Дисертації з теми "Dental anthropology Dental arch"
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Bachtiar, Mulyani Dalidjan. "An assessment of Pont's Index to predict dental arch width in human populations /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmb124.pdf.
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Lima, Laíse Nascimento Correia. "Validação do índice de Carrea por meio de elementos dentais superiores para a estimativa da estatura humana." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290757.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Eduardo Daruge JúniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O índice de Carrea constitui uma importante ferramenta na estimativa da estatura humana, necessitando para sua aplicação apenas que alguns elementos dentais anteriores inferiores estejam preservados. No entanto, nos casos em que a mandíbula é acometida por um trauma, uma patologia ou por situações diversas, o uso da técnica torna-se inviável. Com isso, ampliar a utilização do índice de Carrea, estendendo-o aos elementos superiores, aumentaria as chances de se realizar o método, principalmente nos casos em que apenas o crânio é encontrado. Diante disso, o presente estudo teve como proposição testar um novo denominador no índice de Carrea, para que o mesmo possa ser utilizado no arco superior, visando um novo recurso para se estimar a estatura humana. Além disso, objetiva-se comparar os percentuais de acerto obtidos entre o arco inferior e superior. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo com 378 modelos em gesso, sendo 189 superiores e 189 inferiores de arcos dentais correspondentes, pertencentes a alunos do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, de ambos os sexos e com idades entre 18 e 30 anos. A estatura dos participantes foi estimada mensurando, com um paquímetro digital, os incisivos central e lateral e o canino, dos arcos superiores e inferiores, bem como dos hemiarcos direito e esquerdo. A partir dessas medidas, foram estimadas, por meio do índice de Carrea, as alturas máxima e mínima com base nos arcos inferiores. Para os arcos superiores foi utilizada uma modificação no denominador da fórmula original de Carrea, de valor 2 para o valor 2,55, de forma que a mesma se adequasse às medidas da maxila. Os valores obtidos foram comparados à estatura real dos participantes, previamente mesurada com um antropômetro. No arco superior, verificou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre os posicionamentos dentais no sexo masculino e nos hemiarcos direitos, sendo os apinhados o maior percentual de acerto (65% e 65,2%, respectivamente). A avaliação interarcos proposta entre os sexos, para os três tipos de posicionamento dental, demonstrou percentual de acerto estatisticamente significante no sexo feminino entre os hemiarcos normais, com os inferiores apresentando percentual maior (70,0%) em relação aos superiores (42,3%). Já entre os hemiarcos, a diferença estatística pôde ser observada nos lados direito e esquerdo, apenas no posicionamento normal, com os inferiores demonstrando percentuais de acerto maiores (61,5% e 67,6%, respectivamente). Dessa forma, conclui-se que, embora o percentual de acertos no arco superior não tenha sido significante, o método poderá ser utilizado como subsídio para a estimativa da estatura
Abstract: Carrea's index is an important tool in human stature estimation, and requires for its use only some lower anterior teeth preserved. However, in cases of mandibular damage - by trauma, pathology or any other condition - the use of the method becomes impossible. Therefore, expand the use of Carrea's index, extending it to upper dental elements, increases the applicability of the method, especially in cases where only the skull is recovered. Thus, the present study aimed to test a new denominator for Carrea's index, so that it can be used in the upper jaw, which provides a new resource for human stature estimation. The study was conducted with 378 cast models - 189 higher and 189 lower arches - of dentistry students from the Federal University of Paraíba, of both sexes and aged between 18 and 30 years. The stature of the participants was estimated by measuring, with a digital caliper, the central and lateral incisors and canine from upper and lower arches, both sides. From these measurements, the maximum and minimum stature was estimated, according to Carrea's index. Moreover, it was aimed to compare the sucess rates between the upper and lower arches. For the upper arches a new denominator of Carrea's original formula, from 2 to 2.55, so it would fit the the maxilla's measures. The values obtained were compared to the real stature of the participants, previously measured with an anthropometer. In the maxillary arch, there was a statistically significant difference between the teeth alignment in males and in the right hemiarch, with the crowded hemiarches showing the greatest accuracy (65% and 65.2% respectively). The interarch evaluation proposed between the sexes, for the three types of dental alignment proved percentage of success statistically significant in females between the normal hemiarches, with the lower arch showing a higher percentage (70.0%) compared with the upper one (42.3%). Among the hemiarches, statistical difference was observed in right and left sides only in normal position, with the lower arch showing greater success rate (61.5% and 67.6% respectively). It can be stated that although the percentage of success in the upper arch was not significant, the method proposed can be used as additional criteria for the estimation of stature
Mestrado
Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
3
Pornratanavisai, Jarunard. "Dental arch changes over a 27-year period /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16979.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
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Thiradilok, Sasipa. "Changes in Dental Arch Dimension among Dental Class II Patients after Rapid Maxillary Expansion Therapy." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-85316.
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Weaver, Kolin E. "The stability of the WALA ridge as a landmark for determining dental archform." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10936.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2010.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 107 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-96).
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Al-Ali, Fawziea. "The effects of the shortened dental arch on mastication." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392349.
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Housley, Jeffrey A. "Stability of transverse expansion in the mandibular dental arch." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2002. http://library.ouhsc.edu/epub/theses/Housley-Jeffrey-A.pdf.
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Lease, Loren Rosemond. "Ancestral determination of African American and European American deciduous dentition using metric and non-metric analysis." Columbus, OH : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1054742334.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 421 p.: ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Paul W. Sciulli, Dept. of Anthropology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-152).
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McVeigh, Clare. "Variability in human tooth formation : a comparison of four groups of close biological affinity /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ66224.pdf.
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Lara, Tulio Silva [UNESP]. "Efeito transversal da placa lábio-ativa aberta e fixa associada à extensão lingual de canino decíduo a primeiro molar permanente: estudo em modelos digitais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104507.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
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Introdução: O objetivo do presente estudo clínico foi avaliar as dimensões transversais do arco dentário inferior com o uso da placa lábio-ativa aberta e fixa associada à extensão lingual de canino decíduo a primeiro molar permanente. Métodos: A amostra constou de 14 pacientes no estágio de dentadura mista e com idade média de oito anos e seis meses. Todos os pacientes realizaram expansão rápida da maxila e expansão lenta do arco inferior com a placa lábio-ativa. Modelos de gesso foram obtidos nas fases de pré-tratamento e pós-tratamento e digitalizados com auxílio do scanner 3Shape R700 3D (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Dinamarca). Medições transversais foram realizadas para as distâncias entre as pontas de cúspide dos caninos decíduos, pontas de cúspide mesiovestibulares dos molares decíduos e primeiro molar permanente e pontos médio cervical da face vestibular. O teste t foi utilizado para determinar se o aumento nas larguras transversais foi significativo. Resultados: Observou-se um aumento transversal estatisticamente significativo (p<0,05) que variou de 4,11mm a 4,51mm nos referenciais utilizados no nível das pontas de cúspide. Conclusão: A placa lábio-ativa aberta e fixa apresentou um efeito transversal significativo em aproximadamente seis meses de tratamento
Introduction: The aim of the current clinical study was to evaluate the transverse dimensions of the lower dental arch with the use of the fixed and expanded lip bumper associated to the lingual extension from the deciduous canine to the permanent first molar. Methods: The sample was comprised of 14 patients in the mixed dentition with a mean age of 8 years 6 months. All patients were submitted to rapid palatal expansion and dentolaveolar expansion of the lower dental arch with a lip bumper. Pre-teatment and post-treatment cast models were obtained and digitized with the 3Shape R700 3D (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) scanner. Transverse distances between the cusp tips of the canines, the mesial buccal cusps of the deciduous molars and of the permanent first molars and between the cervical middle points of the buccal aspects of these teeth were measured. The t tests were performed to determine whether an increase in transverse distances was significant. Results: A statistically significant transverse increase (p<0,05) ranging from 4.11 mm to 4.51 mm was observed in the cusp tips. Conclusion: The fixed and expanded lip bumper presented a significant transverse effect within approximately 6 months of treatment
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Jayaraman, Jayakumar. "Dental age assessment (DAA) : development and validation of reference dataset for southern Chinese and its application to East Asian populations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207191.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Age assessment which is an integral part of forensic and clinical practice when assessed using the extent of dental development has proven to be more accurate than other methods. Variations in dental development have necessitated the construction of ethnic specific reference datasets (RDS) to ensure accurate age assessments. Age estimated from ethnically different RDS in southern Chinese subjects has been shown to be inaccurate. A systematic review and meta-analysis from the most commonly used French-Canadian dataset revealed consistent over-estimations of age of global population groups, inferring the need for population specific RDS. A study which compared a group of 400 five years old children born in the 1980s and the 2000s demonstrated that children born in recent decades have more advanced dental development. Hence, only the most recent samples were included in the construction of a RDS for southern Chinese using dental panoramic radiographs of 2306 subjects.
The reference dataset was subsequently validated on 484 subjects of southern Chinese origin by conducting dental age assessments (DAA) using un-weighted and weighted methods of dental age calculations. Paired t-test demonstrated that all methods of assessments were able to accurately estimate the age (p>0.05). The overall age differences ranged from -0.01 to 0.11 years for males and -0.03 to 0.10 years for females respectively. In addition, to test the accuracy of different ethnic datasets, 266 southern Chinese subjects for whom age had been estimated using the UK Caucasian and French-Canadian datasets were re-scored using the southern Chinese RDS. The latter was able to estimate the age of 80% of the subjects within a range of 12 months and the importance of population specific reference standards was elucidated. The validated southern Chinese RDS on dental development can thus be used to estimate the age of children and young adults of southern Chinese origin. This RDS was also tested for applicability on the records of 953 subject obtained from Japan, Thailand and Philippines. A similar method of validation was conducted and the southern Chinese RDS estimated the age of Thai males, Filipino and Japanese subjects with a reasonable degree of accuracy. The genetic similarity between the southern Han Chinese and the other East Asian population groups may account for the obtained accuracy.
The secular trend study was the first of its kind study in Asia that demonstrated advanced dental maturation in children born in recent decades. Natural calamities that strike East Asia leave thousands of people missing. In those circumstances, dental age assessment using the southern Chinese RDS would help in the process of identifying deceased victims. Furthermore, only half of the children in the world below the age of five years are registered; thus the need for determining age is of foremost importance to safeguard them against age specific crimes. Methods of establishing reference datasets and conducting accurate age assessments that have been investigated and tested in this study indicate that the methodology can be applied to any ethnic population group in the world.published_or_final_version
Paediatric Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Dotson, Meryle Akeara. "Postnatal Dental Mineralization: a Comparative Analysis of Dental Development Among Contemporary Populations of the Southeastern United States." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3079.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to the strong genetic component of dental development, research has shown that mineralization patterns of the human dentition are relatively buffered against environmental influences that normally affect bone growth and development. It is because of this resistance to environmental factors and the continuous growth of the permanent dentition throughout childhood and adolescence that the evaluation of dental development patterns has become the preferred method of age estimation in living and deceased children.
Researchers (Harris and Mckee 1990; Tompkins 1996; Blankenship et al. 2007; Kasper et al. 2009) have suggested that the timing of dental development varies by ancestral descent and geographic populations. However, further evaluations of these perceived differences in the timing of dental development among populations are necessary as classical statistical methods result in age estimations that are biased toward the age structure of the reference population. However, the Bayesian approach is beneficial since it incorporates relevant prior knowledge into the analysis and formalizes the relationship between assumptions and conclusions (Buck et al. 1996). Therefore, the purpose of this research is to incorporate methods in Bayesian analysis to compare the timing of dental development between two contemporary populations of the Southeastern United States, as well as test the accuracy of dental development age parameters devised by Moorrees et al. (1963) on a contemporary Florida Population.
For this study, 51 panoramic radiographs of individuals from a contemporary Florida population ranging in age from 7.7-20.4 years were reviewed. Statistical analyses incorporated a Bayesian approach to compare the timing of dental development for individuals comprising the contemporary Florida sample with the timing of dental development for a contemporary Middle Tennessee population by utilizing the age structure of the Middle Tennessee population as informed prior knowledge, otherwise referred to as an informed prior. Transition distributions for age, given stage of dental development, were also modeled for individuals comprising the contemporary Florida sample. The accurate observation and comparison of probability density distributions for age can serve as a noninvasive method for evaluating the probability of whether or not an unknown individual is a particular age, given the stage of dental development.
Results of this research indicate that there is a consistent underestimation of age for individuals comprising the contemporary Florida population when the age structure of the Middle Tennessee population is utilized as an informed prior. Additionally, the results of this thesis indicate that there is a consistent underestimation of age when utilizing age parameters of Moorrees et al. (1963) for the estimation of age for individuals from a contemporary Florida population. By incorporating a Bayesian approach to compare two contemporary populations of the Southeastern United States, a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between age and stage of dental development can be achieved. Therefore, the results of this thesis support Bayesian analysis as an appropriate method of evaluating perceived differences in the timing of dental development between contemporary populations. Furthermore, the results of this research are beneficial to the field of forensic anthropology as the observation of advanced stages of molar development utilizing panoramic radiographs serves as a noninvasive method in estimating age for unknown juveniles and young adults, and can also assist courts within the United States in determining whether or not an individual is legally considered a minor or an adult.
13
Aynaciyan, Raffi J. "Rapid maxillary expansion long-term hard tissue profile and dental arch width changes /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0025/MQ30661.pdf.
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Bell, Eric Jason. "Arch variation in relatives of individuals with orofacial clefts using 3D dental casts." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6704.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Dento-alveolar anomalies associated with Orofacial clefts (OFCs) can present with a wide range of variation. This vast diversity makes it difficult to pinpoint their specific etiology. For instance, differentiating anomalies that arise as a consequence of the physical effects of the cleft itself or from the same biological processes that result on clefting, from those that likely occur as a sequela from the surgical repair is a challenge. One approach that can aid this differentiation is to study if first degree relatives of children with clefts whom themselves do not have an overt cleft but may carry genetic cleft risk, are more likely to present some of these anomalies. If so, the elevated risk on these seemingly unaffected relatives will indicate that the particular anomaly arises as a consequence of the molecular pathways that give rise to cleft risk rather than from the physical consequences of the cleft or the surgical repairs. Understanding the different etiological factors underlying dental anomalies within the cleft phenotypic spectrum is a fundamental step for prevention and better management of such anomalies.
Amongst the most common dento-alveolar anomalies seen in children born with OFC are tooth size-arch length discrepancies and dento-alveolar shape irregularities, mostly studied in the maxillary arches. Such arch irregularities lead to moderate or severe malocclusions. It is not well known if unaffected family members (UFM) of children with clefts are also susceptible to such dento-alveolar shape irregularities and thus their etiology is not well understood. This study aims to characterize 3D variation in dento-alveolar shape as part of the cleft phenotypic spectrum in UFMs of individuals with OFCs compared to controls with no history of OFC.
Methods: A total of 760 maxillary and 760 mandibular casts were digitally scanned using a NextEngine Laser scanner and digitized by two raters with 92 landmarks for maxilla and 94 landmarks for mandible, covering gingival margins and occlusal surfaces via Landmark Editor Software. A reliability of 88.15% was obtained for an interrater agreement error of less than 1mm for all landmarks obtained. 3D coordinates were extracted and registered using a Procrustes fit procedure. Procrustes residuals were analyzed via canonical variate analyses to capture differences in 3D shape between cases and controls. Of the 760 maxillary individuals attempted, 535 (Cases N=133, Controls=402) had all 92 landmarks and 688 (Cases=192, Controls496) had at least 40 landmarks in the canine to canine region. Of the 760 mandibular individuals attempted, 434 (Cases N=99, Controls=335) had all 94 landmarks and 611 (Cases=180, Controls=431) had at least 40landmarks in the canine to canine region. Thus analyses were done separately for each subsample.
Results: Case-control differences were not significant (P=0.11) for overall maxillary dental arch shape. However, for the maxillary canine to canine dataset, significant differences were found (P=0.02 for raw Procrustes distance, P<0.0001 for Mahalanobis distance). Case-control differences were significant (P=0.02) for overall mandibular dental arch shape. Significant shape differences were also found for the mandibular canine to canine dataset (P=0.01 for raw Procrustes distance, P<0.0001 for Mahalanobis distance). In other words, there is better separation between cases and controls for the mandibular dataset compared to the maxillary dataset (P=0.11 for the maxillary full arch). Cases had maxillary and mandibular anterior dentitions that were overall retrusive, with anterior teeth that significantly tapered towards the incisal third with larger interproximal incisal embrasures and height to width rations that deviate from ideal ratios (i.e. width is ~70% of the height) due to an overall decrease in crown height. Also, incisal edges seem to flare outwards from the arch line when compared to controls. Moreover, case arch forms trend towards a “v” shape, resembling a Bonwill-Hawley arch shape compared to a “u” shape in the controls.
Conclusions: Upper anterior, lower anterior and overall arch shape significantly differ between UFM of individuals with OFC and controls. The most significant differences were located in the maxillary and mandibular anterior dentitions, where cases were more retrusive overall with incisal edges that were tapered and flared, displaying large embrasures and tapered and flared, displayed large embrasures when compared to controls. The phenotypic differences identified in this study contribute to the understanding of the cleft phenotypic spectrum aiding future studies of cleft etiology and cleft risk prediction.
15
Lara, Tulio Silva. "Efeito transversal da placa lábio-ativa aberta e fixa associada à extensão lingual de canino decíduo a primeiro molar permanente : estudo em modelos digitais /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104507.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Francisco Antônio BertozBanca: Eduardo César Almada Santos
Banca: Marcos Rogério de Mendonça
Banca: Terumi Okada Ozawa
Banca: Daniela Gamba Garib
Resumo: Introdução: O objetivo do presente estudo clínico foi avaliar as dimensões transversais do arco dentário inferior com o uso da placa lábio-ativa aberta e fixa associada à extensão lingual de canino decíduo a primeiro molar permanente. Métodos: A amostra constou de 14 pacientes no estágio de dentadura mista e com idade média de oito anos e seis meses. Todos os pacientes realizaram expansão rápida da maxila e expansão lenta do arco inferior com a placa lábio-ativa. Modelos de gesso foram obtidos nas fases de pré-tratamento e pós-tratamento e digitalizados com auxílio do scanner 3Shape R700 3D (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Dinamarca). Medições transversais foram realizadas para as distâncias entre as pontas de cúspide dos caninos decíduos, pontas de cúspide mesiovestibulares dos molares decíduos e primeiro molar permanente e pontos médio cervical da face vestibular. O teste t foi utilizado para determinar se o aumento nas larguras transversais foi significativo. Resultados: Observou-se um aumento transversal estatisticamente significativo (p<0,05) que variou de 4,11mm a 4,51mm nos referenciais utilizados no nível das pontas de cúspide. Conclusão: A placa lábio-ativa aberta e fixa apresentou um efeito transversal significativo em aproximadamente seis meses de tratamento
Abstract: Introduction: The aim of the current clinical study was to evaluate the transverse dimensions of the lower dental arch with the use of the fixed and expanded lip bumper associated to the lingual extension from the deciduous canine to the permanent first molar. Methods: The sample was comprised of 14 patients in the mixed dentition with a mean age of 8 years 6 months. All patients were submitted to rapid palatal expansion and dentolaveolar expansion of the lower dental arch with a lip bumper. Pre-teatment and post-treatment cast models were obtained and digitized with the 3Shape R700 3D (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) scanner. Transverse distances between the cusp tips of the canines, the mesial buccal cusps of the deciduous molars and of the permanent first molars and between the cervical middle points of the buccal aspects of these teeth were measured. The t tests were performed to determine whether an increase in transverse distances was significant. Results: A statistically significant transverse increase (p<0,05) ranging from 4.11 mm to 4.51 mm was observed in the cusp tips. Conclusion: The fixed and expanded lip bumper presented a significant transverse effect within approximately 6 months of treatment
Doutor
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Raan, F. J. du. "Using a mathematical model to determine dental arch- perimeter in class ii patients presenting at UWC orthodontic clinics." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7976.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Doctor Scientiae - DScDetermining arch perimeter is of importance in both a clinical setting, where it is used to determine space requirements, as well as in an epidemiological setting where it is used to describe large populations. Physical measurement of arch perimeter is time consuming and may be prone to operator errors when done on study casts and even more so in a clinical situation. The use of a simple mathematical model to predict arch perimeter, using a few measurements that can be done easily and reliably, would be of great use to the practitioner.
17
Follis, Shawna L. "Dental fluctuating asymmetry as a measure of environmental stress in Nasca." Thesis, Purdue University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1571983.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis evaluates how environmental stressors affected three groups (Nasca, Loro, and Chakipampa) that lived in Nasca during the Early Intermediate Period (ca. A.D. 1-750) and the Middle Horizon (ca. A.D. 750-1000). Using fluctuating asymmetry analysis as a proxy for developmental instability, biological evidence is assessed for differential stress levels incurred by groups occupying the Peruvian south coast. This study found high levels of stress in the Middle Horizon, supporting the hypothesis that populations living in Nasca were unfavorably affected by Wari colonizers. However, stress was found to be highest among the Chakipampa. This is attributed to Wari imperialistic occupation and extraction of resources. Conversely, the contemporaneous Loro affiliated population, who presumably avoided Wari influence, experienced the lowest levels of stress among the samples. This research reveals a large distinction between the effects of environmental stressors on the two Middle Horizon groups.
18
Chawla, Ourvinder. "The optimal media for rating dental arch relationships in unilateral cleft lip and palate." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555634.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to determine the optimal format for presenting the 5-year olds' Index reference and patient dental models, for the assessment of dental arch relationships in unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). The research was essentially undertaken in two parts. The first part, to assess the effect the presentation of the reference models has on the reliability and reproducibility of the 5-year olds' Index scores. Reference models were presented in four different formats; plaster models, coloured acrylic models and two digital formats which included three-dimensional digital models (3D) and black & white photographs. These formats were used to categorise plaster models of patients born with UCLP. The second part set out to determine the effect of the presentation of the sample format on the reliability and reproducibility of the 5-year olds' Index scores. Patient models were presented in both 3D digital and plaster models and scored using the reference models in the same two formats as the patient models. The same examiners were used in both parts of the investigation, which comprised experienced and inexperienced examiners. The level of agreement for the digital formats of the 5-year olds' Index was good to very good with the less experienced examiners, in general, demonstrating lower kappa values compared to the experienced examiners. Scoring the 3D digital patient models with the 5-year olds' Index in the same format was associated with a learning curve with general improvements in scores noted on the second occasion. Overjet measure was reported as the most difficult parameter to assess using the 3D digital models followed by assessment of buccal crossbites.
19
Borget, Gisela Lilian. "Variation in arch shape and dynamics of shape change from infancy to early childhood." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5421.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: In order to properly diagnose and treatment plan, an orthodontist needs to be knowledgeable about the changes that occur to the maxillary and mandibular dental arches throughout growth. The purpose of this study is to provide an analysis of morphological shape differences seen in the maxillary and mandibular dental arches individually, as well as together, from birth to 3 years of age.
Methods: Dental casts from the Iowa Infant Growth study ranging from 2 months to age 4 were photographed in the occlusal plane. The images were landmarked with 3 standard landmarks and 10 sliding semi-landmarks along the curvature of the maxillary and mandibular arches. TpsRelW was used to slide the semi-landmarks and superimpose the date to facilitate shape analysis. MorphoJ was used to determine the degree to which size influences dental arch shape. Once the effects of allometry had been removed, a principal component analysis was run on the residuals to display major features of shape variation in the dataset. Finally, a two block partial least squares analysis was run to determine the degree to which the maxillary and mandibular arches were integrated throughout early growth.
Results: Allometry accounts for 9.63% of symmetric shape variation in the maxilla, while it accounts for 56% of symmetric shape variation in the mandible. Asymmetric shape variation is independent of allometry as it only affects 0.34% of the maxillary and 1.46% of the mandibular shape variation. Principal component one accounts for over 60% of all shape variation seen in maxillary and mandibular residuals. Principal component one of symmetric residuals results in a longer, wider dental arch or a shorter, narrower one. Principal component one of asymmetric residuals results in a dental arch with one posterior side being longer and wider while the contralateral side is shorter and narrower. The first three time points (2 months- 1 year) do not display significant integration between the maxillary and mandibular arches. Integration increases with age, displaying significant integration at the last three time points, with the most integration being displayed at 2.5 years.
Conclusions: Allometry affects some of the symmetric shape variation in the maxilla, but over half of the symmetric shape variation in the mandible. The asymmetric components are independent of allometry. Integration of the maxillary and mandibular arches increase with age from 2 months to 3 years, peaking at a time point of 2.5 years.
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Lau, Chi-kai George. "The relationship of the upper anterior teeth to the incisive papilla in Cantonese adults." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628314.
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Cooper, Kayleigh Anne. "The physical characterisation and composition of archaeological dental calculus." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2017. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/12817.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dental calculus is a complex biological material that has been found to provide significant evidence of past population diet, health and habitual activity. It is composed of mineral phases, trace elements, organic species and can have inclusions such as starch granules and microfossils incorporated into its structure. This composition has been found to vary among individuals, although the reasons for this are poorly understood. Despite this, there is a wealth of knowledge that can be gained from analysing this biomineral, especially from archaeological remains. In past populations, the variables that affect composition, such as pharmaceuticals and diet are reduced compared to modern populations. As such the reliance on clinical studies that have investigated dental calculus from modern individuals, may be flawed when considering past populations. The focus of this study was to provide insight about the variation in physical characterisation and composition of archaeological dental calculus. Despite there being an abundance of archaeological dental calculus research, this is the first large scale compositional study of specimens from three separate past populations. In addition, this research is the first study to adopt a non-destructive to destructive approach to archaeological dental calculus analysis. As well, it is the first application of nanocomputed tomography to dental calculus from past populations. Consequently, this study demonstrates the first evidence of accumulation layering that has been detected using non- estructive nano-computed tomography. Furthermore, this research has identified three types of layering in archaeological dental calculus. Due to these findings, it is expected that this research will impact the future of dental calculus analysis, especially when considering dental calculus as a method of mapping an individual’s health, diet or lifestyle in the weeks or months prior to death. The overall results of this thesis demonstrate that some aspects of the morphological, mineralogical and elemental analysis of archaeological dental calculus are inconsistent with clinical literature. The results have also shown that there are some differences between the dental calculus from different archaeological populations which can be related to post-mortem burial conditions.
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Ling, Yu-kong John. "A morphometric study of the dentition of 12 year old Chinese children in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1329006X.
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Kirkland, Scott. "Dental Pathology at Promtin Tai: an Iron Age Cemetery from Central Thailand." NCSU, 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04022010-113936/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this paper is to further understand the dental health of Thailand and Southeast Asia. An analysis of dental pathology frequencies were conducted using recently excavated remains from the Iron Age site of Promtin Tai in Thailand. Carious lesions, advanced attrition, antemortem tooth loss, and abscessing were scored and the frequencies were then compared to other sites within Thailand. Preliminary work suggests that the overall pathology rate at the Promtin Tai site is lower than other known sites within Thailand. The total caries rate of 0.5 percent at Promtin Tai represents a statistically significant difference in total caries rates between the coastal, central, and Khorat Plateau regions of Thailand. Because this is the first site in the central region to be analyzed for dental pathology, comparisons can only be made to sites of a similar time period from the Khorat Plateau (Eastern Thailand) and coastal Thailand. This new analysis may give insight about how the transition to rice agriculture affects the dentition. It also furthers the knowledge of dental health within Iron Age Thailand and Southeast Asia.
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Cruwys, Elizabeth. "Tooth wear patterns in modern human populations." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272343.
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Nassani, Mohammad Zakaria. "Treatment of the shortened dental arch : survey of dentists' preferences, practice and patients' utility values." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488423.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The subject of this thesis was philosophies to treatment or lack of treatment of shortened dental arches. The principal aim of the studies reported in this thesis was to investigate dentists' treatment preferences, dentists' current practice and patients' preferences with respect to the different treatment options for the shortened dental arch (SDA). The objectives of the study were: To review the literature related to the different treatment options for the SDAs. To determine, via a questionnaire, how dentists would treat SDA patients under the clinical scenario, depending on age. To investigate, via visits to dental laboratories, how dentists were seen to have actually treated patients with SDAs. To determine how patients value the outcomes of different treatment options for the SDAs, based on a questionnaire and laboratory models of a variety of clinical treatment options. To compare the perception of dentists and patients to treatment options for the SDAs. The comparison between the results of the three studies presented in this thesis indicated a gap between what the dentists prefer and practise and what the patients prefer and value. This finding, coupled with the fact that decision-making for the treatment options for patients with SDAs is fraught with uncertainties, would emphasise the need for more active communication. between patients and dentists when planning the restorative dental treatment for the SDAs. This could be the optimal approach towards achieving the best treatment outcome.
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Ibrahim, M. A. "A study of dental attrition and diet in some ancient Egyptian populations." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379754.
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Fenton, Todd William 1962. "Dental conditions at Grasshopper Pueblo: Evidence for dietary change and increased stress." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282768.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A dental study of the adult human skeletal series (N = 225) from Grasshopper Pueblo in east-central Arizona is undertaken to address archaeological inferences on diet and stress. An intra-site research design is implemented to evaluate hypotheses on (1) dietary differences over time, between sexes and across space, and (2) differences in physiological stress over time, between sexes and across space at the pueblo. The dentitions are analyzed to collect data on caries, antemortem tooth loss, tooth wear, wear plane angles, alveolar recession and enamel hypoplasia. The teeth are partitioned along biological variables of sex and age, and dimensional variables of time period (early and late) and room block (RB1, RB2 and RB3). The diet/tooth usage results suggest that the diet during the late period at Grasshopper Pueblo was different than the diet during the early period. This is consistent with the inferred intensification of maize agriculture in the late period. In addition, female diets were different than male diets when placed in a temporal context. This is possibly associated with the inferred overexploitation of wild game that may have forced males to hunt farther from home during the late period. The childhood stress data indicate three key findings. First, males exhibited greater enamel hypoplasia frequencies than females. This is possibly associated with an inferred matrilineal-matrilocal social organization at Grasshopper in which female children may have been given preferential treatment. Second, Room Block 2 inhabitants exhibited the lowest frequencies of enamel hypoplasia. This is consistent with the inference that residents of Room Block 2 represent the founding population. Finally, late period inhabitants of Grasshopper Pueblo exhibited significantly greater enamel hypoplasia frequencies than the early period inhabitants. These results are consistent with the inference that life during the late period at Grasshopper was more stressful. The changes in diet and increases in physiological stress that are suggested by this dental study are most likely associated with the dynamics that ultimately led to the abandonment of this 14th-century 500 room pueblo.
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Stephen, Soni. "Dental age determination in South Australian children : thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Dental Surgery /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dms831.pdf.
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Kairalla, Silvana Allegrini. "DETERMINAÇÃO DAS FORMAS E DIMENSÕES DOS ARCOS DENTAIS PARA USO DE ARCO CONTÍNUO NA TÉCNICA LINGUAL." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2011. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/1203.
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Previous issue date: 2011-11-30This study aims to determine the shapes and dimensions of dental arches to define the shape of a straight wire dental arch that could be used in lingual technique. The sample consisted of 70 white Brazilian individuals with normal occlusion and who had at least four of the six keys to normal occlusion as defined by Andrews. This sample was composed of 40% male and 60% female subjects (28 men and 42 women), with an average age of 16,4. The maxilla and mandible dental arch models were (3D) scanned and the images were analyzed in the Delcam Power SHAPE® 2010 software (Birmingham, U.K.). Points on the lingual surfaces of the teeth were selected and 14 measurements were outlined to determine the sizes and shapes of the dental arches. The Shapiro-Wilk Test enabled the definition of the small arch shape, using the 25th percentile (P25%); the average percentile for the medium arch, and a large one defined through the 75th percentile (P75%). Student t-test verified whether there were differences between male and female sexes and 12 dental arch sizes were found (6 for female sex and 6 for male sex). For all the statistical tests, the significance level used was of 5% (p<0,05). From the results found, it was possible to determine the straight-wire arch shape to be used in the LSW technique (Lingual Straight Wire) - a parabola-shaped arch -, slightly flattened on its anterior portion. And, due to the similarities found among the different dental arch sizes, shown by sexual dimorphism, we were able to create a more simplified diagram chart for dental arches.
Este estudo objetiva encontrar a forma e dimensão de arcos dentais para definir a forma de um arco contínuo que possa ser utilizado na técnica lingual. A amostra foi composta de 70 indivíduos brasileiros, leucodermas, com oclusão normal natural, que apresentaram no mínimo quatro das seis chaves de oclusão de Andrews. Esta amostra possui 40% de indivíduos do sexo masculino (28 homens) e 60% do sexo feminino (42 mulheres) com idade média de 16,4a. Os modelos dos arcos dentais da maxila e mandíbula foram digitalizados (3D) e as imagens exportadas para o software Delcam Power SHAPE® 2010 (Birmingham, U.K.). Foram selecionados pontos nas superfícies linguais dos dentes e traçadas 14 medidas para determinar a forma e a dimensão do arco dental. O teste de Shapiro-Wilk possibilitou definir uma forma de arco pequeno utilizando o percentil 25% (P25%), um arco médio (média) e uma forma de arco grande pelo percentil 75% (P75%). O teste t-student comparou se houve uma diferença entre os sexos, e foram encontrados 12 tamanhos de arcos dentais (6 para o sexo feminino e 6 para o sexo masculino). Em todos os testes estatísticos foi adotado nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). A partir dos resultados obtidos, foi possível definir uma forma de arco contínuo para ser utilizado na técnica Lingual Straight Wire (LSW) - parábola levemente achatada na região anterior - e, devido à similaridade entre alguns tamanhos de arcos dentais, encontrados pelo dimorfismo sexual, pôde ser elaborado um diagrama de arcos de maneira mais simplificada.
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Tinoco, Rachel Lima Ribeiro. "Antropologia dental = traços não-métricos de uma amostra brasileira." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290758.
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Orientador: Eduardo Daruge JúniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Os traços não-métricos na morfologia dental, por sua excelente preservação, e variação inter-populacional livre de pressão seletiva, são reconhecidamente um dos principais focos de observação para os pesquisadores que analisam variação humana e sua relação com o histórico biológico das populações. Considerando sua utilização em contexto forense, o conhecimento das características morfológicas do arco dental da população local permite utilizar estes traços como critério adicional para identificação humana individual com fins periciais. Objetivo: O presente estudo propôs uma análise antropológica da morfologia dental de brasileiros, do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, entre 18 e 30 anos, observando a prevalência de alguns traços antropológicos não-métricos encontrados no arco dental de brasileiros, sua relação com os índices levantados por outros pesquisadores, em amostras de diferentes populações, e seu valor pericial como critério adicional na identificação humana. Metodologia: Foram analisados modelos em gesso de 130 indivíduos (59 homens e 71 mulheres), com os seguintes critérios de inclusão: naturalidade brasileira, com ascendentes brasileiros até segundo grau; presença de, no mínimo, dois elementos dentais hígidos, dentre os dentes-alvo; e ausência de relação de consanguinidade com outros participantes. Foi avaliada a presença de seis traços antropológicos, com frequências étnico-geográficas anteriormente publicadas por outros autores, sendo eles: incisivo em forma de pá, tubérculo de Carabelli, quinta cúspide (tubérculo distal acessório), ausência de cúspide disto-palatina, sexta cúspide (tuberculum sextum), e ausência de cúspide disto-vestibular (molar inferior tetra-cuspidado). Resultados: As frequências obtidas de todos os traços avaliados destoaram das frequências anteriormente apresentadas como referentes aos grupos ameríndio ou sulamericano. A amostra analisada possui pouca semelhança com o chamado complexo dental americano, e nítida influência dos complexos caucasóide e subsaariano, o que está de acordo com os acontecimentos históricos locais
Abstract: The non-metric traits in tooth morphology, for their excellent preservation, and inter-population variation, immune from selection pressure, are known to be one of the major sources of observation for researchers who analyze human variation and its relationship to the populations' biological history. In a forensic context, the knowledge of the local morphological characteristics allows its use as additional criterion for human identification purposes. Objective: This study has proposed an anthropological analysis of tooth morphology of Brazilian individuals from Rio de Janeiro, between 18 and 30 years, listing the prevalence of some anthropological non-metric traits, their relationship with frequencies found by other researchers, in different populations, and its value as additional criterion for in human identification. Methodology: The dental casts of 130 individuals (59 males and 71 females) were examined, with the following inclusion criteria: Brazilian naturality, with Brazilian ascendency until second degree, presence of at least two of the target-teeth healthy, and absence of blood relationship with other participants. We evaluated the presence of six non-metric dental traits with populational frequencies previously published by other authors, as follows: shoveling, Carabelli's cusp, cusp 5 (distal accessory tubercle), hypocone absence, cusp 6, and hypoconid absence. Results: The frequencies of all the traits evaluated differ from frequencies previously presented for Amerindian and South American. The sample has little resemblance to the so called american dental complex, and strong influence of the African Sub-Sahara and European patterns, which is in agreement with local historical events
Mestrado
Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
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Barrett, Christopher K. "Fluctuating dental asymmetry as an indicator of stress in prehistoric native Americans of the Ohio River Valley." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1118865152.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 165 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-148). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Williams, Devin N. "The Association of Size Variation in the Dental Arch to Third Molar Agenesis for a Modern Population." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7247.
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The frequency with which individuals do not develop their third molars, or wisdom teeth, is increasing worldwide. This current topic of human evolution is relevant to the research of anthropologists, geneticists, dentists, and other researchers involved in the study of human dentition. Many explanations have been offered to account for the prevalence of molar agenesis including, evolutionary, environmental, and genetic theories. The purpose of this research project is to determine the frequency of third molar agenesis and investigate the relationship between third molar agenesis and maxillomandibular jaw dimensions in a sample of orthodontic patients. This research tests the hypotheses that: H1: Individuals with agenesis of third molars will be significantly different in maxillomandibular dimensions than individuals without agenesis, H2: The agenesis of maxillary third molars is associated with the anteroposterior dimensions of the maxilla, and H3: The agenesis of mandibular third molars is not associated with the anteroposterior dimensions of the mandible. Therefore, the null hypothesis for this research is H0: An individual’s sex and the presence/absence of the third molar are independent. The sample for this research project includes 543 individuals from the University of New Mexico’s Maxwell Museum of Anthropology Orthodontics Case File System. This study examines panoramic radiographs of the dentition for each individual to ascertain whether any of the third molars was congenitally absent, and records the cephalometric measurements for each case for statistical analysis. This study uses descriptive statistics, crosstabulation analysis, chi-square tests, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analysis to investigate any associations between third molar agenesis and maxillomandibular jaw dimensions.
The results show that Native Americans (9.2%), Hispanics (8.46%), and European Americans (8.37%) have a higher frequency of third molar agenesis than African Americans (0.17%) and Asians (0.17%). This finding is consistent with the published body of work on third molar agenesis, in spite of the small sample sizes for diverse populations. There is a significant difference in the number of molars missing among groups. For the present study, based on crosstabulation analysis, most individuals are missing two molars (34.9%), followed by one absent (31.7%), a lack of four molars (25.3%), and finally a lack of 3 molars (7.9%). Individuals with third molar agenesis are nearly twice as likely to be missing a molar from the mandible (62.8%) than the maxilla (36.9%).
This study uses crosstabulation analysis, chi-square analysis, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analysis to assess the association between third molar agenesis and measurements of the dental arcade. This study did not find an association between an individual’s maxillomandibular dimensions and third molar agenesis. Therefore, this study did not find support for the hypothesis that individuals with third molar agenesis would have smaller maxillomandibular dimensions than individuals without agenesis. Based on the findings of this study, an association between the size of an individual’s mouth and third molar agenesis does not exist in the sample analyzed. Third molar agenesis is not occurring due to a lack of room in the mouth, but possibly results from heredity. Therefore, it may be more likely that genetic variation influences third molar agenesis, rather than an evolutionary change in diet.
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Raskin, Sarah Elaine. "Decayed, Missing, and Filled: Subjectivity and the Dental Safety Net in Central Appalachia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581303.
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Dental caries, popularly known as tooth decay or cavities, is among the world's most common health problems. When caught early, it is also one of the most easily resolvable. Yet, advanced decay is a trenchant marker of social inequality and a major contributor to the maldistribution of physical pain and psychosocial suffering. Why? Access to dental care within the U.S. model of fee-for-service dental private practice follows existing lines of social stratification. Dental disparities, a term that calls attention to the relationships between maldistributed disease and maldistributed care, reflect deep ontological, moral, and political differences about responsibility for the prevention and treatment of dental disease, the quality and distribution of dental care, and even what constitutes health and well-being. What kinds of sociopolitical and moral negotiations constitute and transpire around dental disparities? How do these negotiations shape the experiences of patients and providers, and how do their experiences shape these negotiations? What can an ethnography of the dental safety net–a complex, fragile, and unpredictable network of treatment opportunities for low-income families–tell us about health governance more broadly? These are some of the questions that drive my research. In this dissertation, I explore how the sociopolitical relations of dental disparities are enacted through the dental safety net. Drawing on fifteen months of ethnographic research in clinical and community settings in central Appalachia, a region that has come to symbolize the dental crisis in the popular imagination, I show how the dental safety net exemplifies health governance in a neoliberal milieu. A fragmented system characterized by a discontinuity that starkly contrasts the model of health care generally advocated in both private and public medical systems, I argue that the dental safety net in far southwest Virginia does not merely fail to relieve the suffering of marginalized people but also can produce it. For example, the constitution of publicly-funded and charitable dental care can serve to routinize and even incentivize excess extractions among low-income adults while exempting preventive or restorative care. In addition to its effects on underserved patients, the dental safety net is a site through the fraught and contradictory relationships of dental providers and the sociopolitical stakes of the pursuit of oral health equity can be understood. For example, the flexible teamwork arrangements prized in private practice, when posited for the dental safety net, are often interpreted by dentists as risks of pluralization and threats to professional hierarchy that must be contained through legislative means. Borrowing from the crude classificatory scheme used to screen teeth quickly, I show how the dental safety net is decayed, as it bears the wear of overuse beyond maintenance; missing, or better described as an absence than a presence; and filled, like a cavitated tooth or a canaled dental root, with manufactured solutions of variable standards and longevity.
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Aws, Ghassan. "Analysis of symmetry in the anterior human dentition and its application in the evaluation and correction of postural distortion in the photographic recording of human bite marks." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1348.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Postural distortion of human bite marks on skin occurs when photographing a bite mark in a body position other than the position of the body at the time of biting. Postural distortion in the bite mark may introduce significant changes in both the shape and size of the recorded marks. As a result, the analysis of the marks may be hindered and a proper comparison between the bite mark and the causal dentition may be precluded. Therefore, a method by which postural distortion in a bite mark photographic record can be evaluated and eliminated with minimal operator subjectivity is required. This study describes the development of an objective technique for evaluating postural distortion in bite mark photographic records and for minimising postural distortion during photography of bite marks. The source for developing these techniques was provided by digitally analysing the symmetry of dental arches in a defined population including males and females (236 subjects) whose ages ranged between 20 and 30 years. The analysis resulted in quantifying a mathematical relationship between the biting edges of each homologous pair of the anterior teeth and specified reference lines. The validity of the analytical method of dental arch symmetry is discussed. The developed techniques were applied to posturally distorted (test) bite marks. The results demonstrate the validity of the developed techniques in determining postural distortion and recording correct images (shown to resemble the biters dentition) of the test bites. Suggestions for further work are proposed.
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Padilla, Mark Thomas. "POSTURAL ADAPTATIONS IN ARCHWIRE EXPANSION WITH SELF-LIGATING BRACKETS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/291479.
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Oral BiologyM.S.
Objectives: Orthodontic arch development expands and broadens the dentition beyond the confines of the original arch perimeter. This is often accomplished by means of self-ligating fixed appliances. When movements take the teeth outside those confines, without adoption, the muscular forces are unbalanced and may lead to dental relapse. Muscle spindles and associated reflex loops within the tongue provide feedback to arch perimeter changes that may produce postural changes to the new archform. Resting posture has long been accepted as aiding in tooth position. The objective of this study was to assess the oral and pharyngeal postural changes that result from arch development with the Damon system and report the amount of expansion accomplished. Methods: Pre- and post-treatment models and lateral cephalograms were collected on 69 previously treated orthodontic patients from four different private practices. Expansion was measured from the buccal cusp tips of the first and second premolars and first molars. A new cephalometric analysis was implemented to diagnose both variations in malocclusion and variations in posture of the head, neck, pharynx, hyoid bone and tongue. Results: Both tongue height and length increased, 2.9mm (P-value 0.001, SEM=1.06) and 3.76mm (P-value 0.00002, SEM=0.62) respectively, following posterior dental arch expansion using Damon archwires. Hyoid position was not significantly different. Conclusion: As dental arches are expanded the tongue increases in both length and height to fill the space and therefore may aid in stability during the retention phase of treatment. The lack of change in hyoid bone position, as one would expect with a rise in tongue position, might be explained by either slight changes in head position or the need to maintain the airway.
Temple University--Theses
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Caspersen, Matthew Harold. "The development of the curve of Spee in man." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2005. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5391.
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Klainer, Shannon A. "A Re-Examination of the Sinodonty/Sundadonty Dental Complex and the Peopling of Japan." Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13423608.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The primary theory for the peopling of Japan is the dual origin hypothesis that states there were two separate migrations into Japan separated by more than 10,000 years. The early migration involved the ancestors of the Jomon who in turn were ancestral to the Ainu populations in Hokkaido and Sakhalin. A later migration dating to about 2200 BP was comprised of Neolithic farmers known as the Yayoi. There is debate over the origins of both the Jomon and Yayoi, with the dual origin hypothesis positing that the Jomon are Southeast Asian in origin while the Yayoi are East Asian. Others postulate that Jomon origins could lie in Northeast Asia and the Yayoi in Southeast Asia. To re-examine this debate, dental morphological data were analyzed for Jomon (n=643) Ainu (n=285) individuals categorized by island: Honshu, Hokkaido, and Sakhalin. Trait frequencies were compared to East Asian, Southeast Asian, Polynesian, Micronesian, Melanesian, New Guinea, and Australian samples to explore population relationships. Sinodont/Sundadont traits were analyzed through ANOVA for Jomon, Ainu, East Asian, and Southeast Asian populations to determine which traits showed significant differences among the groups. Analysis shows the modern Japanese are quite distinct from, and not related to, the Jomon and Ainu. The most likely geographic origin for the Jomon is Southeast Asia. Gene flow between East and Southeast Asians from the early Holocene on may contribute to some of the problems of interpreting Jomon and Yayoi origins. A lack of significant differences for UI1 double shoveling, UM1 enamel extensions, UP1 root number, LM1 deflecting wrinkle, and cusp number LM2 shows the possibility of Holocene gene flow between East Asia and Southeast Asia. UI1 shoveling most strongly characterizes the migration patterns in the dual origin hypothesis. UI1 shoveling is a trait associated with the EDAR 370A gene variant as well as Sinodonty, meaning that the gene could aid in characterizing migrations into Japan.
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MacDonald, Rachel Margaret. "In the teeth of the problem : dental anthropology and the reconstruction of African dietary regimes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313588.
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Górka, Katarzyna. "Dental morphology and dental wear as dietary and ecological indicators: sexual and inter-group differences in traditional human populations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/384843.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Sexual division of labour involving the use of teeth in non-masticatory activities in the Tigara population form Point Hope did not affect the wear of the upper and lower first molars and, therefore, food chewing was the main factor causing dental wear in this population. No sexual differences were found in the percentage of dentine exposure of the first molars, which is indicative that both sexes in the Tigara populations consumed very similar diets despite sex differences in the dental wear on the anterior dentition have been reported. The percentage of dentine exposure was positively correlated with the age group categories of the individual in the Tigara population, proving that dental wear is a cumulative process throughout lifespan. Crown relief of the first molars was negatively correlated with the percentage of dentine exposure, which shows that dental wear causes a decrease in cusp and crown heights. Crown relief is a continuous variable significantly correlated with age at death. Crown complexity, on the other hand, was greater in teeth with high levels of dentine exposure, showing that wear facets significantly contribute to food processing during mastication.
No significant correlations were found between the percentage of dentine exposure and the density and average length of buccal scratches. However, a trend towards shorter scratches on buccal enamel surfaces was observed with decreasing values of crown relief, which demonstrates that the progressive accumulation of buccal scratches caused by enamel abrasion, which results in a reduction of their average length, is a parallel process with respect to the reduction of crown height. No significant differences on dentine exposure by sex were observed in any of the traditional modern human populations studied, which might be indicative that dental wear on molar teeth is not an adequate measure of the impact of sexual division of labour on the diet of both sexes. No significant differences in dental wear was found between the hunter-gatherer and agro-pastoral groups, despite they had very distinct diets and cultural practices in relation to food acquisition and processing. Such lack of significant wear differences among populations could be indicative that different diets may result in similar wear patterns and that the physical properties of chewed food particles might be more informative on dental wear processes than discrete classifications of dietary habits. First upper molar shape differences from all the modern human populations studied reflected the patterns of human migration and dispersal, although retaining a significant phylogenetic signal. The shape of the upper first molar in the Hutu population may be considered ancestral to the other groups compared that show a derived conditions consisting in more quadrangular and less oval shaped molars.
Molar shape variability clearly discriminated the Sundadont and Sinodont populations. The Sinodont upper first molar would be characterized by more regular, rounded outlines, whereas the Sundadont would show more oval and irregular crown shapes.Los dientes constituyen un material de estudio multidisciplinar y son usados en varias áreas de la ciencia: odontología, anatomía comparativa, paleontología, paleoantropología, genética y ciencias forenses, entre otras. La presente tesis tiene como objetivo principal investigar la variabilidad dental en populaciones de humanos modernos desde una perspectiva multi-metodológica. El enfoque principal fue el desgaste dental, aunque también se analizaron otras características, como la variabilidad métrica, la forma dental, el microdesgaste, el relieve o la complejidad de la corona. Objetivos: Valorar si la división sexual del trabajo presente en los esquimales de Point Hope puede afectar al desgaste del primer molar; Analizar las correlaciones entre marcadores del macrodesgaste, microdesgaste, relieve y complejidad de la corona dental para explorar las diferentes líneas de estudio de la pérdida del esmalte y sus correlaciones; Investigar la posible influencia de la división sexual del trabajo sobre la dienta en diferentes poblaciones de cazadores-recolectores y agricultores; Analizar la forma de los primeros molares en varios grupos de poblaciones humanas modernas mediante la innovadora técnica de la morfología geométrica tridimensional. La investigación ha sido realizada únicamente con el material disponible en las colecciones dentales de la Universidad de Barcelona y la Universidad de Alicante. Se analizaron 251 primeros molares procedentes de 188 individuos de 9 poblaciones diferentes de humanas modernas (Agta, Aborígenes Australianos, Batéké-Balali, Esquimo, Hutu, Javaneses, Khoe, Navajo y San). Al examinar las posibles influencias de la división sexual del trabajo en la dieta en otras poblaciones de economía tradicional, no se ha encontrado tampoco diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en ningún de los grupos analizados. Tampoco se han encontrado variaciones en el desgaste entre los patrones de subsistencia cazador-recolector y agricultor. El estudio de la forma dental muestra una importante variación de la forma del primer molar superior entre los grupos.
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Raskin, Sarah E. "Decayed, missing, and filled| Subjectivity and the dental safety net in central Appalachia." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3725587.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dental caries, popularly known as tooth decay or cavities, is among the world’s most common health problems. When caught early, it is also one of the most easily resolvable. Yet, advanced decay is a trenchant marker of social inequality and a major contributor to the maldistribution of physical pain and psychosocial suffering. Why? Access to dental care within the U.S. model of fee-for-service dental private practice follows existing lines of social stratification. Dental disparities, a term that calls attention to the relationships between maldistributed disease and maldistributed care, reflect deep ontological, moral, and political differences about responsibility for the prevention and treatment of dental disease, the quality and distribution of dental care, and even what constitutes health and well-being. What kinds of sociopolitical and moral negotiations constitute and transpire around dental disparities? How do these negotiations shape the experiences of patients and providers, and how do their experiences shape these negotiations? What can an ethnography of the dental safety net – a complex, fragile, and unpredictable network of treatment opportunities for low-income families – tell us about health governance more broadly? These are some of the questions that drive my research.
In this dissertation, I explore how the sociopolitical relations of dental disparities are enacted through the dental safety net. Drawing on fifteen months of ethnographic research in clinical and community settings in central Appalachia, a region that has come to symbolize the dental crisis in the popular imagination, I show how the dental safety net exemplifies health governance in a neoliberal milieu. A fragmented system characterized by a discontinuity that starkly contrasts the model of health care generally advocated in both private and public medical systems, I argue that the dental safety net in far southwest Virginia does not merely fail to relieve the suffering of marginalized people but also can produce it. For example, the constitution of publicly-funded and charitable dental care can serve to routinize and even incentivize excess extractions among low-income adults while exempting preventive or restorative care. In addition to its effects on underserved patients, the dental safety net is a site through the fraught and contradictory relationships of dental providers and the sociopolitical stakes of the pursuit of oral health equity can be understood. For example, the flexible teamwork arrangements prized in private practice, when posited for the dental safety net, are often interpreted by dentists as risks of pluralization and threats to professional hierarchy that must be contained through legislative means. Borrowing from the crude classificatory scheme used to screen teeth quickly, I show how the dental safety net is decayed, as it bears the wear of overuse beyond maintenance; missing, or better described as an absence than a presence; and filled, like a cavitated tooth or a canaled dental root, with manufactured solutions of variable standards and longevity.
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Huffman, Michaela. "Biological Variation in South American Populations using Dental Non-Metric Traits: Assessment of Isolation by Time and Distance." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407958702.
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Jayaraman, Jayakumar. "Dental age assessment of Southern Chinese using Demirjian's dataset and the United Kingdom dataset." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45447767.
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Jorge, Paula Karine. "Evaluation of the dental arch in children with cleft lip and palate by means of 3D digital models." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-14012015-103434/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the dimensional alterations of dental arches of cleft lip and palate children after cheiloplasty at two rehabilitation centers. The sample was composed of 94 digital models and divided in two groups: Group I 23 children, assisted at University of Zurich with presurgical orthopedic intervention (Hotz plate); Group II 24 children, assisted at Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies of the University of São Paulo without presurgical orthopedic intervention. The three dimensional images were used to evaluate before lip repair (stage 1) and approximately 1 year old (stage 2). The obtained measures were: intercanine distance, intertuberosity distance, anterior-posterior arch distance, anterior-posterior cleft length, anterior and posterior cleft width. The comparison between stages 1 and 2 was evaluated in group I, group II and between group I and II. The alterations between groups were verified by Independent t test. If the sample did not present a normal distribution, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used. In Group I, the comparisons between stages 1 and 2 showed that the intertuberosity and anterior-posterior arch distance increased and the intercanine, anterior and posterior cleft distances decreased. In Group II, the comparisons between stages 1 and 2 showed that intertuberosity distance increased and intercanine, anteriorposterior cleft length distances, anterior and posterior cleft widths decreased. The comparison of the dimensional alterations of dental arches between the two rehabilitation centers exhibited differences: in the stage 1, the intercanine distance decreased in Group II; in the stage 2, the anterior cleft width, the intercanine distance and the anterior-posterior cleft length decreased in Group II, suggesting the superposition of maxillary segments; in Group II, there was a greater narrowing of the anterior and posterior cleft widths, suggesting that Hotz plate induced a more evenly and equidistant approximation of maxillary segments in Group I. It is worth emphasizing that more studies should be conduct to reduce the variability in treatment protocols for cleft lip and palate patients, thus assuring the best evidencebased treatment.O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações dimensionais dos arcos dentários de crianças com fissura de lábio e palato após a queiloplastia em dois centros de reabilitação. A amostra foi composta por 94 imagens digitais de modelos de gesso, e dividida em dois grupos: Grupo I - 23 crianças, tratas na Universidade de Zurique, com intervenção ortopédica pré-cirúrigica (placa de Holtz); Grupo II - 24 crianças tratadas no Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo, sem intervenção ortopédica pré-cirúrgica. As imagens tridimensionais dos modelos de gesso foram avaliados antes da queiloplastia (estágio 1) e com aproximadamente 1 ano de idade (estágio 2). As seguintes dimensões foram obtidas: comprimento anteroposterior da fissura, amplitude anterior da fissura, amplitude posterior da fissura, comprimento anteroposterior do arco, distância intercaninos e distância intertuberosidades. As comparações foram realizadas entre os estágios 1 e 2 e entre os grupos I e II. As diferenças entre os grupos foram verificadas pelo teste t independente, os testes de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney foram usados. No Grupo I, entre os estágios 1 e 2, as distâncias intertuberosidade aumentou e as distâncias intercaninos, distância anteroposterior da fissura, amplitude anterior e posterior da fissura diminuíram. A comparação entre as alterações dimensionais dos arcos dentários entre os dois centros de reabilitação apresentaram diferenças: no estágio 1, a distância intercaninos foi menor no Grupo II que no Grupo I; e no estágio 2, a amplitude anterior da fissura, a distância intercaninos e o comprimento anteroposterior da fissura foram menos no Grupo II que no Grupo I, sugerindo sobreposição dos segmentos maxilares. No Grupo II, houve maior estreitamento nas amplitudes anterior e posterior da fissura, sugerindo que a placa de Holtz no Grupo I induziu a aproximação dos segmentos maxilares de forma mais uniforme e equidistante. É importante salientar que mais estudos longitudinais precisam ser conduzidos a fim de reduzir a variabilidade de protocolos de tratamento em pacientes com fissura de lábio e palato, garantindo o melhor tratamento baseado em evidências científicas.
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Sacksteder, James Martin. "Dental Arch Width and Length Parameters in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea vs Patients Without: A Pilot Study." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1490040724141358.
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Markic, Goran. "Association between transversal dentoskeletal dimensions and Class II severity /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000281109.
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Edgar, Heather Joy Hecht. "Biological Distance and the African American Dentition." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1039193040.
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McClelland, John Alan. "Refining the resolution of biological distance studies based on the analysis of dental morphology: Detecting subpopulations at Grasshopper Pueblo." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280433.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study of variation in dental morphology has long been an accepted method of assessing biological distance between human populations. Recently, greater emphasis has been placed on detecting biological differences within populations. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine if a refined method of dental morphological analysis is capable of detecting the presence of population subsets. A large collection of skeletal remains from Grasshopper Pueblo in east-central Arizona is the subject of the study. The pueblo was occupied from A.D. 1275 to 1400. Previously, researchers have demonstrated through the application of archaeological and chemical isotope evidence that there were population subsets at Grasshopper that had differing geographic origins within the region. Therefore, the efficacy of intrasite biodistance based on analysis of dental morphology may be tested against this independent source of information regarding population subdivisions. The principal refinement in method involves the measurement of tooth crown components through the use of digital imaging. More than 600 specimens were examined and a full suite of nonmetric and metric traits were recorded. Intra- and interobserver tests were conducted and some traits were excluded from further analyses because of questionable reliability. Replicability of the digital image measurements is encouraging. In general, univariate comparisons of trait frequencies among suspected population subdivisions were not conclusive. Multivariate analysis, using Gower's general coefficient of similarity with subsequent cluster analysis, proved more successful. The spatial distributions of the adult population subdivisions that are suggested by the chemical isotope study and this dental biodistance study are similar. This result tends to confirm the efficacy of dental morphology as a tool for intrasite biodistance investigation. The spatial patterns formed by cluster analysis of juveniles differ substantially from the adult patterns. Furthermore, the use of tooth crown component measurements proved more effective at detecting population subdivisions than the use of standard ordinal traits.
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Avalos, Toby R. "Discerning hominid taxonomic variation in the southern Chinese, peninsular Southeast Asian, and Sundaic Pleistocene dental record." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5705.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Today’s highly endangered orangutan populations of Sumatra and Borneo offer but a glimpse into the taxonomic diversity and vast regional distribution enjoyed by orangutans and their great ape relatives in East Asia over the past 2.5 million years—a time when tropical forest pongine habitats stretched from Java to southern China. In addition to the giant terrestrial ape Gigantopithecus, other great ape genera have been proposed to have existed within this hominid community. The taxonomic diversity of this great ape faunal array is even further complicated when the purported presence of hominins at Early Pleistocene sites older than 1.85 Ma is considered. Highly acidic, the jungle floors of East Asia are notoriously bad at fossil preservation decomposing skeletal and dental evidence quickly. Fortunately, ph-neutral limestone caves have acted to offset these forces. The outcome of this peculiar taphonomy has left us with many teeth, but very little bone. With only unassociated fossil dentition to work with, modern geometric morphometrics offers scientists one of the few cutting-edge tools capable of systematically assessing this material reliably.
This dissertation applies modern geometric morphometric statistical analysis to over two thousand fossil hominid teeth (Appendix A) from the Quaternary of southern China and Southeast Asia, which offers unique insight into the taxonomic diversity present in this sole Pleistocene great ape community. This study provides a much clearer understanding of the composition, paleoecology, and regional distribution of Pleistocene great ape communities of East Asia. Concordant with previous research, the main study and pilot study conducted in this dissertation showed Homo sapiens to always be morphologically and statistically distinct from extant and fossil orangutans. In turn, Pongo pygmaeus and Pongo abelii were continuously shown to be distinct from each other as well as from fossil Pongo groups.
This investigation refutes hominin assignments for several teeth previously placed within early East Asian hominins (showing them to be orangutans instead) but supports the hominin status of the Jianshi upper third premolar. In combination with a published age of 1.95–2.15 million years (Ma), the hominin assignment reaffirmed here for the Jianshi dentition originally classified as human by Liu, Clarke, & Xing (2010) may offer a challenge to evolutionary models that recognize the 1.85 Ma Dmanisi hominins as the earliest hominins outside of Africa. This fact is often lost on most contemporary scientists due to their preoccupation with the 2.5 Ma Longgupo mandibular fragment, once thought to be a hominin but now assignable to an ape. Like the Jianshi upper third premolar, it is also based on a single specimen (in this case, a mandibular fragment).
This dissertation supports the existence of Ciochon’s (2009) “mystery ape”. It refutes Schwartz et al., (1995) multiple Vietnamese Pongo taxa, including the proposed genus “Langsonia,” which is reassigned here to Pongo or the “mystery ape,” while placing Vietnamese fossil orangutans into either Pongo weidenreichi or Pongo devosi. Teeth from the Ralph von Koenigswald collection originally assigned to “Hemanthropus” were also determined to be representative of either the “mystery ape” or Pongo. Indeterminate “hominin” teeth were assignable to either Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, or Pongo only; no evidence was found for any other types of hominin species present in the collections examined for this study.
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Ayub, Priscila Vaz. "Analysis of the maxillary dental arch after rapid maxillary expansion in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-14012015-094508/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentoalveolar effects of rapid maxillary expansion in children with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate in comparison with non-cleft patients. Methods: The experimental group (EG) was composed of 25 patients with unilateral and complete cleft lip and palate (9 males and 15 females) with a mean age of 10.6 years. The control group (CG) comprised of 27 patients without cleft lip and palate (14 males and 13 females) with a mean age of 9.1 years. Dental models of the maxillary dental arch were obtained immediately preexpansion (T1) and 6 months post-expansion (T2) at the time of appliance removal. Digital dental models were obtained using the 3Shape R700 3D laser scanner (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark). Transversal widths, arch perimeter, arch length, palatal depth, palatal volume, canine and posterior tooth inclination were digitally measured. Paired t-test was used to perform interphase comparisons and independent t-test to perform intergroup comparisons (p<0.05). Results: In the experimental group, the expansion produced a ignificant increase of all maxillary transverse measurements, palatal volume, arch perimeter and palatal depth while decreased the arch length. RME caused a buccal tip of posterior teeth in patients with UCLP. No differences were observed between experimental and control groups for all the measurements performed except for the intermolar distance (6-6), which showed a greater increase in patients with cleft. Conclusion: Rapid maxillary expansion showed similar dentoalveolar effects in children with UCLP and without oral clefts.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentoalveolar effects of rapid maxillary expansion in children with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate in comparison with non-cleft patients. Methods: The experimental group (EG) was composed of 25 patients with unilateral and complete cleft lip and palate (9 males and 15 females) with a mean age of 10.6 years. The control group (CG) comprised of 27 patients without cleft lip and palate (14 males and 13 females) with a mean age of 9.1 years. Dental models of the maxillary dental arch were obtained immediately preexpansion (T1) and 6 months post-expansion (T2) at the time of appliance removal. Digital dental models were obtained using the 3Shape R700 3D laser scanner (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark). Transversal widths, arch perimeter, arch length, palatal depth, palatal volume, canine and posterior tooth inclination were digitally measured. Paired t-test was used to perform interphase comparisons and independent t-test to perform intergroup comparisons (p<0.05). Results: In the experimental group, the expansion produced a ignificant increase of all maxillary transverse measurements, palatal volume, arch perimeter and palatal depth while decreased the arch length. RME caused a buccal tip of posterior teeth in patients with UCLP. No differences were observed between experimental and control groups for all the measurements performed except for the intermolar distance (6-6), which showed a greater increase in patients with cleft. Conclusion: Rapid maxillary expansion showed similar dentoalveolar effects in children with UCLP and without oral clefts.
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Crepaldi, Jairo Lessa. "Análise da oclusão dentária em crianças portadoras de fissura completa de lábio e palato." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23152/tde-14092012-161409/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As fissuras labiopalatinas alteram o crescimento e o desenvolvimento do complexo maxilo-mandibular, assim como todas as funções orofaciais. As cirurgias reparadoras primárias representam o maior agente modificador do crescimento maxilo-facial, de forma a restringi-lo. O sucesso do tratamento reabilitador do paciente fissurado depende da correta atuação de uma equipe multidisciplinar. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as condições oclusais em modelos de gesso de pacientes portadores de fissura labiopalatina completa, não sindrômicos, correlacionando o prognóstico ao tipo de fissura, fase de desenvolvimento da dentição, gênero e hospital de reabilitação cirúrgica. Utilizou-se 87 pares de modelos das arcadas dentárias de pacientes fissurados do Ambulatório da Disciplina de Prótese Buco Maxilo Facial da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo, que haviam sido submetidos às cirurgias reparadoras primárias em cronologia clássica (queiloplastia 3 a 6 meses e palatoplastia 18 meses), sem enxerto ósseo alveolar e/ou tratamento ortodôntico prévio. O grupo estudado foi composto de 57 pacientes com Fissura Labiopalatina unilateral, com idade média de 6 anos e 5 meses e 30 pacientes com Fissura Labiopalatina bilateral com idade média de 6 anos e 2 meses. Para a classificação dos modelos em gesso de fissurados unilaterais, foram utilizados o Índice de 5 anos e o Índice de Goslon, na dentição decídua e mista respectivamente, enquanto que para as fissuras bilaterais empregou-se o Índice de Bilateral. Os três índices referidos compreendem uma escala de 1 a 5, com grau crescente de severidade de má oclusão. Os modelos foram avaliados pelo pesquisador e mais 2 examinadores, em dois momentos distintos, quando se alcançou um alto grau de confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade (Teste de Cronbach e Análise de Correlação de Spearman). Posteriormente, para as análises complementares, utilizaram-se apenas os dados fornecidos pelo pesquisador, os quais foram agrupados em prognóstico dos resultados a longo prazo em: bom (graus 1 e 2); regular ( grau 3 ) e pobre ( graus 4 e 5 ). Aplicou-se o Teste da Razão de Verossimilhança para verificar as possíveis diferenças entre as variáveis de interesse, quando não se encontrou, para a amostra total, correlação entre prognóstico e tipo de fenda, gênero e hospitais de reabilitação. Apenas nos pacientes com fissuras unilaterais houve associação do prognóstico à fase de dentição (p=0,019) e aos hospitais de reabilitação (p=0,025). Este trabalho permitiu concluir que as fissuras unilaterais na fase de dentição decídua mostraram menor severidade de má-oclusão, e que o Hospital de referência da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo apresentou resultados mais favoráveis em relação aos demais.The cleft lip and palate alter the growth and development of the maxillo-mandibular complex as well as all orofacial functions. Primary repair surgery represents the largest modifier agent of maxillofacial growth in order to limit it. The success of the rehabilitation treatment of the cleft patient depends on the correct performance of a multidisciplinary team. This study aimed to assess the occlusal conditions, in plaster models, of patients with complete cleft lip and palate, non syndromic, correlating to the type of cleft, stage of dental development, gender and surgical rehabilitation hospital. For this study, 87 pairs of casts from cleft patients of the Ambulatory of Oral Maxillo Facial Prosthesis of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of São Paulo (USP), that had been undertaken to primary classical repair surgeries (cheiloplasty 3 to 6 months and palatoplasty 18 months), without prior alveolar bone graft and/or orthodontic treatment. The group studied was composed of 57 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, with mean age of 6 years, 5 months and 30 patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate with mean age of 6 years, 2 months. For the classification of plaster casts for unilateral cleft, the index of 5 years and the index of Goslon, in the deciduous and mixed dentition, respectively, whereas the Bilateral index was used for bilateral cleft. The three mentioned indexes comprise a scale of 1 to 5, with increasing levels of severity of malocclusion. The models were evaluated by the researcher and two other examiners in two distinct occasions, when a high degree of reliability and reproducibility was reached. Subsequently, for the additional analysis, it was used only the data provided by the researcher, which were grouped into long-term prognosis results in: good (grades 1 and 2); regular (grade 3) and poor (grades 4 and 5). The likelihood ratio test was used to verify the possible differences between the variables of interest, and the results did not show, for the total sample, any correlation between prognostic and cleft type, gender, and rehabilitation hospitals. Only patients with unilateral clefts there was an association of the prognostic to the dental stag of dental development (p=0.019) and rehabilitation hospitals (p=0.025). This study revealed that the unilateral clefts in the deciduous dentition stage showed a lesser severity for poor occlusion, and that the Referral Hospital of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of São Paulo has the most favorable results compared to others.