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1
GUPTA, UMESH C., Y. W. JAME, C. A. CAMPBELL, A. J. LEYSHON, and W. NICHOLAICHUK. "BORON TOXICITY AND DEFICIENCY: A REVIEW." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 65, no. 3 (August 1, 1985): 381–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss85-044.
Анотація:
In this review the soil and environmental factors influencing B toxicity and deficiency in plants are discussed with the main emphasis being given to B toxicity. Some of the topics covered are sources of B, importance of B to plants, deficiency and toxicity criteria, factors affecting B sorption, quantification of B sorption, difficulties encountered in appraising B deficiency and toxicity limits and confusion in the specification of available B units, Eaton’s sand culture work — its assets and weaknesses, B fertilization of crops, B toxicity due to irrigation, and B equilibrium in soils. Suggested areas requiring further research are delineated. Key words: Plant boron, soil boron, boron adsorption characteristics of soil, irrigation management
2
Taslina Pervin and Emdadul Hoque. "Profitability measurement of selected Islamic Shariah-based private commercial banks in Bangladesh: A comparative Study." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2024): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.1.0999.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study is to analyze the profitability of five selected five Islami banks with a Shariah foundation and to determine whether these banks are more or less profitable. This study makes use of secondary data that was gathered from selected banks' annual reports between 2013 and 2022. This study employed a parametric approach; comparisons were assessed using descriptive analysis; the ANOVA test was used to assess reliability; and multiple regressions was utilized to assess impact. SPSS version 2014 is utilized for multiple regression analysis, and Excel 10 is used for ANOVA tests. The results indicate that the profitability of the selected banks is fairly high, with every bank under examination achieving favorable outcomes. The percentage of deposits with assets and the distribution of assets among the sample banks are not moderate. The inadequate asset allocation of FSIBPLC is indicated by its low return on assets. Furthermore, the bank has a deficiency in the area of net profit margin (NPM). Additionally, SIBL's debt collection and repayment are inadequate. Investors will be deterred from investing by the significant variations in return on equity found in almost every bank during the research period. Reducing overhead costs and enhancing the appropriate distribution of loans and advances will boost operating income and net profit efficiency. Above all, FSIBPLC and AIBPLC have fared well across the board. To optimize their profitability, the three remaining banks—IBBPLC, SIBL, and UBBPLC—had to step up their efforts.
3
Udoh, Edet J., Sunday B. Akpan, and Edikan Francis Uko. "Assessment of Sustainable Livelihood Assets of Farming Households in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 4 (July 30, 2017): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n4p83.
Анотація:
There is surfeit of evidence on increase poverty and low agricultural productivity among majority of rural dwellers in Nigeria. Researches have established an inverse linked between rural poverty and sustainable households’ asset based. Agricultural production, being the major livelihood source for majority of rural dwellers needs considerable asset or capital for it to be considered as sustainable. Based on this assertion, the study assesses the sustainable livelihood assets of farming households in Abak Local Government area of Akwa Ibom state in Southern region of Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 110 farming household heads in the study area. Structured questionnaires were used to collect cross sectional data from respondents. Descriptive tools were used to analyse data collected. The socioeconomic features of respondents revealed a sample population that is fast ageing, dominated by married male and moderately educated. Result also showed that, respondents had considerable piles of physical, social and natural assets to assist in livelihood sustenance. However, the index of capacity structure of sustainable livelihood assets revealed a huge deficiency in financial and human assets among farming households in the region. Hence, it is recommended that, farming households should increase their human assets by encouraging education of the younger household members. Also, efforts should be made to improve social capital formation among farming households and communities.
4
Verma, Preeti, Pankaj Gupta, and Amarjeet Singh. "A Comprehensive Survey on Novel Fault Current Limiters in Wind Energy Conversion System." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 12, no. 01 (June 30, 2020): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v12i01.10.
Анотація:
The interest for power is expanding at a very high rate, and the generation of power is running in front of supply. The presentation of distributed vitality assets is the greatest change happening to the dispersion arrangement. There is an expanded reconciliation of distributed vitality assets with the circulation arrange utilizing power hardware converters to meet the consistently expanding request of power. In the future, normally, the entrance level of appropriated vitality assets will further increment. The association of circulated vitality assets with the circulation system brings about increment in the estimation of issue current, which can cause unusual conditions in the whole control framework to arrange. The equipment introduced at the producing station and the substation is over the top expensive. In this way, it is important to shield this equipment from the fault current. A fault current limiter (FCL) is a progressive power framework device that beats the issues because of expanded deficiency current levels. It is a device that lessens the imminent issue flows to a lower sensible level. In this paper principals of activity and structures of the different current limiter is examined. It surrenders short and to-date writing audit of regular shortcoming current constraining gadgets just as deficiency momentum constraining gadgets which are still in an examination or improvement arrange.
5
Polidi, T. "Accumulated Deficiency of Housing Investments in Russia:Threats and Prospects." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 20, 2014): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-4-37-55.
Анотація:
The author presents estimations of economic distortions in the Russian housing sector, which have become the result of the housing policy of the last 70 years. Such distortions are explained by the deficiency of investment required for supporting existing housing assets. The author suggests mechanisms for eliminating the gap between investment required and actual one. The study results allow justify the goal of the state housing policy in Russia and determine the optimal strategy for achieving this goal using available resources.
6
Hawk, Ashton, Jeffrey J. Reuer, and Andrew Garofolo. "The Impact of Firm Speed Capabilities on the Decision to Partner or Go It Alone." Strategy Science 6, no. 3 (September 2021): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/stsc.2020.0122.
Анотація:
This study empirically examines the role of intrinsic speed capabilities, which refer to the ability to execute investment projects faster than competitors, in shaping corporations’ choice of alliances versus autonomous project development. Our basic premise is that firms lacking intrinsic speed capabilities (i.e., slow firms) are more likely to turn to alliances to supplement their capability deficiency. However, we expect that the ability of slow firms to partner with fast firms hinges on the former’s possession of complementary supporting assets. Our empirical analyses furnish evidence supporting these ideas using data from the global liquefied natural gas industry.
7
Tretyakov, V. D. "Scientific Methodological Approach to Optimization of Machine-Building Enterprise’s Order Portfolio Execution Plan in the Conditions of Deficiency of Circulating Assets." Bulletin of Ural Federal University. Series Economics and Management 18, no. 2 (2019): 210–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2019.18.2.011.
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Aslinda, Wery, Elvyrah Faisal, Asriani, and Bahja. "Workshop On The Implementation Of Balanced Nutrition Messages To Prevent Anemia In Female Adolescent." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Svasta Harena 1, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/jpmsh.v1i2.491.
Анотація:
Adolescents are the nation's assets for the creation of a better future generation. Adolescence is a time of rapid changes in terms of physical, cognitive, psychosocial or behavioral growth. Female adolescent often experience problems, one of which is anemia. Anemia is a deficiency (deficiency) of red blood cells due to low hemoglobin levels in the body. Anemia that occurs in female adolescent can interfere with the process of growth and development. The purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge and awareness of female adolescent regarding balanced nutrition messages and anemia. The method used is public education by utilizing the media (food model). The results of this activity showed that 30.5% of female adolescent had anemia, 41,7% of female adolescent with good knowledge, and increased to 93,3% after training. The conclusion of this community service activity is that there is an increase in knowledge and awareness of female adolescent related to anemia by implementing a balanced nutrition messages. Through this activity, participants are expected to maintain a healthy lifestyle with balanced nutrition guidelines and make efforts to prevent anemia.
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Botes, Vida, Rory Diver, and Howard Davey. "Preserving the past: an accountability study of the annual reporting practices by leading museums in USA, UK and Europe." Corporate Ownership and Control 11, no. 1 (2013): 893–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv11i1c11p1.
Анотація:
Museums as custodians of important cultural heritage assets attract significant sponsorship from government and communities and a need exists to understand how the resources made available are being spent, to maintain and increase the value of these assets. The significance placed on museums warrants further investigation into their accountability and the purpose of this paper is to analyse museums reporting practices, as a way to discharge performance accountability. The reporting practices of the world’s leading museums in the USA versus those predominately located in the UK (with a small focus on Europe) were examined, compared and contrasted, in order to suggest better practice for improved accountability in in annual reporting so as assist in improving the governance of museums. To assess the annual reports, a modified version of a research instrument which works in conjunction with the balanced scorecard framework to evaluate performance accountability, namely the Museums’ Performance Accountability Index (MPADI) by Wei, Davey and Coy (2008) has been adopted. Evidence is found that the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard were emphasized differently between USA and UK/European institutions. The findings demonstrate areas of strength s but also recommend improved reporting practices for museums. The study draws out a number of detailed observations which offers suggestions for better practice in reporting by museums. Until recently there has been little research on the performance and accountability of this sector. This work assists in addressing this deficiency.
10
Shroff, Nemit. "Real Effects of PCAOB International Inspections." Accounting Review 95, no. 5 (October 21, 2019): 399–433. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-52635.
Анотація:
ABSTRACT This paper examines the effect of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) international inspection program on companies' financing and investing decisions. Difference-in-differences regression estimates suggest that companies respond to their auditor receiving a “deficiency-free” inspection report by issuing additional external capital amounting to 1.4 percent of assets and increasing investment by 0.5 percent of assets. These effects are larger for (1) financially constrained companies and (2) companies located in countries where there is no regulator or the regulator does not conduct inspections. Further, the effect on financing decisions is stronger in countries with (1) low corruption, (2) strong rule of law, and (3) high regulatory quality. Descriptive evidence suggests that inspections increase the use of financial covenants in debt contracts, which is likely one of the mechanisms through which inspections generate real effects. This paper documents the value of PCAOB inspections in mitigating financing frictions for non-U.S. companies. JEL Classifications: D8; D25; G15; G31; G38; M4; M41; M42. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
11
Wang, Lan, and Cong Li. "Utilization of Rural Resource Assets: Time-Space Estimate on the Total Factor Productivity." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2022 (August 4, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9730564.
Анотація:
The utilization efficiency of China’s rural collective resource assets has always been at a low level, and excessive energy consumption and input have become the main limiting factor, which seriously affects the overall improvement of agricultural modernization and rural people’s livelihood. In this paper, time measure and space measurement are adopted alternatively, and spatiotemporal vertical-horizontal progressive deduction is built with the improved model, so as to set up a perfect spatiotemporal dynamic effect evaluation system: First of all, improve the U-HDM-GML index model, study on the improvement strategy for input redundancy and unexpected output redundancy in the utilization efficiency of rural collective resources assets in various provinces of China, as well as the equilibrium rupture relation between the two from the perspective of global space and time, and at the same time of fulfilment of time measurement and estimation, provide support for better expressing the spatial effect in terms of improving approach and strategy; secondly, measure the improvement strategy of the total factor productivity of research samples with the spatial expletory ESDA test method, and it is also applicable to global spatial effect evaluation system; finally, apply FE-SDM to further analyze the difference of spatial effect of total factor productivity in rural resource asset utilization. Through analysis of the significant difference characteristics of the research samples with different geographical and spatial characteristics, the strategy deficiency in terms of difference discrimination is made up. Conclusions. This paper carries out the time and spatial effect measurement of total factor productivity for the performance of pilot strategies in various provinces of China in the last ten years and puts forward a more beneficial improved strategy and mechanism, preferentially selected according to the direction indicated by good research indicators, gets the redevelopment strategy for improving the utilization efficiency of areas at a low level of resources utilization currently, and indicates the direction for tapping the full potential of existing rural resources according to the practical conditions at local places, in the hope of establishing the trans-provincial cooperation supply and demand system based on the new rural collective economic organizations (cooperatives) after the reform experimentation and optimizing the spatial spillovers of rural resources assets, so as to make a breakthrough in the barrier due to growth of technical efficiency.
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Belik, Valery N., Nikolay N. Kutakov, and Dmitry G. Metlin. "Problems of Legal Regulation of the Implementation of Fixed Assets of Legal Entities, Serving Sentences as an Incentive for Law-abiding Behavior of Those Sentenced to Imprisonment, Respect for Individual Rights." Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences 14, no. 11 (November 2021): 1720–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17516/1997-1370-0852.
Анотація:
The aim of the work is to study criminal-executive relations in the field of application of the basic means of correction to convicts serving a sentence of imprisonment. The analysis of the legal basis for the implementation of fixed assets for the correction of convicts established by the criminal executive legislation of Russia is carried out. There is a deficiency in the legal regulation of certain remedies, including social impact and educational work with prisoners. This circumstance is a significant obstacle to their implementation in practice, which negatively affects the formation of law-abiding behavior of persons serving a prison sentence, as well as the observance of rights. A number of recommendations are made, aimed at improving the criminal-executive policy in this area, including on the basis of the analysis of the legal support of remedies for convicted countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States convicted under the law
13
Minaei, Amin, Enrico Creaco, and Robert Sitzenfrei. "A multi-utility and dynamic approach for the upgrade of an aged water distribution network." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1136, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1136/1/012041.
Анотація:
Abstract Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) along with other utilities are among the most important assets in every industrialized society. The rehabilitation and upgrade of WDNs refer to a very complex and multi-criteria problem which needs a comprehensive decision support system providing optimal renewal plans for the asset managers. There is a multitude of real-world problems faced with such activities. In this regard, this study aims to propose a novel method to cope with three practical challenges in WDNs rehabilitation activities including 1-budget limitation, 2- hydraulic deficiency and 3- correlation of WDNs with other infrastructures bringing the risk of cascading failures to a multiplex network. This results in a multi-objective optimization problem with three objectives which are cost, hydraulic and decoupled reliabilities. The problem is solved dynamically with the contribution of a nature inspired optimization algorithm, the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). The method is applied to a deteriorated water pipe network, and the results are compared with the ones obtained only by the consideration of two objectives, costs and hydraulic reliability showing how much the objectives are conflicted with each other.
14
Heide, Jan B., and George John. "Do Norms Matter in Marketing Relationships?" Journal of Marketing 56, no. 2 (April 1992): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224299205600203.
Анотація:
Transaction cost analysis is rapidly becoming an important theoretical paradigm in marketing. However, the accumulation of transaction cost studies has been accompanied by a growing body of criticism, primarily directed toward its underlying behavioral norm of opportunism. That norm is a serious theoretical deficiency, not only because it may be descriptively inaccurate, but also because it limits the applicability of the theoretical framework. The authors show that norms play a very significant role in structuring economically efficient relationships between independent firms. In the absence of supportive norms, it is not possible for parties whose specific assets are at risk to acquire vertical control as per the transaction cost prescription. Instead, those parties lose control because of their dependence. An empirical test of the conceptual model in a sample of manufacturer-supplier relationships shows good support for the authors’ hypotheses.
15
Sisodia, Swati, and Neetima Agarwal. "Whirl of Prowess-Creation of Tool to Analyze Employability Skills Essential for the Healthcare Industry." International Journal of Information Systems and Social Change 10, no. 4 (October 2019): 36–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijissc.2019100103.
Анотація:
Employability skills are identified as one of the valuable assets for an individual to perform effectively in their job. This article extricates an encyclopedic list of Employability Skills needed in the health care industry, represented through a pragmatic model termed as The Whirl of Prowess. This conceptual framework was developed using a set of nine core skills extracted from research papers and focus group interviews conducted on 100 respondents. These skills form the core of model along with 22 attributes, forming the periphery. This will assist an organization to set some benchmarks, on the basis of which employees are evaluated demonstrating proficiency/ sufficiency/ deficiency levels. This model would help organizations to facilitate tailored training programs for their employees. The Whirl of Prowess would act as a skill meter available to organizations to evaluate and analyze the individual skills for various HRM practices like recruitment, career-development, performance management and others.
16
Wang, Hui-Mei. "Fostering Collaborations: A Knowledge-Acquisition Strategy for Contract Manufacturers in OEM Relationships." International Business Research 11, no. 11 (October 11, 2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n11p28.
Анотація:
Acquiring knowledge through collaborations with OEM buyers is critical for offshore contract manufacturers given its relative resource-deficiency. However, existing research on knowledge transfer within OEM alliances mainly addresses knowledge abuse hazards from the buyers’ stance. We have limited understanding about how the contract manufacturers could alleviate the buyers’ concerns so as to foster a wide array of joint projects. Adopting lenses of transaction cost economics and relational view, this study hypothesizes that buyer-specific tangible/ intangible/ site assets and relational capital will contribute to collaborations in international OEM relationships. The arguments by and large find empirical support in data collected from 110 dyadic relationships between OEM buyers and Taiwan contract manufacturers in information industries. Overall, this study sheds light on the mechanisms to enhance collaborations and entails a knowledge acquisition strategy for resource-poor contract manufacturers mostly from emerging markets.
17
Rubinstein, А. Ya. "Creative economy of the paternalistic state: What does the coming day hold for us?" Journal of the New Economic Association 54, no. 2 (2022): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2022-54-2-11.
Анотація:
The paper presents the author’s view on the formation of economics of culture which was acceded to the neoclassical theory as a branch science only in the second half of XXth century with the inherent law of «price disease» causing deficiency of income of cultural goods producers. The present stage of the development of this science is determined by the modern theory of economic growth where the hypothesis of dependence of total factor productivity on intangible assets is presented as an innovation allowing discovering inner resources of culture and other creative economy branches which fundamentally change their position in the economic world. The question is about the economic valuation of the results of cultural activity, including copyrights that were transformed into intellectual property. At the same time, the article formulates a contrary assessment of the concept of cultural industries, which can only become an additional reason for the financial authorities to reduce the amount of budget subsidies to producers of cultural goods.
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Goyal, Mani, and Avinash Sharma. "A Hybrid Encryption Model to Lower the Complexity of Securing the Data in Cloud." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 2664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8963.
Анотація:
Remote Cloud services are very efficient to overcome the deficiency of native resources. This kind of facility and assets availability which depends on the quality of link to the remote server, and this arrangement may fail due to poor connectivity scenarios. For requests demanding large data trans- fers to the remote host, performing the computation on the device can have well performance than relying on processing by the remote host when the device’s Internet connection is extremely poor. Attaining good performance is conditional and depends on an optimal dividing of the application mechanism among the device and cloud platforms depends on runtime conditions. A cloud structure with dynamic checking on bunch of cloud facility sources for optimum distributing of the submission built on runtime situations is implemented. The framework consists of hybrid encryption (DES and Blowfish) before uploading the customer records to cloud loading in vision to safely distribute data between several clouds.
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Chen, Sizhuo. "Exploring the Subprime Crisis." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 59, no. 1 (January 5, 2024): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/59/20230989.
Анотація:
This paper delves into an examination of the three primary interrelated factors that precipitated the subprime mortgage crisis: regulatory deficiencies, policy failures, and dysfunctional innovation. Furthermore, it conducts an analysis of the underlying factors that exacerbated the ramifications of this economic upheaval: the excessive proliferation of securitization, a deficiency in market transparency, inadequate risk management practices within financial institutions, and challenges associated with credit rating agencies. The subprime mortgage crisis has incited extensive discourse across diverse sectors, notably encompassing two pivotal dimensions: firstly, inquiries surrounding the transparency of assets and, secondly, predicaments pertaining to governmental intervention for market stabilization. This article undertakes a comprehensive categorization and in-depth exposition of these discrete issues, proffering meticulous explications corroborated by empirical substantiation. Culminating in its denouement, the article proffers prudent recommendations aimed at preemptively mitigating the advent of future crises. The entire discourse endeavors to maintain an objective and truthful perspective, aiming to explore the fundamental nature of the subprime mortgage crisis rigorously.
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Aidonojie, Paul Atagamen, Obieshi Eregbuonye, Afolabi Toyin Majekodunmi, and Michael E. Inagbor. "The Prospect and Legal Issues of Income Tax in the Nigerian Metaverse." Trunojoyo Law Review 6, no. 1 (February 26, 2024): 17–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/tlr.v6i1.23874.
Анотація:
The Metaverse, a virtual space encompassing augmented reality, virtual reality, and the internet, has witnessed rapid growth, giving rise to complex economic activities. However, it suffices to state that despite the relevance of the metaverse concept in the global terrain, Nigeria, like many nations, could face the challenge of adapting its tax laws to the unique characteristics of the Metaverse. Given this, this study adopts a hybrid method of study to explore the taxation challenges within the Nigerian Metaverse, evaluating the efficacy of current tax laws and regulations in this evolving digital landscape. In this regard, 352 questionnaires were distributed to legal practitioners residing in Nigeria to ascertain their views concerning the sufficiency and deficiency of the existing tax laws regulating the tax issues in the metaverse. The study's findings reveal significant challenges in existing tax laws, including jurisdictional complexities, defining taxable income in virtual environments, identifying entities subject to taxation, enforcing regulations without physical assets, overcoming technology gaps, and ensuring legislative adaptability to digital advancements. These challenges hinder the growth of the Metaverse industry and pose risks in revenue generation within the metaverse operation in Nigeria. It was therefore concluded that there is an urgent need to adapt tax policies to the unique characteristics of the Metaverse in Nigeria. A balance between innovation and regulatory oversight is crucial for sustainable growth in the virtual economy. In this regard, the study recommended clear definitions and classifications of virtual assets, considering international best practices and collaborating with international bodies to establish a comprehensive and adaptive legal framework for taxing Metaverse activities in Nigeria.
21
Ramlau-Hansen, H. "Life Insurance Accounting at Current Values: A Danish View." British Actuarial Journal 3, no. 3 (August 1, 1997): 655–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321700005079.
Анотація:
ABSTRACTTraditional life insurance accounting standards rely on various types of book and cost values, the result being that the income and balance sheet statements do not necessarily give a true and transparent picture of the result of the life business. As examples, assets are typically stated at a mix of cost, current and amortised cost values, whereas life insurance provisions are calculated according to the approved technical basis.In this paper, it is suggested that this deficiency can be corrected by preparing life insurance accounts at current value. The proposed method implies that the life insurance provisions shall amount to the present value of the company's net liabilities to the policyholders including a provision for future bonus distribution. Moreover, any unrealized investment reserves are thrown into light, and it is shown how a bonus equalization provision at current value may serve as a key indicator of the financial strength of the company.The method has been designed primarily for the Danish market, but aspects of the method should be of relevance more widely.Finally, the results are illustrated by a number of numerical examples.
22
Braun, Susanne. "German Insolvency Act: Special Provisions of Consumer Insolvency Proceedings and the Discharge of Residual Debts." German Law Journal 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200004405.
Анотація:
Information about the insolvency of big enterprises such as Enron and Worldcom in the United States; Bremer Vulkan, Philip Holzmann, Babcock Borsig, CargoLifter, Walter Bau and “Ihr Platz GmbH & Co KG” in Germany; and discussion about the insolvency of States (e.g. Argentina) has awakened public interest in insolvency law and proceedings. Both the high number of insolvent enterprises and the increasing rate of consumer insolvency are shocking.The German Insolvency Act of 1999 created a uniform insolvency statute for all of Germany. In most cases, upon the instituting of insolvency proceedings, only small or no-insolvency estates were available. As a result, creditors only received average distributions of between three and five percent. Approximately three quarters of all insolvency procedures could not be instituted because of an insufficient insolvency estate. A large number of the insolvency proceedings carried out by the courts had to be terminated prematurely due to lack of assets. This deficiency in the law, referred to as the “bankruptcy of bankruptcy,” is to be remedied by the new Insolvency Act, as a failure in instituting insolvency proceedings is damaging confidence in the German economy.
23
Santos, Marcia Amorim, Moisés Ari Zilber, and Luciano Augusto Toledo. "UM ESTUDO SOBRE OPEN INNOVATION E SUA RELAÇÃO COM INOVAÇÃO E ORIENTAÇÃO PARA O MERCADO DOI:10.7444/fsrj.v3i2.82." Future Studies Research Journal: Trends and Strategies 3, no. 2 (January 20, 2012): 193–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.24023/futurejournal/2175-5825/2011.v3i2.82.
Анотація:
Many global companies, which are proactive to continuous changes in the market so as to access complementary assets, satisfy customers, pursue growth and sustainable competitive advantage, are practicing open innovation, a new paradigm that uses techniques and tools for the development of an innovative collaboration network. Furthermore, there are studies suggesting that companies ought to be market-driven so innovation might be successful. Therefore, this research sought to contribute with the scientific body by addressing the new open innovation paradigm (Chesbrough, 2003) and the widespread strategy of market orientation in the field of innovation. To this effect, we sought to determine whether there is positive correlation between open innovation, innovation and market orientation based on Jaworski and Kohli´s (1993) three pillars. The empirical study was conducted by means of a quantitative survey with the application of a questionnaire at different corporate functional levels. To treat data, we adopted the Spearman´s statistical correlation method. Results linked to the theoretical framework demonstrated that innovation is related to market orientation, but this in turn has no significant relationship with open innovation. It was also verified that there is a deficiency in the generation and dissemination of intelligence, which are fundamental for the correlation between market orientation and open innovation.
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Niquini, Roberta Pereira, Sonia Duarte de Azevedo Bittencourt, Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda, Cláudia Saunders, and Maria do Carmo Leal. "Factors associated with non-adherence to prescribed iron supplement use: a study with pregnant women in the city of Rio de Janeiro." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 16, no. 2 (June 2016): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042016000200007.
Анотація:
Abstract Objectives: to identify factors associated with non-use of iron supplements (IS) by pregnant women attending National Health System (SUS) prenatal care in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007/2008 with a representative sample of pregnant women using SUS hospitals and basic care in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The group that had gestational age of ≥ 20 weeks at the time of the interview and who had been prescribed IS (n=1407) was subjected to a Poisson multiple regression model to estimate the association between use and independent variables. Results: of the 1407 pregnant women, 65% reported use of IS. Younger age, black skin/race, larger number of births, not having received guidance on use of IS, not having tried to obtain IS at the SUS (with a stronger association between pregnant women with lower levels of education and lower household assets indicator - HAI) and not having been able to obtain them at the SUS (amongpregnant women with lower HAI) were significantly associated with non-use. Conclusions: the guidance of health professionals regarding use of IS and their regular availability may increase adherence to prescription among pregnant women and prevent iron deficiency anemia.
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Trolio, Jena, Molly Eckman, and Khanjan Mehta. "Leveraging Globalization to Revive Traditional Foods." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 6 (November 30, 2016): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n6p212.
Анотація:
<p>Traditional foods are important to the sustainability of their native regions because they are often keystone assets to food security, economic stability, and quality nutrition. Globalization of agricultural markets, changing lifestyles, and rural-to-urban migration has contributed to the gradual loss of traditional foods in developing countries. The transition from traditional foods to imported refined carbohydrates, sugars, and edible oils has promoted nutrient deficiency, economic instability, and food insecurity. While the effects of globalization have been largely negative for indigenous foods, globalization is inevitable and has potentially useful aspects. Local champions and international supporters can leverage specific technologies and market patterns brought about or influenced by globalization to revive culinary traditions, strengthen local food systems, and bolster indigenous livelihoods. Such approaches include helping farmers benefit from technological advances in efficiency and economy of scale, biotechnology, post-harvest processing, and smart infrastructure combined with ethically-conscious food sourcing. Trends such as human migration, exotic food fads, interest in nutritious and organic foods, the rise of social media, and agricultural extension and education can also support improvements in local agricultural products and their globalizing markets. Collectively, these efforts can help revive sustainable traditional food production and enhance the lives and livelihoods of indigenous communities.</p>
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Jafari, Mostafa, Kamran Shahanaghi, and Majid Tootooni. "Developing a Robust Strategy Map in Balanced Scorecard Model Using Scenario Planning." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/102606.
Анотація:
The key to successful strategy implementation in an organization is for people in the organization to understand it, which requires the establishment of complicated but vital processes whereby the intangible assets are converted into tangible outputs. In this regard, a strategy map is a useful tool that helps execute this difficult task. However, such maps are typically developed based on ambiguous cause-effect relationships that result from the extrapolation of past data and flawed links with possible futures. However, if the strategy map is a mere reflection of the status quo but not future conditions and does not embrace real-world uncertainties, it will endanger the organization since it posits that the current situation will continue. In order to compensate for this deficiency, the environmental scenarios affecting an organization were identified in the present study. Then the strategy map was developed in the form of a scenario-based balanced scorecard. Besides, the effect of environmental changes on the components of the strategy map was investigated using the strategy maps illustrated over time together with the corresponding cash flow vectors. Subsequently, a method was proposed to calculate the degree of robustness of every component of the strategy map for the contingency of every scenario. Finally, the results were applied to a post office.
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Song, Chenjing. "Structural Changes in Banking Industry after the 2008 Financial Crisis." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 8 (April 11, 2023): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v8i.7224.
Анотація:
The 2008 financial crisis is an evolution phase of the financial market in the thorough financial deregulation procedure that started at the end of the 1970s. After that, the bank capital requirements of the US have been revised in various significant ways, the goal of which is to support the banking system and decrease the potential of another crisis. The notion is that banks change to follow the business model of securitization and embrace social corporate responsibility more rigorously. Given what happened during the crisis, the Basel II Accord has been criticized. This paper will analyze the changes in the internal management and supervision of banks from the perspective of Basel reform, and explore the causes of the financial crisis and the deficiency in bank governance. Apart from that, three areas of banking industry, including capital structure, assets management and administering of credit risk, are demonstrated. According to the results, the banks have raised capital requirements, increased bank liquidity, reduced bank leverage, constantly evolved and found new ways to keep adequate performance level. At the same time, corruption in bank lending is effectively controlled. This paper further discusses the post-crisis measures in the banking sector, and demonstrates that the regulators need to consider the banks’ expansion and the increase of their capital level.
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Ashrafi, Ali. "Educational Technology and Principles and Methods of Teaching English." Indonesian Journal Of Educational Research and Review 4, no. 1 (April 18, 2021): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/ijerr.v4i1.33173.
Анотація:
The use of various audio-visual technologies in the teaching and learning process is very important. However, one of the most important teacher skills and knowledge is familiarity with this technology in English. The purpose of this study was to analyze the instructive innovation in the form of utilizing PC assets in learning English. The current investigation was led using enlightenment strategies accumulated by library procedures, which were collected taking into account educational innovations, related issues, articles, and books which have been referenced in the references. The results of this study show that encouraging guides as interfaces have options to do their job well. It would be better if the instructor had basic skills to use this device. Due to the problems of our nation's learning system in displaying English and the lack of trained students' skills, especially in speaking, listening, and writing, many guardians are trying to make up for this deficiency in the learning system by turning to state-of-the-art schools. Therefore, in this article, we have chosen to analyze the task of encouraging progress of assistance in promoting the teaching of English in the homeroom. So, it can be concluded that the use of PC resources, as well as e-learning, can help teachers in the classroom and remember that it enhances training ideas and makes students excited to learn.
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Lukasheva, O. L., N. E. Novikova, V. A. Melnikov, and A. A. Stepanov. "Developing the Efficient System of Organization Governance Based on Optimization of Its Counterpart Liabilities." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 1 (February 14, 2022): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2022-1-148-158.
Анотація:
The efficiency of any organization work and its financial wellbeing depend mainly on policy of managing debt receivable and its results. It is explained by the fact that debtor liabilities form the current company assets by 30–40% on average. To provide liquidity and solvency organization top management shall not allow the excessive immobilization of own working capital and its freezing in the form of non-repaid counterpart liabilities. At the same time to minimize debt receivable in current condition of company functioning is not possible. The principle cause of debt receivable rise is high competition on food and service market, due to which companies offer to their clients different conditions of settlement by contracts. This practice results in cash deficiency and can have a negative impact on finance standing of the company, which requires using different tools that could provide the timely repay of liabilities by counterparts. The article substantiates that only complex and systematic application of different methods of debt receivable optimization can give an opportunity to reach the result and raise efficiency of organization work. The effective control over debt receivable is possible, if the system is built that allows to get operative information and encashment of indebtedness without exposing the company to risks, as its excessive amount and low quality threaten profitability and solvency of the organization.
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Tambunan, Derwin. "DEMOCRACY UNDER THREAT: THE POLITICS OF CORRUPTION AND PARTY FINANCING SYSTEM IN INDONESIA." Journal of Social Political Sciences 2, no. 3 (August 30, 2021): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/jsps.v2i3.69.
Анотація:
After Soeharto's authoritarian regime had ended in 1998, Indonesia has successfully been transformed into one of the world's largest democratic nations. However, Indonesia still faces enormous challenges to eradicating corruption; corruption is still ubiquitous and entrenched in governments and political parties. This study argues that the primary reasons for this apparent paradox are the politics of corruption and the dysfunction of the party finance system underpinning the illicit campaign financing system. This research also claims that the deficiency of the party finance system is not accidental; it is intentionally designed and perpetuated by the elites who prefer the illicit finance system since this system allows them to penetrate the state's assets, creating privileged business opportunities and reserving political advantages. The elites minority overpower political parties and establish politics-business networks to perpetuate their status quo and dominance in politics and economy. The dysfunction of the party financing system has also caused parties to remarkably relied on financial support from conglomerates; this situation engenders politics and 'black' business empires networks and oligarchisation. Further, business and political parties maintain their access to the state's resources by becoming part of electoral democracy, assuming political office or lobbying societal organisations, and taking control over economic actions and election campaigns that undermine Indonesia's democracy system. To substantiate the arguments in this study, the researcher uses the literature study and secondary data sources to support the arguments
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Shavshukov, Viacheslav, and Natalia Zhuravleva. "Restructuring of International Finance for Sustainable Development of The Global Economy." SHS Web of Conferences 74 (2020): 06028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207406028.
Анотація:
The global crisis of 2008–2009 and its long post-crisis recession have raised questions about the future structure of the world economy. The crisis is viewed as a crash of the basic elements of the global economy’s system. The international markets of financial assets failed to regulate themselves and aggravated conflicts between global and national finance. In 2010–2019 the world economy faced the risks for sustainable development. Deglobalization and dedollarization procedures questioned the previous philosophy and world economic leadership. According to the main results of a research, international financial institutions have deficiency of means for the solution of civilization problems. The world banking system, enhancing capital base according to BIS III, is defenseless against a big share in balance of derivatives and off-balance obligations. The post-crisis economy is unstable before the risks of dropping rates by 70% of the world’s economy. The system’s solution to problems of ensuring sustainable development relies on “three whales”: change of the domestic economic policy in the direction of structural reforms for the 4.0 Revolution, ensuring productivity growth, smooth transition to a flexible exchange rate, decrease in the public and corporate debts; transition to cross-border policy without tariff wars; and focus of the world economy in civilization’s problems, quitting a competition for leadership in favor of the multipolar world, orientation to quality of life and SDR as the reserve currency.
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Choudhary, Hanuman Ram, and Mahipal Choudhary. "A Hospital Based Prospective Study to Assess the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Known Population." Asian Journal of Medical Research 8, no. 2 (June 2019): ME06—ME08. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ajmr.2019.8.2.me3.
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Banerjee, Arindam. "A Comparative Financial Ratio Analysis Between Conventional and Islamic Banks in GCC." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 11, no. 4 (December 22, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v11i4.19214.
Анотація:
Banking framework establishes the central mainstay of any economy. Banks functions as monetary conduits between sectors that have abundance reserves and those that are in deficiency. The historical backdrop of banking in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) traces all the way back to 1918 with the foundation of the primary bank in Bahrain. The territorial financial evolution is attributable to oil abundance and loaning business that spotlights on building, land and client advances. Throughout the long term, the financial framework worldwide has advanced in its contributions to suit the changing customer requests. One of the essential determinants of this change came about because of the strict convictions of individuals bringing about the remarkable development of Islamic Banking System. The prevalence of these banks are in nations with critical Muslim populace like Iran, Pakistan and Sudan but not limited to them. Islamic banks work under Sharia standards of hazard sharing and premium preclusion as appeared differently in relation to customary banks that purchase cash-flow to pool assets and offer cash-flow to produce revenue pay or benefit. This paper applies banks' endogenic elements identified with their monetary record and pay explanation and utilizing an aggregate of 24 financial ratios relating to the banks’ performance and seeks to thoroughly analyze the same among customary and Islamic banks. This examination clarifies the design, activity and the board of traditional banks in the GCC combined with the working of Islamic banks. The paper likewise intends to decide the beneficial and proficient banks among the chosen sample. The study incorporates 20 institutions, similarly dispersed among Islamic and customary banks utilizing information between the time of 2014 - 2017. The example is comprehensively ordered dependent on benefit ratios, proficiency ratios, asset indicator ratios and risk ratios. Further sub categorization is done to show up at an aggregate of 24 ratios. An independent T-test is used to determine a substantial ratio between Islamic and conventional banks.
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Uyi Michael, Ojeabulu, Chigbu E. Ezeji, Benedict Ozurumba A., and Kanu Success Ikechi. "Financial Ratios as Predictor of Financial Distress: A Study on Some Select Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria (1991-2014)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 6, no. 3 (2020): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.63.1003.
Анотація:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of financial ratios as a predictor of financial distress in Deposit Money Banks (DMB) in Nigeria. Banks’ deficiency in the period between 1991 and 2011 and a subsequent loss of depositor’s funds first prompted our attention. The instability of the industry felt even today calls for further research to understand the underlying causes of such issues better. Three Nigerian Deposit Money Banks were financially analyzed using data set for the period between 1991 and 2014. The banks were classified as very strong, strong, and weak. For instance, GT Bank was classified as very strong, UBA as strong, and Polaris bank as weak. Data were collected from the banks’ annual financial reports. Other sources were included, such as CBN Annual Reports and NSE Fact Books. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the data set. The model correctly predicted 87.5% of periods in which the banks were expected to experience financial distress and 93.8% of periods in which the banks were supposed to be in good financial state. Out of the five ratios that were used in the study, three turned out to be significant in predicting banks’ financial distress. This research constructed a model of financial ratios to predict difficulty with great success. Thus, stakeholders are advised to go beyond assessing the present status of banks, i.e., their strengths and weaknesses, but to utilize financial ratios in the near future. The study recommends that bank management should focus more on generating more earnings with the assets at their disposal.
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Živčák, M., K. Olšovská, P. Slamka, J. Galambošová, V. Rataj, Shao HB, and M. Brestič. "Application of chlorophyll fluorescence performance indices to assess the wheat photosynthetic functions influenced by nitrogen deficiency." Plant, Soil and Environment 60, No. 5 (May 7, 2014): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/73/2014-pse.
Анотація:
Nitrogen deficiency influences importantly the plant photosynthetic capacity and crop productivity. Here, we employed the rapid, non-invasive measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics for calculation of the integrative fluorescence parameters related to the leaf photosynthetic performance. In pot experiments with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) we cultivated plants during the whole growing period in the soil substrate supplied with four different doses of nitrogen. The leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll content as well as the plant dry mass were analyzed after chlorophyll fluorescence records in three growth stages. Our results indicate that the commonly used parameter F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub> (the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry) was almost insensitive to nitrogen treatment. In contrary, the performance index (PI<sub>abs</sub>) and total performance index (PI<sub>tot</sub>) were much more responsive and significant differences among plants of different nitrogen treatments as well as between the youngest and third leaf from the top were observed. Parameter PI<sub>tot</sub> was shown to express only small diurnal changes, thus being more reliable and more useful for comparison of different samples in field conditions than more frequently used parameter PI<sub>abs</sub>.
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Flora, Rostika, Mohammad Zulkarnain, Nur Alam Fajar, Indah Yuliana, Risnawati Tanjung, Helfi Nolia, Sulaiman Sulaiman, and Aguscik Aguscik. "Saliva Iron Levels to Assess Iron Status in Children." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, E (September 8, 2021): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6770.
Анотація:
BACKGROUND: Iron plays an essential role in the process of neurotransmitter synthesis and neuron myelination. Iron deficiency impacts low cognitive performance, even involved in long-term effects even though iron deficiency has been overcome. Given the impact caused by iron deficiency, it is necessary to monitor the status of iron in the body. Diagnostic tests carried out so far use blood specimens taken with invasive method. This creates fear for the child because of the pain it causes. AIM: This study aims to obtain a non-invasive alternative diagnostic test in detecting iron deficiency in children using saliva as an examination specimen. METHODS: The design of this study was case control, with a sample of elementary school children aged 9–12 years and for women who had not experienced menstruation. The sample consisted of 40 people who were taken randomly and grouped into iron deficiency and normal. Determine the group of iron deficiency and normal was based on the results of an examination of serum iron levels. Next, saliva samples were taken to determine saliva iron levels. The characteristics of the sample data were obtained through a questionnaire, while the measurement of serum iron levels was carried out by the spectrophotometric method, and the measurement of saliva iron levels was carried out by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s test. RESULTS: Based on serum iron measurements, it was found that the mean serum iron levels in children with iron deficiency were lower than normal children (38.153 ± 8.99 q/dL vs. 79.198 ± 14.2219 q/dL), on the contrary, on examination of iron levels, it was found that in children with iron deficiency, saliva iron levels were higher than in normal children (5.745 ± 3.04 q/dL vs. 2,576 ± 1.43 q/dL). The correlation test results showed a significant negative correlation between serum iron levels and moderate iron levels (p = 0.000, r = –0.518). CONCLUSION: Saliva iron levels can be used as an alternative non-invasive diagnostic test to assess children’s iron status.
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Kilborn, Jason J. "Technology and Regulatory Black Holes: Issues in Protecting IP Rights in Insolvency for Both Licensors and Licensees." QUT Law Review 18, no. 2 (February 21, 2019): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/qutlr.v18i2.767.
Анотація:
Australia’s insolvency laws have a curious deficiency: There are virtually no provisions on the treatment of ongoing contracts. Such contracts may well represent some of the most valuable assets of a business debtor, small or large, especially in this new era of rapid technological innovation, where tangible property often pales in value to that inherent in intellectual property. Indeed, IP rights are often the nucleus around which a small business’ vitality revolves. The inability of businesses predictably to rely on, manage, and protect license contracts preserving IP rights is a problem that is sure to become more acute in the coming decades, as both the importance of IP rights and the incidence of business insolvency rise. Experience from across the Pacific portends a potential wave of coming disputes involving such rights in developed economies like Australia’s, potentially hitting small entrepreneurs hard and undermining the effectiveness of insolvency proceedings for these crucial debtors and their creditors. This article reveals a proliferation of disputes concerning IP license rights and several salient challenges confronted by both licensors and licensees, debtors and non-debtors, in domestic and cross-border insolvency proceedings in US insolvency proceedings. The common root of these challenges seems to be legislation that did not foresee the rise of IP licensing as a mainstay of modern entrepreneurship. The simple common solution, and a guide for Australian regulators, is more careful consideration of non-obvious pitfalls in laws that preserve IP license rights in insolvency cases to maximise value not only for the parties involved, but for modern societies who increasingly depend on innovation and entrepreneurship.
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TSITSILIN, A. N., and N. I. KOVALEV. "MEDICINAL PLANT PRODUCTION IN RUSSIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY (CHALLENGES AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS)." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 1 (2021): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2021-1-42-54.
Анотація:
The cultivation of medicinal plants is currently the main way of providing the pharmaceutical industry with raw materials for obtaining biologically active substances for the production of drugs. The use of natural resources of wild species is decreasing every year for a number of reasons, the biotechnological method has not been properly expanded yet, and in some cases it is possible to reproduce only a part of the complex of target biologically active substances contained in an intact plant. In recent years, a positive growth trend has been outlined in the domestic production of medicinal starting materials of herbal origin. However, there are a number of problematic issues that inhibit the development of medicinal plant growing and lead to a certain stagnation. These are general legislative and organizational problems, as well as deterioration or deficiency of material resources – basic production assets, lack of comprehensive mechanization, shortage of qualified specialists and a number of other obstacles. Nevertheless, the actively growing demand for high-quality raw materials from medicinal plant both in our country and abroad opens up great prospects for the development of medicinal plant production. It should be noted that the analysis of the current state of collection and cultivation of medicinal plants in Russia is poorly developed or is practically absent. The paper examines the current state of medicinal plant production; attempts are made to identify the main problems and possible growth points. Finding solutions to the problems and using the growth points show promise for the transformation of medicinal plant production into an industry with a large import substituting and export potential.
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Rohanova, Hanna. "COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS OF THE ENTERPRISE." Economic discourse, no. 3-4 (December 30, 2021): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36742/2410-0919-2021-2-13.
Анотація:
Introduction. Cash flow analysis is a necessary prerequisite for their effective management to accelerate the turnover of assets and capital and ensure financial stability and solvency of the enterprise. Methods. In the process of research general and special methods were used, in particular: dialectical method for determining general approaches to scientific research; analytical and monographic method was used in the review of literature sources; the method of classifications made it possible to differentiate the main indicators of cash flow analysis by analytical groups. Results. Cash flow analysis is an integral part of the process of managing them because, first of all, it allows you to get a qualitative description of the effectiveness of cash flow management. The article defines the algorithm for calculating the coefficients of estimation of cash flows of enterprises. Various relative indicators of cash flow assessment are grouped into 11 clusters - indicators: cash flow structure, cash flow efficiency, cash flow profitability, cash flow adequacy (deficiency), cash flow generation, cash flow liquidity, solvency, cash flow quality, operating activities, uniformity and interconnection. The given relative indicators of the analysis of cash flows allow estimating comprehensively the ability of the enterprise to generate cash flows of a volume sufficient for calculation on monetary obligations. The analysis of cash flows in dynamics allows establishing positive and negative tendencies based on which optimization adjustments in the management of cash flows of the enterprises are accepted. Discussion. Prospects for further research are to identify the impact of effective cash flow management on ensuring the financial stability of the enterprise. Keywords: cash flow, operating activities, financial statements, ratio analysis
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Basci, Erdem, Sidika Basci, and Tahar GHERBY. "Money Growth and Social Stability." Central European Review of Economics and Management 5, no. 4 (December 28, 2021): 96–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.29015/cerem.931.
Анотація:
Aim: Both the Keynesian and the Fisherian channels of sovereign money growth have slowed down significantly in the decade following the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). This, together with the rise of fintech, privately issued unbacked crypto-assets tried to fill this void. These developments have revived the interest on the Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) idea and on potential channels for future sovereign money growth. The aim of this paper is to compare the Keynesian and Fisherian channels of sovereign money growth regarding their impact on wealth distribution and inflation.
Design / Research Methods: To achieve our aim we use a simple Agent Based Model (ABM) to capture heterogeneity. In our model, the agents are heterogeneous consumers with different spending propensities but with equal initial wealth levels and with exactly same non-interest incomes over time.
Conclusions / findings: We show that Keynesian (uniform) money growth channel has a softening effect on the wealth dispersion and thereby, on the downward pressure on money velocity. The model indicates that the inclusive nature of current post-Covid19 recovery plans may have a desirable impact on social stability. Yet, these plans may also be more inflationary in comparison the post-GFC policies.
Originality / value of the article: This paper shows that heterogeneity of economic agents should not be ignored by policy makers and that ABM is a convenient tool to design and analyse monetary and fiscal policies under heterogeneity.
Implications of the research: The implication for policy makers is that the demand deficiency associated with the fall in money velocity and the worsening of wealth dispersion may be softened by a more inclusive money growth regime, potentially with the practical use of CBDCs. Yet the extra inflationary impact of such a regime need to be kept in mind.
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Dahir, Ahmed Mohamed, Fauziah Mahat, Bany-Ariffin Amin Noordin, and Nazrul Hisyam Ab Razak. "Dynamic connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information across BRICS countries." International Journal of Managerial Finance 16, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-03-2019-0117.
Анотація:
Purpose Recent trends and developments in Bitcoin have led to a proliferation of studies that analyzed the Bitcoin returns and volatility; however, the volatility connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information in emerging countries quietly remains scarce. Regarding this deficiency, the purpose of this paper is to examine the dynamic connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information. Design/methodology/approach Daily data from January 1, 2012 to May 31, 2018 are used. The paper applies a novel time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) model extended by Antonakakis and Gabauer (2017). This model addresses the biases in coefficient estimates, considering innovations from sources of time variation. Findings The findings reveal that the volatility transmission of Bitcoin return is not an important source of shocks of market returns in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS), suggesting that Bitcoin return contributes less volatility to equity market information. The results further show that Bitcoin is the main receiver of volatility while market price risk is the dominant transmission catalysts for innovations in the rest of the stock market returns. Practical implications Important implications can be derived from these findings, signaling of the demand to develop and implement volatility connectedness policy measures in order to guarantee the stability of financial assets. However, the most significant limitation lies in the fact that the analysis of this paper is restricted to the volatility connectedness between Bitcoin and equity market information in BRICS countries. Originality/value By acknowledging the wide range of econometric models, the paper uses TVP-VAR model because this methodology is a useful and relevant tool in modeling the volatility connectedness of financial variables, thus providing meaningful information to policy makers and international investors.
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Robinson, Sonia L., Manuel Ramirez-Zea, Ana Victoria Roman, and Eduardo Villamor. "Correlates and family aggregation of vitamin D concentrations in school-aged children and their parents in nine Mesoamerican countries." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 15 (July 24, 2017): 2754–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017001616.
Анотація:
AbstractObjectiveTo determine the associations of sociodemographic characteristics, diet and outdoor activity as an indicator of sun exposure with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in children and their parents from Mesoamerica. We also quantified family aggregation of serum 25(OH)D.DesignCross-sectional study. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were quantified using immunoassay. We compared the distribution of 25(OH)D concentrations in adults and children by levels of each correlate with the use of linear regression. Family aggregation was estimated using Pearson and intraclass correlation coefficients.SettingCapital cities of Guatemala, El Salvador, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Belize, and Tuxtla Gutiérrez in Mexico.SubjectsChildren (n223) aged 7–12 years and 492 parents.ResultsMean (sd) 25(OH)D concentrations in adults and children were 81·3 (21·1) and 79·5 (18·1) nmol/l, respectively. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD; 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l) was 3·9 % among adults and 3·6 % among children. In adults, adjusted mean 25(OH)D concentrations were highest in Nicaragua (P<0·0001). Serum 25(OH)D was positively related to time spent gardening (P=0·03). Among children, 25(OH)D concentrations were positively associated with male sex (P=0·005), dairy intake (P=0·03) and mother’s serum 25(OH)D concentrations (P<0·0001); and inversely associated with mother’s BMI (P=0·02) and number of home assets (P=0·04). Family membership explained 31 % of the variability in 25(OH)D concentrations; aggregation was highest between mothers and children.ConclusionsVDD prevalence was low in this study. Sociodemographic characteristics, diet and outdoor activity predict serum 25(OH)D. Family aggregation of serum 25(OH)D is high between mothers and children.
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Wolff, Kim. "Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin (CDT) as a Biomarker to Assess Drinking in High - Risk Drink Drivers." Advances in Clinical Toxicology 4, no. 3 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/act-16000160.
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Stewart, Mark D., Diana Merino Vega, Rebecca C. Arend, Jonathan F. Baden, Olena Barbash, Nike Beaubier, Grace Collins, et al. "Homologous Recombination Deficiency: Concepts, Definitions, and Assays." Oncologist 27, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oncolo/oyab053.
Анотація:
Abstract Background Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is a phenotype that is characterized by the inability of a cell to effectively repair DNA double-strand breaks using the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. Loss-of-function genes involved in this pathway can sensitize tumors to poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and platinum-based chemotherapy, which target the destruction of cancer cells by working in concert with HRD through synthetic lethality. However, to identify patients with these tumors, it is vital to understand how to best measure homologous repair (HR) status and to characterize the level of alignment in these measurements across different diagnostic platforms. A key current challenge is that there is no standardized method to define, measure, and report HR status using diagnostics in the clinical setting. Methods Friends of Cancer Research convened a consortium of project partners from key healthcare sectors to address concerns about the lack of consistency in the way HRD is defined and methods for measuring HR status. Results This publication provides findings from the group’s discussions that identified opportunities to align the definition of HRD and the parameters that contribute to the determination of HR status. The consortium proposed recommendations and best practices to benefit the broader cancer community. Conclusion Overall, this publication provides additional perspectives for scientist, physician, laboratory, and patient communities to contextualize the definition of HRD and various platforms that are used to measure HRD in tumors.
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Bogatyrev, Konstantin. "Top Management Compensation and Performance in Russian Companies." Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы | ISSN: 2073-0438 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/j.jcfr.2073-0438.10.1.2016.5-22.
Анотація:
Konstantin V. Bogatyrev - Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University.
E-mail: konstantin.bogatyrev@yahoo.com
The top management remuneration policy of public companies counts among the key decisions that shape the financial architecture and the incentive structure for hired executives in such companies. The factors determining the pay of top managers have been a debated topic both for academia and for the public at large for decades. For Russian companies, however, this question has remained largely unstudied.This paper is intended to rectify this deficiency and contributes to the research on top management remuneration policy and the way in which it relates to performance in Russian corporations. Following an overview of the evidence presented in previous studies focusing on other markets, the paper presents a new empirical study of pay and performance using self-collected data on 93 Russian public companies for the five-year period between 2009 and 2013. The data on key management personnel compensation has been collected from the companies' official reports, including annual or financial reports and other stock exchange reports. The data on other financial indicators has been procured from the Bloomberg Professional® database.Using fixed effect models for econometric analysis, we find evidence of a positive relationship between compensation and business performance in Russia, although this is not evident for every performance indicator. Indeed, both short-term and long-term forms of compensation as well as their sum show a positive relationship to return on assets (ROA), and the respective sensitivities of pay to performance are not negligible. However, institutional or state ownership can weaken this sensitivity. The relationship is only evident in companies with no state participation. Whereas 33 state-owned companies in the sample exhibit no significant relationship of top management compensation to corporate performance, the accounting profits and ROA of the remaining 60 (private) companies serve as significant determinants of remuneration levels.
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Ayedun, C. A., O. A. Akinjare, E. Omodo, and R. K. Alimi. "Geographical Information System (GIS) Application to Property Valuation Practices in Port Harcourt Metropolis of Rivers State, Nigeria." Journal of International Cooperation and Development 5, no. 1 (May 5, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jicd-2022-0002.
Анотація:
Technology has in the recent years been vehicle for improving effectiveness and precision by different professions in an attempt to achieving the best practice by these professions. One of such technologies which can employ to aid Estate Surveying and Valuation practice is Geographical Information System (GIS). Valuation of properties including real estate and other assets have often been carried out through the application of manual methods which is often found to be cumbersome and sometimes not producing accurate and reliable results. It is in realization of the inherent deficiency entailed in the application of manual approach in carrying out valuation that this study seeks to investigate the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) to the art of valuation practice in Nigeria using Port Harcourt Metropolis of Rivers State as a case study with a view to ascertaining its inherent benefits to valuation practice. To achieve the aim of the study, questionnaires were administered to seventy-four (74) estate surveying and valuation firms randomly selected in the study area. Presentation and analysis of data was done using mean and relative important index. Finding from the study revealed that estate surveyors and valuer are quite aware of the inherent benefits of the geographical information system (GIS) to property valuation, but only very few of the Estate Surveying and Valuation firms make use of it in their valuation practice. The study further revealed that majority of the Estate Surveying and Valuation firms were willing to adopt its use if only they could gain better understanding of its application to valuation practice as its application is bound to having positive effect on the practice of Estate Surveying and Valuation profession. Based on the findings, the study recommends that training should be held to equip estate surveyors and valuers with the required skills for the application of geographical information system (GIS) since empirical research has shown that it has potential of enhancing valuation practices.
Received: 14 December 2021 / Accepted: 20 March 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
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Maryam Yaqoob Khan, S. Khurram Khan Alwi. "EVALUATING TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION ON INTEGRATING ICT IN TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS." Pakistan Journal of Educational Research 1, no. 1 (June 29, 2018): 26–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52337/pjer.v1i1.4.
Анотація:
Fast development and change in ICT have prompted the dispersion of innovation in teaching instructions. The motivation behind this assessment is to explore teachers’ recognition in incorporating ICT in their educating-learning process. The assessment questions focused to estimating teachers' product use and other instructional devices and materials, inclinations for proficient improvement on data assembling and support, factors that empower instructors' use of innovation, teachers' view of self-adequacy and obstructions that instructors focused upon in the middle of innovation usage in instructing learning process. A populace of 25 instructors at DHA School took part in this overview. The outcome on equipment and programming use demonstrates that lion's share of instructors in the school can't utilize equipment in showing learning process due to primarily deficiency of assets. Teachers who can't utilize ICT as instructional apparatus are 76 percent higher than the individuals who can utilize it. This demonstrates most educators in the school are not incorporating ICT in the course they instruct. In respect of the data and bolster administrations, there is no equivalent help benefit from the specialized help units. DHA School is found as poor by most of the teachers in preparing ICT trainings. The factors that encourage technology are considered highly important to apply ICT in teaching-learning process. Even though, the school teachers have strong positive perception for using ICT in teaching-learning process. Teachers’ perception toward ICT usage to increase quality of curriculum and their eventual productiveness is found as significant. This indicates that the teachers realize the productivity in integrating ICT in their professional approach. However, majority of the teachers pointed out that one of the barriers to technology implementation is lack of teachers’ technical knowledge and shortage of resources. This shows that equipping the school with ICT related apparatus is not enough for attaining educational modification. Hence, the school should critically focus on teachers’ abilities for integrating ICT in whole curriculum to make each subject’s lesson interactive and easily understandable by their students.
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Wordeman, Samuel C., Mark V. Paterno, Carmen E. Quatman, Nathaniel A. Bates, and Timothy E. Hewett. "Arthrometric curve-shape variables to assess anterior cruciate ligament deficiency." Clinical Biomechanics 27, no. 8 (October 2012): 830–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2012.04.011.
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Kim, Lina. "Special Medical Issues and Considerations for Women’s Football Players." Annals of Sports Science and Exercise Medicine 1, no. 1 (August 2023): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.61419/assem.2023.1.1.32.
Анотація:
Football is a sports that the most attention and love from many countries and people regardless of gender around the world. Recently, FIFA (Fédération internationale de football association) has been actively helping female football players around the world with economic and technical support. In addition, FIFA has been making great efforts to revitalize the women's league. In this article, the medical issues that should be considered and examined by team doctors and medical teams and what problems should be particularly concerned in female football players will be divided into three categories to be gone through: sports injury, RED-s(relative energy deficiency in sports) and gender verification. First of all, it is known that the overall percentage of injury for female football players is lower than that of male players, however the rate of serious damage is higher in female football players due to the more frequent the knee anterior cruciate ligament injury and traumatic brain injury. It is important to know that RED-s starts with low energy availability as it progresses it can be a serious problem that deteriorates the health and performance of individual athletes. The issue of gender verification is needed to determine whether this player can participate in the women's competition, and it should be check whether this violates the spirit of fair play.
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Devi NR, Mrs Monika. "A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Adolescent Girls about iron Insufficiency and Anemia." Feb-Mar 2023, no. 32 (February 17, 2023): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jnrpsp.32.11.20.
Анотація:
Introduction: Deficiency of red cells in blood leads to making insufficient to reach physiological needs that varied regarding variability of a person's age. Iron deficiency is recognised as the most common factor of anemia that affected physical functionality of human beings. Need of this study: Anaemia patient’s number is ranging from 80 to 90 per cent of adolescent girls, pregnant women and preschool children. More than ⅕ of the world population is suffering from anemia and 5 million are located in well-developed countries. Research Methodology: Methodology is conducted through "Quasi-experimental method, Research design is a “one group post-test design" that is subjected to manipulation and evaluation of experimental variables. Structured Questionnaires specify development tools of research about awareness about anemia and iron deficiency for adolescent girls. sampling technique in this research process includes collecting data and information from adolescent girls of Hoshiarpur, 12 to 18 age group and time of data collection. Sampling technique is concerned to assess ability to speak and understand English by those girls by asking questions to assess awareness of adolescent girls. Results: Approximately 85.1 % of students' fathers are educated and mothers are not educated enough. 12.8% of students' parents are employed and well educated. Above 62.9% of students belongs to the nuclear family and 76% of students has comes from a middle-class family. Considering the study, nearly 21% are underweight and approximately 9% of students are overweight. Conclusion: This research has revealed a huge range of prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency among adolescent girls. Lack of intervention and increased of nutritional challenges lead to increased health consequences regarding anaemia and iron deficiency.