Готові списки джерел за темами / Cricket device

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cricket device"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cricket device"

Stauch, Kiri Li N., Riley J. Wincheski, Jonathan Albers, Timothy E. Black, Michael S. Reichert, and Charles I. Abramson. "Limited evidence for learning in a shuttle box paradigm in crickets (Acheta domesticus)." Journal of Orthoptera Research 30, no. 2 (November 29, 2021): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.65172.

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Aversive learning has been studied in a variety of species, such as honey bees, mice, and non-human primates. Since aversive learning has been found in some invertebrates and mammals, it will be interesting to know if this ability is shared with crickets. This paper provides data on aversive learning in male and female house crickets (Acheta domesticus) using a shuttle box apparatus. Crickets are an ideal subject for these experiments due to their well-documented learning abilities in other contexts and their readily quantifiable behaviors. The shuttle box involves a two-compartment shock grid in which a ‘master’ cricket can learn to avoid the shock by moving to specific designated locations, while a paired yoked cricket is shocked regardless of its location and therefore cannot learn. Baseline control crickets were placed in the same device as the experimental crickets but did not receive a shock. Male and female master crickets demonstrated some aversive learning, as indicated by spending more time than expected by chance in the correct (no shock) location during some parts of the experiment, although there was high variability in performance. These results suggest that there is limited evidence that the house crickets in this experiment learned how to avoid the shock. Further research with additional stimuli and other cricket species should be conducted to determine if house crickets and other species of crickets exhibit aversive learning.

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Sandhu, Jaspal Singh, Shweta Shenoy, and Shadagopan Parthasarathy. "Quantitative Ultrasound Densitometry in University Level Cricket Fast Bowlers and Nonathletes." Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 47, no. 2 (2013): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1061.

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ABSTRACT Background Fast bowling in cricket is an important skill that imparts mechanical loads on limbs. The differential loading patterns involved in bowling affect the peripheral limb bone status. Objective To evaluate bone properties using quantitative ultrasound densitometry (QUS), among fast cricket bowlers in comparison with nonathletes. A secondary objective was designed to find correlation between QUS parameters and bonespecific physical activity questionnaire (BPAQ). Methodology A total of 80 subject, 40 fast cricket bowlers of both gender (20 male and 20 female) and 40 nonathletes (20 male and 20 female) were included in our study and all are aged between 20 and 25 years. Bone speed of sound (SOS) was measured bilaterally at the distal radius and the mid tibia using Sunlight OmnisenseTM device. Results There was a significant difference between dominant side and nondominant side radial SOS (p < 0.05) and tibial SOS (p < 0.05) in cricket bowlers favoring dominant radial bone SOS and nondominant tibial bone SOS which was not found in nonathletes. Significant difference in dominant radial bone SOS values (p < 0.05) and nondominant tibial bone SOS (p < 0.05) values existed between cricket bowlers and controls. Positive correlation was found between tibial SOS and past BPAQ in all subjects. Conclusion QUS parameters were significantly higher in young cricket bowlers with greater values observed in the dominant arm and leading foot, thus reflecting the osteogenic effect that occurs due to the nature of the game. Further BPAQ is significantly correlated with lower limb bone properties as measured by QUS at mid shaft tibia. How to cite this article Shenoy S, Parthasarathy S, Sandhu JS. Quantitative Ultrasound Densitometry in University Level Cricket Fast Bowlers and Nonathletes. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(2):83-89.

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McNamara, Dean J., Tim J. Gabbett, Paul Chapman, Geraldine Naughton, and Patrick Farhart. "The Validity of Microsensors to Automatically Detect Bowling Events and Counts in Cricket Fast Bowlers." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 10, no. 1 (January 2015): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0062.

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Purpose:Bowling workload is linked to injury risk in cricket fast bowlers. This study investigated the validity of microtechnology in the automated detection of bowling counts and events, including run-up distance and velocity, in cricket fast bowlers.Method:Twelve highly skilled fast bowlers (mean ± SD age 23.5 ± 3.7 y) performed a series of bowling, throwing, and fielding activities in an outdoor environment during training and competition while wearing a microtechnology unit (MinimaxX). Sensitivity and specificity of a bowling-detection algorithm were determined by comparing the outputs from the device with manually recorded bowling counts. Run-up distance and run-up velocity were measured and compared with microtechnology outputs.Results:No significant differences were observed between direct measures of bowling and nonbowling events and true positive and true negative events recorded by the MinimaxX unit (P = .34, r = .99). The bowling-detection algorithm was shown to be sensitive in both training (99.0%) and competition (99.5%). Specificity was 98.1% during training and 74.0% during competition. Run-up distance was accurately recorded by the unit, with a percentage bias of 0.8% (r = .90). The final 10-m (–8.9%, r = .88) and 5-m (–7.3%, r = .90) run-up velocities were less accurate.Conclusions:The bowling-detection algorithm from the MinimaxX device is sensitive to detect bowling counts in both cricket training and competition. Although specificity is high during training, the number of false positive events increased during competition. Additional bowling workload measures require further development.

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Chalker, Wade J., Anthony J. Shield, David A. Opar, and Justin W. L. Keogh. "Comparisons of eccentric knee flexor strength and asymmetries across elite, sub-elite and school level cricket players." PeerJ 4 (February 18, 2016): e1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1594.

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Background.There has been a continual increase in injury rates in cricket, with hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) being the most prominent. Eccentric knee flexor weakness and bilateral asymmetries are major modifiable risk factors for future HSIs. However, there is a lack of data relating to eccentric hamstring strength in cricket at any skill level. The objective of this study was to compare eccentric knee flexor strength and bilateral asymmetries in elite, sub-elite and school level cricket players; and to determine if playing position and limb role influenced these eccentric knee flexor strength indices.Methods.Seventy four male cricket players of three distinct skill levels performed three repetitions of the Nordic hamstring exercise on the experimental device. Strength was assessed as the absolute and relative mean peak force output for both limbs, with bilateral asymmetries. Differences in mean peak force outputs between skill level and playing positions were measured.Results.There were no significant differences between elite, sub-elite and school level athletes for mean peak force and bilateral asymmetries of the knee flexors. There were no significant differences observed between bowler’s and batter’s mean peak force and bilateral asymmetries. There were no significant differences between front and back limb mean peak force outputs.Discussion.Skill level, playing position and limb role appeared to have no significant effect on eccentric knee flexor strength and bilateral asymmetries. Future research should seek to determine whether eccentric knee flexor strength thresholds are predictive of HSIs in cricket and if specific eccentric knee flexor strengthening can reduce these injuries.

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SUGIMOTO, Yasuhiro, Keisuke NANIWA, Hitoshi AONUMA, and Koichi OSUKA. "Development of invasive device that can intervene in aggressive behavior of cricket." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2017 (2017): 1A1—E10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2017.1a1-e10.

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Huu Chanh, Nguyen. "Simile As An Effective Literary Device in the Vietnamese-English Translation Equivalent." REiLA : Journal of Research and Innovation in Language 3, no. 2 (August 19, 2021): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/reila.v3i2.6829.

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Many Vietnamese writers have recognised the utility of literary devices to beautify the artistic features in written texts. Like other rhetorical devices, simile plays an essential role in bringing meaningful values close to the readers. The research aims at identifying the usage of simile in the translation equivalents between Vietnamese and English in De men phieu luu ky and its translated version Diary of a cricket. From analysing 108 sentences by the descriptive qualitative research, the findings showed that (1) The high frequency of using the complete form of simile to express the figure of speech. (2) The imbalance in the translation rate between two languages and the most popular simile word of like usage in English translated text. (3) The variables of comparative words and themes used in the target text show the same meaning in the source text. Those conclusions shed light on the quality improvement on the target text, especially in both translator's training and further translation education.

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Sakaluk, Scott, Patricia Bangert, Lars Swanson, and Anne-Katrin Eggert. "Opportunistic Courtship Feeding in Sagebrush Crickets." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 16 (January 1, 1992): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1992.3095.

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The sagebrush cricket, Cyphoderris strepitans is one of only five extant species belonging to an ancient insect lineage, the Haglidae, believed to be ancestral to modern-day crickets and katydids (Orthoptera: Ensifera) (Morris and Gwynne 1978, Vickery 1989). C. strepitans occurs exclusively in mountainous areas of Wyoming and Colorado, where it is found primarily in high-altitude sagebrush meadow habitat. Adults become sexually active in May, shortly after snow melt, and remain active for the next 4-6 weeks. Pair formation is mediated through acoustic signaling by males, which functions to attract sexually receptive females (Snedden and Sakaluk 1992). Copulation is initiated when a receptive female climbs onto the dorsum of a male, at which time he attempts to transfer a spermatophore. During copulation, the female feeds on the male's fleshy hindwings and bodily fluids leaking from the wounds she inflicts, behavior which constitutes a form of courtship feeding (Dodson et al. 1983, Sakaluk et al. 1987, Morris et al. 1989, Sakaluk and Snedden 1990). At the same time, the female is secured by the male's abdominal pinching organ, a device known as a "gin trap" (Morris 1979). The gin trap of a male C. strepitans consists of two pairs of recurved spines, one pair directed anteriorally and the other posteriorally, located on the 10th and 8th tergites, respectively. The spines are brought together, pinching the female's abdomen, as the male's tergites are telescoped inward during his attempts to secure genitalic contact (Morris 1979). Although the gin trap clearly serves a reproductive role, its precise functional significance remains unknown; comparable reproductive structures are not known from any other family of the Orthoptera.

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Yoga Putra, Qurnia Dwi, and Puji Winar Cahyo. "Internet of Things pada Dashboard Informasi Kandang Jangkrik." Indonesian Journal of Applied Informatics 5, no. 1 (April 18, 2021): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/ijai.v5i1.44488.

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Abstrak :Kondisi lingkungan sering berubah-ubah membuat kondisi hewan ternak menjadi kurang produktif, terutama pada hewan ternak jangkrik. Selain dipengaruhi kondisi lingkungan yang berubah-ubah dan tidak menentu, penurunan hasil ternak jangkrik dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan kelembaban. Suhu yang ideal untuk ternak jangkrik ini berada pada kisaran 20°C-32°C. Sedangkan untuk kelembaban kandang berada pada kisaran 65%-80%. Untuk itu perlu alat untuk mengukur suhu dan kelembaban kandang jangkrik yang dapat mengawasi keadaan serta mengetahui kondisi kandang jangkrik itu sendiri sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas produksi jangkrik.Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut dibuat sistem monitoring ternak jangkrik. Dimana sistem ini dapat melakukan penyiraman secara otomatis jika suhu kandang jangkrik terlalu panas dan kandang terlalu lembab.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dashboard informasi kondisi kandang jangkrik dengan sensor suhu dan kelembaban. Sistem ini pada menggunakan sensor suhu, kelembaban dan perangkat water pump yang didirakit pada mikrokontroler NodeMCU. Sedangkan Informasi ditampilkan secara dashboard monitoring dengan menggunakan framework Codeigniter._____________________________Abstract :Environmental conditions often change, making conditions for livestock to be less productive, especially for crickets. Apart from being influenced by changing and erratic environmental conditions, the decline in cricket production is influenced by temperature and humidity. The ideal temperature for crickets is in the range of 20 ° C-32 ° C. Meanwhile, the humidity of the cage is in the range of 65% -80%. For that, we need a tool to measure the cricket cage's temperature and humidity that can monitor the situation and know the condition of the cricket cage itself so that it can improve the quality of cricket production.Based on these problems, a monitoring system for crickets was created. This system can do watering automatically if the cricket cage's temperature is too hot and the cage is too humid.This research made a dashboard of information on the crickets cage's condition with temperature and humidity sensors. This system uses temperature, humidity sensors, and water pump devices, which are assembled on the NodeMCU microcontroller. Meanwhile, information is displayed in a monitoring dashboard using a Codeigniter framework.

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Chalker, Wade J., Anthony J. Shield, David A. Opar, Evelyne N. Rathbone, and Justin W. L. Keogh. "Effect of acute augmented feedback on between limb asymmetries and eccentric knee flexor strength during the Nordic hamstring exercise." PeerJ 6 (June 7, 2018): e4972. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4972.

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BackgroundHamstring strain injuries (HSI) are one of the most prevalent and serious injuries affecting athletes, particularly those in team ball sports or track and field. Recent evidence demonstrates that eccentric knee flexor weakness and between limb asymmetries are possible risk factors for HSIs. While eccentric hamstring resistance training, e.g. the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) significantly increases eccentric hamstring strength and reduces HSI risk, little research has examined whether between limb asymmetries can be reduced with training. As augmented feedback (AF) can produce significant acute and chronic increases in muscular strength and reduce injury risk, one way to address the limitation in the eccentric hamstring training literature may be to provide athletes real-time visual AF of their NHE force outputs with the goal to minimise the between limb asymmetry.MethodsUsing a cross over study design, 44 injury free, male cricket players from two skill levels performed two NHE sessions on a testing device. The two NHE sessions were identical with the exception of AF, with the two groups randomised to perform the sessions with and without visual feedback of each limb’s force production in real-time. When performing the NHE with visual AF, the participants were provided with the following instructions to ‘reduce limb asymmetries as much as possible using the real-time visual force outputs displayed in front them’. Between limb asymmetries and mean peak force outputs were compared between the two feedback conditions (FB1 and FB2) using independentt-tests to ensure there was no carryover effect, and to determine any period and treatment effects. The magnitude of the differences in the force outputs were also examined using Cohendeffect size.ResultsThere was a significant increase in mean peak force production when feedback was provided (mean difference, 21.7 N; 95% CI [0.2–42.3 N];P= 0.048;d= 0.61) and no significant difference in between limb asymmetry for feedback or no feedback (mean difference, 5.7%; 95% CI [−2.8% to 14.3%];P= 0.184;d= 0.41). Increases in force production under feedback were a result of increased weak limb (mean difference, 15.0 N; 95% CI [1.6–28.5 N];P= 0.029;d= 0.22) force contribution compared to the strong limb.DiscussionThe results of this study further support the potential utility of AF in improving force production and reducing risk in athletic populations. While there are currently some financial limitations to the application of this training approach, even in high-performance sport, such an approach may improve outcomes for HSI prevention programs. Further research with more homogenous populations over greater periods of time that assess the chronic effect of such training practices on injury risk factors and injury rates are also recommended.

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McNamara, Dean J., Tim J. Gabbett, Peter Blanch, and Luke Kelly. "The Relationship Between Variables in Wearable Microtechnology Devices and Cricket Fast-Bowling Intensity." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 2 (February 2018): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0540.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Cricket device"

Colobong, Genee Lyn O. (Genee Lyn Ollero) 1976. "Sound devices for the Cricket Bus System." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80529.

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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-79).
by Genee Lyn O. Colobong.
S.B.and M.Eng.

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Книги з теми "Cricket device"

Challenging science and literacy activities for K-9 students: The cricket chronicles : my cricket chronicles learning log. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Education, 2006.

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Unity beyond the cricket field: National anthems, flags and mottos of Caribbean nations. Ottawa: Light of Hope Publications, 2007.

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Matthews, Catherine. Challenging science and literacy activities for K-9 students: The cricket chronicles. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Education, 2006.

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Частини книг з теми "Cricket device"

West, A., L. Justham, and A. Cork. "Engineering a Device which Imparts Spin onto a Cricket Ball." In The Impact of Technology on Sport II. Taylor & Francis, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439828427.ch48.

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Satz, Helmut. "The Audible Silence." In The Rules of the Flock, 56–59. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853398.003.0009.

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Specific American crickets (snowy tree cricket) synchronize their chirps with the others in the swarm, with great precision. The chirp frequency is moreover a measure of the temperature of the environment, allowing a temperature measurement through chirp counting. Again the synchronization becomes possible only through intrinsic timing devices for each animal.

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Meurig Thomas, John. "Contributions of Cambridge College Life to Structural Biology: Peterhouse as an Exemplar." In Architects of Structural Biology, 223–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854500.003.0009.

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How does university life add depth and quality and also opportunity to professional research? This is the key question discussed in this chapter. In answering it, the pre-eminent work of Aaron Klug and his cross-fertilizing interactions with his colleagues in the Cambridge College Peterhouse are analysed. Klug, who won the Chemistry Nobel Prize outright, made many revolutionary discoveries in structural molecular biology, especially the determination of the structure of viruses. He also devised new techniques in electron microscopy that are now of great importance in present-day research in molecular biology. Klug’s indebtedness to colleagues of Peterhouse, including Kendrew and Perutz, and his early mentor at the Cavendish Laboratory Lawrence Bragg, as well as a brief account of the current research pursued by members of Peterhouse and the famous confrontation in 1952 between Erwin Chargaff and Crick and Watson are also described.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cricket device"

Dissanayake, Kavishka V., Sahan I. Wijethunga, and Ramitha K. Dissanayake. "An External Device to Automate Cricket Bowling Machine." In 2022 International Research Conference on Smart Computing and Systems Engineering (SCSE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scse56529.2022.9905205.

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Sarwar, Umair, Kamran Cheema, and Tahira Reid. "ContaBat: Designing and Prototyping an Attachable Sports Analytics Device That Provides Ball-Bat Impact Location for Performance Enhancement." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98517.

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Abstract This paper introduces ContaBat, an attachable device for a cricket bat that provides important performance metrics like ball-bat impact location, rotation due to impact, and impact force which could be used by players, coaches and fans to gain insights about their performance. Of the metrics mentioned, obtaining the impact location is the most novel feature and is the focus of this paper. Piezo-electric sensors placed at the back of the bat are used to record pressure measurements due to impact and utilize time difference of arrival techniques (TDOA) to pinpoint the impact location. For further product realization and development, it was essential to create a prototype. The prototype was instrumental in providing testing conditions that could simulate a real-world environment, identifying the limitations of the data acquisition methods used, evaluating the usability of the product, and helping future researchers envision the final form of the product and the impact it could create before commercializing the product. The results of the algorithms showed that the accuracy of the methods used resulted in the impact location being within 0.002 m of the hit spot, with the percentage error being higher towards the edges of the bat than the middle. This paper will discuss in detail the data acquisition and data analysis methods used to measure impact location on a cricket bat, the design considerations while creating the prototype, and the insights gained from prototyping.

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Gajanayake, Surath, Pramod Karunaratne, and Shehan Fernando. "Development of an Embedded Device to Characterize the Orientation of a Cricket Bat in Three-dimensional Space." In 2021 IEEE 16th International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems (ICIIS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciis53135.2021.9660753.

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Hossain, A., and A. Mian. "Static Analysis of a Microscale Cricket Filiform Hair Socket." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36065.

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Filiform hairs of crickets are of great interest to engineers because of their highly sensitive response to low velocity air currents. In this study, the cercal sensory system of a common house cricket has been analyzed. The sensory system consists of two antennae like appendages called cerci that are situated at the rear of the cricket’s abdomen. Each cercus is covered with 500–750 flow sensitive hairs that are embedded in a complex viscoelastic socket that acts as a spring -dashpot system and guides the movement of the hair. When the hair deflects due to the drag force induced on its length by a moving air-current, the spiking activity of the neuron and the combined spiking activity of all hairs are extracted by the cercal sensory system. The hair has been experimentally studied by few researchers though its characteristics are not fully understood. The socket structure has not been analyzed experimentally or theoretically from a mechanical standpoint. Therefore, this study aims to understand the socket’s behavior and its interaction with the filiform hair by conducting static analysis. First, a 3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model, representing hair and hair-socket, has been developed. Then the static analysis is conducted utilizing the appropriate load and boundary conditions based on the physical conditions that an insect experiences. These numerical analyses aid to understand the deformation mechanism the hair and hair-socket system. The operating principles of the hair and hair-socket could be used for the design of highly responsive MEMS devices such as fluid flow sensors or micro-manipulators.

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Hossain, A., and A. Mian. "Dynamic Analysis of a Microscale Cricket Filiform Hair Socket." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50633.

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Filiform hairs of crickets are of great interest to engineers because of their highly sensitive response to low velocity air currents. In this study, the cercal sensory system of a common house cricket has been analyzed. The sensory system consists of two antennae like appendages called cerci that are situated at the rear of the cricket’s abdomen. Each cercus is covered with 500–750 flow sensitive hairs that are embedded in a complex viscoelastic socket that acts as a spring -dashpot system and guides the movement of the hair. When the hair deflects due to the drag force induced on its length by a moving air-current, the spiking activity of the neuron and the combined spiking activity of all hairs are extracted by the cercal sensory system. The hair has been experimentally studied by few researchers though its characteristics are not fully understood. The socket structure has not been analyzed experimentally or theoretically from a mechanical standpoint. Therefore, this study aims to understand the dynamic response of socket and its interaction with the filiform hair. First, a 3D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model, representing hair and hair-socket, has been developed. Then the dynamic analysis is conducted utilizing the appropriate load and boundary conditions based on the physical conditions that an insect experiences. These numerical analyses aid to understand the dynamic response of the hair and hair-socket system. The operating principles of the hair and hair-socket could be used for the design of highly responsive MEMS devices such as fluid flow sensors or micro-manipulators.

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Lisiewski, Andrew P., Haijun Liu, and Miao Yu. "Fly Ear Inspired Miniature Sound Source Localization Sensor: Localization in Two Dimensions." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40741.

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Miniature directional microphones are desirable and attractive in many applications including micro air vehicles, hearing aid devices, and anti-sniper systems. To overcome the size constraint, the natural world can serve as a source of inspiration. One striking example is found in the parasitoid fly Ormia Ochracea. Although the interaural distance of the fly ears is only 520μm, it can localize its cricket host with a resolution of as small as 2° [1]. The key to this remarkable directional hearing capability has been linked to a mechanical coupling between the fly’s two eardrums [1–3]. By mimicking the fly-ear design, two-membrane devices have been developed in our previous work [4] which can localize sound in one dimension. This work is intended to develop a three-membrane sound localization sensor, with a coupling beam connected between each of the two adjacent membranes. By utilizing the responses from all three membranes, this device can pinpoint a sound source based on the obtained bearing and elevation angles. A reduced-order model with three degrees of freedom has been developed, and parametric studies have been carried out to study the performance of the system. In experiment, the membrane responses have been detected by using a fiber optic interferometric system. The experimental results have demonstrated an improved directional sensitivity compared with that obtained from a conventional microphone array with uncoupled membranes. This work offers an entirely new approach for sensor design and development practice via the seamless integration of bio-inspired solutions, mechanics modeling, micro-fabrication techniques, and optical detection strategies.

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Justham, Laura M., Andrew A. West, Robert Harrison, Roy Jones, Andrew R. Harland, Michael P. Caine, and Jonathan R. Roberts. "The Use of Virtual Reality and Automatic Training Devices in Sport: A Review of Technology Within Cricket and Related Disciplines." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58257.

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Modern technology plays a major role in all aspects of many sports, from training to media commentary and video referees. The work contained in this report is focused on the ball launching devices which are prolific in a number of these sports such as cricket, baseball, tennis and football. These devices are used as aids to enhance the intensity and quality of a training session whilst also enabling batsmen to train without requiring the presence of a bowler. Technological advances, such as visualisation and programmable sessions, have been included in the design of baseball pitching machines but not within the domain of cricket training. The ongoing research presented in this paper highlights a shortfall in the current market and begins to develop a novel cricket bowling system. This includes a fully computer controllable environment capable of creating any cricket bowling delivery synchronised with an accurate visualisation of the bowler throughout the delivery process.

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Franceschini, Fiorenzo, Maurizio Galetto, Domenico Maisano, and Luca Mastrogiacomo. "The Problem of Distributed Wireless Sensors Positioning in the Mobile Spatial Coordinate Measuring System (MSCMS)." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59296.

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Mobile Spatial coordinate Measuring System (MScMS) is a wireless-sensor-network based system developed at the Industrial Metrology and Quality Engineering Laboratory of DISPEA – Politecnico di Torino. It has been designed to perform simple and rapid indoor dimensional measurements of medium-large size objects (large scale metrology). It is made up of three basic parts: a “constellation” of wireless devices (Crickets), a mobile probe, and a PC to store and elaborate data. Crickets and mobile probe use ultrasound (US) transceivers in order to evaluate mutual distances. Each US device has a communication range limited by a cone of transmission within a nominal opening angle of about 170° and a maximum distance of no more than 8 m. The mobile probe location in the working volume is obtained by a trilateration, consequently it should communicate with at least 4 constellation devices at once. The system makes it possible to calculate the position — in terms of spatial coordinates — of the object points “touched” by the probe. Acquired data are then available for different types of elaboration (determination of distances, curves or surfaces of measured objects). During the system set-up, the constellation Crickets (beacons) are manually placed in the working volume (we define this operation as “positioning”). After that, their coordinates are determined as much precisely as possible (this operation is said “location”). The positioning of constellation devices is one of the most critical aspects in the system set-up. In principle, Crickets can be arranged without restrictions all around the measured object. However, the number and position of network devices are strongly related to the dimensions and shape of both the measuring volume and the measured object. The accuracy in the location of constellation devices is fundamental for the accuracy of the coordinates of the touched points during measurement operation. It is important to assure a full coverage of the space served by network devices by a proper alignment of US transmitters. For that reason, an ad hoc software “pre-processor” has been developed in order to help the operator in positioning and locating constellation devices in the working volume, according to the measuring space and the measured object dimensional characteristics. The aim of the paper is to introduce and describe this computer-assisted approach. Some preliminary results of experimental tests carried out on the system prototype are also presented and discussed.

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Smith, Adam, Hari Balakrishnan, Michel Goraczko, and Nissanka Priyantha. "Tracking moving devices with the cricket location system." In the 2nd international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/990064.990088.

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