Статті в журналах: "Decision gate"

1

Hsieh, Jyh-Tsung, San-Liang Lee, and Jingshown Wu. "All-Optical Decision Gate with an Adjustable Decision Threshold." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 41, Part 1, No. 12 (December 15, 2002): 7367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.41.7367.

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2

JOHANSSON, CHRISTIAN. "MANAGING UNCERTAINTY AND AMBIGUITY IN GATES: DECISION MAKING IN AEROSPACE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 11, no. 02 (March 25, 2014): 1450012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877014500126.

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This paper investigates decision making in the stage-gate process used by an aerospace manufacturer. More specifically, it focuses on the way decision makers deal with uncertainties and ambiguities when making decisions. The stage-gate model was found to be a discussion trigger — a boundary negotiating artefact — through which stakeholders bring issues to the table, reflect on uncertainties, and decide in what areas more knowledge is needed. Managers should be aware that the knowledge base might not always be perfect and should make use of the sensemaking capabilities of the stage-gate model and the gate meeting to mitigate and improve the knowledge base. This paper elaborates on formalized knowledge-based criteria so as to support this evaluation of the knowledge base.

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3

Chong, Edmund, and Athena Akrami. "Closing the gate to distractors during decision-making." Nature Neuroscience 24, no. 6 (April 19, 2021): 763–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00833-5.

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4

Wan, Meng, Zhan Feng Ying, and Jun Ji Wu. "An AFC System of Digital Scenic Areas Based on Decision Tree Classification." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 2907–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.2907.

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Ticket gate system was one of the key parts of AFC system of digital scenic areas. In order to raise the passing rate of ticket gate system, one kind of access rules based on decision tree classification was provided in this paper. According to the access rules, ticket gate system was divided into 4 areas and each area was equipped with 4 opposite-type laser photoelectric sensors. The system obtained sensors statuses and judged areas statuses using decision tree classification when an object passing the walkway. A comprehensive control command which could drive other apparatus such as voice prompt module and the LCD was given by the system. Structure and hardware of ticket gate system were also provided. Two experiments were conducted for testing the passing rate of the ticket gate system. The results prove that the access rules are effective.

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5

Coleman, Fred, and oung J. Moon. "Design of Gate Delay and Gate Interval Time for Four-Quadrant Gate System at Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1553, no. 1 (January 1996): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155300118.

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A design methodology for gate delay and gate interval time for at-grade crossings using four-quadrant gates is developed. The design approach is based on the concept of dilemma zones related to signal change intervals at signalized intersections. The design approach is validated based on data from six sites in Illinois on a proposed high-speed rail corridor. Gate delay and gate interval times are determined that provide an optimal safe decision point to allow a driver to stop before the crossing or to proceed through the crossing without becoming trapped by the exit gates.

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6

Finkelstein, Arseny, Lorenzo Fontolan, Michael N. Economo, Nuo Li, Sandro Romani, and Karel Svoboda. "Attractor dynamics gate cortical information flow during decision-making." Nature Neuroscience 24, no. 6 (April 19, 2021): 843–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00840-6.

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7

Hsieh, Chang-Lin, and Shen-Iuan Liu. "Decision Feedback Equalizers Using the Back-Gate Feedback Technique." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 58, no. 12 (December 2011): 897–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2011.2172520.

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8

Ubar, Raimund, Jaan Raik, Eero Ivask, and Marina Brik. "Defect-oriented mixed-level fault simulation in digital systems." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 15, no. 1 (2002): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee0201123u.

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A new method for mixed level defect-oriented fault simulation of Digital Systems represented with Decision Diagrams (DD) is proposed. We suppose that a register transfer level (RTL) information along with gate-level descriptions for RTL blocks are available. Decision diagrams (DDs) are exploited as a uniform model for describing circuits on both levels. The physical defects in the system are mapped to the logic level and are simulated on the mixed gate- and RT levels. The approach proposed allows to increase the accuracy of test quality estimation, and to reduce simulation cost in comparison to traditional gate-level fault simulation methods.

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9

Suntaranont, Benya, Somrawee Aramkul, Manop Kaewmoracharoen, and Paskorn Champrasert. "Water Irrigation Decision Support System for Practical Weir Adjustment Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Techniques." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (February 27, 2020): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051763.

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This research proposes a decision support system for weir sluice gate level adjusting. The proposed system, named AWARD (Appropriate Weir Adjustment with Water Requirement Deliberation), is composed of three modules, which are (1) water level prediction, (2) sluice gates setting period estimation, and (3) sluice gates level adjusting calculation. The AWARD system applies an artificial neural network technique for water level prediction, a fuzzy logic control algorithm for sluice gate setting period estimation, and hydraulics equations for sluice gate level adjusting. The water requirements and supplies are deducted from the field-survey and telemetry stations in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. The results show that the proposed system can accurately estimate the water volume. Water level prediction shows high accuracy. The standard error of prediction (SEP) is 2.58 cm and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 7.38%. The sluice gate setting period is practically adjusted. The sluice gate level is adjusted according to the water requirement.

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10

Servant, Mathieu, Gabriel Tillman, Jeffrey D. Schall, Gordon D. Logan, and Thomas J. Palmeri. "Neurally constrained modeling of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual search: gated accumulation of modulated evidence." Journal of Neurophysiology 121, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 1300–1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00507.2018.

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Stochastic accumulator models account for response times and errors in perceptual decision making by assuming a noisy accumulation of perceptual evidence to a threshold. Previously, we explained saccade visual search decision making by macaque monkeys with a stochastic multiaccumulator model in which accumulation was driven by a gated feed-forward integration to threshold of spike trains from visually responsive neurons in frontal eye field that signal stimulus salience. This neurally constrained model quantitatively accounted for response times and errors in visual search for a target among varying numbers of distractors and replicated the dynamics of presaccadic movement neurons hypothesized to instantiate evidence accumulation. This modeling framework suggested strategic control over gate or over threshold as two potential mechanisms to accomplish speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT). Here, we show that our gated accumulator model framework can account for visual search performance under SAT instructions observed in a milestone neurophysiological study of frontal eye field. This framework captured key elements of saccade search performance, through observed modulations of neural input, as well as flexible combinations of gate and threshold parameters necessary to explain differences in SAT strategy across monkeys. However, the trajectories of the model accumulators deviated from the dynamics of most presaccadic movement neurons. These findings demonstrate that traditional theoretical accounts of SAT are incomplete descriptions of the underlying neural adjustments that accomplish SAT, offer a novel mechanistic account of decision-making mechanisms during speed-accuracy tradeoff, and highlight questions regarding the identity of model and neural accumulators. NEW & NOTEWORTHY A gated accumulator model is used to elucidate neurocomputational mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff. Whereas canonical stochastic accumulators adjust strategy only through variation of an accumulation threshold, we demonstrate that strategic adjustments are accomplished by flexible combinations of both modulation of the evidence representation and adaptation of accumulator gate and threshold. The results indicate how model-based cognitive neuroscience can translate between abstract cognitive models of performance and neural mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff.

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11

Chong, Edmund, and Athena Akrami. "Publisher Correction: Closing the gate to distractors during decision-making." Nature Neuroscience 24, no. 6 (May 17, 2021): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00870-0.

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12

Jiang, Guang-Jun, Zong-Yuan Li, Guan Qiao, Hong-Xia Chen, Hai-Bin Li, and Hong-Hua Sun. "Reliability Analysis of Dynamic Fault Tree Based on Binary Decision Diagrams for Explosive Vehicle." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (April 9, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5559475.

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Dynamic fault tree is often used to analyze system reliability. The Markov model is a commonly used method, which can accurately reflect the relationship between the state transition process and the dynamic logic gate transfer in the dynamic fault tree. When the complexity or scale of system is increasing, the Markov model encountered a problem of state space explosion leading to increase troubles. To solve the above problems, a modular approach is needed. Based on the modular approach, a hybrid fault module was researched in this paper. Firstly, the stackable fault subtree containing complex static/dynamic logic gate is transformed into four common combinational logic gates through preprocessing of the dynamic gate in the module. Then, the complexity of the model was reduced by incorporating four common combinational logic gates and using the binary decision graph to solve variable ordering in the calculation of failure probability of static subtree. Moreover, the calculating process of complex mixed logic gate fault tree can be simplified. An example of the ammonium nitrate/fuel explosive production system for BCZH-15 explosive vehicle was used to verify the feasibility of the presented method.

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13

Liu, Jun-qiang, Ma-lan Zhang, Peng-chao Chen, Ji-wei Xie, and Hong-fu Zuo. "An Integrative Approach with Sequential Game to Real-Time Gate Assignment under CDM Mechanism." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/143501.

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This paper focuses on real-time airport gate assignment problem when small-scale or medium- to large-scale flight delays occur. Taking into account the collaborative decision making (CDM) of the airlines and the airport, as well as the interests of multiagent (airlines, airports, and passengers), especially those influenced by flight banks, slot assignment and gate assignment are integrated into mixed set programming (MSP), and a real-time gate assignment model is built and solved through MSP coupled with sequential game. By this approach, the delay costs of multiagent can be minimized simultaneously; the fuel consumption of each airline can be basically equalized; the computation time can be significantly saved by sequential game; most importantly, the collaboration of the airlines and the airport is achieved so that the transferring cost caused by the delay of flight banks can be decreased as much as possible. A case study on small-scale flight delays verifies that the proposed approach is economical, robust, timesaving, and collaborative. A comparison of the traditional staged method and the proposed approach under medium- to large-scale flight delays proves that the integrative method is much more economical and timesaving than the traditional staged method.

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14

Mazouz, Abdelkader, Loay Naji, and Yuanzhi Lyu. "Container – Terminal – Gate – System Optimization." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 33, no. 3 (April 28, 2017): 605–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v33i3.9949.

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The utility of the container terminal has become quite remarkable all over the world. It is vital to maximize the utility of the container yard and the terminal gate system. With the ever-increasing importance of containerization in the world, more than 60% of cargo is transported by containers, this ratio even reaches 100% in some highly economic developed and political stable places. It is estimated that, the total quantity of containerization in the world will increase by 10% every year before 2020. The aim of this work is to be used as a decision support system tool when designing and constructing container terminals. The article focuses on optimizing the staging of containers within a terminal gate system. A Port within the main Land China is being used as a test bed to demonstrate the Simulation Model based on Queuing Theory. The analysis considers both the facility and the setting of the terminal gate system by considering the Discrete Event System Theory and the terminal gate system in order to make the daily operation more suitable for the terminal. The research combines the computer simulation method and the actual complex discrete event system, and identifies the most suitable setting and the theoretical maximum capacity for the terminal. Normally, the usage ratio (the busy time) should be around 75%, the simulation findings, the channel performance measures indicators are the usage ratio and the average waiting time the proper number of channel is 3 for entrance channel, and 2 for exit channel with usage ratios of 74% and exit usage of 55%, allocating 3 Entrance Channel (gates) and 2 Exit Channels (gates). Both the entrance and exit saved 2 channels. Both the capacity and channel number calculation are treated as a reference for the future decision maker when it comes to the container terminal construction.

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15

Green, Jennifer P., Scott Tonidandel, and Jose M. Cortina. "Getting Through the Gate." Organizational Research Methods 19, no. 3 (February 22, 2016): 402–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094428116631417.

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16

Finkelstein, Arseny, Lorenzo Fontolan, Michael N. Economo, Nuo Li, Sandro Romani, and Karel Svoboda. "Publisher Correction: Attractor dynamics gate cortical information flow during decision-making." Nature Neuroscience 24, no. 6 (May 19, 2021): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-00869-7.

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17

Yanushkevich, Svetlana, Hong Tran, Golam Tangim, Vladimir Shmerko, Elena Zaitseva, and Vitaly Levashenko. "The EXOR gate under uncertainty: A case study." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 24, no. 3 (2011): 451–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1103451y.

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Probabilistic AND/EXOR networks have been defined, in the past, as a class of Reed-Muller circuits, which operate on random signals. In contemporary logic network design, it is classified as behavioral notation of probabilistic logic gates and networks. In this paper, we introduce additional notations of probabilistic AND/EXOR networks: belief propagation, stochastic, decision diagram, neuromorphic models, and Markov random field model. Probabilistic logic networks, and, in particular, probabilistic AND/EXOR networks, known as turbo-decoders (used in cell phones and iPhone) are in demand in the coding theory. Another example is intelligent decision support in banking and security applications. We argue that there are two types of probabilistic networks: traditional logic networks assuming random signals, and belief propagation networks. We propose the taxonomy for this design, and provide the results of experimental study. In addition, we show that in forthcoming technologies, in particular, molecular electronics, probabilistic computing is the platform for developing the devices and systems for low-power low-precise data processing.

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18

Frederick, Ginny M., Prabasaj Paul, Kathleen Bachtel Watson, Joan M. Dorn, and Janet Fulton. "Developing Point-of-Decision Prompts to Encourage Airport Walking: The Walk to Fly Study." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, no. 4 (April 2016): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0374.

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Background:Point-of-decision prompts may be appropriate to promote walking, instead of using a mechanized mode of transport, such as a train, in airports. To our knowledge, no current studies describe the development of messages for prompts in this setting.Methods:In-person interviews were conducted with 150 randomly selected airport travelers who rode the train to their departure gate. Travelers reported various reasons for riding the train to their gate. They were asked about messages that would encourage them to walk. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for reasons for riding the train. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted for messages to encourage walking to the departure gate.Results:Travelers reported not knowing walking was an option (23.8%), seeing others riding the train (14.4%), and being afraid of getting lost (9.2%) as reasons for riding the train. Many indicated that directional signs and prompts promoting walking as exercise would encourage them to walk instead of riding the train.Conclusions:Some reasons for riding the train in an airport may be modifiable by installing point-ofdecision prompts. Providing directional signs to travelers may prompt them to walk to their gate instead of riding the train. Similar prompts may also be considered in other community settings.

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19

Guclu, Orhan Ertugrul, and Cem Cetek. "Analysis of aircraft ground traffic flow and gate utilisation using a hybrid dynamic gate and taxiway assignment algorithm." Aeronautical Journal 121, no. 1240 (April 10, 2017): 721–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2017.20.

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ABSTRACTThe rapid increase in the demand for air transportation over the last four decades has led to serious capacity problems for both the airside and landside components of major airports. The efficient management of existing airside resources seems to be the most effective and practical approach to overcome these capacity and traffic flow problems. Although integrated management of aircraft parking position assignments and ground movement planning processes are vital for the effective use of resources and for efficient operations, the current practice is that these processes are handled separately by different agents. This study proposes a hybrid dynamic system, an integrated methodology of taxi path and gate assignment using a knowledge-based decision-making approach to model effectively time-variant and realistic operational features of aircraft gate management and route planning. The model assigns the most suitable parking positions with minimum taxi time and taxi delay among a reduced solution set, satisfying pre-defined decision criteria as well as monitoring ground movements and, if necessary, reassigning new taxi paths and parking positions in real time. Both the proposed integrated methodology and the separate gate assignment and ground management operations currently in use were implemented, analysed and compared in a fast-time simulation model of Istanbul Ataturk Airport (LTBA). The hybrid dynamic assignment model provided significant improvements in taxi times, ground delays and gate utilisation.

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20

Schuster, W. "Trajectory prediction for future air traffic management – complex manoeuvres and taxiing." Aeronautical Journal 119, no. 1212 (February 2015): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000010307.

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AbstractThe future air traffic management (ATM) concept envisaged by the Single European Sky ATM Research – SESAR – and the USA equivalent NextGen, mark a paradigm shift from the current reactive approach of ATM towards holistic strategic collaborative decision making. The core of the future ATM concept relies on common situational awareness over potentially large time-horizons, based upon the user operational intent. This is beyond human capabilities and requires the support of automation tools to predict aircraft state throughout the operation and provide support to optimal decision making long before any potential conflict may arise. This is achieved with trajectory predictors and conflict detectors and resolvers respectively. Numerous tools have been developed, typically geared towards addressing specific airborne applications. However, a comprehensive literature search suggests that none of the tools was designed to predict trajectories throughout the entire operation of an aircraft, i.e. gate-to-gate. Yet, such functionality is relevant in the holistic optimisation of aircraft operations. To address this gap, this paper builds on an existing en route trajectory prediction (TP) model and develops novel techniques to predict aircraft trajectories for the transitions between the ground- and enroute-phases of operation and for the ground-phase, thereby enabling gate-to-gate (or enroute -to-enroute) TP. The model is developed on the basis of Newtonian physics and operational procedures. Real recorded data obtained from a flight data record (FDR) were used to estimate some of the input parameters required by the model. The remaining parameters were taken from the BADA 3.7 model. Performance results using these flight data demonstrate that the proposed TP model has the potential to accurately predict gate-to-gate trajectories and to support future ATM applications such as gate-to-gate synchronisation.

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21

Ni, Haiyan, Jianping Hu, Xuqiang Zhang, and Haotian Zhu. "The Optimizations of Dual-Threshold Independent-Gate FinFETs and Low-Power Circuit Designs." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 07 (September 23, 2019): 2050114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620501145.

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In this paper, a method of optimizing dual-threshold independent-gate FinFET devices is discussed, and the optimal circuit design is carried out by using these optimized devices. Dual-threshold independent-gate FinFETs include low threshold devices and high threshold devices. The low threshold device is equivalent to two merging parallel short-gate devices and high threshold device is equivalent to two merging series SG devices. We optimize the device mainly by selecting the appropriate gate work function, gate oxide thickness, silicon body thickness and so on. Our optimization is based on the Berkeley BSIMIMG model and verified by TCAD tool. Based on these optimized devices, we designed the compact basic logic gates and two new compact D-type flip-flops. Additionally, we developed a circuit synthesis method based on Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) and the optimized compact basic logic gates. Hspice simulations show that the circuits using the proposed dual-threshold IG FinFETs have better performance than the circuits directly using the short-gate devices.

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22

Erdbrink, C. D., V. V. Krzhizhanovskaya, and P. M. A. Sloot. "Free-surface flow simulations for discharge-based operation of hydraulic structure gates." Journal of Hydroinformatics 16, no. 1 (August 5, 2013): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2013.215.

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We combine non-hydrostatic flow simulations of the free surface with a discharge model based on elementary gate flow equations for decision support in the operation of hydraulic structure gates. A water level-based gate control used in most of today's general practice does not take into account the fact that gate operation scenarios producing similar total discharged volumes and similar water levels may have different local flow characteristics. Accurate and timely prediction of local flow conditions around hydraulic gates is important for several aspects of structure management: ecology, scour, flow-induced gate vibrations and waterway navigation. The modelling approach is described and tested for a multi-gate sluice structure regulating discharge from a river to the sea. The number of opened gates is varied and the discharge is stabilized with automated control by varying gate openings. The free-surface model was validated for discharge showing a correlation coefficient of 0.994 compared to experimental data. Additionally, we show the analysis of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results for evaluating bed stability and gate vibrations.

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23

Li, Zhongjian, Miriam A. Rosenbaum, Arvind Venkataraman, Tsz Kin Tam, Evgeny Katz, and Largus T. Angenent. "Bacteria-based AND logic gate: a decision-making and self-powered biosensor." Chemical Communications 47, no. 11 (2011): 3060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0cc05037g.

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24

Kent, Cynthia Stevens. "Daubert Readiness of Texas Judiciary: A Study of the Qualifications, Experience, and Capacity of the Members of the Texas Judiciary to Determine the Admissibility of Expert Testimony Under the Daubert, Kelly, Robinson, and Havner Tests." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 6, no. 1 (October 1999): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v6.i1.1.

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This article will look at the results of a survey conducted among Texas judges regarding their background, experience, training, and confidence in performing this gate-keeping function. First, it is important to review the history of judicial decision-making as it applies to the admissibility of expert testimony. What have been the legal guidelines for admissibility and how has the recent case law changed those legal standards? Second, what did the survey of Texas judges tell us about their education and perceived ability to perform the gate-keeping role? Finally, what future issues does the judicial gate-keeping rule raise for experts, lawyers, and the judiciary itself?

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25

Chipman, Nick, and Rob Gray. "Oil and gas investment decision making—what's at risk?" APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11093.

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When considering oil and gas developments in Australia, it is worthwhile to consider what's at risk. This extended abstract considers oil and gas investment decision-making from a first-principles basis, introducing case studies and learnings from past projects. Additionally, investment decisions can examined from the following perspectives: Setting the mould—decisions crystalise risk; therefore, decision quality is paramount. How do investment decisions serve as expression of corporate risk appetite? What is observable at the time versus what may lay silent? Too big to fail—can the organisation withstand the risk profile of its chosen investment slate? Is the owner or joint-venture structure sufficiently resilient to undertake the set of activities in question (e.g. deep-water drilling or LNG project developments)? Management charge—leadership and management motivations may drive projects into risky territory; are the appropriate feedback mechanisms in place? Dealing with complexity—project execution plans, layers and sub-contracting require formal and informal communication and governance to ensure successful delivery. Has complexity been dealt with? Or does structure mask hidden risk? Addressing human factors—human interaction and project organisational structures may drive perverse outcomes. What allowance and process reviews and assures against human motivation and influence? This extended abstract frames investment decision-making and project execution using practical examples, and shows how investment-decision quality is a primary driver of shareholder wealth creation. This has implications for the stage-gate capital processes, governance structures, and investment review practices presently in place in the industry.

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STRUHARIK, RASTISLAV J. R., and LADISLAV A. NOVAK. "EVOLVING DECISION TREES IN HARDWARE." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 18, no. 06 (October 2009): 1033–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126609005526.

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This paper, according to the best of our knowledge, provides the very first solution to the hardware implementation of the complete decision tree inference algorithm. Evolving decision trees in hardware is motivated by a significant improvement in the evolution time compared to the time needed for software evolution and efficient use of decision trees in various embedded applications (robotic navigation systems, image processing systems, etc.), where run-time adaptive learning is of particular interest. Several architectures for the hardware evolution of single oblique or nonlinear decision trees and ensembles comprised from oblique or nonlinear decision trees are presented. Proposed architectures are suitable for the implementation using both Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). Results of experiments obtained using 29 datasets from the standard UCI Machine Learning Repository database suggest that the FPGA implementations offer significant improvement in inference time when compared with the traditional software implementations. In the case of single decision tree evolution, FPGA implementation of H_DTS2 architecture has on average 26 times shorter inference time when compared to the software implementation, whereas FPGA implementation of H_DTE2 architecture has on average 693 times shorter inference time than the software implementation.

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27

Du, Jinghan, Minghua Hu, Jianan Yin, and Weining Zhang. "Multi-Objective Gate Allocation Problem Based on Multi-Commodity Network Flow Model." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 9849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199849.

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Gate allocation has always been a fundamental but critical issue in the daily operation of airports, which is related to service quality and schedule efficiency. In order to obtain reasonable and efficient gate allocation results, in this paper, a multi-commodity network flow model is proposed to describe the gate allocation process in flight flow, based on which a multi-objective optimization model is constructed. It not only comprehensively considers the flight information of aircraft arrivals and departures, but also integrates the broader interests of passengers, airlines, and airports. To solve it, a linear weighting technique is applied. In addition, K-means cluster analysis is used to explore different weight combinations, and on this basis, the idle time of the gate is introduced as a performance evaluation index to guide the selection of the final weight. By analyzing the optimization results of actual operation data, the proposed model significantly balances the interests of multiple parties and the number of flights at each gate and has a relatively high gate-utilization rate. It can provide rich decision support and a reasonable allocation scheme for airport management to a certain extent.

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28

Fang, Tianyu, Yu Gu, Xiangli He, Xiaodong Liu, Yu Han, and Jian Chen. "Numerical Simulation of Gate Control for Unsteady Irrigation Flow to Improve Water Use Efficiency in Farming." Water 10, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10091196.

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In the case of irrigation, to implement the water distribution plan, the flow needs to be changed through the gate which leads to the occurrence of unavoidable unsteady flow. In order to improve the level of irrigation management, it is necessary to understand the changes taking place in the canal water flow during the process of water distribution. The de Saint-Venant equations were solved based on the method of characteristics and a model was built to simulate the unsteady flow in the channel of the Yintang irrigation district. Then, the obtained results were validated by the employed model. On the basis of simulation results, a model for the variations in the gate opening was established based on the theory of under-gate discharge. In this study, the simulation results, as established from the model, are very consistent with the simulation results of existing commercial software and a simple design for the operation was conducted from the adjustment of gate openings and multi-stage gate operation modes. Overall, the established gate control model built in this study is reliable, which provides a basis for the decision-making process for the relevant staff.

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Hardin, Marie. "Stopped at the Gate: Women's Sports, “Reader Interest,” and Decision Making by Editors." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 82, no. 1 (March 2005): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900508200105.

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Newspaper sports pages have been criticized for failure to incorporate women's sports equitably, although few studies have examined why editors consistently sideline women's sports. This survey of 285 sports editors in the southeastern United States explores gatekeeping factors that may affect coverage received by women's sports. Results show that many editors fail to systematically ascertain reader interests, many believe that female athletic potential is inferior to that of males, and some say they feel no commitment to hiring women or covering women's sports.

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30

Subedi, Sujata, Marwa M. Hassan, Qiandong Nie, Neveen S. Talaat Soliman, Kevin Gaspard, and Tyson Rupnow. "Decision-Making Tool for Incorporating Cradle-to-Gate Sustainability Measures into Pavement Design." Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 144, no. 4 (December 2018): 04018051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/jpeodx.0000082.

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31

Gao, Shun Li, Hong Yu Li, Yong Zheng Shi, Dan Ping Yan, and Rong Liu. "Discussion on the Structure of Low-Temperature Radiant Heater of Gate Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 700 (December 2014): 660–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.700.660.

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As the city develops radiady, the natural gas is widely used nealy in every filed of people’s lives. During the pressure regulation, the phenomenon of ice jam, which can affect the normal utilization, happens. Heater can be regarded as one of the most important measures that prevents pipe from freezing occurring due to temperature drop caused by pressure regulation. Low-temperature radiant heater with tight structure is specifically designed for gad gate station. The heat transfer process of the gate station is analyzed. In the meantime, the mathematical model of radiant heater, which could be fitted for the gate station, is erected. At the same time, the influence of heat exchange size, radiant panel size and radiant efficiency, brought by tube are discussed. The result shows that the tube type of radiant heater has a greatest performance. Considering the tubes with compact structure, taking tube type of radiant heater as the heater used in gate station is the optimal decision. The analysis combined in this paper is the foundation to choose the heater of gate station.

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32

STRUHARIK, RASTISLAV J. R., and LADISLAV A. NOVAK. "HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF DECISION TREE ENSEMBLES." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 22, no. 05 (May 9, 2013): 1350032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126613500321.

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In this paper, several hardware architectures for the realization of ensembles of axis-parallel, oblique and nonlinear decision trees (DTs) are presented. Hardware architectures for the implementation of a number of ensemble combination rules are also presented. These architectures are universal and can be used to combine predictions from any type of classifiers, such as decision trees, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs). Proposed architectures are suitable for the implementation using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC). Experiment results obtained using 29 datasets from the standard UCI Machine Learning Repository database suggest that the FPGA implementations offer significant improvement in the classification time in comparison with the traditional software implementations. Greatest improvement can be achieved using the SP2-P architecture implemented on the FPGA achieving 416.53 times faster classification speed on average, compared with the software implementation. This result has been achieved on the FPGA working at 135.51 MHz on average, which is 33.21 times slower than the operating frequency of the general purpose computer on which the software implementation has been executed.

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33

Liao, Jinlin, Feng Zhang, Shiwen Zhang, and Cheng Gong. "A Real-Time Train Timetable Rescheduling Method Based on Deep Learning for Metro Systems Energy Optimization under Random Disturbances." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (December 12, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8882554.

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Considering that uncertain dwell disturbances often occur at metro stations, researchers have proposed many methods for solving the train timetable rescheduling (TTR) problem. This paper proposes a Modified Genetic Algorithm-Gate Recurrent Unit (MGA-GRU) method, which is a real-time TTR method based on deep learning. The proposed method takes the Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) network as the decision network and uses the results produced by the Modified Genetic Algorithm (MGA) as the training set of the decision network. A well-trained decision network can provide effective solutions in real time after random disturbances occur, in order to optimize the net traction energy consumption of trains in metro systems. Based on the Shanghai Metro Line One (SML1) pilot network, this paper establishes a comprehensive model of the metro system as a training and testing environment to verify the energy-saving effect and real-time performance of the proposed method in solving the TTR problem. The experimental results show that in the two-train metro system, the three-train metro system, and the five-train metro system, the MGA-GRU method can save an average of energy by 4.45%, 6.16%, and 7.19%, while the average decision time is only 0.15 s, 0.27 s, and 0.33 s, respectively.

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34

Lu, Peng, Yabin Zhang, Bing Zhou, Hongpo Zhang, Liwei Chen, Yusong Lin, Xiaobo Mao, Yang Gao, and Hao Xi. "Identification of Arrhythmia by Using a Decision Tree and Gated Network Fusion Model." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2021 (May 29, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665357.

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In recent years, deep learning (DNN) based methods have made leapfrogging level breakthroughs in detecting cardiac arrhythmias as the cost effectiveness of arithmetic power, and data size has broken through the tipping point. However, the inability of these methods to provide a basis for modeling decisions limits clinicians’ confidence on such methods. In this paper, a Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) and decision tree fusion model, referred to as (T-GRU), was designed to explore the problem of arrhythmia recognition and to improve the credibility of deep learning methods. The fusion model multipathway processing time-frequency domain featured the introduction of decision tree probability analysis of frequency domain features, the regularization of GRU model parameters and weight control to improve the decision tree model output weights. The MIT-BIH arrhythmia database was used for validation. Results showed that the low-frequency band features dominated the model prediction. The fusion model had an accuracy of 98.31%, sensitivity of 96.85%, specificity of 98.81%, and precision of 96.73%, indicating its high reliability and clinical significance.

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35

Dorndorf, Ulrich, Florian Jaehn, and Erwin Pesch. "Flight gate scheduling with respect to a reference schedule." Annals of Operations Research 194, no. 1 (November 4, 2010): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10479-010-0809-8.

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36

Perng, Yeng-Horng, Sung-Lin Hsueh, and Min-Ren Yan. "EVALUATION OF HOUSING CONSTRUCTION STRATEGIES IN CHINA USING FUZZY‐LOGIC SYSTEM." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2005): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2005.9637538.

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There is a large demand for and a large profit potential in the Chinese housing market. However, foreign investors still suffer high risk because they are unfamiliar with the complexities of this enormous market. This paper presents the issues associated with housing sales in the People's Republic of China and the applications of Fuzzy Logic and Delphi Method to the prediction of sales performance in China's housing. Furthermore, the study presents the concept of an AND/OR logic gate based model, so that expert knowledge can be converted through computation into the needed rules for decision making related to housing sales performance prediction. The logic gate model is useful for ‘if‐then’ rule analysis, monitoring during the model building and amendment process, and in model maintenance in the later stages of its application. The aim of the described model is to provide a computer‐based decision support tool for foreign investors and contractors in evaluating beforehand the business feasibility of entering the Chinese housing market.

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37

Zhou, Wei, Sen Chen, WenHai Zou, Jing Yang, and Meng Wu. "Intelligent decision-making system for realizing the automatic control of Yangzhuang sluice based on the internet of things technology." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2187, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2187/1/012011.

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Abstract Yangzhuang sluice is located on the Gaoyou Lake control line of the Huaihe River into the Yangtze river and was built in May 1970. Due to the inherent insufficient design and historical reasons, Management Office has been using manual operation scheduling management of the sluice gate. The safety risks are large and the scheduling accuracy is not high. In order to further improve the comprehensive scheduling performance of sluice andenhance the scientific level of scheduling management, establish automatic control system, automatic control to realize power distribution system and gate, meet the requirements of “unattended, less people on duty”, and build sluice management system based on the Internet of Things system, realize the automatic monitoring and management of sluice, which is also the development demand of modern water conservancy.

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38

Yu, Li-Qiang, Dan Lu, and Ling-Juan Zhao. "All-Optical Decision Gate With Extinction Ratio Improved Scheme Using an SOA-DBR Laser." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 26, no. 21 (November 1, 2014): 2126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2014.2349274.

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39

Yan, Hong Bin, and Tie Ju Ma. "A Fuzzy Linguistic Go/No-Go Decision Model in New Product Development." Advanced Materials Research 544 (June 2012): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.544.121.

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New product development~(NPD) is a quite risky and uncertain process. In order to reduce the risks and uncertainties, the firms need to evaluate their new product at each step carefully and make accurate decisions. This paper focuses on uncertain go/no-go decisions in the NPD process. To do so, a probabilistic approach is firstly proposed to elicit a probability distribution of the gate-team's judgement. Secondly, a probabilistic approach is proposed to perform group and multicriteria aggregation with the random interpretation of group weights and criteria weights.

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40

Ghalayini, Latifa, and Sally Ziad Alkees. "Lebanese Investors’ Decision Making Analysis from Conventional and Behavioral Perspectives Simultaneously." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 13, no. 4(J) (September 4, 2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v13i4(j).3212.

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The investment decision Process varies from one individual to another and from one country to another respectively. These decisions are usually taken based on either a Conventional basis or linked to the sentimental side of investors and reflected through behavioral finance gateway, where biases and psychological side of investors control their way of thinking and affect their investment decisions endlessly. Furthermore, based on previous literature the majority of investors tend to incorporate both gateways during their investment process as they don’t depend solely on Conventional gate, but their psychological part appears to play a big role while deciding and similarly for Lebanon. However, the main aim of this paper lies in investigating the main factors from both gates triggering Lebanese individual investors’ decision-making during their investment process. Moreover, the empirical part lies on focusing on a bunch of samples from individual Lebanese investors distributed along with most Lebanese districts; where 211 complete responses are interpreted within the SPSS program, undergoing factor analyses and Regression models. Results obtained indicates that Lebanese individual investors tend to incorporate both gateways in their investments decision, where the main goal stays utility and profit maximization; that to say tending to seek profits regardless of the investment field and approach. Nevertheless, during seeking profits Lebanese investor is being exposed to certain behavioral errors and biases that appear to impact and control his decisions significantly during investment making the process so far, and theses biases are affecting the Lebanese individual investors clearly more than that of conventional ones.

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41

Nasution, Muhammad Ansori, Ayu Wulandari, Tofael Ahamed, and Ryozo Noguchi. "Alternative POME Treatment Technology in the Implementation of Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO), and Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Standards Using LCA and AHP Methods." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 18, 2020): 4101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104101.

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a major concern as open lagoon technology is not environment-friendly. Therefore, the palm oil industry refers to a roundtable on sustainable palm oil (RSPO), Indonesian sustainable palm oil (ISPO), and Malaysian sustainable palm oil (MSPO) standards for POME treatment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. An alternative POME treatment technology is the combination of open lagoon technology (COLT) with composting, biogas technology plus composting, biogas technology plus membrane, and biogas technology plus land application. The objective of this study is to analyze the life cycle assessment (LCA) result using a multi-criteria decision approach and to determine the implementation of POME treatment in the RSPO, ISPO, and MSPO standards. The LCA system boundary was considered from gate-to-gate and unit per ton of fresh fruit bunch as a functional unit. SimaPro® was used as the LCA analysis tool; Expert Choice® and Super Decision Software® were used to perform the analytic hierarchy process and analytic network process, respectively. In this study, COLT–Biogas plus composting technology had the maximum priority weight (0.470), according to the opinion of experts. The results could help palm oil mill decision-makers in choosing environment-friendly POME treatment technology.

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42

Nagy, Judit, Huyen Trang Do Thi, and Andras Jozsef Toth. "Life Cycle, PESTLE and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis of Membrane Contactor-Based Nitrogen Recovery Process." Membranes 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010087.

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Nitrogen is one of the most critical nutrients in the biosphere, and it is an essential nutrient for plant growth. Nitrogen exists in the atmosphere vastly as a gaseous form, but only reactive nitrogen is usable for plants. It is a valuable resource and worth recovering in the wastewater sector. The aim of this work was to prepare a comprehensive environmental analysis of a novel membrane contactor-based process, which is capable of highly efficient nitrogen removal from wastewater. Life cycle assessment (LCA), PESTLE and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) were applied to evaluate the process. The EF 3.0 method, preferred by the European Commission, IMPACT World+, ReCiPe 2016 and IPCC 2021 GWP100 methods were used with six different energy resources—electricity high voltage, solar, nuclear, heat and power and wind energy. The functional unit of 1 m3 of water product was considered as output and “gate-to-gate” analysis was examined. The results of our study show that renewable energy resources cause a significantly lower environmental load than traditional energy resources. TOPSIS score was used to evaluate the alternatives in the case of MCDA. For the EU region, the most advantageous option was found to be wind energy onshore with a score of 0.76, and the following, nuclear, was 0.70.

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43

TESCH, JAN F., ANNE-SOPHIE BRILLINGER, and DOMINIK BILGERI. "INTERNET OF THINGS BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION AND THE STAGE-GATE PROCESS: AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS." International Journal of Innovation Management 21, no. 05 (May 31, 2017): 1740002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919617400023.

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Large manufacturing companies will in future be continuously challenged to develop and implement new IoT-related business models. Existing research offers interesting insights on high-level stages of business model innovation (BMI) processes in general. However, only little is known about the presence of main gates in BMI processes and even less about the underlying decision criteria applied at these gates. To shed more light on this research field, 27 expert interviews with employees from eight companies across the IoT ecosystem were conducted. The expert interviews reveal that, despite the increasing popularity of (radically) new innovation approaches, two main decision points can be identified across BMI processes. These findings are a first explorative step towards a better understanding of IoT adoption and provide a starting point for interesting future research avenues.

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44

Boonsothonsatit, Kanda, Sami Kara, Suphunnika Ibbotson, and Berman Kayis. "Development of a Generic decision support system based on multi-Objective Optimisation for Green supply chain network design (GOOG)." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 26, no. 7 (September 7, 2015): 1069–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-10-2012-0102.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a Generic decision support system which is based on multi-Objective Optimisation for Green supply chain network design (GOOG). It aims to support decision makers to design their supply chain networks using three key objectives: the lowest cost and environmental impact and the shortest lead time by incorporating the decision maker’s inputs. Design/methodology/approach – GOOG aims to suggest the best-fitted parameters for supply chain partners and manufacturing plant locations, their order allocations, and appropriate transportation modes and lot-sizes for cradle-to-gate. It integrates Fuzzy Goal Programming and weighted max-min operator for trade-off conflicting objectives and overcome fuzziness in specifying target values of individual objectives. It is solved using exact algorithm and validated using an industrial case study. Findings – The comparative analysis between actual, three single-objective, and multi-objective decisions showed that GOOG is capable to optimising three objectives namely cost, lead time, and environmental impact. Research limitations/implications – Further, GOOG requires validation for different supply chain scenarios and manufacturing strategic decisions. It can improve by including multi-echelon supply chain networks, entire life cycle and relevant environmental legislations. Practical implications – GOOG helps the decision makers to configuring those supply chain parameters whilst minimising those three objectives. Social implications – Companies can use GOOG as a tool to strategically select their supply chain that reduces their footprint and stop rebound effect which imposes significant impact to the society. Originality/value – GOOG includes overlooked in the previous study in order to achieve the objectives set. It is flexible for the decision makers to change the relative weightings of the inputs for those contradicting objectives.

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45

Fang, Zhihao, Dongfeng Li, Yanfei Wang, Donghui Hu, and Zihao Li. "Zoning Study on the Influence of Sluice Operation on Flood Drainage of Plain River Network." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1011, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1011/1/012046.

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Abstract The drainage of river network in Yaobei plain is of great significance to the social and economic development of Yuyao and Ningbo. Linhai Pujiang gate and Taojia Road gate are two important gates for drainage of the river network in Yaobei plain. With the different time of opening the gate for dispatching, the water level reduction values of different towns, streets and communities in the river network are different. If the water level decline in the river network area is classified according to a certain way, the impact degree and impact range of sluice drainage on river network drainage can be studied, so as to classify and partition the impact of drainage according to the degree of impact, township streets can formulate different drainage countermeasures. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the impact of gate operation on river network drainage. In order to fully study the flood drainage function of the sea gate of Yaobei plain river network, based on the preliminary establishment and verification of the plane two-dimensional mathematical model of Yuyao plain river network, this paper calculates the changes of water level and velocity in different areas of towns and streets of Yuyao river network with time and region after the flood drainage operation of the gate for 7 hours under different conditions, according to the range of water level drop of 0.05m and different numerical ranges, this paper classifies the influence areas of large gate drainage on Yaobei river network drainage, and obtains seven partitions of the influence of large gate dispatching on Yaobei river network drainage. According to this partition, the regional river network drainage countermeasures are preliminarily analyzed, which provides a reference basis for the drainage decision-making of township streets.

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46

Rac-Lubashevsky, Rachel, and Michael J. Frank. "Analogous computations in working memory input, output and motor gating: Electrophysiological and computational modeling evidence." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): e1008971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008971.

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Adaptive cognitive-control involves a hierarchical cortico-striatal gating system that supports selective updating, maintenance, and retrieval of useful cognitive and motor information. Here, we developed a task that independently manipulates selective gating operations into working-memory (input gating), from working-memory (output gating), and of responses (motor gating) and tested the neural dynamics and computational principles that support them. Increases in gating demands, captured by gate switches, were expressed by distinct EEG correlates at each gating level that evolved dynamically in partially overlapping time windows. Further, categorical representations of specific maintained items and of motor responses could be decoded from EEG when the corresponding gate was switching, thereby linking gating operations to prioritization. Finally, gate switching at all levels was related to increases in the motor decision threshold as quantified by the drift diffusion model. Together these results support the notion that cognitive gating operations scaffold on top of mechanisms involved in motor gating.

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47

Theodoridis, G., S. Theoharis, D. Soudris, and C. Goutis. "A Probabilistic Power Estimation Method for Combinational Circuits Under Real Gate Delay Model." VLSI Design 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2001/12026.

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Our aim is the development of a novel probabilistic method to estimate the power consumption of a combinational circuit under real gate delay model handling temporal, structural and input pattern dependencies. The chosen gate delay model allows handling both the functional and spurious transitions. It is proved that the switching activity evaluation problem assuming real gate delay model is reduced to the zero delay switching activity evaluation problem at specific time instances. A modified Boolean function, which describes the logic behavior of a signal at any time instance, including time parameter is introduced. Moreover, a mathematical model based on Markov stochastic processes, which describes the temporal and spatial correlation in terms of the associated zero delay based parameters is presented. Based on the mathematical model and considering the modified Boolean function, a new algorithm to evaluate the switching activity at specific time instances using Ordering Binary Decision Diagrams (OBBDs) is also presented. Comparative study of benchmark circuits demonstrates the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.

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48

Liang, Bingjie, Yongliang Li, Jun Bi, Cong Ding, and Xiaomei Zhao. "An Improved Adaptive Parallel Genetic Algorithm for the Airport Gate Assignment Problem." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (December 17, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8880390.

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Gate assignment problem (GAP) is the core issue of airport operation management. However, the limited resources of airport gates and the increase of flight scale result in serious problems for gate allocation. In this paper, to provide decision-making support for large-scale GAPs, a model based on gate assignment rules (e.g., flight type constraints, safe time interval constraints, and adjacency conflict constraints) is built to formulate the problem. An improved adaptive parallel genetic algorithm (APGA) is then designed to solve the model. The algorithm is effective because it introduces the idea of elite strategy and parallel design and can adaptively adjust the crossover probability. Moreover, different instances are presented to demonstrate the proposed algorithm. The calculation results of this algorithm are compared with those of standard genetic algorithm and CPLEX, which show that the proposed algorithm has better performance and takes a shorter computational time. In addition, we verify the stability and practicability of the algorithm by repeated experiments on large-scale flight data.

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49

Enokela, JA, and KL Oladejo. "AN AUTOMATED RAILWAY STATION TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM." Nigerian Journal of Technology 36, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.18.

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Majority of accidents experienced with railway transportation involve collision with automobiles or other vehicles and collision with other trains. These collisions can be averted by putting safety measures in place. Part of the measures can be achieved by using computerized railway station traffic control systems that use microcontrollers and electromechanical devices to shift traffic from one rail lane to another and also to operate the level crossing gate. The two major stages of the system being described here are thus the track switching stage and the level crossing gate stage. The system makes use of microcontrollers for decision making. The microcontrollers are programmed to detect signals from sensors and to output the processed signals to control electromagnetic devices through motor drivers. The codes for the microcontrollers were written in PIC Basic programming language and were debugged and compiled using Micro Code Studio Integrated Development Environment. The resultant Hex files were programmed into the memory of the microcontrollers with the aid of a universal programmer. Software simulation was carried out using the Proteus virtual system modeling software. A scaled down prototype of the system was built and tested. The prototype was able to execute all the decisions required to control the given railway station. A practical real life system would require the scaling up of the power required to drive the various motors; the logic of the system would however remain unchanged. The inclusion of the automated traffic control lighting system at the level crossing gate in the system eliminates the fatigue and tedium associated with a manually controlled traffic system. The computerized railway station traffic control system which helps in track switching and level crossing gate traffic control is capable of improving reliability, speed, operational safety and efficiency of the railway transportation system.

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50

Willis, Anne, Deena R. Loeffler, and Mandi Pratt-Chapman. "Building an oncology community of practice." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.3_suppl.47.

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47 Background: Oncology patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) helps stakeholders, including patients, clinicians and policymakers, make decisions about care; yet, research findings may take years to be put into practice. With the increasing availability of survivorship PCOR, better methods are needed to disseminate and implement findings quickly and effectively. Engaging multiple stakeholders is essential to meet this need, and Communities of Practice (CoP) are effective in increasing collaboration across organizations and stakeholders. Methods: The George Washington University (GW) Cancer Institute created a CoP as a knowledge management approach to break down professional and organizational barriers, support learning for people new to the field and facilitate collaboration within and across organizations. The goal of the CoP is to create stronger links across researchers, healthcare professionals and patients by facilitating the sharing of survivorship information and resources. These linkages will result in enhanced dissemination of evidence-based practices. Results: The CoP is housed within the Generation and Translation of Evidence (GATE) website. The site features user-generated content, including descriptions of research findings and evidence-based interventions to succinctly provide information for a variety of stakeholders to guide decision-making as well as descriptions of best practices and lessons learned to capture practice-based efforts that can drive research. GATE features a question-and-answer bank with evidence-based responses by survivorship experts. The CoP includes Ask the Expert sessions to provide researchers an opportunity to interact with clinicians and patients to guide research dissemination. It also includes Special Interest Groups for researchers to create collaborations and advance research agendas. An e-newsletter highlights new GATE content and opportunities to collaborate. Conclusions: There is a clear need to better disseminate and implement survivorship PCOR evidence to improve cancer care delivery. The GATE website will aid in more rapid implementation of survivorship PCOR evidence into clinical practice and foster collaborative dissemination and implementation efforts.

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