Дисертації з теми "Détection/estimation de défauts"
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Farhat, Ahmad. "Détection, localisation et estimation de défauts : application véhicule." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT056/document.
Повний текст джерелаModern vehicles are increasingly equipped with new mechanisms to improve safety, comfort and ecological impact. These active systems employ sensors, actuators and automatic control systems. However, in case of failure of one these components, the consequences for the vehicle and the passengers safety could be dramatic. In order to ensure a higher level of reliability within on board diagnosis, new methodologies for sensor or actuator fault detection, location and estimation are proposed. These model based approaches are extended for robust synthesis for switched uncertain systems. In addition, a method for detecting critical stability situation is presented. The validation of the different methods is illustrated with simulations using CarSim, and application on real vehicle data within the INOVE project
Bazine, Imène. "Identification en boucle fermée de la machine asynchrone : application à la détection de défaut." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Ben-Ameur-Bazine/2008-Ben-Ameur-Bazine-These.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents the application of a closed loop identification technique to induction machines, including explicitly the control algorithm. Basically, direct identification is asymptotically biased by output disturbances and noises which are feedback to the control input via the control algorithm. In order to get rid of this bias problem, an indirect identification technique with explicit use of the controller is proposed. Moreover, a prior knowledge of the control algorithm is replaced by its identification with the help of an overparametrized least squares techniques, which avoids knowledge of the structure and the parameters of the controller. An equivalent minimal structure controller is estimated thanks to an original criterion based on discrete moments. The identification of induction machines is performed with this equivalent controller using an output error technique. Comparative studies performed by Monte Carlo simulations have exhibited bias rejection and better precision of indirect identification, while necessary excitation is only provided by torque variations of the machine load. Finally, this new closed loop identification technique has been applied to the diagnosis of induction machines, with the benefit of better detection of stator and rotor faults, thanks to better rejection of false alarms
Nowakowski, Samuel. "Détection de défauts dans les séries temporelles." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10074.
Повний текст джерелаLaboudi, Khaled. "Contribution à la détection et à l'estimation des défauts pour des systèmes linéaires à commutations." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS030/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the problem of estimation of fault and hybrid state for a classof switched linear systems. The objective is to develop a method to synthesize anobserver and an estimator dedicated respectively to the estimation of the hybridstate and the faults. After presenting a state of the art for estimation, stabilityand diagnostic techniques for switched linear systems, the report is divided intotwo parts. The first part proposes a method for estimating the continuous stateand the faults in the case where the discrete state of the system is known. Basedon a coordinate transformation which decouples a subset of the state of the systemof faults, we first synthesized a hybrid observer to estimate the continuous stateof the system and, in a second step, an estimator allowing the reconstructionof faults. The proposed fault estimator depends on the derivative of the systemoutput. For this reason, a robust and accurate differentiator based on sliding modetechniques is used. In the second part of this paper, the discrete state of the systemis assumed unknown. An algebraic approach is proposed to estimate the switchingtimes between the different subsystems. Thereafter, the estimation of the hybridstate (continuous and discrete state) and of the faults is considered in the casewhere the discrete state of the system is unknown. The latter is reconstructedfrom the estimated switching times and on a known switching sequence. Thecontinuous state of the system is estimated using a pole placement method allowingimprove the performances of the transient phase. Finally, by exploiting the resultsfound in the first part, the estimation of the faults is considered by estimatingthe output of the system with an algebraic differentiator. This differentiator givesmore interesting results at the noise compared to the differentiator based on thesliding mode techniques used in the first part
Ben, Chabane Sofiane. "Techniques de détection de défauts à base d’estimation d’état ensembliste pour systèmes incertains." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLC007/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes a new Fault Detection approach for linear systems with interval uncertainties, bounded perturbations and bounded measurement noises. In this context, the Fault Detection is based on a set-membership state estimation of the system. The main contributions of this thesis are divided into three parts:- The first part proposes an improved method which combines the good accuracy of the zonotopic set-membership state estimation and the reduced complexity of the ellipsoidal set-membership estimation.- In the second part, a new ellipsoidal state estimation approach based on the minimization of the ellipsoidal radius is developed, leading to Linear Matrix Inequality optimization problems. In this context, both multivariable linear time-invariant systems and linear time-variant systems are considered. An extension of these approaches to systems with interval uncertainties is also proposed. - In the continuity of the previous approaches, two Fault Detection techniques have been proposed in the third part based on these set-membership estimation techniques. The first technique allows to detect sensor faults by checking the consistency between the model and the measurements. The second technique is based on Multiple Models. It deals with actuator/component/sensor faults in the same time. A Min-Max Model Predictive Control is developed in order to find the optimal control and the best model to use for the system in spite of the presence of these faults
Gahlouz, Ibtiseme. "Estimation de défauts composants par un observateur à entrées inconnues : approche bond graph." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10005/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis concerns the estimation of system components faults by using an unknown inputs observer. To reach this goal, we used the Bond Graph approach to physical modelling. We showed that this graphical tool is allowing the representation of system components faults as unknown inputs within the state representation of the considered physical system. The study of the causal and structural features of the system (controllability, observability, finite structure and infinite structure) based on the Bond Graph approach was hence fulfilled in order to design an unknown inputs observer which is used for the system component fault estimation. The component fault is considered as an unknown input. The approach proposed in this work wad validated through an application to a hydraulic system. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of this particular observer for the monitoring of the system components
Touati, Youcef. "Diagnostic robuste et estimation de défauts à base de modèle Bond Graph." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10100/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with robust bond graph model-based fault diagnosis. The main objectives of this work are related to the generation of robust thresholds with respect to measurement uncertainties, and the creation of a systematic procedure for the generation of fault estimation equations. A procedure of thresholds generation based on a graphical representation of the measurement uncertainty has been developed and implemented on a real system. The Bond graph under LFT (linear fractional transformation) form has been used for the generation of fault estimation equations. These equations are used to improve the decision step concerning the isolation of the faults having the same signature and for analyzing the sensitivity of the residuals to faults affecting sensors, actuators and parameters. The algorithms developed in this work have been on a mechatronic system representing a mobile robot, called: Robotino
Rahme, Sandy. "Détection et estimation d'anomalies dans un réseau de communication." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667420.
Повний текст джерелаHocine, Abdelfettah. "Estimation d'état et diagnostic de systèmes à commutation par filtrage multi-modèle." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00135049.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Xiaoxia. "Incipient anomaly detection and estimation for complex system health monitoring." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASG025.
Повний текст джерелаIncipient fault detection and diagnosis in engineering and multivariate industrial systems with a high-level noise are addressed in this Ph.D. thesis by a ’global’ non-parametric statistical approach. An incipient fault is supposed to induce an abnormal change in the measured value of the system variable. However, such change is weak, and it tends not to cause obvious changes in the signal distribution’s parameters. Especially in high noise level environment, the weak fault feature can be masked by the noise and becomes unpredictable. In such a condition, using traditional parametric-based methods generally fails in the fault detection. To cope with incipient fault detection and diagnosis, a ’global’ approach that can consider the total faults signature is needed. The incipient fault detection can be obtained by measuring the differences between the signal distributions before and after the fault occurrence. Some distribution-based ’global’ methods have been proposed, however, the detection capabilities of these existed approaches in high noise level environment should be improved. In this context, Jensen-Shannon divergence is considered a ’global’ fault indicator to deal with the incipient fault detection and diagnosis in a high noise level environment. Its detection performance for small abnormal variations hidden in noise is validated through simulation. In addition, the fault estimation problem is also considered in this work. A theoretical fault severity estimation model depending on the divergence value for the Gaussian condition is derived. The accuracy of the estimation model is evaluated on numerical models through simulations. Then, the ’global’ statistical approach is applied to two applications in engineering. The first one relates to non- destruction incipient cracks detection. The Jensen-Shannon divergence combined with Noisy Independent Component Analysis and Wavelet analysis was applied for detection and characterization of minor cracks in conductive structures with high-level perturbations based on experimental impedance signals. The second application addresses the incipient fault diagnosis in a multivariate non-linear process with a high-level noise. Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) is one typical multivariate non-linear process, the Jensen-Shannon divergence in the Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) is developed for coping with incipient fault detection in this process
Fragkoulis, Dimitrios. "Détection et localisation des défauts provenant des capteurs et des actionneurs : application sur un système non linéaire." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00339630.
Повний текст джерелаKharrat, Dhouha. "Commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes non linéaires : application à la dynamique du véhicule." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0012.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the development of new technologies of fault tolerant control (FTC), state and sensor/actuator faults estimation for different classes of systems. The algorithm described in this manuscript improve and reduce the conservatism of existing results in the literature. Firstly, we were interested in the synthesis of adaptive observer-based FTC for Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) descriptor systems with time-delay in presence of actuator faults. The analysis and design conditions of observer-based FTC are formulated into a set of delay-dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be solved in a single step. Then, an adaptive observer-based FTC strategy is proposed for both T-S descriptor systems and T-S fuzzy systems subject to simultaneous actuator and sensor faults under external disturbances. The last part of this work concerns the issue of the lateral vehicle and rollover dynamics which is approximated by the T-S fuzzy model under the influence of actuator and sensor faults with external disturbances. Using the cone complementarity linearization algorithm, the proposed method offers less restrictive LMI conditions than those established in the literature. The proposed approach is validated in simulation on the Carsim software as an application of the dynamics of the vehicle in presence of sensor, actuator faults and external disturbances
Xiong, Jun. "Set-membership state estimation and application on fault detection." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068054.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Bouchikhi El Houssin. "Sur l'estimation spectrale paramétrique pour la détection des défauts dans les machines asynchrones en environnements stationnaire et non stationnaire." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01019643.
Повний текст джерелаBoileau, Thierry. "Contribution à la continuité de service des actionneurs synchrones à aimants permanents. Tolérance au défaut de capteur mécanique. Détection de Défauts Electriques." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL068N/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn embedded systems, electric actuators tend to replace hydraulic ones for compactness and manoeuvrability reasons. However, these electric actuators should be as reliable as hydraulic ones. For these actuators, adapted power topologies should be chosen in order to operate even if a failure occurs in the electromechanical conversion chain. To ensure the continuity of service in fault case, different kinds of actuator’s failures should be detected in time. Obviously, the detection methods should be adapted to the fault types. In this work, we developed two aspects related to the continuity of service, the first one on the sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM), its robustness and its application in mechanical sensor loss case. The second one deals with the detection of inter-turn insulation fault in stator windings of permanent magnets synchronous machines supply by voltage inverter. In a first time a PMSM model with inter-turn fault is developed, this model allows us to propose two detection methods. Both methods are based on the electric unbalance of the machine and are experimentally validated. Finally a third method based on resistance estimation is presented. These three methods are real time methods and no extra sensor is needed for a standard control
Boukhari, Mohamed Riad. "Architecture de commande tolérante aux défauts capteurs proprioceptifs et extéroceptifs pour un véhicule autonome." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS029.
Повний текст джерелаDriverless vehicle offers several advantages: comfort, reduced stress, and reduced road mortality. Nevertheless, fatal accidents involving its responsibility, have highlighted its limitations and imperfections. These accidents raise questions about autonomous vehicle reliability, and voices expressed a strong concern for the safety of users of the autonomous vehicle. Furthermore, the tasks of perception and localization of autonomous vehicles may have inconsistencies leading to errors that would affect the stability of the vehicle. The sources of these inconsistencies can be of different natures and act both on the sensor itself (Hardware), or on the post-processing of information (Software). In this context, several difficulties must be overcome to secure the interaction of automated driving systems with human drivers facing these problems, the adoption of a fault-tolerant control strategy is paramount. In this thesis, a fault detection and fault tolerant control strategies for perception and localization are implemented. In addition, fault estimation strategies for proprioceptive sensors are also proposed. The purpose is to have a reliable fault localization and ensure acceptable performance. Moreover, given the unpredictability and variety of road scenes, a fault-tolerant fusion based on voting algorithms is developed for a better perception. The fusion takes advantage of current obstacle detection technologies (radio, light beam or camera detection) and the voting algorithm provides an output that is closest to reality. Tests with real data from a demonstrator vehicle are used to validate the approaches proposed in this thesis
Tran, Tuan Anh. "Cadre unifié pour la modélisation des incertitudes statistiques et bornées : application à la détection et isolation de défauts dans les systèmes dynamiques incertains par estimation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30292/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with state estimation in discrete-time dynamic systems in the context of the integration of statistical and bounded error uncertainties. Motivated by the drawbacks of the interval Kalman filter (IKF) and its improvement (iIKF), we propose a filtering algorithm for linear systems subject to uncertain Gaussian noises, i.e. with the mean and covariance matrix defined by their membership to intervals. This new interval Kalman filter (UBIKF) relies on finding a punctual gain matrix minimizing an upper bound of the set of estimation error covariance matrices by respecting the bounds of the parametric uncertainties. An envelope containing all possible estimates is then determined using interval analysis. The UBIKF reduces not only the computational complexity of the set inversion of the matrices intervals appearing in the iIKF, but also the conservatism of the estimates. We then discuss different frameworks for representing incomplete or imprecise knowledge, including the cumulative distribution functions, the possibility theory and the theory of belief functions. Thanks to the last, a model in the form of a mass function for an uncertain multivariate Gaussian distribution is proposed. A box particle filter based on this theory is developed for non-linear dynamic systems in which the process noises are bounded and the measurement errors are represented by an uncertain Gaussian mass function. Finally, the UBIKF is applied to fault detection and isolation by implementing the generalized observer scheme and structural analysis. Through various examples, the capacity for detecting and isolating sensor/actuator faults of this tool is illustrated and compared to other approaches
Defranoux, Céline. "Intégration de connaissances a priori pour l'estimation de paramètres physiques de modèles à temps continu : Apport pour le diagnostic de systèmes incertains." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10025.
Повний текст джерелаVela, Valdes Luis Gerardo. "Etude et élaboration d'une approche fonctionnelle pour la localisation de défauts en diagnostic : application à la simulation d'un moteur à courant continu." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10221.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this thesis deals with the development of a functional approach in the fault diagnostic field. This approach is based on the classIfication of knowledge about the system in order to detect and isolate faults with respect to the principal characteristics in the behavior of the system. The objective of this work is to end at a best knowledge specification and utilization of abilities and tools in order to increase the quantity of isolated faults. The functional approach in diagnostic is based on the function. This approach is used in order to isolate the faults that have same signatures. The principal characteristics of parity space, observers and parameter estimation are classified using an ontological model. The function, in the ontological model frame, let to interpret otherwise the knowledge contents in residuals and signatures. This interpretation is based on the definition and. Specification of a generic frame using a structural, behavioral and functional analysis of residual generation, residual evaluation and decision tasks. The proposed approach is used on a simulated application concerning a D. C. Motor in open and closed loop, in order to detect and isolate sensor, actuator and component faults which have the same signatures. The contribution of this work is placed on the intersection of two fields: artificial intelligence and automatic control
Seydou, Hassane Ramatou. "Contribution au développement des techniques ensemblistes pour l’estimation de l’état et des entrées des systèmes à temps continu : application à la détection de défauts." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14669/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the problem of a dynamical system observation and the estimation of its characteristic variables; the latter point constitutes the core element in many engineering science fields. The final aim is to build a general framework for integrity control and fault detection of such systems within a bounded error context. The developments offered herein make use of parity relations, sliding mode differentiators, interval observers and constraint satisfaction problems. Input reconstruction techniques are developed for a general class of nonlinear continuous-time systems. Domains are reconstructed for the input values which are consistent with the measurements using interval analysis and constraint satisfaction techniques. It is shown that time-varying or invariant coordinate changes may relax the applicability conditions (stability/cooperativity) of the interval observer design methods. Sliding mode differentiators were also used to enhance interval observer accuracy. The proposed approaches are illustrated through computer simulations and they have been applied to aircraft servo loop control surface for robust and early detection of abnormal positions
Cuevas, Salvatierra Mauricio Andrés. "Méthodes non-invasives de diagnostic de défauts et d'analyse thermique des machines synchrones à pôles saillants." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0209/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work aims to develop non-invasive monitoring techniques on AC rotating machines so that their implementation is easy in an industrial environment. For this purpose, two independent methods are described: a fault diagnosis in alternators connected to the local power gird and an exploratory study to evaluate the internal temperature of AC rotating machines.The first method relies on the analysis of two physical magnitudes: the stray magnetic field radiated outside from the external frame and the vibrations content of machine structure. Mathematical models have been developed in order to correlate magnetic and mechanical phenomena which occur in three different machine states: healthy and in two winding short-circuit faults both in the stator and in the rotor. These results were then validated experimentally in laboratory as well as on large machines in industrial environment. A first diagnostic prototype is presented capable to be implemented in industrial environment in order to detect short-circuit faults in larges alternators.In a second time, a temperature estimation method is proposed based on observations concerning variations in material characteristics of windings as temperature increases. Thus, the localizations of impedance resonant frequencies are impacted, which was verified experimentally as well.This thesis work allowed to verify diagnostic feasibility and on-line monitoring methods in rotating machines in a non-invasive way in industrial environments
Pilastre, Barbara. "Estimation parcimonieuse et apprentissage de dictionnaires pour la détection d'anomalies multivariées dans des données mixtes de télémesure satellites." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0074.
Повний текст джерелаSpacecraft health monitoring and failure prevention are major issues in many fields and space industry has not escaped to this trend. Indeed, the proper conduct of satellite missions involves ensuring satellites good health and detect failures as soon as possible. This important task is performed by analyzing housekeeping telemetry data using anomaly detection methods. Housekeeping telemetry consist of sensors data recorded on board and received as time series describing the time evolution of various parameters. Each parameter is associated with physical quantity such as a temperature, a voltage or a pressure, or an equipement status. As conventional monitoring methods reach their limits, statistical machine learning methods have been studied to improve satellite telemetry monitoring via a semi-supervised learning: telemetry associated with normal operations of the spacecraft is learned to build a reference model. Then, more recent data is compared to this model in order to detect any potential anomalies. Most of the methods recently proposed focus on univariate anomaly detection for continuous parameters and handle telemetry parameters independently remove. The purpose of this thesis is to propose algorithms for multivariate anomaly detection which can handle mixed telemetry parameters jointly and take into account the correlations and relationships that may exist between them in order to detect univariate and multivariate anomalies. In this work we assume that telemetry signals can be approximated using few telemetry signals associated with normal satellite operations. This first hypothesis of sparsity justifies the use of sparse representation methods that will be studied throughout this thesis. This choice is also motivated by a second form of sparsity which is specific to satellite anomalies and reflect the fact that anomalies are rare and affect few parameters at the same time. In a first time, a multivariate anomaly detection algorithm based on a sparse estimation model is proposed. A weighted extension of the method which integrates external information is presented as well as a hyperparameter estimation method that has been developed to facilitate the operationnal use of the algorithm. In a second step, a sparse estimation model with a convolutional dictionary is proposed. The objective of this second method is to exploit the shiftinvariance property of convolutional dictionnaries and improve the detection. The proposed methods are finally evaluated on industrial use cases associated with real telemetry data and are compared to state-of-the-art approches
Pinçon, Jean-Paul. "Maintenance préventive par identification électrique et thermique d'une machine à courant continu." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2307.
Повний текст джерелаAit, Ladel Ayyoub. "Commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes à multimodèles : application à des systèmes à multi-source d'énergie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/220330_AITLADEL_882kmyqu655hkbca383zrkcz402ihwf_TH.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the fault detection/estimation and fault-tolerant control challenges through integrated design. The aim is to design control strategies able to maintain robust and acceptable performance even in the presence of faults. The considered systems are dynamic in nature and are multi-model. The approaches proposed in this thesis consist in formalizing the integrated design of the detection/estimation and fault-tolerant control units in the form of linear matrix inequalities to overcome the difficulty posed by the observer/controller coupling. These approaches provide the ability to consider the different interactions between the system, the detection/estimation unit, and the control unit. Therefore, ensuring a global stability analysis of the closed-loop system and robust performances in terms of detection/estimation, control, and fault compensation. The thesis is mainly composed of three parts. In the first part, results on the control in the presence of sensor or actuator faults are established for switched linear systems. In the second part, extensions to switched nonlinear systems with sensor and actuator faults are proposed. Finally, the third part consists of a complete study of a renewable energy system. It is a multi-source/multi-load system designed to meet multiple demands and is subject to the intermittency of renewable energies
Blödt, Martin. "Condition Monitoring of Mechanical Faults in Variable Speed Induction Motor Drives. Application of Stator Current Time-Frequency Analysis and Parameter Estimation." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7468/1/blodt.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMincarelli, Diego. "Parameters and state estimation for switched systems." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10146.
Повний текст джерелаHybrid systems have been widely studied in the literature and became a powerful tool for modeling systems coming from many engineering fields. A common definition of hybrid systems is a combination of both continuous-time and discrete event systems. Examples of hybrid systems include networks, multi-agent systems, mechanical devices, robot path planning, biological systems. Researches on hybrid systems cover all fields of control theory such as stability analysis, control and observation problems or supervision. In the context of switched systems, which is a particular class of hybrid systems, this thesis aims at studying the problem related to extracting information about the system parameters and the state from the knowledge of the output.This study is motivated by various purposes: modeling, monitoring, fault detection and identification for the systems safety, output feedback control. For those reasons,the identification and the observation are at the core of decision and control problems.The first part of the thesis is devoted to extend the applicability of the algebra-based methods for on-line constant parameter estimation, developed by INRIA – Non-A project-team, to the case of systems with piecewise constant parameters. To this end, a procedure for the estimation of the parameters and the switching times is developed in the framework of switched systems.Such an approach enables a simultaneous algebraic estimation of both parameters and change time instants. The novelty and efficiency of the proposed identification algorithms mainly lie in their non asymptotic nature. The second part of the thesis addresses the problem of observer design for estimating the discrete and the continuous state of switched systems.Since switched systems contain a family of continuous-time systems and discrete-event systems, the evolution of their dynamics is naturally non-smooth, and this increases the difficulties to solve the observation problem. For instance, the estimates have to be provided before the next switch takes place. Thus, we propose an observer based on finite-time techniques (sliding-mode based) for the reconstruction of the continuous states and the switching signal (discrete state) in finite-time. Finally, we deal with another class of switched systems where the parameters, in each subsystem, are time-varying. For this kind of models, called switched linear parameter varying systems, we design an estimator for reconstructing the discrete state, by using parameter identification techniques
Abdellatif, Meriem. "Continuité de service des entraînements électriques pour une machine à induction alimentée par le stator et le rotor en présence de défauts capteurs." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0107/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe development of closed loop controls for electrical drives requires the sensor installations in order to get feed back information. Nevertheless, any occurred sensor fault (current sensor,speed/position sensor,…) shows an operation system deterioration which leads in most cases to its shut down. This consequence is in contrast to industrial expectations especially concerning the system high accuracy that they are asking for. Statistic studies point out the sensor faults as frequent. So, it is necessary to find out solutions ensuring the system service continuity in case of any sensor fault. Firstly, the study presented in this work shows the used sensor technologies in order to understand both of the reason and the kind of occurred faults. Secondly, the studied system is presented which is an electrical drive based on a Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIM) operating in motor mode and connected to the grid by two inverters. The control developed is a Direct Torque Control (DTC). The control validation, in healthy operating mode, is realised throw simulation and experimentally. After, a study considering alternative current sensor and speed/position sensor faults are achieved. The developed algorithms are based on signal estimation, on a Fault Detection Isolation (FDI) and reconfiguration algorithms. In fact, they are simple to carry out, they don't need much hardware resources for implementation and their execution time is short. Finally, the experimental validation of the developed algorithms shows their efficiency. The system continues working even in presence of a sensor fault. Thus, the obtained control becomes a fault tolerant control thanks to these algorithms
Amri, Mohamed-Hédi. "Fusion ensembliste de donn´ees pour la surveillance des personnes d´ependantes en habitat intelligent." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2030/document.
Повний текст джерелаOur research work is a part of the project FUI 14 FEDER Collectivités E-monitor’âge. This project takes place within the framework of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) which aims to improve the safety and the comfort of elderly people living in smart nursing homes. This work aims to monitor the activities of elderly persons using information from different sensors. The ADL (Activities of Daily Living) are used to evaluate the ability of the person to perform on their own a selection of the activities which are essential for an independent living in the everyday life. Generally, process knowledge and measurements coming from sensors are prone to indeterminable noise. In our work, we suppose that these errors are unknown but bounded. Taking into account this hypothesis, we show how to solve the estimation issue using set-membership computations techniques. Our algorithm, based on set-membership approach, consists of two steps. The prediction step, based on the use of a random walk mobility with minimum assumptions (maximum speed of moving), employs the previous state estimate to provide the prediction zone where the person may be located. The correction step uses the informations coming from the sensors to refine this predicted zone. This step uses a relaxed constraints propagation technique, q-relaxed intersection, to deal with faulty measurements. This proposed method allows us to compute the uncertainty domain for the reconstructed localization of moving targets as dealing with outliers
Bousghiri, Souad. "Diagnostic de fonctionnement des procédés continus par réconciliation d'état généralisé : application à la détection de pannes de capteurs et d'actionneurs." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10396.
Повний текст джерелаKoenig, Damien. "Génération de résidus robustes pour une approche intégrée de diagnostic des systèmes linéaires déterministes ou stochastiques." Nancy 1, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1998_0005_KOENIG.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBendada, Abdelhakim. "Tomographie infrarouge stimulée : estimation d'une résistance d'interface non uniforme." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1995_BENDADA_A.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMoussa, Ali Abdouramane. "Diagnostic sans modèle a priori." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604090.
Повний текст джерелаVerdier, Ghislain. "Détection Statistique de Rupture de Modèle dans les Systèmes Dynamiques - Application à la Supervision de Procédés de Dépollution Biologique." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00221418.
Повний текст джерелаLes méthodes développées ici prennent en compte les caractéristiques des procédés de dépollution biologique, qui constituent l'application principale de ce travail. Ainsi, la mise au point d'une procédure, de type CUSUM, construite à partir des estimations des vraisemblances conditionnelles permet de traiter, d'une part, le cas où une partie du modèle est inconnue en utilisant une approche non paramétrique pour estimer cette partie, et d'autre part, le cas fréquemment rencontré en pratique où le système est observé indirectement. Pour ce deuxième cas, des approches de type filtrage particulaire sont utilisées.
Des résultats d'optimalité sont établies pour les approches proposées. Ces approches sont ensuite appliquées à un problème réel, un bioréacteur de retraitement des eaux usées.
López, Estrada Francisco Ronay. "Model-based fault diagnosis observer design for descriptor LPV system with unmeasurable gain scheduling." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0162/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is dedicated to the synthesis of model-Based fault detection and isolation (FDI) techniques based on observers for nonlinear systems modeled as Descriptor-Linear Parameter Varying (D-LPV) systems. D-LPV systems are a particular class of systems that can represent (or approximate in some degree of accuracy), complex nonlinear systems by a set of linear local models blended through convex parameter-Dependent scheduling functions. The global D-LPV System can describe both time-Varying and nonlinear behavior. Nevertheless, in many applications the time-Varying parameters in the scheduling functions could be unmeasurable. Models which depend on unmeasurable scheduling functions cover a wide class of nonlinear systems compared to models with measurable scheduling functions, but the design of control schemes for D-LPV systems with unmeasurable scheduling functions are more difficult than those with a measurable one, because the design of such control schemes involve the estimation of the scheduling vector. This topic is addressed in this work by considering the following main targets: • to design FDI in D-LPV systems based on -H∞ observers in order to guarantee robustness against disturbances and errors due the unmeasurable gain scheduling functions • to extend the proposed -H∞ methods to perform state estimation and fault detection, isolation and fault magnitude estimation in the case of sensor faults • to guarantee the best trade-Off between fault sensitivity and disturbance rejection by developing H_/H∞ fault detection observers for D-LPV systems. The thesis is organized as follows Chapter 1 is dedicated to provide a general introduction, the objectives and contribution of this work.Chapter 2 is organized in order to provide the minimum necessary elements to describe the representation, modeling, properties, analysis, and observer design of D-LPV systems. Chapter 2 is also dedicated to a detailed review of the state of the art. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the development of three different methods to design fault detection observers for D-LPV systems based on H∞ theory. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to an example, for sensor fault detection and isolation by means of an observer bank, in order to compare the performance of each method. Chapter 4 is dedicated to the design of a FDI method based on observers with H_/H∞ performance. Based on the H_/H∞ approach, which considers the best trade-Off between fault sensitivity and robustness to disturbance, adequate LMIs are obtained to guarantee sufficient conditions for the design problem. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques, an example is considered
Srinivasarengan, Krishnan. "Estimation d'état, estimation paramétrique et identifiabilité des modèles quasi-LPV." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0059/document.
Повний текст джерелаTwo problems relevant to the model-based approaches to fault diagnosis and degradation estimation in commissioned buildings are investigated in this thesis: adaptive observers for state and parameter estimation, and parameter identifiability. The system models considered are the quasi-LPV models with affine parameterization. Using the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) polytopic approach, two observer designs, one for continuous-time models and another for discrete-time models are provided. Both models use a Luenberger structure for the state estimation part and deploy the Lyapunov design approach. An innovative non-linear estimation model is obtained through the design process for the continuous-time parameter estimation whereas a proportional-integral (PI) structure is used for discrete-time. A brief third contribution is a decoupled state and parameter estimation that makes use of the parity-space approach and realized using a finite memory observer strategy. For the fourth contribution of parameter identifiability, a parity-space formulation using null-space computation is used for the elimination of states of the model from which the exhaustive summary of the model is extracted and the identifiability of the model verified. All the results are illustrated using examples
Nuninger, Walter. "Stratégie de diagnostic robuste à l'aide de la redondance analytique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/INPL_T_1997_NUNINGER_W.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVaezi-Nejad, Hossein. "Détection de défauts d'instruments de mesure." Nancy 1, 1990. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1990_0016_VAEZI_NEJAD.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаOlteanu, Severus. "Contribution à l’estimation et au diagnostic robuste des piles à combustibles basse température." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10115/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis contributes to the observer and diagnosis design for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells using Takagi-Sugeno theory. There are three research objectives in this thesis. First is focused on modeling, estimation and diagnostics. The dynamic nonlinear model of PEMFCs is proposed, which considers the auxiliary components. In terms of parameter estimation for PEMFCs, a nonlinear approach is developed to design observers based on the nonlinear Takagi-Sugeno model in order to achieve a more robust estimation. The observers can replace the mass flow sensors which results in getting rid of expensive and cumbersome to install instrumentation for measurement of mass flow rates. By using such observers to develop algorithms for diagnosis, the fuel cell stack’s life can be prolonged. A simple method of diagnostic based on PI observer for state and sensor fault detection has been investigated. The second topic on embedding nonlinear algorithms, acts upon the potential of using small scaled embedded systems for complex tasks, thus reducing cost and physical size of the automatic system. More precisely the use of the Takagi-Sugeno approach in embedded applications is investigated. Different solutions for embedded observers have been provided. The last topic was the testing of these embedded solutions for fuel cell system in a Hardware In the Loop architecture, based on the professional software AMESim and Matlab for a Windows operating system. A real Fuel Cell has been used in order to prove the effectiveness of our approach
Do, Manh Hung. "Synthèse robuste d'observateurs pour systèmes singuliers linéaires à paramètres variants." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT053.
Повний текст джерелаThis Thesis is focused on the study of state and fault estimation in Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) systems. The Thesis considers two classes of systems: non-singular and singular systems. In specific, the proposed observers are synthesized to be robust against parametric uncertainties, input and output disturbances, measurement noise, Lipschitz nonlinearities, and time delays. The major contributions of this research are respectively: an integrated observer-controller design for uncertain LPV systems with a new methodology of disturbance attenuation called output frequency-shaping filter; the design and the development of unknown input (UI) observers for fault estimation under the existence of partially decoupled UIs; the synthesis of H∞ and H2 observers for the singular system with Lipschitz nonlinearity; and a H∞ observer design for time-delay LPV system. Finally, the performance of the proposed methods is justified by laboratory experiments with INOVE platform and numerical examples
Bun, Long. "Détection et localisation de défauts pour un système PV." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647189.
Повний текст джерелаCourtine, Stéphane. "Détection et localisation de défauts dans les entraînements électriques." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0046.
Повний текст джерелаMathurin, Eric. "Détection et reconnaissance de défauts sur matériaux monochromes défilant." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10034.
Повний текст джерелаMoha, Naouel. "DECOR : Détection et correction des défauts dans les systèmes orientés objet." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321081.
Повний текст джерелаDes techniques et outils ont été proposés dans la littérature à la fois pour la détection et la correction des défauts. Les techniques de détection proposées consistent principalement à définir des règles pour détecter les défauts et à les appliquer sur le code source d'un système. Quant aux techniques de correction, elles consistent à appliquer de façon automatique des refactorisations dans le code source du système analysé afin de le restructurer de manière à corriger les défauts. Cependant, la phase qui consiste à identifier les restructurations est réalisée manuellement par les
ingénieurs logiciels. Ainsi, il n'est pas possible de corriger
directement et automatiquement les défauts détectés. Ce problème est dû au fait que la détection et la correction des défauts sont traitées de façon isolée.
Ainsi, nous proposons DECOR, une méthode qui englobe et définit toutes les étapes nécessaires pour la détection et la correction des défauts de code et de conception. Cette méthode permet de spécifier des règles de détection à un haut niveau d'abstraction et de suggérer des restructurations de code afin d'automatiser la correction des défauts.
Nous appliquons et validons notre méthode sur des systèmes libres orientés objet afin de montrer que notre méthode permet une détection précise et une correction adaptée des défauts.
HARKAT, Mohamed-Faouzi. "Détection et localisation de défauts par analyse en composantes principales." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005283.
Повний текст джерелаVallerand, Steve. "Détection et caractérisation de défauts par thermographie de phase pulsée." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0028/MQ51168.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHarkat, Mohamed-Faouzi. "Détection et localisation de défauts par analyse en composantes principales." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_HARKAT_M_F.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to study the fault detection and isolation using principal components analysis (PCA). In the first chapter the fundamental principles of linear principal componerit analysis are presented. PCA is used to model normal process behaviour. In the second chapter the problem of fault detection and isolation based on linear PCA is tackled. On the basis of the analysis of the classical detection indices, a new fault detection index based on the last principal components is developed. For fault isolation, the classical methods, using for instance the reconstruction principle or the contribution calculation, are adapted for the proposed fault detection index. The third chapter is focused on the nonlinear PCA. An extension of the PCA for nonlinear systems, combining principal curves algorithm and RBF networks, is proposed. For the determination of the number of principal components to be kept in the NLPCA model, we propose an extension of the unreconstructed variance criteria in the non-linear case. . Finally, an application, carried out in collaboration with air quality monitoring network in Lorraine AIRLOR, is presented in the fourth chapter. This application concerns the sensqr fault detection and isolation of this network by using the fault detection and isolation procedure developed in the linear case
Amiri, Arij. "Ruptures, singularités : détection et estimation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILB030.
Повний текст джерелаThis Ph.D. thesis gathers some works concerning change-point problems for stochastic processes. In Part one, we are interested in the problem of the estimation, from [dollar]n[dollar] independent observations of an inhomogeneous Poisson process, of the location of what we call a smooth change-point (a point in which the intensity function of the process switches from one level to another smoothly, but over such a small interval, that its length [dollar]delta_n[dollar] can be considered as converging to~[dollar]0[dollar]). We show that in the case where [dollar]delta_n[dollar] goes to zero slower than [dollar]1/n[dollar] (slow case), our model is locally asymptotically normal (though with an unusual rate), and that in the case where [dollar]delta_n[dollar] goes to zero faster than [dollar]1/n[dollar] (fast case), our model is non-regular and behaves like a classic change-point model. All these results are obtained using the likelihood ratio analysis method of Ibragimov and Khasminskii, which equally yields the convergence of moments of the considered estimators. However, in order to apply this method in the fast case, we first had to adapt it to the topology [dollar]M_1[dollar] on the Skorokhod space of càdlàg functions, as well as to develop some tools for the study of convergence of functions in this topology. The Part two deals with the detection of a change in the Hölder regularity. We study the detection of an epidemic change in the regularity of an [dollar]n[dollar]-sample of i.i.d. random functions with Hölder regularity [dollar]alpha[dollar] under null hypothesis. Under the alternative hypothesis, a segment of the sample of an unknown location and length [dollar]l^star
Fayolle, Jean. "Validation de données et diagnostic des procédés industriels." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10171.
Повний текст джерелаBouhours, Cédric. "Détection, Explications et Restructuration de défauts de conception : les patrons abîmés." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457623.
Повний текст джерелаSahnoun, Mariem. "Observation des systèmes non linéaires : Application à la détection de défauts." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10322/document.
Повний текст джерелаAmong the faults diagnosis methods, the method of residual filters allows to synthesize filters generating signals ( called residues) that are used for fault detection. In our approach, the residual filters are obtained from reduced observers. The objective of this thesis is to synthesize observers and highlight their application to fault detection for nonlinear systems. This thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, two papers were presented. The rst one relates to the unknown input observers for state ane systems modulo an output injection. The proposed approach is a combination of geometric decoupling techniques and nonlinear observers. We have given sufficient conditions with an algorithm for designing an unknown input observer to estimate a part of the state without the knowledge of some inputs. The second contribution consists to characterize the class of nonlinear systems which can be transformed into cascade systems for which an observer can be designed. First, necessary and sufficient theoretical conditions were given, then an algorithm to compute these transformations (diffeomorphisms) was proposed. Finally, the set of all dieomorphisms was characterized by showing that it is an orbit of an action of a particular group on the set of all dieomorphisms. The second step of the thesis deals with the synthesis of a polytopic Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) filter to detect, isolate and estimate multiple sensor faults. The advantage of this lter is to generate two types of residuals : one being sensitive to faults and the other is insensitive. The insensitive residual is used to generate an additional qualitative information of the filter efficiency. The stability of the latter has been performed using Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI)