Дисертації з теми "Crome"
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1
Vanwormhoudt, Gilles. "Crome : un cadre de programmation par objets structurés en contextes." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-241.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
L'approche orientée objet offre à la base des qualités connues et largement exploitées pour le développement d'environnements logiciels complexes. Nous nous intéressons ici aux logiciels centres sur un référentiel d'objets intervenant dans des contextes applicatifs, ou fonctionnels, multiples. On rencontre de tels environnements dans les activités de conception ou d'ingénierie assistée par ordinateur. Dans une approche exclusivement orientée objet il est souvent difficile de concevoir et de circonscrire les fonctions transversales de tels systèmes. Cette thèse étudie leur double décomposition, orthogonale, en objets et en fonctions pour tirer profit conjointement de leurs qualités structurantes respectives. L'analyse de l'existant montre que ces deux axes de structuration ont souvent été étudiés séparément. Sous l'angle des objets nous retenons les techniques de programmation par points de vue. Elles se situent cependant au niveau granulaire trop fin de l'objet. Sous l'angle des fonctions plusieurs études montrent l'importance d'identifier cette dimension. Cependant les techniques employées ne font pas le lien entre la structuration en fonctions du système et la structuration interne des objets y prenant part. Nous proposons alors CROME, un cadre de programmation par objets structurés en contextes fonctionnels, décrits par des plans. Un plan de base introduit la structure du référentiel sous la forme d'une hiérarchie de classes. Chaque contexte fonctionnel est décrit par un plan qui adapte les objets du référentiel pour ses besoins. Cette adaptation s'appuie sur une technique d'héritage modulaire entre plans, la programmation de communications circonscrites aux contextes, et la programmation inter-contextes au sein des objets. CROME a été méta-programmé dans le langage ROME, profitant de sa représentation multiple par points de vue. Le cadre propose se veut général et nous montrons son application à l'environnement Smalltalk et des expériences de développement.
2
Lundqvist, Lisa. "Aldous Huxley’s Dichotomized Beginning towards Spirituality : An Analysis of Religious Aspects in Crome Yellow." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29168.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This essay is an analysis of the religious aspects of Crome Yellow. The main focus is to discover what Aldous Huxley’s views on religion were at the time he wrote Crome Yellow and to explore how Huxley’s contemporary surroundings influenced his views on religion. Huxley was born into a family and a society where there was a conflict between science and religion and this conflict together with the crises of his early life, came to affect him greatly. This essay conducts an analysis of Crome Yellow by utilizing Peter Berger’s theory of social construction, which includes information about Huxley’s contemporary surroundings. Huxley seems to have been ambiguous towards religion. He was concerned about the future of society and opposed to organized religion. He was longing for answers and meaning, and he had begun to form a spiritual belief where colour and light are central. These spiritual aspects can be seen as the beginning of Huxley’s spiritual enlightenment.
3
Debrauwer, Laurent. "Des vues aux contextes pour la structuration fonctionnelle de bases de données à objets en CROME." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-253.pdf.
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4
Werner, Felix [Verfasser], and J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Blümer. "Detection of Microwave Emission of Extensive Air Showers with the CROME Experiment / Felix Werner. Betreuer: J. Blümer." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1058165259/34.
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5
Gatti, André. "Estudo da função glomerular em Golden Retrievers normais, portadores e afetados pela distrofia muscular progressiva (GRMD)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-16102007-103227/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As distrofias musculares em crianças e adolescentes acometem 1 em cada 3000 nascimentos. A distrofia de Duchenne é de origem genética e herança recessiva ligada ao cromossomo X, sendo determinada pela ausência da proteína distrofina, apresenta caráter invariavelmente progressivo, natureza mórbida e fim letal. Até o momento não se conhece tratamento efetivo, mesmo com todo o conhecimento que se tem da etiopatogenia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, no modelo animal, utilizando cães golden retrievers normais portadores e afetados pela distrofia muscular progressiva, a existência de alterações na função glomerular, através da comparação entre os clearances de creatinina, clearance do radionuclídeo EDTA-cromo e da concentração sérica de uréia e creatinina. Os animais foram divididos em 3 grupos de 9 animais sendo grupo 1 controle, grupo 2 portador e grupo 3 afetados. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao mesmos protocolos de exames. Não foram identificadas alterações significativas entre os grupos ou individualmente, sendo que todos os resultados encontraram-se dentro dos limites de normalidade. Sendo assim lesões renais primárias, obscuras aos testes convencionais, descartando-se uma correlação entre a distrofia muscular e lesão na musculatura dos vasos renais que pudessem levar a alterações da função do órgão.The muscular dystrophys in children and teenagers is taken in 1 each 3000 births. The Duchenne`s dystrophy is from genetics origin and recessive heritage linked to X cromossome, and also determined by the lacre of dystrophyne protein; it shows progressive characteristics, morbid nature and a letal end. So far there is no known effective treatment, even with all the ethiopatogein knowledge. The goal of use of normal golden retrievers dogs, bling then carriers and affected by the progressive muscular dystrophy, the changing existence in the glomerular function through the comparison between the creatinine clearance, EDTA-crome clearance and seric urea and creatinine. Aiming the early diagnostic of the renal pathology. The animals were divided in 3 groups of 9 animals, bling group 1 control animals, group 2 carriers animals and group 3 affected animals. All of then were submitted to the some examinations protocols Their was no relevant identification between the groups or either individually, as all the results were within the expected and natural limits. Likewise, renal primary wounds are not clear in traditional tests made in dystrophyc animals, mainly caused by the muscular wounds in reanal vases harming this way the organ function.
6
Modig, Andrew. "The Rational State : A feminist look, supported by Althusser’s Marxist theory, at how Mr. Scogan views and interacts with the women in Aldous Huxley’s Crome Yellow." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12167.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper analyses Mr. Scogan and his treatment of women with the use of Althusser’s Marxist theory which (supposedly and in this case successfully) reveals the ideology which infuses every State and every larger social group. Feminist theory is then used to analyse his philosophy which influences both his utopia, “the Rational State”, as well as his treatment of women – the conclusion drawn after analysing several events or discussions in Crome Yellow, such as on the Home Farm, the Rational State and the Charity Fair was that Mr. Scogan is perhaps not representative of all men and certainly not of men (and men’s notions) at the timeof Crome Yellow’s publication, but he is representative of a stereotypical man who oppress women based on their femininity. The worst case scenario drawn was that Mr. Scogan could be a rapist of young virgins.
7
Nees, Christa-Irene [Verfasser]. "August Friedrich Wilhelm Crome: Man kann nicht alles seyn, jeder muß seinen Beruf fühlen. Meiner liegt in der großen Welt : Zum Selbstverständnis eines umstrittenen Professors um 1800 / Christa-Irene Nees." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1061196003/34.
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8
Litton, Roger Anthony. "Crime, crime prevention and insurance." Thesis, Open University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262150.
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9
Marshall, Hollianne. "DEFENDED NEIGHBORHOODS AND ORGANIZED CRIME: DOES ORGANIZED CRIME LOWER STREET CRIME?" Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2799.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The literature suggests that neighborhoods with organized criminal networks would have lower crime rates than other neighborhoods or communities, because of the social control their organization exerts on residents and visitors. The strictly organized Italian-American Mafia seems to have characteristics that would translate throughout the neighborhood: People will not participate in overt illegal behaviors because they do not know who is watching, and the fear of what the Mafia might do keeps residents and visitors to the neighborhood relatively well-behaved. Using crime statistics from the NYPD and census data for neighborhood characteristics, four linear regressions were calculated. The results indicate that low socioeconomic status is the main factor explaining neighborhood crime rate variations in New York City. The percent of the population under 18 and density were also listed as influential factors for some variables. The percent of foreign-born Italians was noted as significant in the correlation models, though it is not yet clear what this might truly indicate. The proxy variable for Mafia presence was not significant, and this can either be due to inaccuracies of the measurement of the variable or a true decrease in the influence of Mafia presence after the string of RICO arrests in the 1980s and 1990s. The results imply that Mafia presence does not influence neighborhood social control, but they do reinforce social disorganization theory. The foundation of this theory is neighborhood stability; the more unstable a neighborhood is, the more susceptible the neighborhood is to crime and dysfunction. Factors like low socioeconomic status and density influence neighborhood stability. Future research should attempt to have more accurate representations of Mafia presence and neighborhood characteristics.M.A.
Department of Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology MA
10
Marshall, Hollianne Elizabeth. "Defended neighborhoods and organized crime does organized crime lower street crime? /." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002751.
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11
Bark, Trevor George William. "Custom becomes crime, crime becomes custom." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2006. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6872/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines the changing relationship between customary activities of the poor and economic change. The social crime debate is used to illustrate the historical importance of informal economic activity, both as a survival strategy and as a means of protest. Key issues of the experience in Britain will be highlighted, and issues such as self-interest will be placed within community toleration. Ironically, social criminal activities are also in the wider interests of the class of people from which social criminals themselves originate. The change from Feudalism and the origin of capitalism (particularly industrial capitalism) created the working class. The peasantry were increasingly displaced from the land, and habits suitable for work paid in cash were inculcated and forced upon people. Customary agricultural practices were gradually whittled away, but the working class changed these into perquisites and new customary work-based appropriation. Protest became located within the official structures of the labour movement, and increasingly orientated around the wage form. The post World War II economic boom encouraged standardisation and stabilisation of products, and within society itself. The onset of economic crises, beginning in the late 1960s, had increasingly global effects, and involved new markets encouraged by European integration. This changed the nature of (un)employment relations, the composition of the working class, consumption demands and possibilities, as well as creating a large and growing informal economy. This new casual and opportunistic, official/unofficial labour market, has meant a resurgence of social crime as a normal feature of survival. Shoplifting, tobacco and alcohol smuggling will be theoretically and practically examined; social crime content assessed; and protest capacity explored. Informant narratives highlight these key features of our time. The thesis further argues that crime has returned as a central aspect of culture.
12
Liu, Kit-ming. "Hong Kong crime statistics and crime indexes." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31976025.
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Liu, Kit-ming, and 廖潔明. "Hong Kong crime statistics and crime indexes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976025.
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14
Ferreira, Angelita Rangel. "Crime-prisão-crime: o círculo vicioso da pobreza e a reincidência no crime." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2010. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4546.
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A utilização de práticas consideradas criminosas na busca de satisfação de necessidades leva muitos dos sujeitos que a utilizam, sobretudo, aquele cuja inserção na vida social se dá de forma subalternizada, à prisão. E, mesmo depois de cumprir pena de privação de liberdade, esses sujeitos permanecem com essas mesmas práticas, o que demonstra a ineficácia do sistema prisional em cumprir seu suposto objetivo, o de ressocializar. Assim sendo, o objetivo da presente pesquisa de mestrado é identificar, a partir das vozes daqueles que a protagonizam – homens e mulheres privados de liberdade no Centro de Remanejamento do Sistema Prisional – CERESP de Ipatinga/MG –, os fatores sociais, políticos, econômicos, históricos e culturais que os impelem a reproduzir o percurso crime-prisão-liberdadecrime, num circulo vicioso sem fim. Para tanto, compreendemos que a sociedade capitalista se organiza de tal forma que “obriga” as pessoas a criarem estratégias para sobreviver nela. Essa sobrevivência, para alguns, diz respeito à reprodução física e espiritual e, para outros, ao processo de acumulação de capital. É nessa perspectiva de satisfação de necessidades que pontuamos a criminalidade como um recurso mobilizado pelas classes sociais. Para a classe privilegiada, os atos qualificados como crime, podem ser utilizados como forma de satisfazer a necessidade de ampliação da acumulação de riqueza, de dinheiro e de poder já para a classe mais subalternizada, pode servir como forma de satisfazer a necessidade de reproduzir-se e sobreviver num sistema cujas principais categorias de análise são alienação, exploração e desigualdades. Nossos pesquisados apontam vários fatores como motivadores da reincidência no crime, mas, entendemos que eles o fazem de forma acrítica, imediata e aparente, visto estarem submersos em processos alienantes antes, durante e depois de experimentarem a privação de liberdade. Mas a análise aqui realizada busca identificar e compreender, a partir da utilização do método crítico dialético, onde reside a essência do problema da reincidência no crime.
The use of practices deemed criminal in search of satisfaction of needs leads many of the individuals that use it, especially one whose insertion in social life takes on a lesser role, to prison. And even after serving sentences of imprisonment, these remain subject to these same practices, which demonstrates the ineffectiveness of the prison system to meet its purported goal, to re-socialize. Therefore, the aim of this Master thesis is to identify, from the voices of those who are protagonists - men and women deprived of liberty in the Relocation Center of Prisons - CERESP Ipatinga / MG - the social, political, economic, historical and cultural factors that stimulate them to reproduce the route crime-prison-free-crime, a vicious circle without end. For that, we understand that capitalist society is organized so that "compels" people to create strategies to survive it. This survival, for some, concerns the physical and spiritual reproduction, and for others, the process of capital accumulation. In this prospect the crime is a satisfaction of needs and, at this, it‟s infact, stimulated by social inequality. For the privileged class, the acts qualified as criminal, may be used as a way to satisfy the need to increase the accumulation of wealth, money and power. Already to the class most undervalued, may serve as a way to satisfy the need to reproduce and survive in a system whose main categories of analysis are alienation, exploitation and inequality. Our respondents point to several factors as motivators of recidivism in crime, but we understand that they do so uncritically, immediately and ostensibly, seeing that they are submerged in alienating processes before, during and after experiencing the deprivation of liberty. But the analysis conducted here seeks to identify and understand, from the use of dialectical critical method, which is the essence of the problem of recidivism.
15
Naidu, Sam. "Crime travel: a survey of representations of transnational crime in South African crime fiction." Journal of Commonwealth and Postcolonial Studies, 2016. http://jcpcsonline.com/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The literatures, the histories, the politics, and the arts whose focus, locales, or subjects involve Britain and other European countries and their former colonies, the now decolonized, independent nations in the Americas, Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean, and also Australia, Canada, Ireland, and New Zealand.
16
Forss, Norstedt Hampus, and Jasmine Effie Malmqvist. "Non-state crime prevention methods : Preventing youth crime." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose for this qualitative study is to examine the crime prevention strategies against youth crime within non-state actors' work. As well as obtaining views of successes and challenges of this work in practice. Youth crime is a major area of interest within criminology, and in recent years much interest has been directed at problems that arise in the so-called vulnerable areas of Sweden, where young people are at risk of being drawn into crime. Information has been gathered through semi-structured interviews with nine people representing seven different organizations / associations. The actors work with young people in one way or another through sports activities, mentor programs or independent youth centers; and most actors are active in vulnerable areas. The results show that it seems important to have committed adults in order to engage and gain trust from the young people. Further strategies for activating the young people in prosocial activities is revealed, as well as to spread good attitudes among the youths. The findings are put within the framework of criminological theories in order to discuss2021-01-13
17
Dodsley, Thomas Paul. "Images of crime : young people, cultural representations of crime, and crime concern in late modernity." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12042/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Set within the context of a late modern world where crime is both controlled and commodified, this thesis explores young people’s crime concerns and their opinions on the cultural representation of crime. Following a reconceptualisation and widening of the notion of fear of crime, crime concern is employed to investigate young people’s concerns regarding crime prevalence, crime management and crime representation. Encompassing a cultural criminological approach and an interpretive phenomenological attitude, this thesis utilises performative drama alongside focus groups to explore how crime concerns and the cultural representation of crime interact to inform everyday lived experience. The thesis finds that the young people in the study demonstrate an acute awareness of the processes which shape their understandings of crime. Such awareness is rooted in their sense of agency and embedded in a resistance towards the dominant discourse of problematic and risky youth. The crime concerns that the participants expressed were primarily regarding the representation and management of crime. Varying concerns around crime prevalence were identified. The findings reveal that gendered implications play a key role in shaping crime concern and forming opinions on the cultural representation of crime. The thesis concludes by reflecting upon the research process and pointing towards future directions for criminology.
18
Sampaio, Álvaro Miguel do Céu Gramaxo Oliveira. "Design against crime: prevenção do crime em espaço urbano." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1145.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mestrado em Design, Materiais e Gestão do ProdutoO crime é parte integrante da nossa sociedade. Hoje, quando se fala de crime, associa-se habitualmente este fenómeno a um problema localizado nos espaços urbanos. Nesse sentido, o grande espaço urbano é percepcionado como um elemento propiciador de práticas marginais, contribuindo desse modo para o aumento do sentimento de insegurança existente nas sociedades. Em função disso, amplia-se cada vez mais o discurso que apela a medidas de combate e prevenção do fenómeno criminal. Neste âmbito, e assumindo o Design um papel de crescente responsabilidade social, a prevenção situacional do crime no espaço urbano está intimamente ligada a este domínio do conhecimento. Neste trabalho, a partir do enquadramento do Design Against Crime , procurámos conhecer melhor a relação entre o crime, o espaço público e a prevenção situacional. Assim, esta dissertação inicia-se com uma parte teórica, na qual se aborda o crime, as teorias explicativas deste fenómeno, a prevenção situacional e o Design Against Crime. No plano empírico, desenvolvemos um estudo cujo objectivo principal consiste na análise do fenómeno criminal no contexto do espaço público urbano e das políticas de prevenção criminal, a partir das percepções do poder político local. Procurámos, desta forma, encontrar elementos que ilustrassem a prática do Design como forma de prevenção situacional do crime. Para esse efeito, entrevistámos dez responsáveis políticos de concelhos capitais de distrito de Portugal Continental. Em termos de resultados, verificámos que, apesar de a prevenção situacional ser uma abordagem considerada pelas autarquias, o Design Against Crime é totalmente inexistente como forma de redução das oportunidades para o crime. Por fim, reflectimos sobre as principais implicações dos resultados encontrados e traçámos algumas linhas orientadoras para futuras investigações. ABSTRACT: Throughout history crime has become part of developed societies. Today, when we talk about crime, this phenomenon is always associated to a problem centred on urban spaces. Crime reflects, over all, the vision of the city and the great urban space as a propitious/suitable element for criminal actions and thus contributing to the increase of the existing feeling of insecurity in society. Therefore, more and more appealing speeches appear so that authorities can fight and prevent this criminal trend from happening. Within this scope, and assuming that Design has an important role for demanding social responsibility, the prevention of crime starts to be intimately related to this field. Taking as basis the Design Against Crime , a relation among crime, public spaces and crime prevention is established. This study has been introduced by a theoretical part, in which crime, explicative theories of this phenomenon, crime prevention and the Design Against Crime are approached. From as empirical point of view, we have developed a study whose main objective consists of an analysis of the criminal phenomenon in urban public spaces and an appraisal of the politics for criminal prevention in different city areas, with regard to find arguments which support Design as a way of crime prevention. For this purpose ten responsible politicians of capital councils of district in continental Portugal have participated. After interviewing those ten participants, we verify that, although situational crime prevention is already carried out by local autarchies, the Design Against Crime is totally inexistent as a way to reduce criminal transgressions. Finally, we have reflected on the main implications of the results and traced some lines of orientation for future inquiries.
19
Darke, Sacha. "Crime and disorder." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2007. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/91x70/crime-and-disorder.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis investigates growing use of civil and public law orders as tools of crime control by crime prevention partnerships. This development has been little explored in criminology. The proliferation of crime prevention partnerships is viewed by many criminologists as forming part of a bifurcation in criminal policy between serious crime and anti-social behaviour, in which the 'enforcement approach' of the criminal justice system is being focused upon the former and a non-legal 'partnership approach' advanced for the control of the latter. It is argued that the 'partnership approach' runs a risk of becoming an extension of and not an alternative to the 'enforcement approach' of the criminal justice system. In investigating this risk, it is intended that this thesis should contribute to criminology in two ways. The first contribution is an investigation of the theoretical potential for the local to become a site of authoritarian crime control. The second is an investigation of the extent this potential is being realised in England and Wales. Empirical research centred on the development of crime prevention strategies in implementing the Crime and Disorder Act 1998. Fieldwork focused on the development of metropolitan borough s trategies in twenty-one London boroughs, and a police sector and two social housing estate strategies in the borough of Westminster. Resort to civil and publicilaw orders was found to be significant to the approach taken by the majority of London boroughs studied, including Westminster. One of the estate strategies at Westminster was found to be as authoritarian as the borough strategy, but the other estate strategy and the police sector strategy were not. Punitive views were not encountered among local practitioners on any of the three sites. Punitive views were encountered among local residents on the police sector, but not on either of the estates. Once the peculiarities of the institutions and areas studied were taken into account, it was concluded that there is a significant risk that crime prevention partnerships will take an authoritarian approach to crime control unless they are located in areas where there is a strong sense of geographical community, and their policies are shaped by local practitioners and local residents.
20
Wu, Xiaoyang. "The Portrayal of Crime in Chinese TV Crime Infotainment Programs." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175826.
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Condirston, Erin. "Traditional Crime vs. Corporate Crime: A Comparative Risk Discourse Analysis." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20315.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the knowledge that risk has become an omnipresent concept used to understand various social problems, this study aims to fill a perceived gap in literature by investigating the way in which risk discourse is applied to understand different categories of crime, namely traditional crime and corporate crime. It is hypothesized that risk logic
is heavily applied to the understanding of traditional crime, with minimal attribution to conversations surrounding corporate crime. The pervasiveness of risk as a technique or tactic of government renders the study of its application to different types of crime an important addition to the existing risk literature. Using the method of a comparative content analysis, the parallels and discrepancies between the ways in which risk is used to discuss traditional and corporate crime by Canadian federal criminal justice organizations are explored. The results indicate a lack of focus on risk logic with respect to corporate
crime, but demonstrate that risk discourse is perhaps not altogether absent from corporate crime discussions.
22
Wai, Hing-cheung William, and 衛慶祥. "Crime prevention: the role of the district Fight Crime Committees." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977959.
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Mathieu, Benoît. "De la commande CRONE scalaire à la commande CRONE multivariable." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10641.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Le theme des travaux qui fait l'objet de ce memoire de these s'inscrit dans le cadre des recherches de l'equipe crone en matiere de commande robuste a travers la commande crone (commande robuste d'ordre non entier). Ces travaux ont permis le passage de la commande crone scalaire a la commande crone multivariable. Apres la description du principe des deux premieres generations de la commande crone scalaire, une methode de synthese parametrique frequentielle utilisee pour la synthese du regulateur est developpee. La troisieme generation de la commande est raffinee conformement a deux niveaux de generalisation, puis etendue aux procedes instables et aux procedes resonants. L'extension aux procedes resonants a d'ailleurs ete concretisee par une implantation sur site. Une methode originale fondee sur le gabarit generalise permet la validation de contours d'isodepassement et a la construction puis la validation de contours d'isoamortissement. La commande crone est enfin etendue au domaine multivariable a partir du cas stable a minimum de phase jusqu'au cas instable a non-minimum de phase.
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Lynn, Brianna. "Policing Farm Crime: An Exploratory Study of Agricultural Crime Units." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3820.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study was to explore the practices, perceptions, and operations of agricultural crime units. To date, there has been little research conducted on policing agricultural crimes and no known research on units specializing in investigating them. The study utilizes data gathered from qualitative interviews with agricultural crime investigators across several states to fill this gap in the literature. The results allow for an examination of the fundamental practices of agricultural units, their perceptions and their experiences. In addition, they point to several implications for both policy and practice that may serve to guide our efforts to combat the problem.
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Wai, Hing-cheung William. "Crime prevention : the role of the district Fight Crime Committees /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14763886.
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Tamburrini, Claudio Marcello. "Crime and punishment?" Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/27020392.html.
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Papadopoulos, Maria. ""Crime Strikes Again..."." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Sociology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-42885.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The researcher’s interest regarding criminality has increased and there were many studies focusing on what may influence an individual to commit crime. There were even articles stating that family bonds have the strongest impact in influencing a child when it comes to developing future criminal behavior. In this qualitative study the stories are told by real individuals who have shared their experiences from childhood and adolescence to help identify the insecurities that made them commit a crime. Setting existing theories aside, the study showed that it was not the structural background that mostly impacted future criminal behavior but the individual background factors weighted the most. Individuals seemed to be more impacted by factors such as thrill seeking or bad economy. This study reflects the individual’s real stories and all included information is believed to be genuine.
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Lundqvist, Fredrik. "Unemployment and Crime." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36466.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study investigates the relationship between unemployment and crime by examining the large variation in unemployment in Sweden between 2007 and 2017. In this paper, I use a panel data set that consist of 3190 observations over 290 municipalities. The variation in unemployment serves as a proxy for macroeconomic events. The results suggest at best a weak effect from unemployment on violent crime and no effect from unemployment on property crime which goes against the established crime theory.
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Halbardier, Emilie. "Le crime sexuel." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111009.
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30
Dulieu, Héloïse. "Crime et littératures." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10057.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Le crime se retrouve dans toutes les formes de littératures, que ce soit le théâtre, le roman classique, le roman, l'essai philosophique, ou encore la littérature jeunesse, c'est un fait. Un dialogue s'opère entre ces deux entités. Il s'exprime au départ au travers du spectacle du châtiment public. La fin de la publicité de la sanction et le plébiscite des spectateurs précipitent l'avènement d'une première littérature du crime, didactiques, les littératures dites judiciaires, initiées par le pouvoir judiciaire lui-même. Au gré du temps, d'autres littératures, profanes, sensationnelles, relatent aussi l'actualité judiciaire. Les deux rhétoriques se mélangent et s'influencent. Comme le spectacle passé, les lectures criminelles sont un succès. L'avènement de la Presse de grande distribution assure l'omniprésence du crime dans le quotidien. L'émergence de la fiction littéraire offre une autre forme de dialogue, un échange, une identité de faits entre le roman et les sciences criminelles, criminologie et criminalistique par notamment. Ce dialogue est donc utile ; didactique lorsqu'il concerne les littératures judiciaires, plus social lorsqu'il s'intéresse à la personnalité du criminelle, précurseur quand il influence les techniques d'investigation. Ce dialogue produit des effets. Des effets positifs en ce qu'il est, encore une fois, utile ; il influence la loi, la renseigne sur l'état des mœurs. A l'inverse, les effets peuvent être plus critiquables. L'omniprésence incontestée du crime dans ces formes diverses de littératures est susceptible d'engendrer une banalisation de la violence, particulièrement à l'égard des mineurs, mais aussi engendrer un effet criminogène à l'égard des plus faibles. Ce sont tous ces aspects qui sont étudiés dans la présente étudeCrime meets in all the forms of literatures, whether it is the theater, the classic novel, the novel, the philosophical essay, or still the literature youth, it is a fact. A dialogue takes place between these two entities. It expresses hitself at first through the entertainment of the public capital punishment. The end of the publicity of the penalty and the plebiscite of the spectators precipitate the advent of a first literature of the crime, the didactics, the judicial said literatures, introduced by the very judiciary. According to time, the other literatures, profane, sensational, also tell the judicial current events. Both rhetorics mix and influence. As the past entertainment, the criminal readings are a success. The advent of the Press of mass-market retailing insures the omnipresence of the crime in the everyday life. The emergence of the literary fiction offers another shape of dialogue, an exchange, an identity of facts between the n ovel and the criminal sciences, and forensic by in particular. This dialogue is thus useful; didactics when it concerns the judicial literatures, more social when it is interested in the personality of criminal, precursor when it influences the scientific investigation. This dialogue produces effects. Positive effects in the fact that he it is useful, once again; it influences the law, informs it about the state of the customs. On the contrary, the effects can be more open to criticism. The incontested omnipresence of the crime in these diverse forms of literatures may engender an everyday acceptance of the violence, particularly towards the minors, but also engender a bad influence towards the weakest. It is all these aspects which are studied in the present study
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Cartwright, Robert Oliver. "Third crime unlucky." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015729.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This is a contemporary mystery novel set in the Eastern Cape. A town’s airstrip, situated between the golf club and the military base, acts as host to the local flying club and an active skydiving school. An amateur investigator uses unorthodox methods and the help of friends to find the cause of aeroplane fires and sabotage. His investigations lead him via geological research and insurance reports into contact with members of the aviation, property development and military fields.
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Dall'Agnol, Jury Antonio. "Vielas do crime." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/94989.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, Florianópolis, 2011Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T18:57:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 292130.pdf: 2559890 bytes, checksum: ab601e3aec54ac51d464de751fed1c03 (MD5)
Esta dissertação tem como proposta analisar duas obras literárias: Memórias de um rato de hotel (1912) de João do Rio e Os sete loucos e Os lança-chamas (1929/1931) de Roberto Arlt. O percurso da análise passa pelas reformas urbanas que ocorreram no Rio de Janeiro e em Buenos Aires, destacando como as vanguardas literárias usaram o cotidiano da cidade como tema para seus textos. Em seguida, o foco se volta para as obras em questão, onde através do cotejo entre notícias e imagens de jornais com as narrativas literárias dos autores é possível notar que mensagens distintas são efetivadas; nos periódicos, a imagem do criminoso desprezível e perigoso, incapaz de tomar parte na sociedade, e pela literatura, uma criminalidade romantizada que aponta o descaso das elites para com os marginalizados. Ao final, a análise prossegue buscando evidenciar como o trabalho jornalístico influenciou nas obras de João do Rio e Roberto Arlt, bem como o uso de imagens pictóricas e fotográficas foi importante para consolidar um sentido geral de uma nova sociedade baseada na ordem.
Esta disertación tiene como propuesta analice de dos obras literarias: Memorias de un ratón de hotel (1912) de João do Rio y Los siete locos y Los lanza-llamas (1929/1931) de Roberto Arlt. El recorrido del análisis pasa por las reformas urbanas que ocurrieron en el Rio de Janeiro y en Buenos Aires, destacando como las vanguardias literarias usan el cotidiano de la ciudad como tema para sus textos. Enseguida, el foco se vuelve para las obras en cuestión, donde a través del enfrentamiento entre noticias e imágenes de periódicos con las narrativas literarias de los autores es posible notar que mensajes distintos son realizadas; en los periódicos, la imagen del criminal bajo y peligroso, incapaz de tomar parte en la sociedad, y por la literatura, una criminalidad romantizada que apunta el desprecio de las élites para con las margénes. Al final, el análisis prosigue buscando poner de manifiesto como el trabajo periodístico influenció en las obras de João do Rio y Roberto Arlt, así como el uso de imágenes pictóricas y fotográficas fue importante para consolidar un sentido general de una nueva sociedad basada en la orden.
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Basso, Priscilla Mathes. "Crime e loucura." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2014. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/132409.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências Humanas, Florianópolis, 2014.Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-29T21:01:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 333010.pdf: 35893758 bytes, checksum: 1c10e00803addc667dd82279566e0985 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
A presente tese de doutoramento busca identificar e analisar as configurações recentes do saber médico no campo da psiquiatria forense, do ponto de vista do seu papel nos processos de medicalização do crime. Interessou examinar, em particular, as estratégias interpretativas atuais da medicina psiquiátrica sobre a questão da periculosidade criminal e suas relações com a doença mental. A proposta de pesquisa respondeu ao interesse em analisar um conjunto de transformações bastante recentes observadas no desenvolvimento de uma prática que por mais de um século se mantinha inalterada, qual seja, a emissão de laudos de cessação de periculosidade de indivíduos detidos em estabelecimentos de custódia e tratamento psiquiátrico para cumprimento de medida de segurança em virtude de sentenças judiciais. Através desse tipo de avaliação psiquiátrica é definida a permanência, ou não, da periculosidade como atributo do individuo, sendo que a atribuição de periculosidade criminal  isto é, a probabilidade de voltar a cometer delitos com algum grau de violência em um futuro qualquer  é peça-chave da renovação do confinamento sob medida de segurança por tempo indeterminado ou até a realização de uma nova perícia. Levantou-se a hipótese de que o saber médico psiquiátrico estaria experimentando algumas transformações do ponto de vista da racionalidade na qual se sustenta e de suas articulações com estratégias biopolíticas mais amplas de gestão do crime. Entre as principais transformações, destaca-se a emergência de instrumentos padronizados de avaliação psiquiátrica da periculosidade criminal e suas conexões com a  nova penologia baseada na gestão de riscos. A partir de uma perspectiva bastante foucaultiana, formulou-se uma estratégia metodológica que compreendeu a analise de material empírico obtido através de fontes documentais, material bibliográfico e entrevistas a informantes-chave. Desse ponto de vista, foram particularmente examinados as modalidades enunciativas e o campo semântico dos modelos etiológico-terapêuticos sobre as relações entre saúde mental e comportamento criminal na psiquiatria contemporânea. Em termos de resultados, destacam-se algumas observações sobre o perfil atual das estratégias de medicalização do crime, tais como: (i) caráter não linear e contraditório dos processos de medicalização do crime, os quais também compreendem processos de desmedicalização de alguns dos seus objetos; (ii) caráter estruturante do risco como dispositivo biopolítico a respeito da emergência de instrumentos padronizados para a avaliação da periculosidade criminal; (iii) predomínio de modelos etiológicos que privilegiam fatores individuais e familiares, em detrimento de fatores sociais e estruturais, na interpretação psiquiátrica do crime; (iv) natureza profundamente moral das categorias médicas utilizadas na imputação de periculosidade criminal e (v) a convivência atual entre, de uma parte, as formas tradicionais de avaliação da periculosidade criminal, baseadas na avaliação clínica como insumo para a emissão de laudos forenses e, de outra parte, as formas de avaliação que se apoiam na aplicação de testes e de outros instrumentos padronizados de predição de comportamento e periculosidade criminais.
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Rocha, Júlia Siqueira da. "Castigo e crime." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/167953.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Florianópolis, 2016Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T04:38:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016Bitstream added on 2016-10-04T04:03:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 339964.pdf: 1536418 bytes, checksum: 3f481ba0f7c87ff8d830539b46f5ce0c (MD5)
A presente pesquisa permitiu defender a tese de que as instituições voltadas à proteção de adolescentes como setores especializados da justiça e a escola mobilizam saberes limitados, obtusos e preconceituosos sobre os processos atuais da adolescência, promovendo violências diversas travestidas de justiça, pois aparentam proteger e formar, mas ao contrário disso, potencializam as condutas de risco dos adolescentes criminalizados. A metodologia desenvolvida está centrada no interacionismo simbólico e inspirada na etnografia, com a combinação de uma série de recursos, sendo eles: diário de campo; análise documental; observação participante; e entrevistas. Nesta perspectiva, dezesseis adolescentes criminalizados, em situação de semiliberdade, que vivem em uma Casa de Acolhimento contam suas trajetórias de vida e ênfase na escolarização. Suas vozes ouvidas muitas vezes em entrevistas formais, em acompanhamento aos afazeres de suas vidas cotidianas, e misturadas nos atendimentos profissionais das instituições escolares e de justiça, revelam suas condutas de risco como o esforço pessoal de encontrar sentido numa sociedade hostil; como ponto de fuga para as misérias de um mundo que inclui a pobreza material, e que ultrapassa em medidas cruéis. São eles que nos contam sobre as injustiças de nascer pobre, num país em que a corrupção graça e se materializa nas instituições públicas. São eles também que nos contam como se organiza o sistema punitivo, as torturas e mortes. Algumas vozes dos profissionais do sistema de justiça e do sistema educativo foram destacadas para melhor compreensão de como as instituições se organizam e movimentam uma pseudorrealidade, em que estar na escola não assegura aprendizagem e encontrar o sistema de justiça não promove a vida boa, mas ao contrário, atuam num projeto não explícito, mas concreto de punir o já punido, de ao castigado, impor o crime e a exclusão. A análise dessas trajetórias se deu à luz da sociologia, em especial da teoria das condutas de risco de adolescentes, produzida por David Le Breton.
Abstract : The current research allowed the defense of the thesis that the institutions aimed at juvenile protection as justice and school s expert sectors mobilize limited, obtuse and prejudiced knowledge about the current adolescent processes, promoting violence disguised as justice, for they appear to protect and form, but instead potentiate the risk behaviors of criminalized adolescents. The developed methodology is centered in the symbolic interactionism, and is inspired by ethnography combining a series of resources, such as: field diary; documental analysis; participative observation; and interviews. Under this perspective, sixteen criminalized adolescents in a semi-freedom situation, living in a foster home, tell their lives and scholar trajectories. Their voices are heard uncountable times in formal interviews, in monitoring the affairs of their daily lives, and mixed in the professional services of educational and justice institutions, revealing their risk conducts as their personal efforts for finding meaning in a hostile society; as an escaping route away from the miseries of a world that includes material poverty, and that surpasses in cruel measures. They are the ones who tell us about the injustices of being born in poor families, in a country in which corruption materializes itself in public institutions. They are also the ones who tell us how the punitive system is organized, including tortures and deaths. Some voices of professionals of the educational and justice systems were highlighter for a better comprehension of how the institutions are organized and how they drive a pseudo-reality in which being at school does not guarantee learning, and in which finding the justice system does not promote a good life on the contrary, they act in a non-explicit project, but a project nonetheless concrete for punishing those already punished, for imposing crime and exclusion to the beaten ones. The analysis of these trajectories happened in the light of sociology, especially arising from the theory of adolescent s risk conducts produced by David Le Breton.
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Fish, Jacqueline T., Larry S. Miller, Michael C. Braswell, and Edward W. Jr Wallace. "Crime Scene Investigation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. http://amzn.com/1455775401.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Crime Scene Investigation offers an innovative approach to learning about crime scene investigation, taking the reader from the first response on the crime scene to documenting crime scene evidence and preparing evidence for courtroom presentation. It includes topics not normally covered in other texts, such as forensic anthropology and pathology, arson and explosives, and the electronic crime scene. Numerous photographs and illustrations complement text material, and a chapter-by-chapter fictional narrative also provides the reader with a qualitative dimension of the crime scene experience.https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1085/thumbnail.jpg
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Cunat, Sophie. "Le crime d'empoisonnement." Nancy 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN20002.
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Kahn, Karl. "Crime and equality, or crime and punishment? : population heterogeneity and fear of crime as determinants of redistribution preferences." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0cc102b1-c86d-4323-bfb0-3753c33baa33.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite considerable research efforts, the relationship between inequality and demand for redistribution remains a highly contested topic within comparative political economy. This paper argues that a central yet widely overlooked mechanism linking macro-level income inequality to preferences for redistribution has to with the micro-level implications of certain externalities of inequality. Focusing on fear of crime, as one such externality, I argue that because (i) in- equality and crime are positively related, and (ii) because crime and fear of crime have a negative effect in individual utility, it follows that increasing in- equality should have a positive effect on support for redistribution. Importantly, however, the argument of this paper also recognises that redistribution is but one of several means through which a concern about crime can be addressed, with the most relevant alternatives being increased policing and harsher punitive measures. Drawing on literatures in criminology and political sociology, I theorise that a key determinant of this choice | between redistribution and policing/punishment as alternative approaches to dealing with crime | is the level of ethnic heterogeneity in the population. Taken together, therefore, this paper's argument implies that inequality will have differential effects on support for redistribution in different contexts: in cases where the population is homogenous, fear of crime - and by consequence inequality - will boost demand for redistribution, whilst no such effects will follow in contexts of high heterogeneity. Using a two-step statistical methodology, I analyse Eurobarometer and ESS data from 21 OECD countries and find persuasive empirical support for my theoretical expectations. Fear of crime is more strongly associated to support for redistribution when the level of population heterogeneity remains low, whilst the opposite holds true for the relationship between fear of crime and support for policing and punishment.
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Polat, Esra. "Spatio-temporal Crime Prediction Model Based On Analysis Of Crime Clusters." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608881/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Crime is a behavior disorder that is an integrated result of social, economical and environmental factors. In the world today crime analysis is gaining significance and one of the most popular subject is crime prediction. Stakeholders of crime intend to forecast the place, time, number of crimes and crime types to get precautions. With respect to these intentions, in this thesis a spatio-temporal crime prediction model is generated by using time series forecasting with simple spatial disaggregation approach in Geographical Information Systems (GIS).
The model is generated by utilizing crime data for the year 2003 in Bahçelievler and Merkez Ç
ankaya police precincts. Methodology starts with obtaining clusters with different clustering algorithms. Then clustering methods are compared in terms of land-use and representation to select the most appropriate clustering algorithms. Later crime data is divided into daily apoch, to observe spatio-temporal distribution of crime. In order to predict crime in time dimension a time series model (ARIMA) is fitted for each week day, Then the forecasted crime occurrences in time are disagregated according to spatial crime cluster patterns. Hence the model proposed in this thesis can give crime prediction in both space and time to help police departments in tactical and planning operations.
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Zhong, Yueying, and 鍾月英. "Communities, crime and social capital: crime prevention in two Shenzhen communites." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245110.
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O'Malley, Craig. "Crime and consensus : elite perceptions of crime in Sheffield, 1919-1929." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14750/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This is a study of prevailing perceptions of crime during the 1920s. By focussing on the enunciations of the Sheffield elite some of the key factors shaping dominant attitudes to crime throughout Britain during this period are identified. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of a historically specific approach. A detailed analysis of contemporary newspaper coverage and other literary sources reveals such perceptions to be shaped by the complex interplay of broad social currents and more immediate concerns. It is argued that in the decade following the Great War crime formed a relatively minor topic of debate. There also prevailed a low-key response to offending and a markedly progressive view about crime. This optimistic conception of crime owed much to the apparent rehabilitative capacity of the offender and the perceived successes in reducing illegality through positive measures of state welfare. Yet, emphasis upon the specificities of the period reveals the primacy of contemporary political urgencies in shaping attitudes to crime. Though crime was an infrequent focus of discussion the discourse of progressive criminal reform offered one of the few areas of consensus in a society characterised by conflict. Elite enunciations about crime were intimately related to their mission of forging social consensus. Key individuals in the city repeatedly played down the extent of crime and praised the law-abiding character of ordinary people. Here is rejected the conviction that crime panics are an inevitable concomitant of economic and social crisis. Despite the profound anxiety that gripped the middle classes during this turbulent period, there prevailed amongst the Sheffield elite a markedly relaxed view of crime and criminals. Criminal and penal policy offered an exemplary model for broader welfare intervention and constructive political engagement between contending classes.
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Moller, Valerie. "Living with crime: Does crime affect victims' perceived quality of life?" Institute for Security Studies (ISS), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Crime is thought to be a major concern that shapes the everyday lives of South Africans. But what impact does living with high levels of crime have on the mindset of ordinary citizens? A recent household crime victimisation study conducted in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality provides tentative answers to this question.
42
Sundberg, Jacob. "Linking crime through modus operandi. On linking Series of Crime into Single Offenders through Sructured Collection of Crime Scene Information." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25526.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The current paper is aimed at providing an overview of the current state of research regarding the potential of linking series of crimes to single offenders through repeated modus operandi behaviors. A systematic literature review was conducted to document findings from previous evaluation research as to the predictive accuracy of crime linkage specific to residential burglary. The findings indicate that predictions of linked burglaries can be made with moderate to high predictive accuracy. In order to get an understanding of the extent to which residential burglary offenders repeat their crime scene behaviors, the findings are discussed in relation to the criminological theories Routine activities theory and the Rational Choice perspective. Future research is suggested.
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Benge, G. Jack. "Partners in crime federal crime control policy and the states, 1894-1938 /." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1162821110.
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44
Souza, Klester dos Santos. "Estudo eletroquímico de ligas à base de cobalto-cromo e níquel-cromo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-13102011-095002/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ligas metálicas não nobres são amplamente utilizadas em odontologia desde a segunda metade do século XX. Várias ligas metálicas para utilização em próteses sobre o implante dentário têm sido propostas nos últimos anos, visando uma melhor interação metal-cerâmica e maior resistência eletroquímica ao ambiente bucal. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar e comparar o comportamento eletroquímico in vitro de ligas à base de cobalto-cromo e níquel-cromo, utilizadas em supra estruturas de implantes dentários. Estas ligas foram estudadas em meios de solução aquosa de NaCl 0,15 mol L-1, saliva artificial e NaCl 0,15 mol L-1 com adição de caseína, fluoreto de sódio ou ácido acético, a partir de técnicas eletroquímicas e não eletroquímicas. Como técnicas eletroquímicas foram empregadas: medidas de potencial de circuito aberto, curvas de polarização anódica, cronoamperometria, voltametria cíclica e espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica. As técnicas não eletroquímicas utilizadas foram: espectroscopia de absorção atômica com atomização eletrotérmica (EAA-FG), espectroscopia de fotoelétrons excitados por raios-X (XPS), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS). Foram realizados testes de citotoxicidade utilizando a metodologia de incorporação do vermelho neutro. Uma boa correlação foi estabelecida entre os resultados obtidos pelas diferentes técnicas. Em solução de NaCl e saliva artificial as ligas apresentaram a seguinte ordem de resistência à oxidação: CoCrW < NiCrMo < CoCrMo. O filme formado em meio de saliva artificial se mostrou mais protetor do que o formado em meio de NaCl para todas as ligas, indicando que componentes presentes na saliva ao se adsorverem na superfície conferem uma maior proteção à mesma. As análises por XPS confirmaram a existência de um filme rico em Cr(III) com pequena concentração de cobalto e de níquel no filme passivo. As análises por EAA-FG a potenciais mais positivos mostraram que nesta região há oxidação generalizada, com a total dissolução do filme passivo e formação de Cr(VI), Ni(IV) e Co(II). As análises por MEV-EDS, para a superfície das ligas CoCrW e NiCrMo, apresentaram uma superfície quase homogênea e composições semelhantes antes e após 8h de imersão em meio de NaCl e em saliva artificial. A caseína atuou inibindo os processos de oxidação sobre a liga CoCrW e NiCrMo e sua atuação se tornou mais intensa com o aumento do potencial. A liga NiCrMo apresentou maior resistência à corrosão em meio de caseína quando comparada com a liga CoCrW. Os íons fluoreto atuam melhorando as características passivantes do filme, mas este efeito decresce com o aumento do potencial; a presença de ácido acético causa um aumento do efeito passivante do filme, à medida que cresce o potencial. As ligas CoCrW e NiCrMo não apresentaram efeito citotóxico, de acordo com a metodologia utilizada.No noble metallic alloys are largely employed in odontology since the second part of the XX centrury. Different alloys have been proposed in order to be used in prosthesis on dental implants at last years, with the objective to obtain electrochemical resistance to oral environment. The aim of this work is to evaluate and to compare the electrochemical behavior \"in vitro\" of Co-Cr and Ni-Cr based alloys, used on dental implants structures. These alloys were studied in 0.15 mol L-1 NaCl aqueous in the absence and presence of casein, artificial saliva, sodium fluoride and acetic acid, using electrochemical and non-electrochemical techniques. Open circuit potencial measurements, anodic polarization curves, cronoamperometry, cyclic voltametry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used as electrochemical techniques. Atomic absorption spectroscopy with graphite furnace (EAA-GF), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scaning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used as non electrochemical techniques. Cytotoxicity tests using the neutral red incorporation methodology were performed. A good correlation between the different techniques it was obtained. The alloys presented the following corrosion resistance order: CoCrW < NiCrMo < CoCrMo. The film formed in artificial saliva has been showed a better protective action than the observed in NaCl medium for the three studied materials as an indicative of the adsorption of substances present on saliva and the consequent inhibitive effect. XPS analysis have confirmed the presence of a Cr2O3 film with low Co(II) and Ni(II) concentrations. EAA-GF analysis at more positive potentials have shown the presence of generalized oxidation with total dissolution of the passive film resulting in Cr(VI), Ni(IV) and Co(II) ions as soluble products. MEV and EDS analysis have shown a quasi homogeneous and similar surface before and after 8h immersion in NaCl and artificial saliva. Casein has acted as inhibitor for oxidation process of CoCrW and NiCrMo in NaCl medium and its effects increases as the potential becomes more positive. The alloy NiCrMo presented a higher corrosion resistance in NaCl solution containing casein when compared to the CoCrW alloy. Ions fluoride has promoted a better performance of the film at Ecorr but its effects decreases at more positive potentials.The presence of acetic acid increases the passivating effect as potencial becomes more positive. Cytotoxicity was not observed for the alloys studied, using the described methodology
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Benge, Guy Jack Jr. "Partners in Crime: Federal Crime Control Policy and the States, 1894 – 1938." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1162821110.
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Nilsson, Linn. "The portrayal of Crime : Printed news media's representation of crime in Malmö." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för kriminologi (KR), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-45495.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In today's modern society we are highly exposed to different media in our everyday life, and individuals may spend a large part of their time taking part in media debates, news and other information shared on different media channels. Through this, news media have become an influential factor for how individuals in today's society perceive and construct reality, and consequently the public's perception of crime. This critical analysis strives to elucidate how crime in Malmö is presented in Swedish newspapers. This report is centered on which discourses emerge throughout the chosen empirical material, how different crime types are presented and how victims and perpetrators are constructed in this material. By studying how Malmö is presented through a commonly used news media source, it is possible to uncover how collective understandings of crime are created and affirmed, which is essential in order to be able to influence this established (but arguably somewhat radical) image. Newspapers' presentation of Malmö differs from the description of other major cities in Sweden, and Malmö is often illustrated as a dangerous or unsafe city with high crime rates. The perception of crime in Malmö given through the official statistics are overshadowed by news media's accentuation of violent and lethal crime. A skewed division of crime reporting, may therefore be an important factor for the public's perception of crime in Malmö. Crimes are depicted as an effect of larger societal problems and an integral part of everyday life. Few articles dispute the established image of Malmö as dangerous, and the few who do only briefly highlight this to an extremely limited extent, resulting in the preservation and reproduction of the majority's presentation of Malmö as a dangerous or unsecure city.
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Zugschwerdt, Marc. "'Designing out Crime' – A Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Crime in Umeå." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137192.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The creation of sustainable and safe environments nowadays moves more and more into focus for urban planners and architects. Cities should be designed in a way to contribute to social cohesion, shaping an inclusive environment and focusing on the wellbeing of its citizens. Nevertheless, these processes can be undermined by public crime and the fear of crime, which is not only affecting aspects of personal safety but also affecting the people’s behaviour. Reasons why criminality occurs are manifold, impacted by a dynamic set of socioeconomic, demographic, personal but also environmental aspects. In recent years especially the impact of factors related to urban and environmental design respectively planning received rising attention in the field of crime prevention. However, the implementation of strategies regarding ‘crime prevention through environmental design’ or ‘designing out crime’ is still in its early stage in Sweden. This study aims to investigate spatial and temporal patterns of public crime for the case of Umeå in order to identify potential risk areas, which could receive particular attention regarding crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). In this sense a GIS based spatial analysis had the aim to detect statistically significant hotspots of crime and furthermore to assess the development of these hotspots over time. In order to understand the nature of public crime and criminal behaviour in Umeå in a more holistic way, also temporal aspects regarding the occurrence of crime were analysed. One particularly vulnerable neighbourhood was examined with a qualitative field observation regarding the principles of crime prevention through environmental design in order to assess in which way the built environment is designed and suited to prevent and deter criminality. Umeå displays rather clear patterns of higher crime activity, assigned to seasonal, weakly and daily periods, which are connected to higher activity in the public space. Also from a spatial perspective certain patterns are detectable with a higher vulnerability for crime at spots which generate higher activity such as shopping areas or neighbourhoods with nightlife and transport hub functions, and in general neighbourhoods with a higher building density. The neighbourhood of Ålidhem displayed thereby a high concentration of criminality, marked as a constant or even intensifying hotspot for the entire period of investigation. The results of the field observation regarding principles of CPTED are especially indicating a lack of maintenance and furthermore the street and building layout is contributing to disorientation. On the other hand, the area is in most cases well equipped for natural surveillance and provides a high amount of locations for leisure and recreation in order strengthen social cohesion.
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Quist, Theron Macay 1960. "Homelessness, crime, and the police: Crime and order maintenance on the street." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282097.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The intent of this dissertation is to examine crime among the homeless, focusing on social context. Most research on homelessness and crime focuses on differences between rates of crime among the homeless and the domiciled. Researchers pay less attention to aspects of homeless life increasing probabilities of crime commission or police contact. The first issue examined was whether need is the primary motivator for crimes of the homeless. Given that most homeless people lack resources and yet only a minority commit crime, the key question became, "Why do some commit crime while others do not?" Information regarding a wide range of "survival" behaviors was collected by administering structured interviews to 399 homeless people in Philadelphia, Detroit, and Tucson. With these data, the relations among a variety of aspects of homeless life were examined. While alternative survival behaviors were predicted by barriers to regular work, crime was not predicted, casting serious doubt on need as the major motivator for crime in this population. This finding raised the second issue of the dissertation, "Do accepted theories of crime predict homeless crime?". Two of the theories examined (social learning and self-control theory) predicted crime in this population. Several factors are significant across the range of crimes discussed: cocaine and alcohol use, work history, staying in shelters, deviant acquaintances, non-conventional beliefs, and drug (or alcohol) abuse in the family. The third issue is the way in which the routine activities of the homeless interact with policing practices. The most significant change in patterns of homelessness is the decrease in accommodations for the extremely poor, and the related decline of space available to the homeless. The major consequence of this change is that the homeless are dislodged from areas traditionally available for use. This, combined with increases in the homeless population, compels the homeless to spend more time in prime space, or space valued by the community. This is significant, because as the numbers of homeless in prime space increases, their daily routines are more likely to bring them into contact with the police.
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Zuber, Franziska. "Essays on Economic Crime." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02603009002/$FILE/02603009002.pdf.
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D'Este, Rocco. "Black markets and crime." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/80052/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since Becker’s seminal work (1968), economists have investigated the determinants of crime using of a cost-benefit analysis. But, while extensive research has focused on incentives related to sanctions, deterrence and legal labor market opportunities, the effects of Black Markets (i.e. markets in which goods and services are illegally traded) on crime have been generally overlooked. Two main obstacles have hindered such an analysis. First, black markets are by definition clandestine. Hence, these are very hard to measure. Secondly, these markets are not randomly assigned to geographic locations, but rather endogenously located, following existing economic trends or cross-sectional area characteristics. This PhD thesis aims to partially fill this gap. I investigate the effects on criminal activity of 1) markets for stolen goods and 2) markets for illegal drugs.