unit at Scania can be integrated in the product development process as early as possible. By studying literature in the area of product development, a general picture of the product development process has been obtained, as well as some methods for integrating production and design departments during the product development process. A comparative case study has been performed at Scania, Sandvik Coromant and Atlas Copco Rock Drills. Their internal product development processes has been mapped as well as their organizations and roles connected to the development and introduction of new products. The interface between production and design has been investigated with focus on meeting forums, information exchange and other work methods that are established within the companies. As a result some recommendations have been given to Scania on how to improve the participation of the engine production in the product development process. The recommendations start with educating the staff on already existing methods in process planning and the product development process. Secondly the engine manufacturing at Scania must decide to invest time and resources in developing their internal development process. The development of the engine manufacturing internal product development process should start with the general product development process at Scania, secondly it should focus on aligning the activities in process planning with the phases of the general product development process. Finally more detailed activities should be defined under each phase with clear defined responsibilities and lead times. By defining an internal product development process Scania’s engine manufacturing will be better prepared to participate in product development projects. By having defined activities, responsibilities and lead times it will be easier to contribute to the planning of the product development project, aswell as it will be easier to allocate project resources internally. Keywords: product development, production, time to market, manufacturability, ScaniaFöretag i den tillverkande industrin befinner sig i en marknad med hårdare konkurrens än någonsin, med ökade krav på kundanpassade produkter, kvalitet och kortare produktlivscykler. Kortare livscykel gör Time to market för nya produkter till en avgörande faktor för att bibehålla eller till och med vinna marknadsandelar. Många företag har strukturerat sin produktutvecklingsprocess för att ha ett systematiskt arbetssätt där konstruktion är integrerat med andra funktioner inom företaget så som produktion, inköp och marknad. Scania påbörjade sitt arbete med att strukturera produktutvecklingsprocessen under 1980-talet och har utvecklat det med ständiga förbättringar sedan dess. På grund av hårdare krav från en mer konkurrenskraftig marknad har man sett behovet att strukturera hur produktionsenheterna deltar i produktutvecklingsprocessen för att nå kortare ledtider i produktutvecklingsprojekt. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur motortillverkningen på Scania kan integreras i produktutvecklingsprocessen så tidigt som möjligt. Genom att studera litteratur inom produktutveckling har en allmän bild av produktutvecklingsprocessen erhållits, dessutom har några metoder för att integrera produktion och konstruktion i produktutvecklingsprocessen. En jämförande fallstudie har genomförts på Scania, Sandvik Coromant och Atlas Copco Rock Drills. Deras interna produktutvecklingsprocesser har kartlagts samt deras organisationer och roller kopplade till utveckling och introduktion av nya produkter. Gränssnittet mellan produktion och konstruktion har undersökts med fokus på mötesforum, informationsutbyte och andra arbetssätt som är etablerade inom företagen. Som ett resultat har rekommendationer getts till Scania på hur man kan förbättra deltagandet från motortillverkningen i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Rekommendationerna inleder med utbildning av personalen i befintliga arbetsmetoder, främst gällande produktionsberedning, men även produktutvecklingsprocessen. Nästa steg som rekommenderas är för motortillverkningen att investera tid och resurser för att utveckla en intern produktutvecklingsprocess. Utvecklingen av en intern produktutvecklingsprocess bör starta med att titta på Scanias globala produktutvecklingsprocess, efter det bör aktiviteterna i produktionsberedningsprocessen linjeras med faserna i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Till slut bör detaljerade aktiviteter i varje fas definieras med tydliga ansvarsfördelningar och ledtider. Genom att definiera en intern produktutvecklingsprocess kommer Scanias motortillverkning vara bättre förberedda för att delta aktivt i produktutvecklingsprojekt. När aktiviteter, ansvarsfördelning och ledtider är definierade blir det lättare att delta aktivt i planeringen av produktutvecklingsprojekt, samtidigt som det även kommer vara lättare att tilldela interna resurser till projektet. Nyckelord: produktutveckling, produktion, time to market, bearbetbarhet, Scania
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Rowlance, Ian. "Development of Knowledge Management Systems for Manufacturing." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504694.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis presents the Development ofKnowledge Management Systems for Manufacturing. The thesis was created through an action research longitudinal single case study based at Getrag-Ford Transmissions (GFT) in Halewood and aims to contribute to the extant literature regarding the implementation ofKM. A Knowledge Management System design and implementation methodology was developed to support the operation at GFT. The resulting methodology also provides a process for developing a KMS within other brown field manufacturing facilities. The KMS presented balances the soft and hard side ofKM through a bottom up approach to design and implementation. The successful implementation ofa KMS within a brown field manufacturing facility requires the consideration of cultural, technological and organisational issues. The bottom up design methodology presented in this thesis demonstrates clearly how these can be addressed whilst making a direct contribution to process improvements. Demonstration ofthese attributes enabled a successful implementation of the KMS at GFT. The implementation ofthe KMS was achieved through combining existing systems within the organisation which eventually resulted in employing Microsoft office tools to support the KMS framework. This least power approach led to significant reductions in the training and investment required to successfully implement the KMS. The use of Microsoft office tools also helped to deliver a KMS that was practical, cost effective and user friendly. The main contribution to knowledge is to present a methodology for the development of a KMS in a brown field site where there are complex operations, a large amount of legacy data and a limited IT infrastructure. Cultural issues within the existing workforce are acknowledged within the design methodology presented. The bottom up approach allowed the KMS to be piloted and developed without any major disruption to the organisation. It could develop without the need for major funding or approvals from high level board members. This approach allowed the .KMS to develop solutions to organisational problems in incremental stages ____TheJhesis also _coverstheapplicationof the KMS from an operational perspective. The KMS development team were given the opportunity to manage a production area according to the Getrag Ford Structured Week process which had been incorporated into the KMS. This resulted in the verification of the bottom up approach to developing KM and quickly gained the support of blue collar workers. The application of the KMS in production area one led to productivity improvements and cost reductions valued at over 200,000 per annum.
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Ahlskog, Mats. "Supporting pre-development of new manufacturing technologies." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Innovation och produktrealisering, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-27660.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In today’s tough industrial environment, efficient development of new products and new manufacturing solutions is necessary to stay competitive on a global market. Manufacturing companies use substantial money and development resources to develop new products. However, the resources spent on finding and implementing emerging manufacturing technologies are much more limited. This is often the case even though it is well known that a way of competing on a global market is through the introduction of new manufacturing technologies that can improve product quality as well as contribute to reducing manufacturing time, resulting in reduced product price and in the end increased profit. When introducing new manufacturing technologies, different challenges arise such as lack of knowledge, involvement of an external equipment supplier, etc. In addition, time-to-volume is critical when introducing new manufacturing technologies in a manufacturing context. To be able to have a fast ramp-up, manufacturing technology needs to be mature enough and at the same time meet all requirements. Efficient introduction of new manufacturing technologies requires that pre-development activities have been performed in advance. Previous research in this area highlights a lack of knowledge and solutions regarding pre-development of new manufacturing technologies. Such pre-development is important in order to have a successful introduction, fast time-to-volume and production system development. Based on these challenges, the objective of the research presented in this thesis is to develop support for pre-development of new manufacturing technologies. The research is based on literature reviews and three empirical case studies, carried out over a two-year period of time. The first empirical case study was an exploratory case study in the manufacturing industry. The purpose of that research study was to identify critical factors forcing manufacturing companies to improve the development of manufacturing technologies. The second study was a longitudinal embedded case study in the manufacturing industry with the purpose of identifying factors that affect evaluation of new manufacturing technologies during new product development. Particular attention was given to the product development process and how it has affected the evaluation of new manufacturing technologies. Finally, the third study was a single case study in the manufacturing industry with the purpose of analysing and discussing the assessment of the maturity level of a manufacturing technology.
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Yam, Richard Ching Man. "Strategic development of HK/China manufacturing industries." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36190/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since China adopted its Open Door policy, many of the Hong Kong low cost manufacturing activities have been relocated to China. This project analyses the strategic development of HK/China manufacturing industries in order to identify the measures necessary to preserve the role of HK for sustaining growth in HK/China manufacturing industries. The historical development of HK manufacturing industries, the economic reformation in China and the inseparable relationship of the two places have been analyzed. Previous studies in this field have concentrated on Hong Kong investments in China in aggregate. The purpose of this thesis is to take a specific look at the industrial sector in which Hong Kong has historically held international competitive advantages, i.e. its low cost light engineering manufacturing. This thesis investigates the reasons why it has been strategically beneficial for establishing Hong Kong industries with the emerging Chinese industries in the Pearl River Delta(PRD) by relocating HK production on a large scale. The benefits to each region are discussed and a future development model is derived for this sector. Strategic/operational attributes, i.e. quality, product, technology and logistics aspects, which are important to contribute to the complementary development of the industries in the two places have been studied in details through series of extensive questionnaire surveys and structured interviews. The heavy reliance on low cost approach with poor technology development so far adopted by HK manufacturers has been critically reviewed. The project concludes that the success of the current HK/China manufacturing industries is the results of the proper economic reformation policy adopted by China at the right time and in the right place. China reoriented its economic policy to "Growth through complete transfer of technology and management know how via foreign direct investment(FDI) with focus on light export-oriented manufacturing industries developed in PRD Special Economic Zone(SEZ) adjacent to HK." HK low cost manufacturing industries relocated to PRD at about the same time to resolve its ever escalating landllabour costs problems. To sustain growth and competitiveness, the quality experiences, i.e. 15O9000-CQITQM, gained in HK through the 1S09000 movement can form a good foundation for China to build up its quality capabilities. To cut costs, HK manufacturers can expand their operations beyond the major cities in PRD to other areas within PRD where logistic support has been improved. HK manufacturers need to migrate from the sole focus in low cost approach to emphasizing more new product and high technology development. Through the better utilization of the China's R&D talents and the commitment from HK manufacturers to gradually upgrade their new product and technology development, HK would be able to preserve its leading role to contribute to the development of HK/China manufacturing industries rather than being overtaken by the Chinese.
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Morgan, Thane (Thane J. ). 1962. "Lean manufacturing techniques applied to software development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9575.
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Schwartz, Jonathan D. (Jonathan Daniel). "Analysis and development of manufacturing performance measures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1994, and Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76).
by Jonathan D. Schwartz.
M.S.
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Peng, Yi. "Adaptive manufacturing control systems development and applications." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613040.
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Dhooky, Aruna N. D. "Development of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5572.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Includes bibliographical references.This report describes how the latest technology in computing and interfacing has been used in a traditional manufacturing environment to integrate old stand-alone CNC machines, a FANUC robot, a conveyor and a Robot Positioning Device (RPD) into a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Also described are the benefits that South African manufacturers still using old CNC machines could achieve if they implemented a similar process in their organisation.
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Martin, Timothy Patrick. "Flexible manufacturing system software development using simulation." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101236.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a hierarchical modeling method that can be used to simulate a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) at all levels of detail. The method was developed specifically to aid the software development needed for the hierarchy of computers that are present in an FMS. The method was developed by modeling an existing FMS. The models developed of the existing FMS are described in detail to provide an example of how to model other FMSs. The basic building blocks needed for designing other FMSs with this modeling method are provided.
The models were written in the SIMAN simulation language. SIMAN was found to be an easy language to use for the hierarchical modeling of FMSs.M.S.
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Akande, Stephen Oluwashola. "Development of quality system for additive manufacturing." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2831.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Selective laser sintering (SLS) and fused filament fabrication (FFF) are significant methods in additive manufacturing (AM). As AM is increasingly being used to manufacture functional parts, there is a need to have quality systems for AM process, to ensure repeatability of properties or quality of part made by the process. The primary aim of this research is to develop quality systems for SLS and FFF processes of AM. In order to develop a quality system for SLS process based on defining a minimum set of tests to qualify a build, two SLS materials of Nylon 11 and Nylon 12 were investigated. Melt flow index (MFI), impact, tensile and flexural tests were assessed, along with density, surface roughness, dimensional measurements and scanning electron microscopic (SEM). Two benchmark parts were designed for manufacture to track changes in key parameters from one build to another, and tests on this validated against ISO standards. Similarly, to develop a quality system for FFF process, the various mechanical properties of tensile, flexural properties, notched and un-notched impact strengths and sample mass of specimens made from biodegradable polylatic acid (PLA) FFF material were investigated. In order to identify the tests that can be most sensitive to changes in processing conditions and differences in interlayer bond strength which affect the structural integrity of part made by FFF. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the significance of the effect of processing parameters on the mechanical properties, while optical microscopy was also used to investigate failure pattern. A novel low cost method for evaluating fracture strength of FFF made parts was also developed for low cost FFF machines. Benchmark specimens and a low cost test jig were designed and fabricated to track changes in key quality characteristics of FFF made parts from one build to another. Tests conducted on the test jig were validated against those conducted on standard machine. Very good correlation was observed between them. On the basis of the data from experiments, impact strength was adopted as a key test of interlayer bond strengths which determines overall structural strengths of the materials for both SLS and FFF AM processes. A positive correlation exist between density and modulus of SLS parts, and also between sample mass and modulus of FFF made parts. ii This led to the impact strength and density/mass of parts being adopted as key indicators of mechanical integrity, with MFI a good indicator of input material quality, and dimensional accuracy of machine calibration. These tests were thus adopted as a quality assurance system in the respective developed quality system for AM processes of SLS and FFF. If the quality system is implemented, repeatability of properties can be achieved and the quality of product assured.
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ROCCO, GIULIA MARIA. "Development of Microfluidic Sensors by Additive Manufacturing." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1326027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Today, additive manufacturing (AM) technology is well-known to everybody: each of us has, at least once, heard about that and many have already seen a 3D printer at work. In last years, the cost reduction of 3D printers has meant that AM was no longer used just for rapid prototyping but, also, for the manufacturing of many end-use products. Moreover, its benefits (the material efficiency, the possibility to produce complex shapes in very fast time and at low-cost,...), attracted also the scientists, leading them to use this technology in their research.
Recently, 3D-printing made its appearance in the microwave field, and the number of papers presenting devices fabricated with this technology grows every year more.
It is within this scenario that my PhD thesis is contributing, being entirely dedicated to 3D-printing technology and its applications in the development of microwave devices. In particular, my work is focused on the realization of microfluidic devices based on resonant cavities. The devices were designed, fabricated, and experimentally verified to demonstrate the potential of merging the microwave field with 3D printed sensing devices.
The thesis is organized in six chapters. In the first part, an introductory frame outlines the panorama in which the PhD thesis is situated, together with the state of the art of AM and microfluidics as applied to the microwave field and, eventually, the adopted technologies.
The second part, the core of the thesis, deals with the fabricated microfluidic sensors, that is, devices that allow to extract liquids' dielectric properties. The retrieval of liquids properties, i.e., dielectric permittivity and loss tangent, has very important applications in chemical and biological fields.
In this work, microfluidic sensors are realized through 3D-printed resonant cavities with a (3D-printed) pipe inside, where liquids under test (LUT) can be injected and their properties extracted. Sensors with two different geometries have been analyzed.
The first one consists in a square Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavity with a multi-folded pipe inside. In the second structure, instead, the high quality factor of spherical-like shapes is exploited. A pumpkin-shape cavity resonator is fabricated, with a pipe passing, straight, between the two poles. One of the main advantages of AM fabrication is the possibility of emptying both structures, so to minimize as much as possible the dielectric losses due to the substrate. Moreover, the pumpkin structure, realized with a 2 mm-thick dielectric shell, was metallized in the inner part, thanks to electroplating. This guaranteed an increase in quality factor, especially if compared with the square structure. Both these structures were tested with nine different liquids, consisting of mixtures of water and isopropanol. To extract dielectric permittivity and loss tangent of the LUTs, the shift in the resonant frequency on one hand and the change of the quality factor on the other hand, have been considered. In particular, the procedure for the extraction of the dielectric permittivity has been improved, with respect to what can be read in literature, and also a novel method for the extraction of the loss tangent is proposed.
The intention to create a self-sustained device for the retrieval of LUTs properties, is then pointed out. Such an investigation has culminated in the realization of an oscillator based on the aforementioned 3D-printed resonator. The design of the oscillator was performed in such a way to obtain an output signal with a working frequency similar to the resonator one and dependent on the LUT injected in the cavity. With a spectrum analyzer, the oscillation frequency was measured in different cases, and the permittivity of the different LUTs was obtained with good accuracy.Today, additive manufacturing (AM) technology is well-known to everybody: each of us has, at least once, heard about that and many have already seen a 3D printer at work. In last years, the cost reduction of 3D printers has meant that AM was no longer used just for rapid prototyping but, also, for the manufacturing of many end-use products. Moreover, its benefits (the material efficiency, the possibility to produce complex shapes in very fast time and at low-cost,...), attracted also the scientists, leading them to use this technology in their research. Recently, 3D-printing made its appearance in the microwave field, and the number of papers presenting devices fabricated with this technology grows every year more. It is within this scenario that my PhD thesis is contributing, being entirely dedicated to 3D-printing technology and its applications in the development of microwave devices. In particular, my work is focused on the realization of microfluidic devices based on resonant cavities. The devices were designed, fabricated, and experimentally verified to demonstrate the potential of merging the microwave field with 3D printed sensing devices. The thesis is organized in six chapters. In the first part, an introductory frame outlines the panorama in which the PhD thesis is situated, together with the state of the art of AM and microfluidics as applied to the microwave field and, eventually, the adopted technologies. The second part, the core of the thesis, deals with the fabricated microfluidic sensors, that is, devices that allow to extract liquids' dielectric properties. The retrieval of liquids properties, i.e., dielectric permittivity and loss tangent, has very important applications in chemical and biological fields. In this work, microfluidic sensors are realized through 3D-printed resonant cavities with a (3D-printed) pipe inside, where liquids under test (LUT) can be injected and their properties extracted. Sensors with two different geometries have been analyzed. The first one consists in a square Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavity with a multi-folded pipe inside. In the second structure, instead, the high quality factor of spherical-like shapes is exploited. A pumpkin-shape cavity resonator is fabricated, with a pipe passing, straight, between the two poles. One of the main advantages of AM fabrication is the possibility of emptying both structures, so to minimize as much as possible the dielectric losses due to the substrate. Moreover, the pumpkin structure, realized with a 2 mm-thick dielectric shell, was metallized in the inner part, thanks to electroplating. This guaranteed an increase in quality factor, especially if compared with the square structure. Both these structures were tested with nine different liquids, consisting of mixtures of water and isopropanol. To extract dielectric permittivity and loss tangent of the LUTs, the shift in the resonant frequency on one hand and the change of the quality factor on the other hand, have been considered. In particular, the procedure for the extraction of the dielectric permittivity has been improved, with respect to what can be read in literature, and also a novel method for the extraction of the loss tangent is proposed. The intention to create a self-sustained device for the retrieval of LUTs properties, is then pointed out. Such an investigation has culminated in the realization of an oscillator based on the aforementioned 3D-printed resonator. The design of the oscillator was performed in such a way to obtain an output signal with a working frequency similar to the resonator one and dependent on the LUT injected in the cavity. With a spectrum analyzer, the oscillation frequency was measured in different cases, and the permittivity of the different LUTs was obtained with good accuracy.
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Sesele, Mmathabo. "Determinants of private investments in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29077.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper reviews the causal connection between private investment; interest rates and macroeconomic uncertainty in South Africa on a yearly time series data range between 1980 and 2014. This research was encouraged by the continually weakening private investment in South Africa relative to total investment. There is a need to turn around this pattern. This research contributes towards a greater comprehension of the variables and their direction of impact in the examination of the pattern of private investments and additionally, the impacts of interest rate and macroeconomic uncertainty on private investment in SA. The study employs an ARDL model for co-integration to explore the presence of a long-run relationship between the variables and the granger causality within VECM to check the interrelations among the series. The findings reveal that all variables are co-integrated to suggest the existence of a long-run relationship among private investment, long-term interest rates and bond spread. The results show that macroeconomic uncertainty exerts an adverse influence on private investment, in accordance with economic theory. In contrast to the theory, the long-term interest rates coefficient is positive and significant in the projected equation. Therefore, the conclusion is that the interest rate contributes toward the reduction in private investment. Keeping in mind the end goal to resuscitate private investment, government ought to consider receiving approaches that lift total request, offering greater venture motivations, facilitating credit limitations by forming a more productive and vigorous money-related framework, decreasing macroeconomic vulnerabilities, encouraging foundation improvement, and empowering inflows of outside speculation.