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Дисертації з теми "Crédits budgétaires et dépenses – France (2020)":
Garlanda-Longueville, Lorenzo. "Fiscalité bancaire, politique monétaire et annonces budgétaires : trois essais en économie bancaire et financière internationale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA100145.
This thesis is part of the general field of international financial macroeconomics, and more specifically of international banking and financial economics. Its aim is to analyze the allocation of bank debt and assets, with a particular focus on monetary policy. In this way, we highlight the specific nature of banking activities in these territories, namely the extensive use of internal debt, particularly when the debtor is highly taxed.In our first chapter, we first document the process of banking globalization, highlighting the surge in cross-border banking activities since the 1980s. We then show that OFCs, which account for a negligible share of global GDP, hold over 20% of cross-border banking assets, making them the largest banking system in the world. By mobilizing international data on these territories for the first time, we are able to show how the geographical location of cross-border intra-group outstandings is neither random, nor based on underlying economic exchanges. In particular, we present evidence of the disproportionate weight of certain jurisdictions in the location of cross-border intra-group outstandings of major banking systems: this disproportion is measured by comparing the distribution of intra-group outstandings by creditor tax rate quintiles with the distribution of inter-group outstandings.Our second chapter documents the evolution of international amount outstandings between China and Hong Kong, reflecting their banking integration. Through a variety of monetary policy variables, we assess the impact of Chinese monetary shocks on Hong Kong cross-border create loans. Our results indicate that a large part of the decline in the level of outstandings, observed as early as 2015, can be attributed to the People's Bank of China's accommodative monetary policy and its direct consequence: the narrowing of the spread between Chinese rates and those of advanced countries. We explain this development by yield-seeking behavior on the part of international banks resident in Hong Kong. Furthermore, in line with recent literature on the transmission of Chinese monetary policy, we show that the latter now operates fully within a market interest rate logic and no longer through purely quantitative instruments (quotas, credit control and reserve requirements), which were its hallmark in the 1990s and early 2000s. Finally, we compare these results with the monetary policy transmission of the hegemon, the United States. The latter indicate that the effect of Chinese monetary policy on Hong Kong's international banking assets is stronger than that of Fed policy.In our 3rd chapter, we propose to apply the idea of fiscal forward guidance to the French framework and measure the effect of President Emmanuel Macron's announcements during the COVID crisis on French financial markets. Distinguishing between the effect of press releases or leaks about future announcements and the effects specific to the announcements themselves, we show how each impacts i) the French equity market and ii) the sovereign spreads between France and Germany. We also show that the addresses and the announcement of those addresses have mixed effects on the volatility of our two indicators. Our results suggest that communication by fiscal policy-makers has an overall positive effect and can help reassure financial markets, while promoting strong fiscal support policies in times of uncertainty
Dussart, Vincent. "L'autonomie financière des pouvoirs publics constitutionnels : éléments pour une théorie de l'autonomie financière constitutionnelle." Lille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL20012.
Since 1789, the financial system of constitutionnal public authorities has been obeying exceptionnal rules to the financial common law. It must be noticed that there is a perfect form of financial autonomy which is applicable to the different constitutionnal institutions. This particular financial autonomy is the fruit of a slow historical evolution which has allowed the parliamentary assemblies and head of state to free themselves from the traditionnal rules of the budgetary law and from the standard accounding law. Theoretically this financial autonomy is based on an unrecognized application of the separation of the powers. Under the fifth republic, the parliamentary assemblies, the presidency of the republic, the constitutionnal council, the economic and social council, the court of justice of the republic enjoy an important financial autonomy. It expresses itself in the elaboration and the executioin of grants and in particular inspections which are exercised over this execution
Yun, Kwang-Jai. "Les relations financières entre l'Etat et les collectivités locales : Etude comparée France-Corée du sud." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020022.
Ancelot, Lydie. "L'analyse économique du plaider coupable : application à la procédure française de comparution sur reconnaissance préalable de culpabilité." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN20004/document.
In 2004, the french plea bargaining called the Comparution sur Reconnaissance Préalable de Culpabilité (CRPC) is introduced. With vocation to be faster and less expensive than a lawsuit, it has as the ambition to reduce the number of cases on correctional courts. Since its enforcement, there have been reserves to apply this process. The main fear is to see French justice slipping towards drifts similar to those known in the United States. Many interrogations raised concerning its effectiveness and its equity have been renewed recently by the proposal of the Leger committee to extend its application to crimes. We seek to discuss the debate on the potentially undesirable effects of plea bargaining, in general, and of the CRPC, in particular. The economic analysis of plea bargaining proposed in this thesis has two objectives. The first objective is to examine how the sanction inflicted in plea bargaining can be effective to reduce the legal errors and/or to deterrence people to commit an offence. An original approach of the literature is carried out. In fact, we insist on two aspects of the effectiveness of plea bargaining : revelation of information and the deterrence. We thus highlight useful conclusions on the effectiveness of the CRPC in its current state of application and on its effects to await if its applicability is widened. In particular, the economic literature recommends to maintain a sentence sorrow to the judgement, to grant to the prosecutor a available budget and to introduce sentencing guidelines. These conclusion are opposed to the characteristics of plea bargaining : lightest sentence, decreasing the costs of justice and individualization of the sentence. The second objective of this thesis is to examine the equity of plea bargaining. Indeed, although the reproach of iniquity was frequently formulated in France and in the United States against this procedure, the economic literature did not study this question. In order to bring answers to the legal debates, two distinct analyses are carried out. First, we examine the impact of the fees system of the attorney on the sentence. We show that a two-speed justice is developed. Secondly, with a personal database, we discuss the CRPC equity using an econometric study. We highlight that the court plays an essential part in the type of sentence inflicted with the defendant
Provost, Jean-Jacques. "Le financement de la défense : aspects juridiques : la programmation militaire." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020115.
Defense financing is materialized by: - the annual finance law which has the status of a law. - the medium-range military programming law. - the long-range planification without any legal status. The "military programming law" which is born of the "programme law" is written in "credits de paiement" (payment credit) it has not the status of a law although it has a binding status. It is a norm of goals which assign the government to do anything in order to realize the financial estimates stated by the law
Lahille, Éric. "L'économique et le militaire : un essai d'interprétation et un exemple d'application à l'organisation industrielle." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010042.
Conan, Matthieu. "La non-obligation de dépenser." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100097.
This work sheds a new light on an issue usually presented as deriving from classic treasury rules. Some authors go as far as considering that the non-obligation to spend allocated budgets is a general principle of budgetary law. Others use this principle to give substance to new budgetary adjustment techniques which have appeared in the last decade. These diverging opinions nonetheless define a right to retain public spending, thereby leading to cancellation of fund allocations during or at the end- of a given fiscal year. This non-obligation is a feature of modern budgetary practice. It demonstrates a degree of economic intervention as well as a general trend toward wealth redistribution. During the last century, no such freedom existed; it appeared mainly under the influence of Jeze and Laferriere ca. 1910-1912. This non-obligation can hardly be construed as a general principle, nor indeed can it apply to all categories of spending (e. G. Debt servicing, government budget continuity). Any instance of non-spending should not be construed as an application of this right to refrain from spending. As early as the nineteenth century, credits have been cancelled simply in view of their amount. Nowadays, credits can be cancelled for the purpose of regulating cashflow. This prerogative, originally one enjoyed by each minister for organic reasons, is progressively taken up by the exchequer and even more, by the prime minister, who now have assumed powers quite beyond the scope of the ordinance of 2 january 1959
Rainaud, Philippe. "La transparence budgétaire : approche comparée des finances des collectivités locales, de l'Etat et de l'Union européenne." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT3024.
Godek, Magdalena. "Les euro-obligations municipales en France : une source de financement des collectivités locales." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33020.
Levoyer, Loïc. "L'influence du droit communautaire sur le pouvoir financier du Parlement français." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT3016.