Дисертації з теми "Crustal fluid"
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Barker, Shaun, and sbarker@eos ubc ca. "Dynamics of fluid flow and fluid chemistry during crustal shortening." The Australian National University. Research School of Earth Sciences, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20090711.074630.
Повний текст джерелаWarwick, Alison Julie. "Mineral growth and fluid migration in mid-crustal shear zones." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340287.
Повний текст джерелаHopkinson, Laurence. "The role of aqueous fluids in crustal processes at the inter and intra-crystalline level." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296147.
Повний текст джерелаPorritt, R. W., and S. Yoshioka. "Evidence of Dynamic Crustal Deformation in Tohoku, Japan, From Time-Varying Receiver Functions." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626288.
Повний текст джерелаNüchter, Jens Alexander. "The structural record of mid crustal stress and pore fluid pressure changes related to the earthquake cycle." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983666849.
Повний текст джерелаHutnak, Michael. "Heat and fluid flux at a crustal scale : observations and models of coupled transport in young oceanic lithosphere /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Повний текст джерелаSalazar, Reinoso Pablo [Verfasser]. "The upper crustal microseismicity image from the North Chilean subduction zone : implications for tectonics and fluid migration / Pablo Salazar Reinoso." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025511484/34.
Повний текст джерелаBlereau, Eleanore Renee. "A Petrochronological Investigation of Metamorphic, Melt and Fluid Related Processes in Lower Crustal Rocks from Southwestern Norway and Southern India." Thesis, Curtin, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/59704.
Повний текст джерелаWijns, Christopher P. "Exploring conceptual geodynamic models : numerical method and application to tectonics and fluid flow." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0068.
Повний текст джерелаHood, Shawn Bruce. "Mid-crustal Cu-Au mineralisation during episodic pluton emplacement, hydrothermal fluid flow, and ductile deformation at the Minto deposit, YT, Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42818.
Повний текст джерелаMaggi, Matteo <1981>. "The role of the fluid phase in the chemico-mechanical evolution of a mid-crustal shear zone: an example from Alpine Corsica." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3773/.
Повний текст джерелаMoore, Myles Thomas. "Noble Gas and Hydrocarbon Geochemistry of Coalbed Methane Fields from the Illinois Basin." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462561493.
Повний текст джерелаBallentine, Christopher John. "He, Ne, and Ar isotopes as tracers in crustal fluids." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387053.
Повний текст джерелаEglinger, Aurélien. "Cycle de l'uranium et évolution tectono-métamorphique de la ceinture orogénique Pan-Africaine du Lufilien (Zambie)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0306/document.
Повний текст джерелаUranium is an incompatible and lithophile element and can be used as a geochemical tracer to discuss the generation and the evolution of continental crust. This thesis, focused on the Pan-African Lufilian belt in Zambia, characterizes the U cycle for this crustal segment. Silici-clastic and evaporitic sediments have been deposited within an intracontinental rift during the dislocation of the Rodinia supercontinent during the early Neoproterozoic. U-Pb ages on detrital zircon grains in these units indicate a dominant Paleoproterozoic provenance. The same zircon grains show subchondritic epsilonHf (between 0 and -15) and yield Hf model ages between ~2.9 and 2.5 Ga. These data suggest that the continental crust was generated before the end of the Archean associated with U extraction from the mantle. This old crust has been reworked by deformation and metamorphism during the Proterozoic. U has been remobilized and re-concentrated during several orogenic cycles until the Pan-African orogeny. During this Pan-African cycle, U-Pb and REY (REE and Yttrium) signatures of uranium oxides indicate a first mineralizing event at ca. 650 Ma during the continental rifting. This event is related to late diagenesis hydrothermal processes at the basement/cover interface with the circulation of basinal brines linked to evaporites of the Roan. The second stage, dated at 530 Ma, is connected to metamorphic highly saline fluid circulations, synchronous to the metamorphic peak of the Lufilian orogeny. These fluids are derived from the Roan evaporite dissolution. Some late uranium remobilizations are described during exhumation of metamorphic rocks and their tectonic accretion in the internal zone of the Lufilian orogenic belt
Wilkinson, Jamie John. "The origin and evolution of Hercynian crustal fluids, South Cornwall, England." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252719.
Повний текст джерелаBlythe, Lara S. "Understanding Crustal Volatiles : Provenance, Processes and Implications." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Berggrundsgeologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-171486.
Повний текст джерелаFurtney, Jason. "Some aspects of fluid flow in the earth's crust." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612773.
Повний текст джерелаAy, Erkan. "Origin of crustal reflectivity and influence of fluids and fractures on velocity at the Kola superdeep borehole." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1453231711&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаKleine, Barbara. "How do fluids move through rocks? : High fluxes of CO2 in the Earth's crust." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-84007.
Повний текст джерелаMorgan, Sally Jane. "High temperature fluid-rock interaction in oceanic crust: a study of fluid inclusions from the Trooso ophiolite and ODP/IODP Hole 1256D." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493781.
Повний текст джерелаMottaghy, Darius Christopher. "Heat transfer processes in the upper crust: influence of structure, fluid flow, and palaeoclimate." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=985669136.
Повний текст джерелаFichtel, Katja [Verfasser], Heribert [Akademischer Betreuer] Cypionka, and Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Rabus. "Influence of crustal fluids on growth and activity of marine deep biosphere microbial populations / Katja Fichtel. Betreuer: Heribert Cypionka ; Ralf Rabus." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1066873305/34.
Повний текст джерелаYuan, Xiaoping. "Extensional collapses in the overpressured frictional upper crust based on limit analysis." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEE009/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis manuscript develops a 2D kinematic approach of Limit Analysis to examine the extensionalfailures in the brittle, upper crust resulting from fluid overpressures and normal faulting. There aremany interesting topics related to the extensional deformation such as (1) the roles of fluid pressure,topographic process, material and fault properties on the stability of extensional structures; (2) theformation of low-angle and listric normal fault; (3) the deformation pattern due to slip on a low-anglefault; and (4) the influence of fault softening and sedimentation processes on this deformation pattern.This mechanical approach applied to wedge prototypes is validated by the critical Coulomb wedge(CCW) theory, and it generalizes the CCW theory to investigate the complex topography on theMejillones peninsula, Northern Chile. Additionally, this approach is also applied to investigate gravityinstability of Niger Delta by linking down-slope compressional to up-slope extensional failures througha deep detachment. We predict much higher fluid overpressures than that of the CCW theory. Finally,this Limit Analysis methodology is applied to investigate the shape of normal fault linking a lowdetachment to the surface. The application to Niger Delta implies that the formation of very low-angleand strongly listric faults results from a shallow fluid-retention depth. The sequential version of LimitAnalysis opens new ways to envision the structural evolution through time resulting from normalfaulting. The simulations show that the normal fault rotates during extension, forming a region of Footto-Hanging Wall (FHW) where the material in the footwall is sheared upon entering the hanging wall.The creation of the FHW region is illustrated by sandbox experiments and field examples
Zirner, Aurelia [Verfasser]. "Fluid driven processes in the crust - the formation of anorthositic dykes in the Troodos ophiolite (Cyprus) / Aurelia Zirner." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149154020/34.
Повний текст джерелаLouis-Napoléon, Aurélie. "Modélisation d'instabilités gravitaires au sein de la croûte partiellement fondue par une méthode de Volume-Of-Fluid." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0124.
Повний текст джерелаGravity instabilities within partially molten orogenic roots may form migmatite domes. Not only can these domes concentrate materials of economic interest, but they also bring a better understanding of the evolution and differentiation of Earth's crust. Although horizontal forces can be involved in the formation of domes, the objective of this thesis was to look only at the influence of vertical forces by studying convection and diapirism. We had at our disposal two numerical codes based on Volume-Of-Fluid methods (VOF): JADIM (IMFT code) and OpenFOAM (open-source). We first showed that the VOF method is suitable for the modeling of gravity instabilities. Therefore we compared the results obtained with JADIM and OpenFOAM with i) theoretical, experimental and numerical results from the literature of RayleighTaylor and Rayleigh-Bénard instabilities and with ii) the results of the geodynamic code ASPECT . We found that JADIM and OpenFOAM provide results in good agreement with those in the literature and conserve mass better than ASPECT. We chose OpenFOAM for the rest of this work because it is faster than JADIM. Then, we applied the VOF method to the context of the migmatite domes from Naxos island (Greece). These domes were formed between 24 and 16 Ma and feature nested structures of 2 km sub-domes in a 10 km major dome. Zircon dating has shown that the rocks have undergone a temperature alternation with a 2 Ma period. These domes are interesting because they are recent and thus better preserved than older domes. We have tried to show that they can result from a combination of convective and diapiric episodes. We first considered the hot orogenic crust as a system made of 3 horizontal layers with temperature dependent viscosity. We showed that both in 2D and 3D, we cannot reproduce nested domes: the simulated domes are destroyed by convection when it appears. Therefore we made the system more complex. We took into account internal heating and partial melting which allow to achieve low viscosities. In addition, we added the strain-rate dependency of the rheology, as well as compositional heterogeneities (inclusions). All these factors were subjected to parametric tests, which finally allow us to propose two scenarios explaining the formation of the Naxos domes. The first scenario takes into account a nonlinear rheology and heavy and light inclusions, making it possible to generate local convection: convection and diapirism are then simultaneous, and diapirs emerge above the convective cells. The second scenario takes into account partial melting, but the progressive cooling of the system is the key mechanism that allows light inclusions to rise and form domes. However, both these scenarios do not exclude the role of external lateral forces at the end of the orogen on the remaining exhumation. More generally, we have found that the characteristics of the domes (size and homogeneity) are determined by their mode of formation (presence of inclusions, convection ...) The dimensional analysis of systems with partial melting allows us to distinguish several convective regimes and to determine the parameters necessary for the sedimentation (upwards and downwards) of inclusions during crustal convection
Higashino, Fumiko. "Infiltration process of brine in the deep crust constrained from multi-scale major and trace element zonings in high-grade metamorphic rocks." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215324.
Повний текст джерелаLaurie, Angelique. "The formation of Earth’s early felsic continental crust by water-present eclogite melting." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80214.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: The sodic and leucocratic Tonalite, Trondhjemite and Granodiorite (TTG) granitoid series of rocks characterise Paleo- to Meso- Archaean felsic continental crust, yet are uncommon in the post-Archaean rock record. Consequently, petrogenetic studies on these rocks provide valuable insight into the creation and evolution of Earth’s early continental crust. The highpressure (HP)-type of Archaean TTG magmas are particularly important in this regard as their geochemistry requires that they are formed by high-pressure melting of a garnet-rich eclogitic source. This has been interpreted as evidence for the formation of these magmas by anatexis of the upper portions of slabs within Archaean subduction zones. In general, TTG magmas have been assumed to arise through fluid-absent partial melting of metamafic source rocks. Therefore, very little experimental data on fluid-present eclogite melting to produce Archaean TTG exist, despite the fact that water drives magmatism in modern arcs. Consequently, this study experimentally investigates the role of fluid-present partial melting of eclogite-facies metabasaltic rock in the production of Paleo- to Meso-Archaean HP-type TTG melts. Experiments are conducted between 1.6 GPa and 3.0 GPa and 700 ºC and 900 ºC using natural and synthetic eclogite, and gel starting materials of low-K2O basaltic composition. Partial melting of the natural and synthetic eclogite occurred between 850 ºC and 870 ºC at pressures above 1.8 GPa, and the melting reaction is characterised by the breakdown of sodic clinopyroxene, quartz and water: Qtz + Cpx1 + H2O ± Grt1 = Melt + Cpx2 ± Grt2. The experimental melts have the compositions of sodic peraluminous trondhjemites and have compositions that are similar to the major, trace and rare earth element composition of HPtype Archaean TTG. This study suggests that fluid-present eclogite melting is a viable petrogenetic model for this component of Paleo- to Meso-Archaean TTG crust. The nature of the wet low-K2O eclogite-facies metamafic rock solidus has been experimentally defined and inflects towards higher temperatures at the position of the plagioclase-out reaction. Therefore, the results indicate that a crystalline starting material is necessary to define this solidus to avoid metastable melting beyond temperatures of the Pl + H2O + Qtz solidus at pressures above plagioclase stability. Furthermore, this study uses numerical and metamorphic models to demonstrate that for reasonable Archaean mantle wedge temperatures within a potential Archaean subduction zone, the bulk of the water produced by metamorphic reactions within the slabs is captured by an anatectic zone near the slab surface. Therefore, this geodynamic model may account for HP-type Archaean TTG production and additionally provides constraints for likely Archaean subduction. The shape of the relevant fluid-present solidus is similar to the shape of the pressure-temperature paths followed by upper levels of the proposed Archaean subducting slab, which makes water-fluxed slab anatexis is very dependant on the temperature in the mantle wedge. I propose that cooling of the upper mantle by only a small amount during the late Archaean ended fluid-present melting of the slab. This allowed slab water to migrate into the wedge and produce intermediate composition magmatism which has since been associated with subduction zones.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die reeks natruimhoudende en leukokraties Tonaliet, Trondhjemiet en Granodioriet (TTG) felsiese stollingsgesteentes is kenmerkend in die Paleo- tot Meso-Argeïkum felsiese kontinentale kors, maar is ongewoon in die post-Argeïese rots rekord. Gevolglik, petrogenetiese studies op hierdie rotse verskaf waardevolle insig in die skepping en evolusie van die aarde se vroeë kontinentale kors. Die hoë-druk (HD)-tipe van die Argeïkum TTG magmas is veral belangrik in hierdie verband as hulle geochemie vereis dat hulle gevorm word deur hoë druk smelting van 'n granaat-ryk eklogitiese bron. Dit word interpreteer as bewys vir die vorming van hierdie magmas deur smelting van die boonste gedeeltes van die blaaie in Argeïese subduksie sones. TTG magmas in die algemeen, is veronderstel om op te staan deur middel van water-afwesig gedeeltelike smelting van metamafiese bron rotse. Daarom bestaan baie min eksperimentele data op water-teenwoordig eklogiet smelting om Argeïkum TTG te produseer, ten spyte van die feit dat water magmatisme dryf in moderne boë. Gevolglik is hierdie studie ‘n eksperimentele ondersoek in die rol van water-teenwoordig gedeeltelike smelting van eklogiet-fasies metamafiese rots in die produksie van Paleo- tot Meso-Argeïkum HD-tipe TTG smelte. Eksperimente word uitgevoer tussen 1.6 GPa en 3.0 GPa en 700 ºC en 900 ºC met behulp van natuurlike en sintetiese eklogiet, en gel begin materiaal van lae-K2O basaltiese samestelling. Gedeeltelike smelting van die natuurlike en sintetiese eklogiet het plaasgevind tussen 850 ºC en 870 ºC te druk bo 1.8 GPa, en die smeltings reaksie is gekenmerk deur die afbreek van natruimhoudende klinopirokseen, kwarts en water: Qtz + Cpx1 + H2O ± Grt1 = Smelt + Cpx2 ± Grt2. Die eksperimentele smelte het die komposisies van natruimhoudende trondhjemites en is soortgelyk aan die hoof-, spoor- en seldsame aard element samestelling van HD-tipe Argeïkum TTG. Hierdie studie dui daarop dat water-teenwoordig eklogiet smelting 'n lewensvatbare petrogenetiese model is vir hierdie komponent van Paleo- tot Meso-Argeïkum TTG kors. Die aard van die nat lae-K2O eklogietfasies metamafiese rock solidus is eksperimenteel gedefinieër en beweeg na hoër temperature by die posisie van die plagioklaas-out reaksie. Daarom dui die resultate daarop dat 'n kristallyne materiaal nodig is om hierdie solidus te definieër en metastabiele smelting buite temperature van die Pl + H2O + Qtz solidus druk bo plagioklaas stabiliteit te vermy. Verder maak hierdie studie gebruik van numeriese en metamorfiese modelle om aan te dui dat die grootste deel van die water geproduseer deur metamorfiese reaksies binne die blaaie bestaan vir redelike Argeïkum mantel wig temperature binne 'n potensiële Argeïkum subduksie sone, en word opgevang deur 'n smelting sone naby die blad oppervlak. Daarom kan hierdie geodinamies model rekenskap gee vir HD-tipe Argeïkum TTG produksie en dit bied ook die beperkinge vir waarskynlik Argeïese subduksie. Die vorm van die betrokke waterteenwoordig solidus is soortgelyk aan die vorm van die druk-temperatuur paaie gevolg deur die boonste vlakke van die voorgestelde Argeïkum subderende blad, wat water-vloeiing blad smeltingbaie afhanklik maak van die temperatuur in die mantel wig. Ons stel voor dat afkoeling van die boonste mantel met slegs 'n klein hoeveelheid gedurende die laat Argeïese, die water-vloeiing smelting van die blad beëindig. Dit het toegelaat dat die blad water in die wig migreer en intermediêre samestelling magmatisme produseer wat sedert geassosieer word met subduksie sones.
Siebenaller, Luc. "Circulations fluides au cours de l'effondrement d'un prisme d'accrétion crustal : l'exemple du "Metamorphic Core Complex" de l'île de Naxos (Cyclades, Grèce)." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10139/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to characterize fluid circulations in the context of the collapse of a crustal accretionary belt. The Naxos Metamorphic Core Complex comprises a detachment/decollement system characterized by mylonites, ultramylonites, cataclasites and normal faults with structural relationships reflecting the rheological layering at the crustal scale. Fluid inclusion chemistry is determined by microthermometry, Raman spectroscopy; laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), crush-leach and stable isotopes (C and H) analyses. These data characterize three different types of fluids: (1) high salinity fluids with a high metal content and high Th, (2) aqueous-carbonic fluids in equilibrium with the wall rocks and (3) aqueous probably surface-derived fluids. These data indicate that the crust is subdivided into two crustal reservoirs separated by the brittle/ductile transition. Surface-derived aqueous fluids circulate in association with the brittle deformation within the upper crust whereas aqueous-carbonic and high salinity fluids circulate in relation with ductile deformation. The characteristics of the trapped fluids indicate that as rocks have passed through the ductile/brittle transition they undergo a drastic change in geothermal gradient from 60 to 100°C/km within a lithostatic pressure regime to 35-60°C/km within a hydrostatic pressure regime. This implies that the fluid circulations are closely related to the rheological layering within the crust and its evolution during crustal extension. The ductile/brittle transition corresponds to a rheological boundary correlated to a thermal boundary and impermeable cap
Wiersberg, Thomas. "Edelgase als Tracer für Wechselwirkungen von Krusten- und Mantelfluiden mit diamantführenden Gesteinen des östlichen Baltischen Schildes." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2001. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2005/27/.
Повний текст джерелаDie Gasextraktion aus Mineralseparaten erfolgte thermisch, wodurch eine Freisetzung der Gase ausschließlich aus Fluideinschlüssen nicht möglich ist. Hierbei zeigen Amphibol und Klinopyroxen, separiert aus Kostamuksha-Lamproiten, in ihrer Neon-Isotopenzusammensetzung im Vergleich zur krustalen Zusammensetzung (Kennedy et al., 1990) ein leicht erhöhtes Verhältnis von 20Ne/22Ne, was ein Hinweis auf Mantel-Neon sein könnte. Kalifeldspäte, Quarz und Karbonate enthalten dagegen nur Neon krustaler Zusammensetzung. Phlogopite haben sehr kleine Verhältnisse von 20Ne/22Ne und 21Ne/22Ne, zurückzuführen auf in-situ-Produktion von 22Ne in Folge von U- und Th-Zerfallsprozessen.
Wie unterschiedliche thermische Entgasungsmuster für 40Ar und 36Ar zeigen, ist 36Ar in Fluideinschlüssen konzentriert. Das 40Ar/36Ar-Isotopenverhältnis der Fluideinschlüsse von Lamproiten aus Kostamuksha ist antikorreliert mit der durch thermische Extraktion bestimmten Gesamtmenge an 36Ar. Argon aus Fluideinschlüssen setzt sich daher aus zwei Komponenten zusammen: Einer Komponente mit atmosphärischer Argon-Isotopenzusammensetzung und einer krustalen Komponente mit einem Isotopenverhältnis 40Ar/36Ar > 6000. Diffusion von radiogenem 40Ar aus der Kristallmatrix in die Fluideinschlüsse spielt keine wesentliche Rolle.
Kimberlite aus Poria Guba und Kandalaksha zeigen anhand der Helium- und z. T. auch der Neon-Isotopenzusammensetzung eine Mantelkomponente in den Fluideinschlüssen an. Bei einem angenommenen 20Ne/22Ne-Isotopenverhältnis von 12,5 in der Mantelquelle ergibt sich ein 21Ne/22Ne-Isotopenverhältnis von 0,073 ± 0,011 sowie ein 3He/4He-Isotopenverhältnis, welches im Vergleich zum subkontinentalem Mantel (Dunai und Baur, 1995) stärker radiogen geprägt ist. Solche Isotopensignaturen sind mit höheren Konzentrationen an Uran und Thorium in der Mantelquelle der Kimberlite zu erklären.
Rb-Sr- und Sm-Nd-Altersbestimmungen erfolgten von russischer Seite (Belyatskii et al., 1997; Nikitina et al., 1999) und ergeben ein Alter von 1,23 Ga für den Lamproitvulkanismus in Kostamuksha. Eigene K-Ar-Datierungen an Phlogopiten und Kalifeldspäten stimmen mit einem Alter von 1193 ± 20 Ma fast mit den Rb-Sr- und Sm-Nd-Altern überein. Die K-Ar-Datierung an einem Phlogopit aus Poria Guba, separiert aus dem Kimberlit PGK 12a, ergibt ein Alter von 396 Ma, ebenfalls in guter Übereinstimmung mit Rb-Sr-und Sm-Nd-Altern (ca. 400 Ma, Lokhov, pers. Mitteilung). K-Ar-Altersbestimmungen an Gesamtgestein aus Poria Guba erbrachten kein schlüssiges Alter. Die Rb-Sr- und Sm-Nd-Alter des Lamproitmagmatismus in Poria Guba betragen 1,72 Ga (Nikitina et al., 1999).
Vergleiche von gemessenen mit berechneten Edelgaskonzentrationen aus in-situ-Produktion zeigen weiterhin, dass in Abhängigkeit vom Alter der Probe Diffusionsprozesse stattgefunden haben, die zu unterschiedlichen und z. T. erheblichen Verlusten an Helium und Neon führten. Diffusionsverluste an Argon sind dagegen kaum signifikant. Unterschiedliche Diffusionsverluste in Abhängigkeit von Alter und betrachtetem Edelgas zeigen auch die primordialen Edelgase.
In the present thesis, interactions of kimberlites and lamproites as well as their constituent minerals with fluids are discussed based on noble gas compositions. The samples originate from the eastern Baltic Shield, more specifically from the Kola craton (Poria Guba and Kandalaksha) and the Karelia craton (Kostamuksha). Gas was extracted by stepwise heating and crushing from 23 whole rock samples and 15 mineral separates. These two techniques allow differential extraction of gas from fluid inclusions (crushing technique) and from the bulk sample (stepwise heating). The noble gas analyses provide the following information:
Helium and neon isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions in lamproites reveal the presence of a crustal fluid phase. Fluid interaction probably ocurred already during the process of magma ascent. Interaction after lamproite emplacement seems unlikely. The lamproites and their host rock differ in the degree of fluid-rock interaction, as demonstrated by the C/36Ar composition. In addition, various dating methods (Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, K-Ar) yield almost the same age within analytical error. Thus, a metamorphic overprint can be excluded. The distribution of primordial noble gases between fluid inclusions and crystal lattice suggests a relatively slow magma ascent, making an interaction of the lamproitic magma with crustal fluids even more likely. Since noble gases from mineral separates were extracted only by the stepwise heating method, gases stored in fluid inclusions could not be released separately.
Amphibole and clinopyroxene separates yielded a higher 20Ne/22Ne ratio in comparison to crustal composition (Kennedy et al., 1990). This presumably is an indication of a mantle derived fluid phase. On the other hand, neon isotopic composition of K-feldspar, quartz and carbonate separates are indistinguishable from the crustal composition. In comparison to other mineral separates, phlogopite yields very low ratios of 20Ne/22Ne and 21Ne/22Ne due to in situ production of 22Ne, which is a result of nuclear reactions.
The distinct thermal gas release patterns of 40Ar and 36Ar indicates that 36Ar is concentrated in fluid inclusions. The 40Ar/36Ar isotopic ratio in fluid inclusions shows a negative correlation with the total amount of 36Ar released by thermal extraction. Therefore, argon from fluid inclusions is a simple 2-component mixture of air and a crustal component with an 40Ar/36Ar ratio > 6000. It can be shown that diffusion of 40Ar from the matrix into fluid inclusions is negligible.
In contrast to lamproites, whole rock kimberlite samples from Poria Guba and Kandalaksha show clear evidence in helium and, to a certain extentalso in neon isotope ratios, of interaction with a mantle derived fluid phase. Assuming a 20Ne/22Ne ratio of 12.5 for the mantle endmember, a 21Ne/22 Ne ratio of 0.073 ± 0.011 can be calculated. Likewise, the resulting 3He/4He ratio is more strongly influenced by radiogenic helium in comparison to the mean subcontinental mantle (Dunai und Baur, 1995). Such behaviour reflects higher concentrations of uranium and thorium in the magma source of kimberlites than the subcontinental mantle.
Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd age determinations (Belyatskii et al., 1997; Nikitina et al., 1999) yield 1.23 Ga for the lamproite magmatism in Kostamuksha. K-Ar dating of phlogopite and K-feldspar provides similar ages (1.19 Ga). K-Ar dating of a single phlogopite separate from the Kimberlite sample PGK12a from Poria Guba, yields an age of 396 Ma which corresponds well with Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd ages.
Depending on sample age, distinct and partly extensive diffusive loss of helium and neon has occurred, as shown by comparison of measured and calculated concentrations of in situ produced isotopes. Diffusion loss is negligible for argon. This is also strongly supported by primordial noble gas composition.
Zoporowski, Anna [Verfasser]. "Dynamical and Mechanistic Effects of High Pressure Fluids in the Earth's Crust / Anna Zoporowski. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1021444855/34.
Повний текст джерелаIchiki, Masahiro. "Resistivity Structures of a Subduction Zone and a Seismically Active Area - Some Evidence of Fluid and its Role in the Earth's Crust and the Uppermost Mantle." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181956.
Повний текст джерелаBaese, Rauno [Verfasser]. "Fluid-rock interaction processes during subduction and exhumation of oceanic crust: Constraints from jadeitites in serpentinites, eclogite veins in blueschists and tectonic breccias formed during uplift / Rauno Baese." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1030604762/34.
Повний текст джерелаAbily, Bénédicte. "Caractéristiques pétrographique, géochimique et structurale de la section crustale profonde de l'ophiolite d'Oman : Implications pour la genèse des magmas et le fonctionnement des chambres magmatiques à l'aplomb d'un centre d'expansion océanique." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627553.
Повний текст джерелаWilckens, Frederike Kristina [Verfasser], Simone A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kasemann, Simone A. [Gutachter] Kasemann, and Wolfgang [Gutachter] Bach. "Isotopic signatures in hydrothermal vent fluids and the oceanic crust : tracing of sub-seafloor magmatic and hydrothermal processes / Frederike Kristina Wilckens ; Gutachter: Simone A. Kasemann, Wolfgang Bach ; Betreuer: Simone A. Kasemann." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/115700704X/34.
Повний текст джерелаGrasso, Jean-Robert. "Fluides et instabilités sismiques : implications pour le comportement mécanique de la croûte supérieure." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703292.
Повний текст джерелаRigaudier, Thomas. "Analyse isotopique des inclusions fluides des matériaux de la croûte terrestre : caractérisation des sources des fluides et reconstitutions paléoclimatiques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00733643.
Повний текст джерелаBarker, Shaun. "Dynamics of fluid flow and fluid chemistry during crustal shortening." Phd thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/49303.
Повний текст джерелаKay, B. V. "Testing the uncover paradigm: crustal fluid pathways in the Curnamona Province." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/128253.
Повний текст джерелаIn July 2017, scale-reduction was undertaken to improve the bandwidth and resolution of the AusLAMP defined Curnamona Conductor (Robertson et al., 2016) by way of a broadband magnetotelluric profile with site spacing of 2 km, extending from the Erudina Domain across the Mudguard and Quinyambie Domains in the Curnamona Province. A fossil fluid pathway has been identified from the lower mid crustal conductor to the near surface situated near a topographic basement high. The upper crustal conductor has been further delineated beneath the Quinyambie Domain to within 5 km of the surface situated alongside a major crustal feature.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Physical Sciences, 2017
Soeffky, P. "Delineating the deep crustal fluid link between the Paralana Enhanced Geothermal System and the Beverley Uranium Mine using magnetotellurics." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/95486.
Повний текст джерелаThe global demand for clean energy alternatives is constantly increasing, creating significant interest for more sustainable energy resources such as uranium and geothermal. Australia is host to over 25% of the world's known uranium resources as well as having significant geothermal potential. The Mount Painter Domain, in the Northern Flinders Ranges in South Australia, is in a region of anomalously high heat flow generated by radiogenic decay of uranium and thorium rich granites. Two distinct uranium deposits have formed from dissolved uranium carried from the ranges by fluids, being deposited where reduction in sediment pH precipitates uranium. In May 2012 a magnetotelluric profile was collected, extending from the Northern Flinders Ranges to the Lake Frome embayment to help constrain existing resistivity models. Precipitation of uranium at the Beverley Mine site is anomalous as no surface water flow is present, suggesting the presence of subsurface processes. This pathway is linked to a 50m conductive body at the brittle-ductile boundary of the mid-crust, directly under the Paralana geothermal prospect. 3D modelling of the Paralana geothermal prospect suggests deep conductive features connecting with features at the surface.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2012
Nüchter, Jens Alexander [Verfasser]. "The structural record of mid crustal stress and pore fluid pressure changes related to the earthquake cycle / Jens Alexander Nüchter." 2007. http://d-nb.info/983666849/34.
Повний текст джерелаHensch, Martin [Verfasser]. "On the interrelation of fluid induced seismicity and crustal deformation at the Columbo submarine volcano (Aegean Sea, Greece) / vorgelegt von Martin Hensch." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000297624/34.
Повний текст джерелаRobin, Catherine M. I. "Diapirism on Venus and the Early Earth and The thermal effect of fluid flows in AECL's Tunnel Sealing Experiment." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24863.
Повний текст джерелаEckert, Andreas [Verfasser]. "3D multi-scale finite element analysis of the crustal state of stress in the Western US and the Eastern California Shear Zone, and implications for stress - fluid flow interactions for the Coso geothermal field / von Andreas Eckert." 2007. http://d-nb.info/986722170/34.
Повний текст джерелаWilliams, Morgan John. "Tracing Fluids from Seafloor to Deep Subduction Environments: An In-situ Geochemical Investigation of Fluid-Mobile Elements in Oceanic Crust." Phd thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/165238.
Повний текст джерелаMarquis, Guy. "Geophysical studies of saline fluids in the deep crust." Thesis, 1992. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9586.
Повний текст джерелаGraduate
Blatter, Daniel. "Constraining fluid properties in the mantle and crust using Bayesian inversion of electromagnetic data." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-b6nw-b545.
Повний текст джерелаScicchitano, Maria Rosa. "Oxygen isotopes as tracers and stopwatches for rock-fluid interaction in the crust: New analytical and experimental developments." Phd thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144939.
Повний текст джерелаMottaghy, Darius Christopher [Verfasser]. "Heat transfer processes in the upper crust: influence of structure, fluid flow, and palaeoclimate / vorgelegt von Darius Christopher Mottaghy." 2007. http://d-nb.info/985669136/34.
Повний текст джерелаBoulahanis, Bridgit. "Seismic studies of interactions between the accretionary, tectonic, fluid flow, and sedimentary processes that impact the evolution of oceanic lithosphere." Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-4739-e945.
Повний текст джерелаTian, Zhu. "Tracing on-axis diffuse fluids by chalcophile elements distribution in upper oceanic crust at Pito Deep, East Pacific Rise." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7646.
Повний текст джерелаGraduate
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