Дисертації з теми "Déformation macroscopique"
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Cheval, Florence. "Étude comparative des déformations statique et dynamique du cuivre polycristallin : aspects macroscopique et microscopique." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112394.
Повний текст джерелаEl, Mayas Theet Nathalie. "Modélisation microscopique et macroscopique du comportement d'un composite à matrice métallique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523623.
Повний текст джерелаGharbi, Nesrine. "Contribution à la compréhension de la déformation sous irradiation des alliages de zirconium à forte dose." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS026/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe growth of zirconium alloy tubes of PWR fuel assemblies is the result of two phenomena: axial irradiation creep and stress “free” growth which is correlated to the formation of c-loops at high irradiation doses. This PhD work aims at investigating the coupling between these two phenomena through a fine Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis of the effect of a macroscopic applied stress on the c-loop microstructure. 600 keV Zr+ ion irradiations were performed at 300°C on two recrystallized zirconium alloys: Zircaloy-4 and M5®. Thanks to a device specifically designed, different tensile or compressive stress levels were applied under ion irradiation. The microstructural observations have shown that the c-loop density reduces in grains oriented with the c-axis close to the direction of the applied tensile stress or far from the direction of the applied compressive stress, which is in good agreement with the SIPA mechanism. Nevertheless, the examination of a large number of grains has revealed dispersion from grain to grain. This dispersion, which could be explained by the intergranular heterogeneities, reduces the magnitude of the stress effect on c-loop microstructure. In parallel to this experimental study, a cluster dynamics model has been able to describe the evolution under irradiation of zirconium and Zircaloy-4 microstructure and to assess the effect of stress on c-loop microstructure. On the macroscopic scale, a physical model was also developed to predict the irradiation growth and creep behaviour of zirconium alloy tubes
Ketata, Lassaâd. "Etude et identification du comportement macroscopique de structures en matériaux anisotropes à l'aide d'essais d'optique cohérente." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES050.
Повний текст джерелаMaghous, Samir. "Détermination du critère de résistance macroscopique d'un matériau hétérogène à structure périodique. Approche numérique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1991. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529369.
Повний текст джерелаDe, Sa Caroline. "Etude hydro-mécanique et thermo-mécanique du béton : influence des gradients et des incompatibilités de déformation." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00279849.
Повний текст джерелаAubert, Isabelle. "Effet de l'hétérogénéisation plastique intragranulaire sur le comportement macroscopique des aciers doux lors de chargements complexes." Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Aubert.Isabelle.SMZ9852.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe determination of the macroscopic behavior of steel is more complicated if the sample is submitted to a sequential loading rather than a monotonous one. Experimental observations prove that plastic intragranular heterogeneities, like dislocations cells, have consequences for the rheology of complex loading, and mainly for the lost of ductility which can appear in sorne cases. Indeed, as the microstructure depends on the loading path, a first dislocations substructure disappears when a second loading is applied and consequently corresponding cells develop. This work consists in elaborating a theoretical model taking into account the cell microstructure evolution in order to represent the macroscopic behavior of steel during complex loading. The equations of the problem have been obtained with a thermodynamical formulation with internal variables. Dislocations cells are represented by a two-phases material in which cells interior are ellipsoïds composed of soft phase and cells walls correspond to the hard phase matrix. The plastic deformation in each phase is treated phenomenologically and the cells are totally defined by six morphological variables (three axis and three angles). The main difference with classical heterogeneous materials lies in the moving interfaces. The invariant formulation of the Helmholtz free energy allows to obtain results on the stability of static dislocations configurations. The dissipation, complementary laws and the non-local hardening matrix describe completely the model. Numerical applications, performed with two morphological variables, allow to follow microstructure evolutions and plastic instabilities appearance in the case of monotonous and complex loadings. That means that the model contains intrinsically physical mecanisms linked to complex loadings
Marion, Serge. "Influence de l'interphase de carbone pyrolytique sur l'endommagement et le comportement macroscopique des matériaux composites céramiques C/SiC." Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA132016.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Vinh Hoang Tan. "Modélisation micromécanique de la fissuration des matériaux hétérogènes par des modèles d'inclusion avec décollement à l'interface." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1038.
Повний текст джерелаDebonding at the interface is one of the main failure modes for "inclusion-matrix" materials. From a modeling point of view, it is therefore essential to describe the behavior of such materials with partially debonding interfaces.In the framework of the linear elastic fracture mechanics (in plane elasticity), this work concerns first of all the analysis of interfacial fissures located at the boundary of a circular inclusion, immersed in an infinite matrix. The generic solution of such a problem, based on the complex potential method of Muskhelishvili, has been proposed by Perlman and Sih (1966). This general solution was applied successively to the cases of a single crack and two symmetric cracks by Toya (1974) and Prasad and Simha (2002, 2003), respectively. We use here the methodology of Perlman and Sih (1966) to calculate the solution to the problem of two interface cracks of different lengths, but sharing the same axis of symmetry. On the basis of the solution obtained, we then analyze the propagation of two initially symmetrical cracks. We show that the propagation can be asymmetrical: the length of one of the cracks grows, while that of the other remains constant.Then, the Mori-Tanaka homogenization scheme is adopted to study the effect of the partial debonding of the interface on the macroscopic behavior of the material. Finally, we present a macroscopic stress-strain curve of the "inclusion-matrix" material subjected to uniaxial traction taking into account damage due to debonding at the interface. The influence of parameters such as volume fraction of inclusions, particle size and initial crack angle on this curve is examined
Mbengue, Serigne Saliou. "Étude des déformations induites par l'aimantation des dispositifs électrotechniques : développement d'un modèle magnéto-élastique macroscopique." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2265/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this document is part of a project (dBET : diminution des Bruits Electriques de Trains) which aims a better understanding of electromagnetic-origin vibration phenomena (indirectly noise) from electrical devices (transformers, inductors, motors) in trains. This project results from the collaboration of several laboratories and companies including Alstom, ESI Group.... Our contribution in this project consists in building a relevant model to predict the magnetostrictive strain, considered as one of the causes of electromagnetic-origin noise of electrical devices. A process of identification of the model parameters from experimental data is presented. The model is used to compute the magnetostrictive strain of a test bench thanks to finite elements method. Model results will be compared with measurements about ferromagnetic single sheet and the test bench which is a stack of ferromagnetic sheets
Gasperini, Monique. "Contribution à la caractérisation du comportement en emboutissage en rétreint d’une tôle d’alliage Al-Mg 2% : application d’un critère d’instabilité plastique à l’apparition de bandes de cisaillement." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112056.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis was to explain occurrence of macroscopic shear bands during cylindrical deep drawing of an Al-Mg 2% thin sheet which make up severe defects. In the frame of mechanics of a continuous medium with a constitutive equation stemmed from the Hill criterion for orthotropic materials, a criterion of localized plastic instability formulated in large strain theory and expressed on stresses has been tested in a semi experimenta1 way thanks to determination of strains on the flanges of cups by grid method. The zones of instability so calculated coincide approximatively with angular zones where shear bands are observed. This method is come up against the difficulty to describe real behaviour of the material and against experimental limitations on stress accuracy. On another hand, evolution of crystallographic texture during deep drawing has been qualitatively studied. Analogies between shear bands occurring during rolling and deep drawing have been suggested, underlining necessity to perform detailed microstructural investigations
Orliac, Jean-Guillaume. "Analyse et simulation du comportement anisotrope lors de la mise en forme de renforts tissés interlock." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00823359.
Повний текст джерелаWilleman, Héloïse. "Multi-scale characterization of deformation mechanisms of poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) under tensile stretching." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAL0006.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this PhD work is accessing the microscopic deformation mechanisms of bulk poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) under tensile stretching. Beforehand, the thermal and mechanical properties of two commercial grades of PEEK were characterized. Tensile specimens were then compression-molded to obtain morphologies as isotropic as possible and characterized below and above the glass transition temperature. Deformations at the scales of lamellar stacks and of the crystalline unit cell have been characterized by small and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS) performed in-situ during tensile tests. Simultaneously, the strain field within the samples was followed by digital image correlation (DIC) in order to compare microscopic and macroscopic strains. At both temperatures, lamellae tend to orient perpendicular to the tensile direction (TD). This orientation mechanism (which we denote as ‘Chain Network model’) is driven by the amorphous chains which transmit the stress between adjacent lamellae. The tensile strain in lamellar stacks perpendicular to TD is lower than the macroscopic tensile strain, which must be compensated by increased shear in inclined stacks. Some differences of behavior have been observed depending on the test temperature, especially at high deformation. A highly oriented morphology is ultimately obtained in all cases. However, the central scattering profiles changes with testing temperatures. Below Tg, the presence of small entities randomly oriented is indicated. Above Tg, the material is fibrillar and contains cavities
Chemisky, Yves. "Modélisation du comportement macroscopique des alliages à mémoire de forme : application aux matériaux composites." Phd thesis, Université de Metz, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421864.
Повний текст джерелаOdent, Thierry. "Création d’un modèle animal original de scoliose et caractérisation en trois dimensions des déformations : étude de la perméabilité macroscopique des plateaux vertébraux dans un modèle de compression asymétrique." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10178.
Повний текст джерелаScolisis is mainly an human spinal deformity which appears during growth and is characterized by a progressive structural deformity of the spine, the thorax and the pelvis. An original animal model based on the animal growth using an original device was developed in pigs. Using a three dimensional reconstruction of the spine, we demonstrated that deformity approximates children scoliosis deformity. The deformity consequences on the cartilage end plate (macroscopic permeability changes) and on bone vertebral micro-architecture (micro-CT parameters changes) were analysed to improve the knowledge on disc and vertebrae behaviour in deformity process and to develop new approaches of treatment in children
He, Wei. "Mechanical and microstructural properties of thin metal films on compliant substrates." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2280/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe mechanical behavior of metallic thin films deposited on soft substrates plays a crucial role in the performance of flexible electronics and MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS).At first, a novel method is presented to characterize the in-plane elastic modulus of sub micrometer thin films. With two coating layers bonded symmetrically to half polyimide substrates, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) has been employed to measure time-resolved full-field strain maps of film and substrate during in situ tensile testing. The strain differences between virgin and composite parts allowed to extract the elastic properties of the thin films in a simple way with high precision. As expected, the strain distribution is uniform through the film thickness which indicates a perfect adhesion between the film and the substrate. In the case of tungsten, chromium, nickel and copper films, the values obtained are close to the bulk one.In a second step, a new experimental method using uniaxial tensile testing is presented to study Bauschinger effect in thin metallic films deposited on stretchable substrates. Thanks to our new pre-tensile setup (specific grips), the thin films were deposited on pre-stretched substrates and thus could be deformed alternately in tension and compression within a large strain domain. The elastic intra-granular strain of polycrystalline thin films and true strain of substrates are measured in situ by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and DIC. From lattice strain-true strain curves, the mechanical response of copper and nickel /substrate sets is analyzed in view of the complete loading history and the presence of residual stresses and crystallographic texture in thin films
Charmetant, Adrien. "Approches hyperélastiques pour la modélisation du comportement mécanique de préformes tissées de composites." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00706212.
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