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Статті в журналах з теми "Deforming tool"
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Virt, A. E., and A. P. Ivashchenko. "IMPROVING DESIGN PARAMETERS INERTIA LEVER IS ROLLED DEVICES." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 8(255) (August 31, 2021): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-8-255-16-21.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
He process of surface plastic deformation is accompanied by significant forces acting through the deforming element on the surface. These forces cause the quality and structural changes in the surface layer. To create a strain force in the tool used centrifugal forces generated during rotation of the tool from massive arms. Which, in turn, affect the deforming rollers. In order to prevent arbitrary displacement of the inertial instruments and as a result of displacement of the deforming rollers and the violation of specified sizes in the processing is necessary to pay due attention to their mountings. Method of attachment data inertial instruments and method of attachment of the deforming rollers and the inertial raskatnike covered in this article.
2
Zaydess, Semen, Nguen Van Hin, and Igor Bobrovskij. "Forming a regular surface topography of a cylindrical part using oscillating ironing." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929702009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A new technological practice for the formation of a regular surface topography by means of oscillating ironing is presented. The results are based on analytical calculations and experimental studies. Surface topography after oscillating ironing depends on workpiece rotation frequency, deforming tool advance, oscillation frequency, deforming tool amplitude and tilt angle. The influence of the oscillating ironing process parameters on the size and shape of contact patch is confirmed.
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Зайдес, Семен, Semen Zaides, И. Бобровский, I. Bobrovsky, Ван Фам, and Van Fam. "Impact of local deformation kinematics upon stressed state of surface layer." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2019, no. 5 (May 19, 2019): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5ca3030a5bfe86.87759559.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A kinematics of a deforming tool motion for stress-strain state changes in the point of an elastic-plastic deformation and residual stresses increase at surface plastic deformation is developed. The results of a loading process computer simulation under different conditions of a deforming tool contact with a part which give a possibility to increase the effectiveness of a new method of the finishing-strengthening of orbital surface plastic deformation are shown.
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Немировский, Я. Б., И. В. Шепеленко, С. Е. Шейкин, Ю. А. Цеханов, Ф. Й. Златопольский, О. И. Попова, and М. И. Попова. "DESIGN FEATURES OF CARBIDE ASSEMBLY WORKING ELEMENTS OF DEFORMING BROACHES." ВЕСТНИК ВОРОНЕЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА, no. 4 (October 20, 2021): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.17.4.019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Разработан алгоритм и проведена оценка прочности сборных твердосплавных элементов со сплошной и дискретной рабочими поверхностями. Получены зависимости, позволяющие установить связь между конструктивными параметрами сборных деформирующих инструментов и их прочностью. Выполнены прочностные расчеты деформирующего инструмента для обработки отверстий значительного диаметра со сплошной и дискретной рабочими поверхностями. Численным моделированием, методом конечных элементов получены распределения эквивалентных напряжений в элементах инструмента и контактных напряжений по поверхности контакта твердосплавная вставка-корпус, что позволило проанализировать прочность инструмента под нагрузкой. Определены конструктивные параметры инструмента и приведены алгоритмы последовательности расчета сборных деформирующих элементов (ДЭ). Разработан алгоритм последовательности расчета сборного ДЭ для дискретного протягивания. Предложенная конструкция сборного рабочего элемента позволяет не только улучшить обрабатываемость изделия резания, но и уменьшить расход остродефицитного твердого сплава по сравнению с твердосплавным ДЭ аналогичных размеров на 6 кг. Полученные результаты можно использовать в инженерных расчетах при проектировании сборного инструмента для дискретного деформирования, а также для оценки прочности сборных инструментов, например, фрез, зенкеров, разверток при уточнении внешних нагрузок We developed an algorithm and assessed the strength of prefabricated carbide elements with solid and discrete working surfaces. We obtained dependencies that make it possible to establish a relationship between the design parameters of prefabricated deforming tools and their strength. We performed strength calculations of the deforming tool for machining holes of significant diameter with solid and discrete working surfaces. We obtained the distributions of equivalent stresses in the elements of the tool and contact stresses over the contact surface of the hard-alloy insert - body by numerical modeling, by the finite element method, which made it possible to analyze the strength of the tool under load. We determined the design parameters of the tool and here we give algorithms for the sequence of calculation of prefabricated deforming elements (DE). We developed an algorithm for the sequence of calculating the prefabricated DE for discrete broaching. The proposed design of the prefabricated working element allows not only to improve the machinability of the cutting product but also to reduce the consumption of an acutely deficient hard alloy in comparison with a hard alloy DE of similar dimensions by 6 kg. The results obtained can be used in engineering calculations when designing a prefabricated tool for discrete deformation, as well as for assessing the strength of prefabricated tools, for example, cutters, countersinks, reamers when specifying external loads
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Gogaev, K. A., and V. I. Ul’shin. "Determination of the temperature range for deforming powder tool steels." Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 43, no. 11-12 (November 2004): 564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11106-005-0022-5.
Повний текст джерела
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Rutkevych, Volodymyr, and Vitaliy Kushnir. "CALCULATION ON THE STRENGTH OF DEFORMING ELEMENTS AND DEVELOPMENT OF FIRMWARE STRUCTURES FOR ULTRASOUND PROCESSING." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 2(101) (June 29, 2021): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2021-2-15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The possibility of increasing the efficiency and expanding the technological capabilities of the process of deforming drawing, by studying the contact phenomena and force characteristics of the process of deforming drawing (flashing) with the imposition of ultrasonic vibrations on the tool. The main advantages of deforming drawing with application of ultrasound are noted, among which it is necessary to allocate considerable decrease in force parameters of process, reduction of level of residual stresses, increase of accuracy of the processed details. Also, the application of ultrasound allows you to process parts made of metal and alloys, the processing of which in normal conditions is impossible and requires special techniques. It is noted that it is not possible to use known designs of broaches and firmware when flashing with the application of ultrasonic vibrations, because the firmware must have all the dimensions related to the acoustic parameters and the deforming element must be placed on the mandrel with tension to create good acoustic contact between the mandrel and the element. Prefabricated deforming firmware for processing holes with the imposition of longitudinal ultrasonic vibrations has been developed and a method for calculating their deforming elements for strength has been proposed. The performed calculations showed that the calculated stresses differ from the allowable ones by no more than 15-20 %. From the above calculations it is seen that the deforming element can be destroyed, both under the action of the working load in the process of flashing, and under the action of thermal stresses after the exit of the element from the machined hole. This difference in the results of research can be explained by the fact that the order of tensile strength is a value that has a large scattering zone and in different studies it is different. The results of research on the strength of deforming elements can be used in engineering calculations in the design of prefabricated tools for drawing holes with ultrasound.
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Zaides, S. A., Quan Minh Ho, and Nghia Duc Mai. "Effect of the sector radius of a workpiece-deforming tool on the stress-strain state in the contact zone with a cylindrical surface." iPolytech Journal 25, no. 6 (January 11, 2022): 696–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2021-6-696-707.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper aims to determine the effect of the sector radius of a workpiece-deforming tool on the stress-strain state in the center of elastoplastic deformation and residual stresses in the hardened zone of the surface layer of cylindrical workpieces. A mathematical model of local loading was constructed using the finite element method and AN-SYS software. This model was used to determine the values of temporary and residual stresses and deformations, as well as the depth of plastic zone, depending on the sector radius of the working tool. The simulation results showed that, under the same loading of a cylindrical surface, working tools with different sector radii create different maximum tempo-rary and residual stresses. An assessment of the stress state was carried out for situations when the surface layer of a product is treated by workpiece-deforming tools with a different shape of the working edge. It was shown that, compared to a flat tool, a decrease in the radius of the working sector from 125 to 25 mm leads to an increase in the maximum temporary and residual stresses by 1.2–1.5 times, while the plastic zone depth increases by 1.5–2.4 times. The use of a working tool with a flat surface for hardening a cylindrical workpiece ensures minimal temporary residual stresses, com-pared to those produced by a working tool with a curved surface. A decrease in the radius of the working sector leads to an increase in temporary residual stresses by 2–7%. The plastic zone depth ranges from 1.65 to 2.55 mm when chang-ing the sector radius of the working tool.
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Blumenstein, Valeriy, and Vladimir Kukareko. "Structural Transformations in the Surface Layer During Multiradius Deforming Tool Processing." Metal Working and Material Science 20, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2018-20.2-75-86.
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Kurenkov, A. S., I. M. Sinev, S. A. Gavrilov, and A. V. Shchedrin. "Design of tool with spherical deforming elements for machining long blanks." Russian Engineering Research 35, no. 11 (November 2015): 835–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x15110118.
Повний текст джерела
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Nguyen, Nam Thanh, Cuong Van Vo, Dien Khanh Le, and Sy Van Le. "A CALCULATION FOR COMPENSATING THE ERRORS DUE TO SPRINGBACK WHEN FORMING METAL SHEET BY SINGLE POINT INCREMENTAL FORMING (SPIF)." Science and Technology Development Journal 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v13i3.2131.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The question of compensating for the error of dimension due to springback phenomenon when forming metal sheet by SPIF method is being one of the challenges that the researchers of SPIF in the world trying to solve. This paper is only a recommendation that is based on the macro analysis of a sheet metal forming model when machining by SPIF method for calculating a reasonable recompensated feeding that almost all researchers have not been interested in yet: - Considering the metal sheet workpiece is elasto-plastic and the sphere tool tip is elastic, the authors attempt to calculate for compensating the error of dimension due to elastic deforming of the tool tip. - The metal sheet is clamped by a cantilever joint that has an evident sinking at the machiningarea that is also calculated to add to the compensating feeding value. The paper also studies the limited force for ensuring the elastic deforming at these working area of the sheet to eliminate all theunexpected plastic deforming of the sheet. With two small but novel contributions, this study can help to take theoretical model for elastic forming of metal sheet closer to real situation.
Дисертації з теми "Deforming tool"
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Абдулкеримов, Илимдар Диляверович. "Технологическое обеспечение качества резьбовых соединений в глухих отверстиях деталей из алюминиевых сплавов деформирующим инструментом". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2015. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/20297.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Диссертация на соискание учёной степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 05.02.08 – технология машиностроения. Национальный технический университет "Харьковский политехнический институт", Харьков, 2016.
Диссертация посвящена решению научно-технической задачи технологического обеспечения герметичности резьбовых соединений деталей из алюминиевых сплавов с газо-усадочной пористостью деформирующим инструментом. В работе проведен анализ существующих систем обработки глухих отверстий в алюминиевых сплавах из газо-усадочных материалов, выявлены основные факторы, определяющие качество и производительность процесса обработки отверстий. Показано, что для таких процессов как обеспечение необходимых эксплуатационных характеристик соединений нужно управлять параметрами состояния поверхностного слоя в процессе их изготовления, а также уметь рассчитывать их на стадии проектирования технологического процесса. Показано исследование технологических свойств алюминиевого сплава АК12М2, полученного литьем под давлением, а именно проведено моделирование ППД литейного алюминиевого сплава АК12М2, а также сравнение свойств поверхности до и после ППД и влияние угла деформации с учетом количества циклов ППД на качество поверхности. Результаты проведенных исследований позволили дать практические рекомендации по внедрению результатов работы на ОАО "Пневматика" (г. Симферополь), а именно показана обработка на примере детали корпус крана ПКР25 и получены герметичные разъемных соединения в деталях из алюминиевых сплавов с газо-усадочной пористостью. Проведено сравнение качества резьбовых соединений, получаемых по базовому и новому варианту обработки и оценка экономической эффективности. Это позволило снизить технологическую себестоимость и получить экономический эффект в размере 18207 грн., за счёт снижения трудоёмкости обработки, затрат на инструмент и технологические жидкости.The thesis for the degree of candidate of technical sciences, specialty 05.02.08 - technology of mechanical engineering. National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkov, 2016. The dissertation is devoted to the processing to ensure the tightness of threaded connections of details from aluminum alloys deformed gas shrinkage porosity tool. Analytical and experimental research method of machining of the threaded holes in applying deforming tools based modeling of the process of forming a trumpet groove in blind holes deforming tool. Theoretically grounded possibility of the surface layer of quality blind holes after PPD alloy AK12M2. The new design tools and practical advice on selecting treatment regimes that ensure maximum processing efficiency deaf threaded holes. The economic effect of the introduction of the main provisions of the production of 18,207.44 UA.
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Абдулкерімов, Ілімдар Діляверович. "Технологічне забезпечення якості різьбових з'єднань у глухих отворах деталей з алюмінієвих сплавів деформуючим інструментом". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/20295.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.02.08 – технологія машинобудування. Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2016.
Дисертація присвячена вирішенню проблеми технологічного забезпечення герметичності різьбових з'єднань деталей з алюмінієвих сплавів з газо-усадковою пористістю деформуючим інструментом. У роботі проведено аналіз існуючих систем обробки глухих отворів у деталях з газо-усадкових матеріалів. Проведено аналітичне та експериментальне дослідження методу механічної обробки різьбових отворів при застосуванні деформуючого інструменту з урахуванням моделювання процесу формоутворення трубних різьб у глухих отворах деформуючим інструментом. Розроблено конструктивні й технологічні параметри деформуючого інструменту для глухих отворів під трубну різьбу в деталях з алюмінієвих сплавів з газо-усадковою пористістю. Теоретично обґрунтовано можливість забезпечення якісного поверхневого шару глухих отворів після ППД сплаву АК12М2. Запропоновано нові конструкції інструменту та практичні рекомендації щодо вибору режимів обробки, що забезпечують високу ефективність обробки глухих різьбових отворів. Економічний ефект від упровадження основних положень роботи у виробництво становить 18207 грн.The thesis for the degree of candidate of technical sciences, specialty 05.02.08 - technology of mechanical engineering. National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkov, 2016. The dissertation is devoted to the processing to ensure the tightness of threaded connections of details from aluminum alloys deformed gas shrinkage porosity tool. Analytical and experimental research method of machining of the threaded holes in applying deforming tools based modeling of the process of forming a trumpet groove in blind holes deforming tool. Theoretically grounded possibility of the surface layer of quality blind holes after PPD alloy AK12M2. The new design tools and practical advice on selecting treatment regimes that ensure maximum processing efficiency deaf threaded holes. The economic effect of the introduction of the main provisions of the production of 18,207.44 UA.
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Amini, Mohammad. "A fluoroscopy-based intraoperative tool for measuring alignments in spinal deformity correction surgery." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58482.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spinal deformity is any abnormal formation, alignment, or shape of the vertebral column which can lead to pain and disability. In severe cases, corrective surgery is recommended for improving the spinal alignment with the goal of reducing pain and improving patient mobility. Although accurate intraoperative assessments of spinal alignments can highly influence patient outcomes, it still remains a technically challenging task due to the limited field of view or poor image quality of existing intraoperative tools. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to develop a new intraoperative tool for radiographic assessment of long anatomies with a focus on spinal deformity correction surgery.
An image-based technique is developed to produce long calibrated images on the surgical table. The system was validated by performing experiments on phantom objects and four cadaveric specimens. The sagittal and coronal radiographic parameters were measured on the generated long views and compared against the ground-truth data collected from computed tomography. The usability of the system, in terms of radiation exposure and the required time for image acquisition and processing, was compared against a long radiographic plain film method.
Tests on the phantoms demonstrated localization accuracies of 3.9±2.3mm, and 0.6±0.7°, and stitching accuracies of 0.6±0.6mm and 2.5±1mm for coronal and sagittal views. From in-vitro experiments, on the coronal plane, the accuracies of radiographic measurements for spinal alignment angles and global spinal balance measurements were 1.1±0.7° and 0.9±0.7mm, respectively. On the sagittal plane, the Cobb angle measurement accuracy was 2.3±1.2°. The calculated radiation exposure and required time for image acquisition and processing were 2616mR and 12 minutes, which were 46% and 60% of the corresponding estimated values of long radiographic plain film method.
The introduced technique showed promising results for monitoring the spinopelvic alignments in both coronal and sagittal planes with accuracies within the clinically acceptable range of <5mm and <5°, while the radiation exposure and time of image acquisition are kept lower than the corresponding values from competing methods. The proposed solution can potentially assist improve the outcomes of spinal deformity correction surgeries and similar surgical interventions where accurate assessment of long anatomies is critically important.Applied Science, Faculty of
Graduate
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Paliwal, Monica. "Development of a novel balance assessment tool and its validation in the study of patients with symptomatic spinal deformity." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4891.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The prevalence of scoliosis in those over age 60 varies from 39%-68%. Common presenting symptoms include back pain, radiculopathy, and progressive deformity. Radiographic characteristics have been previously described that correlate with these symptoms including vertebral spondylolisthesis, endplate obliquity, lumbar hypolordosis, thoracolumbar junction kyphosis and positive sagittal balance. Nevertheless, asymptomatic volunteers present with similar spinal deformities. It is likely that other factors such as age, body habitus, and exercise capacity affect or outweigh the severity of radiographic parameters. The ability to maintain the center of gravity of the body within the cone of economy results from a combination of alignment parameters, but also from neuromuscular control.
The aim of this study is to validate a Wii Nintendo balance board evaluation tool for the study of adult spinal deformity, by exploring correlations between the center of pressure sway area and sway path trajectory with clinical outcome scores, patient demographics and radiographic alignment parameters in patients with spinal deformity.
Книги з теми "Deforming tool"
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Pescosolido, Bernice A., and Bianca Manago. Getting Underneath the Power of “Contact”: Revisiting the Fundamental Lever of Stigma as a Social Network Phenomenon. Edited by Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio, and Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.16.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Physical conditions, such as body size, physical deformity, and deafness, elicit stigma, which has emotional, social, and health consequences. Researchers have consistently found that contact with a stigmatized individual can be one of the most powerful tools for dismantling this stigma. Specifically, the contact hypothesis argues that a lack of knowledge about stigmatized others makes it easier to stereotype and discriminate against them. Although the contact hypothesis has been supported in research, this chapter argues that network science offers relevant theory and research that may be instructive for further understanding and contextualizing the contact hypothesis. This chapter suggests that the structure and content of social networks affect stigmatizing attitudes and provide a theoretical basis to examine how individuals who are routinely in “contact” with stigmatized persons (e.g., family members, co-workers, and health professionals) may influence stigma. Finally, the chapter discusses the importance of these insights for anti-stigma campaigns.
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Kulkarni, Kunal, James Harrison, Mohamed Baguneid, and Bernard Prendergast, eds. Trauma and orthopaedics. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198729426.003.0031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Recent advances in biomechanics and biomaterials are resulting in new and potentially improved implants and procedures in trauma medicine, often with more reliance on high-tech solutions. However, some new advances have resulted in disastrous outcomes. As it takes time for these complications to surface, many patients may be subject to the new technology and resulting consequences. Studying the clinical evidence around these technologies is therefore essential, and use of appropriate surrogate measures to assess the short-term in vivo performance of an implant is important to help predict long-term clinical outcome. Radiostereometric analysis and kinematic assessment are two such tools widely used in translational research and post-market surveillance in the field of joint replacement. It is only with high-quality research and awareness that true advances can be demonstrated and failures averted at the earliest stage. The principles of orthopaedics must remain to alleviate pain, correct deformity, and restore function, whatever technique is used.
Частини книг з теми "Deforming tool"
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Weselowska, N., V. Turych, V. Rutkevych, G. Ogorodnichuk, P. Kisała, B. Yeraliyeva, and G. Yusupova. "Investigation of interaction of a tool with a part in the process of deforming stretching with ultrasound." In Mechatronic Systems 2, 175–83. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003225447-16.
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Little, J. Paige, and Clayton Adam. "Development of a Computer Simulation Tool for Application in Adolescent Spinal Deformity Surgery." In Biomedical Simulation, 90–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11615-5_10.
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Mastanaiah, P., G. Madhusudhan Reddy, and Abhay Sharma. "Evolution and current practices in friction stir welding tool design." In Advanced Welding and Deforming, 151–77. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-822049-8.00006-2.
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Kobayashi, Shiro, Soo-Ik Oh, and Taylan Altan. "Metal-Forming Processes." In Metal Forming and the Finite-Element Method. Oxford University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195044027.003.0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In metal forming, an initially simple part—a billet or sheet blank, for example—is plastically deformed between tools (or dies) to obtain the desired final configuration. Thus, a simple part geometry is transformed into a complex one, in a process whereby the tools “store” the desired geometry and impart pressure on the deforming material through the tool-material interface. The physical phenomena constituting a forming operation are difficult to express with quantitative relationships. The metal flow, the friction at the tool-material interface, the heat generation and transfer during plastic flow, and the relationships between microstructure/properties and process conditions are difficult to predict and analyze. Often, in producing discrete parts, several forming operations (preforming) are required to transform the initial “simple” geometry into a “complex” geometry, without causing material failure or degrading material properties. Consequently, the most significant objective of any method of analysis is to assist the forming engineer in the design of forming and/or preforming sequences. For a given operation (preforming or finish-forming), such design essentially consists of (1) establishing the kinematic relationships (shape, velocities, strain-rates, strains) between the deformed and undeformed part, i.e., predicting metal flow; (2) establishing the limits of formability or producibility, i.e., determining whether it is possible to form the part without surface or internal defects; and (3) predicting the forces and stresses necessary to execute the forming operation so that tooling and equipment can be designed or selected. For the understanding and quantitative design and optimization of metal-forming operations it is useful (a) to consider a metal forming process as a system and (b) to classify these processes in a systematic way. A metal-forming system comprises all the input variables relating the billet or blank (geometry and material), the tooling (geometry and material), the conditions at the tool-material interface, the mechanics of plastic deformation, the equipment used, the characteristics of the final product, and finally the plant environment in which the process is being conducted. Such a system is illustrated in Fig. 2.1, using impression die forging as an example.
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Bayly, Brian. "Chemical Potential Under Nonhydrostatic Stress." In Chemical Change in Deforming Materials. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195067644.003.0014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this chapter is to continue the unification that was begun in Chapter 8. There, first and second derivatives of normal stress with respect to orientation were used; we now examine the idea that the chemical potential of a component at a point can be a multivalued direction-dependent scalar like the normal-stress magnitude, and that it too can have a gradient with respect to orientation. The essence of a nonhydrostatic stress is that different planes through a point are subject to different normal compressive stresses: σn varies with the orientation of the plane considered. Let us focus on a plane i across which the normal compressive stress is σi: then we put forward the assertion that an equilibrium state that can be associated with plane i is a hydrostatic state whose pressure has the same magnitude as σi. For illustration, see Figure 9.1. (For the present, we take a cautious stance: each hydrostatic state in the figure is certainly an equilibrium state, and each is certainly associated with a plane, but is it the associated equilibrium state that properly belongs with that plane according to the precepts of, for example, de Groot (1951, p. 11)? For now, we make no attempt to prove that it is so: we simply use the assertion and explore its consequences. Fortunately its consequences include large amounts of classical mechanics so that it counts as a "successful assertion" on those grounds, but at least for now it lacks any underpinnings.) An immediate consequence of the assertion illustrated in Figure 9.1 is the relation in Figure 9.2.
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Kobayashi, Shiro, Soo-Ik Oh, and Taylan Altan. "Analysis and Technology in Metal Forming." In Metal Forming and the Finite-Element Method. Oxford University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195044027.003.0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The design, control, and optimization of forming processes require (1) analytical knowledge regarding metal flow, stresses, and heat transfer, as well as (2) technological information related to lubrication, heating and cooling techniques, material handling, die design and manufacture, and forming equipment. The purpose of using analysis in metal forming is to investigate the mechanics of plastic deformation processes, with the following major objectives. • Establishing the kinematic relationships (shape, velocities, strain-rates, and strains) between the undeformed part (billet, blank, or preform) and the deformed part (product); i.e., predicting metal flow during the forming operation. This objective includes the prediction of temperatures and heat transfer, since these variables greatly influence local metal-flow conditions. • Establishing the limits of formability or producibility; i.e., determining whether it is possible to perform the forming operation without causing any surface or internal defects (cracks or folds) in the deforming material. • Predicting the stresses, the forces, and the energy necessary to carry out the forming operation. This information is necessary for tool design and for selecting the appropriate equipment, with adequate force and energy capabilities, to perform the forming operation. Thus, the mechanics of deformation provides the means for determining how the metal flows, how the desired geometry can be obtained by plastic deformation, and what the expected mechanical properties of the produced part are. For understanding the variables of a metal-forming process, it is best to consider the process as a system, as illustrated in Fig. 2.1 in Chap. 2. The interaction of most significant variables in metal forming are shown, in a simplified manner, in Fig. 3.1. It is seen that for a given billet or blank material and part geometry, the speed of deformation influences strain-rate and flow stress. Deformation speed, part geometry, and die temperature influence the temperature distribution in the formed part. Finally, flow stress, friction, and part geometry determine metal flow, forming load, and forming energy. In steady-state flow (kinematically), the velocity field remains unchanged, as is the case in the extrusion process; in nonsteadystate flow, the velocity field changes continuously with time, as is the case in upset forging.
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Stalnaker, Aaron. "The Confucian Dào." In Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority, 133–80. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190052300.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter explores Confucian practices, including archery, ritual, music, and poetry. It argues that the early Confucian Dào should be understood as a practice-centered tradition that shapes human relationships, character, and skills. Becoming good at these practices requires authoritative teachers, but their authority should not give contemporary people pause—the early Confucians took no vows of obedience, nor did they advocate ascetic renunciation. This chapter explores the three aspects of “the master”: a master practitioner of Confucian arts, an attractive exemplar of good living, and an effective guide for others. The Confucian Way forms a lifelong path, with distinct stages, that reflects a gradualist developmental paradigm, and makes family life central to good living. In sum, this chapter explores the reliance of students on their teachers, in order to suggest that it is salutary rather than deforming for both students and teachers.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Deforming tool"
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Murakami, Tamotsu. "Direct and Intuitive Input Device for 3-D Shape Design." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0204.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Standard input tools such as the mouse and keyboard do not provide users with a direct and intuitive means of 3-D shape manipulation. This study proposes a new concept of interface system for 3-D shape deformation using a deformable real object as an input tool. By deforming the tool with bare hands with a tactile feedback, users can manipulate a 3-D shape modeled and displayed on a computer screen directly and intuitively. A prototype with a cubical input tool made of electrically conductive polyurethane foam demonstrates the effectiveness and promise of the concept.
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Helenbrook, Brian T., and Timothy J. Baker. "An Adaptive Spectral Element Method for Two-Fluid Flows." In ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2002-31227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A new mesh adaptation technique for two dimensional deforming domains has been combined with an Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian, spectral/hp finite element solver. This combination provides a powerful simulation tool for two-fluid flows; With the spectral/hp finite element method, high accuracy solutions can be obtained efficiently, but by itself this technique is limited to problems with moderate interface deformation. By combining it with a mesh adaptation strategy for deforming domains, large deformation problems can be simulated. In addition, solution-based mesh refinement can be performed which is critical for resolving multi-scale two-fluid problems. The capabilities of these techniques together are demonstrated for some preliminary examples.
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Ren, Huaqing, Newell Moser, Zixuan Zhang, Kornel F. Ehmann, and Jian Cao. "Effects of Tool Deflection in Accumulated Double-Sided Incremental Forming Regarding Part Geometry." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8839.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Incremental forming is a flexible dieless forming process. In incremental forming, the metal sheet is clamped around its periphery. One or multiple generic stylus-type tools move along a predefined toolpath, incrementally deforming the sheet metal into a final, freeform shape. Compared with the traditional sheet metal forming process, the incremental forming process is more flexible, energy efficient and cost effective due to lower capital investment related to tooling. However, maintaining tight geometric tolerances in incremental formed parts can be a challenge. Specifically, undesired global bending is usually induced near the region between the tools and fixture resulting in a compromise in geometric accuracy. To address this issue, Accumulated Double-Sided Incremental Forming (ADSIF) is proposed, which utilizes two tools on both sides of the metal to better achieve localized deformation while simultaneously constraining global bending outside the forming area. Moreover, in ADSIF, the two tools are moving from inward to outward, and thus the tools are always forming virgin material and so as to limit forces on the already-formed part. Thus, ADSIF has a higher potential to achieve the desired geometry. Nevertheless, tool deflection due to machine compliance is still an issue that can have a considerable effect on geometric accuracy. In this work, the effect of tool deflection related to part geometry is studied for the ADSIF process. The nature of using two tools, rather than one, in ADSIF inherently implies that relative tool position is a critical process parameter. It is the region near these two tools where local squeezing and bending of the sheet occurs, the primary modes of deformation found in ADSIF. The change of relative tool positions (i.e., tool gap and relative position angle) are studied in detail by first developing an analytical model. It is concluded that the tool gap will be enlarged under the influence of tool compliance while the relative position angle is less affected. Additionally, a finite element simulation capable of modeling tool deflection is established. The comparison between the simulation results using rigid tools and deformable ones clearly demonstrated the significant influence of tool compliance on part geometry. Lastly, an axisymmetric part with varying wall angles was formed, and it was confirmed that ADSIF demonstrates improved geometry accuracy compared with conventional Double-Sided Incremental Forming.
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Prize, Michael, Douglas Bristow, and Robert Landers. "Modeling Force Fluctuations in Incremental Sheet Forming." In 2020 International Symposium on Flexible Automation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isfa2020-9621.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) is a versatile manufacturing method in which a three-dimensional part is fabricated by progressively deforming a metal sheet. This is typically done via a robot with a single point tool following a defined trajectory. During this process a reaction force between the forming tool and sheet is generated. This force, denoted the forming force and defined as the force acting perpendicular to the sheet, has been modeled in several studies. Given a part with homogenous material, a fixed part geometry, and constant process parameters, these models predict the forming force will be constant. However, many studies have shown that this force fluctuates during the process. This paper augments the model by accounting for changes in process parameters due to robot geometric errors to describe these fluctuations. The model is experimentally validated, and the fluctuations of the forming force are reduced by 51% by modifying the tool path based on the identified robot geometric error.
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Deng, Xin, Cori Watson, Minhui He, Houston Wood, and Roger Fittro. "Comparison of Experimental, Thermoelastohydrodynamic (TEHD) and Isothermal, Non-Deforming Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Results for Thrust Bearings." In ASME 2018 5th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2018-83177.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bearings are machine elements that allow components to move with respect to each other. A thrust bearing is a particular type of rotary bearing permitting rotation between parts but designed to support a predominately axial load. Oil-lubricated bearings are widely used in high speed rotating machines such as those found in the aerospace and automotive industries. With the increase of velocity, the lubrication regime will go through boundary lubrication, mixed lubrication, and hydrodynamic lubrication (full film). In this paper, the analysis was in the hydrodynamic lubrication region. THRUST is used to predict the steady-state operating characteristics of oil-lubricated thrust bearings. As a thermoelastohydrodynamic prediction tool, THRUST assumes a 3D turbulence model, 3D energy equation, and 2D Reynolds equation. Turbulence is included by obtaining average values of eddy momentum flux (Reynolds stress) and averaging the influence down to a 2D Reynolds equation. Convergence is achieved by iterating on the pad tilt angles and pivot film thickness until the integrated pressure matches the load applied to the pad. Despite the multiple experimental, CFD, and TEHD studies of thrust bearings that have been performed to date, no validation has yet been performed to confirm the accuracy of TEHD methods in modeling the performance of thrust bearings by both experimental and advanced computational means simultaneously. This study addresses this need by comparing TEHD and CFD simulation results of film thickness, temperature, power loss, and pressure in thrust bearings taken from the literature at multiple speeds and loads with results from experimental data. Starting from the case of the lowest speed and load, it was verified that this case is indeed laminar and with negligible thermal and elastic effects. Four cases were run in THRUST, a TEHD solver, combining thermal and deformation in each rotational speed and load combination. Additionally, a CFD study was performed in ANSYS CFX with the assumptions of isothermal, non-deforming. The average viscosity from THRUST was used in CFD to follow the effects of the isoviscous assumption. Then, the experimental, TEHD and CFD results were compared at each case. Experimental, TEHD, and CFD results show acceptable agreement when turbulence is negligible.
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Murakami, Hidenori. "Integrability Conditions in Nonlinear Beam Kinematics." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65293.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to develop an active nonlinear beam model, the beam’s kinematics is examined by employing the kinematic assumption of a rigid cross section during deformation. As a mathematical tool, the moving frame method, developed by Élie Cartan (1869–1951) on differentiable manifolds, is utilized by treating a beam as a frame bundle on a deforming centroidal curve. As a result, three new integrability conditions are obtained, which play critical roles in the derivation of beam equations of motion. They also serve a role in a geometrically-exact finite-element implementation of beam models. These integrability conditions enable the derivation of beam models starting from the three-dimensional Hamilton’s principle and the d’Alembert principle of virtual work. Finally, the reconstruction scheme for rotation matrices for given angular velocity at each time is presented.
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Gao, Wei, William S. Oates, Paul R. Miles, and Ralph C. Smith. "Application of the Maximum Entropy Method to Multifunctional Materials for Data Fusion and Uncertainty Quantification." In ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-7960.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bayesian statistics is a quintessential tool for model validation in many applications including smart materials, adaptive structures, and intelligent systems. It typically uses either experimental data or high-fidelity simulations to infer model parameter uncertainty of reduced order models due to experimental noise and homogenization of quantum or atomistic behavior. When heterogeneous data is available for Bayesian inference, open questions remain on appropriate methods to fuse data and avoid inappropriate weighting on individual data sets. To address this issue, we implement a Bayesian statistical method that begins with maximizing entropy. We show how this method can weight heterogeneous data automatically during the inference process through the error covariance. This Maximum Entropy (ME) method is demonstrated by quantifying uncertainty in 1) a ferroelectric domain structure model and 2) a finite deforming electrostrictive membrane model. The ferroelectric phase field model identifies continuum parameters from multiple density functional theory calculations. In the case of the electrostrictive membrane, parameters are estimated from both mechanical and electric displacement experimental measurements.
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Chichenev, N. A. "Improving the Thermal Fatigue Strength of Hot-Working Tools by Laser Treatment." In Modern Trends in Manufacturing Technologies and Equipment. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901755-8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. A method for increasing the thermal fatigue strength of a tool used in hot forming of bearing rings by applying circular laser tracks to the working surfaces is considered. Laser treatment is carried out with a power of 2.0...2.5 kW by applying on the end face working surface of the tool in the direction from the center to the periphery of the circular tracks with a common center coinciding with the center of the circumference of the end face; the tool is rotated at a constant angular rate, the spot diameter ds for each track is selected according to the dependence ds,i+1/ds,i = 0.85...0.90, and the laser radiation spots of adjacent tracks have a common point of contact. The results of pilot testing are presented, which confirmed the high technical and economic efficiency of the use of laser quenching for ejectors and punches. A tool made by machining, for example, an ejector of an AMP-70 automatic press, is subjected to volume quenching and tempering. The ejector material was steel 3Kh3M3F, quenching temperature in oil – 1030...1050 °С, tempering temperature – 580...610 °С. After volume quenching, additional machining is carried out, usually grinding, in order to remove the decarbonized layer of material formed during heat treatment and to give the working surface the required roughness class. The final stage in the tool manufacturing is the quenching of its working surface by laser treatment. Pilot testing showed that the use of laser treatment made it possible to increase the durability of ejectors of various types by 2 ... 3 times, of deforming punches – by 2.2 times.
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Vijayaraghavan, Athulan, Stephen V. Jayanathan, Moneer M. Helu, and David A. Dornfeld. "Design and Fabrication of a Roller Imprinting Device for Microfluidic Device Manufacturing." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72202.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Microfluidic devices are gaining popularity in a variety of applications, ranging from molecular biology to bio-defense. However, the widespread adoption of this technology is constrained by the lack of efficient and cost-effective manufacturing processes. This paper focuses on the roller imprinting process, which is being developed to rapidly and inexpensively fabricate micro-fluidic devices. In this process, a cylindrical roll with raised features on its surface creates imprints by rolling over a fixed workpiece substrate and mechanically deforming it. Roller imprinting aims to replace processes that were developed for laboratory scale prototyping which tend to not be scalable and have high equipment requirements and overheads. We discuss the limitations of PDMS soft lithography in large-scale manufacture of microfluidic devices. We also discuss the design, fabrication, and testing of a simple roller imprinting device. This imprinter has been developed based on the principles of precision machine design and is implemented using a three-axis machine tool for actuation and position measurement. A framework for the micro-machining of precision imprint rolls is also presented.
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Hutcheson, Paul S., John W. Chew, Rex B. Thorpe, Colin Young, and Nicholas J. Regan. "Modelling of Liquid Leakage Sprays in Crossflow." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59494.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The leakage and transport of oil within secondary air system cavities is of interest in oil and air system design, for which CFD can be used as a predictive tool. This paper focuses on the leakage of oil from cracks into a high speed crossflow, idealised as round nozzles at Weber numbers and momentum flux ratios relevant to those in an aero-engine. Simulations were performed using the Euler-Lagrangian approach implemented in a commercial CFD code (FLUENT), including sub-models for breakup, deforming droplet drag, collisions/coalescence and turbulent dispersion. CFD predictions were compared with experimental data from two independent studies. The calculated position of the centre-of-mass of the spray plume agreed well with experiment in all cases, but the penetration was found to be under-estimated. Differences in droplet sizes between experiments could not be explained by variations in the the gas Weber number alone, and a review of the literature has highlighted the importance of the liquid to gas viscosity ratio in determining droplet size trends. Experimental trends in droplet size with changing viscosity ratios were captured by CFD simulations, and droplet SMD was predicted within 20% of experiment. It is concluded that the sub-models used within an Euler-Lagrangian approach can be useful tools for the prediction of droplet size, although further improvements in breakup and coalescence modelling will be necessary if greater accuracy is required.