Статті в журналах з теми "Cucumber plant"
Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Cucumber plant.
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 статей у журналах для дослідження на тему "Cucumber plant".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте статті в журналах для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
1
Arima, Seiichi, and Naoshi Kondo. "Cucumber Harvesting Robot and Plant Training System." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 11, no. 3 (June 20, 1999): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1999.p0208.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumber is one of the most popular vegetables cultivated in Japan. It must be harvested daily because of rapid maturation and the deterioration of quality in cucumbers harvested too late. We developed a cucumber harvesting robot using a visual sensor, manipulator, endeffector, and traveling device. To discriminate cucumbers from leaves and stems, we used a monochrome TV camera with 550 nm and 850 nm wavelength interference filters. After thresholding images, cucumbers were recognized morphologically. A seven degree-of-freedom (DOF) polar coordinate manipulator moved to a target cucumber and a harvesting end-effector grasped the top, detected the peduncle, and cut it. The manipulator and end-effector were trialmanufactured based on the cucumber's physical properties. A 4-wheel traveling device carrying the robot then moved to the next plant. Experiments verified the robot's feasibility in harvesting cucumbers.
2
Hanna, H. Y., P. D. Colyer, T. L. Kirkpatrick, D. J. Romaine, and P. R. Vernon. "Feasibility of Improving Cucumber Yield without Chemical Control in Soils Susceptible to Nematode Buildup." HortScience 29, no. 10 (October 1994): 1136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.10.1136.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Studies were conducted for 2 years in root-knot-nematode-infested soils to determine growth and yield response of `Dasher II' cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) to double-cropping with nematode-resistant tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), using nematode-free cucumber transplants and preplant treatment with ethoprop nematicide. Cucumbers grown following the nematode-resistant `Celebrity' tomato during the same season produced significantly more plant dry weight, more fruit per plant, and higher premium and total yields than did cucumbers double-cropped with the nematode-susceptible `Heatwave' tomato in both years. The cucumber produced longer stems in 1992 and fewer culls in 1993 following resistant tomatoes. Cucumber plants raised in nematode-free soilless mix for 3 weeks before transplanting produced significantly longer stems and more plant dry weight than did direct-seeded cucumbers in 1992, but not in 1993; however, they produced significantly higher premium yield in both years, and higher total yield, more fruit per plant, and fewer culls in 1993. Preplant treatment with ethoprop significantly increased cucumber stem length, dry weight, premium and total yield, and number of fruit per plant in 1992 but not in 1993. Ethoprop treatment had no effect on the percentage of culls in either year. Chemical name used: O-ethyl S,S-dipropyl phosphorodithioate (ethoprop).
3
Ells, James E., and Ann E. McSay. "Allelopathic Effects of Alfalfa Plant Residues on Emergence and Growth of Cucumber Seedlings." HortScience 26, no. 4 (April 1991): 368–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.4.368.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Growth chamber tests demonstrated that alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) residue is toxic to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seed germination and seedling growth. Ground alfalfa roots at 0.5% (w/w, dry weight) inhibited germination when added to the growing medium. Alfalfa roots at 0.5% were also toxic to pregerminated cucumber seed. However, cucumber seedlings grew normally if this same medium was watered and incubated for >1 day before planting. Alfalfa particle size in media influenced cucumber performance, with the intermediate size (1 to 2 mm) being lethal to cucumbers.
4
Guan, Wenjing, Dean Haseman, and Dennis Nowaskie. "Rootstock Evaluation for Grafted Cucumbers Grown in High Tunnels: Yield and Plant Growth." HortScience 55, no. 6 (June 2020): 914–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14867-20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Grafting technology is increasingly being accepted in the United States, particularly for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production under protected structures. There is a great potential to expand this technology to other high tunnel crops. Using grafting technology in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) production is widely adopted in Asia to enhance cucumbers’ tolerance to low temperatures. But this technique is rarely used in the United States mainly because of the lack of information on the performance of the grafted plants under local production systems. Figleaf gourd (Cucurbita ficifolia), Cucurbita moschata, and squash interspecific hybrid (Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata) are the most used cucumber rootstocks worldwide. But their comparative performance was largely unknown for cucumber production in high tunnels in the Midwest United States. This study was therefore designed to compare the major types of cucumber rootstocks with the goal of identifying a rootstock with the maximized benefits for high tunnel cucumber production in the area. Nongrafted ‘Socrates’ and ‘Socrates’ grafted with Cucurbita moschata, squash interspecific hybrid, and figleaf gourd rootstocks were evaluated in high tunnels from March to June or July in 2016–19 at the Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center in Vincennes, IN. Transplant establishment, vine growth, and yield in early- and main-crop seasons were investigated. Grafted plants regardless of rootstocks ensured transplant survival even when the soil temperatures were dropped below 10 °C. Suboptimal soil conditions were encountered in the first month after transplanting. Grafted cucumbers with squash interspecific hybrid rootstock significantly increased vine growth from March to April and increased early-season yields (yield before 15 May) by 1.8 to 18.2 times compared with the early-season yields of the nongrafted cucumbers. The benefits provided by using grafting technology dismissed around middle May. Only squash interspecific hybrid rootstock improved cucumber yields in the entire production seasons. Cucumbers grafted with figleaf gourd rootstock had the lowest yield and the least plant growth after mid-May, indicating figleaf gourd rootstock may not be suitable for cucumber production under the current production system. Overall, squash interspecific hybrid was the most promising rootstock for early-season high tunnel cucumber production in the Midwest United States.
5
Hanna, H. Y. "TOMATOES AND CUCUMBERS ARE A GOOD COMBINATION FOR A DOUBLE-CROPPING SYSTEM." HortScience 30, no. 3 (June 1995): 428b—428. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.3.428b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Several studies were conducted to determine the effect of using tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plant skeletons as a support for trellised cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) double-cropped with tomatoes. In addition, the effect of mulch color, drip irrigation, and root-knot nematodes on subsequent cucumber yield also were examined. The presence of tomato skeletons significantly reduced the total yield (U.S. Fancy, no. 1, and no. 2), but not the premium (U.S. Fancy, no. 1) yield of cucumbers. Black polyethylene mulch used for the previous tomato crop had no undesirable effect on cucumber yield compared to the white mulch. Drip irrigated cucumber using same tomato irrigation lines significantly increased cucumber yield compared to nonirrigated cucumber. Cucumbers planted after nematode resistant tomatoes produced significantly higher yields than cucumber planted after nematode-susceptible tomatoes.
6
Caldwell, John, and Maurice Ogutu. "490 Effects of Rye–Vetch No-till and Habitat Strips and Black Plastic Mulch on Insect Densities, Weed Control, and Freshmarket Cucumber Growth and Yield." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 478E—479. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.478e.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Greater plant diversity is associated with reduced insect pest pressure, but field-scale vegetable production systems incorporating plant diversity have been lacking. Cucumber was grown in 1998 and 1999 at the Virginia Tech Kentland experimental farm, by direct seeding or transplanting into rye/vetch mixture rolled to make a no-till mulch alternating with strips of vetch left to flower as a habitat for beneficial insects between cucumber rows, or direct-seeded into black plastic mulch between habitat strips or with bare soil between rows. Rye and hairy vetch were seeded at 56 kg·ha–1 each the preceding fall; only rye was planted in plots without habitats. A rippled coulter, cutting shank, and daisy wheels mounted on a tractor-drawn toolbar enabled a belt-driven seeder to seed cucumbers without pulling the no-till mulch. One hand weeding in cucumber rows at 3 weeks after planting (WAP) provided weed control equivalent to pre-emergence herbicide. At 3 WAP, no-till transplanted cucumbers had higher above-ground plant dry weights than no-till direct seeded cucumbers in both years, but, at 6 WAP, cucumber above-ground plant dry weights were equal (1999) or higher (1998) in direct seeded no-till than in transplanted no-till or black plastic mulch on bare soil. In 1999, Pennsylvania leatherwings, Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus DeG. (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), a cucumber beetle predator, had higher densities and cucumber beetles lower densities in no-till plots than in black plastic mulch plots, and bacterial wilt incidence was reduced in plots with habitat strips and no insecticide application compared to plots without habitat strips and four insecticide applications. Cumulative marketable yields in no-till were 59% higher in 1998 and 23% higher in 1999 compared to yields on black plastic mulch.
7
Hanna, H. Y. "Cucumbers Planted Immediately after the Termination of a Nematode-resistant Tomato Cultivar Produce Higher Yields." HortTechnology 12, no. 2 (January 2002): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.12.2.211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the southern United States, the polyethylene-mulched and drip-irrigated beds remaining after the last harvest of fresh-market tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) offer the potential for producing a cucumber (Cucumis sativus) crop to increase grower profit. A 2-year study of double-cropping cucumbers with `Celebrity' (nematode-resistant) and `Heatwave' (nematode-susceptible) tomato cultivars was conducted at the Red River Research Station in northwestern Louisiana to assess the benefits of this system and to determine how soon cucumbers should be planted following the termination of the tomato crop. Results indicated that cucumbers planted after `Celebrity' produced significantly greater premium and total yields per acre than did cucumbers planted after `Heatwave'. Plant fresh weight of cucumbers was greater and the percentage of galled roots was smaller when planted after `Celebrity' than when planted after `Heatwave'. Planting dates had significant effects on cucumber yield. Cucumbers planted in early July, immediately after the termination of the tomato crop produced the highest yield. Cucumbers planted in early August, 1 month after terminating the tomato crop produced an intermediate yield, and cucumbers planted in September, 2 months after the termination of the tomato crop, produced the lowest yield. A gradual decline of plant fresh weight and a gradual increase of galled-root percentage resulted from delaying cucumber planting beyond the July month. Year of planting had no significant effect on cucumber productivity, but it did influence plant fresh weight and the percentage of galled roots significantly. Average minimum temperature in September was lower than the minimum safe temperature for growing cucumbers. The combined effect of higher temperature and lower percentage of galled roots may have contributed to the increased yield of cucumbers planted in July.
8
Jankauskienė, Julė, Kristina Laužikė, and Danguolė Kavaliauskaitė. "Effects of Vermicompost on Quality and Physiological Parameters of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings and Plant Productivity." Horticulturae 8, no. 11 (October 31, 2022): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8111009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumbers productivity and fruit quality depend on seedlings’ quality. The success of seedling cultivation largely depends on the choice of a suitable substrate. Therefore the aim of this research is to determine the effect of peat-vermicompost substrates on cucumber seedling quality and crop yield. The research was carried out in a greenhouse covered with double polymeric film in the Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. Cucumber seedlings were grown in different substrates: peat, peat+10% vermicompost, peat+20% vermicompost, and peat+30% vermicompost. The growth of cucumber seedlings in peat and vermicompost substrates was induced. They were 1.9–18.6% taller, and the leaf area of this seedlings was 1.2–1.4 time larger. Furthermore, the fresh leaves mass of these seedlings was 22.7–33.1%, and the fresh root mass was 1.1–1.5 time bigger. The addition of vermicompost to peat substrate has a positive effect on the physiological parameters in the leaves of cucumber seedlings. The total yield of cucumbers grown in peat-vermicompost substrates was 7.4–11.1% higher than that of plants whose seedlings grew in peat substrate.
9
Salah, Radwa, Rui-Jin Zhang, Shi-Wei Xia, Shan-Shan Song, Qian Hao, Mustafa H. Hashem, Huan-Xiu Li, Yu Li, Xi-Xiang Li, and Yun-Song Lai. "Higher Phytohormone Contents and Weaker Phytohormone Signal Transduction Were Observed in Cold-Tolerant Cucumber." Plants 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11070961.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) originated from the South Asian subcontinent, and most of them are fragile to cold stress. In this study, we evaluated the cold tolerance of 115 cucumber accessions and screened out 10 accessions showing high resistance to cold stress. We measured and compared plant hormone contents between cold-tolerant cucumber CT90R and cold-sensitive cucumber CT57S in cold treatment. Most of the detected plant hormones showed significantly higher content in CT90R. To elucidate the role of plant hormones, we compared the leaf- and root-transcriptomes of CT90R with those of CT57S in cold stress treatment. In leaves, there were 1209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CT90R and CT57S, while there were 703 in roots. These DEGs were not evenly distributed across the chromosomes and there were significant enrichments at particular positions, including qLTT6.2, a known QTL controlling cucumber cold tolerance. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the pathway of plant hormone transductions between CT90R and CT57S in leaves. In short, genes involved in plant hormone transductions showed lower transcription levels in CT90R. In roots, the most significantly different pathway was phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. CT90R seemed to actively accumulate more monolignols by upregulating cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) genes. These results above suggest a new perspective on the regulation mechanism of cold tolerance in cucumbers.
10
Crane, Melisa, and Todd Wehner. "(5) Cucumber Cultivars and Cultural Practices for Patio Gardening." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1015B—1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1015b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the most popular vegetables grown in U.S. home gardens. The objectives of this study were to identify suitable cultivars and proper plant density for use with container-grown cucumber. Additional objectives were to determine the value of field trials for predicting cucumber performance in containers, and to evaluate different plant types (dwarf vs. tall, gynoecious vs. monoecious, pickling vs. slicing) for container use. Fourteen cultivars and breeding lines were tested at three densities in two seasons using a randomized complete-block design with six replications. Pickling cucumbers were M 21, M 27, NC-74, `NC-Danbury', `NC-Dixon', `Sumter', `Vlaspik', and `Picklebush'. Slicing cucumbers were `Bush Whopper II', `Spacemaster 80', `Bush Champion', `Marketmore 76', `Dasher II', and `Cherokee 7'. Plant densities were one, two, or three plants per container. For both the spring and summer container trials, there were corresponding field trials run at the same time for comparison. Best performance was obtained using three plants per container, or 4 L of soil volume per plant. There was a strong, significant correlation between patio and field trials, permitting gardeners to choose cucumber cultivars with high yield, high quality, and disease resistance using data from field trials. Pickling-type cucumbers have thinner skin than slicing-type cucumbers that were bred for shipping. Gynoecious types must be planted with monoecious cultivars to assure fruit set. Monoecious types can self-pollinate, and have the additional advantage of longer harvest period. Thus, home gardeners may want dwarf, monoecious, pickling types for best performance in containers. The best cultivar of that type was `NC-Danbury'.
11
Li, Shalan, Jingxiong Zhang, Hui Liu, Nian Liu, Guojing Shen, Huifu Zhuang, and Jianqiang Wu. "Dodder-transmitted mobile signals prime host plants for enhanced salt tolerance." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 3 (October 26, 2019): 1171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz481.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The dodders (Cuscuta spp.) are a genus of shoot parasites. In nature, a dodder often simultaneously parasitizes two or more neighboring hosts. Salt stress is a common abiotic stress for plants. It is unclear whether dodder transmits physiologically relevant salt stress-induced systemic signals among its hosts and whether these systemic signals affect the hosts’ tolerance to salt stress. Here, we simultaneously parasitized two or more cucumber plants with dodder. We found that salt treatment of one host highly primed the connected host, which showed strong decreases in the extent of leaf withering and cell death in response to subsequent salt stress. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that 24 h after salt treatment of one cucumber, the transcriptome of the other dodder-connected cucumber largely resembled that of the salt-treated one, indicating that inter-plant systemic signals primed these dodder-connected cucumbers at least partly through transcriptomic reconfiguration. Furthermore, salt treatment of one of the cucumbers induced physiological changes, including altered proline contents, stomatal conductance, and photosynthetic rates, in both of the dodder-connected cucumbers. This study reveals a role of dodder in mediating salt-induced inter-plant signaling among dodder-connected hosts and highlights the physiological function of these mobile signals in plant–plant interactions under salt stress.
12
Ahmet, Akköprü, and Özaktan Hatice. "Identification of rhizobacteria that increase yield and plant tolerance to angular leaf spot disease in cucumber." Plant Protection Science 54, No. 2 (February 10, 2018): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2017-pps.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The biological control of angular leaf spot disease (ALS) of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus), caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (Psl), using promising rhizobacteria (RB) and to compare RB efficacy to that of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) was investigated. Effects of ASM and RB isolate Pseudomonas putida AA11/1 that was isolated from the healthy cucumber root surface on disease severity and plant growth were evaluated using ALS-susceptible and tolerant cucumber cultivars in a growth chamber and a soilless growing system. ASM and AA11/1 significantly reduced average disease severity of ALS by 69 and 34% in the susceptible cultivar and 92 and 21% in the tolerant cultivar, respectively. ASM treatment significantly reduced Psl populations, but AA11/1 did not inhibit Psl growth in either cultivar. In the soilless system, disease severity was limited by either ASM or AA11/1, whereas only AA11/1 treatments significantly increased cucumber yield by 68 and 33% in the susceptible and tolerant cultivar, respectively.
13
Ngouajio, Mathieu, Erin C. Hill, and William Chase. "(180) Effects of Plant Density on Pickling Cucumber Fruit Quality." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 999C—999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.999c.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumber is an important vegetable in Michigan, where it is grown for slicing (fresh) or processing. Michigan is the top producer of pickling cucumbers in the United States, with over 27% of the total national production. Studies were conducted in 2004 to test the effects of plant density on cucumber fruit quality. Cucumber var. `Vlaspik' was seeded in 30.5, 45.7, 61.0, and 76.2 cm rows with 12.7 cm spacing between plants inside the row, corresponding to final plant populations of 258, 172, 129, and 103 thousand plants/ha, respectively. The experiment used a randomized complete-block design with 4 replications and four rows per plot. At harvest, 10 fruits of grade 2 were randomly selected from each plot for measurement of specific gravity, firmness, soluble solids, color, and seed size. Cucumber fruit specific gravity, soluble solids, and seed size were not affected by plant population size. However, fruit firmness and color varied with plant density. Low plant populations, when compared to high populations, produced darker green fruits, a desired trait in pickling cucumber production. On a scale of 0 (yellowish) to 5 (dark green), plants grown under a population of 258 thousand plants/ha scored an average of 2.8. The score was 4.6 for fruits produced in plots with 103 thousand plants/ha. Low plant populations increased fruit firmness as measured by a puncture test. Fruit firmness was 89, 93, 97, and 95 g·mm-2 for 258, 172, 129, and 103 thousand plants/ha, respectively. Results suggest that cultural practices may affect pickling cucumber fruit quality.
14
Mawarni, L., and M. D. A. Siahaan. "Effect of chicken manure and pruning on kyuri cucumber plant." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 977, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/977/1/012043.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Japanese or kyuri cucumber was more longer, softer and suitable for salads than local cucumber. Cultivation techniques for increasing the production of cucumbers can be done by manipulating growth by the pruning and application of manure especially chicken manure which is more complete than other manures. The study was conducted at Deli Serdang regency in polybag from January until April 2021. The result showed that the application of chicken manure has a significant on fruit weight per plant and root weight at a dose of 600 g/polybag. Pruning the main stem shoots has a real effect on the weight of the fruit. There is an interaction between chicken manure and pruning on fruit weight per plant. The best interaction was in combination of treatment with pruning and manure 600 g/polybag. So, cultivation of cucumbers in polybags is recommended using chicken manure 600 g/polybag and pruning on the main stem shoots.
15
Abdel-Salam, Eslam M., Mohammad Faisal, Abdulrahman A. Alatar, Quaiser Saquib, and Hend A. Alwathnani. "Comparative Analysis between Wild and Cultivated Cucumbers Reveals Transcriptional Changes during Domestication Process." Plants 9, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9010063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The cultivated cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was reported to have been developed from a wild cucumber (Cucumis hystrix Chakrav.), nevertheless, these two organisms exhibit noteworthy differences. For example, the wild cucumber is known for its high resistance to different biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, the leaves and fruits of the wild cucumber have a bitter taste compared to the cultivated cucumber. These differences could be attributed mainly to the differences in gene expression levels. In the present investigation, we analyzed the RNA-sequencing data to show the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the wild and cultivated cucumbers. The identified DEGs were further utilized for Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis and for identification of transcription factors and regulators. In the results, several enriched GO terms in the biological process, cellular component, and molecular functions categories were identified and various enriched pathways, especially the biosynthesis pathways of secondary products were recognized. Plant-specific transcription factor families were differentially expressed between the wild and cultivated cucumbers. The results obtained provide preliminary evidence for the transcriptional differences between the wild and cultivated cucumbers which developed during the domestication process as a result of natural and/or artificial selection, and they formulate the basis for future genetic research and improvement of the cultivated cucumber.
16
Maboko, Martin M., Christian Phillipus Du Plooy, and Silence Chiloane. "Yield and Mineral Content of Hydroponically Grown Mini-Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as Affected by Reduced Nutrient Concentration and Foliar Fertilizer Application." HortScience 52, no. 12 (December 2017): 1728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12496-17.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nutrient application is one of the major inputs required for hydroponic production of cucumbers. Reduced nutrient solution concentration with supplementary foliar fertilizer application may maintain yield and quality of mini-cucumber, while decreasing the production costs. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of foliar fertilizer in combination with reduced nutrient concentrations on the yield and quality of hydroponically grown mini-cucumber in a plastic tunnel. Mini-cucumber plants were grown in sawdust, fertigated with nutrient solutions containing 100% (control), 75%, 50%, or 25% of the recommended nutrient concentration (NC) and two foliar fertilizer applications (no foliar and foliar application). The highest fresh and dry weight of mini-cucumber plants were obtained with 75% and 100% NC and decreased with 50% to 25% NC application. The number of marketable fruit and marketable yield on mini-cucumbers increased with 75% to 100% NC, followed by 50% NC, as compared with 25% NC. Deformed fruit were significantly lower at 25% NC than at 50%, 75%, and 100% NC. Foliar fertilizer application did not have an effect on mini-cucumber yield, but reduced the yellowing of fruit. Fruit mineral content (P, Fe, and Mn) was significantly improved by 100% NC. Improvement in yield at 75% and 100% NC was as a result of improved plant height, leaf chlorophyll content, plant fresh and dry weight, and the increase in nutrient uptake of N, P, K, and Mn, which was evident in the analysis of cucumber leaves. The reduced NC of 75% can maintain yield and quality of mini-cucumbers, whereas the application of foliar fertilizer had a limited effect.
17
Guan, Wenjing, Daniel S. Egel, Larry D. Sutterer, and Alexander D. Plummer. "Early-season Production of Grafted Seedless Cucumbers in High Tunnels." HortTechnology 28, no. 1 (February 2018): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03910-17.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Seedless cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a popular and high-value crop found in many local food markets. Worldwide, it is the third most important high tunnel crop after tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and pepper (Capsicum annuum). One challenge of growing seedless cucumbers in high tunnels is low soil temperatures in the early season that suppress plant growth even when air temperatures would be adequate. Grafting cucumbers to enhance crop tolerance to suboptimal temperature stresses has been widely used in Asian countries. However, little information is available in the United States about graft compatibility, cold hardiness, and seasonal extension potential of growing grafted seedless cucumbers in high tunnels. In this study, we tested the effects of grafting with two winter squash (Cucurbita moschata) rootstocks (‘Titan’ and ‘Marvel’) on vegetative growth and yield of three seedless cucumbers (‘Excelsior’ pickling cucumber, ‘Socrates’ Beit Alpha cucumber, and ‘Taurus’ long-type cucumber) in the spring seasons of 2016 and 2017 in high tunnels located in U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zone 6. Nongrafted plants were included as controls. All grafted plants survived the suboptimal temperature stress during transplant period, whereas 59% of nongrafted plants died in the 2016 season. Irrespective of rootstock and cucumber cultivar, vine growth rates of nongrafted cucumbers in April of both years were lower than those of the grafted crops. Cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Taurus grafted onto Marvel winter squash rootstock had higher yields in May 2016 compared with the yields of the nongrafted plants in the same month. The enhanced early-season yields of grafted plants were observed on cucumber cultivars Excelsior and Socrates in 2017 regardless of rootstocks. Grafting also increased the entire season’s yields of the three cucumber cultivars in 2017, but not in 2016. More comprehensive evaluations about cold tolerances of newly released cucumber rootstocks are needed. Further studies are also warranted to improve our understanding of effects of rootstock and scion interactions on cucumber growth and yield in high tunnel production.
18
Castoldi, Renata, Rafaelle F. Gomes, Hamilton CO Charlo, Danilo M. Melo, and Leila T. Braz. "Performance of cucumber hybrids cultivated in coconut fiber and soil." Horticultura Brasileira 32, no. 1 (2014): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362014000100014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of three Japanese group cucumber hybrids, which were cultivated in two cultivation systems. The experiment was designed in a split-plot randomized block design with two cultivation systems (coconut fiber and soil) for commercial Japanese cucumber hybrids ('Tsuyataro', 'Yoshinari' and 'Nankyoku'). After harvesting the cucumbers, we evaluated the number of marketable fruits per plant, the average fruit length, the mean fruit diameter, the bottom fruit diameter, the marketable production of fruits per plant and the marketable yield per hectare. There were significant interactions between the cultivation system and the hybrid, as indicated by the number of marketable fruits. The Nankyoku hybrid had the highest average (14.54 fruits pl-1), although it did not differ from the Yoshinari hybrid when grown in coconut fiber. In soil culture, the Yoshinari hybrid had the highest average number of fruits per plant (10.12 fruits pl-1) and did not differ from the Tsuyataro hybrid. Cultivation in coconut fiber provided better results for production traits and plant productivity. 'Yoshinari' and 'Nankyoku' were the most productive hybrids. Based on the cucumber cultivation results from a protected environment, the cultivation of hybrid Japanese cucumbers and Yoshinari and Nankyoku hybrids in coconut fiber is recommended.
19
Hanna, H. Y. "Producing Trellised Cucumbers Double-cropped with Tomatoes." HortScience 28, no. 2 (February 1993): 96–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.2.96.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Several studies were conducted from 1988 to 1990 to determine the effect of using tomato plant skeletons as a support for trellised cucumbers double-cropped with tomatoes. In addition, the method by which tomato plants were killed before cucumbers were planted and the in-row spacing and row arrangement of cucumber plants on subsequent cucumber yield were also examined. Yields of trellised `Dasher II' cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants planted in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plots fumigated with metam-sodium were not significantly higher than yields from plants grown in plots where tomato plants were killed with glyphosate or paraquat. The presence of tomato skeletons significantly reduced the average total yield, but not the average premium yield, of three cucumber cultivars in 2 years of the study. Cultivar effect on yield was significant, and there was a significant cultivar × tomato skeleton interaction for yield during 1988. Spacing cucumber plants in the row in the presence of tomato skeletons significantly influenced yields. Planting cucumbers in double rows per tomato bed with tomato skeletons in between significantly increased yield in 1988, had a mixed effect in 1989, and had no effect in 1990 when compared with planting cucumbers in a single row per bed. Chemical names used: l,l' -dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium salts (paraquat); N -(phosphonomethyl)glycine (glyphosate); sodium N- methyldithiocarbamate (metam-sodium).
20
Yu, Jia, Bo Zhang, Sisi Liu, Wei Guo, Yifan Gao, and Hongyan Sun. "Genome-wide characterisation, evolution and expression analysis of the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase (LRR-RLK) gene family in cucumbers." Plant Protection Science 58, No. 2 (March 28, 2022): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/131/2021-pps.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) compose a large gene family in plant genomes and implement essential functions in diverse plant physiology progress, including defence against pathogens. However, a systematic analysis of LRR-RLKs has not been accomplished in the economically important cucumber. 189 LRR-RLK genes were identified in the cucumber genome and further divided into 22 subgroups based on the sequence similarities in this study. A total of 31 segmental duplication events and 15 tandem duplication events were present in the genome, indicating that the two duplications were the main driving forces for the expansion of the LRR-RLK family in the cucumber. The expression profile analysis revealed that most of the CsLRR-RLKs were upregulated during a downy mildew infection, and resistant cucumbers comprised more upregulated CsLRR-RLKs than the sensitive lines. Taken together, our results provided information on the LRR-RLK gene family in the cucumber and contributed valuable information for the further research of CsLRR-RLKs.
21
Shaw, Nicole L., Daniel J. Cantliffe, Julio Funes, and Cecil Shine. "Successful Beit Alpha Cucumber Production in the Greenhouse Using Pine Bark as an Alternative Soilless Media." HortTechnology 14, no. 2 (January 2004): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.14.2.0289.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Beit Alpha cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is an exciting new greenhouse crop for production in the southeastern U.S. and Florida. Beit Alpha cucumbers are short, seedless fruit with dark-green skin and an excellent sweet flavor. Beit Alpha-types are the leading cucumber types in the Middle Eastern market and have gained recent popularity in Europe. Beit Alpha cucumbers grown hydroponically under a protected structure have prolific fruit set, yielding more than 60 high-quality fruit per plant during one season. U.S. hydroponic vegetable production is generally associated with structure and irrigation investments which are costly as well as other inputs, such as the media, which must be replaced annually or with each crop. Beit Alpha cucumber `Alexander' was grown in Spring 2001 and 2002 in a passive-ventilated high-roof greenhouse in Gainesville, Fla. Three media types, coarse-grade perlite, medium-grade perlite, and pine bark, were compared for efficiency of growing cucumbers (production and potential costs). During both seasons, fruit yield was the same among media treatments [average of 6 kg (13.2 lb) per plant]. Irrigation requirements were the same for each type of media; however, leachate volume was sometimes greater from pots with pine bark compared to either grade of perlite suggesting a reduced need for irrigation volume when using pine bark. Pine bark is five times less expensive than perlite and was a suitable replacement for perlite in a hydroponic Beit Alpha cucumber production system.
22
Ngouajio*, Mathieu, Mary K. Hausbeck, Daniel M. Sullen, Mohan Selvaraj, and Kevin Charles. "The Effects of Plant Populations on Pickling Cucumber Canopy Dynamics and Yield." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 871B—871. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.871b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Michigan is the national leader for pickling cucumber production. However, over the last few years growers have witnessed a considerable decline in marketable yield, mainly attributed to fruit rot caused by Phytophthora capsici. Phytophtora develops rapidly under high relative humidity, a situation commonly found with narrow rows. Growers are interested in using wider rows but would like to know if there are any associated yield reductions. This study was conducted in 2003 to measure the effects of cucumber plant populations on canopy dynamics and fruit yield. Cucumbers were grown with between-row spacing of 30.5, 45.7, 61.0, and 76.2 cm, and in-row spacing of 10.2, 12.7, and 15.2 cm. A split-plot design with four replications was used. Row spacing was the main plot factor, and in-row spacing the subplot factor. Soil covered by plant canopy was monitored throughout the growing season using digital image analysis techniques. At harvest, the number of fruits per plant and marketable yield for the different grades were measured. Cucumber canopy remained open during the major part of the growing season when wide rows (61.0 and 76.2 cm) were used. The number of fruits per plant increased from an average of 1.5 fruits at 30.5 cm to 2.0 fruits per plant at 61.0 cm. Further widening of row spacing to 76.2 cm slightly reduced the number of fruits per plant. Therefore, the optimum row spacing would be 61.0 cm if the number of fruits per plant was the only parameter being measured. Cucumber marketable yield was similar with 30.5, 45.7, and 61.0 cm spacing between the rows. With 76.2-cm rows, yield reduced slightly. These results suggest that cucumber plant density can be reduced substantial with limited yield penalty.
23
Xylia, Panayiota, Antonios Chrysargyris, Durray Shahwar, Zienab F. R. Ahmed, and Nikolaos Tzortzakis. "Application of Rosemary and Eucalyptus Essential Oils on the Preservation of Cucumber Fruit." Horticulturae 8, no. 9 (August 26, 2022): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8090774.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the most significant and frequently produced vegetable crops. However, because of its high perishability, keeping its quality from the farm to the market is a challenging problem. Various techniques have been employed to reduce postharvest losses and to extend the shelf life of vegetables and fruits. Recently, another approach is the application of eco-friendly elicitors as essential oils-EOs to prevent fruit decay and enhance its quality. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an environmentally friendly product (EP) based on rosemary and eucalyptus essential oils and two distinct application techniques (vapor and dipping) on maintaining quality characteristics of cucumber fruits during storage at 11 °C and ~90% relative humidity (RH) for two weeks. The results showed that the EP was successful in preserving cucumber fruit quality. Vaporized cucumbers did not show any significant weight losses, whereas dipped cucumbers showed a greater weight loss at 0.4% EP (3.5%) compared with the control (3%). Fruit treated with EP (vapor or dipping) or chlorine maintained firmness and ripening index during storage. Total soluble solids (TSS) levels were similar in all vapor-treated fruit while dipping application of chlorine increased TSS (4 oBrix) after 7 days of storage. Vapor or dipping application of EP or chlorine had a slight effect on cucumber color. Vaporized (EP or chlorine) cucumbers had comparable total phenols and antioxidant activity when compared with the control treatment, while dipped fruit had lower total phenols content and antioxidant activity at 0.8% EP after 7 days of storage. These findings indicate that the evaluated EP (vapor or dipping) can be a potential natural alternative to be used to preserve fresh produce instead of the common sanitizing agent (chlorine). Nevertheless, the application method and conditions should be further optimized for every product.
24
Berry, Adrian D., William M. Stall, B. Rathinasabapathi, Gregory E. Macdonald, and R. Charudattan. "Aggressivity: Cucumber vs. Amaranth." Weed Technology 20, no. 4 (December 2006): 986–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-270.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A replacement series study was conducted to describe the aggressivity between cucumber, smooth pigweed, and livid amaranth. Cucumber was three times more competitive than smooth pigweed or livid amaranth, under the conditions of this study. However, there was equal competition and no antagonism between smooth pigweed and livid amaranth. Where cucumbers were planted in mixture with either of the two weeds, the relative yield total values were approximately 10 to 20% higher than the monocultures. Cucumber was a superior competitor when grown in mixture with smooth pigweed or livid amaranth, and the following aggressivity hierarchy exists: cucumber > livid amaranth = smooth pigweed. Results from the additive field study indicated that amaranth dry weights were significantly affected by smooth pigweed and livid amaranth density. Dry weight of amaranth was decreased by 48% at Gainesville and 25% at Live Oak, at 18 plants/m2. Despite differences between the Gainesville and Live Oak results, the dry weight data were similar for both smooth pigweed and livid amaranth at each location.
25
Abu Irmaileh, Barakat E., Akel N. Mansour, Luma S. Al Banna, and Huda O. Badwan. "Comparative tolerances of two Cucumis species to salinity, Rhizoctonia solani and Meloidogyne incognita." Plant Genetic Resources 12, no. 2 (October 22, 2013): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262113000452.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The search for disease resistance in wild types is continuing, in order to introduce resistant genes from wild relatives. In this study, we found that the wild melon Cucumis prophetarum was comparably more tolerant to salinity, the damping-off disease caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. The percentage of wild melon survival was 60% compared to that of the cultivated cucumber Cucumis sativus, which was 15%, when irrigated with NaCl at a concentration of 2500 ppm; and 96% for the wild melon compared with 44% for the cultivated cucumber when irrigated with CaSO4.2H2O at a concentration of 1000 ppm. Wild melon plants were more tolerant to R. solani attack, as only 20% of the plants were infested compared with 100% of infestation observed for the cultivated cucumber. The average number of nematode galls was 250 per plant on the cultivated cucumber when compared with 6.3 per plant on the wild species. Wild melon could be a potential source of resistant or tolerant genes that can be transferable to cultivated cucumbers.
26
Willis, M. D., and A. R. Putnam. "Absorption and Translocation of14C-Ethalfluralin in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)." Weed Science 34, no. 1 (January 1986): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500026357.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Absorption and translocation of14C-ethalfluralin (N-ethyl-N-(2-methyl-2-propenyl)-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenamine) were measured in cucumber plants in the field and greenhouse. In field enclosures, cucumbers treated with 1.68 or 3.36 kg ai/ha preemergence soil-surface applications of14C-ethalfluralin accumulated significantly more14C in leaves than in petioles, stems, or fruits. In greenhouse studies,14C-ethalfluralin vapor was absorbed by both cucumber seedling stems and cotyledons. Seedlings absorbed14C-ethalfluralin from a nutrient solution and translocated14C into all plant parts. Cucumber absorbed14C-ethalfluralin topically applied to the stem and translocated14C acropetally, while only limited basipetal translocation occurred. Although cotyledons absorbed14C-ethalfluralin, very little14C moved out of the treated tissue.
27
Rodriguez Izaba, Orlando F., Wenjing Guan, and Ariana P. Torres. "Economic Analysis of Growing Grafted Cucumber Plants for High Tunnel Production." HortTechnology 31, no. 2 (April 2021): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04747-20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is one of the most important vegetables produced and consumed in the United States. In the midwestern United States, a major obstacle to spring cucumber production is low soil temperatures during plant establishment. High tunnel is a popular tool for season extension of vegetable production. Low soil temperature is a challenge for cucumber production even inside high tunnels. Grafting is a cultural practice known to help control soilborne diseases and improve plants’ tolerance to abiotic stresses. Recent studies found that using grafted cucumber plants with cold-tolerant rootstocks greatly benefited early-season seedless cucumber production in high tunnels. The objective of this study was to analyze the economic feasibility of growing grafted cucumber in high tunnels. A comparison of partial costs and returns between growing grafted and nongrafted cucumbers in a high tunnel in Vincennes, IN, was conducted. Data were used to develop a partial budget analysis and sensitivity tests. Data included production costs, marketable yield, and price of cucumber through different market channels. This study provided a baseline reference for growers interested in grafting seedless cucumber and for high tunnel production. Although costs of grafted transplants were higher, their yield and potential revenue helped to offset the higher costs. Results indicated that grafting can help farmers increase net returns through the increasing yield of grafted plants. Results from the sensitivity analysis illustrated how the increased yield of grafted cucumbers offsets the extra cost incurred in the technique while providing a higher revenue. While actual production costs for individual farmers may vary, our findings suggested that grafting can be an economically feasible tool for high tunnel seedless cucumber production.
28
Kersten, Anne-Katrin, Sabrina Scharf, Martina Bandte, Peer Martin, Peter Meurer, Peter Lentzsch, and Carmen Büttner. "Softening of Processed Plant Virus Infected Cucumis sativus L. Fruits." Agronomy 11, no. 8 (July 21, 2021): 1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081451.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Texture softening of pickled cucumbers does not meet consumers’ quality expectations and leads to economic losses. The factor(s) triggering this phenomenon is still unknown. We investigated the importance of plant viruses such as Cucumber green mottle mosaic tobamovirus (CGMMV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZYMV) in the context of softening of pickles. Cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus) were infected by mechanical inoculation, grown under greenhouse conditions and tested positive for the viral infection by ELISA. The severity of virus infection was reflected in yield and symptom expression. Histological and morphological alterations were observed. All fruits were pasteurized, separately stored in jars and subjected to texture measurements after four, six and 12 months. CGMMV-infections were asymptomatic or caused mild symptoms on leaves and fruit, and texture quality was comparable to control. At the same time, fruits of ZYMV-infected plants showed severe symptoms like deformations and discoloration, as well as a reduction in firmness and crunchiness after pasteurization. In addition, histological alterations were detected in such fruits, possibly causing textural changes. We conclude that plant viruses could have a considerable influence on the firmness and crunchiness of pickled cucumbers after pasteurization. It is possible that the severity of symptom expression has an influence on texture properties.
29
Meyer, Karen M., Greg L. Davis, and James R. Steadman. "627 Using a Toxic Bait and a Trap Crop for the Control of Striped and Spotted Cucumber Beetles and Bacterial Wilt of Cucumbers." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 555D—555. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.555d.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The toxic bait, Adios, was tested with the use of a trap crop in a field experiment at the Univ. of Nebraska during Summer 1998. The insecticide contains the secondary plant metabolites known as cucurbitacins that are highly attractive to the striped and spotted cucumber beetles, Acalymma vittatum and Diabrotica undecimuncata howardi, respectively. These beetles serve as the vector of the bacterial pathogen, Erwinia tracheiphila, which causes severe wilting and eventual death of susceptible cucurbits. The objective of the study was to determine whether treatments of Adios, when applied to a flowering trap crop of resistant squash plants, would lure the cucumber beetles away from the susceptible cucumber plants and reduce bacterial wilt. The study compared the effectiveness of a sprayed trap crop, the direct application of Adios to the cucumber plants and no treatment in a randomized complete-block design. A greater number of beetles were attracted to the sprayed and untreated cucumbers compared to the cucumbers surrounded by the treated trap plants. However, significant numbers of dead beetles were found near the sprayed cucumber plants. Untreated plants showed more feeding damage, diminished fruit quality, and an earlier observation date of wilt symptoms as compared to the other treatments. The treated trap plants and the direct application of Adios were effective in delaying infection in cucumbers compared to the untreated plants in the experimental plots. This treatment may be useful to home gardeners.
30
Gaviy, V. M., and S. O. Pryplavko. "Comparative effect of synthetic plant growth regulators for assimilation processes and productivity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus l.). cultivar Nizhynsky." Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture 1, no. 98 (June 25, 2021): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-98-1-142-150.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumbers are a common vegetable crop in the world, so increasing its yield is an urgent issue. The effect of Rival and Rist-concentrate on the assimilation processes of cucumber in the phases of three true leaves and flowering in the open ground was studied. It was found that in the phase of three true leaves, pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds with Growth-Concentrate increased the value of the area of the cucumber leaf blade by 12.2 % compared to the control indicators. In the flowering phase, Rival and Rist-concentrate showed higher efficiency, stimulating the growth of the area of the cucumber leaf blade by 13.1 % and 16.7 % compared to the control indicators. Studies of the total area of the leaf apparatus of cucumber in the phase of three true leaves showed that the values of the area of the leaf apparatus of cucumber, the seeds of which were treated with Rival and Rist-concentrate exceed control by 34.8 % and 27.8 %, respectively. In the flowering phase, Rival and Growth-concentrate stimulated an increase in the area of the leaf apparatus by 21.4 % and 25.6 % compared to the control indicators. It was found that after measuring the content of chlorophyll in the tissues of cucumber leaves in the phase of three true leaves, the control value for the sum of chlorophyll а and b was 2.32 mg/g of raw mass, chlorophyll a – 1.51 mg/g of raw mass, chlorophyll b is 0.81 mg/g of raw weight. Treatment of cucumber seeds with the drug Rival allowed to increase the content of the sum of chlorophyll a and b to 2.53 mg/g of raw weight. Also, this drug affected the content of chlorophyll b, exceeding the control value by 12.5 %. In this phase, Growth Concentrate did not change the content of photosynthetic pigments in the tissues of cucumber leaves. It was found that the control value for the content of the sum of chlorophyll a and b in the tissues of cucumber leaves in the flowering phase was 2.82 mg/g of raw weight, chlorophyll a – 1.80 mg/g of raw weight, chlorophyll b – 1.01 mg/g raw mass. Treatment of cucumber seeds with Rival increased the amount of chlorophyll a and b to 4 mg/g of raw weight. Also, the drug stimulated the formation of chlorophyll a and b. It was investigated that pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds with the drug Rival increases the yield by 22 %, which indicates the effectiveness of this drug. Thus, the synthetic growth regulator Rival can be recommended for use in agricultural practice for pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds
31
Han, Danni, Xiaojun Ma, Lei Zhang, Shizhong Zhang, Qinghua Sun, Pan Li, Jing Shu, and Yanting Zhao. "Serial-Omics and Molecular Function Study Provide Novel Insight into Cucumber Variety Improvement." Plants 11, no. 12 (June 20, 2022): 1609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11121609.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumbers are rich in vitamins and minerals. The cucumber has recently become one of China’s main vegetable crops. More specifically, the adjustment of the Chinese agricultural industry’s structure and rapid economic development have resulted in increases in the planting area allocated to Chinese cucumber varieties and in the number of Chinese cucumber varieties. After complete sequencing of the “Chinese long” genome, the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome were obtained. Cucumber has a small genome and short growing cycle, and these traits are conducive to the application of molecular breeding techniques for improving fruit quality. Here, we review the developments and applications of molecular markers and genetic maps for cucumber breeding and introduce the functions of gene families from the perspective of genomics, including fruit development and quality, hormone response, resistance to abiotic stress, epitomizing the development of other omics, and relationships among functions.
32
Guan, Wenjing, Elizabeth T. Maynard, Bronwyn Aly, Julie Zakes, Daniel S. Egel, and Laura L. Ingwell. "Parthenocarpic Cucumber Cultivar Evaluation in High-tunnel Production." HortTechnology 29, no. 5 (October 2019): 634–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04370-19.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fresh-consumed parthenocarpic cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) are a popular and high-value crop sold in local food markets. The parthenocarpic plant characteristics and climbing growth habit make cucumbers an ideal crop for high-tunnel production. Major types of parthenocarpic cucumbers include Beit alpha and mini, Dutch greenhouse, American slicer, and Japanese. Information regarding yield performance, plant growth, and disease resistance of the four types grown in high-tunnel conditions is limited. In this study, 16 parthenocarpic cucumber cultivars from the four major types were evaluated in high tunnels at three locations in Indiana and Illinois during Spring 2018. Plants were pruned to a single stem that was supported on a string. At all locations, the cultivars that had the most total yields were Beit alpha and mini, although their total yields were not always significantly higher than that of all the others. However, Beit alpha and mini cucumbers had high percentages of unmarketable fruit, mainly because of insect feeding damage and mechanical injuries on the skins that led to scarred fruit. Dutch greenhouse cultivars had relatively lower marketable yields at two of the three locations where there was a high percentage of misshaped fruit. ‘Tasty Green’ Japanese cucumber consistently had the lowest yields at all three locations. This cultivar also produced the most side shoot growth and, therefore, more pruning waste. The Japanese types ‘Tasty Jade’ and ‘Taurus’ had yields comparable to those of other cultivars, and they were more tolerant to two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae). However, ‘Tasty Jade’ was the cultivar most susceptible to powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii and Golovinomyces cichoracearum). ‘Corinto’ American slicer cucumber had relatively high yields at two of the three locations. This cultivar also had the highest percentage of marketable fruit. Information provided in the study is readily useful for growers using high tunnels when selecting parthenocarpic cucumber cultivars. It is also valuable for seed companies wishing to breed new cultivars adaptive for high-tunnel production.
33
Hanna, H. Y. "Black Polyethylene Mulch Does Not Reduce Yield of Cucumbers Double-cropped with Tomatoes under Heat Stress." HortScience 35, no. 2 (April 2000): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.2.190.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Black polyethylene mulch is preferred for producing early spring tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) because of its warming effect on the soil around the roots. However, using the same mulch for double-cropping cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) with tomatoes is considered by some growers to be undesirable because of the belief that heat accumulation under the mulch in midsummer or early fall is detrimental to cucumber yield. Eight studies were conducted from July to September in 1994, 1995, and 1996 to determine the effects of mulching spring tomatoes with black vs. white polyethylene mulch on the growth and yield of subsequent cucumber crops. Soil temperature recorded after planting cucumbers ≈4:00 pm for 3 weeks was higher under black mulch than under white mulch. Color of the mulch did not affect leaf length, leaf width, and plant dry weight of cucumbers in six of the eight studies. Cucumbers grown on black mulch produced longer leaves in one study and wider leaves in two studies, and plant dry weight was lower in two studies. Mulch color had no significant effect on the premium or total yields of cucumbers in all but one study. Cucumbers grown on black mulch produced lower percentages of culls in two studies.
34
Pandawani, Ni Putu, Farida Hanum, and Ni Nyoman Suryani. "Resistance Test of Several Varieties and Critical Phase for Cucumis Sativus towards Cucumber Mosaic Virus Infectio." International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research 3, no. 6 (November 3, 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v3i6.563.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study was intended to obtain resistant cucumber varieties and to know the critical phase of cucumber plant towards Cucumber Mosaic Virus infection (CMV) therefore, it could be used as a basis for controlling the mosaic disease spread of CMV-induced at cucumber plants. The research was conducted in Baturiti Village Tabanan Bali within an insect-proof greenhouse. Elisa test was performed using CMV, WMV and PRsV antiserum. The resistance test of several cucumber varieties included Roberto, Harmony, Citra baby and Manggala was conducted by mechanical transmission from CMV inoculum source sap. Testing of cucumber plant critical phase of CMV infection was done by mechanically inoculating sap from CMV infected plant, for healthy cucumber plant as testing plant i.e. inoculation at 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks after planting and control (plant without CMV inoculation). An observation was done for incubation period variables, disease incidence, disease severity and crop yield. The results and conclusions of the four cucumber varieties tested were not found to be CMV resistant varieties, however, the moderately sensitive Harmony varieties deserve attention for choosing in the cultivation. The cucumber plant that was CMV infected from the age at planting until 4 weeks after planting shows 100% disease incidence and plants could not produce fruits. The critical phase of cucumber plant towards CMV infection occurred from the time at planting until 4 weeks after planting.
35
Jang, Se Ji, Hyun Hwa Park, and Yong In Kuk. "Application of Various Extracts Enhances the Growth and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) without Compromising the Biochemical Content." Agronomy 11, no. 3 (March 8, 2021): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030505.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examined the effects of changes to application methods, application time, and combinations of different extracts on the growth and yield of cucumbers. Chlorophyll and photosynthetic efficiency levels in cucumber plants were also measured after receiving treatments of selected liquid fertilizers. Mineral nutrition levels in both extracts themselves and the test plants were measured. Crude protein, crude fat, ash, total phenol and flavonoid contents, and DPPH radical scavenging activity in cucumber were determined. Cucumber plant height and shoot fresh weight at 7 and 14 days after treatments generally increased significantly regardless of the extraction methods or extract materials. On the other hand, cucumber leaf number was similar regardless of the extracts used. The application frequency effects differed according to the extraction methods, extracts, and parameters investigated. In addition, the combinations of extracts did not produce significant increases in cucumber plant growth. Cucumber fruit weight was 17–81%, 10–61%, and 10–45% higher than the control or oil cake when the plants were treated with fermentation, boiled water, and water extracts, respectively. The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency of cucumber plants treated with various extracts did not vary significantly. Extracts with the highest mineral nutrients were not effective growth promotors of cucumber plants. This means that growth promotion may not be caused by high levels of one specific macro or micro element but by some specific combinations of various elements. Compared to the control, most elements in the cucumber leaves decreased significantly when treated with most of the extracts. Generally, crude protein, crude fat, and ash contents were not negatively affected by the extract treatments. Moreover, most of the extracts did not adversely affect total phenol and flavonoid contents and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Thus, these extracts may be used for growth promotion without negative effects to primary and secondary substances in organically cultivated crop fields.
36
Sun, Ye, Tan Liu, Xiaochan Wang, and Yonghong Hu. "Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging Combined with Active Oxygen Metabolism for Classification of Similar Diseases in Cucumber Plants." Agronomy 13, no. 3 (February 27, 2023): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030700.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is a great challenge to identify different cucumber diseases at early stages based on conventional methods due to complex and similar symptoms. By contrast, chlorophyll fluorescence is an early indicator of membrane changes or disturbances during plant growth. This research aimed to propose an effective method for the identification of brown spot (BS) and anthracnose (AN) in cucumbers based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, and to interpret the relationship between fluorescence response and different diseases coupled with active oxygen metabolism analysis. Support vector machine (SVM) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) were used to classify the different disease degrees of brown spot and anthracnose in cucumber plants. XGBoost is more effective for this study, with a classification accuracy greater than 90% for diseased cucumbers. Additionally, the XGBoost classification model was validated by the different disease degrees of cucumber plants, and the five-class classification accuracies were 88.2%, 85.0%, 75.0%, 65.0% and 75.0% for Healthy, BS-slight, BS-severe, AN-slight, and AN-severe, respectively. The diseased cucumbers had a higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation than the healthy cucumbers, and the activity levels of the ROS-scavenging enzymes of anthracnose were higher than those of brown spot. The analysis of fluorescence parameters and the discrimination model for different diseases were well linked to the active oxygen metabolism analysis. These results demonstrate the potential of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging combined with active oxygen metabolism analysis for the detection of cucumber diseases, regarding different disease types and disease degrees.
37
Colijn-Hooymans, C. M., R. Bouwer, and J. J. M. Dons. "Plant regeneration from cucumber protoplasts." Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 12, no. 2 (1988): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00040077.
Повний текст джерела
38
Chang, Jinming, Li Dou, Yu Ye, and Kankan Zhang. "Reduction in the Residues of Penthiopyrad in Processed Edible Vegetables by Various Soaking Treatments and Health Hazard Evaluation in China." Foods 12, no. 4 (February 19, 2023): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12040892.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tomato and cucumber are two vital edible vegetables that usually appear in people’s daily diet. Penthiopyrad is a new type of amide chiral fungicide, which is often used for disease control of vegetables (including tomato and cucumber) due to its wide bactericidal spectrum, low toxicity, good penetration, and strong internal absorption. Extensive application of penthiopyrad may have caused potential pollution in the ecosystem. Different processing methods can remove pesticide residues from vegetables and protect human health. In this study, the penthiopyrad removal efficiency of soaking and peeling from tomatoes and cucumbers was evaluated under different conditions. Among different soaking methods, heated water soaking and water soaking with additives (NaCl, acetic acid, and surfactant) presented a more effective reduction ability than other treatments. Due to the specific physicochemical properties of tomatoes and cucumbers, the ultrasound enhances the removal rate of soaking for tomato samples and inhibits it for cucumber samples. Peeling can remove approximately 90% of penthiopyrad from contaminated tomato and cucumber samples. Enantioselectivity was found only during tomato sauce storage, which may be related to the complex microbial community. Health risk assessment data suggests that tomatoes and cucumbers are safer for consumers after soaking and peeling. The results may provide consumers with some useful information to choose better household processing methods to remove penthiopyrad residues from tomatoes, cucumbers, and other edible vegetables.
39
Yang, Fan, Hui Wang, Chengchen Zhi, Birong Chen, Yujie Zheng, Lijun Qiao, Jingcao Gao, Yupeng Pan, and Zhihui Cheng. "Garlic Volatile Diallyl Disulfide Induced Cucumber Resistance to Downy Mildew." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22 (November 15, 2021): 12328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212328.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Allicin compositions in garlic are used widely as fungicides in modern agriculture, in which diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a major compound. Downy mildew, caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (P. cubensis), is one of the most destructive diseases and causes severe yield losses in cucumbers. To explore the potential mechanism of DADS-induced cucumber resistance to downy mildew, cucumber seedlings were treated with DADS and then inoculated with P. cubensis at a 10-day interval. Symptom observation showed that DADS significantly induced cucumber resistance to downy mildew. Furthermore, both lignin and H2O2 were significantly increased by DADS treatment to responding P. cubensis infection. Simultaneously, the enzyme activities of peroxidase (POD) in DADS-treated seedlings were significantly promoted. Meanwhile, both the auxin (IAA) and salicylic acid (SA) contents were increased, and their related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated when treated with DADS. Transcriptome profiling showed that many DEGs were involved in the biological processes of defense responses, in which DEGs on the pathways of ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’, ‘phenylalanine metabolism’, ‘MAPK signaling’, and ‘plant hormone signal transduction’ were significantly up-regulated in DADS-treated cucumbers uninoculated with the pathogen. Based on the results of several physiological indices and transcriptomes, a potential molecular mechanism of DADS-induced cucumber resistance to downy mildew was proposed and discussed. The results of this study might give new insight into the exploration of the induced resistance mechanism of cucumber to downy mildew and provide useful information for the subsequent mining of resistance genes in cucumber.
40
NEAȚA, Gabriela, Gheorghița HOZA, Răzvan Ionuț TEODORESCU, Adrian BASARABĂ, Andrei PETCUCI, and Rodica SIMA. "Phosphorus, Potassium and Nitrate Contents in Fruit of Pickling Cucumbers Grown in a High Tunnel." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 44, no. 2 (December 14, 2016): 541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha44210354.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pickling cucumbers are highly important both for fresh consumption and for canning industry. This study aimed to compare differences in yield and quality of eight pickling cucumber cultivars, including ‘Cor 12004’, ‘IGG 2010’, ‘IGG 2020’, ‘SM 5322’, ‘SM 5323’, ‘Zayin 201’, ‘Zayin 175201’ and ‘Trilogy’. The cucumber cultivars were laid out in a high tunnel crop and evaluated for vegetative traits (i.e. vine length, nodes per vine and branches per vine), yield attributes (i.e. fruits per main stem, average weight of fruit and fruits weight per plant) and fruits quality components (nitrate, phosphate and potassium mg kg-1). The results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in vegetative traits and yield attributes among cultivars. The analysis of correlation coefficients revealed that total yield (kg ha-1) was positively correlated with two out of three vegetative traits (with exception nodes per plant) and with all yield attributes. The highest total yield (101.17 t ha-1) was reached by ‘SM 5322’ cultivar, followed by the ‘IGG 2010’ and ‘SM 5323’ cultivars. The nitrates content in fruits, assessed on three categories of length (6-9 cm, 9-12 cm and >12 cm), revealed a declining value with increase in the cucumber length. The study findings suggest that irrespective of the cultivar, the amount of nitrate was higher in shorter cucumbers (6-9 cm length) although allrecorded values (between 192.7 and 364.3 mg kg-1 fresh matter) being under maximum accepted limit concentrations. The amount of phosphate was higher in medium to long cucumbers, while the amount of potassium was higher in shorter cucumbers.
41
Grašič, Mateja, Mateja Germ, Katarina Vogel-Mikuš, Nik Ojdanič, Alenka Gaberščik, and Aleksandra Golob. "Fertilisation with Potassium Silicate Exerted Little Effect on Production Parameters of Cucumbers Exposed to UV and Drought." Stresses 1, no. 3 (August 19, 2021): 142–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stresses1030012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
(1) Background: Cucumbers are highly sensitive to drought and UV-B radiation, which may also act synergistically. Silicon is a beneficial element for plants, as it can alleviate negative effects of different environmental constraints. Studies revealed that fertilisation of cucumbers with silicon showed a variety of positive effects, which increased plant vitality. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of potassium silicate in shaping cucumber traits and in mitigating potential adverse effects of drought and UV radiation. (2) Methods: Plants were exposed to different treatments regarding water availability, UV radiation, and potassium silicate addition. During the experiment, the level of plant-available silicon and total silicon content in the soil were monitored along with soil moisture. At the end of the experiment, the leaf element composition, leaf biochemical and leaf physiological properties were analysed in addition to growth and production parameters of these cucumbers. (3) Results: Among the three studied factors, insufficient water supply had the most negative impact on measured parameters, causing a significant decline in cucumber growth and production. UV radiation had an adverse impact on various studied parameters, while potassium silicate addition negatively affected production parameters. Fertilisation with potassium silicate increased the level of plant-available silicon in the soil and leaf silicon content. (4) Conclusions: Fertilisation with potassium silicate exerted little impact on production parameters of cucumbers exposed to ambient UV radiation and drought. Significant interactions between the studied factors were detected for the aboveground vegetative plant parts.
42
Li, Shuang, Yan Zhou, Liming Sun, Yanjie Wang, Shuang Song, Chunqing Ai, and Jingfeng Yang. "Effects of Storage Method on the Quality of Processed Sea Cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus)." Foods 11, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 4098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11244098.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research aimed to establish an effective storage method to maintain the quality of processed sea cucumbers. In this study, sea cucumbers were stored by various methods including the storage of live sea cucumbers (seawater treatment, oxygen treatment, and ascorbic acid treatment) and the storage of dead sea cucumbers (frozen treatment). The sea cucumber quality was monitored after storage and boiling. The weightlessness rate and WHC of the frozen group increased to 86.96% ± 0.83% and 93.29% ± 0.32%, respectively. Frozen sea cucumbers shrunk with the meat’s textural properties deteriorated. During the live sea cucumber storage, the tissue protein degraded from day 3 to day 7 which led to the promotion of TVB-N. Among these, the oxygen group showed the smallest TVB-N increase from day 0 (3.78 ± 0.60 mg 100 g−1) to day 7 (10.40 ± 0.12 mg 100 g−1). The oxygen group exhibited the most moderate change in weightlessness rate (4.24% ± 0.45%) and the most moderate texture parameters decline, such as the hardness of 32.52%, chewiness of 78.98 ± 5.10 N, and adhesion of 0.84 ± 0.00. The oxygen method showed the best condition of sea cucumber after 5 days of storage.
43
Owoyemi, Abiola, Ron Porat, and Victor Rodov. "Effects of Compostable Packaging and Perforation Rates on Cucumber Quality during Extended Shelf Life and Simulated Farm-to-Fork Supply-Chain Conditions." Foods 10, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020471.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Cucumbers are highly perishable and suffer from moisture loss, shriveling, yellowing, peel damage, and decay. Plastic packaging helps to preserve cucumber quality, but harms the environment. We examined the use of compostable modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with different perforation rates as a possible replacement for conventional plastic packaging materials. The results indicate that all of the tested types of packaging reduced cucumber weight loss and shriveling. However, compostable MAP with micro-perforations that created a modified atmosphere of between 16–18% O2 and 3–5% CO2 most effectively preserved cucumber quality, as demonstrated by reduced peel pitting, the reduced appearance of warts and the inhibition of yellowing and decay development. Overall, micro-perforated compostable packaging extended the storage life of cucumbers under both extended shelf conditions and simulated farm-to-fork supply-chain conditions and thus may serve as a replacement for the plastic packaging currently used to preserve the postharvest quality of cucumbers.
44
Jankauskienė, Julė, Aušra Brazaitytė, Viktorija Vaštakaitė Kairienė, and Vytautas Zalatorius. "EFFECTS OF PEAT AND PEAT-ZEOLITE SUBSTRATES ON QUALITY, GROWTH INDICES OF CUCUMBER SEEDLINGS AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 18, no. 5 (October 29, 2019): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2019.5.16.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study was to evaluate peat and zeolite mixtures substrates performance on cucumber seedling quality and crop yield. The research was carried out in a greenhouse covered with double polymeric film at the Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. Cucumber seedlings were grown in different substrates: peat, peat + zeolite 1 : 1, peat + zeolite 2 : 1, peat + zeolite 3 : 1 and peat + zeolite 4 : 1. Cucumber seedlings grown in peat and zeolite substrates are shorter; the leaf area is smaller than that of the seedlings grown in peat alone. The dry mass of the aboveground part of these seedlings is lower (difference insignificant), however, the root mass is higher than those grown in peat alone. The addition of zeolite to peat substrate does not have any positive effect on the photosynthesis pigment content in cucumber seedling leaves. The physiological growth indices of the seedlings grown in peat-zeolite substrates were lower compared to those grown in peat. When zeolite is added to peat substrate, net assimilation rate is higher compared to those grown in peat. Higher yields (significant difference) were demonstrated by cucumbers, the seedlings of which had been grown in peat-zeolite substrates.
45
Wang, Xiaodong, Zhiqian Lan, Lei Tian, Jianshe Li, Guankai Yang, Yanming Gao, and Xueyan Zhang. "Change of Physiological Properties and Ion Distribution by Synergistic Effect of Ca2+ and Grafting under Salt Stress on Cucumber Seedlings." Agronomy 11, no. 5 (April 27, 2021): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050848.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Salinization is an important soil environmental problem, which severely restricts the sustainable production of cucumbers. Therefore, how to improve the salt tolerance of cucumbers is a global problem. Grafting improves the resistance of crops, and calcium ion (Ca2+) weakens the permeability of the plasma membrane. In this paper, grafting cucumber with NaCl-free treatment was the control treatment (CK). Under salt stress, grafting combined different concentrations of CaCl2 and non-grafted (NG) were considered as treatments. The synergistic effect of grafting and Ca2+ to relieve salt stress on cucumber seedlings was investigated. The results revealed that grafting (G), Ca2+, and their interaction significantly influenced plant growth, osmotic adjustment substances, enzyme activities, and iron distribution. Under salt stress, grafting increased the absorption of potassium ion (K+) and Ca2+ in cucumber stems and leaves, but compared with NG, it significantly reduced the accumulation of Na+ in those parts by 61.58–89.40%. Moreover, supplication suitable Ca2+ content had a similar effect. Supplemental Ca2+ promoted the shoot and root biomass. The 10 mM L−1 Ca2+ had the highest biomass, compared with CK and NG, an increase of 49.95% and 20.47%, respectively; the lowest sodium ion (Na+). The highest Ca2+ accumulation in cucumber stem and leaves was found in 10 mM L−1 Ca2+ treatment. Supplemental Ca2+ increased free proline (Pro) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content during the entire salt stress period. At 11 days, compared with 0 mM L−1 Ca2+ treatment, pro content was increased by 4.70–25.31, and MDA content was decreased by 1.08–4.90 times, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, relative growth rate of plant height (PH), and stem volume (SV), and K+/Na+ and K+/Ca2+ in cucumber leaves had significantly negative correlations with a salt damage score. The combination of grafting and supplemental 5–20 mM L−1 Ca2+ relieved salt damage to cucumber seedlings. The best synergistic effect was obtained with grafting and 10 mM L−1 Ca2+ treatment.
46
Munawar, Summeya, Muhammad Awais Ghani, Basharat Ali, Muhammad Azam, Romana Anjum, Muhammad Sarwar, Tanveer Ahmad, et al. "Attenuation of cadmium induced oxidative stress in cucumber seedlings by modulating the photosynthesis and antioxidant machinery through foliar applied glutamic acid." Horticultural Science 49, No. 1 (March 11, 2022): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2021-hortsci.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent decades, adverse effects of unexpected contaminants on the quality of crops have threatened both the food security and human health. Vegetable production in heavy metal contaminated soils is a serious concern regarding the quality of food. Glutamic acid has been extensively studied as a stress-responsive antioxidant molecule and its function is involved in triggering plant growth during abiotic stress. Therefore, in the present study, the alleviating role of exogenously applied glutamic acid was examined in soil grown cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) under four levels of cadmium (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg Cd/kg) and two levels of glutamic acid (0, 10 mM). The results showed that the Cd stress reduced the plant growth and chlorophyll contents in the cucumbers. Significant decreases were more pronounced in the photosynthetic parameters under the Cd stress alone in both cultivars. However, pronounced deleterious effects were observed in the Ashly cultivar as compared to SSC-228 in respect to the plant growth and photosynthetic attributes. However, the exogenous treatment of glutamic acid significantly improved the plant growth and chlorophyll contents of plants under the Cd stress. The glutamic acid also decreased the Cd contents in the cucumber roots and leaves, and further decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) which were elevated by the high Cd concentrations. Interestingly, the antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and POD) increased under the different elevated Cd levels in the leaves of the cucumber plants. However, the CAT and APX activities were reduced with an increasing Cd concentration in the soil in both cultivars. Meanwhile, the exogenously applied glutamic acid exhibited synergic effects and further activated the antioxidant enzyme activities in the cucumber leaves under the Cd stress. In this study, the SSC-228 cultivar was found to be more tolerant to Cd stress as compared to the Ashly cultivar. Furthermore, the findings of this study highlight that a glutamic acid application can play a significant role in enhancing the plant growth and stimulating the biochemical activities in cucumbers under Cd stress.
47
Yu, Guangchao, Xiangyu Wang, Qiumin Chen, Na Cui, Yang Yu, and Haiyan Fan. "Cucumber Mildew Resistance Locus O Interacts with Calmodulin and Regulates Plant Cell Death Associated with Plant Immunity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 2995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122995.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pathogen-induced cell death is closely related to plant disease susceptibility and resistance. The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) mildew resistance locus O (CsMLO1) and calmodulin (CsCaM3) genes, as molecular components, are linked to nonhost resistance and hypersensitive cell death. In this study, we demonstrate that CsMLO1 interacts with CsCaM3 via yeast two-hybrid, firefly luciferase (LUC) complementation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments. A subcellular localization analysis of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion reveals that CsCaM3 is transferred from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane in Nicotiana benthamiana, and CsCaM3 green fluorescence is significantly attenuated via the coexpression of CsMLO1 and CsCaM3. CsMLO1 negatively regulates CsCaM3 expression in transiently transformed cucumbers, and hypersensitive cell death is disrupted by CsCaM3 and/or CsMLO1 expression under Corynespora cassiicola infection. Additionally, CsMLO1 silencing significantly enhances the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes (CsPO1, CsRbohD, and CsRbohF), defense marker genes (CsPR1 and CsPR3) and callose deposition-related gene (CsGSL) in infected cucumbers. These results suggest that the interaction of CsMLO1 with CsCaM3 may act as a cell death regulator associated with plant immunity and disease.
48
Rezende, Bráulio L. A., Arthur B. Cecílio Filho, Aurélio P. Barros Júnior, Diego R. Q. Porto, and Maria Inez E. G. Martins. "Economic analysis of cucumber and lettuce intercropping under greenhouse in the winter-spring." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 83, no. 2 (June 2011): 705–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652011000200028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The economical analysis complements the evaluation of the intercrop systems efficiency, considering besides the physical production of crops, the price of products according to their quality classification and time of the year. Intercropping systems of lettuce and cucumber in two plant populations under greenhouse were economically evaluated in winter-spring, in Jaboticabal City, São Paulo State, Brazil. The total operating cost (TOC) of cucumber and lettuce as sole crop and intercropping were estimated, as well as gross revenue (GR) and operating profit (OP). The labor for the crops was the component with greater participation in the TOC of crops in intercropping and single crop. Greater GR and OP were observed in intercrops established by transplanting lettuce and cucumbers on the same day. Considering the operating profit and the land efficient ratio, it is recommended the intercropping of lettuce transplanted until 10 days after the transplanting (DAT) of cucumber with two rows per plot, and at 0 DAT of cucumber grown with a row plot
49
Cseresnyés, Imre, Tünde Takács, Anna Füzy, and Kálmán Rajkai. "Simultaneous monitoring of electrical capacitance and water uptake activity of plant root system." International Agrophysics 28, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intag-2014-0044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Pot experiments were designed to test the applicability of root electrical capacitance measurement for in situ monitoring of root water uptake activity by growing cucumber and bean cultivars in a growth chamber. Half of the plants were inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the other half served as non-infected controls. Root electrical capacitance and daily transpiration were monitored during the whole plant ontogeny. Phenology-dependent changes of daily transpiration (related to root water uptake) and root electrical capacitance proved to be similar as they showed upward trends from seedling emergence to the beginning of flowering stage, and thereafter decreased continuously during fruit setting. A few days after arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-colonization, daily transpiration and root electrical capacitance of infected plants became significantly higher than those of non-infected counterparts, and the relative increment of the measured parameters was greater for the more highly mycorrhizal-dependent bean cultivar compared to that of cucumber. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization caused 29 and 69% relative increment in shoot dry mass for cucumbers and beans, respectively. Mycorrhization resulted in 37% increase in root dry mass for beans, but no significant difference was observed for cucumbers. Results indicate the potential of root electrical capacitance measurements for monitoring the changes and differences of root water uptake rate.
50
Xiao, Xuemei, Jian Lv, Jianming Xie, Zhi Feng, Ning Ma, Ju Li, Jihua Yu, and Alejandro Calderón-Urrea. "Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Different Response to Toxic Stress in Rootstock Grafted and Non-Grafted Cucumber Seedlings." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3 (January 24, 2020): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030774.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Autotoxicity of root exudates is one of the main reasons for consecutive monoculture problem (CMP) in cucumber under greenhouse cultivation. Rootstock grafting may improve the tolerance of cucumber plants to autotoxic stress. To verify the enhanced tolerance to autotoxic stress and illuminate relevant molecular mechanism, a transcriptomic comparative analysis was performed between rootstock grafted (RG) and non-grafted (NG) cucumber plants by a simulation of exogenous cinnamic acid (CA). The present study confirmed that relatively stable plant growth, biomass accumulation, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis was observed in RG than NG under CA stress. We identified 3647 and 2691 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NG and RG cucumber plants when compared to respective control, and gene expression patterns of RNA-seq was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Functional annotations revealed that DEGs response to CA stress were enriched in pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, phenylalanine metabolism, and plant-pathogen interaction. Interestingly, the significantly enriched pathway of photosynthesis-related, carbon and nitrogen metabolism only identified in NG, and most of DEGs were down-regulated. However, most of photosynthesis, Calvin cycle, glycolysis, TCA cycle, and nitrogen metabolism-related DEGs exhibited not or slightly down-regulated in RG. In addition, several stress-related transcription factor families of AP2/ERF, bHLH, bZIP, MYB. and NAC were uniquely triggered in the grafted cucumbers. Overall, the results of this study suggest that rootstock grafting improve the tolerance of cucumber plants to autotoxic stress by mediating down-regulation of photosynthesis, carbon, and nitrogen metabolism-related DEGs and activating the function of stress-related transcription factor. The transcriptome dataset provides an extensive sequence resource for further studies of autotoxic mechanism at molecular level.