Дисертації з теми "Crustal dynamics"
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Barker, Shaun, and sbarker@eos ubc ca. "Dynamics of fluid flow and fluid chemistry during crustal shortening." The Australian National University. Research School of Earth Sciences, 2007. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20090711.074630.
Повний текст джерелаMusumeci, Carla. "Crustal structure and dynamics in southeastern Sicily (Italy) by using seismological data." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1329.
Повний текст джерелаObana, Koichiro. "Development of Seafloor Positioning System with GPS-acoustic Link for Crustal Dynamics Observation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181958.
Повний текст джерелаPeter, Yannick Fabien. "Present-day crustal dynamics in the Adriatic-Aegean plate boundary zone inferred from continuous GPS-measurements /." Zürich, 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13700.
Повний текст джерелаTung, Sui, and 董帥. "Co-seismic and post-seismic gravity variation associated with the 2008 M=8 Wenchuan earthquake : implication for crustal dynamics." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197833.
Повний текст джерелаpublished_or_final_version
Earth Sciences
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Cartwright-Taylor, A. L. G. "Deformation-induced electric currents in marble under simulated crustal conditions : non-extensivity, superstatistical dynamics and implications for earthquake hazard." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1471386/.
Повний текст джерелаWobbe, Florian [Verfasser], Vikram [Akademischer Betreuer] Unnithan, Karsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Gohl, Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Grosfeld, Carmen [Akademischer Betreuer] Gaina, and Primio Rolando [Akademischer Betreuer] Di. "Crustal and lithosphere dynamics of the Southern Pacific and the West Antarctic margin / Florian Wobbe. Betreuer: Vikram Unnithan ; Karsten Gohl. Gutachter: Vikram Unnithan ; Klaus Grosfeld ; Carmen Gaina ; Rolando Di Primio." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1087315581/34.
Повний текст джерелаMazza, Sarah Elizabeth. "Thermal Structure of Mid-Crustal Shear Zones." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23284.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Brommer, Axel. "Strukturelle Entwicklung und Petrogenese des nördlichen Kristallingürtels der Shackleton Range, Antarktis: Proterozoische und Ross-orogene Krustendynamik am Rand des Ostantarktischen Kratons = Structural evolution and petrogenesis of the northern crystalline belt of the Shackleton Range, Antarctica: Proterozoic and Ross-orogenic crustal dynamics along the margin of the East Antarctic Craton /." Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1998. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/252821556.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPorritt, R. W., and S. Yoshioka. "Evidence of Dynamic Crustal Deformation in Tohoku, Japan, From Time-Varying Receiver Functions." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626288.
Повний текст джерелаBevan, Jane Louise. "Dynamics of lichen dominated biological soil crusts in the El Cautivo Badlands, Southeast Spain." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501775.
Повний текст джерелаGHEZA, GABRIELE. "Dynamics and ecological functions of Cryptogam Soil Crusts (CSC) in planitial landscapes of continental-temperate regions." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1249550.
Повний текст джерелаDry grasslands and heathlands are important habitats for biodiversity conservation and host cryptogam soil crusts (CSC) that greatly contribute to ecosystem functioning. This thesis aims at exploring: the terricolous lichen diversity in dry habitats in a human-impacted lowland (Po Plain, N Italy); the compositional patterns of CSC across dry grasslands and heathlands, also accounting for the dynamic stage of the vegetation (pioneer vs mature); the effects of small-scale disturbances on the three main taxa found in cryptogam-rich dry grasslands (vascular plants, lichens, bryophytes); the potential of CSC in delivering the ecosystem service of storing seeds of vascular plants, in the perspective of habitat restoration. Diversity and dynamics were studied by means of vegetation surveys in circular plots, whose number was area-dependent, located along transects in each habitat patch (= 185 plots in 60 grasslands, 114 plots in 22 heathlands). The % cover of each plant, bryophyte and lichen was recorded, with environmental (soil pH and texture, vegetation structure, altitude, bare soil %), disturbance-related (human trampling, cattle and lagomorphs fecal pellets, wild boar scratches) and climate variables (mean annual temperature and precipitation). The composition in lichens and bryophytes was compared among the 3 habitat types (3 groups) and between their dynamic stages (pioneer vs mature, 6 groups) to understand whether it is habitat- and stage-specific by means of NMDS, PERMANOVA and Indicator Species Analysis. Drivers of cover and species richness of the 3 taxa were analyzed for dry grasslands by means of generalized linear models. The seed storing function was studied taking 5 samples of CSC in 4 acidic grassland patches (= 20 samples), each sample taken at the centre of one plot surveyed in the previous spring. The samples were dryed, crumbled on sterile gardening soil in a controlled situation. All the germinated seedlings were identified and counted. Data were analyzed in comparison to data from the donor plots by means of Kruskal-Wallis test and linear regression, considering all the species and then native and non-native species separately . 33 terricolous lichen species were recorded, of which 13 of conservation concern. In spite of the widespread presence of few common species and the generally low species richness, composition differs significantly between the 3 habitat types and between pioneer vs mature heathlands, less markedly between dynamic stages within each grassland type. Three well-characterized assemblages which include many species of conservation concern were found for both lichens and bryophytes. Cryptogam assemblages are influences also by rainfall, soil features and vegetation structure. Increase of soil pH and disturbance by lagomorph fecal pellets have a negative effect on lichens, as well as their interaction (the negative effect of pellets is more evident at the increase of soil pH). Soil pH, fecal pellets and precipitation have a positive effect on bryophytes. Human trampling and fecal pellets have a negative effect on vascular plants, while increase of soil pH has a positive effect. The interaction of soil pH and pellets has an effect opposite than on lichens (the negative effect of pellets is more evident at the decrease of soil pH). CSC are able to store and release vascular plant seeds which are viable and can germinate when placed in proper conditions. The number of species and individuals of vascular plants germinated from CSC is comparable to what recorded in nature in the donor plots. Native species richness was higher, while native species germinated with less individuals than non-native species. These results are useful in addressing conservation towards the management and protection of all the lowland dry habitats, due to the differentiation among the cryptogam assemblages they host and to the presence of several species of conservation concern.
Luo, Gang Liu Mian. "Dynamic links between short-term deformation and long-term tectonics a finite element study /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6966.
Повний текст джерелаCaracausi, Antonio. "Noble gases as geochemical tracers of Earth's dynamic and evolution." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0339.
Повний текст джерелаIn my project, I used the nobles gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe) to investigate natural processes occurring in different geodynamical contexts (i.e., subduction, continental collision, rifting), showing how the use of the noble gases is fundamental to constrain the origin of volatiles, and to investigate the Earth interior. Furthermore, I also used these volatiles to recognize the processes (water-gas-rock interaction) that occur during the fluids up rise from the Earth’s interior to the atmosphere and quantitatively constrain the extents of these processes. The results of my project are summarized in five main topics: 1) Insights into the degassing history of Earth’s mantle from high precision noble gas analysis of magmatic gas 2) Noble Gas and Carbon Isotope Systematics at the Seemingly Inactive Ciomadul Volcano (Romania): Evidence for Volcanic Degassing 3) Mantle‐Derived Fluids in the East Java Sedimentary Basin, Indonesia 4) Outgassing of Mantle Volatiles in Compressional Tectonic Regime Away From Volcanism: The Role of Continental Delamination 5) Continental degassing of helium in an active tectonic setting (northern Italy): the role of seismicity
Zoporowski, Anna [Verfasser]. "Dynamical and Mechanistic Effects of High Pressure Fluids in the Earth's Crust / Anna Zoporowski. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1021444855/34.
Повний текст джерелаCoulaud, Romain. "Modélisation et changements d'échelles pour l'évaluation écotoxicologique : application à deux macroinvertébrés aquatiques, Gammarus fossarum (crustacé amphipode) et potamopyrgus antipodarum (mollusque gastéropode)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10018/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe regulatory framework lead to increase the assessments of the ecological risk linked to the dischaarge of chemical substances in aquatic environment with the aim to protect natural populations. However, this target level of protection cannot be used so easily to etablish a direcet link between a contamination and its effects. In order to overcome this difficulty, the multi-scale approaches based on the study of the effects of the contaminations on individual markers and then on the extrapolation of these effects at the population level with population dynamic models reprensent promising tools and start to bewell accepted in predictive processes. Yet, their use for the diagnosis of water quality remainsrare for the moment, on the one hand, because of the important varaibility of answers of individual makers in situ linked to the influence of diverse confounding environmental factors for the assessments of toxicity and, on the other hand, because pf the lack of environmental relevance of models currently proposed. Focused on the use of 2 species widely observed in European rivers and presenting contrastingecological and phylogenetic characteristics : the Grammar fossarum crutacean and the Potamopyrgus antipodarum mollusc, this doctoral degree first propose a methodology to consider the influenceof confounding factors in order to improve the reading of biological in situ tests based on the measurment of individual markers on caged organisms and second, to develop ecologically relevant population models. Thus, this work allowed to underline the importance of the consideration of confounding factors (i.e. temperature), in different in situ tests based on the measurment of individul markers on caged organisms. Moreover, population models for both species have been defined in order to test the influence of life histories and seasonal variations on demographic sensitivity of populations
Cribiu, Pauline. "Étude des effets inter et transgénérationnels de l’exposition parentale au stress chimique chez le crustacé amphipode Gammarus fossarum." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSET002.
Повний текст джерелаMost of the current ecotoxicological approaches (i.e. laboratory bioassays, biomarker, in situ tests) assess the effects of contaminants at the individual level on short response time, that do not match the time scale of population dynamics. In addition to toxicity occurring during the chemical exposure of individuals, effects can arise later along the lifetime of organisms and of their progeny. Such delayed effects can lead to significant impact on population demography, resilience and tolerance, as well as on population vulnerability to new environmental disruptions. Studying these effects is a real challenge to improve the understanding of population response to chemical stress in ecosystems. In this context, the main purpose of this thesis was to explore intergenerational and transgenerational effects of parental contaminant exposure and their consequences on the functioning of the populations in the sentinel species Gammarus fossarum (Crustacea). To do so, challenging oneyear lab experiment together with population dynamics modelling were performed. The experimental statement was to only expose the parental generation (F0) and then to monitor the development of successive generations in an uncontaminated environment. Assuming a prevalent involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the onset of delayed effects, this work explored for the first time the global genomic cytosine methylation level in Gammarus fossarum. The studied epigenetic mark was shown to be sensitive to heat stress, chemical stress (cadmium) and to food starvation in controlled laboratory conditions. A substantial variability in the basal level between several natural populations of Gammarus fossarum was also recorded. In the light of the multi-generational experiments, cascading effects were observed on G. fossarum life history traits until the third offspring generation after the parental exposure to cadmium or 3,4-dichloroaniline. In addition, a significant role of trade-offs between life-history traits and between generations can be suggested in the emergence of delayed effects. These trade-offs translate into the maintenance of demographic population capacity after the parental cadmium exposure and could be consequently constrained by life history strategy of Gammarus fossarum. Hence, these results highlight the interest of expanding the studied response time beyond the first offspring generation and of studying the long-term effects of chemical stress in non-target environmental species. Such approaches can be suggested to improve the understanding of natural population responses to contamination and to upgrade the ecological relevance of the current risk assessment
Grasso, Jean-Robert. "Fluides et instabilités sismiques : implications pour le comportement mécanique de la croûte supérieure." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703292.
Повний текст джерелаXia, Yu. "Dynamics of the eastern edge of the Rio Grande Rift." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/21930.
Повний текст джерелаtext
Barker, Shaun. "Dynamics of fluid flow and fluid chemistry during crustal shortening." Phd thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/49303.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Ping-Chuan, and 陳炳權. "Crustal Dynamics During Orogenic Evolution:An Example from Kinmen Island, SE China." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ntj5xp.
Повний текст джерела國立臺灣師範大學
地球科學系
105
Orogeny refers to the event of making mountain belt. During orogeny, a mountain belt experienced different orogenic stages, including syn-orogeny, post-orogeny, and an-orogeny, with various conditions of temperature, pressure, geochemical signature, stress and fluid pressure. Researchers usually expect to observe different stress regimes corresponding to different orogenic stages. So far, no document had reported the phenomena of stress evolution from reverse faulting via strike-slip faulting to normal faulting stress regimes in stages of syn-orogenic, post-orogenic and an-orogenic, respectively. However, Study of dikes from Kinmen Island can shed light to show the stress evolution of orogeny. The Kinmen Island, located in the southeastern continental margin of Mainland China, cropped out the middle-lower continental crust, which was experienced different deformation and metamorphism during Late Yenshanian Orogeny. Based on previous studies of geochemistry, geochronology, and P-T condition, different types of dikes are identified. They are syn-orogenic dikes of amphibolite (138-132Ma), post-orogenic dikes of pegmatite and aplite (110-100Ma), and an-orogenic dike of gabbro (94-76Ma). The mechanism of dike development is when magma pressure overcomes the minimum stress, magma can create the intrusive dike perpendicular with the minimum stress. By investigating the distribution and attitude of dikes with different lithologies, stress orientation corresponding to the different orogenic stage can be estimated. With the constraint of rock strength, mean stress from geobarometer and vertical stress in each stage, the magnitude of stress field and magma pressure for each stage can be further calculated. This research restructured crustal dynamics evolution during Late Yanshanian Orogeny by measuring the attitude of dike around Kinman and Leiyu island. (1) Compared with orogenic stage and crustal stress regime: syn-orogeny was reverse faulting stress regime, post-orogeny and an-orogeny were normal faulting stress regime. But, the value of post-orogenic stage stress field was strike-slip faulting stress regime. (2) As the syn-orogenic stage, amphibolite and tonalite dike intrusion appeared as low dip angle, which reflected that reverse faulting regime and horizontal maximum stress direction in E-W orientation. This orientation was oblique the orientation of mountain belt, NW-SE. The stress ratio was 0.54±0.18. The fluid ratio was 0.59. The intrusive depth was 24.9km. These result reflected ellipsoid reverse faulting stress regime. The geothermal gradient was 30.1℃/km. Dikes formed in the environment, which fluid pressure were higher than lithostatic pressure. Integrate with outcrop result, the stress regime would change to strike-slip faulting stress regime or normal faulting stress regime. (3)As the post-orogenic stage, this study uses the attitude of pegmatite and aplite dike. Geobarometer uses Al-amp geobarometer inland, SE China. The str ess ratio was 0.69±0.14. The fluid ratio was 1.02. The intrusive depth was 5.5km. These result reflected plate normal faulting stress regime and horizontal maximum stress direction in NW-SE. The geothermal gradient was 93.5℃/km. Dikes formed in the environment, which fluid pressure was higher than lithostatic pressure. (4)Finally, an-orogenic dike intrusion struck NE-SW with steep dip angle direction, which reflected that normal faulting regime and NE-SW horizontal maximum stress direction. The stress ratio was 0.68±0.08. The fluid ratio was 0.72 or 0.17. The intrusive depth was 4.5km. The geothermal gradient was 77.7℃/km. These result reflected plate normal faulting stress regime. Dikes formed in the environment, which fluid pressure were lower than lithostatic pressure. (5)The vertical stress variation, a.k.a. erosion velocity ,in Kinmen area during Late Yanshanian Orogeny, syn-orogenic stage to post-orogenic stage erosion velocity was 0.82-0.49mm/yr, and post-orogenic stage to an-orogenic stage was 0.35-0.04mm/yr.
Okeler, Ahmet. "Subduction related crustal and mantle deformations and their implications for plate dynamics." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1556.
Повний текст джерелаGeophysics
Matta, Majd Mayyasi. "Modeling the Martian ionosphere." Thesis, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/14238.
Повний текст джерелаBatt, Geoffrey Ernest. "The crustal dynamics and tectonic evolution of the Southern Alps, New Zealand : insights from new geochronological data and fully coupled thermo-dynamical finite element modeling." Phd thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144135.
Повний текст джерела"Thermochemical Structure and Dynamics of Earth's Lowermost Mantle." Doctoral diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.27570.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Geological Sciences 2015
Lasser, Jana. "Geophysical Pattern Formation of Salt Playa." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E5DB-2.
Повний текст джерела