Дисертації з теми "Decision Support and Group Support Systems"
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1
Haupt, Kevin Paul. "Acquisition group decision support system." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA231426.
Анотація:
Thesis (M.S. in Systems Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Lacer, Donald A. Second Reader: Zviran, Moshe. "June 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 23, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Decision Support Systems, Military Procurement, Decision Making. Author(s) subject terms: Acquisition, Group Decision Support System. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64). Also available in print.
2
Ackermann, Fran. "Consideration of a specific group decision support methodology in the light of the group decision support systems literature." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319287.
3
Chen, Qian Jr. "Teamdec: a Group Decision Support System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36877.
Анотація:
TEAMDEC is a Group Decision Support System (GDSS). The development of a GDSS is supported by a broad spectrum of theories and techniques. Two major aspects of GDSS development were considered in TEAMDEC design: HCI and decision-making assistance. These two aspects interact to promote an interactive group decision support system with high quality.
Decision guidance using a script-based knowledge representation improves the GDSS's efficiency, effectiveness, and flexibility. The traditional script, however, is relatively inflexible. The proposed application, TEAMDEC, provides a set of solutions to support customization in a script system to enhance the decision guidance utilization.
The user interface design plays an important role in the overall system design. Two software development models (lifecycle model and V-model with backtracking) are adopted for TEAMDEC development. The user interface design of TEAMDEC is considered from three perspectives: functional, aesthetic, and structural.
Quality is emphasized in the development of the interactive system. It can be measured from two perspectives: those of the user and the designer. The quality measures of TEAMDEC are categorized into external properties and internal properties, corresponding to the two perspectives.Master of Science
4
Cano, Arnoldo Rafael. "Effects of Technological Support on Decision Making Performance of Distributed Groups." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36733.
Анотація:
This research was concerned with the collection of empirical data necessary to estimate the effects of
decision support tools on the performance of distributed groups. Data was collected in a controlled
experimental environment that simulated a geographically-dispersed meeting through the use of
videoconferencing and group communication support (GCSS) technology. Results of the use of a Group
Decision Support System (GDSS) on group process and outcome variables were mixed. As predicted by
the literature the use of a GDSS by distributed groups improved overall group consensus, decision
accuracy, and decision effectiveness. The use of a GDSS also increased perceived process structure.
Contrary to previous studies, the use of a GDSS increased decision time, and decreased overall
satisfaction with the group process. No significant effects were found for perceived consensus,
cooperation, amount of information exchange, or confidence in the decision.
A strong correlation was found between decision quality and decision time. An even stronger correlation
was found between perceived structure of the process and satisfaction with the process. The lack of
feedback about the process and its outcomes could explain the lack of a GDSS effect on perceptions of
consensus, cooperation, and confidence in the decision. Perception of subjective measures of the process
may depend on the presence of the appropriate types of feedback. The results suggest that an increase in
structure without a perceived improvement in decision quality (confidence in the decision) tends to
reduce group satisfaction.
A richer taxonomy for Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) systems is proposed whereby
three orthogonal dimensions of group support are defined. These three dimensions of group support are:
Communication support, decision support, and presence support. This new taxonomy suggests a number of
research directions aimed at the empirical identification of contextual and design factors relevant to
distributed group performance and decision making performance in general.Master of Science
5
Lu, Jie. "A framework and prototype for intelligent multiple objectives group decision support systems." Thesis, Curtin University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1554.
Анотація:
The objectives of this research are threefold: (i) to develop a conceptual framework and a prototype in order to extend the application capability of a category of multiple objective decision support systems (MODSS) techniques; (ii) to explore the combined functionalities of knowledge-based expert systems (ES) and MODSS through embedding an intelligent front-end, and (iii) to develop a new system and process of dealing with multiple objective decision making (MODM) models in a group decision support system (GDSS) framework. Ultimately, a system that integrates MODSS, ES and GDSS is generated, which is then evaluated in a laboratory experimental setup. This integrated system contains a sufficient number of MODM methods to solve MODM problems, provides an ES-based guide to select and use the most suitable MODM method, and has the capability to aggregate individual decision makers' preferences to produce a compromise solution of an MODM problem in different forms and styles of group meetings. The system is supported by a set of group decision making (GDM) methods which combine the preferences of the individual group members and thus increases the confidence of each group member in the compromise solution.The research is conducted using a multiple-methodologies approach using the system development methodology as the backbone. The conceptual framework of the integrated system is elaborated to integrate multiple system elements into one facility at the application system level based on functional and resource integration. A prototype implements this conceptual framework as an intelligence-based and graphical user interface (GUI)-based MODSS that works in an individual/group environment. Both the conceptual framework and the prototype are called Intelligent Multiple Objectives Group Decision Support Systems (IMOGDSS).Initial evaluation of the IMOGDSS is encouraging, which is conducted in the form of testing a number of hypotheses in an experimental setup. This research thus makes contributions in both theoretical and application domains. Five major contributions are listed below:It develops a unique conceptual framework of integrating MODSS, ES and GDSS effectively to deal with MODM problem in individual/group decision making under a knowledge-based intelligent architecture.It provides a new application of ES, that is, utilising knowledge-based ES to select the most efficient MODM method for each particular decision maker (or decision group) in a particular decision problem.The complete method management function of the MODM methodology base guides the decision makers to use the most suitable method to solve their decision making problems, allows them to use multiple methods to resolve complex problems, that could not otherwise be solved with a single MODM, and also allows the group members to get solutions from different methods.This study produces an opportunity to select and apply the 'best' aggregation model to aggregate the individual solutions of an MODM problem through integrating various GDM methods in a methodology base.This study implements a two-stage configuration of group decision support software that provides a GUI-based hierarchical procedure for solving MODM problems with intelligent guidance in a decision group. The two-stage group decision making procedure is able to help the decision makers to analyse, understand and interact cooperatively in the group decision making process to reach a compromise solution.
6
Aiken, Milam Worth. "An expert systems approach to group decision support systems pre-session planning." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31253019.html.
7
Morton, Alec. "Distributed group decision support : an exploration of some key concepts." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248536.
8
Lu, Jie. "A framework and prototype for intelligent multiple objectives group decision support systems." Curtin University of Technology, Curtin Business School, 2000. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=10183.
Анотація:
The objectives of this research are threefold: (i) to develop a conceptual framework and a prototype in order to extend the application capability of a category of multiple objective decision support systems (MODSS) techniques; (ii) to explore the combined functionalities of knowledge-based expert systems (ES) and MODSS through embedding an intelligent front-end, and (iii) to develop a new system and process of dealing with multiple objective decision making (MODM) models in a group decision support system (GDSS) framework. Ultimately, a system that integrates MODSS, ES and GDSS is generated, which is then evaluated in a laboratory experimental setup. This integrated system contains a sufficient number of MODM methods to solve MODM problems, provides an ES-based guide to select and use the most suitable MODM method, and has the capability to aggregate individual decision makers' preferences to produce a compromise solution of an MODM problem in different forms and styles of group meetings. The system is supported by a set of group decision making (GDM) methods which combine the preferences of the individual group members and thus increases the confidence of each group member in the compromise solution.The research is conducted using a multiple-methodologies approach using the system development methodology as the backbone. The conceptual framework of the integrated system is elaborated to integrate multiple system elements into one facility at the application system level based on functional and resource integration. A prototype implements this conceptual framework as an intelligence-based and graphical user interface (GUI)-based MODSS that works in an individual/group environment. Both the conceptual framework and the prototype are called Intelligent Multiple Objectives Group Decision Support Systems (IMOGDSS).Initial evaluation of the IMOGDSS is encouraging, which ++is conducted in the form of testing a number of hypotheses in an experimental setup. This research thus makes contributions in both theoretical and application domains. Five major contributions are listed below:It develops a unique conceptual framework of integrating MODSS, ES and GDSS effectively to deal with MODM problem in individual/group decision making under a knowledge-based intelligent architecture.It provides a new application of ES, that is, utilising knowledge-based ES to select the most efficient MODM method for each particular decision maker (or decision group) in a particular decision problem.The complete method management function of the MODM methodology base guides the decision makers to use the most suitable method to solve their decision making problems, allows them to use multiple methods to resolve complex problems, that could not otherwise be solved with a single MODM, and also allows the group members to get solutions from different methods.This study produces an opportunity to select and apply the 'best' aggregation model to aggregate the individual solutions of an MODM problem through integrating various GDM methods in a methodology base.This study implements a two-stage configuration of group decision support software that provides a GUI-based hierarchical procedure for solving MODM problems with intelligent guidance in a decision group. The two-stage group decision making procedure is able to help the decision makers to analyse, understand and interact cooperatively in the group decision making process to reach a compromise solution.
9
Ferrari, Julie. "The effects of anonymity on individuals using group decision support systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0028/MQ27036.pdf.
10
Clark, Cindy, and R. Warren Miller. "Experimental research and empirical testing of distributed Group Decision Support Systems." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/42109.
Анотація:
Past research in the area of Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) has attempted to ascertain its future potential in the business world. This thesis extends the GDSS research to the area of distributed Group Decision Support Systems (DGDSS) . An experiment was performed where groups of three and four persons were tested in different group decision making settings, a traditional decision room and a DGDSS. An experimental prototype DGDSS program, developed at Claremont University, Claremont, CA, was evaluated during the experiment. The experiment pointed out several program advantages and disadvantages during the evaluation. The study determined that use of the DGDSS resulted in generation of larger numbers of criteria and alternatives and greater decision satisfaction. DGDSS supported groups experienced: less commitment to the final decision, less satisfaction with the decision process, and less satsifaction with communication.
11
Ferrari, Julie (Julie Anne) Carleton University Dissertation Management Studies. "The Effects of anonymity on individuals using group decision support systems." Ottawa, 1997.
12
Winniford, MaryAnne. "The effects of electronic meeting support on large and small decision-making groups." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184901.
Анотація:
This research compared the use of an electronic meeting system tool to a manual group process in large and small groups in a controlled laboratory experiment. Outcomes measured include the quality of decision, the time taken in various stages of the decision making process, and group member satisfaction. A research model of the variables influencing group decision making was developed. The six independent variables included in this model are group size, the rule by which the group makes a decision, the incentives driving the group, the distribution of useful information within the group, the task complexity, and the meeting support (electronic or manual). In this research group size and method of support were manipulated, while the other variables were controlled. A decision-making task was developed for this research to specify and manipulate the six independent variables. The task described a product mix problem in which information on each product was given to group members. The group shared information and jointly determined an outcome. The group used an unanimous decision rule to choose a solution. A numerical outcome was used to objectively measure decision quality. Each member of the group received a cash payoff determined by the group's solution as incentive in accomplishing the task. All groups found the optimal solution. The simplicity of the task may have minimized the differences found between groups. There was no significant difference in general member satisfaction or time to decision. Prior knowledge was found to influence general member satisfaction and the time needed for the group to share information. Members of large groups perceived more uneven distribution of participation than members of small groups. Voting differences were very large: large groups took significantly more votes than small groups, and electronic groups took significantly more votes than manual groups. "Conjunctive" and "disjunctive" task descriptions are used to discuss task/tool interaction.
13
Heminger, Alan Ray. "Assessment of a group decision support system in a field setting." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184613.
Анотація:
There has been increasing research interest in recent years in using the power of computers to support group work. There have been two main areas of research: experimental research into GDSS supported group work in laboratory settings, and research designed to develop GDSSs which are effective, efficient and acceptable to their users. However, there have been some contradictory findings from these two areas of research. The developmental effort has shown great promise in relatively controlled developmental settings. At the same time, experimental research has indicated that GDSSs may not provide the hoped for increases in effectiveness and efficiency while being accepted by their users. This study has attempted to clarify this situation by using a field study to assess the implementation of a GDSS in an operational environment. The setting for this study was a large engineering and manufacturing site of a large electronics company. A GDSS which had been developed at the University of Arizona was installed at the host company's site, and it was assessed for the first nine months of its use. Results indicate that the system was perceived to be effective, efficient and acceptable for use by its intended users.
14
Liou, Yihwa Irene. "The use of a group decision support system environment for knowledge acquisition." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184717.
Анотація:
Knowledge acquisition is not only the most important but also most difficult task knowledge engineers face when they begin to develop expert systems. One of the first problems they encounter is the need to identify at least one individual with appropriate expertise who is able and willing to participate in the development project. They must also be able to use a variety of techniques to elicit the knowledge that they require. These include such traditional knowledge acquisition methods as interviewing, thinking-aloud protocol analysis, on-site observation, and repertory grid analysis. As expert system applications have become more complex, knowledge engineers have found that they must work with and tap the domain knowledge of not one but several individuals. They have also discovered that the traditional methods do not work well in eliciting the knowledge residing in a group of individuals. The complexity of the systems, the difficulties inherent in working with multiple experts, and the lack of appropriate tools have combined to make the knowledge acquisition task even more arduous and time consuming. Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) have been proven to be useful tools for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of a multiplicity of group activities. It would appear that by bringing experts together in a GDSS environment and using computer-based tools to facilitate group interaction and information exchange, a knowledge engineer could eliminate many of these problems. This research was designed to explore the possibility of using a GDSS environment to facilitate knowledge acquisition from multiple experts. The primary research question was "Does A GDSS environment facilitate the acquisition of knowledge from multiple experts?" The principle contributions of this research are (1) demonstration of the first use of a GDSS environment to elicit knowledge from multiple experts; (2) establishment of a methodology for knowledge acquisition in a GDSS environment; (3) development of process models for acquiring knowledge; (4) development of guidelines for designing and evaluating group support tools; and (5) recognition of some implications of using a computer-supported cooperative approach to extract knowledge from a group of experts. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
15
FISHER, GARY LEE. "A SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE FOR STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT SUPPORT SYSTEMS UTILIZING INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS (STAKEHOLDER, REUSABLE CODE, GROUP DECISION SUPPORT)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183818.
Анотація:
A software architecture for strategic-management support-systems is developed, with an underlying principle that new additions to the library of planning tools in such support systems should not have to be new programming efforts. The current status of group decision support is surveyed and the lack of a software architecture for such systems is noted. The software architecture that has been developed is intended to guide the development of such support systems and is based on a library of procedural abstractions called elemental-engines. Selected sets of elemental-engines are assembled into synthesized support drivers which support an even higher level of abstraction, that of the generic logic supporting a family of planning tools. Thus, a family of planning tools may be expanded by the simple creation of text files, containing the dialog of the new tool. The work looks first at the nature of strategic management decision-making, then to work done in group decision support systems. A framework for software development, particularly in the area of list-processing is presented. A data structure to support such list processing is developed and discussed. An example of the software architecture is presented via the code for the initial planning-tool developed. This code was then generalized into the library of elemental-engines and a set of synthesized support drivers. This library of planning-tools, built around the architecture is described, and the use of the tools in a planning session is evaluated. Some possible extensions with respect to a decision laboratory are suggested. The laboratory incorporates features developed in the evolution of using computers to support human decision-making, with software written according to the architecture presented.
16
Yuen, Sze-ling, and 阮思玲. "An empirical investigation of the effects of coaction facilitation on task outcomes and process perceptions of decision-making groups withinthe group support system context." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31064425.
17
Yuen, Sze-ling. "An empirical investigation of the effects of coaction facilitation on task outcomes and process perceptions of decision-making groups within the group support system context." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31064425.
18
Ozer, Ibrahim. "Multi-criteria group decision making methods using AHP and integrated Web-based decision support systems." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27545.
Анотація:
This thesis explores different group decision making methods using the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) applied to the multi-criteria decision making problem of selecting a preferred "site" and develops a support system for group decision making. The group members consider sites to have alternative and often conflicting uses. It is imperative for decision makers in the responsible group to have an appropriate combination of tools, computer software and decisions support systems in order to make the most preferred decisions as a group despite potential inherent conflict among members of the decision making group. To support this idea and facilitate decision making, alternative group multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) evaluation techniques are examined. These include; AHP, Weighted Sum Method (WSM), Weighted Product Method (WPM), AHP Combined Method, Group Evaluation Method, Fuzzy AHP, Fuzzy AHP Combined, and Fuzzy AHP Group. A web-based comparison framework is developed as a prototype to facilitate model use. These methods are applied to the evaluation of coastal zone sites for alternate marine use including aquaculture or fish farming. Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing activities among coastal nations. At the same time, companies, researchers, and coastal communities are seeking assistance in identifying appropriate coastal zone sites for commercial fishing and aquaculture activities, habitat reserves, and marine recreation. The aquaculture case study evaluates four possible fish sites in the Grand Marian Island area of Atlantic Canada.
19
Read, Martin John. "Development and evaluation of a group support system in organisational settings." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2003. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/development-and-evaluation-of-a-group-support-system-in-organisational-settings(503d9c67-58ab-4168-9e75-f73d78734cfa).html.
Анотація:
Group Support Systems (GSS) are systems, normally involving the use of Information Technology, that have been designed to support groups of people meeting to undertake some task. By providing an additional channel of communication, GSS attempt to reduce group process losses, such as domination of the group by one or more members, and to enhance positive aspects of the group process, for example a group member thinking of a new and useful idea as a result of awareness of the contribution of other group members. A number of different types of GSS have been developed involving different levels of IT support. However, the majority of research has been targeted at GSS involving networked personal computers, where each member of the group uses an individual personal computer to enter opinions and values. Another type of GSS involves a single personal computer, a large screen that can be viewed by all members of a group, and a number of personal handsets that can be used to send numeric information to the personal computer. Relative to networked personal computer based GSS, there has been far less research on the effectiveness of handset based GSS in supporting a group of people meeting on some task. Additionally, there is conflicting evidence between studies of GSS that have been undertaken in the laboratory, and studies that have been undertaken in the field. Laboratory studies have found little evidence to suggest that the group process is improved through the use of a GSS, whilst field studies have identified benefits. The evaluation of the validity of a GSS is a complex issue, and can be considered from a number of perspectives and approaches. This portfolio of projects concerns the development and evaluation of a type of k-GSS in organisational settings. The portfolio includes an account of the background to the development of the GSS and an initial evaluation of the usefulness of the system through a number of field studies. Two field applications of the GSS are the subject of an in-depth evaluation, and include evaluation of both process variables and output variables. The evaluation of the GSS in these applications suggests that an important factor in improving the group process through using a GSS is the extent to which dialogue is encouraged in the group. Additionally, a GSS Design Framework and GSS Design Guidelines are identified which should be reviewed when an application using this type of technology in an organisational context is being considered.
20
Lai, Sherman. "Shared displays to support collaborative exploration of ocean summits." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/711.
Анотація:
In group decision support systems, understanding the roles, dynamics and relationships between participants is imperative to streamlining the decision-making process. This is especially true when decision makers have varying interests. Research has shown that decision-making processes amongst groups with varying interests will often reach bottlenecks with issues, such as unwillingness to share information, or a limited ability of the participants to share ideas at the same time. We explored this research territory of group decision-making by implementing collaboration software to support Ocean Summits, a new approach that uses real-time simulations as part of the decision-making process for stakeholders to explore fisheries management policies. The research reported in this thesis has three goals: (1) to better understand the decision-making process in fisheries management, (2) to build a prototype system to tackle the major issues in the decision-making process and (3) to determine the best way to share and display information critical to the stakeholders' decision-making process by exploring the use of shared screens and information in comparison to private displays. We discovered that the use of shared screens with shared information yielded the best results, as opposed to private screens with shared information or private screens with private information. It was observed that sharing information allowed participants to explore more alternative solutions.
21
Mokhtari, Soroush. "Developing a Group Decision Support System (GDSS) for decision making under uncertainty." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5675.
Анотація:
Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problems are often associated with tradeoffs between performances of the available alternative solutions under decision making criteria. These problems become more complex when performances are associated with uncertainty. This study proposes a stochastic MCDM procedure that can handle uncertainty in MCDM problems. The proposed method coverts a stochastic MCDM problem into many deterministic ones through a Monte-Carlo (MC) selection. Each deterministic problem is then solved using a range of MCDM methods and the ranking order of the alternatives is established for each deterministic MCDM. The final ranking of the alternatives can be determined based on winning probabilities and ranking distribution of the alternatives. Ranking probability distributions can help the decision-maker understand the risk associated with the overall ranking of the options. Therefore, the final selection of the best alternative can be affected by the risk tolerance of the decision-makers. A Group Decision Support System (GDSS) is developed here with a user-friendly interface to facilitate the application of the proposed MC-MCDM approach in real-world multi-participant decision making for an average user. The GDSS uses a range of decision making methods to increase the robustness of the decision analysis outputs and to help understand the sensitivity of the results to level of cooperation among the decision-makers. The decision analysis methods included in the GDSS are: 1) conventional MCDM methods (Maximin, Lexicographic, TOPSIS, SAW and Dominance), appropriate when there is a high cooperation level among the decision-makers; 2) social choice rules or voting methods (Condorcet Choice, Borda scoring, Plurality, Anti-Plurality, Median Voting, Hare System of voting, Majoritarian Compromise ,and Condorcet Practical), appropriate for cases with medium cooperation level among the decision-makers; and 3) Fallback Bargaining methods (Unanimity, Q-Approval and Fallback Bargaining with Impasse), appropriate for cases with non-cooperative decision-makers. To underline the utility of the proposed method and the developed GDSS in providing valuable insights into real-world hydro-environmental group decision making, the GDSS is applied to a benchmark example, namely the California's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta decision making problem. The implications of GDSS' outputs (winning probabilities and ranking distributions) are discussed. Findings are compared with those of previous studies, which used other methods to solve this problem, to highlight the sensitivity of the results to the choice of decision analysis methods and/or different cooperation levels among the decision-makers.M.S.
Masters
Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering; Water Resources Engineering
22
Easton, George Kurtis. "Group decision support systems vs. face-to-face communication for collaborative group work: An experimental investigation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184449.
Анотація:
Organizations must consider increasing their decision-making capabilities in order to remain viable in a post-industrial society that Huber characterized as having "more and increasing knowledge, more and increasing complexity, and more and increasing turbulence" (1984). He sees the challenge for managers in the post-industrial environment as learning to make decisions in less time using greater quantities of more complex information. Group Decision Support Systems (GDSSs) represent a computer-based technology that has the potential to increase an organization's decision-making capabilities, and to meet this post-industrial challenge. This dissertation investigated a specific GDSS to study how GDSS technology affects group decision making compared to the more traditional face-to-face group decision making. The research was conducted through the use of a laboratory study comparing face-to-face groups of size six to GDSS groups of the same size. The decision process was the same for both types of groups, i.e., the sequence of steps used to solve the problem was consistent for both. Additionally, all of the groups were given the same task. Process and decision outcomes were measured for the six sets of treatments considered feasible for the manipulation of the communication condition, leadership, and anonymity. The process outcomes included satisfaction, time to decision, consensus, participation and uninhibited comments. The quality of a group's decision was the decision outcome measurement. The major findings of this study are: (1) Decision quality was equivalent for both face-to-face and GDSS groups; (2) Time to decision was greater for GDSS; (3) Consensus was less likely to occur in GDSS groups; (4) Satisfaction was lower in GDSS groups; (5) Participation was more equitable in GDSS groups.
23
Kong, Guilan. "An online belief rule-based group clinical decision support system." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-online-belief-rulebased-group-clinical-decision-support-system(c31a65c7-60c3-4e7a-b18e-44fee95f7da1).html.
Анотація:
Around ten percent of patients admitted to National Health Service (NHS) hospitals have experienced a patient safety incident, and an important reason for the high rate of patient safety incidents is medical errors. Research shows that appropriate increase in the use of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) could help to reduce medical errors and result in substantial improvement in patient safety. However several barriers continue to impede the effective implementation of CDSSs in clinical settings, among which representation of and reasoning about medical knowledge particularly under uncertainty are areas that require refined methodologies and techniques. Particularly, the knowledge base in a CDSS needs to be updated automatically based on accumulated clinical cases to provide evidence-based clinical decision support. In the research, we employed the recently developed belief Rule-base Inference Methodology using the Evidential Reasoning approach (RIMER) for design and development of an online belief rule-based group CDSS prototype. In the system, belief rule base (BRB) was used to model uncertain clinical domain knowledge, the evidential reasoning (ER) approach was employed to build inference engine, a BRB training module was developed for learning the BRB through accumulated clinical cases, and an online discussion forum together with an ER-based group preferences aggregation tool were developed for providing online clinical group decision support.We used a set of simulated patients in cardiac chest pain provided by our research collaborators in Manchester Royal Infirmary to validate the developed online belief rule-based CDSS prototype. The results show that the prototype can provide reliable diagnosis recommendations and the diagnostic performance of the system can be improved significantly after training BRB using accumulated clinical cases.
24
Stevens, Caroline A. "A research framework and questionnaire for group decision support system evaluation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25599.
Анотація:
Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) have been designed to support groups of people engaged in the cooperative working activities of a meeting. The interactions of a group of people working together in a meeting are termed the "group process" whereby certain factors or input variables influence the group process which in turn characterize the group process outcomes. A review of the work in this field has revealed the absence of a standard organizing framework in GDSS research that adequately models this group process and identifies those variables recognized as characterizing the group process. The introduction of such a framework would be a significant advance in GDSS research, both improving the methods for describing and assessing GDSS-supported meetings and helping to understand the effects of input variables on the group process and its outputs. This thesis presents such a framework. Evaluation of the group process and its outcomes is essential in studying the use of GDSS and the effects of input variables upon the group process and its outcome. Post-process questionnaires to be completed by group members have frequently been used to evaluate GDSS. However, articles describing the use of questionnaires in GDSS research provide little information regarding development of the questionnaires and the assessment of validity and reliability of questionnaires is rarely addressed. This calls into question the validity and reliability of results and conclusions drawn from questionnaire responses. In this research, a questionnaire which aims to evaluate group members' perceptions of the meeting process and its outcomes was developed directly from the variables in the framework. The questionnaire was completed by a total of 57 group members attending five meetings using three different types of GDSS to help them with their real problems. Their responses were used to test the questionnaire for validity and reliability. The results of these tests were used to revise the questionnaire. As a result, a valid questionnaire has been devised which can be used with confidence in future research to provide valid conclusions. Use of such a standard valid questionnaire will produce comparable results from all GDSS research, promoting cross comparison of study results, more efficient interpretation of results and more fruitful conclusions. This will enhance the researchers' understanding of GDSS use.
25
Bell, Daniel M. "An evaluative case report of the group decision manager : a look at the communication and coordination issues facing online group facilitation /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901215.
26
Ross, John R. "Group decision support system to aid the process of design and maintenance of large scale systems." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23914.
27
Briggs, Robert Owen. "The focus theory of group productivity and its application to development and testing of electronic group support systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186938.
Анотація:
This dissertation develops the Focus Theory of Group Productivity, describes the use of the theory to guide development of several electronic group support tools, and reports the results of experiments testing whether the tools yield the predicted productivity gains. Focus theory posits that to be productive group members must divide their attention between three cognitive processes: communication, Deliberation, and information access. Communication, Deliberation, and information access are, in turn, constrained by limited attention and fading memory. Finally group members are only willing to engage their attention resources to the extent that the group goal is congruent with their individual goals. Electronic tools can reduce the attention demand of each of the three cognitive processes, and focus participant attention on appropriate problem-solving behaviors. Electronic tools can foster goal congruence under some circumstances. This dissertation describes how Focus Theory guided the development of the several electronic tools to support the needs of real groups experiencing real productivity problems. It reports the results of several laboratory experiments to test the goal-congruence hypothesis of Focus Theory. The first experiment frames social loafing and social comparison as goal congruence issues, showing that subjects using a real-time graph to compare their own performance to that of an average group generated more unique ideas than a group with no basis for comparison. Facilitation techniques boosted the salience of the comparison, further increasing performance. The second study frames affective reward as a goal congruence issue and develops and validates a measure for the construct. The third study frames user interface design in terms of goal congruence and demonstrates the strengths (pointing, selecting, moving, fine motor control) and weaknesses (handwriting recognition) of pen-based interfaces in those terms. The fourth study frames the classroom as a group-productivity setting and demonstrates that group support systems can be used to improve classroom interactions.
28
Easton, Annette Cecilia. "An experimental investigation of automated versus manual support for stakeholder identification and assumption surfacing in small groups." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184450.
Анотація:
The increasing complexity of decision situations has required organizations to integrate more types of expertise and consider more criteria for effective group decision making. Researchers have begun to examine how computer based support in the form of a Group Decision Support System (GDSS) can enhance the process and outcomes of decision making groups. This dissertation investigated the impact of GDSS for strategic planning impact analysis. The GDSS was based on the Stakeholder Identification and Assumption Surfacing Model. A controlled laboratory experiment was used to compare the process and outcomes of 4-person groups which had GDSS support, comparable manual support, and no support. The experimental task was a policy statement requiring undergraduates to have a personal computer for admittance to a business college. Groups were asked to determine a list of the most critical stakeholders who would be impacted by the policy, and their assumptions regarding the policy statement. Measures were taken on decision outcomes (decision quality, decision time, and satisfaction with the outcomes) and decision process variables (quantity of unique alternatives, distribution of individual participation, and satisfaction with the process). Additionally, observational data was recorded through the use of videotape recordings of the sessions. The major findings of the study are: (1) Decision quality is enhanced when groups use a structured methodology; (2) Decision time was shortest in the unstructured groups, with GDSS groups finishing somewhat faster than manual structured groups; (3) Satisfaction with the outcomes was not different between structured and unstructured groups, however it was higher in the GDSS groups compared to the structured manual groups; (4) Quantity of unique alternatives was much higher in the groups using a structured methodology; (5) Distribution of individual participation was more equal in groups using a structured methodology; and (6) Satisfaction with the process was not different between structured and unstructured groups, however the GDSS groups were more satisfied than the structured manual groups.
29
Wilson, Sheryl Lee. "A neuropsychological investigation of the memory skills of learning-disabled children compared to normal children." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184900.
Анотація:
Memory is a complex cognitive process which has been widely researched within the field of neuropsychology. In clinical studies of adults, the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is widely used. At this time there is no comparable clinical tool within the child literature pertaining to memory. There are studies which have extended the age limits of the WMS, but the youngest sample ranged from 10 to 14 years of age. The present research was conducted in two studies. The first study concerns the development of a memory scale for use with children aged six to twelve. This scale, Wilson's Adapted Memory Scale for Children (WAMS-C), was constructed utilizing the basic structure and subtests of the WMS. The scale was administered to 33 normal children, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years. It was hypothesized that the scale would reflect the developmental nature of memory as well as the relationship between memory and intelligence. The second study compared the memory skills of a learning disabled (LD) sample of children to those of a sample of normal learning (NL) children. A specific profile of academic achievement was used to define the LD children who participated in this study. (Reading and Spelling impaired, and relatively better Arithmetic skills). Research conducted by Rourke and his associates identified this subtype of LD children and provided predictions pertaining to their differential performance on verbal and visual tasks. The WAMS-C contains both verbal and visual memory tasks. It was predicted that these children would (1) do less well than NL children on the memory scale and (2) that these LD children would be impaired on the verbal memory portion of the WAMS-C, compared to NL children, but would exhibit equivalent performance on the visual memory tasks. The results of the studies showed the WAMS-C to reflect the developmental nature of memory and the relationship with intelligence. Also, LD children had significantly lower scores on the WAMS-C. However, neither the verbal or visual subtests differentiated between groups. Rather, subtests which may reflect short-term memory deficits and/or attentional problems appeared responsible for the differences found.
30
Huang, Hai-Shen Information Technology & Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "An empirical study on the impact of organisational culture and GSS on group decision outcomes." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38720.
Анотація:
This study examines the impact of organisational culture and GSS (Group Support Systems) on small group decision-making as measured by group decision outcomes. Laboratory experiments were designed to investigate how two types of groups selected on the basis of having apparently different organisational cultures make decisions on a preference task, in situations where they were given one of two different means of support (face-to-face GSS support or manually structured support) to aid their decision-making. Organisational culture and GSS are the independent variables, whilst the dependent outcome variables were perceived decision quality, decision process satisfaction, decision satisfaction, unified commitment, collaborative climate, and group cohesiveness. The research results showed that manually-supported groups, those who were given simple physical decision-support aids and worked face-to-face, had higher perceived decision quality and decision process satisfaction but no significant differences in unified commitment, decision satisfaction, collaborative climate, and group cohesiveness were found when compared to face-to-face GSS???supported groups who were given electronic aids. One of the two groups drawn from environments where organisational culture was expected to be quite different, that is the Kensington Campus group had higher perceived decision quality, decision process satisfaction, unified commitment, and group cohesiveness but no significant differences in decision satisfaction and collaborative climate when compared with groups drawn from a campus of the same university, ADFA (Australian Defence Force Academy) Campus, one which is attended only by military students. Whilst compared with those of manually structured support on group outcomes, the impacts of GSS on group outcomes weakened when they performed a preference task, organisational culture was found to have a significant impact on group outcomes when both face-to-face GSS and manual settings were considered.
31
Maxwell, David W. "Implementing a group decision support system at Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA293260.
32
李淑明 and Shuk-ming Selina Li. "The impact of groupware on organizational communication: an examination of group decision-making performance andoutcomes with the support of computer-based communication technologies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31269047.
33
Li, Shuk-ming Selina. "The impact of groupware on organizational communication : an examination of group decision-making performance and outcomes with the support of computer-based communication technologies /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1987392X.
34
Hender, Jillian Mary. "Improving group creativity : an evaluation of the use of creative techniques with a group support system." Thesis, Henley Business School, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387532.
35
Chun, Ki-Jeong. "The effectiveness of a facilitated group decision support system (decision conferencing) : a UK/US field study." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1992. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1356/.
Анотація:
The increasingly complex and turbulent business environments of these days frequently require greater specialised knowledge pertaining to the issues, which are usually beyond that of any individual. Therefore, group meetings are becoming more complex, more frequent, and more important. As part of the transition into this new environment together with recent advancements in computers, telecommunications and management science techniques, organisational researchers have made serious efforts to use advanced technologies to improve group meetings. An example of such attempts is the development of a Group Decision Support System (GDSS), an application of information technology to support the work of groups. One common example of GDSSs is the Decision Conferencing (DC), which combines the use of decision analytic softwares to incorporate the differing perspectives of the participants with group facilitation techniques. This thesis systematically reviews the existing case, field, and laboratory decision room type GDSS studies. It, then, explores the plausible factors for the inconsistent findings across studies. Main objective of the thesis, however, is to investigate the effectiveness of a DC in aiding group work with regard to decision processes, overall user attitudes, and decision quality, and to identify variables associated with differences in perceived effectiveness. Three theories were employed to build a conceptual framework with criteria by which to describe and evaluate the effectiveness of decision making in GDSS settings: Competing Values Approach, Stratified Systems Theory, and Human Information Processing Model. It was shown that these three approaches share common theoretical assumptions. Then, quantitative data were collected through a mailed questionnaire of participants in 22 conferences, hosted by the Decision Conferences Inc. in the U.S.A., Decision Analysis Unit at London School of Economics, and International Computers Ltd. in the U.K. Overall, a DC was perceived better than a conventional meeting for all of the evaluation criteria. The effectiveness of a DC, however, was perceived differently according to various factors: participants' levels in the executive hierarchy, differences in the culture and style of the organisation, task differences in terms of the degree of threat, group size, variety of facilitators, and careers of the participants. Of greater interest is the finding that independent of the numerous variables above, a DC was perceived highly effective in terms of user attitudes, improved decision quality, adaptable process, goal-centred process, and efficiency of decision; and relatively less effective with regard to implementation, and accountability of decision.
36
Posey, P. Steven. "A prototype graphical user interface for Co-oP: a group decision support system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/24017.
Анотація:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedA properly designed user interface has the potential to greatly enhance an application by reducing user effort ad enhancing interaction. This thesis designs and develops a prototype Graphical User Interface (GUI) for Co-oP, a Group Decision Support System (GDSS) for Cooperative Multiple Criteria Group Decision Making. The GUI has been created in a Windows operating environment and intended to be used on an IBM compatible microcomputer. Design methodology builds upon general interface design principles of User Control, Screen Design, and Screen Layout utilizing standard GUI control mechanisms.
37
Cathcart, Steven C. "A Group-based Spatial Decision Support System for Wind Farm Site Selection in Northwest Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1320431690.
38
Ramires, João. "Negociação de Requisitos no Processo de Desenvolvimento de Software." Master's thesis, Department of Informatics, University of Lisbon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/14013.
Анотація:
Estudos recentes comprovam que dos projectos de software concluídos, apenas uma pequena parte corresponde às expectativas, tendo-se observado que o problema se centra principalmente numa deficiente análise de requisitos. Nas fases iniciais do processo de desenvolvimento de software, os intervenientes do processo contribuem com ideias vagas e incompletas relativamente aos seus objectivos. É frequente não haver uma ideia clara de quais são os requisitos desejáveis. Deste modo é difícil definir requisitos a fim de se obter um sistema que corresponda às expectativas. Por outro lado, a avaliação de requisitos de software consiste no confronto dos objectivos dos intervenientes perante um conjunto de constrangimentos. Os conflitos nesta avaliação resultam de perspectivas, interpretações e posições diversas dos intervenientes. Esta dissertação apresenta uma abordagem para a resolução do conflito na avaliação de requisitos de software. A abordagem proposta apresenta um sistema que interliga um grupo de pessoas utilizadores, programadores, chefes de projecto, gestores de topo, etc. e suporta técnicas de negociação na resolução dos conflitos que surgem na avaliação dos requisitos de software. O protótipo desenvolvido é simultaneamente um Sistema de Suporte à Decisão em Grupo e um Sistema de Suporte à Negociação assente no modelo Desdobramento da Função Qualidade aplicado ao software, fomentando uma perspectiva de negociação integrativa
39
Cao, Patrick Pu 1963. "The effects of parallel versus sequential coordination methods on distributed group multiple critera decision-making outcomes : an empirical study with a web-based GDSS prototype." Monash University, School of Information Management and Systems, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8107.
40
Singh, Pavan Pratap. "An empirical study of the idea generation productivity of decision-making groups implications for GDSS research, design, and practice /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0015/NQ56268.pdf.
41
Mlisa, Andiswa. "Spatial decision support system for hydrogeological studies in Table Mountain Group Aquifers, Western Cape Province, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2473.
Анотація:
Thesis (MA (Geography and Environmental Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.The Western Cape province of South Africa is a water scarce area with a Mediterranean climate. The majority of rainfall occurs in the cold winter months and the area experiences hot and dry summers. Studies done to investigate various water supply and water demand management options for the City of Cape Town, concluded that the Table Mountain Group (TMG) aquifer has the potential of yielding high volumes (estimated at 70Mm3/a) of good quality water, but that further research about this source as a potential augmentation supply to the City of Cape Town was necessary before extraction could commence. The aim of the study is to develop a spatial decision support system (SDSS) to be used by a hydrogeology project team, which includes hydrogeologists, environmentalists, ecologists, engineers and other stakeholders. The Table Mountain Group Aquifer (TMGA) SDSS is meant to be a decision support tool, but should also raise awareness about the use of spatial data and information and its capabilities for earth science and other multidisciplinary applications. By means of team discussions and interviews data, spatial analysis and data manipulation requirements were determined. Based on these requirements, four spatial analysis tools were developed. The spatial tool named “Borehole Analysis” analyses stratigraphic information obtained from existing boreholes and hydrogeological point data. The tool determines what groundwater use and monitoring has been undertaken in the area of interest. The “Topographic Analysis” tool identifies any topographical (e.g. rivers) and cadastral (e.g. farm boundaries) data within a certain distance from a possible borehole site. The “Sensitive Area Analysis” tool addresses queries with respect to sensitive areas, such as wetlands, statutory protected areas and private nature reserves. The “Image Classification” tool gives the team members an opportunity to use band ratios during image interpretation. The TMGA SDSS was developed using TNTmips v70, Extensible Markup Language (XML) and Spatial Manipulation Language (SML) and can be run on TNTAtlas v70, which is a free software. The TMGA SDSS enables the team members to have equal and ready access to data acquired by other members. This was found to support intra- and interdisciplinary conversation and facilitate understanding of how the data is being (or could be) used. It also contributes to levels of confidence in decision-making and supports a holistic approach to project design and implementation. Keywords: decision-making, geographic information system (GIS), spatial decision support systems (SDSS), spatial manipulation language (SML)
42
Lopes, Milton E. "Decision interaction processes and decision product quality: a comparative study of a group support system: CyberQuest™ and the nominal group technique." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38273.
Анотація:
This study's objective was to compare a Group Support System (GSS), i.e., CyberQuest, with the Nominal Group Technique (NGT). Its basic assumption was that discussion outcomes are enhanced by decision interaction processes, the quality of group facilitation, the intensity of group interaction, the effectiveness of the group meeting, and the level of group satisfaction.
The GSS of choice in the study was CyberQuest, which was developed at Virginia Tech by Professor John Dickey. Like most GSS, its purpose is to increase the effectiveness of individual and multiple decision makers. Unlike most GSS which for the most part feature various computerized problem solving tools, CyberQuest adds hypermedia hardware/software systems to stimulative and innovative group facilitation procedures and methodologies.
The unit of analysis was a group meeting. Eight groups of randomly selected Town officials and citizens were asked to develop policy recommendations that address the need to encourage the retention and growth of a mix of retail services in Blacksburg, Virginia. Four groups were exposed to CyberQuest. Four were not; instead they were exposed to a modified version of the NGT. Prior to the administration of the experiment, an expert panel was polled to determine the criteria by which the policy was to be judged.
The results of the experiment were not entirely favorable to CyberQuest sessions. There was no statistically significant difference between CyberQuest and NGT in decision product quality, quality of facilitation, or meeting effectiveness. Only group interaction and group satisfaction gave evidence of any statistically significant difference. There was sufficient evidence to conclude that the former was of greater intensity in CyberQuest driven sessions. On the other hand, there was evidence to conclude that the latter was greater in NGT driven sessions.Ph. D.
43
Lopes, Milton E. "Decision interaction processes and decision product quality : a comparative study of a group support system: CyberQuest (tm) and the nominal group technique /." This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-164528/.
44
Yang, Chun Chieh. "Evaluating online support for mobile phone selection : using properties and performance criteria to reduce information overload : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Information Science in Information Systems at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/844.
Анотація:
The mobile phone has been regarded as one of the most significant inventions in the field of communications and information technology over the past decade. Due to the rapid growth of mobile phone subscribers, hundreds of phone models have been introduced. Therefore, customers may find it difficult to select the most appropriate mobile phone because of information overload. The aim of this study is to investigate web support for customers who are selecting a mobile phone. Firstly, all the models of mobile phones in the New Zealand market were identified by visiting shops and local websites. Secondly, a list of all the features of these mobile phones was collated from local shops, websites and magazines. This list was categorised into mobile phone properties and performance criteria. An experiment then compared three different selection support methods: A (mobile phone catalogue), B (mobile phone property selection) and C (mobile phone property and performance criteria selection). The results of the experiment revealed that selection support methods B and C had higher overall satisfaction ratings than selection support method A; both methods B and C had similar satisfaction ratings. The results also suggested that males and females select their mobile phones differently, though there was no gender preference in selection support methods.
45
Engelbrecht, Judith Merrylyn. "Electronic clinical decision support (eCDS) in primary health care: a multiple case study of three New Zealand PHOs : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Information Systems at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1107.
Анотація:
Health care providers internationally are facing challenges surrounding the delivery of high quality, cost effective services. The use of integrated electronic information systems is seen by many people working in the health sector as a way to address some of the associated issues. In New Zealand the primary health care sector has been restructured to follow a population based care model and provides services through not-for-profit Primary Health Organisations (PHOs). PHOs, together with their District Health Boards (DHBs), contributing service providers, and local communities, are responsible for the care of their enrolled populations. The Ministry of Health (MoH) is streamlining information sharing in this environment through improvements to computer based information systems (IS). By providing health professionals with improved access to required information within an appropriate time frame, services can be targeted efficiently and effectively and patient health outcomes potentially improved. However, the adoption of IS in health care has been slower than in other industries. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of health care professionals’ attitudes to, and use of, available IS is currently needed to contribute to the development of appropriate systems. This research employs a multiple case study strategy to establish the usage of IS by three New Zealand PHOs and their member primary health care providers (PHPs), with a focus on the role of IS in clinical decision support (CDS). A mixed method approach including semi-structured interviews and postal surveys was used in the study. Firstly, the research develops and applies a survey tool based on an adaptation of an existing framework, for the study of IT sophistication in the organisations. This provides the foundation for an in-depth study of the use of computerised CDS (eCDS) in the PHO environment. Secondly, a conceptual model of eCDS utilisation is presented, illustrating the variation of eCDS use by member general practitioner (GP) practices within individual organisations. Thirdly, five areas of importance for improving eCDS utilisation within PHO’s are identified, contributing information of use to organisations, practitioners, planners, and systems developers. Lastly, the research provides a structure for the study of the domain of eCDS in PHOs by presenting a research approach and information specific for the area.
46
Chen, Minder. "The integration of organization and information system modeling: A metasystem approach to the generation of group decision support systems and computer-aided software engineering." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184471.
Анотація:
Information systems have become an essential part of every business organization's production and management process. It is critical to an enterprise to integrate its organization and information systems. However, the lack of computer-supported tools for modeling organization and information systems has put their integration far beyond our reach. In this research, a metasystem approach that can integrate organization and information system modeling by means of group decision support systems (GDSS) and computer-aided software engineering (CASE) has been proposed. A prototype system, called MetaPlex, has been designed and implemented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. The emphasis in design and implementation of MetaPlex has been on making the underlying knowledge representation expressive enough to meet modeling requirements and ensuring that the user interface is easy for managers and users to use. The use of a GDSS makes it possible to capture strategic assumptions and business objectives, as well as structures of an organization, from managers through face-to-face group meetings. The application of the metasystem concepts in generating GDSS tools makes the customization of a GDSS environment possible. Because of GDSS environment driven by a metasystem can be used to acquire information about a target system from multiple experts in a structured format that can be integrated with CASE tools, this approach provides a basis for a seamless integration of GDSS and CASE tools to support both organization and information system modeling.
47
Rathwell, M. A. "Distributed decision-making systems; the rationale for and development of non-hierarchial system for linking distributed decision support systems : Enabling cooperation between differentiated organisational groups using these systems." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371528.
48
Prince, Bradley Justin Cegielski Casey. "An exploration of the impact of speech recognition technologies on group efficiency and effectiveness during an electronic idea generation scenario." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/doctoral/PRINCE_BRADLEY_15.pdf.
49
Pasquini, Andrea de Moura Menezes. "Aprendizagem cooperativa mediada por computador." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18140/tde-28032017-155830/.
Анотація:
Aprendizagem cooperativa através de comunicação mediada por computador está se tornando acessível a um grande número de pessoas e, como parte integral do ambiente do aluno interligado a grupos, é uma área de importância para pesquisa e prática em educação. A pesquisa reportada neste estudo explora e descreve os efeitos da comunicação mediada por computador, evidenciando atividades cognitivas e cooperativas. A interação não presencial foi investigada com o suporte ferramenta computacional e Groups, tendo como domínio de aplicação as disciplinas SEP 5744 - Sistemas de Apoio à Decisão e SEM 210 - Análise de Sistemas II, do curso de Engenharia de Produção Mecânica da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos - USP. O estudo foi dirigido para métodos de pesquisas em análise qualitativa de conteúdo de comunicação, pois em aprendizagem cooperativa, interação verbal entre pares é o agente fundamental através do qual ocorre atividade cognitiva. A facilitação cognitiva interpessoal pode crescer como um elo essencial entre comportamento verbal em discussões de pares e a construção social do conhecimento.Cooperative learning through computer mediated communication is becoming accessible to greater number of people and, as a integral part of linked student\'s environment, is an emergent area of importance for researching and practice in education. The research reported in this study explores and describes the effects of Computer Mediated Communication evidencing cognitive and cooperative activities. The not presencial interaction was investigated with the support of eGroups computational tool, having as dominity of application the SEP 5744 -Decision Support Systems and SEM 210 - Systems Analysis II courses, of Production Mechanics Engineering Program. The study was directed to research methods involving the content\'s qualitative analysis of communication, since in cooperative learning, verbal interaction among peers is the fundamental agent through which cognitive activity occurs. Interpersonal cognitive facilitation may arise as an essential link between verbal behavior in peer\'s discussions and the social construction of knowledge.
50
Catledge, Lara D. "Supporting collaboration in early concept exploration : "a flock of fishes"." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17551.