Дисертації з теми "Data work"
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1
Carrick, Grady Thomas. "Data collection needs for work zone incidents." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015618.
2
Yarbrough, Walthea V. "Postural data incorporated into traditional work measurement." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-164306/.
3
Emenike, Stanley Ugochukwu. "Data loss prevention in a remote work environment." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20203.
Анотація:
Data is one of the most valuable organizational assets that are susceptible to compromise when appropriate security measures are not in place. Preventing data loss is a dynamic and ongoing process that requires frequent effort and investment from organizations. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the risk to organizational data (i.e., data loss) due to the increase in remote work taking over the business landscape. In seeking answers to the research question, the study applies thematic analysis in analyzing qualitative data from the interview of 6 respondents with over 5 years of information security experience. The analysis identified four themes (threats, risk, security incident and security posture) that are relevant in answering the research questions. The findings show that there was an increase in phishing, malware and DOS attack against the organisation information assets since the inception of the global pandemic which has led to data loss and affected the organization’s competitive advantage and reputation. Also, the security posture before the pandemic was not effective in dealing with the increase in cyber attacks during the pandemic. The pandemic has led organizations to reassess their security posture to identify areas that need to be strengthened. The challenge in achieving an effective security posture is the attack surface is expanding and changing rapidly as well as the insufficient resources available (both human and financial). The organisation reassessed their security posture to identify gaps that need to be addressed. Employee training and awareness need to be done more frequently as well as implementing different technical security measures. Also, policies and procedures are implemented that outlines the acceptable use and management of the organization information assets.
4
Amado, Vanessa. "Knowledge discovery and data mining from freeway section traffic data." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5591.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on June 8, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
5
Hakky, Rafee. "A computer program for calculating and teaching earth work." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/508052.
Анотація:
This creative project was a research effort in order to develop a computer program which could be of assistance to students learning the design process and the calculation of earth work cut and fill volumes. Two programs which calculate cut and fill volumes were analyzed. The first by Mark Lindult: 1980, and the second by E. Bruce MacDougal: 1981. Points of weakness were carefully studied and taken into consideration while developing the CATE program.CATE program (Calculating And Teaching Earth Work) has two major purposes. The first is to teach the grid method for calculating earth work. The second is to calculate cut and fill volumes using this method. It presents accurate results especially in basement and walls studies. The program is designed to be used by students who have no background in computers. The program has been tested twice to prove its abilities in teaching and calculating earth work.Department of Landscape Architecture
6
Wong, C. W., and 王振威. "An adaptive information retrieval environment for collaborative architectural design work." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45015089.
7
Frear, Susan W. "A Construct Validity Analysis of the Work Perceptions Profile Data." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799499/.
Анотація:
As work environments become more complex and demanding, organizations are becoming more interested in measuring the impact of their human resource development programs and initiatives. With this increased attention on data and measurement, human resource professionals have been encouraged to utilize data collection and data analysis techniques to make more objective and rationale human capital decisions and to verify business impact. As a result, the human resource profession has seen a significant increase in the use of surveys to measure anything from training effectiveness to the efficacy of recruitment procedures. The increase in the use of survey instruments requires that more focused attention is placed on the reliability and validity of data from any instrument used to make important human resource and business decisions. One instrument that is currently being used to measure career plateaus and job fit is the Work Perceptions Profile. The purpose of this research study was to conduct a construct validity analysis of the Work Perceptions Profile data and to determine the factor structure of data from its items. The data in this analysis supported a two-factor model structure with the first factor measuring Work Characteristics and a second factor measuring Performance. The results of this analysis will be helpful in exploring further how employees perceive their work place, their careers and their relationships with others within the organization.
8
Ortiz, Logan A. "Highway work zone capacity estimation using field data from Kansas." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18224.
Анотація:
Master of ScienceDepartment of Civil Engineering
Sunanda Dissanayake
Although extensive research has been conducted on urban freeway capacity estimation methods, minimal research has been carried out for rural highway sections, especially sections within work zones. This study filled that void for rural highways in Kansas. This study estimated capacity of rural highway work zones in Kansas. Six work zone locations were selected. An average of six days’ worth of field data was collected, from mid-October 2013 to late November 2013, at each of these work zone sites. Two capacity estimation methods were utilized, including the Maximum Observed 15-minute Flow Rate Method and the Platooning Method divided into 15-minute intervals. The Maximum Observed 15-minute Flow Rate Method provided an average capacity of 1469 passenger cars per hour per lane (pcphpl) with a standard deviation of 141 pcphpl, while the Platooning Method provided a maximum average capacity of 1195 pcphpl and a standard deviation of 28 pcphpl. Based on observed data and analysis carried out in this study, the recommended capacity to be used is 1500 pcphpl when designing work zones for rural highways in Kansas. This research provides the proposed standard value of rural highway work zone capacities so engineers and city planners can effectively mitigate congestion that would have otherwise occurred due to impeding construction/maintenance.
9
Snowdon, Jane Louise. "Workflow control for surges from a batch work station." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25100.
10
Aman, Carolyn J. "The devaluation of women's work: Analysis of national and experimental data." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289050.
Анотація:
Different explanations have been given for the sex gap in pay between male and female occupations. Comparable worth proponents argue predominantly female occupations pay less than comparable male occupations because of their sex composition, that occupations' sex composition affects their wages. In contrast, Reskin and Roos (1990) and Strober (1984) argue the correspondence between occupational sex composition and wages is due to employers' preferences for male workers. Given first choice of occupations, males choose the better compensated occupations, which results in a causal effect of occupational wages on sex composition. Despite these opposing causal claims, few studies have attempted to ascertain the causal order between occupational sex composition and wages. This research focuses on the relationship between occupational sex composition and wages during the 1980s. Consistent with causal assumption of comparable worth proponents, analyses of Current Population Survey data (Study 1) support a causal effect of occupational sex composition on wages. Study 1 demonstrates that sex composition has a linear effect on wages for females and a nonlinear effect on wages for males. For both males and females, sex composition has a negative effect on wages over the entire range of sex composition. Study 2 revisits the causality question using 1980 and 1990 Census data, supplemented by additional controls from other data sets and finds a nonlinear effect of occupational sex composition on wages for females, but not for males. A negative effect of wages on sex composition was not found in any of the models. These results suggest that males may be less susceptible to the negative effects of sex composition than females. Study III uses an experimental study to determine if a "devaluation by association process" accounts for the lower wages of female occupations. The study found males but not females engage in a devaluation by association process, but neither males nor females devalue occupations based on their association with women. This may be indicative of a decline in the importance of sex as a diffuse status characteristic. The combined results of these studies suggest cautious optimism as far as reducing the sex gap in pay is concerned.
11
Eklöf, Patrik. "Implementing Confidence-based Work Stealing Search in Gecode." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154475.
Анотація:
Constraint programming is a field whose goal is to solve extremely large problems with a set of restrictions that define the problem. One such example is generating CPU instructions from source code, because a compiler must choose the optimal instructions that best matches the source code, schedule them optimally to minimize the amount of time it takes to execute the instructions and possibly at the same time also minimize power consumption. The difficulty of the problem lies in that there is no single good way to approach the problem since all parameters are so dependent on each other. For example, if the compiler chooses to minimize the amount of instructions, it usually ends up with large instructions which are big and complex and minimizes the amount of power used. However, they are also more difficult to schedule in an efficient manner in order to reduce the runtime. Choosing many smaller instructions gives more flexibility in scheduling, but draws more power. The compiler must also take caches into account in order to minimize misses which costs power and slows down the execution, making the whole problem even more complex. To find the best solution to such problems, one must typically explore every single possibility and measure which one is fastest. This creates a huge amount of possible solutions which takes a tremendous amount of time to explore to find a solution that meets the requirements (often finding the “optimal” solution). Typically, these problems are abstracted into search trees where they are explored using different techniques. Typically, there are two different ways to parallelize the exploration of search trees. These methods are coarse grained parallel search, which splits exploration into several threads as far up in the tree as possible, near the root, and fine grained parallel search which splits up the work as far down the search tree as possible so that each thread gets only a small subtree to explore. Coarse grained search has the advantage that it can achieve super-linear speedup if the solution is not in the leftmost subtree; otherwise, it wastes all work (compared to DFS). Fine grained search has the advantage that it always achieves linear speedup, but can never achieve super-linear speedup. An interesting way of search known as confidence-based search combines these two approaches. It works by having a set of probabilities for each branch provided by the user (called a confidence model); search method takes the help of probabilities as a guide for how many resources it should spend to explore different subtrees (e.g. if there are 10 threads and a probability of 0.8 that there is a solution in a subtree, the search method sends 8 threads for exploring that subtree; an alternative of looking at the problem is that the search method spends 80% of its resources to explore that subtree and spends the remaining 20% to exploring the rest of the subtrees). As the search method finds failed nodes, it updates the probabilities by taking into account that it is less probable that there is a solution in a subtree where there are more failed nodes. Periodically, the algorithm also restarts, and when it does, it uses the updated probabilities as a guide for where to look for solutions. This thesis took upon the goal of creating such a search for a constraint-based framework called Gecode from scratch. The resulting engine had a lot of potential, and while not perfect, it showed clear signs of super linear speedup for some problems tested with naïve confidence models.
12
Dvořáková, Michaela. "Motivace a spokojenost zaměstnanců společnosti Tech-Data, s.r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125070.
Анотація:
This thesis deals with an analysis of motivation and satisfaction of employees in the international company Tech Data and it is mainly based on the results of annual questionnaire survey the aim of which is to find out how its employees are satisfied in four areas. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and practical part describing theoretical bases for motivation and satisfaction at work, remuneration and education of employees. The sources of motivation and satisfaction provided by the company Tech Data, including the analysis of results of staff survey not only in the Czech republic but in the whole Europe, are then summed up. Finally the thesis consists of an evaluation of the current situation in the company Tech Data along with some proposed measures to improve staff motivation and satisfaction.
13
Young, Beth Aronstamm. "District Data Personnel Perspectives on the Federal Data Collection and Reporting Process and How They Inform Their Work." Thesis, George Mason University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10837472.
Анотація:
Data that follow students over time are not only important but necessary at all levels of education to make accurate policy and funding decisions. Districts have personnel responsible for collecting data from their schools and then reporting the data to the state. Using critical realism as the frame, a multiple case study was conducted to develop an understanding of how perspective and context influence actions of the district data personnel responsible for collecting and reporting data, provide those personnel with a voice, and contribute to the improvement of the federal reporting processes.
A review of the literature offers several points of reference for understanding this work. Researchers found that barriers to district data use do not tend to be technical issues, but human, state support of districts improves data use, and individuals bring their own context and understanding into any process in which they participate.
Four case studies of school districts in Virginia with exemplary data reporting were used in this research. Data were collected through interviews with district data personnel. All cases had data audit processes that were followed and documented, and all had distinct philosophies surrounding data in their districts, however, there was not a one size fits all organizational context or process. Challenges to state reporting included conflicting priorities of the school data personnel and lack of district data personnel. Recommendations include states support of communities of practice among school districts and federal funding support for school and district data collection and reporting.
14
Nilsson, Maria. "Differences and similarities in work absence behavior : - empirical evidence from micro data." Doctoral thesis, Växjö universitet, Ekonomihögskolan, EHV, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-626.
Анотація:
This thesis consists of three self-contained essays about absenteeism. Essay I analyzes if the design of the insurance system affects work absence, i.e. the classic insurance problem of moral hazard. Several reforms of the sickness insurance system were implemented during the period 1991-1996. Using Negative binomial models with fixed effects, the analysis show that both workers and employers changed their behavior due to the reforms. We also find that the extent of moral hazard varies depending on work contract structures. The reforms reducing the compensation levels decreased workers’ absence, both the number of absent days and the number of absence spells. The reform in 1992, introducing sick pay paid by the employers, also decreased absence levels, which probably can be explained by changes in personnel policy such as increased use of monitoring and screening of workers. Essay II examines the background to gender differences in work absence. Women are found, as in many earlier studies, to have higher absence levels than men. Our analysis, using finite mixture models, reveals that there are a group of women, comprised of about 41% of the women in our sample, that have a high average demand of absence. Among men, the high demand group is smaller consisting of about 36% of the male sample. The absence behavior differs as much between groups within gender as it does between men and women. The access to panel data covering the period 1971-1991 enables an analysis of the increased gender gap over time. Our analysis shows that the increased gender gap can be attributed to changes in behavior rather than in observable characteristics. Essay III analyzes the difference in work absence between natives and immigrants. Immigrants are found to have higher absence than natives when measured as the number of absent days. For the number of absence spells, the pattern for immigrants and natives is about the same. The analysis, using panel data and count data models, show that natives and immigrants have different characteristics concerning family situation, work conditions and health. We also find that natives and immigrants respond differently to these characteristics. We find, for example, that the absence of natives and immigrants are differently related to both economic incentives and work environment. Finally, our analysis shows that differences in work conditions and work environment only can explain a minor part of the ethnic differences in absence during the 1980’s.
15
Liew, Chee Sun. "Optimisation of the enactment of fine-grained distributed data-intensive work flows." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7718.
Анотація:
The emergence of data-intensive science as the fourth science paradigm has posed a data deluge challenge for enacting scientific work-flows. The scientific community is facing an imminent flood of data from the next generation of experiments and simulations, besides dealing with the heterogeneity and complexity of data, applications and execution environments. New scientific work-flows involve execution on distributed and heterogeneous computing resources across organisational and geographical boundaries, processing gigabytes of live data streams and petabytes of archived and simulation data, in various formats and from multiple sources. Managing the enactment of such work-flows not only requires larger storage space and faster machines, but the capability to support scalability and diversity of the users, applications, data, computing resources and the enactment technologies. We argue that the enactment process can be made efficient using optimisation techniques in an appropriate architecture. This architecture should support the creation of diversified applications and their enactment on diversified execution environments, with a standard interface, i.e. a work-flow language. The work-flow language should be both human readable and suitable for communication between the enactment environments. The data-streaming model central to this architecture provides a scalable approach to large-scale data exploitation. Data-flow between computational elements in the scientific work-flow is implemented as streams. To cope with the exploratory nature of scientific work-flows, the architecture should support fast work-flow prototyping, and the re-use of work-flows and work-flow components. Above all, the enactment process should be easily repeated and automated. In this thesis, we present a candidate data-intensive architecture that includes an intermediate work-flow language, named DISPEL. We create a new fine-grained measurement framework to capture performance-related data during enactments, and design a performance database to organise them systematically. We propose a new enactment strategy to demonstrate that optimisation of data-streaming work-flows can be automated by exploiting performance data gathered during previous enactments.
16
Riehs, Daniel. "Make Your Data Work for You: True Stories of People and Technology." Thesis, Boston College, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/422.
Анотація:
Thesis advisor: Alan LawsonTechnology should enhance the human experience. Instead, it often alienates people from aspects of life that are considered most important. Artists are separated from their works, friends are separated from each other, and human ingenuity is filtered though computers before it can impact the world. These five short stories focus mainly on alienations inherent to communications and media technology, but also touch on database management and copyright concerns. Some take place in the present day; others present views of the future. All five stories use fiction to explore the truth of humanity's absurd relationship to technology
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2006
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
17
Lam, Patrick. "A General Work for the Flow Analysis of Concurrent Programs." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71569.
Анотація:
Standard techniques for analysing sequential programs are severely constrained when applied to a concurrent program because they cannot take full advantage of the concurrent structure of the program. In this work, we overcome this limitation using a novel approach which ``lifts'' a sequential dataflow analysis to a concurrent analysis. First, we introduce concurrency primitives which abstract away from the details of how concurrency features are implemented in real programming languages. Using these primitives, we describe how sequential analyses can be made applicable to concurrent programs. Under some circumstances, there is no penalty for concurrency: our method produces results which are as precise as the sequential analysis. Our lifting is straightforward, and we illustrate it on some standard analyses -- available expressions, live variables and generalized constant propagation. Finally, we describe how concurrency features of real languages can be expressed using our abstract concurrency primitives, and present analyses for finding our concurrency primitives in real programs.
18
Tam, Choi-yuk. "Teleworking and work efficiency in Hong Kong : a case study approach /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575989.
19
Andrén, Daniela. "Work, sickness, earnings, and early exits from the labor market : an empirical analysis using Swedish longitudinal data /." Göteborg : Nationalekonomiska institutionen, Univ, 2001. http://www.handels.gu.se/epc/data/html/html/1911.html.
20
Choudhury, Sabyasachy. "Hierarchical Data Structures for Pattern Recognition." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 1987. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/74.
Анотація:
Pattern recognition is an important area with potential applications in computer vision, Speech understanding, knowledge engineering, bio-medical data classification, earth sciences, life sciences, economics, psychology, linguistics, etc. Clustering is an unsupervised classification process corning under the area of pattern recognition. There are two types of clustering approaches:
1) Non-hierarchical methods 2) Hierarchical methods. Non-hierarchical algorithms are iterative in nature and. perform well in the context of isotropic clusters. Time-complexity of these algorithms is order of (0 (n) ) and above, Hierarchical agglomerative algorithms, on the other hand, are effective when clusters are non-isotropic. The single linkage method of hierarchical category produces a dendrogram which corresponds to the minimal spanning tree, conventional approaches are time consuming requiring O (n2 ) computational time.
In this thesis we propose an intelligent partitioning scheme for generating the minimal spanning tree in the co-ordinate space. This is computationally elegant as it avoids the computation of similarity between many pairs of samples me minimal spanning tree generated can be used to produce C disjoint clusters by breaking the (C-1) longest edges in the tree.
A systolic architecture has been proposed to increase the speed of the algorithm further. Simulation study has been conducted and the corresponding results are reported. The simulation package has been developed on DEC-1090 in Pascal. It is observed based on the simulation study that the parallel implementation reduces the time enormously. The number of processors required for the parallel implementation is a constant making the approach more attractive.
Texture analysis and synthesis has been extensively studied in the context of computer vision, Two important approaches which have been studied extensively by researchers earlier are statistical and structural approaches, Texture is understood to be a periodic pattern with primitive sub patterns repeating in a particular fashion. This has been used to characterize texture with the help of the hierarchical data structure, tree. It is convenient to use a tree data structure as, along with the operations like merging, splitting, deleting a node, adding a node, etc, .it would be useful to handle a periodic pattern. Various functions like angular second moment, correlation etc, which are used to characterize texture have been translated into the new language of hierarchical data structure.
21
Choudhury, Sabyasachy. "Hierarchical Data Structures for Pattern Recognition." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/74.
Анотація:
Pattern recognition is an important area with potential applications in computer vision, Speech understanding, knowledge engineering, bio-medical data classification, earth sciences, life sciences, economics, psychology, linguistics, etc. Clustering is an unsupervised classification process corning under the area of pattern recognition. There are two types of clustering approaches:
1) Non-hierarchical methods 2) Hierarchical methods. Non-hierarchical algorithms are iterative in nature and. perform well in the context of isotropic clusters. Time-complexity of these algorithms is order of (0 (n) ) and above, Hierarchical agglomerative algorithms, on the other hand, are effective when clusters are non-isotropic. The single linkage method of hierarchical category produces a dendrogram which corresponds to the minimal spanning tree, conventional approaches are time consuming requiring O (n2 ) computational time.
In this thesis we propose an intelligent partitioning scheme for generating the minimal spanning tree in the co-ordinate space. This is computationally elegant as it avoids the computation of similarity between many pairs of samples me minimal spanning tree generated can be used to produce C disjoint clusters by breaking the (C-1) longest edges in the tree.
A systolic architecture has been proposed to increase the speed of the algorithm further. Simulation study has been conducted and the corresponding results are reported. The simulation package has been developed on DEC-1090 in Pascal. It is observed based on the simulation study that the parallel implementation reduces the time enormously. The number of processors required for the parallel implementation is a constant making the approach more attractive.
Texture analysis and synthesis has been extensively studied in the context of computer vision, Two important approaches which have been studied extensively by researchers earlier are statistical and structural approaches, Texture is understood to be a periodic pattern with primitive sub patterns repeating in a particular fashion. This has been used to characterize texture with the help of the hierarchical data structure, tree. It is convenient to use a tree data structure as, along with the operations like merging, splitting, deleting a node, adding a node, etc, .it would be useful to handle a periodic pattern. Various functions like angular second moment, correlation etc, which are used to characterize texture have been translated into the new language of hierarchical data structure.
22
Garibay, Erika. "PTSD symptom expression in Latina sexual assault survivors| An analysis of secondary data." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10260732.
Анотація:
Because the Latino population is the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States and because sexual assault is a common crime, it is important to understand the mental health implications on sexually assaulted Latinas. A quantitative study on secondary data explored PTSD and depression symptoms in a sample of Latina sexual assault survivors.
Data from 79 Latina sexual assault survivors who received psychotherapy revealed that after six sessions they no longer met criteria for PTSD. Furthermore, after 6 sessions their depression rates also decreased. Latina sexual assault survivors benefit from brief treatment.
Findings in this study may help educate the Latino community on the importance of mental health services after traumatic sexual experiences.
23
Pinzke, Stefan. "Towards the good work : methods for studying working postures to prevent musculoskeletal disorders with farming as refererence work /." Alnarp : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5471-9.pdf.
24
Bashkoff, Jessica (Jessica Leigh). "Reducing reworkable discrepancies through standard work for writing inspection instructions and data distribution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80990.
Анотація:
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-83).
Each aircraft on the final assembly line inevitably has minor build errors and deviations from the intended design. Errors, like these, that can be corrected on the line are called reworkable discrepancies. Because hundreds of reworkable discrepancies can occur on each aircraft it is a huge opportunity for improvement and cost reduction. It would be impossible to analyze each one that occurs on the line. However, last year at X Aerospace another researcher created a tool to categorize discrepancies by key words based on free form text describing them. Root cause analysis and corrective action teams were put in place for the highest driving discrepancies but a more exhaustive analysis was not conducted. In this research, to continue the root cause analysis, and gain a more detailed understanding of why discrepancies occur, a single aircraft was followed through final assembly and each discrepancy reviewed. Some key findings of this review were confirmation that the tool created previously was accurate, that there is a time lag between creation of a discrepancy and its discovery upon inspection, and that there is lack of access to specifications and data on the floor. To address the issues with late discovery of discrepancies, more specific and guided inspection instructions are needed. Standard work has been developed for writing inspection instructions that are clearer. They include features such as guided and general tasks, references to specs for all directive instructions, specific locations on the assembly and drawings, and symbols and wording to indicate instruction versus reference information and which contain only instructions relevant for the particular inspection. Changes in management have halted the implementation of the standard work for writing inspection instruction. However, this standard work became the basis for changes being made to improve work instructions. To address the lack of access to data, a tool which collects data and displays a cross Pareto heat map of the highest driving issues on each line, position, and work order has been developed. The line managers have been trained on how to use the tool to determine high driving issues in almost real time and implement corrective actions more quickly. In addition the tool is in use by quality engineers to help guide reduction efforts.
by Jessica Bashkoff.
S.M.
M.B.A.
25
Damioli, Giacomo C. M. "Low income, work and the tax-benefit system : three studies using panel data." Thesis, University of Essex, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549305.
26
Parhizi, Shaghayegh. "Measuring nurses' response to configurations of work system parameters a data mining approach." Thesis, University of Missouri - Columbia, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10157761.
Анотація:
Medical error, patient safety and nurses’ performance are some of the critical concerns within healthcare systems. Several factors contribute to nurses’ performance and patient safety including fatigue, sleepiness and work system parameters.
Furthermore, because of a shortage of nurses, working nurses are often experiencing high workloads. They often work in 12- hour shifts and/or consecutive night shifts without receiving enough sleep or recovery. Thus, they frequently are fatigued and suffer from sleep deprivation, which again is negatively associated with patient safety. Therefore, health care researchers and decision makers are interested in developing policies and tools that help decrease nurses’ errors and increase their performance.
Thus, there is a need for a promising approach to understanding nurse fatigue and its causes and consequences that is able to capture dynamic nature of the problem. This study aimed to address this need. In the first step, data were collected from a private hospital. Next, a data mining technique was applied to uncover the patterns and associations among contributing factors that affect performance and patient safety. Finally, a model was developed to measure nurses’ responses to different work system parameters and stressors.
27
Iveroth, Axel. "Using Work Domain Analysis to Evaluate the Design of a Data Warehouse System." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för visuell information och interaktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384575.
Анотація:
Being able to perform good data analysis is a fundamental part of running any business or organization. One way of enabling data analysis is with a data warehouse system, a type of database that gathers and transforms data from multiple sources and structures it in the goal of simplifying analysis. It is commonly used to provide support in decision-making. Although a data warehouse enables data analysis, it is also relevant to consider how well the system supports analysis. This thesis is a qualitative research that aims to investigate how work domain analysis (WDA) can be used to evaluate the design of a data warehouse system. To do so, a case study at the IT company Norconsult Astando was performed. A data warehouse system was designed for an issue management system and evaluated using the abstraction hierarchy (AH) model. The research done in this thesis showed that analysis was enabled by adopting Kimball’s bottom-up approach and a star schema design with an accumulating snapshot fact table. Through evaluation of the design, it was shown that most of the design choices made for the data warehouse were captured in the AH. It was concluded that with sufficient data collection methods, WDA can be used to a large extent when evaluating a data warehouse system.
28
Bahcivancilar, Ugur. "Validation Of Methods Time Measurement Data." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614916/index.pdf.
Анотація:
This thesis shows the results of an experiment in order to test the validity of Methods Time
Measurement (MTM) data. MTM, developed in 1948, is one of the most commonly used
Predetermined Motion Time Systems to calculate standard time for a task. However, there is
limited research on the validity of the MTM data in the literature. Today&rsquos technology provides new computerized tools to perform time studies. One of such tools is Real Time Method Study (RTMS). RTMS is a computerized method study tool being developed in METU Technopolis, which uses Image Processing and Machine Learning to conduct time studies automatically. RTMS uses MTM data as a benchmark data to compare observed performance results
therefore validity of MTM data is an important issue for it. In order to test the validity of MTM data an experiment conducted in the Ergonomics Laboratory of the METU Industrial Engineering Department. In this experiment 40 undergraduate students performed four different tasks. These tasks were recorded by a video camera and analyzed frame by frame to calculate normal times for basic motions of MTM. Results are compared with the original MTM data and it is shown that MTM times do not fit the observed data. This study in the end suggests updating MTM data or constructing a new standard time database by using a tool like RTMS.
29
Ahlstrom, Linda. "Improving Work Ability and Return to Work among Women on Long-term Sick Leave." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3703.
Анотація:
The overall aim of this thesis was to gain new knowledge of factors and interventions that improve work ability and return to work (RTW) among women on long-term sick leave from human service organizations (HSOs). The specific aims of the studies were: to evaluate the associations between the self-rated Work Ability Index (WAI) and Work Ability Score (WAS), and the relationship with prospective sick leave, symptoms, and health (Paper I); to investigate whether intervention with myofeedback training or intensive muscular strength training could decrease pain and increase work ability among women with neck pain (Paper II); to examine the associations between workplace rehabilitation and the combination of supportive conditions at work with work ability and RTW over time (Paper III); and to explore experiences, views, and strategies in the rehabilitation process for RTW (Paper IV). This thesis is based on a prospective cohort study (n=324) and a randomized controlled study (RCT) (n=60, participants with neck pain). Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The data collection consisted of questionnaires, laboratory-observed data, register-based data, and interviews. The results showed a very strong association between WAI and WAS, and results predicted future sick leave degree, health-related quality of life, vitality, neck pain, self-rated general health, self-rated mental health, behavioral stress, and current stress (Paper I). In the RCT (Paper II), individuals in the myofeedback intervention group increased their vitality and work ability over time and individuals in the intensive musculoskeletal strength training group increased their WAI, WAS, and mental health over time. WAI, WAS, and RTW increased over time among individuals provided with workplace rehabilitation and supportive conditions at work (Paper III) such as a sense of feeling welcome back at work, influence at work, possibilities for development, degree of freedom at work, meaning of work, quality of leadership, social support, sense of community, and work satisfaction. Women described (Paper IV) how they were striving to work and how they had different views, strategies, and approaches in the rehabilitation process for RTW. They expressed a desire to work, their goals for work, and their wishes for work. In the rehabilitation process for RTW they described their interaction with stakeholders as either controlling the interaction or struggling in the interaction. They described strategies to cope with RTW in terms of yo-yo (fluctuating) working: yo-yo working as a strategy or yo-yo working as a consequence. This thesis identifies factors of importance in improving work ability and RTW among women on long-term sick leave from HSOs. For women with neck pain, the intervention study showed feasibility of the intervention and demonstrated improved work ability and decreased pain (Paper II). The intensive muscular strength training program, which is easy for the individual to learn and perform at home, was associated with increased work ability. The results regarding rehabilitation highlight the importance of integrating workplace rehabilitation with supportive conditions at work to increase work ability and improve RTW (Paper III). Women expressed that they were striving to work and that they wanted to work (Paper IV). These women were “going in and out” of work participation (yo-yo working) as a way to handle the rehabilitation process. For assessing the status and progress of work ability among women on long-term sick leave, the single-question WAS may be used as a compliment to the full WAI as a simple indicator (Paper I).Akademisk avhandling som för avläggande av medicine doktorsexamen vid Sahlgrenska akademin, Göteborgs universitet, kommer att offentligen försvaras i hörsal Hamberger, Medicinaregatan 16 A, Göteborg, måndagen den 6 oktober 2014, klockan 09.00
30
Schmidt, Benedikt [Verfasser], Max [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlhäuser, and Albrecht [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt. "Information Work Support Based on Activity Data / Benedikt Schmidt. Betreuer: Max Mühlhäuser ; Albrecht Schmidt." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1112268510/34.
31
Halpin, Brendan. "Life-history data and social mobility : analysing change in mobility during the work life." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386490.
32
Fritz, Godfried. "The relationship of sense of coherence to health and work in data processing personnel." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16845.
Анотація:
Bibliography: pages 80-86.The aim of the present study was to test a model of stress and to examine whether the theoretical construct of sense of coherence (SOC) moderated the relationship between stressors and health-related and work-related outcomes. This construct of SOC was identified by an Israeli medical sociologist, Antonovsky. He maintained that the current focus of research on stress is largely pathogenic in nature. He suggested that it would be of value to shift research more towards that which identifies the origins of health. He consequently developed the term "salutogenesis", which requires people to focus on those factors which promote well-being. He also argued that people are not either sick or well, but rather are located on a continuum between health-ease/dis-ease. With respect to their health, persons will find themselves somewhere along this continuum, where they may shift between the two positions. He then suggests that certain factors contribute to facilitating the movement along this continuum. These factors together form a construct which he calls the SOC. The SOC is comprised of core components. He hypothesizes that someone with a strong SOC is likely to make better sense of the world around him/her, thereby engendering resilience towards the impinging stressors. The person with a weak SOC is likely to capitulate to these stressors · more readily and by succumbing to them is going to increase the likelihood that (s)he will move to the dis-ease end of the continuum. This study attempted to investigate the following research questions, namely, whether (1) the stressors were related to the stress outcomes, (2) the SOC was related to the stressors and outcomes, and (3) the SOC moderated the relationships between stressors and outcomes. In the present study the subjects were drawn from all data processing professionals in a large financial organisation. The respondents (~ = 194) replied to a questionnaire which contained scales which measured a variety of job-related stressors, an SOC scale as well as job-related and health-related outcome variables. Intercorrelations between the stressor, moderator and outcome variables were calculated. Other statistical procedures that were utilized were subgroup analyses and the moderated multiple regression analyses. Partial support for all three research questions was obtained. Four of the six stressors were found to correlate significantly with somatic complaints, thereby suggesting that stressors result in persons feeling the results of stress and reporting them physically. The SOC was found to relate to some of the stressors and outcome variables. This would lend partial support to an interpretation of the SOC as having a main effect relationship to stressor and outcome variables. In the subgroup analyses the results showed that out of a possible 54 relationships, the SOC moderated in only seven of them that the moderated multiple regression (MMR) analyses showed out of 54 possible relationships, the SOC moderated in 12 of them health-related variables. Furthermore, the SOC moderated between six outcome variables and six work-related outcomes. These findings then partially support research question 3, which examined whether the SOC would moderate relationships between stressors and outcome variables. This study was concluded by a discussion of the findings, its implications, and the limitations of this research.
33
Husain, Ahraz. "Understanding How Developers Work on Change Tasks Using Interaction History and Eye Gaze Data." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1452160567.
34
Challa, Srikalyan. "A structural equation analysis of Florida journey to work characteristics using aggregate Census 2000 data." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000335.
35
Beauvais, Erik Alexander Maoui. "An investigation of a framework to evaluate computer supported collaborative work." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1999. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/1383/.
36
McVey, Lynn, Natasha Alvarado, J. Greenhalgh, Mai Elshehaly, C. P. Gale, J. Lake, R. A. Ruddle, et al. "Hidden labour: The skilful work of clinical audit data collection and its implications for secondary use of data via integrated health IT." Springer/Biomed Central, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18575.
Анотація:
YesBackground: Secondary use of data via integrated health information technology is fundamental to many healthcare policies and processes worldwide. However, repurposing data can be problematic and little research has been undertaken into the everyday practicalities of inter-system data sharing that helps explain why this is so, especially within (as opposed to between) organisations. In response, this article reports one of the most detailed empirical examinations undertaken to date of the work involved in repurposing healthcare data for National Clinical Audits. Methods: Fifty-four semi-structured, qualitative interviews were carried out with staff in five English National Health Service hospitals about their audit work, including 20 staff involved substantively with audit data collection. In addition, ethnographic observations took place on wards, in ‘back offices’ and meetings (102 hours). Findings were analysed thematically and synthesised in narratives. Results: Although data were available within hospital applications for secondary use in some audit fields, which could, in theory, have been auto-populated, in practice staff regularly negotiated multiple, unintegrated systems to generate audit records. This work was complex and skilful, and involved cross-checking and double data entry, often using paper forms, to assure data quality and inform quality improvements. Conclusions: If technology is to facilitate the secondary use of healthcare data, the skilled but largely hidden labour of those who collect and recontextualise those data must be recognised. Their detailed understandings of what it takes to produce high quality data in specific contexts should inform the further development of integrated systems within organisations.
37
Lindmark, Fanny, and Hanna Kvist. "Security in software : How software companies work with security during a software development process." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130964.
Анотація:
This study is conducted, due to recent interest in privacy and software security, on how a number of software development companies work during a development process to develop secure software to the possible extent. The study is based on four interviews with four software companies located in Linköping, Sweden. The interviews followed a semi-structured format to ensure the possibility to compare the given answers from the companies to each other. This structure was chosen to give each company the liberty to express what they valued and thought were important during a software development process. The aim was to analyze how and if these companies work with security when developing software, and to see what differences and similarities that could be established. We found differences between the companies' perspective of security and on their methods of working. Some valued secure software more than others and performed more measures to ensure it. We also found some similarities on their view on importance of secure software and ways to work with it. The differences and similarities were related to the size of the companies, their resources, the types of products they develop, and the types of clients they have.
38
Rankin, Amy. "Resilience in High Risk Work : Analysing Adaptive Performance." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-90726.
Анотація:
In today’s complexsocio-technical systems it is not possible to foresee and prepare for allfuture events. To cope with the intricacy and coupling between people,technical systems and the dynamic environment people are required tocontinuously adapt. To design resilient systems a deepened understanding ofwhat supports and enables adaptive performance is needed. In this thesis two studiesare presented that investigate how adaptive abilities can be identified andanalysed in complex work settings across domains. The studies focus onunderstanding adaptive performance, what enables successful adaptation and how contextual factors affect the performance. The first study examines how acrisis command team adapts as they lose important functions of their teamduring a response operation. The secondstudy presents a framework to analyse adaptive behaviour in everyday work wheresystems are working near the margins of safety. The examples that underlie theframework are based on findings from focus group discussion withrepresentatives from different organisations, including health care, nuclear,transportation and emergency services. Main contributions of this thesis includethe examination of adaptive performance and of how it can be analysed as ameans to learn about and strengthen resilience. By using contextual analysis enablersof adaptive performance and its effects the overall system are identified. Theanalysis further demonstrates that resilience is not a system property but aresult of situational circumstances and organisational structures. Theframework supports practitioners and researchers in reporting findings,structuring cases and making sense of sharp-end adaptations. The analysismethod can be used to better understand system adaptive capacities, monitoradaptive patterns and enhance current methods for safety management.
39
Penimicha, Sudheer. "COMPARISON OF CRITERIA USED BY STATE TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES TO EVALUATE PROPOSED LANE CLOSURES IN PLANNED WORK ZONES." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1432124690.
40
Bergvall, Ricardo. "Secure remote access to a work environment." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45124.
Анотація:
This project is about how free, open-source tools can create reasonable, secure and flexible remote access solutions for smaller companies with a limited budget. Secure remote access to a working environment is a solution for its time, as last year Covid-19 change the working environment for millions of employers and employees. The importance of secure remote access to a working environment became noticeable as offices closed down and employers started working from home. Still, the need for secure access to the company's infrastructure remains. This is where Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) enter the picture, as it has a broad application scope and is particularly useful for secure remote access. My project was subdivided into three parts: How to implement secure remote access to a working environment within the requirements of the chosen company, which are an inexpensive solution with high-security features. Automate the creation and distribution of all the necessary parts that their employees will need in a VPN structure. Research about the future direction regarding VPN and the importance of cybersecurity to help ensure security preparedness for the company. The chosen solution was OpenVPN and Google authenticator, together with a written bash script. It became a solution that was free, flexible, secure and scalable. But why the need and what about the future? Research shows that a high percentage of small and medium-sized enterprises are vulnerable to cyberattacks. It also shows that these companies have the lowest cybersecurity. "It wouldn't happen to us" is dangerous but, sadly, a typical mindset throughout the S&M companies. It's primarily because of this S&M's are more exposed than larger companies. The future of VPN's has become more important than ever before, and it's something that during Covid-19 has risen in use all over the world, the research and development of VPNs has accelerated. The research objectives of this project are of high interest to many other organizations in the same position, and the presented work has helped answer the question: "Where will we stand in a few years regarding secure remote work, cybersecurity andencrypted networks?"
41
張志明 and Chi-ming Reuben Cheung. "A computer aided experimental system for milling force modelling." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31212189.
42
Nye, Benjamin Gilbert. "Evaluating and updating the Kansas Department of Transportation’s lane closure guide in the Kansas City metropolitan area using Traffic Management Center data." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38225.
Анотація:
Master of ScienceDepartment of Civil Engineering
Eric J. Fitzsimmons
Each year maintenance and rehabilitation occur on interstates and highways to repair damage, improve rideability, and increase safety. To perform many of these activities a short or long-term work zone is required. However, short and long-term work zones can have significant impacts on traffic flow, especially during peak travel times. To mitigate the impact of work zones, the Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) has developed a lane closure guide to assist KDOT personnel and contractors in determining times during the day that a lane can be closed to traffic. The existing lane closure guide was comprised of limited data sources and assumptions based on past traffic counts. The purpose of this research study was to evaluate the existing guide and update it using a consistent data source that reflects current roadway conditions. During the evaluation of the existing lane closure guide, several inconsistencies with traffic counts, directional splits, and adjustment factors were found. To eliminate the consistencies, data from the Kansas City Traffic Management Center was used. During the procedure of updating the lane closure guide a repeatable data extraction process and a quality assurance/quality control process were utilized. In addition to updating the KDOT lane closure guide, sensor data verification was performed on one KC Scout sensor on K-10 using road tubes. The data from the road tubes was then compared to the data extracted from KC Scout during the same time interval. The comparison found the road tubes and KC Scout counted statistically the same number of cars for the chosen interval. However, the comparison found the road tube’s average speed for chosen interval to be on average 10 percent higher than KC Scout, which was statistically significant.
43
Ingram, Christopher Thomas. "Electric utility storm restoration : crew work allocation optimization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105631.
Анотація:
Thesis: S.M. in Engineering Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-56).
Storms damage Atlantic Electric's electric distribution network, resulting in power outages and expensive repairs. After severe storms Atlantic Electric hires external contractor crews to perform the majority of the restoration work. This project focuses on increasing the effectiveness of contractor crews by: 1) improving work flow processes that can result in restoration delays; 2) staging contractor crews at operations bases that are close to damage; and 3) optimizing the work allocation to contractor crews so that customers have their power restored sooner. An optimization model used by Atlantic Electric to pre-stage their crews is modified and improved so that it can suggest locations for staging crews throughout a restoration effort. The model compares well to actual storm assignments in previous storms, normally preempting Atlantic Electric's decision by one day. This suggests that Atlantic Electric's experts and storm managers are already operating efficiently, but that the model can help them reach their decisions faster since it incorporates all data instantaneously and objectively. The use of the model will also provide a valuable justification to the state regulators, who monitor storm responses, for crew movements and postings. Next, an optimization model is developed to improve the assignment of individual repair jobs to crews. Currently the process is performed manually and can vary from base to base. Decision makers must balance multiple factors, such as the number of crews available, location of damage points, the severity of the damage, and the number and type of customers without power. Under enormous pressure in a hectic environment, it can be difficult to analyze and weigh all these factors. Additionally, due to the infrequent nature of these large events, some personnel have limited firsthand experience in these situations, while others are extremely experienced and skilled. The model captures and codifies the methodology of Atlantic Electric's storm experts and provides a quick, consistent tool for assigning work efficiently. Finally, we suggest several process improvements to the contractor work flow.
by Christopher Thomas Ingram.
S.M. in Engineering Systems
M.B.A.
44
Ah-Son, Kevin. "Sustainability at Work: How Can Persuasive Design And User- Centered Methods be Used To Conciliate Sustainable Behavior and Work Goals? : A case Study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281284.
Анотація:
Economic activity has a significant impact on the environment, which causes many issues. To reduce this impact, they must adopt more sustainable behaviors. Yet, environmental objectives often oppose their own goals. This thesis studies how companies can use designs thinking to meet their sustainability objectives and conciliate them with the personal goals of the company's employees. Through a case study, I analyzed action taken by two companies as well as literature on this topic. Based on this information, I used user-centered design and persuasive design to define guidelines to help companies solve the contradiction between sustainability and their own goals. These guidelines were implemented and tested through an interactive prototype. This thesis studies how vital context awareness and adaptability are, when trying to influence the employees’ behavior to become more sustainable in complex workplace environments.Ekonomiska aktiviteter påverkar miljön i högsta grad, vilket orsakar många problem. För att minska denna påverkan måste man införa ett mer hållbart beteende. Ändå motverkar miljömålen ofta de egna målen. Denna avhandling studerar hur företag kan använda sig av designtänkande för att uppfylla de egna hållbarhetsmålen och förena dem med företagets anställdas personliga mål. Genom en fallstudie analyserade jag åtgärder som vidtagits av två företag samt litteratur om detta ämne. Baserat på denna information använde jag användarcentrerad design och övertygande design för att ta fram riktlinjer för att hjälpa företag att lösa motsättningarna mellan hållbarhet och de egna målen. Dessa riktlinjer implementerades och testades genom en interaktiv prototyp. Denna avhandling studerar hur synnerligen viktigt det är att vara medveten om sammanhanget och att kunna anpassa sig när man försöker påverka de anställdas beteende, för att få dem att tänka mer hållbart i komplexa arbetsmiljöer.
45
Li, Yujiang. "Development architecture for industrial data management." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Datorsystem för konstruktion och tillverkning, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-132244.
Анотація:
Standardized information modeling is important for interoperability of CAx systems. Existing information standards such as ISO 10303 STEP have been proposed and developed for decades for this purpose. Comprehensive data structure and various implementation methodologies make such standards strong in support of different industry domains, information types, and technical requirements. However, this fact also leads to increased implementation complexity and workloads for CAx system developers. This licentiate proposes the development architecture, STEP Toolbox, to help users implement standards with a simplified development process and minimal knowledge requirements on standards. Implementation difficulties for individuals are identified with analysis on implementation of the information standards in three aspects: tasks, users, and technology. Then the toolbox is introduced with an illustration of design of behavior and structure. Case studies are performed to validate the toolbox with prototypes. Internal and external observation has shown the around two-month learning process skipped and a great amount of workload reduction in implementation with the utilization of this architecture.QC 20131025
46
Ferguson, Colin B., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "An investigation of the effects of microcomputers on the work of professional accountants." Deakin University. School of Accounting and Finance, 1994. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050915.155628.
Анотація:
Information technology research over the past two decades suggests that the installation and use of computers fundamentally affects the structure and function of organisations and, m particular, the workers in these organizations. Following the release of the IBM Personal Computer in 1982, microcomputers have become an integral part of most work environments. The accounting services industry, in particular, has felt the impact of this microcomputer revolution. In Big Six accounting firms, there is almost one microcomputer for each professional accountant employed, Notwithstanding this, little research has been done on the effect of microcomputers on the work outcomes of professional accountants working in these firms.
This study addresses this issue. It assesses, in an organisational setting, how accountant perceptions of ease of use and usefulness of microcomputers act on their computer anxieties, microcomputer attitudes and use to affect their job satisfaction and job performance. The research also examines how different types of human-computer interfaces affect the relationships between accountants' beliefs about microcomputer utility and ease of use, computer anxiety, microcomputer attitudes and microcomputer use.
To attain this research objective, a conceptual model was first developed, The model indicates that work outcomes (job satisfaction and job performance) of professional accountants using microcomputers are influenced by users' perceptions of ease of use and usefulness of
microcomputers via paths through (a) the level of computer anxiety experienced by users, (b) the general attitude of users toward using microcomputers, and (c) the extent to which microcomputers are used by individuals. Empirically testable propositions were derived from the model to test the postulated relationships between these constructs. The study also tested whether or not users of different human-computer interfaces reacted differently to the perceptions and anxieties they hold about microcomputers and their use in the workplace. It was argued that users of graphical interfaces, because of the characteristics of those interfaces, react differently to their perceptions and anxieties about microcomputers compared with users of command-line (or textual-based) interfaces.
A passive-observational study in a field setting was used to test the model and the research propositions. Data was collected from 164 professional accountants working in a Big Six accounting firm in a metropolitan city in Australia. Structural equation modelling techniques were used to test the, hypothesised causal relationships between the components comprising the general research model. Path analysis and ordinary least squares regression was used to estimate the parameters of the model and analyse the data obtained. Multisample analysis (or stacked model analysis) using EQS was used to test the fit of the model to the data of the different human-computer interface groups and to estimate the parameters for the paths in those different groups.
The results show that the research model is a good description of the data. The job satisfaction of professional accountants is directly affected by their attitude toward using microcomputers and by microcomputer use itself. However, job performance appears to be only directly affected by microcomputer attitudes. Microcomputer use does not directly affect job performance. Along with perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, computer anxiety is shown to be an important determinant of attitudes toward using microcomputers - higher levels of computer anxiety negatively affect attitudes toward using microcomputers. Conversely, higher levels of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness heighten individuals' positive attitudes toward using microcomputers. Perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness also indirectly affect microcomputer attitudes through their effect on computer anxiety. The results show that higher levels of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness result in lower levels of computer anxiety. A surprising result from the study is that while perceived ease of use is shown to directly affect the level of microcomputer usage, perceived usefulness and attitude toward using microcomputers does not.
The results of the multisample analysis confirm that the research model fits the stacked model and that the stacked model is a significantly better fit if specific parameters are allowed to vary between the two human-computer interface user groups. In general, these results confirm that an interaction exists between the type of human-computer interface (the variable providing the grouping) and the other variables in the model The results show a clear difference between the two groups in the way in which perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness affect microcomputer attitude. In the case of users of command-line interfaces, these variables appear to affect microcomputer attitude via an intervening variable, computer anxiety, whereas in the graphical interface user group the effect occurs directly. Related to this, the results show that perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have a significant direct effect on computer anxiety in command-line interface users, but no effect at all for graphical interface users. Of the two exogenous variables only perceived ease of use, and that in the case of the command-line interface users, has a direct significant effect on extent of use of microcomputers.
In summary, the research has contributed to the development of a theory of individual adjustment to information technology in the workplace. It identifies certain perceptions, anxieties and attitudes about microcomputers and shows how they may affect work outcomes such as job satisfaction and job performance. It also shows that microcomputer-interface types have a differential effect on some of the hypothesised relationships represented in the general model. Future replication studies could sample a broader cross-section of the microcomputer user community.
Finally, the results should help Big Six accounting firms to maximise the benefits of microcomputer use by making them aware of how working with microcomputers affects job satisfaction and job performance.
47
Vidiksis, Adam. "Transfigurations: A Symphonic Work for Orchestra and Live Computer Processing." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/253841.
Анотація:
Music CompositionD.M.A.
Transfigurations is a symphonic work in one movement for orchestra and live computer processing utilizing the graphical audio programming language Pure Data. The score and patch for this piece are accompanied by an essay describing the audio processing techniques and the compositional processes employed in this work. Programming methods discussed include strategies for data capture, patch structure, user interface, and processor management. All audio processing in the work is realized in realtime. These sounds are derived directly from the orchestra in performance, except for the last. The processes involved in Transfigurations include pitch and amplitude tracking, pitch-shifting, filtering, frequency and amplitude modulation, granular synthesis, delay, and convolution. The final sounds from the computer employ stochastic processes for synthesis which are derived from the germinal materials of the piece. The essay also discusses the aesthetic philosophy and formal structure of the work, principle themes and motives, and formative pitch materials, as well as the compositional processes in each section. The final discourse of the essay considers microphone and loudspeaker setups, patch preparation and leveling, and strategies for rehearsal and performance.
Temple University--Theses
48
Collier, Peter. "Blockmodeling network data from six small towns : an assessment of organizational typologies." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3892.
Анотація:
A major question in the study of complex organizations is whether it is possible to develop a useful taxonomy which identifies the crucial aspects of organizations and classifies them in a significant manner. One group of typologies of complex organizations focuses on the relationship between the organization and its environment. The purpose of this thesis is to test the validity of three existing typologies of complex organizations, each of which focuses on one aspect of the relationship between organizations and their environment. The major innovation in this research is the use of block modeling, a form of network methodology, to analyze the multiplex relationships and to establish categories of organizations in six towns in Minnesota. This categorical scheme is based on groupings of organizations that share 2 similar patterns of relationships in a community network. The first part of this thesis is an attempt to discover if the three typologies being tested, which were originally developed from data on internal organizational characteristics, are relevant categorical "tools" for distinguishing among "classes" of organizations that were grouped based on the relational data from network analysis of the six Minnesota towns. Three hypotheses are presented, each associated with a different typology to be tested: Hypothesis I - based on inputs (Resource Dependence), Hypothesis II - based on throughputs (Katz and Kahn), and Hypothesis III - based on outputs (Parsonian). Each of these hypotheses predict specific inter-organizational relationships that should be present in the empirical data. A typology is considered relevant for use in this study, if the inter-organizational relationship, predicted by the corresponding hypothesis, is found to be present in the empirical data. All three typologies examined are found to be relevant categorical tools for the network data employed in this study.
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Sundareisan, Shashidhar. "Making diffusion work for you: Classification sans text, finding culprits and filling missing values." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49678.
Анотація:
Can we find people infected with the flu virus even though they did not visit a doctor?
Can the temporal features of a trending hashtag or a keyword indicate which topic it belongs to without any textual information?
Given a history of interactions between blogs and news websites, can we predict blogs posts/news websites that are not in the sample but talk about the ``the state of the economy'' in 2008?
These questions have two things in common: a network (social networks or human contact networks) and a virus (meme, keyword or the flu virus) diffusing over the network. We can think of interactions like memes, hashtags, influenza infections, computer viruses etc., as viruses spreading in a network. This treatment allows for the usage of epidemiologically inspired models to study or model these interactions. Understanding the complex propagation dynamics involved in information diffusion with the help of these models uncovers various non-trivial and interesting results.
In this thesis we propose (a) A fast and efficient algorithm NetFill, which can be used to find quantitatively and qualitatively correct infected nodes, not in the sample and finding the culprits and (b) A method, SansText that can be used to find out which topic a keyword/hashtag belongs to just by looking at the popularity graph of the keyword without textual analysis.
The results derived in this thesis can be used in various areas like epidemiology, news and protest detection, viral marketing and it can also be used to reduce sampling errors in graphs.Master of Science
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Bailey, Janet L. "Computer-Supported Collaborative Work and Its Application to Software Engineering in a Case Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279296/.
Анотація:
This study investigated, in the context of a field-based case study, possibilities for formation of a synergistic union between CSCW and CASE tools. A major dimension of today's software challenge is in gearing up for large-scale system development necessitating large teams of systems engineers. The principal goal of this research was to advance the body of knowledge regarding the nature of collaborative technological support in the software development process. Specifically, the study was designed to evaluate the potential for using a CSCW tool as an effective front-end to a CASE tool in the furtherance of SDLC goals.