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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

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1

Leblond, Mathieu, Christian Dussault, and Jean-Pierre Ouellet. "Réponses comportementales du caribou forestier à l’élargissement d’un axe routier majeur." Projets entourant la route 175 136, no. 2 (May 11, 2012): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1009102ar.

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Nous avons évalué les réactions du caribou forestier (Rangifer tarandus caribou) face à une route majeure avant, pendant et après son élargissement. Nous avons suivi 53 individus par télémétrie GPS de 2004 à 2010, et avons étudié leurs déplacements et leur distribution par rapport à la route 175, en réfection depuis 2006. Nous avons comparé le taux des traversées réelles de la route par les caribous à des traversées de routes aléatoires, et avons mesuré le taux de déplacement des caribous au moment d’une traversée. Nous avons aussi évalué la sélection des ressources dans le domaine vital des individus, ainsi que dans des zones de 1 250, 2 500 et 5 000 m de chaque côté de la route. Seulement 12 caribous traversèrent la route, pour un total de 93 traversées en 7 ans. Moins de localisations de caribous furent observées près de la route pendant et après les travaux de réfection, qu’avant les travaux. Le taux de déplacement des caribous fut plus élevé à proximité de la route, particulièrement lorsque la densité du trafic était élevée. Nous concluons que la connectivité entre les 2 côtés de la route doit être maintenue afin de maximiser les chances de viabilité de cette population au statut précaire.

2

Bernard, J., C. L. Ribot, J. M. Pouilles, A. Blasco, and P. de Lesquen. "Syndrome pré-fracturaire et fracture de fatigue: à propos de huit localisations fémorales. Apport du calcul de la densité osseuse par absorptiométrie biphotonique." Science & Sports 1, no. 2 (July 1986): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0765-1597(86)80030-2.

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3

Msigwa, Samwel, Shuang Hong, Veronica Lyimo, and Elizabeth Marealle. "Headache to a Patient with the Coexistence of Chiari I Malformations and Primary Empty Sella Syndrome: A Case Report la Syndrome: A Case Report." Tanzania Journal of Health Research 25, no. 2 (April 2, 2024): 947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/thrb.v25i2.18.

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Background: Chiari I malformations (CM-I) and Primary Empty Sella syndrome (PESS) are rare disorders of structural defects within a skull. Headache is the most common presenting symptom in both conditions. However, CM-I and ESS comorbidity in patients with severe headaches is yet to be reported. Case description: The patient was a 38-year-old woman with a one-year history of headaches at various localisations (occipital and bilateral frontal) preceded by mood agitation. Physical examination was significant for obesity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 6.4 mm cerebellar tonsil descent through the foramen magnum and hypointense (CSF-filled) flattened sella. The lipid panel showed elevated cholesterols (total) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. She was medically managed, with no report of symptoms relapses at one-month and two-month follow-ups. Conclusion: This is the first report on comorbid CM-I and PESS in adults presenting with cephalalgia. PESS and CM-I co-occurrence may present with mixed headache localisation; careful history-taking and imaging are mandatory for diagnosis confirmation. Future extensive studies are warranted to analyse the pathophysiological interplay between these two rare disorders.

4

Furness, James W., Ulf Ekström, Trygve Helgaker, and Andrew M. Teale. "Electron localisation function in current-density-functional theory." Molecular Physics 114, no. 7-8 (January 13, 2016): 1415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2015.1133859.

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5

Bhatt, Bhavya, Manish Ram Chander, Raj Patil, Ruchira Mishra, Shlok Nahar, and Tejinder P. Singh. "Path Integrals, Spontaneous Localisation, and the Classical Limit." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 75, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2019-0251.

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AbstractThe measurement problem and the absence of macroscopic superposition are two foundational problems of quantum mechanics today. One possible solution is to consider the Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber (GRW) model of spontaneous localisation. Here, we describe how spontaneous localisation modifies the path integral formulation of density matrix evolution in quantum mechanics. We provide two new pedagogical derivations of the GRW propagator. We then show how the von Neumann equation and the Liouville equation for the density matrix arise in the quantum and classical limit, respectively, from the GRW path integral.

6

Herrera-Marti, David A., Ying Li, and Leong Chuan Kwek. "Quasiparticle localisation via frequent measurements." Quantum Information and Computation 14, no. 13&14 (October 2014): 1136–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic14.13-14-6.

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Topological quantum memories in two dimensions are not thermally stable, since once a quasiparticle excitation is created, it will delocalise at no energy cost. This places an upper bound on the lifetime of quantum information stored in them. We address this issue for a topological subsystem code introduced in [Bravyi S.{\em et al.}, Quant.~Inf.~Comp.~13(11):0963]. By frequently measuring the gauge operators of the code, a technique known as Operator Quantum Zeno Effect [Li Y. {\em et al.}, preprint arXiv:1305.2464], the dynamics responsible for quasiparticle motion is suppressed, and can eventually be ``frozen" in the large frequency limit. A feature of this method is that the density operator of the code does not commute with the measurement operators, so the density matrix will be randomised after a few measurements. However the logical operators commute with the measurement operators and are thus protected.

7

Schubert, Gerald, and Holger Fehske. "Charge Carrier Localisation in Disordered Graphene Nanoribbons." Materials Science Forum 700 (September 2011): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.700.80.

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We study the electronic properties of actual-size graphene nanoribbons subjected tosubstitutional disorder particularly with regard to the experimentally observed metal-insulatortransition. Calculating the local, mean and typical density of states, as well as the time-evolutionof the particle density we comment on a possible disorder-induced localisation of charge carriersat and close to the Dirac point within a percolation transition scenario.

8

Vorderwülbecke, Bernd J., Amir G. Baroumand, Laurent Spinelli, Margitta Seeck, Pieter van Mierlo, and Serge Vulliémoz. "Automated interictal source localisation based on high-density EEG." Seizure 92 (November 2021): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2021.09.020.

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9

Ros, Montserrat, Joshua Boom, Gavin de Hosson, and Matthew D'Souza. "Indoor Localisation Using a Context-Aware Dynamic Position Tracking Model." International Journal of Navigation and Observation 2012 (February 13, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/293048.

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Indoor wireless localisation is a widely sought feature for use in logistics, health, and social networking applications. Low-powered localisation will become important for the next generation of pervasive media applications that operate on mobile platforms. We present an inexpensive and robust context-aware tracking system that can track the position of users in an indoor environment, using a wireless smart meter network. Our context-aware tracking system combines wireless trilateration with a dynamic position tracking model and a probability density map to estimate indoor positions. The localisation network consisted of power meter nodes placed at known positions in a building. The power meter nodes are tracked by mobile nodes which are carried by users to localise their position. We conducted an extensive trial of the context-aware tracking system and performed a comparison analysis with existing localisation techniques. The context-aware tracking system was able to localise a person's indoor position with an average error of 1.21 m.

10

Radanovic, M., K. Khoshelham, and C. Fraser. "VIRTUAL ELEMENT RETRIEVAL IN MIXED REALITY." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-4-2022 (May 18, 2022): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-4-2022-227-2022.

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Abstract. The application of mixed reality visualisation in construction engineering requires accurate placement and retrieval of virtual models within the real world, which depends on the localisation accuracy. However, it is hard to understand what this means practically from localisation accuracy alone. For example, when we superimpose a Building Information Model (BIM) over the real building, it is unclear how well does a BIM element fit the real one and how small a BIM element are we able to retrieve. In this paper, we evaluate virtual element retrieval by designing an experiment where we attempt to retrieve a set of cubes of different sizes placed in both the real and the virtual world. Furthermore, inspired by existing camera localisation methods for indoor MR being almost exclusively image-based, we use a localisation approach based solely on 3D-3D model registration. The approach is based on the automated registration of a low-density mesh model of the surroundings created by the MR device to the existing point cloud of an indoor environment. We develop a prototype and perform experiments on real-world data which show high localisation accuracy, with average translation and rotation errors of 1.4 cm and 0.24°, respectively. Finally, we show that the success rate of virtual element retrieval is closely related to the localisation accuracy.

11

Kotov, S. V., A. A. Nemenov, R. A. Perov, and N. M. Sokolov. "Gender-related differences and its effects on ureteroscopy success." Urology Herald 11, no. 3 (October 4, 2023): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2023-11-3-35-43.

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Introduction. The prevalence of urinary stone disease (USD) historically considered a predominantly male disease. It has been rising over the last several decades with the rate of increase being higher among females. However, factors such as stone localisation, size, and density are usually analysed in postureteroscopic complications, and reports on gender-specific differences in the treatment of USD are scarce.Objective. To investigate the impact of gender differences on treatment success, intraoperative and postoperative complications in patients undergoing ureteroscopy.Materials & methods. A total of 300 patients with USD, who were performed ureteroscopic interventions in the period from September 2021 to November 2022 in Yudin City Clinical Hospital. Depending on gender, patients were divided into two groups — 194 (64.7%) men and 106 (35.3%) women. Recurrent USD was observed in 71 (36.6%) cases in Group I and in 45 (42.5%) cases in Group II, with an average recurrence time of 4.3 and 6.3 years, respectively. Male and female patients have had stone location in the upper third in 14.4% and 18.9% of cases, in the middle third in 18% and 6.6% (p = 0.005), in the lower third in 36 .1% and 49.1% (p = 0.04), in the intramural ureter in 28.9% and 21.7%, and in several localisations in 2.6% and 3.8% of cases, respectively.Results. The duration of surgery did not differ in both groups and composed 41.6 minutes. Internal ureteral stent placement was in 37 (19.1%) male patients and in 14 (13.2%) female patients. Based on specialised postureteroscopic lesion scales such as PULS and Satava, the percentage of complications in Groups I and II was 2.1 and 2.8 and 4.1 and 9.4 (p = 0.03) respectively.Conclusion. The development of acute renal colic in women with patients less intensity than in the male group leads to hospitalisation in the delayed period. In female patients, the number of postureteroscopic complications has higher rates due to the size and density of the stone and its location.

12

Alcón, Isaac, and Stefan T. Bromley. "Structural control over spin localization in triarylmethyls." RSC Advances 5, no. 119 (2015): 98593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra19008h.

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Using density functional theory calculations we demonstrate the existence of a general relation between structure and spin localisation in an important class of organic radicals, and point towards its potential use in future applications.

13

Zhao, Ji, Deyu Meng, and Jiayi Ma. "Density‐based region search with arbitrary shape for object localisation." IET Computer Vision 9, no. 6 (December 2015): 943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-cvi.2014.0442.

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14

Fanchini, G., and A. Tagliaferro. "Localisation and density of states in amorphous carbon-based alloys." Diamond and Related Materials 10, no. 2 (February 2001): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-9635(00)00467-2.

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15

Onofri, Elia, and Alessandro Corbetta. "RSSi-Based Visitor Tracking in Museums via Cascaded AI Classifiers and Coloured Graph Representations." Collective Dynamics 6 (January 19, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17815/cd.2021.131.

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Individual tracking of museum visitors based on portable radio beacons, an asset for behavioural analyses and comfort/performance improvements, is seeing increasing diffusion. Conceptually, this approach enables room-level localisation based on a network of small antennas (thus, without invasive modification of the existent structures). The antennas measure the intensity (RSSi) of self-advertising signals broadcasted by beacons individually assigned to the visitors. The signal intensity provides a proxy for the distance to the antennas and thus indicative positioning. However, RSSi signals are well-known to be noisy, even in ideal conditions (high antenna density, absence of obstacles, absence of crowd, ...). In this contribution, we present a method to perform accurate RSSi-based visitor tracking when the density of antennas is relatively low, e.g. due to technical constraints imposed by historic buildings. We combine an ensemble of "simple" localisers, trained based on ground-truth, with an encoding of the museum topology in terms of a total-coloured graph. This turns the localisation problem into a cascade process, from large to small scales, in space and in time. Our use case is visitors tracking in Galleria Borghese, Rome (Italy), for which our method manages >96% localisation accuracy, significantly improving on our previous work (J. Comput. Sci. 101357, 2021).

16

Saiz, Fernan, and Nick Quirke. "The excess electron in polymer nanocomposites." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 43 (2018): 27528–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp04741c.

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We have used ab initio molecular dynamics and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory to evaluate the energy and localisation of excess electrons at a number of representative interfaces of polymer nanocomposites.

17

Eng, Julien, Jerry Hagon, and Thomas James Penfold. "D–A3 TADF emitters: the role of the density of states for achieving faster triplet harvesting rates." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 41 (2019): 12942–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02561h.

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A D–A₃ structure is used to enhance the triplet harvesting rate of a purely organic molecule. However, excited state symmetry breaking dynamics plays an detrimental role causing localisation of the electronic structure and reducing this rate.

18

Schaletzki, Yvonne, Marie-Luise Kromrey, Susanne Bröderdorf, Elke Hammer, Markus Grube, Paul Hagen, Sonja Sucic, et al. "Several adaptor proteins promote intracellular localisation of the transporter MRP4/ABCC4 in platelets and haematopoietic cells." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 117, no. 01 (2017): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th16-01-0045.

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SummaryThe multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4) has been identified as an important transporter for signalling molecules including cyclic nucleotides and several lipid mediators in platelets and may thus represent a novel target to interfere with platelet function. Besides its localisation in the plasma membrane, MRP4 has been also detected in the membrane of dense granules in resting platelets. In polarised cells it is localised at the basolateral or apical plasma membrane. To date, the mechanism of MRP4 trafficking has not been elucidated; protein interactions may regulate both the localisation and function of this transporter. We approached this issue by searching for interacting proteins by in vitro binding assays, followed by immunoblotting and mass spectrometry, and by visualising their co-localisation in platelets and haematopoietic cells. We identified the PDZ domain containing scaffold proteins ezrin-binding protein 50 (EBP50/NHERF1), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and sorting nexin 27 (SNX27), but also the adaptor protein complex 3 subunit β3A (AP3B1) and the heat shock protein HSP90 as putative interaction partners of MRP4. The knockdown of SNX27, PSD95, and AP3B1 by siRNA in megakaryoblastic leuk aemia cells led to a redistribution of MRP4 from intracellular structures to the plasma membrane. Inhibition of HSP90 led to a diminished expression and retention of MRP4 in the endoplasmic reticulum. These results indicate that MRP4 localisation and function are regulated by multiple protein interactions. Changes in the adaptor proteins can hence lead to altered localisation and function of the transporter.Supplementary Material to this article is available at www.thrombosis-online.com.

19

Dale, Stephen G., and Erin R. Johnson. "Counterintuitive electron localisation from density-functional theory with polarisable solvent models." Journal of Chemical Physics 143, no. 18 (November 14, 2015): 184112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4935177.

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20

Mohseni, Hamid R., Morten L. Kringelbach, Mark W. Woolrich, Adam Baker, Tipu Z. Aziz, and Penny Probert-Smith. "Non-Gaussian probabilistic MEG source localisation based on kernel density estimation." NeuroImage 87 (February 2014): 444–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.09.012.

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21

Campbell, A. W., W. E. Bain, A. F. McRae, T. E. Broad, P. D. Johnstone, K. G. Dodds, B. A. Veenvliet, et al. "Bone density in sheep: genetic variation and quantitative trait loci localisation." Bone 33, no. 4 (October 2003): 540–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s8756-3282(03)00228-x.

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22

Burr, J. N., D. A. Poulton, and G. J. Morgan. "Localisation and the critical density of states for the Anderson model." Physica B: Condensed Matter 176, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(92)90598-m.

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23

Dai, H., A. G. Chen, X. F. Gu, and L. He. "Localisation algorithm for large-scale and low-density wireless sensor networks." Electronics Letters 47, no. 15 (2011): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2011.1166.

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24

Tafinine, Farid, and Fatiha Behloul. "Detection of Faults in Photovoltaic Module in the Frequency Domain." Algerian Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46657/ajresd.2021.3.2.6.

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A photovoltaic system can be subject to various faults and anomalies during its operation, leading to a drop in performance. Allowing fine diagnosis, detection and localisation of faults in a Photovoltaic (PV) installation reduces maintenance costs and above all increases productivity. In what follows, we focus specifically on the detection and localisation of faults on the AC side of the PV system. For this purpose, the choice was made to analyse the power generated by the PV in the frequency domain for the various operating modes under consideration. Based on the spectral analysis of the three phases of the generated currents, faults characteristic frequencies are highlighted in the power spectral density of the first principal component. The diagnosis method gives a good basis for a non intrusive condition monitoring tool for PV system.

25

Martín-Belmonte, Alejandro, Carolina Aguado, Rocío Alfaro-Ruiz, José Luis Albasanz, Mairena Martín, Ana Esther Moreno-Martínez, Yugo Fukazawa, and Rafael Luján. "The Density of Group I mGlu5 Receptors Is Reduced along the Neuronal Surface of Hippocampal Cells in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (May 30, 2021): 5867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115867.

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Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) is implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, its alteration at the subcellular level in neurons is still unexplored. Here, we provide a quantitative description on the expression and localisation patterns of mGlu5 in the APP/PS1 model of AD at 12 months of age, combining immunoblots, histoblots and high-resolution immunoelectron microscopic approaches. Immunoblots revealed that the total amount of mGlu5 protein in the hippocampus, in addition to downstream molecules, i.e., Gq/11 and PLCβ1, was similar in both APP/PS1 mice and age-matched wild type mice. Histoblots revealed that mGlu5 expression in the brain and its laminar expression in the hippocampus was also unaltered. However, the ultrastructural techniques of SDS-FRL and pre-embedding immunogold demonstrated that the subcellular localisation of mGlu5 was significantly reduced along the neuronal surface of hippocampal principal cells, including CA1 pyramidal cells and DG granule cells, in APP/PS1 mice at 12 months of age. The decrease in the surface localisation of mGlu5 was accompanied by an increase in its frequency at intracellular sites in the two neuronal populations. Together, these data demonstrate, for the first time, a loss of mGlu5 at the plasma membrane and accumulation at intracellular sites in different principal cells of the hippocampus in APP/PS1 mice, suggesting an alteration of the excitability and synaptic transmission that could contribute to the cognitive dysfunctions in this AD animal model. Further studies are required to elucidate the specificity of mGlu5-associated molecules and downstream signalling pathways in the progression of the pathology.

26

Biglia, A., S. Zaman, P. Gay, D. Ricauda Aimonino, and L. Comba. "3D point cloud density-based segmentation for vine rows detection and localisation." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 199 (August 2022): 107166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107166.

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27

Johnston, Robert, Bernhard Kramer, Jan Masek, and Ludwig Schweitzer. "The localisation length and the density of states in correlated random systems." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 97-98 (December 1987): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(87)90057-3.

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28

Yen, Benjamin, Taiki Yamada, Katsutoshi Itoyama, and Kazuhiro Nakadai. "Performance evaluation of sound source localisation and tracking methods using multiple drones." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 7 (November 30, 2023): 1926–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0291.

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This study evaluates methods to improve sound source localisation and tracking performance using microphone arrays from multiple drones. Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of multi-drone sound source tracking by triangulating their respective direction estimations using the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm. In addition, we evaluate techniques to reduce the influence of rotor noise. Namely, this includes a Wiener filter that utilises rotor noises' power spectral density (PSD) estimations and a noise correlation matrix (NCM) estimation scheme exploiting the geometries of the drone and the microphone array. This is to reduce the rotor noise's influence on the microphone array input correlation matrix prior to localising with MUSIC. Results show that applying the rotor noise reduction method improves localisation and tracking accuracy under a wider range of signal-to-noise ratios, regardless of the sound source tracking method.

29

BELITZ, D., SHARON L. SESSIONS, T. R. KIRKPATRICK, M. T. MERCALDO, R. NARAYANAN, and THOMAS VOJTA. "TRANSPORT ANOMALIES AND MARGINAL FERMI-LIQUID EFFECTS AT A QUANTUM CRITICAL POINT." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 28 (November 10, 2003): 5041–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920302017x.

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The behaviour of the conductivity and the density of states, as well as the phase relaxation time, of disordered itinerant electrons across a quantum ferromagnetic transition is discussed. It is shown that critical fluctuations lead to anomalies in the temperature and energy dependence of the conductivity and the tunnelling density of states, respectively, that are stronger than the usual weak-localisation anomalies in a disordered Fermi liquid. This can be used as an experimental probe of the quantum critical behaviour. The energy dependence of the phase relaxation time at criticality is shown to be that of a marginal Fermi liquid.

30

Blankenstein, Tom N., Derek AJ Smith, and Amanda J. L. Cheng. "A linear density on imaging: Non-contrast CT as a useful localisation method." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 50, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): 660–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2021101.

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31

Foggin, Peter, Lucie Desmarais, Marie-France Joly, Guylaine Poirier, and Odile Tremblay. "Analyse cartographique de la morbidité hospitalière dans la région de Montréal." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 27, no. 71 (April 12, 2005): 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/021608ar.

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Par le truchement d'analyses quantitatives et cartographiques, l'article étudie les rapports entre la répartition spatiale de la morbidité hospitalière dans l'île de Montréal et certaines variables géographiques, démographiques et socio-économiques. Dans la majorité des cas, un indice socio-économique émerge comme principal facteur explicatif. Pour ce qui est de la localisation des troubles mentaux toutefois, la densité de population et l'accessibilité au réseau hospitalier paraissent être des variables importantes. Par ailleurs, un facteur de mobilité géographique peut expliquer, dans une certaine mesure, l'aggravation des complications reliées à la grossesse et à l'accouchement.

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Lewis, S. J., and M. C. M. O'Brien. "Localisation and density of spin wave states in a dilute two-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnet." Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 18, no. 23 (August 20, 1985): 4487–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/18/23/012.

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33

Oblak, Tim, Rudolf Haraksim, Laurent Beslay, and Peter Peer. "Probabilistic Fingermark Quality Assessment with Quality Region Localisation." Sensors 23, no. 8 (April 15, 2023): 4006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23084006.

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The assessment of fingermark (latent fingerprint) quality is an intrinsic part of a forensic investigation. The fingermark quality indicates the value and utility of the trace evidence recovered from the crime scene in the course of a forensic investigation; it determines how the evidence will be processed, and it correlates with the probability of finding a corresponding fingerprint in the reference dataset. The deposition of fingermarks on random surfaces occurs spontaneously in an uncontrolled fashion, which introduces imperfections to the resulting impression of the friction ridge pattern. In this work, we propose a new probabilistic framework for Automated Fingermark Quality Assessment (AFQA). We used modern deep learning techniques, which have the ability to extract patterns even from noisy data, and combined them with a methodology from the field of eXplainable AI (XAI) to make our models more transparent. Our solution first predicts a quality probability distribution, from which we then calculate the final quality value and, if needed, the uncertainty of the model. Additionally, we complemented the predicted quality value with a corresponding quality map. We used GradCAM to determine which regions of the fingermark had the largest effect on the overall quality prediction. We show that the resulting quality maps are highly correlated with the density of minutiae points in the input image. Our deep learning approach achieved high regression performance, while significantly improving the interpretability and transparency of the predictions.

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Dańko, Rafał, and Jerzy Stojek. "Model Testing of the 2^nd Phase of Die Casting Process." Solid State Phenomena 208 (September 2013): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.208.52.

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nvestigations of filling the model mould cavity (with perpendicular walls) of the casting die by model liquids of various density and viscosity are presented in the paper. Influence of localisation of the inlet system and inlet velocity on the flow character of model liquids of different viscosity in the system of a cold-chamber casting die was tested. Calculations performed by means of the calculation module NOVACAST (NOVAFLOW&SOLID) for the selected models of cavities cast by the pressure method are also presented in the paper.

35

GAIGNÉ, C., and E. LETORT. "Co-localisation des différentes productions animales en Europe : l’exception française ?" INRA Productions Animales 30, no. 3 (June 22, 2018): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2017.30.3.2246.

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Si les différents gains associés à la concentration spatiale au sein d’une même filière animale sont relativement bien identifiés, les combinaisons des différentes filières animales au niveau des territoires en Europe sont rarement étudiées. Cet article vise i) à réaliser un état des lieux de la co-localisation des différentes filières animales au sein des territoires européens, à partir d’un indicateur statistique mesurant la spécialisation des territoires, et ii) à discuter le lien entre la nature des spécialisations et les densités animales à travers une analyse économétrique. À l’échelle du territoire, cette étude met en avant que de nombreux territoires des grands pays producteurs de l’UE sont spécialisés dans une unique production animale. Ceci suggère que les gains à la co-agglomération de différentes productions animales sont relativement faibles. En France, les modalités d’application des politiques agricoles, environnementales et même foncières semblent agir comme des freins au processus de mono-spécialisation des territoires d’élevage dans les filières avicoles, laitières et porcines.

36

Griffiths, Malcolm. "Strain Localisation and Fracture of Nuclear Reactor Core Materials." Journal of Nuclear Engineering 4, no. 2 (May 4, 2023): 338–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jne4020026.

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The production of prismatic dislocation loops in nuclear reactor core materials results in hardening because the loops impede dislocation motion. Yielding often occurs by a localised clearing of the loops through interactions with gliding dislocations called channeling. The cleared channels represent a softer material within which most of the subsequent deformation is localized. Channeling is often associated with hypothetical dislocation pileup and intergranular cracking in reactor components although the channels themselves do not amplify stress as one would expect from a pileup. The channels are often similar in appearance to twins leading to the possibility that twins are sometimes mistakenly identified as channels. Neither twins nor dislocation channels, which are bulk shears, produce the same stress conditions as a pileup on a single plane. At high doses, when cavities are produced (either He-stabilised bubbles at low temperatures or voids at high temperatures), there can be reduced ductility because the material is already in an equivalent advanced stage of microscopic necking. He-stabilised cavities form preferentially on grain boundaries and at precipitate or incoherent twin/ε-martensite interfaces. The higher planar density of the cavities, coupled with the incompatibility at the interface, results in a preferential failure known as He embrittlement. Strain localisation and inter- or intragranular failure are dependent on many factors that are ultimately microstructural in nature. The mechanisms are described and discussed in relation to reactor core materials.

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Killmann, R., G. G. Jaros, P. Wach, R. Graumann, W. Moshage, M. Renhardt, and R. H. Fleischmann. "Localisation of myocardial ischaemia from the magnetocardiogram using current density reconstruction method: computer simulation study." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 33, no. 5 (September 1995): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02510781.

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38

Twisk, M., J. G. Kusters, A. G. Balk, E. J. Kuipers, and R. J. L. F. Loffeld. "Colonisation density and topographic localisation of Helicobacter pylori do not depend on the cagA status." Journal of Clinical Pathology 54, no. 10 (October 1, 2001): 771–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.54.10.771.

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39

Benimmas, Aïcha. "Apprendre à lire la carte thématique au secondaire ou développer le raisonnement géographique chez l’élève." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 43, no. 120 (April 12, 2005): 539–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/022854ar.

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Plusieurs chercheurs s'accordent sur le fait que le potentiel didactique de la carte thématique reste souvent sous-exploité, voire ignoré dans les écoles. En effet, l'enseignement de la lecture de la carte thématique se fait d'une manière non systématique et ne dépasse pas la localisation des phénomènes géographiques et la dénomination des lieux. Or la lecture de la carte thématique s'avère un exercice pertinent, car elle permet de développer chez l'élève l'esprit critique et le raisonnement géographique. Cet article propose une stratégie de lecture de cartes thématiques, basée sur le modèle de Zgor, visant le développement du raisonnement géographique chez l'élève du secondaire. Il est illustré par un exemple sur la densité de la population en Tunisie.

40

Choy, V. J., A. J. Nixon, and A. J. Pearson. "Localisation of receptors for prolactin in ovine skin." Journal of Endocrinology 144, no. 1 (January 1995): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1440143.

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Abstract Although prolactin (PRL) receptors are found in many mammalian tissues, specific PRL binding to mammalian skin has not been demonstrated. In view of the temporal relationships observed between photoperiod, circulating PRL and pelage replacement in seasonally responsive mammals, we sought to provide evidence of PRL receptors in ovine skin. Cryosections of skin from New Zealand Wiltshire ewes were incubated with radiolabelled human GH (125I-hGH) and ovine PRL (125I-oPRL) in the presence and absence of excess unlabelled hormones (hGH, oPRL or ovine GH (oGH)). Binding was inhibited by unlabelled oPRL and hGH but not by oGH. In microautoradiographs, both radioligands were localised most strongly in the dermal papillae of wool follicles in the anagen (growth) phase of the hair cycle and in apocrine sweat glands. Higher levels of specific binding to dermal papilla cells, compared with the follicle epithelial matrix and the surrounding dermis, were confirmed by measurement of microautoradiograph silver grain density (respectively, 34·±3·0, 11·4±1·0 and 5·5±0·5 grains per 100 μm2 (mean±s.e.m., n=10)). Total binding for 125IhGH and 125I-oPRL radioligands to follicle dermal papilla was not significantly different (34·1±3·0 vs 43·6±2·5 grains per 100 μm2, n=10) but the level of non-specific binding of 125I-oPRL was higher than for 125I-hGH (18·9±1·4 vs 6·1±0·6 grains per 100 μm2, n=10; (P<0·001). Binding assays of receptors in crude microsomal membranes extracted from ovine skin were used to ascertain binding capacity and specificity. Scatchard analysis yielded a dissociation constant (3·9 nm) and receptor concentration (2·22 pmol/mg protein) similar to that reported for ovine mammary gland. These results provide evidence for the presence of PRL receptors in ovine skin and are consistent with the hypothesis that PRL has a direct role in mediating wool follicle activity. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 144, 143–151

41

Opitz, David, Thorsten Kreutz, Edward Lenzen, Benedict Dillkofer, Patrick Wahl, Gracia Montiel-Garcia, Christine Graf, Wilhelm Bloch, and Klara Brixius. "Strength training alters MCT1-protein expression and exercise-induced translocation in erythrocytes of men with non-insulin-dependent type-2 diabetes." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 92, no. 3 (March 2014): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2012-0405.

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We investigated the cellular distribution of lactate transporter (MCT1) and its chaperone CD147 (using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence-activated cell sorting) in the erythrocytes of men with non-insulin-dependent type-2 diabetes (NIDDM, n = 11, 61 ± 8 years of age) under acute exercise (ergometer cycling test, World Health Organisation scheme) performed before and after a 3-month strength training program. Cytosolic MCT1 distribution and membraneous CD147 density did not change after acute exercise (ergometer). After the 3-month strength training, MCT1-density was increased and the reaction of MCT1 (but not that of CD147) towards acute exercise (ergometer) was altered. MCT1 localisation was shifted from the centre to the cellular membrane. This resulted in a decrease in the immunohistochemically measured cytosolic MCT1-density. We conclude that strength training alters the acute exercise reaction of MCT1 but not that of CD147 in erythrocytes in patients with NIDDM. This reaction may contribute to long-term normalisation and stabilisation of the regulation of lactate plasma concentration in NIDDM.

42

Lesage-Mann1,2, Élaine, and Philippe Apparicio. "La densité des seringues à la traîne à Montréal : l’influence des caractéristiques de l’environnement urbain." Criminologie 52, no. 1 (May 6, 2019): 247–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1059548ar.

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Depuis les années 1980, plusieurs études ont été menées sur les seringues à la traîne avec deux objectifs principaux : évaluer les différents programmes de gestion des seringues ou déterminer les conditions favorisant leur utilisation par les consommateurs de drogue par injection. De plus, la grande majorité de ces études sont qualitatives et n’abordent pas la distribution spatiale des seringues à la traîne. Pourtant, une meilleure compréhension de la géographie des seringues à la traîne est fort pertinente afin d’optimiser certains programmes, comme la localisation des boîtes de dépôt public. Cet article repose sur l’analyse de 13 560 seringues à la traîne collectées de 2009 à 2014 dans le quartier montréalais Centre-Sud. Plusieurs modèles de régression Tobit ont été réalisés avec comme variable dépendante la densité des seringues à la traîne dans un rayon de 100 mètres et comme variables indépendantes des indicateurs relatifs à l’environnement urbain, tels que la proximité des programmes collectant de seringues, des postes de police ou des stations de métro, ainsi que le type de rue ou la présence de parcs. Les résultats montrent que les variables les plus significatives sont les ruelles ainsi que la proximité des boîtes de dépôt public.

43

Ríos-Gutiérrez, Mar, Luis R. Domingo, M’hamed Esseffar, Ali Oubella, and My Youssef Ait Itto. "Unveiling the Different Chemical Reactivity of Diphenyl Nitrilimine and Phenyl Nitrile Oxide in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions with (R)-Carvone through the Molecular Electron Density Theory." Molecules 25, no. 5 (February 28, 2020): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051085.

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The [3+2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions of diphenyl nitrilimine and phenyl nitrile oxide with (R)-carvone have been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT). Electron localisation function (ELF) analysis of these three-atom-components (TACs) permits its characterisation as carbenoid and zwitterionic TACs, thus having a different reactivity. The analysis of the conceptual Density Functional Theory (DFT) indices accounts for the very low polar character of these 32CA reactions, while analysis of the DFT energies accounts for the opposite chemoselectivity experimentally observed. Topological analysis of the ELF along the single bond formation makes it possible to characterise the mechanisms of these 32CA reactions as cb- and zw-type. The present MEDT study supports the proposed classification of 32CA reactions into pdr-, pmr-, cb- and zw-type, thus asserting MEDT as the theory able to explain chemical reactivity in Organic Chemistry.

44

Álvarez-Merino, Carlos S., Hao Qiang Luo-Chen, Emil Jatib Khatib, and Raquel Barco. "WiFi FTM, UWB and Cellular-Based Radio Fusion for Indoor Positioning." Sensors 21, no. 21 (October 23, 2021): 7020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217020.

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High-precision indoor localisation is becoming a necessity with novel location-based services that are emerging around 5G. The deployment of high-precision indoor location technologies is usually costly due to the high density of reference points. In this work, we propose the opportunistic fusion of several different technologies, such as ultra-wide band (UWB) and WiFi fine-time measurement (FTM), in order to improve the performance of location. We also propose the use of fusion with cellular networks, such as LTE, to complement these technologies where the number of reference points is under-determined, increasing the availability of the location service. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is presented to weight the different reference points to eliminate outliers, and several searching methods are presented and evaluated for the localisation algorithm. An experimental setup is used to validate the presented system, using UWB and WiFi FTM due to their incorporation in the latest flagship smartphones. It is shown that the use of multi-technology fusion in trilateration algorithm remarkably optimises the precise coverage area. In addition, it reduces the positioning error by over-determining the positioning problem. This technique reduces the costs of any network deployment oriented to location services, since a reduced number of reference points from each technology is required.

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Vesal, Sulaiman, Andreas Maier, and Nishant Ravikumar. "Fully Automated 3D Cardiac MRI Localisation and Segmentation Using Deep Neural Networks." Journal of Imaging 6, no. 7 (July 6, 2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6070065.

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Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is used widely for morphological assessment and diagnosis of various cardiovascular diseases. Deep learning approaches based on 3D fully convolutional networks (FCNs), have improved state-of-the-art segmentation performance in CMR images. However, previous methods have employed several pre-processing steps and have focused primarily on segmenting low-resolutions images. A crucial step in any automatic segmentation approach is to first localize the cardiac structure of interest within the MRI volume, to reduce false positives and computational complexity. In this paper, we propose two strategies for localizing and segmenting the heart ventricles and myocardium, termed multi-stage and end-to-end, using a 3D convolutional neural network. Our method consists of an encoder–decoder network that is first trained to predict a coarse localized density map of the target structure at a low resolution. Subsequently, a second similar network employs this coarse density map to crop the image at a higher resolution, and consequently, segment the target structure. For the latter, the same two-stage architecture is trained end-to-end. The 3D U-Net with some architectural changes (referred to as 3D DR-UNet) was used as the base architecture in this framework for both the multi-stage and end-to-end strategies. Moreover, we investigate whether the incorporation of coarse features improves the segmentation. We evaluate the two proposed segmentation strategies on two cardiac MRI datasets, namely, the Automatic Cardiac Segmentation Challenge (ACDC) STACOM 2017, and Left Atrium Segmentation Challenge (LASC) STACOM 2018. Extensive experiments and comparisons with other state-of-the-art methods indicate that the proposed multi-stage framework consistently outperforms the rest in terms of several segmentation metrics. The experimental results highlight the robustness of the proposed approach, and its ability to generate accurate high-resolution segmentations, despite the presence of varying degrees of pathology-induced changes to cardiac morphology and image appearance, low contrast, and noise in the CMR volumes.

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Djiteye, A., S. K. Moloo, K. Foua Bi, E. Coulibaly, Maryam Diarra, Ibrahim Ouattara, D. Traoré, Z. Coulibaly, and A. Diarra. "Variations saisonnières de la densité apparente et du taux d'infection par Trypanosoma spp. de Glossina palpalis gambiensis (Vanderplank, 1949) en zone soudanienne au Mali." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 50, no. 2 (February 1, 1997): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9584.

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Glossina palpalis gambiensis infeste les forêts ripicoles et les galeries forestières du fleuve Niger et ses affluents dans la zone agropastorale de Baguinéda-Tienfala. L'incidence de la trypanosomose (liée à la densité apparente de cette sous-espèce et à son infection trypanosomienne) variait en fonction de la saison et du gîte. En effet, au niveau du gîte de Tienfala (rive gauche du fleuve), la densité la plus élevée (21,70 glossines/piège/jour) a été observée en fin de saison des pluies, et la plus faible (5,23) en saison sèche chaude. La sex-ratio était en général en faveur des femelles (60,74 %). Au niveau du gîte de Baguinéda (rive droite), la densité la plus élevée (8,70) a été trouvée en saison sèche froide, et la plus faible (2,91) en fin de saison des pluies. La sex-ratio était en général en faveur des mâles (57,81 %). L'infection trypanosomienne était plus élevée en fin qu'en début de saison des pluies et les taux observés variaient respectivement entre 6,66 et 10,68 % contre 0,48 et 1,48 %. Déterminées d'après leur localisation chez G. palpalis gambiensis, les infections étaient dues aux sous-genres Duttonella (Trypanosoma vivax : 80 %), Nannomonas (T. congolense : 4%), Megatrypanum (T. grayi : 2 %) et à des stades immatures localisés dans l'intestin moyen uniquement (14 %).

47

Rajic, Nik, Cedric Rosalie, Benjamin Steven Vien, Stephen van der Velden, LR Francis Rose, Joel Smithard, and Wing Kong Chiu. "In situ wavenumber–frequency modal decomposition of acoustic emissions." Structural Health Monitoring 19, no. 6 (April 17, 2020): 2033–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921719885324.

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A new acoustic sensing capability, consisting of a flexible high-density linear piezoelectric sensor array coupled to a high-bandwidth interrogation device, is developed and applied to in situ wavenumber–frequency modal decomposition of acoustic emissions in plates. An experimental assessment of the capability is undertaken using acoustic emissions generated by a ball-drop impact on aluminium and composite panels. A new method for acoustic source localisation based on this new sensor array is described, and it is shown to be more accurate than a conventional multilateration technique using single-point piezoelectric receivers. The potential of this new capability for acoustic emission detection, location and possible quantification is discussed.

48

Reibnegger, Gilbert. "An ab initio and density functional theory study on neutral pterin radicals." Pteridines 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pterid-2015-0008.

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AbstractThe electronic structures of the five radicals resulting from homolytic elimination of one of the hydrogen atoms from the most stable tautomeric form of neutral pterin were investigated in gas phase as well as in aqueous solution. Molecular wave functions obtained by density functional theory were analysed by quantum theory of atoms in molecules and electron localisation functions (ELF). Spin densities of the radicals as well as electrostatic potential functions were analysed. Radicals resulting from elimination of N-bonded hydrogen atoms are more stable in comparison with radicals obtained after abstraction of C-bonded hydrogen atoms. N-centred radicals show strong delocalisation of spin density over both heteroaromatic rings; in C-centred radicals delocalisation does not occur. ELF analyses showed that in N-derived radicals particularly the lone electron pair at N2′ is strongly involved into the bicyclic heteroaromatic π-electron system. Thereby, bonding geometry at N2′ in these radicals changes from pyramidal to planar. Transition from gas phase to solution phase (water) generally leads to increased polarity of the structures. Pterin-derived free radicals have been implicated in several biologically important reactions; so this investigation provides first insights into the detailed electronic structures of such molecular systems.

49

Cantarini, L., N. Volpi, P. Carbotti, G. Greco, M. Aglianò, F. Bellisai, F. Giannini, C. Alessandrini, G. Grasso, and M. Galeazzi. "Eosinophilia-associated muscle disorders: an immunohistological study with tissue localisation of major basic protein in distinct clinicopathological forms." Journal of Clinical Pathology 62, no. 5 (January 12, 2009): 442–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.2008.060616.

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Aims:(a) To evaluate tissue eosinophil density, location of eosinophil cytotoxic products, histopathological muscle changes and inflammatory cell types in different eosinophilia-associated myopathies that are clinicopathologically heterogeneous. (b) To determine the immunohistological range of tissue eosinophil density in non-eosinophilic inflammatory myopathies.Methods:Muscle biopsy specimens from seven patients with blood and/or tissue eosinophilia and clinicolaboratory myopathic signs (five chronic course myopathies, one subacute onset fasciitis/myositis, one acute myositis), and from 18 non-eosinophilic inflammatory myopathies, underwent routine staining, inflammatory infiltrate immunophenotyping, immunostaining for eosinophil major basic protein (MBP) and transmission electron microscopy examination. Eosinophil and total inflammatory cell counts were statistically analysed.Results:Histological examination showed occasional or no infiltrating eosinophils in all cases. MBP staining showed that tissue eosinophil density and percentages in eosinophilia-associated myopathies were significantly higher than in idiopathic myositides. Extracellular MBP diffusion, the hallmark of eosinophil cytotoxicity, was recurrent on sarcolemma and endothelium. Electron microscopy showed eosinophils close to sarcolemma, abundant mast cells, and capillary endothelial swelling. Immunostaining detected a higher mean eosinophil density in idiopathic myositides than previously assessed histologically.Conclusions:MBP immunohistology on skeletal muscle, previously performed only for acute eosinophilic polymyositis, suggests that eosinophil-mediated injury of muscle cells may occur in a wider spectrum of less aggressive eosinophilia-associated myopathies than previously thought. As conventional histology is likely to underestimate this leucocyte subset, MBP staining may be a useful tool in the analysis of tissue infiltration of eosinophils as a possible treatment target.

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Bountourakis, Vasileios, Leo McCormack, and Ville Pulkki. "Spatial post-filter for linear hydrophone arrays with applications to underwater source localisation." JASA Express Letters 2, no. 8 (August 2022): 084802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0013753.

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This letter presents a spatial post-filter that can be employed in linear hydrophone arrays, commonly found in sonar systems, for the task of improving the bearing estimation and noise suppression capabilities of traditional beamformers. The proposed filter is computed in the time-frequency domain as the normalised cross-spectral density between two beamformed signals, which are generated by applying conventional beamforming to two adjacent non-overlapping sub-arrays. The evaluation on both simulated and real-world data demonstrates promising performance compared to other popular post-filters in some cases, especially for targets near the end-fire direction and in the presence of uncorrelated interferers or diffuse noise.