Дисертації з теми "Cultures du vote"
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Ormiere, Lucas. "Le rapport au vote des cohortes nées et socialisées en démocratie en Espagne : de nouvelles cultures du vote ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0366.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes to study the relationship to voting in Spain of cohorts born and socialised in a democracy, in order to compare them with their elders. The existing literature has not examined the differences of electoral cultures between these ‘newcomers’, the generations of the Transition and the older generations. All too rarely, the analysis has been based on age rather than cohorts and a longitudinal approach. Yet international research points to the responsibility of the younger generations in the decline of electoral participation in Western democracies (Blais et al., 2004; Blais & Rubenson, 2013). Spain is an exception, however, because unlike the other democracies, voter turnout in first-order elections has hardly declined at all. This is paradoxical, since it could have been postulated that these ‘critical generations’ (Lorente & García-Albacete, 2019, 2021), who were less religious and less secure during the Great Recession, should have abstained even more than their counterparts in other countries. This thesis proposes to solve this conundrum using mixed methods. Firstly, we carry out a longitudinal study using post-election surveys conducted by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas between 1979 and 2024. Several aspects of the cohorts' “voting cultures” are analysed: 1.) inter- and intra-generational inequalities in general and second-order elections (European elections and national referendums) since 1979; 2.) the perception of voting as a “civic duty” from 1980 to 2019, the acceptability of abstention (in 1990 and 2005), and declared voting habits “in general” and according to the type of election. Several logistic regressions and additional general mixed models (GAMMs) are used to distinguish age, period and cohort effects, the ‘Gordian knot’ of APC methods (Bell, 2020). Then, to expand on the results of the quantitative analysis, we questioned the voting perceptions of members of the various cohorts, through a campaign of 46 semi-structured interviews. These cohorts, born and socialised in a democracy, have developed a different voting culture to their elders, who were socialised during the Transition, Francoism and the Civil War. Their turnout remains high at general elections, and is higher than that of new generations in other Western democracies. The Great Recession has led to a high degree of politicisation. However, their voting is more irregular and fluctuates according to the intensity of election campaigns and the type of elections. Their abstention becomes more widespread during second-order elections. What's more, intra-generational inequalities based on educational level and social class are much greater among them than in previous generations. These results can also be explained by the individualisation of their voting behaviour, which has already been observed in other countries. These cohorts, particularly those most interested in politics and with the highest levels of education, are fully committed to a citizenship of ‘right’ voting, which is a far cry from the citizenship of ‘duty’ of the cohorts socialised under the Transition and Franco. These results underline the importance of the role of political parties and the media in mobilising these ‘new’ citizens to vote, whose representations and expectations of voting are different from those of other generations
Esta tesis se propone estudiar la relación con el voto en España de las cohortes nacidas y socializadas en democracia, para compararlas con sus mayores. La literatura existente no ha examinado las diferencias de cultura electoral entre estos «recién llegados», las generaciones de la Transición y las generaciones mayores. En muy pocas ocasiones, el análisis se ha basado en el ciclo vital y no en las cohortes y con un enfoque longitudinal. Sin embargo, las investigaciones internacionales apuntan a la responsabilidad de las nuevas generaciones en el declive de la participación electoral en las democracias occidentales (Blais et al., 2004; Blais y Rubenson, 2013). Sin embargo, España es una excepción porque, a diferencia de las demás democracias, la participación electoral en las elecciones de primer orden apenas ha disminuido. Esto resulta paradójico, ya que podría haberse postulado que estas «generaciones críticas» (Lorente & García-Albacete, 2019, 2021), menos religiosas y precarizadas durante la crisis de 2008, deberían haberse abstenido aún más que sus homólogas de otros países. Esta tesis propone resolver este enigma utilizando métodos mixtos. En primer lugar, llevamos a cabo un estudio longitudinal utilizando encuestas postelectorales realizadas por el Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas entre 1979 y 2024. Se analizan varios aspectos de las «culturas de voto» de las cohortes: 1.) las desigualdades intergeneracionales e intrageneracionales en las elecciones generales y de segundo orden (elecciones europeas y referendos nacionales) desde 1979; 2.) la percepción del voto como un «deber cívico» desde 1980 hasta 2019, la aceptabilidad de la abstención (en 1990 y 2005), y los hábitos de voto declarados «en general» y según el tipo de elección. Se utilizan varias regresiones logísticas y modelos generales mixtos adicionales para distinguir los efectos de edad, periodo y cohorte, el «nudo gordiano» de los métodos APC (Bell, 2020). A continuación, para ahondar los resultados del análisis cuantitativo, interrogamos las percepciones de voto de los miembros de las distintas cohortes, a través de una campaña de 46 entrevistas semiestructuradas. Estas cohortes, que nacieron y se socializaron en democracia, desarrollaron una cultura de voto diferente a la de sus mayores que se socializaron durante la Transición, el franquismo y la Guerra Civil. Su participación sigue siendo alta en las elecciones generales, y es superior a la de las nuevas generaciones en otras democracias occidentales. La crisis de 2008 ha provocado un alto grado de politización entre estas cohortes. Sin embargo, su voto es más irregular y fluctúa en función de la intensidad de las campañas electorales y del tipo de elecciones. Su abstención está cada vez más extendida en las elecciones de segundo orden. Además, las desigualdades intrageneracionales basadas en el nivel educativo y la clase social son mucho mayores entre ellos que en las generaciones anteriores. Estos resultados también pueden explicarse por la individualización de su comportamiento electoral, que ya se ha observado en otros países. Estas cohortes, en particular las más interesadas en la política y con los niveles de educación más elevados, están plenamente comprometidas con una ciudadanía del «derecho» a votar, que dista mucho de la ciudadanía del «deber» de las cohortes socializadas bajo la Transición y el franquismo. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia del papel de los partidos políticos y de los medios de comunicación a la hora de movilizar a votar a estos «nuevos» ciudadanos, cuyas representaciones y expectativas del voto son diferentes de las de otras generaciones
Dagouassat, Nathalie. "Contribution à l'étude des conditions de génération par voie enzymatique d'hémorphines à partir d'hémoglobine bovine." La Rochelle, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LAROS009.
Повний текст джерелаCurt, Sèverine. "Les protéines de soya, une voie d'avenir pour la régénération tissulaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19898.
Повний текст джерелаWentzinger, Laurent. "Régulation de la voie de biosynthèse des isoprénoi͏̈des cytoplasmiques chez le tabac." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13144.
Повний текст джерелаThe first part of this work is a study of the involvement of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) and squalene synthase (SQS) in sterol homeostasis in tobacco BY-2 cells. As an approach, we used compounds able either to inhibit the sterol biosynthetic pathway in the endoplasmic reticulum or to remove sterols from the plasma membrane. The results indicate that SQS is not involved in regulation of the biosynthetic flux leading to sterols, under our conditions. In contrast, HMGR expression is shown to be dependent on the position of the inhibited step in the biosynthetic pathway. The inhibition of SQS and squalene epoxidase, the two first enzymes, triggers a positive compensatory response of the HMGR. But inhibition of downstream steps (14-demethylation of obtusifoliol) induces a decrease in enzyme activity. In the case of a selective sterol depletion from the plasma membrane, no compensatory response of HMGR is observed, suggesting that the end products would not be " sensed " any longer by the enzyme, after their incorporation into the plasma membrane. The second part of the work is devoted to the cloning and preliminary characterization of two tobacco acetoacetyl-CoA thiolases, AACT-1 and AACT-2. Experiences of virus-induced gene silencing, in vivo localization of GFP-fused proteins and spatiotemporal expression of both genes demonstrate that these two AACT have distinct intracellular localizations and functions. AACT-1 is clearly a soluble enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of cytosolic isoprenoids. AACT-2 is specifically associated with peroxisomes and might play a role in the b-oxidation of fatty acids
Brown, Narren Jonah. "Political culture's effect on voter turnout the 2004 election and beyond /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерелаAdamou, Garba. "Mass media et impérialisme culturel : contribution à l'analyse et à l'évaluation de quelques manifestations du phénomène." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H046.
Повний текст джерелаLeroux, Mélanie. "Production de glycosaminoglycanes par voie microbiologique et enzymatique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV024.
Повний текст джерелаGlycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long linear polysaccharide chains, found in all animals. Some pathogenic bacteria also synthesize polysaccharides identical or similar to human GAGs. This thesis deals with chondroitin sulfate and heparosan syntheses, members of the GAGs family. There is a growing interest in these two GAGs in the pharmaceutical industry due to numerous potential applications they offer. Chondroitin sulfate is currently extracted from animal tissues which can lead to sanitary problems such as viral or prion contaminations. On the other hand, a production process still needs to be developed for heparosan. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods for the production of these two polymers. Enzymatic synthesis, which is a promising alternative for the production of chondroitin sulfate and heparosan, was the subject of this thesis
Wood, Jason A. "More Than a Feeling: Measuring the Impact of Affect and Socio-Cultural Differences on Vote Choice." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1307321687.
Повний текст джерелаGalignano, Marco <1974>. "La risonanza olistica. Arte, pedagogia e scienza della voce nelle culture dello spettacolo." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3067/1/Galignano_Marco_tesi_La_Risonanza_Olistica.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGalignano, Marco <1974>. "La risonanza olistica. Arte, pedagogia e scienza della voce nelle culture dello spettacolo." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3067/.
Повний текст джерелаBonnard, Emilie. "Design olfactif : essence d'une voie de communication logographique." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STET2194.
Повний текст джерелаWe are constantly asking how can we communicate with perfume? This sensory language uses the sign perfume in a device and as a language because the perfume is a system of signs that form an olfactory language in Western culture. In the first part, we compare this argument to the Chinese culture, and we observe that the scent seems to be a sign that can belong to a system of signs producing meaning, in this far eastern culture. Design, western production, seems strongly influenced by the culture of the Far East sign. The second part studies the manipulations of the olfactory language to produce meaning: by the material, the images, the structure. The “clichés” that afford us to create projects of smell design allows us to produce the codes of a new language, olfactory, to produce a shareable and common meaning. Forms of communication that emerge from our thesis are written by the scent, not on a backing, but in space, and a pictographic and ideographic form: a pictorial writing to signify an idea. This form of communication typical logographic writing hieroglyphics and Chinese Character, would not be exotic. The West also produces and manipulates such language, such writing, but not only on a flat surface. This applies to perfume, but can also be any other production of design
Blanc, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude de la production d'acide propionique par voie microbienne : modélisation-effets des fortes concentrations cellulaires." Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0047.
Повний текст джерелаRafrafi, Yan. "Impact des facteurs biotiques sur le réseau métabolique des écosystèmes producteurs d’hydrogène par voie fermentaire en culture mixte." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20249/document.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays mixed cultures are considered as a serious alternative to pure cultures in biotechnological processes. Mixed cultures can be operated continuously, under unsterile conditions and from various organic substrates. One of the most constraints remains the chronic instability of the mixed culture processes due to the presence of unwanted metabolic pathways resulting from complex microbial interactions. More particularly the role of bacteria in low abundance remains to be elucidated. Therefore this work consisted initially to determine the contribution of sub-dominant bacteria to fermentative hydrogen production using a chemostat continuously fed with a glucose-based medium. Seven inocula were grown under the same operating conditions. Interestingly, Clostridium pasteurianum was found as dominant in six assays on seven at steady state. Only the minority bacterial population differed with regards to their identity and diversity. Acting as true keystone species, these minority bacteria impacted substantially the metabolic network of the overall ecosystem despite their low abundance. In a second step, this work consisted in using some of these minority species as Ecological Engineers of Microbial Ecosystem (EEME). In order to study this aspect, the structure of a hydrogen-producing microbial community has been artificially modified by adding exogenous bacterial strains with redundant functions and/or complementary native strains. Results in batch reactors have shown that the hydrogen production performances could be improved to a 3.5 factor by the addition of certain strains. Results obtained can not be explained by simple trophic interactions and suggest the presence of interaction mechanism of cooperation among microorganisms. Moreover, under more favourable operating conditions (inoculum, culture medium), the addition of certain species in low abundance could stabilize the metabolism of microbial ecosystem without necessarily favourably affect the hydrogen production. In all cases, competitive interactions were not favourable for hydrogen production. Trials were then realised in continuous reactors. These trials have shown that the method used to implant strains in reactors could be a key factor for using the EEME.As a conclusion, this study has shown the potential to use exogenous bacteria, in minority proportions, as biotic factors to stabilised and/or guides microbial metabolisms to functions of interest within microbial mixed cultures
Schwanz, Matheus Müller. "Ainda o século do clientelismo no Brasil? uma análise de condicionantes demográficas, socioeconômicas e culturais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/178178.
Повний текст джерелаEven though the negotiation of the vote in exchange of the most varied benefits has landed in the country along with the Portuguese crown at the beginning of the XIX century, it is noticed that it does not decreased in Brazilian political History. Not even the fall of the monarchy and instauration of the Republic and their values, the loss of the power of the colonels, the implementation of harsher electoral punishments to the voting dealers or even the introduction of eletronic voting to difficult the accountability of the cliente elector to the political boss at the end of the 20th century were able to contain the development of the political phenomenon called clientelism. A type of practice that is difficult to measure because to confirm the exchange of votes for some benefits is necessary that the voter admits to having participated of this type of transaction or that the candidate admits that he has proposed this type of situation to the voters. The confession is unlikely to occur mainly due to electoral and legal punishments that fall in both. To get around this difficulty, it was decided to take only Brazilian voter as the object of analysis and question whether if their demographic, socioeconomic and cultural characteristics favor clientelism in Brazil. The temporal delimitation constitutes in the period beginning in the year 2000 and finish in the year 2010. It was decided to work with two lines of research: a) measure the offer of the clientelismo by the politician to the voter; b) measure the voter approval for a specific situation experienced by itself or others. The hypotheses adopted at the beginning were: (H1) inhabit in the municipality of small population increases the probability of clientelist offer to the Brazilian voter; (H2) having a small monthly income increases the risk; (H3) have a parochial political culture increases the probability of the clientelism approval by the Brazilian voter. The results obtained at the end of the thesis disprove most of the common sense affirmations, some performed by researchers in the área and all hypotheses of the thesis. They demonstrate that the region of residence to the voter and his age were significant for the occurence of clientelistic and that none of the characteristics of the population of the voters was able to influence their approval to the clientelism in the first decade of 2000.
Zanoni, Daniela Benato. "Determinantes capazes de nortear o voto do povo brasileiro: um estudo histórico sobre o comportamento de políticos e eleitores." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2006. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/272.
Повний текст джерелаThe conquering of democracy in Brazil legitimated through the Constitution of 1988, signified the growth of commom autonomy related to political questions and the selection of leaders through election, and was, without a doubt a huge step which effects commom sovereignty and liberty. However, our highly acclaimed democratization was implemented in a country where political culture is deep-rooted in proslavery, patrimonialism, coronelism, that is, we have a framework of a disturbed political history, where to circunvent the law, norms, defraud elections, buy votes, is something which has always occurred with a certain naturalness. The time of election is still seen by some as a time where you have the opportunity to obtain favours or goods in exchange for your vote. Besides, we can still observe that many people vote without even knowing the inherent function of each cargo in office, for example, the function of a Federal Representative or of a Senator. The choice of a voter to vote in a particular candidate or not, can be influenced by the church, school, media, family, though campaign promises, through the candidate s carisma or even the lifestyle in which the voter finds himself in. There are multiples determinants that are capable of guiding a vote, and our study deals exactly with these aspects, which starts recapitulating a little of our political culture and the democratization of the country, that is, the basis where our present day Brazil is resting and ends with a field research, which portraies the behavior of the voters of the city of Ponta Grossa.
A conquista da democracia no Brasil, legitimada através da Constituição de 1988, significou o crescimento da autonomia popular no que se refere a questões políticas e à escolha dos governantes através do voto direto, e foi sem dúvida um grande passo no que tange a soberania e liberdade popular. No entanto, a nossa tão aclamada democratização foi implementada em um país cuja cultura política é arraigada no escravismo, no patrimonialismo, no coronelismo, ou seja, temos um arcabouço histórico-político bastante conturbado, onde burlar leis, normas, fraudar eleições, comprar votos foi algo que sempre ocorreu com uma certa naturalidade. O período de eleição ainda é visto por alguns como o momento em que se tem a oportunidade de obter favores ou algo material em troca do voto. Além disso, ainda podemos observar que muitos eleitores votam sem ao menos ter conhecimento sobre a função inerente a cada cargo público, como por exemplo, a função de um Deputado Federal ou de um Senador. A escolha de um eleitor em votar em um determinado candidato ou não, pode ser influenciada pela igreja, escola, mídia, família, por promessas de campanha, pelo carisma do candidato ou ainda pelas condições de vida em que se encontra esse eleitor. São múltiplos os determinantes capazes de nortear o voto, e trata justamente desses aspectos o nosso estudo neste trabalho, que começa recapitulando um pouco da nossa cultura política e da democratização do país, ou seja, a base onde está repousando o nosso Brasil de hoje e se encerra com uma pesquisa de campo, a qual retrata o comportamento dos eleitores da cidade de Ponta Grossa.
Kulbickas, Thomas Allen. "Voter Worldview and Presidential Candidate Choice." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3352.
Повний текст джерелаChâtel, Tanguy. "Les nouvelles cultures de l’accompagnement : les soins palliatifs, une voie « spirituelle » dans une société de la performance." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE5009.
Повний текст джерелаIn France, many support operations, in fields like education, teaching, social support, health, work… tend to be conducted through the global French concept of « accompagnement ». This word does not have a single equivalence in English, where it is met under various names (support, care, coaching, counsel…). These supportive actions refer to a global culture based upon achievement of objectives, priority granted to action, competence, results. . . And submission of the subject. Hence, these accompagnements surprisingly appear to produce more solitude in the general context of a society obsessed by performance. On the other hand, the same word of accompagnement is used to describe end of life care (although this word has a wider meaning than the word care has). By showing that the very central aspect of “total pain” is the spiritual pain itself, end of life accompagnement appears to promote a specifically “spiritual” culture. This culture relies upon on the adaptation to the subject, the ability to be (savoir-être) instead of the ability to do, the attention to the relationship, and a certain detachment from the result by focusing on present time, in a context where the idea of performance is rather inappropriate. However, in its requirements to combine medical science and relationship “science”, “palliative culture” seems to open an ambitious way where professional competence and quality of presence, objectivity and subjectivity, project and detachment from the result, performance and simplicity… are expected to be combined. Hence, palliative culture appears to be of a striking modernity in its original way to consider action and relationship with others
Francisco, Michel Neil Trindade. "Democracia e déficit de participação política no Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13105.
Повний текст джерелаMuch have been argued regarding a supposed consolidation of the democratic system in Brazil. What it must to had in mind is that this consolidation always will be fallacious if will not be taken in account some obstacles not yet surpassed by the democracy in the country. Such obstacles are formed not only by some still necessary institutional improvements, but mainly by the demand for inclusion of segments of the society that, currently, are finded hindered of the political sphere. In the front line of these excluded they are the citizens with low school time, and the ones that suffer with the demages of the poverty, that, together, are protagonists of great part of deficits of political participation in the country. In Brazil, poverty and low time of school is far from being residual problems, reaching considerable parcel of their citizens. The political participation, however, can be one of the first steps for the excluded set it free of this condition that results in their political alienation. Impossible to imagine any type of solution to cure deficits of political participation without stimulation for the development of a civic culture. The participation generates offers of politics directed to the politically active group, the alienation politics, in turn, it silences the demands of the alienated that, to a large extent, are the ones that more need specific publics political. The stimulation of a participated civic culture presented as alternative for broke of vicious circle generated by the alienation politics, poverty and illiteracy.
Azue, Minko Maryse. "La culture de l’oralité dans les romans de d'Ahmadou Kourouma : "Les soleils des Indépendances" et "En attendant le vote des bêtes sauvages"." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30042.
Повний текст джерелаThe novels of Kourouma return to a general situation of the use of French in the French-speaking countries. Either as a colonial heritage or as a tool of the African elite and intelligentsia, the French language is a controversial issue. Kourouma as well of other Africans writers encounter a form of linguistic hibridity because they have on a side the mother tongue and other the French language. With through the writing of Kourouma, one discloses a rewriting of the oral tradition with a description of the features of orality (tale, proverbs, riddles, currencies…). The gaol of this work was especially to raise the ambiguity between orality and writing. In fact, orality is not the shape of scriptural inculture because it fixes in time, the cultural richness and all the thought afric from generation to generation by the means of the word and the training of the customs and habits as well as the writing. The transcription of this orality made foresee a style which mixes news linguistic elements (africanisms, neologisms, loans…) for the use of traditional French. Ultimately, starting from his artistic universe, the author posed the stakes of a hybrid writing by initiating the shapes of a new African novel
Seror, Avner. "Essays on Political Economy and Cultural Evolution." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH028/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe first chapter of this dissertation presents a theory of child development and parental rearingpractices. In the model, a benevolent parent seeks to transmit cultural norms to her child, whoacquires cognitive skills and develops a capital of appreciation for adopting behaviors that accordwith these norms. Our cultural perspective on the issue of cognitive development provides aninterpretation grid for various results established in the empirical literature. It also permits to identifythe parental characteristics that are conducive to various parenting styles, to child neglect and tochild maltreatment.The second chapter provides a theory of religious prohibition against usury and innovation and itsconsequences on economic activities and occupations. As an economic prohibition from themajority religion is sustained by a threat of social exclusion from that cultural group, it has lesseffects on religious minorities. It then creates an occupational pattern where only the religiousminorities choose activities that transgress the prohibition. By creating resentment against thereligious minorities, this occupational pattern strengthens the diffusion of the majority religion in thepopulation. An economic prohibition is then instigated by the clerics in the majority religion,because it allows them to consolidate their norms and to increase the scope of their control overpopular masses. This work also demonstrates that an economic prohibition lasts longer whenreligious clerics can legitimize secular rulers and when the competition on the religious market isweaker.In the last chapter, we present a microfounded theory of multi-candidate political competition takingan "industrial organization" perspective of politics. The analytical framework is shown to be exibleenough to address several applications on the topics of special interest politics, coalition formationin the legislature in proportional elections, and redistribution under alternative electoral rules
Freitas, Barros Maciel Tania Maria de. "Problèmes actuels du développement culturel et social scolaire et extra-scolaire d'une région en voie de développement : Corumba et le Pantanal." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H091.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis analyzes the problem of social and cultural development within the frame of development sociology based on a preliminary local economic plan. The criteria employed are those of sociocultural development and ecological development refering to an ecodevelopment of nature without damage aggression to the regional environment. Within the sociocultural scope we deal with formal, informal and non-formal education that encompasses all coluntary activities of leisure time as well as those of professional and academic time. The issues of cultural identity and animation and of popular culture have also been the fous of our attention. Our hypothesis is that the movement of the town in full growth offers new possibilities of voluntary participation towards development. We interviewed fifty-three leaders of one hundred sixty seven local associations to better understand the origins of the town of corumba and the pantanal region of brazil. Therealter we have tried to analyze : who are these leaders? what are the activities of these associations? what do the leaders think about development and the natural and historical heritage? both a great awareness and a sense of limitation were revealed to be the answers
Godet, Xavier. "Biologie du colchique (colchicum autumnale l. ) : multiplication vegetative par voie traditionnelle et in vitro." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF2D189.
Повний текст джерелаNégri, Vincent. "L'édification du droit du patrimoine culturel : évolutions et tensions." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111007.
Повний текст джерелаBaribault, Hélène. "Régulation hormonale de la prolifération, de la maturation et de l'expression des cytokératines des cultures d'hépatocytes en voie de différenciation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33558.
Повний текст джерелаMontréal Trigonix inc. 2018
Engueng, Ondo Anatole Christian. "La double réception de la culture traditionnelle et de la culture occidentale dans les sociétés en voie de développement : la production interculturelle chez les Fang du Gabon." Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20034.
Повний текст джерелаThe twofold reception of traditional and western cultures relies on the intercultural production within a population of Africa continent, in this case the Fang of Gabon. Founded on an ethnographical field, the reception theories are essentially based on the psychology of media receivers and they allow us to define and understand the behaviours of the members of a given cultural and speech community within the contexts of intercultural communication. The twofold reception is based on a population not only imbued with its own culture but also with the one of other Gabonese and African communities. However at the top of the main framework of the twofold reception are the relationships with the western culture. These intercultural relationships result from colonization and from current modern influences (Europe and the United States of America). The causes of rejections, negotiations and reappropriations in the contexts of intercultural communication can be explained by the reconstruction of the social reality. The aim of the first part is to look into the history of Fang society and study the making of sense of the first intercultural contacts during colonization. The emphasis on the impact of colonial government, schools and modern skills, ways of life, conversion to christianism, trade and others. The second part focuses on the traditional means of communication peculiar to the Fang (mvett, tales, legends, proverbs, traditional rejoicing songs) and to the western world (radio and television). It is a study about the respective influences of those means of communication within that community. The last part presents the new experimental field and shows the extent of the intercultural production in the contemporary Fang society. It is based on the thematically analysis of audio-visual works and it studies the different perceptions of the receivers about the future of the traditional culture when they are confronted with the phenomena of interculturality
Ruaud, Juliette. "À la lisière du vote : socio-histoire de l'institution électorale dans le Sénégal colonial (années 1840-1960)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69063.
Повний текст джерелаÀ partir d'une collecte d'archives et d'entretiens, cette thèse propose de renouveler l'histoire de l'institution électorale au Sénégal durant la période coloniale. Ce travail affirme la double nécessité d'historiciser les phénomènes de circulation internationale et d'extraversion des normes et des dispositifs de vote, et d'élargir l'horizon géographique de la socio-histoire du vote pour tendre vers une histoire plus polycentrée. Revisiter le cas sénégalais, qui incarne le modèle triomphal de la diffusion des pratiques électorales depuis un centre européen, incite à questionner un récit de l'universalisation du vote individuel-majoritaire et secret qui serait d'office celui d'une victoire progressive. En nous détachant des conceptions les plus évidentes du vote et en analysant les catégories produites dans le contexte colonial, nous mettons au jour des pratiques jusque là négligées ou envisagées de manière cloisonnée : élections menées par les militaires lors de la conquête à partir des formes électives vernaculaires, pratiques locales de dévolution du pouvoir, dispositifs de participation et de délibération nés de la pratique administrative, élections dans les chefferies, élections séditieuses, etc. Seule la prise en compte de cette pluralité de pratiques et de procédures permet de comprendre la forme prise par l'institution électorale dans le pays et sa consolidation. Ceci, sans nous limiter à un inventaire, mais en passant de l'étude de l'acte de vote à celle d'un espace de pratiques. Nous défendons ainsi la nécessité d'une approche relationnelle, capable de montrer que l'institutionnalisation du vote s'est d'abord jouée à ses frontières. En nous situant successivement à l'échelle de la société coloniale et au plus proche de ces activités, nous montrons les influences réciproques qui existent entre les pratiques et les formes de concurrences, de différenciations et de requalifications à l'œuvre. Arpenter l'histoire du vote au Sénégal permet en retour d'interroger plus largement les temporalités et les rythmes de l'histoire de l'institution électorale et partant d'en proposer un récit moins linéaire.
Ginis, Olivia. "Identification de facteurs de transcription régulateurs de la voie de biosynthèse des alcaloïdes indoliques monoterpéniques chez Catharanthus roseus." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR4014/document.
Повний текст джерелаCatharanthus roseus is a tropical plant producing specifically monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIA) of high interest due to their therapeutical values. In C. roseus cells, the terpenoid branch including the methyl erythritol phosphate pathway (MEP) provides the MIA terpenoid moiety and is regarded as limited for MIA biosynthesis. This branch presents a coordinated transcriptional regulation in response to hormonal signals leading to MIA production. In this context, bioinformatic analysises and functional characterization of MEP pathway gene promoters allowed the identification of new transcription factor families involved in the MIA pathway regulation. Members of ZCT proteins, WRKY and type B RR families specifically interact with the hds promoter from the MEP pathway and regulate its activity. This work permits to gain into insight the transcriptional network controlling the MIA biosynthesis. It is possible now to consider using transcription factor that act as activators and target genes from the terpenoid branch to increase the accumulation of alkaloids of pharmaceutical interest in C. roseus by metabolic engineering approaches
BERTHALON, ETIENNE. "Regulation de la voie de biosynthese de l'ethylene dans les cellules de tabac en culture sous l'effet d'eliciteurs fongiques." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30236.
Повний текст джерелаBerthalon, Etienne. "Régulation de la voie de biosynthèse de l'éthylène dans les cellules de tabac en culture sous l'effet d'éliciteurs fongiques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595994x.
Повний текст джерелаGhelis, Thanos. "Etude d'une voie de transduction de l'acide abscissique dans les cellules en suspension d'Arabidopsis thaliana." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066428.
Повний текст джерелаPineo-Jensen, Shelley. "An Informed Electorate: The Relationship Between the Standardization of Public Education and Voter Participation." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13273.
Повний текст джерелаZida, Raguidissida Emile. "Les industries culturelles dans les pays francophones d'Afrique subsaharienne : cas du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL022/document.
Повний текст джерелаTHESIS SUMMARYAfrica is no exception to the debates on the cultural industries, already in vogue, at the global level. Although well developed in the North, cultural industries are less developed in Africa. In the continent, while some countries have successful models of development in this sector, like Nigeria or South Africa, the cultural industries in francophone countries of sub-Saharan Africa are still in a precarious level. This seems likely due to a late awareness of their issues, socio-political considerations, or a misunderstanding of the roles of the actors. Hence our interest in studying the role of public authorities in the process of cultural industries development in Burkina Faso, through the following subject: Cultural industries in francophone countries of sub-Saharan Africa: case of Burkina Faso. To carry out our reflection on the subject, the methodology consisted as well of a theoretical brusaillage and field investigations, allowing to confirm the hypotheses emitted.In Burkina Faso, the cultural industries are dynamic, by their organization, despite some shortcomings in the development of cultural sectors. This dynamic, favorable to the implementation of major initiatives and cultural events, makes the country as a "cultural crossroads" in Africa. Cultural industries generate considerable social, political and economic impacts for the country. However, these profits are the subject of conflicts between mainly industrial culture sector and the public sector. It is therefore essential that public authorities and cultural private sector work in synergy, with well-defined roles, to take the challenges seriously, for a more viable, dynamic and sustainable sector
Rondags, Emmanuel. "Production d'arômes laitiers par des lactocoques : recherche de la voie de synthèse du diacétyle et d'une mise en œuvre en réacteur continu à haute densité cellulaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_RONDAGS_E.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRenaud, Thomas. "Action sanitaire et changement social dans un pays en voie de développement : Le cas du Sénégal." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUEL048.
Повний текст джерелаThe sanitary situation in Africa is the aim of a lot of actions. One of the successes in prevention and sanitary education is the exemple of the catholic private dispensaries in Senegal. By studying health as a complicated element of a cultural system, we show that , behind the proper qualities of theses dispensaries, we must look for the conditions of the sanitary behaviouring change in the transformation of the interaction system of the designed social group. This transformation is the product of foreign constraining elements and inner elements of the system. The emigrated workers'situation is a good picture of it. By the comparative studying of two ethnic groups of economical immigrated people in France, we tend to show that sanitary education is subjected to complicated sociological mechanisms, especially in acculturation, and that it cannot be alone, mover of change in its sphere
Silva, Brito Cesar Edmundo. "Determinantes Institucionales y Culturales de la Participación Electoral en América Latina: Análisis Comparativo entre Voto Obligatorio y Voluntario." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/102487.
Повний текст джерелаGuo, XinMei. "Biohydrogen production and metabolic pathways in dark fermentation related to the composition of organic solid waste." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20112/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aims to investigate the effect of solid substrates composition on hydrogen production performances, metabolic pathways and microbial community changes in batch reactor and their dynamics in semi continuous reactors (sCSTR). Hydrogen is an ideal energy carrier which has gained scientific interest over the past decade. Biological H2, so-called biohydrogen, can especially be produced by dark fermentation processes concomitantly with value-added molecules (i.e. metabolic end-products), while organic waste is treated. However, the effect of solid organic waste composition on biohydrogen production in dark fermentation has not yet been clearly elucidated. In this study, a bibliographic review was made on hydrogen production from agricultural waste. This survey on literature showed that diverse performances were reported on hydrogen production due to the variability in substrate compositions and experimental conditions. After having optimized a protocol of biohydrogen potential test (BHP), a wide variety of organic solid substrates aiming to covering a large range of solid waste was tested to provide a comparable data analysis. The results of a PLS regression showed that only soluble carbohydrates or easily available carbohydrates correlated with hydrogen production. Furthermore, hydrogen yields correlated as well with butyrate H2-producing pathway which is consistent with the literature knowledge. A predictive model of hydrogen yield according to carbohydrate content was proposed. Then, experiments were carried out in sCSTR with Jerusalem artichoke tubers as a case study. It was shown that low organic loading rate favored continuous hydrogen production while higher organic loading introduced hydrogen competition pathways and decreased the overall hydrogen yields. Moereover, 16S rRNA gene based CE-SSCP profiles showed that increasing OLR had a significant effect on the microbial diversity by favoring the implementation of microorganisms not producing hydrogen, i.e. lactic acid bacteria
Banniard, Michel. "Viva voce. Communication orale et communication ecrite du ive au ixe siecle en occident latin." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040057.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Thanh Mai. "Extraction de substances aromatisantes produites par voie microbiologique : étude des interactions entre substances d'arôme et constituants d'un milieu de culture liquide." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS046.
Повний текст джерелаDebersaques, Simon. "« Et en plus, on travaille avec le quartier ». Analyse des tensions entre équipements culturels hybrides et quartiers populaires en voie de gentrification." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/308810.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Vallée, Isabelle. "Reactivite des lymphocytes t humains vis-a-vis des cellules endotheliales porcines ; preeminence de la voie indirecte de presentation des xenoantigenes." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR3311.
Повний текст джерелаLu, Ya-Chuan. "Une autre voie pour les chinois ou comment la psychanalyse pourrait-elle s'écrire dans le monde chinois ?" Paris 8, 2010. http://octaviana.fr/document/150188366#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Повний текст джерелаPsychoanalysis, the field where the unconscious speaks, has been rooted in the European civilisation for over a century now, a civilisation quite different from oriental culture to start with, and even more so to chinese wisdom. When a completely new type of discourse meets an ancient civilisation, how does one, upon study of both civilisations, discover similar ideas and try to find a way to instore a dialog between the two? Regarding this point, a fundamental question arises when applied to the practise of psychoanalysis. We wonder how psychoanalysis, both atheist and individualistic by nature and founded inVienna within a decaying empire, could be relevant and transposable in the Chinese realm. How can we, in the light of theory and psychoanalytical practice, find a middle ground that would allow for the harmonization of clinical interviews, the occidental psychoanalytical school and the ethnocentric Chinese culture? How would these disciplines be perceived in the Chinese world? How could it adapt them to its view of the world? And to start with, could a psychoanalytical session take place in the same way in Peking, Shanghaï, London or in Paris?Could Freud's and Lacan's remarks about Chinese thinking and ideography allow psychoanalysis to spread in the chinese world? We would like to take the opportunity of this work to open a window with Sigmund Freud's allusions and the comments in doctor Lacan's seminaries regarding the chinese world which cast a different theotical light on the ancient middle kingdom. Our work strives to analyse this point and to back Jacques Lacan's affirmation quoted in the epigraph. We will be looking for correspondences in order to find oportunities to open and develop a dialog
Campos, Acosta Evelyn. "Movimientos de protesta en internet: un estudio de caso sobre la campaña "yo no presto el voto" en facebook." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/136653.
Повний текст джерелаLa presente investigación buscó describir la cultura del movimiento de protesta #YoNOPrestoelVOTO en Facebook, que levantó el tema de la autoexclusión del sistema político a través de la abstención electoral en Chile, a propósito de la entrada en vigencia en 2012 de la Inscripción Automática en registros electorales para los y las ciudadanos/as mayores de 18 años y el voto voluntario. De modo que, cuando el sistema político flexibilizó la inclusión, la sociedad movilizó el conflicto hacia la autoexclusión, y la abstención electoral llegó a alcanzar el 80% en Elecciones Primarias (SERVEL, 2013b). Siendo Internet un terreno indeterminado desde la perspectiva de la Teoría de Sistemas de Niklas Luhmann, la reconceptualización de la cultura como médium específico del sentido (Laermans, 2007) orientó las observaciones sobre esquemas de distinción que se condensan y confirman en las comunicaciones de los usuarios de esta página en Facebook, dilucidando los fundamentos tras la abstención electoral como protesta en este escenario tecnológico. A partir de un diseño metodológico mixto, orientado por el constructivismo sociopoiético y la observación de segundo orden (Arnold, 2003), se logró aprehender el flujo comunicacional de un entorno virtual. Los principales resultados revelan la co-existencia de dos culturas que se interpelan en el ciberespacio construyendo una observación conjunta y antitética sobre el sistema político chileno, guiados por el esquema abstención / sufragio. Asimismo, se aprecia en la cultura abstencionista el cuestionamiento y pérdida de significación del código del poder gobierno/oposición, probabilizado por la consideración del objeto tecnológico como herramienta de estrategia política
Godart, Matthias. "Interactions fonctionnelles entre voies signalétiques intrinsèques et voie des hormones thyroïdiennes dans les cellules souches et progéniteurs de l'épithélium intestinal." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1138.
Повний текст джерелаThyroid hormones (THs) control several aspects of gut development and homeostasis. They act through the thyroid hormone nuclear receptors (TRs) that are T3-modulated transcription factors. The paradigm is the amphibian metamorphosis, where they are responsible for gut remodeling and emergence of the stem cells (Ishizuya-Oka et al, 2009). In previous studies we showed that THs play a fundamental role in regulating the balance between cell proliferation and cell differentiation of the murine intestinal epithelial precursors. From a molecular point of view the nuclear receptor TRα1 controls several proliferation/cell-cycle genes as well as the Wnt and Notch pathways (rev. in Sirakov et al, 2104; Skah et al, 2017). In accordance with these functions, targeted expression of TRα1 in the intestinal epithelium (vil-TRα1 mice) is sufficient to induce aberrant and hyper-proliferative crypts and confers increased susceptibility to Apc-mutation dependent intestinal tumorigenic program (vil-TRα1/Apc+/1638N mice) (Kress et al, 2010). The aim of my work was to study TH- and TRα1-dependent control of intestinal stem cells. Indeed, I used the Lgr5-EGFP-ires-CreERT2 mice enable tracking, sorting and targeting the stem cells (Barker et al, 2007) crossed with tamoxifen inducible TRα1 loss-of-function (Quignodon et al, 2007) mouse model (TRα1-LOF). I studied the effect of TH/TRα1 alteration in vivo and in intestinal organoids (ex vivo). In conclusion, our results indicate that HTs and modulating TRα1 expression or activity have a rapid and strong effect on the intestinal stem cells. This work opens a new perspective in the study of TH/TRα1-dependent signal on the physiopathology of the intestinal stem cells
BRIQUET-LAUGIER, VERONIQUE. "Cultures primaires d'adipocytes et de leurs precurseurs issus de rats zucker : effets genotypique et hormonal sur les enzymes impliquees dans la voie de stockage des acides gras." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066066.
Повний текст джерелаPouchkova, Meyer Svetlana. "Vers un dictionnaire des mots à Charge Culturelle Partagée comme voie d'accès à une culture étrangère (FLE) : le cas des apprenants immigrés adultes multiculturels." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/POUCHKOVA_MEYER_Svetlana_2010.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe culture of comportment of the majority can 't try to get the confession in the society side by side with the scientific culture. The French linguist R. GALISSON called this culture as "generally accepted", so the majority bearers of language posses il. It is nowhere studied, it is taken outside of school during the process of the daily life. Nevertheless, it is very important because it indicates at the same time: The sign of identify between people who rank themselves among the same society; The model of socio- cultural comportment (the conditional model) in the daily life's situations; The sign of benevolence or, in the other words, the common denominator for the best comprehension and tolerance. If this the most important culture is acquired by the bearers of language during the everyday life, it can be described and studied by the foreign students at the French lessons. Lt takes place thanks to the specific words which carry the vast layer of the "generally accepted" culture. These words must be defioed and entered in the special cultural dictionary, the purpose of which is to facilitate the perception of the socio- cultural component in the discourse and the comportment of the bearers oflanguage for the foreign students
Loper, Jordan. "Three essays on gender and cultural economics." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0220.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis explores the long term effects of ancestral norms on contemporaneous outcomes, in the context of developing countries, with a specific focus on gender related outcomes. The 1st chapter explores the long-term effect of matrilineality on contemporaneous female HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. I find that females originating from ancestrally matrilineal ethnic groups are today more likely to be infected by HIV. Matrilineal females’ riskier sexual and contraceptive behaviours constitute the main explanatory mechanisms. The 2nd chapter explores how cultural norms and development policies interact in shaping women’s empowerment and well-being in developing countries. My co-authors and I examine this question in the context of legal reforms and their differentiated impact on divorce and empowerment across traditional modes of post-marital cohabitation. We find that matrilocal women divorce more than patrilocal women following the reform and, when in stable marriages, experience a significant improvement in well-being and empowerment. The 3rd chapter examines the link between thedistribution of power in marriage and the decision to split-migrate (one spouse migrates alone) in Indonesia. Building on the second chapter, we find that the propensity of matrilocal husbands to split-migrate, relative to patrilocal husbands, increases by 41-76%, following the reform. We suggest that empowered women may have ex-ante gained control over outcomes that are costlier to monitor for husbands when they migrate. Hence, empowerment restores some efficiency in migration decisions by reducing the anticipated information asymmetry and the moral hazard associated with migration
Anne, Sara. "Influence de la nutrition cuprique sur les composantes du rendement du blé dur (Triticum durum) : et étude de la distribution du cuivre radioactif absorbé par voie racinaire." Toulouse, INPT, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985INPT007A.
Повний текст джерелаKandou, Koumba Marie Josée. "Anthropologie et sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel vivant au Gabon : le rôle des musées." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU1058/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn recent decades, museums have multiplied in most African societies; each cultural sector, each community, each city wants its own, for prestige or to develop economic and tourism activity. As a result, the design of the museum has evolved in its form, objectives, organization and management. This has given rise to financial challenges, from which concepts such as the cultural enterprise and its relationship with the market, the preservation of collections and their enhancement through exhibitions open to different audiences have emerged. As the museum becomes a driving force in cultural policies, both at the national and local levels, Gabon is lagging behind in this area, despite its potential. However, a museum without a collection does not exist: it must be a place of exhibition or interpretation. And a museum without a public would be a reserve or a center for the study of collections. It is through the consumption of images of history in time and space that individuals' subjective experiences of cultural policy are shaped. This individual subjectivity leads us to conceive the museum differently. Today, however, this revision seems problematic, especially for a Gabonese man. Indeed, instead of being part of a more or less homogeneous local identity that is circumscribed within the national identity, it maintains broader ethnic ties because of personal, economic, professional or financial relationships that sometimes transcend the nation's geographical and cultural borders. Thus, in Gabon, the management of cultural heritage must take into account not only the benefits of its enhancement but also local actors. The aim is to enable local populations to benefit from the benefits of the enhancement of their heritage. For, unframed development leads to mass tourism with its disadvantage, namely the erosion of heritage and cultural values, caused by either natural or human degradation. This is why it is necessary to introduce a new approach that requires considering cultural heritage management as a factor in local and national development
Pontanier, Émilie. "Culture laïque en terre musulmane : une voie scolaire laïque en Tunisie ou les processus d'une distinction sociale, culturelle et cultuelle avant la Révolution de 2011." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20081.
Повний текст джерелаWhat are the strategies and expectations of Tunisian and French-Tunisian families who chose a French high school for their children? How does this choice fit with their country's history, especially its colonial past? This research is about the various forms of social, cultural and religious distinctions these families are looking for and the strategies they undertake to meet them. Main aspects of these distinctions consist of the international recognition of French diplomas, the weight of language and culture or the wish for a secular socialisation. By putting their children in the French educational system, parents avoid their perceived dead ends of Tunisian state schools marked by arabisation and standardisation policies. They also involve their children in an institution that will bring in symbolic and material benefits, either on the national or international level, as the French educational system produces highly valued resources, which is a way to ensure social reproduction. These educational choices are also linked to secularism which is credited for enabling a world view with less strict forms of religion or even religious abstention. Thus, given the antagonism between religious and secular fields, students and parents in French high schools would privilege the latter to express their opinions. This population, mainly reluctant to religious fundamentalism, is looking to be different, culturally and religiously, through secular education
بأيّ توجّه وأيّ طموح يشي اختيار بعض الأُسر التونسية أو المزدوجة الجنسيّة تسجيلَ أبنائها في ثانويّة فرنسيّة؟ ما المعنى الذي يحمله هذا الخيار حين يوضع في السياق التاريخي لتونس وحين يُأخذ ماضيها الاستعماري بعين الاعتبار؟ تحمل عمليّة التمايز الاجتماعي والثقافي والإيماني التي تتطلّع إليها الأسر التونسيّة وتعمل لأجل تحقيقها عدّة عناوين رئيسة تتلخّص بالتوجّه نحو شهادة جامعيّة ذات أفق دولي والميل إلى بعض التصوّرات عن اللغة والثقافة الفرنسيّتان والنزوع إلى تنشئة علمانيّة للأبناء. وهي حين توكل تربية هؤلاء إلى المؤسسات الفرنسيّة فإنّها تجتنب انسداد الأفق في التعليم الرسمي التونسي، متفاديةً سياسته في التعريب والاستيعاب المدرسي. هكذا يُنظر إلى اندراج هؤلاء الأطفال في تلك المؤسسة كرأسمال يَعِدُ بفوائد ماديّة ورمزية. أضِف إلى ذلك أنّ المعايير التربويّة المرجوّة لدى هذه الأسر قد ترتبط في أذهانهم بعلمانيّة التعليم التي تميل إلى رؤيةٍ للعالم لصيقةٍ إمّا بالترويج لاعتدال التديّن أو بالدعوة إلى إقصاء الدين تماماً. بناءً على ذلك، فإن النظام التربوي الفرنسي يسمح، على المستويين المحلّي والدولي، بإنتاج مصادر ذات قيمة مضافة مرتفعة تساعد هذه الأسر على إعادة إنتاج نفسها اجتماعيّاً. من ناحية أخرى، تفيد علمانيّة التعليم في إنتاج تمايزٍ اجتماعي وعقائديّ لدى شريحة اجتماعيّة لا يمكن للفكر الديني الأصولي أن ينفذ إليها
Marcouiller, Gilles. "L'oeuvre de Fernand Dumont : une voie du renouvellement de la foi chrétienne au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24365/24365.pdf.
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