Дисертації з теми "Defense Balance"
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Jun, Janice. "THE OFFENSE-DEFENSE BALANCE IN IMMUNITY." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1467997330.
Повний текст джерелаHeckman, Melanie L. "A test of optimal defense theory vs. the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis as predictors of seaweed palatability and defenses." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42720.
Повний текст джерелаMalone, Patrick J. "Offense-defense balance in cyberspace: a proposed model." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27863.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Feng. "Defense of Endothelial Cells Against Tumor Cell Adhesion-Crucial Role of Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite Balance." View abstract, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3293013.
Повний текст джерелаNackley, Brittany B. "Temporal Dynamics of the Defense Cascade." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99987.
Повний текст джерелаM.S.
The more we understand about how people’s bodies and their energies act when they feel threatened, the better we can find help for folks who struggle with anxiety, trauma or other challenging conditions. This research uses a theoretical model called the defense cascade to explore how people respond mentally and physically to threatening situations. Nineteen undergraduates went through a virtual reality (VR) experience that was designed to feel threatening while their body and its energy systems were measured. A scale was introduced called the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) and was used to help the researchers understand how distressed people felt while they were in the VR experience. Averaged SUDS reports suggested that the VR stimulus was experienced as threatening for most participants, but their body response patterns did not fit those predicted by the defense cascade. Participants whose questionnaire responses suggested they were not anxiety-prone or traumatized, tended to show bodily activation that uncoupled their two autonomic bodily systems during a baseline period before the threatening stimulus. However, their autonomic responses during the stimulus period varied. Nearly all participants showed either both autonomic systems acting together or only one system acting in a mutually exclusive way to the other system during the stimulus period. This was the case for most participants except those reporting the most trauma involving dissociative experiences. This latter group mostly showed uncoupled autonomic bodily patterns.
Lee, Chung-Min. "The emerging strategic balance in Northeast Asia : implications for Korea's defense strategy and planning for the 1990s /." Seoul (South Korea) : Research center for peace and unification of Korea, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35531134c.
Повний текст джерелаHight, Robert Frank Jr. "Reshaping the sword and chrysanthemum: regional implications of expanding the mission of the Japan Self Defense Forces." Thesis, Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2272.
Повний текст джерелаSince taking office in 2001, Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi has pressed for greater expansion to the mission of the Japan Self Defense Force (JSDF), first by endorsing deployments in support of counter-terrorism operations in the Indian Ocean, and eventually the domestically unpopular decision to deploy to Iraq. Recently, an update to the 1996 National Defense Program Outline was published that accelerated the shift in the mission of the JSDF away from a pure self-defense force capable of operating with the United States in defense of Japan's sovereignty to that of an internationally recognized force capable of conducting operations in varying environments throughout the globe. Japan's accelerated military involvement in world affairs has provoked concerns among neighbors, whose perceptions are often quite different from those of the United States or Japan. Japan's legacy of militarism has created resistance to change among regional partners. In order for changes to succeed without upsetting the regional balance of power, Japan must improve not only the capability, but also the international trust and standing of the JSDF. This thesis provides information to allow policy makers to better understand the challenges that the Government of Japan faces in response to changes in security strategy.
Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy
Dewan, Jay P. "How will the Indian MIlitary's upgrade and modernization of its ISR, precision strike, and missile defense affect the stability in South Asia /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Mar%5FDewan.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWilson, Jacob J. "Conventional Military Modernization in China and India: A Comparative Historical Analysis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1627662871990976.
Повний текст джерелаAlarcón, Canchari Alan Carlos. "La Función Garantista del Equilibrio Económico Financiero en el Contrato de Obra Pública." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118865.
Повний текст джерелаEl presente artículo tiene como propósito explicar, dentro de un escenario de variación inesperada de los costos de una obra de infraestructura, cómo ha sido la defensa legal del Estado contra las pretensiones económicas que se han esbozado, para seguidamente analizar cómo es que estas pretensiones, lejos de constituirse en necesariamente un eventual perjuicio para el Estado, finalmente y dependiendo de la casuística, terminan siendo necesarias para la consecución de intereses públicos.
Jacobsson, Josefine, Stephan Oesterbeck, and Florence Schelling. "Ambidexterity and Decision Making : Managing the balance of exploitation and exploration in the context of lengthy product development cycles and product longevity." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148932.
Повний текст джерелаGuimarães, Márcio Azevedo. "A política de defesa do Brasil e o Conselho de Defesa Sul-Americano." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72752.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to understand the process of creation of the South American Defense Council proposed by Brazil and its relationship with the Brazilian Defense Policy institutionalization as a relevant phenomena in terms of forward steps towards a security cooperation regime in South America. Hence, a study focused on the balance of military capabilities has been made aiming at revealing the need to deepen the defense regional cooperation.
Gelato, Cynthia. "L'équilibre procédural lors de la phase préparatoire du procès pénal." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/191217_GELATO_925hyq243gdx875yuazp213sdbw_TH.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBalance is a central notion in the French concept of criminal procedure. However, any legal definition exists about it. It is a common-sense word that the law uses to get the searching of equality across. Therefore, this notion depicts a situation between two equal and opposed forces of which results an idle state. Yet, balance cannot be defined through mathematical function f, which is a constant that doesn’t know any influence from the variable (x). To be constant and to get some balance, the function f must not be affected by any variable. Balance among criminal procedure is the only one to be respected insofar as it corresponds to a balance of the society maintained by the law. The latter is trying to eliminate the variations of which procedure could be a victim through the violation of the rules protected by criminal law and which are created for the purpose of maintain balance. Hence, by considering its mathematical definition, balance can exist in criminal procedure and not within it. Nonetheless, a solution can be considered: without enabling to achieve a balance, it permits getting closer thanks to the notion of equity. Equity can be defined as a variable function, which, without obtain a fulcrum, can approach it, by treating either two forces in the same way, or treating unevenly two unequal situations. Thus, it gives the possibility for the law to adjust well to the facts. It will thereby solve the imbalance but for creating balance. Then, it leads to the phrase of the European Convention on Human Rights which is the “fair balance”. If the balance between the parties is an impossible search, equity offers a favourable remedythe European Convention on Human Rights which is the “fair balance”. If the balance between the parties is an impossible search, equity offers a favourable remedy
Gill, Katherine M. "Trading : the delivery of a balanced defence capability." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535179.
Повний текст джерелаSILVA, CLAUMIR SARZEDA DA. "PHEMT BALANCED PARAMETRIC FREQUENCY DIVIDER BY TWO FOR ELECTRONIC DEFENSE RECEIVERS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15236@1.
Повний текст джерелаEste trabalho aborda o desenvolvimento de divisores de freqüência por dois paramétricos balanceados a PHEMT, tendo, como motivação, seu emprego como conversores de freqüência em receptores digitais de Defesa Eletrônica. Estes dispositivos têm como características importantes a simplicidade de projeto, um número reduzido de componentes, a possibilidade de integração em circuitos monolíticos de microondas (MMIC), coerência de fase, banda de operação larga, resposta a sinal pulsado muito boa, supressão de harmônicos boa, insensibilidade a variações térmicas e ruído de fase baixo. Uma metodologia de projeto passo a passo é proposta, norteada pela obtenção de dispositivos com ganho máximo (ou perdas mínimas) e banda de operação maximizada. Duas configurações de circuito são consideradas: com ressoadores em paralelo (linhas acopladas) e em série. A caracterização dos divisores é realizada por meio de simulação e experimentalmente. Por fim, uma análise comparativa com a literatura disponível é apresentada, mostrando que alguns dos circuitos desenvolvidos e realizados alcançaram melhor desempenho.
This work assesses the development of PHEMT balanced parametric frequency dividers by two, intended for application as frequency converters on Electronic Defense digital receivers. The main characteristics of these devices are design simplicity, reduced number of components, possibility of integration in MMIC, phase coherence, wide bandwidth, very good pulse response, good harmonic suppression, insensitivity to thermal variations and low phase noise. A step-by-step design methodology is proposed, guide by maximum gain (or minimum loss) and maximized band device requirements. Two circuit topologies are considered: with either parallel (coupled lines) or series resonators. The characterization of the dividers is performed both through simulation and experimentally. Finally, a comparative analysis against literature results is presented, evidencing that some of the developed circuits achieve better performance.
Lebas, Colomban. "La dialectique ambiguë de la puissance, à l’heure d’une transition majeure du système international." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020029.
Повний текст джерелаThe concept of power is involved in strong mutations, not only because of globalisation but also because of the appearance of influential transnational actors, which are able to shape states behaviour. The media's pervasiveness, added to the progressive advent of an informed and educated global public opinion, strengthens the role of ideas in the conduct of world affairs. On a planet where assets and vulnerabilities are redistributed, and where new key political divides operate - and also where unprecedented network dynamics are acting, especially into cyberspace - how power dialectic is reshaping itself, in relation to geographical space, macroregional structures and transnational actors ? In order to answer those questions, we will first study power conceptualisations and their evolutions, then we will examine the new modalities and environments of power deployment, historical constraints over power exercise, and, lastly, we will try to discover the new faces offered by international influence, letting us catch a glimpse of a sort of “beyond the power”, which interpretation would tend to reshape most of the classical concepts of international theory. Particular attention will be paid to the ties between geography and international theory and to the enlightenment that geography and sociology tools could offer in order to study the new planetary configuration. At last, conclusions about the French case will be deduced from our scientific analysis and, more generally, concerning world transformations
Harding, Amanda Leigh. "The balanced theory a desert based approach to tort law /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
Знайти повний текст джерелаOcampo, Xyrone R. "An examination of the Defense Financial Improvement and Audit Readiness Plan using a balanced scorecard." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5669.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis analyzes the Defense (DoD) Financial Improvement and Audit Readiness (FIAR) Plan using the Balanced Scorecard. Using Niven's methodology of applying the Balanced Scorecard to the nonprofit and government sectors, the purpose of the thesis is to determine if the Balanced Scorecard can assist in execution of the FIAR Strategy to achieve the goal of asserting financial audit readiness by 30 September 2017. The analysis produced a Strategy Map and Balanced Scorecard, which translated the FIAR Strategy into practical objectives, performance measures, targets and initiatives. The thesis revealed that the Balanced Scorecard can be used to assist in FIAR Strategy execution, including recommendations provided to DoD leadership on ways to improve the FIAR Plan.
Li, Mandy Man-Lai. "Valuation of off-balance-sheet items: The case of in-substance defeased debt." Thesis, Li, Mandy Man-Lai (1998) Valuation of off-balance-sheet items: The case of in-substance defeased debt. Professional Doctorate thesis, Murdoch University, 1998. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/52651/.
Повний текст джерелаBergstedt, Malin. "Sales and Operations Planning Framework : How to balance demand and supply for a project-oriented and complex organization operating inthe aerospace and defence industry." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Produktionsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-156501.
Повний текст джерелаChristensson, Claes. "En nyans av balansering i hotbalansteorin." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9237.
Повний текст джерелаBelluci, Marcelo de Oliveira. "Da aplicação do código de defesa do consumidor aos contratos de seguro e a quebra do equilíbrio econômico-financeiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-08092011-082514/.
Повний текст джерелаThis essay aims at analyzing the Brazilian Consumer Code from the standpoint of the extension to which it is applicable to insurance contracts, as well as the cases in which applying the Brazilian Consumer Code to the aforementioned contracts could harm their economic-financial balance, consequently making them economically unviable. For such purposes, insurance is specifically dealt with in the first chapter in relation to its concept and to the three principles which serve as basic characteristics of this type of contract: mutuality, probability calculus and both selection and risk management. Following that, the Brazilian Consumer Code is examined with respect to its applicability, mainly in connection with limitation of liability clauses and certain technical clauses which constitute the foundation of insurance contracts. The possibility of applying the Brazilian Consumer Code to insurance contracts, however, faces certain limits which are necessary for the viability of the contract. In other words: once certain regulatory lines are crossed, applying the Brazilian Consumer Code to insurance contracts may turn the remedy into poison. For that reason, in the third chapter the essay turns to situations where the Brazilian Consumer Code is applied without proper legal justification, the economic-financial balance of the contract, grounds for when such balance is harmed, as well as harmonization of the conflicting interests at stake. Given the variables which bring unbalance to the insurance contract, the essay suggests the possibility of either establishing said balance once more or revising/terminating the contract. Subsequently this essay outlines how this approach is far from creating privileges for insurance companies, but rather preserves interests that go beyond the mere contractual relationship, such as legal certainty, free commerce and proportionality. Grounds for such thesis include thorough studies related to both general and specific norms which govern insurance, as well as the opinions of legal commentators, case law and expert reports attached to lawsuits. We do not expect to bring the discussion to and end with this essay though. Quite the opposite: we wish to shed light on a topic which is currently subject to heated legal debate and to a certain extent to contribute to the discussion accordingly.
Aleksa, Karolis. "The Impact of the US Military Transformation on Russian and Chinese Security Policy." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20121211_095626-96389.
Повний текст джерелаPo Šaltojo karo JAV išliko stipriausia kariniu požiūriu valstybė, tačiau, nepaisant to, JAV buvo itin susirūpinusi savo karinio pranašumo išlaikymu ateityje, kuris leistų užtikrinti tolesnę JAV lyderystę sprendžiant svarbiausius tarptautinius klausimus. JAV karinio pranašumo išlaikymo priemonėmis po Šaltojo karo tapo trys karinės JAV tranformacijos iniciatyvos: konvencinių pajėgų transformacija, priešraketinių gynybos sistemų ir ilgo nuotolio tikslaus konvencinio smūgio pajėgumų kūrimas. Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad Rusijai ir Kinijai – oponuojančioms JAV valstybėms, JAV karinė transformacija tapo dideliu iššūkiu, disertacijoje tyrimo problema apibrėžta kaip siekis suprasti, ar ir kaip JAV karinė transformacija kelia grėsmę Rusijos ir Kinijos saugumui, ir kaip tai veikia Rusijos ir Kinijos saugumo politiką JAV atžvilgiu. Atitinkamai darbo tikslas buvo ištirti JAV karinės transformacijos poveikį Rusijos ir Kinijos saugumo politikai nuo Šaltojo karo pabaigos iki 2010 m. Puolimo-gynybos balanso teorija buvo pasirinkta kaip disertacijos tyrimo teorinė ir analitinė prieiga. Disertacijos tyrimas parodė, kad, nepaisant įgyto konvencinio puolimo pranašumo ir realios galimybės siekti branduolinio puolimo pranašumo, JAV nevykdė agresyvios saugumo politikos Rusijos ir Kinijos atžvilgiu. Rusija ir Kinija jautriai reagavo į JAV karinę transformaciją, stengdamosi įgyti konvencinį puolimo pranašumą, išsaugoti branduolinį puolimo-gynybos balansą, o taip pat užkirsti kelią JAV susikurti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Perkovich, Cynthia L. "Responses of oaks to mammal and insect herbivory." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1619098714170774.
Повний текст джерелаMieželytė, Renata. "Asmens neturtinių teisių apsaugos plėtimąsi lemiantys veiksniai ir problematika." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090122_134828-35518.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, it is a tendency in European countries to widen the scope of protection of personality rights. In some countries, such as Germany, Austria, Netherlands, the traditional models of legal regulations, which restrict a possibility to invoke certain means of civil protection regarding the cases of infringement of personality rights are repudiated. The scope of application of non-pecuniary damage as a means of civil defense is being developed. European Court of Human Rights case-law, national court case-law and legislative authority – all have a great influence on developing a list of personality rights which is closely related not to physical, but to interior and psychological parameters of individual. The widening scope of protection of personality rights the main problem rise in competing in between with the rights themselves – how to find a fair balance between the equivalent rights which are ordained on the constitutional and international level in order to guarantee the effective protection of the personality rights. The aim of the analysis is to characterize and analyze the main factors in more detail, which determine the scope and dynamics in the protection of personality rights, and to emphasize the problems of the protection of personality rights. In the first part of the master thesis the author analyses the conception of personality rights, discusses the main state protected values, and the means of how to defense them as well as the possibility to prevent... [to full text]
Dejean, de la Bâtie Alice. "Les faits justificatifs spéciaux." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020026.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, special justifications have been defined as objective defenses assigned to one or very fewspecific crimes, and provided for – unless they are judge-made – by legal texts centered on their justificatory function. The attempt to construct an accurate definition and a coherent regime was complicated by the conceptual fragmentation and normative entanglement of contemporary French criminal law. Not only are special justifications very subtle mechanisms in the broad scheme of criminalliability, but they do not have, to guarantee their conceptual integrity, the shelter of a dedicated institution or core legal principle. Consequently, special justifications have been carried along by the steady stream of political change, current events, institutional reform and European ambitions. The study of special justifications allows us to reconsider jurisprudential debates regarding judicial (re)definition of crimes under the influence of the European Court of Human Rights. It also gives a new perspective on thewell-documented phenomenon of the “corruption” of criminal law caused by its instrumentalization. In a phenomenon some academics call “disciplinary” criminal law, other legal branches make use of criminallaw’s symbolic strength. In these respects, the subtlety of special justifications exposes the immodesty of judges and legislators with respect to their ambitions for criminal law
Ferrandiz-Rovira, Mariona. "The role of the major histocompatibility complex in the wild : the case of the Alpine marmot (Marmota marmota)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10089/document.
Повний текст джерелаIntra-specific genetic diversity represents the true potential of adaptation of species and is thus essential for evolutionary change. In vertebrates, the genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) play a critical role in vertebrate disease resistance by initiating immune response. The selective pressure carried out by parasites and sexual selection via mate choice are supposed to maintain the extreme diversity found in the MHC. Yet, empirical differentiation of selective pressures acting on MHC in the wild requires individually based monitoring of a large number of individuals and genotyping them. The aim of this thesis was firstly to develop and apply a genotyping protocol in Alpine marmots (Marmota marmota) to genotype four previously described MHC loci. This allows subsequently to evaluate, in a wild population of Alpine marmots, if MHC characteristics play a role (1) on mate choice, (2) on the presence and/or abundance of three intestinal parasite species and (3) on juvenile survival. This work provided a suitable method to reliably genotype large number of individuals using next-generation sequencing techniques. Then, we found evidences for female mate choice based on MHC but also on neutral genetic characteristics. Subsequently, we evidenced the weak role of MHC characteristics on the presence and abundance of three intestinal parasites. Finally, we found evidences for a change of the effect of genetic diversity at both MHC and neutral loci on juvenile survival during the 23-year monitoring study. Overall, this thesis comprises an integrated approach for the study of the roles of MHC in a contemporaneous population of Alpine marmots
Metenier, Julian. "La protection pénale de l'accusé." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1065.
Повний текст джерелаThe theme of the criminal protection of the accused, well-known to criminal specialists, today deserves to be renewed under a probationary essentially angle, in the light of current developments in the criminal trial. Located at the confluence of innocence and guilt, the rights and guarantees granted to the accused understood in its conventional sense, must be analyzed in consideration of the founding principles of presumption of innocence and the rights of the defense. The continuing evolution of these two principles, in a sense diametrically opposite, inevitably reflects the intensity and the terms of the protection afforded any person suspected or prosecuted under criminal proceedings.This study deliberately limited to the pre-trial phase, proposes to understand, in a practical and technical problems, the various case law and legislative developments carried out in the field. Will thus addressed the key issues currently faced in criminal proceedings such as the question of the legal status of the suspect or the effectiveness of the adversarial principle in the preliminary criminal trial. While it may be tempting, at first, to conclude an indisputable strengthening the criminal protection afforded to the accused, then it will be necessary to reconsider this issue in terms of the study of procedural limitations attached to the criminal trial. Far from addressing this issue in a partisan way, it will be about moderation in the remarks. Indeed, perhaps more than any other issue of criminal procedure, it is imperative to keep a sense of proportion
Aghaie, Joobani Hossein. "Meta-Geopolitics of Central Asia : A Comparative Study of the Regional Influence of the European Union and the Shanghai Co-operation Organization." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100397.
Повний текст джерелаHo, Chengjung, and 何承融. "A Study of Japan Self-Defense Forces: Perspective of Balance of Power." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11299396223831298767.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Wei. "Balance Between Plant Growth and Defense: Transcriptional and Translational Control of Plant Immune System." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/6155.
Повний текст джерелаThe activation and maintenance of plant immune responses require a significant amount of energy because they are accompanied by massive transcriptional reprogramming. Spurious activation of plant defense machinery can lead to autoimmune diseases and growth inhibition. So it is important for plants to tightly regulate the immune system to ensure the balance between growth and defense. However, neither the molecular mechanisms nor the design principles of how plants reach this balance are understood.
In this dissertation work, I showed how transcriptional and translational control of plant immune system can help avoid the constant immune surveillance and elicit a proper level of defense responses when necessary. These fine tunings of the immune system ensure the balance between growth and defense.
My research on the transcriptional regulation of plant defense responses led to the surprising discovery that even without pathogen, plant can 'anticipate' potential infection according to a circadian schedule under conditions that favor the initiation of infection. Functional analysis of 22 novel immune components unveiled their transient expression at dawn, when the infection is most likely to happen. This pulse expression pattern was shown to be regulated by the central circadian oscillator, CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) since these 22 genes are no longer induced in the cca1 mutant. Moreover, the temporal control of the transcription level of these 22 immune genes by CCA1 also fine tunes their expression pattern according to the perceptions of different pathogenic signals. At the basal defense level, the expression of these genes can be transiently induced upon perceptions of critical infection stages of the pathogen. When an elevated level of defense response is needed, the high expression levels of these genes are maintained to confer a stronger immunity against pathogen. Since this stronger form of defense may also cause the suicidal death of the plant cells, the interplay between the circadian clock and defense allows a better decision on the proper level of the immunity to minimize the sacrificial death. The circadian clock is also known to regulate the growth-related cellular functions extensively. So the circadian clock can help to balance the energy used in growth and defense through transcriptional regulation on both sides.
Besides the integrated control by the circadian clock, the translational control on a key transcription factor involved in the growth-to-defense transition can also maintain the balance between growth and defense.TBF1 is a major transcription factor that can initiate the growth-to-defense transition through transcriptional repression of growth-associated cellular functions and induction of defense-related machinery. Bioinformatics studies identified 2 upstream open reading frames (uORFs) encoding multiple phenylalanine at 5' of the translation initiation codon of TBF1. Under normal conditions, these 2 uORFs can repress the translation of TBF1 to prevent accidental activation. However, pathogen infection may cause rapid and transient depletion of phenylalanine, a well-known precursor for cell wall components and the SAR signal SA. This depletion signal can be reflected by the increase of uncharged tRNAPhe, which subsequently leads to the phosphorylation of eIF2á and the release of uORFs' repression on TBF1. These findings provided the molecular details of how uORF-based translational control can couple transcriptional reprogramming with metabolic status to coordinately trigger the growth-to-defense transition.
In summary, my dissertation work has identified previously unrecognized regulatory mechanisms by which plant immune responses are balanced with growth. These new findings will further investigations into these novel interfaces between plants and pathogens. Future studies will definitely further improve our understandings of the plant-microbe interactions.
Dissertation
Lin, Lien-Hua, and 林聯華. "The Effect of Different Knee Angles in Basketball Defense Position’s Balance and Moving Ability." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15177148717142852156.
Повний текст джерела國立體育學院
教練研究所
93
Abstract In the basketball competitions, when players defense, they are always being defense position all the time. The purpose of this research is to determine the best knee angle of basketball defense position, whether in the static body balance ability or in the dynamic body moving time. The subjects in this study were 12 male(17±0.2 years). In the experiment, we used AMTI force plate system to receive the static radius of body’s center of gravity and the dynamic moving time. The results of this study were summarized as followed: the static radiuses of body’s center of gravity at 120 degree were minimum. The radiuses were to be significantly lesser (p<.05) than the radiuses at other knee angles(t=2.850,p=.036); Dynamic moving time: it was the shortness moving time at 120 degree significantly to the other knee angles(t=3.909,p=.011). The conclusion was that when knee angles at120 degree had the best body balance ability and moved body quickly in doing basketball defense position.
Chung, Chin-Jung, and 鍾志榮. "Applying of the Balanced Scorecard System to a National Defense Hospital." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51233967484095910374.
Повний текст джерела國防管理學院
資源管理研究所
90
Abstract National Military Hospitals have been facing unprecedented competition since they joined the national heath program on the first day of February 2001. In order to maintain their competitive abilities, it is an important issue for military hospitals on applying medical resource and increasing it effectiveness. This study adopts the idea of “Balanced Scorecard ” in case study. Through interviewing and collecting data from literature related to effectiveness of hospitals, the study develops a strategic standard of effectiveness in which is appropriated for medical organizations. Furthermore, this study also develops questionnaire through ANOVA and Scheffe test and other statistics methods to analyze the results. The finding shows the subject’s (hospital) driven forces of its critical effectiveness can be induced in to five elements: innovation, financial management, internal business process, public relation, and customer service; and also 27 measurements. Additionally, it also develops 4 hypotheses. The results are as following: (1) Sex, position, seniority, and education level of the subject’s personnel have obvious difference among the strategic standard of effectiveness. The managerial people show not much more paying attention to those five elements than those are not; rookies are not much more innovative than veterans. (2) The differences of the strategic stander of effectiveness among positions and departments are obvious. The satisfactory level of managerial people toward financial management and internal process are higher than those of medical people; also, those people serve in the managerial department show higher satisfaction to innovation and other elements than those in medical and technique. From the research, it is important that the hospital should bring in the newer business idea in management and practices, from which develops a set of system fits to its vision and practical management system. The goals are: adjusting its managerial strategy, servicing its customers, setting high quality targets, reducing its cost, bringing in innovation and technique, strengthening its competitive ability, and other high effective, high quality as well as high customs satisfaction, etc. Moreover, other improvements should also be done such as training educating, recruiting people in order to achieve is task. Key Words: Balanced Scorecard, National Military Hospital, Strategic Management Structure, and Case Study
Ben, Li-Wen, and 邊立文. "An Application of Balanced Scorecard to the National Defense Performance Measures." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33443130758150016587.
Повний текст джерела國防管理學院
資源管理研究所
93
The government agencies make use of the traditional performance management system, mostly with finance investigate for lord and the control function that emphasize the budget, incline toward the self-criticism of the after the event, pay attention to the legitimacy of the budget and strictly administration provision, neglect the budget cost economical use and the resource efficiency. The results of information, make the organizational strategy and actions lacked of the valid linkage, can't show the government administration abilities and results, also. Kaplan and Norton developed "The Balanced Scorecard, BSC" in 1992, overcome the restriction of traditional management and measures with the no financial indexes. These years, the governments and nonprofit organizations duct into using the BSC. This research accounts the theories structure of BSC, and deliberates the influences of organizational performances(budget, organizational culture ,innovation, organizational learning ,and knowledge management), and relates research of the organization usage experience( The UK Ministry of Defense, and The US Department of Defense), sets out the administration policy of ROC Ministry of National Defense, considering the services and the administration results that the organization provides, whether with people's benefits and expectations, also deliberates the queries of ROC Legislative Yuan. The results classify the national defense performance measures into four factories, 26 indexes total. According the descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA, canonical analysis to construct the national defense BSC, and provide the management decision.
Tymchuk, Halyna. "NATO a evropská bezpečnost na východě: Dopad ukrajinsko-ruského konfliktu na NATO doktrínu a strategii Ukrajiny." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434693.
Повний текст джерелаchi-chenz, Mao, and 毛吉成. "A Study on Strategy Performance Measurement of National Defense Procurement Organization:the Viewpoint of Balanced Scorecard." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46419708775044967992.
Повний текст джерела國防管理學院
國防財務資源研究所
91
The concerns over national procurement affairs have attracted the Congress as well as the people, since whether the task can be implemented in an effective way relates to the performance of military buildups and readiness. This moves the military professional to continuously improve the procurement mechanism. As such, this study aims to explore the future development direction for the national defense procurement organization, based on the Balanced Scorecard(BSC) framework. For this purpose, I develop a questionnaire with five investigation constructs which takes military procurement characteristics into consideration. Using a sample of 156 subjects, this research reaches the following major results. First, in terms of satisfaction, the status quo for all the observed indicators or facets can be further improved. Second, in degree of importance terms, ‘customer’ construct is pointed out to be the most important for future development of the procurement organization and ‘authorization’ the least. Third, the hardest in BSC application is to set up a solid and sound cost-effectiveness evaluation model in the area of defense procurement. Finally, my findings based on multiple regression analyses lend support to the notion that non-financial factors are leading indicators of financial ones.
Jou, Chuarn-Chen (Gerald), and 周傳震. "The Application of the Balanced Scorecard System to a National Defense Research & Development Institute." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59188066046720263595.
Повний текст джерела國防管理學院
資源管理研究所
88
By conducting a case study, this research examines the application of the balanced scorecard system (BSC) to a National Defense R&D Institute. The findings are: 1. The BSC can be successfully implemented in a nonprofit governmental R&D agency. 2.Support from all levels of management is vital to BSC success. And, the R&D institute must follow a clear and concise method of using the BSC system. But for a long-term strategy purpose, the BSC must link career development and human resource management. If a link exists between these, it will lead to employee trust and support of BSC system. 3. In order to implement the BSC to governmental agencies successfully, the reward system must extend non-financial rewards. 4. Performance measurement must be adjusted to follow outside influences such as market fluctuations, political climates and consumer demand, etc. And, performance of different departments must be measured separately according to their different functions within the integrated strategy. But each scorecard measurement must exist not only for administrative management control, but must also indicate how future success can be attained. 5. We also found that three improvements were closely related to administrative control and not necessarily for long-term future success. So, we suggest our case and a government agency using the BSC must align with and stay focused on implementing the organization’s long-term strategy, Otherwise BSC will to become just an administrative management fair tool.
Lai, Chiao-Min, and 賴巧敏. "A Different Defensive Stance Comparison on Posture Balance Ability for Elite Judo Athlete." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97209793941829766806.
Повний текст джерела國立體育大學
競技與教練科學研究所
101
Using compliant techniques to overcome brute force is the essence of judo. One of the spectacles about this sport is in the magnificent tachi-waza (standing techniques), stressing highly on adequate adaptions of mechanics into combat skills in order to maintain balance of defensive posture, and to break the balance of the opponent. As such, we conduct this biomechanic experiment utilizing three-dimensional motion capture and analysis technology and tri-axial force plates, to investigate the change in the defensive postures to maintain balance when struck by an external force, done on 20 male international-level judo fighters. We investigate both the dominant and non-dominant versions of the posture, and analyze the total, peak lateral and frontal displacements, peak velocities, angular displacements, peak angular velocities and the timing of peak velocities of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip knee and ankle joints, and center of pressure (COP) total displacement. Dependent T-test was used to examine for differences, and Pearson product-moment correlation was conducted to investigate the correlation on kinematic parameters and COP movement across phases. Results: 1. Differences of lateral and frontal total displacements are not significant between dominant side and non-dominant side of defensive posture. But for the combined total displacements, the shoulder and hip joints of the non-dominant posture appears to show anticipatory reaction, which has direct influence on control strategies in later phases, causing extra movement in the hip joints to maintain balance. 2. Compared to dominant posture, the non-dominant posture is apparently less stable, presented by rapid movements of the hip joint. 3. Through observation on joint peak velocity timings, dominant posture appears to be more steady before contact, and reacts immediately after impact, which matches the competition specificity; while on the non-dominant side early movements in shoulder and hip joints were observed, and also requires more time to gain stability after contact. 4. COP during the pre-contact phase for the dominant posture appears to move in a fashion of preparing to deviate the attack forces and then use its momentum to conduct counter measures. Instead, for the non-dominant posture the major movement of COP appears to be at the impact, which is less effective for taking counter measure after fending the strike. 5. After contact, the wrist joints in dominant posture shows large movements in order to stabilize own body and to take further offensive positions and measures. But on the non-dominant standing posture, the same couldn’t be observed. 6. With non-dominant posture, fighters gain stability by adjusting the torso movement via hip joints before contact, but this also shows weakness during the match.
Lin, Wen-Lung, and 林文隆. "Using the Balanced Scorecard to Examine the Measurement Model on Management Performance for National Defense University." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23097835122689940700.
Повний текст джерела國防大學管理學院
資源管理及決策研究所
99
The pros and cons of Military education are not only concerned with the merits and demerit of the qualities and functions of cadres but also direct influenced the effect on army preparation. From 1994 to 2009 in The Republic of China, the amount of colleges and universities increased from 130 to 164, it resulted in dilution with educational resources, the Ministry of Education have made use of University of evaluation results as exit of the basis for the University which only get good performance of the school could continue forever to survive. In this study, to use the National Defense University as the research object and according to the method of questionnaires to carried out the implementation of the census by the Balanced Scorecard concept. There were 838 questionnaires issued, in all of the questionnaires - 698 were recovered, 661 valid questionnaires and the rate of effective response of questionnaires were 78.88%. The results of this study showed that the teaching and administrative staff of the National Defense University believed that the overall operations of the importance indicators was customer perspective: the most important performance is the military professional ethics; the overall operations of satisfaction indicators was learning and growth perspective: to maintain good interact relation with students (teacher-student interviews Case) is the most satisfactory; the importance and satisfaction of indicators was financial structure: the environment of network (such as openness, convenience, etc.) is the biggest difference.
"Avaliação de Uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Pelo Balanced Scorecard." Tese, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, 2000. http://teses.eps.ufsc.br/defesa/pdf/1617.pdf.
Повний текст джерела"Identificação de Indicadores Estratégicos de Desempenho A Partir do Balanced Scorecard." Tese, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, 2002. http://teses.eps.ufsc.br/defesa/pdf/5992.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLi-Hsing, Tsou, and 鄒李興. "The Balanced Scorecard Approach to Internal Audit of the Ministry of National Defence in Taiwan." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38158155185966770049.
Повний текст джерела國防管理學院
國防財務資源研究所
92
The quality of the Government internal audit jobs influences efficacy of the Government and value .Hence ,This paper stresses to study the Government internal audit for performance measure and that constructs till analyses the performance indicators of strategy pattern and that constructs the performance strategies . The results of this research are as follow.1.Base on the internal audit laws focused ,the experts consensus by interview and the references induced 29 performance measure indicators .2.Base on difference analysis by survey detected as follow.(1)The staff of the internal audit in the Ministry of National Defense to the performance indicators perceived significantly difference between importance and practicability .(2)The staff are effected importance perceptibility by duty classifications for the part performance indicators and the staff are effected practicability perceptibility by duty classifications with seniority classifications for the part performance indicators .3.This paper gains strategies from each dimension as follow .The 「Mission」dimension strategy is 「The Government Performance Evaluation」.The 「Customer」dimension strategy is 「Audit Quality」.The 「Internal Procedure」dimension strategy is 「Internal Control System」.The 「Learn and Grow」dimension strategy is 「Knowledge Management」.The 「Finance」 dimension strategy is 「Audit Resource Management」.4.The output of regression analysis shows that there is significantly relationship among 「Mission」,「Customer」 and 「Internal Procedure」 dimension strategies .
Wei-Kai, Chang, and 張惟凱. "Research of the management tactics of General Welfare Service Ministry of National Defense --- The application of Balanced Scorecard." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51900424995533182122.
Повний текст джерела國防大學政治作戰學院
政治研究所
96
The goal of General Welfare Service Ministry of National Defense is to provide soldiers, veterans and their dependents an ideal shopping environment, and to satisfy their daily needs. However, as economy develops very soon in recent years, there are many convenient stores, shopping malls, outlets and selling channels which give soldiers more options. Meanwhile, it also makes harsh impacts and challenges on GWSM. “Balanced Scorecard” is a new tool of assessing performance and strategic management. It is based on financial affairs, customers, inside procedures, studying and learning as the four indicators of evaluating. “The Long Tail” is developed under the influence of network. With expanding aspects which people contact with, the distribution of long tail will gradually extend, and the market of long tail will also gradually enlarge. This research discusses about the relevant issues of management tactics of GWSM by the “Balanced Scorecard” and “The Long Tail” theories. It focuses on applying resources and actions to tactics, in order to promote the performance and continuous management. This research uses approaches of documentary analysis method, survey research method, and SWOT analysis. It attempts to probe into the management tactics, soldiers’ satisfaction and current difficulties to figure out the management tactics of long-lasting development. Material analysis method carries on the meter by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, and takes the software of SPSS 12.0 and LISREL 8.7 as the tool of material statistical analysis. After factor analysis, there has formed four compositions of “the serve image, the quality of goods, the market management and customer’s relation”. According to it’s average , the order is customer’s relation, the quality of goods, the serve image and the market management. It shows that tested soldiers are more satisfied with GWSM ‘s customer’s relation and the quality of goods. The satisfaction of the serve image and the market management is still not enough. This research proposes the following management tactics to GWSM : 1. To create mutual benefits with strategic alliances. 2. To guide the relationship marketing from customer’s need. 3. To separate from the general market and build up the characteristic. 4. To make good use of the network and seek for the niches.
"Utilização do Conceito de Gestão Estratégica de Custos Dentro do Balanced Scorecard." Tese, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, 1999. http://teses.eps.ufsc.br/defesa/pdf/2925.pdf.
Повний текст джерела"O Levantamento das Necessidades de Treinamento em Ambientes Gerenciados Pelo Balanced Scorecard." Tese, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, 1999. http://teses.eps.ufsc.br/defesa/pdf/4029.pdf.
Повний текст джерела"Desenvolvimento de Modelo de Gestão Aplicado A Universidade Tendo por Base O Balanced Scorecard." Tese, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, 2001. http://teses.eps.ufsc.br/defesa/pdf/4952.pdf.
Повний текст джерела"Avaliação de Desempenho de Cooperativas de Crédito Rural Baseada no Uso do Balanced Scorecard." Tese, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, 2002. http://teses.eps.ufsc.br/defesa/pdf/9359.pdf.
Повний текст джерела"Sistema de Informação Para A Avaliação de Desempenho de Atacados Baseado na Metodologia Balanced Scorecard." Tese, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, 2002. http://teses.eps.ufsc.br/defesa/pdf/4119.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Kuo-Heng, and 程國峰. "Comparison of Balance Ability between Dynamic Body Movement and Passively Defensive Postures of Judo Athletes in Various Levels." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09547217462186710333.
Повний текст джерела國立體育大學
教練研究所
99
The objective of this study was to investigate balance ability between dynamic body movement and passively defensive posture of Judo athletes in various levels. The 36 healthy male study subjects consisted of 12 excellent athletes, 12 medium athletes and 12 control subjects, aged from 18 to 25 years old. Study subjects experienced Action Model Tests including Star Excursion Balance Test and Modified Bass Dynamic Balance Test, and Passively Defensive Model Tests including dominant-leg-in-the-front standing posture, non-dominant-leg-in-the-front standing posture and parallel standing posture.Balancing strategies of study subjects were measured and recorded by Kistler Force Plate System, including body action force to the ground, movement speed and moving range of COP. Data collected from Action Model Tests and Passively Defensive Model Tests was analyzed by One-way ANOVA. Research results of Action Model Tests: Various levels of Judo athletes didn’t showed no significant difference in Star Excursion Balance Test. In Modified Bass Dynamic Balance Test, dynamic balance showed no significant difference but holding forces between dominant leg and non-dominant leg showed significant difference. Research results of Passively Defensive Model Tests: There was significant difference of horizontally (X, Y axis) movement speed between dominant-leg-in-the-front standing posture and non-dominant-leg-in-the-front standing posture. Reactions of excellent and medium judo athletes were significantly faster than control subjects during post-bumping period. There was significant difference between dimensionally (X, Y, Z axis) moving range and movement speed in parallel standing posture. Reactions of excellent Judo athletes were significantly faster than control subjects.
Li, Chi-Hua, and 李淇華. "Applying Balanced Score Card for Evaluating Public Construction Project Management Performance—A Case Study of Office Building Projects of Ministry of Defense." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17443925568964510043.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
96
Public construction projects are numerous in nowadays. Bridges, office buildings, tunnels, and roads are all included. As the scale of these projects keeps increasing, the interfaces involved have become more complicated. Besides, the nationals also demand higher construction quality, giving more pressure to the authorities in charge of the implementation. Projects supervised by Ministry of Defense (MOD) are public construction projects as well. The management of these projects focuses more on construction progress and budget implementation efficiency. Since the Government Procurement Act went into effect on May 27th of 1999, MOD has applied the 39th article of the Act, which regulates “the selection of professional construction management companies and calculation of service fees”, to select professional construction management companies, under the promotion of “streamlining plan” and “progressive plan” of the national army and the gradual decrease of construction human resources. Therefore, implementation performance evaluation should be further extended to cover the whole life cycle of construction so as to generate effective analysis results. This study used balanced scorecard as the research framework, and integrated four constructs, including user, project management, internal process, and learning and growth into the framework. Through a review of related literatures, regulations, contracts, and issues that have arisen in practice, expert interviews and weighted questionnaire survey were conducted to establish a construction performance evaluation system as the basis for project performance evaluation. In the case of dissatisfactory performance, this evaluation system could help institutions in charge understand the problems or obstacles in project implementation and therefore immediately improve project implementation performance or even the overall performance of the institutions. In this study, two major construction projects supervised by MOD were collected to explore the management performance on the projects already completed and the projects still under implementation to verify the feasibility of the proposed system. The results could serve as a reference for future evaluation of military construction projects to enhance the effectiveness of construction management of military projects.