Статті в журналах: "Creation of the universe"

1

Topoff, Howard. "Universe Creation." Science 235, no. 4795 (March 20, 1987): 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.235.4795.1447-c.

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2

TOPOFF, H. "Universe Creation." Science 235, no. 4795 (March 20, 1987): 1447c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.235.4795.1447c.

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3

Ne'eman, Yuval. "Inflationary Cosmogony, Copernican Relevelling and Extended Reality." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 168 (1996): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900110691.

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“Eternal” Inflation has relevelled the creation of universes, making it a “routine” physical occurence. The mechanism of the Big Bang, from the conditions triggering it, to the eventual creation of the entire matter content of the resulting universe, involves no singular physical processes. However, causal horizons, due to General Relativity, separate the newborn universe from the parent universe in which it was seeded as a localized vacuum energy. The new universe's expansion only occurs “after” infinite time, i.e. “never”, in the parents frame. This forces a reassessment of “reality”. The two universes are connected by the world line of the initial localized vacuum energy, originating in the parent universe. Assuming that the parent universe itself was generated in a similar fashion, etc., an infinite sequence of previous universes is thus connected by one world-line, like a string of beads.

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4

Lizhi, Fang, Li Shuxian, and David N. Schramm. "Creation of the Universe." Physics Today 43, no. 1 (January 1990): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2810418.

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5

Robles-Pérez, Salvador J. "Creation of Entangled Universes Avoids the Big Bang Singularity." Journal of Gravity 2014 (January 12, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/382675.

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The creation of universes in entangled pairs may avoid the initial singularity and it would have observable consequences in a large macroscopic universe like ours, at least in principle. In this paper we describe the creation of an entangled pair of universes from a double instanton, which avoids the initial singularity, in the case of a homogeneous and isotropic universe with a conformally coupled massless scalar field. The thermodynamical properties of interuniversal entanglement might have observable consequences on the properties of our single universe provided that the thermodynamics of entanglement is eventually related to the classical formulation of thermodynamics.

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6

WU, ZHONG CHAO. "CAN BLACK HOLES BE CREATED AT THE BIRTH OF THE UNIVERSE?" Modern Physics Letters A 14, no. 34 (November 10, 1999): 2403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732399002480.

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We study the quantum creation of black hole pairs in the (anti-)de Sitter space background. These black hole pairs in the Kerr–Newman family are created from constrained instantons. At the WKB level, for the chargeless and nonrotating case, the relative creation probability is the exponential of (the negative of) the entropy of the universe. Also for the remaining cases of the family, the creation probability is the exponential of (the negative of) one quarter of the sum of the inner and outer black hole horizon areas. In the absence of a general no-boundary proposal for open universes, we treat the creations of the closed and the open universes in the same way.

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7

Robles-Pérez, Salvador J. "Time Reversal Symmetry in Cosmology and the Creation of a Universe–Antiuniverse Pair." Universe 5, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe5060150.

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The classical evolution of the universe can be seen as a parametrised worldline of the minisuperspace, with the time variable t being the parameter that parametrises the worldline. The time reversal symmetry of the field equations implies that for any positive oriented solution there can be a symmetric negative oriented one that, in terms of the same time variable, respectively represent an expanding and a contracting universe. However, the choice of the time variable induced by the correct value of the Schrödinger equation in the two universes makes it so that their physical time variables can be reversely related. In that case, the two universes would both be expanding universes from the perspective of their internal inhabitants, who identify matter with the particles that move in their spacetimes and antimatter with the particles that move in the time reversely symmetric universe. If the assumptions considered are consistent with a realistic scenario of our universe, the creation of a universe–antiuniverse pair might explain two main and related problems in cosmology: the time asymmetry and the primordial matter–antimatter asymmetry of our universe.

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8

McCabe, Gordon. "Universe creation on a computer." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 36, no. 4 (December 2005): 591–625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsb.2005.04.002.

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9

Gunawan, Leo Agung Srie. "REKONSILIASI KOSMOLOGIS Antara Teorema Penciptaan dan Teori Evolusi." LOGOS 17, no. 2 (July 16, 2020): 15–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54367/logos.v17i2.804.

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The problem of the universe having a great mystery encloses the big question about its origin. To answer the origin of universe, generally, there are two approaches, namely faith and science. The main question has to be replied: â€œWhat do the differences and the similarity of them?â€ The approach of faith bases on the inquiry of â€œwho causes the existence of the universeâ€. This approach states that the origin of universe was created by God and hence, it was formed by God from a nothingness (creatio ex nihilo). This is known as the theorem of creation. Furthermore, the scientific approach is grounded on the research of â€œhow the universe was formed in the beginningâ€. This oncoming being explained by the Big Bang Theory, which is continued by the Big Crunch Theory, asserts that the origin of universe came from the prime matter which exploded incredibly in a such a way that the formation process of the universe took place (the singularity). This is well-known as the theory of evolution (the cosmological evolution). In conclusion, the scientific approach explaining the process of creation and the faith one answering the actor of it are complementary.

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10

Coghetto, Roland. "Non-Trivial Universes and Sequences of Universes." Formalized Mathematics 30, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forma-2022-0005.

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Summary Universe is a concept which is present from the beginning of the creation of the Mizar Mathematical Library (MML) in several forms (Universe, Universe_closure, UNIVERSE) [25], then later as the_universe_of, [33], and recently with the definition GrothendieckUniverse [26], [11], [11]. These definitions are useful in many articles [28, 33, 8, 35], [19, 32, 31, 15, 6], but also [34, 12, 20, 22, 21], [27, 2, 3, 23, 16, 7, 4, 5]. In this paper, using the Mizar system [9] [10], we trivially show that Grothendieck’s definition of Universe as defined in [26], coincides with the original definition of Universe defined by Artin, Grothendieck, and Verdier (Chapitre 0 Univers et Appendice “Univers” (par N. Bourbaki) de l’Exposé I. “PREFAISCE-AUX”) [1], and how the different definitions of MML concerning universes are related. We also show that the definition of Universe introduced by Mac Lane ([18]) is compatible with the MML’s definition. Although a universe may be empty, we consider the properties of non-empty universes, completing the properties proved in [25]. We introduce the notion of “trivial” and “non-trivial” Universes, depending on whether or not they contain the set ω (NAT), following the notion of Robert M. Solovay2. The following result links the universes U 0 (FinSETS) and U 1 (SETS): Grothendieck Universe ω = Grothendieck Universe U 0 = U 1 {\rm{Grothendieck}}\,{\rm{Universe}}\,\omega = {\rm{Grothendieck}}\,{\rm{Universe}}\,{{\bf{U}}_0} = {{\bf{U}}_1} Before turning to the last section, we establish some trivial propositions allowing the construction of sets outside the considered universe. The last section is devoted to the construction, in Tarski-Grothendieck, of a tower of universes indexed by the ordinal numbers (See 8. Examples, Grothendieck universe, ncatlab.org [24]). Grothendieck’s universe is referenced in current works: “Assuming the existence of a sufficient supply of (Grothendieck) univers”, Jacob Lurie in “Higher Topos Theory” [17], “Annexe B – Some results on Grothendieck universes”, Olivia Caramello and Riccardo Zanfa in “Relative topos theory via stacks” [13], “Remark 1.1.5 (quoting Michael Shulman [30])”, Emily Riehl in “Category theory in Context” [29], and more specifically “Strict Universes for Grothendieck Topoi” [14].

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11

KERR, GAVEN. "A Thomistic metaphysics of creation." Religious Studies 48, no. 3 (January 16, 2012): 337–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412511000291.

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AbstractThis article seeks to advance a Thomistic metaphysics of creation in light of certain claims made by Stephen Hawking on the beginninglessness of the universe. I start with an exploration of Hawking's proposal that a beginningless universe entails an uncreated universe. This propels me into Aquinas's contention that a created beginningless universe is indeed possible, and thence I consider the metaphysics behind Thomas's position in this regard. Given this metaphysics of creation, I contend that there follow some interesting conclusions with regard to our notion of a creator God and the means for establishing the existence of such.

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12

Ghosh, Saumya, and Sunandan Gangopadhyay. "Thermodynamics and emergent universe." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 16 (April 21, 2017): 1750089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317500894.

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We show that in the isentropic scenario, the first-order thermodynamical particle creation model gives an emergent universe solution even when the chemical potential is nonzero. However, there exists no emergent universe scenario in the second-order non-equilibrium theory for the particle creation model. We then point out a correspondence between the particle creation model with barotropic equation of state and the equation of state giving rise to an emergent universe without particle creation in spatially flat FRW cosmology.

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13

Adhav, Kishor S., Meena V. Dawande, Maya S. Desale, and Ranjita B. Raut. "Kasner Universe in Creation-Field Cosmology." Journal of Modern Physics 01, no. 03 (2010): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2010.13028.

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14

GUENDELMAN, E. I., and J. PORTNOY. "ALMOST CLASSICAL CREATION OF A UNIVERSE." Modern Physics Letters A 16, no. 16 (May 30, 2001): 1079–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732301004248.

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We study the problem of a 1 + 1 cord with a dynamical massless scalar field living in it, which separates a false vacuum and a conical region in a 2 + 1 space. A stable "particle-like" configuration can be found. Also, oscillating solutions exist which can tunnel to an expanding type solution. The most outstanding feature for these oscillating solution is that we do not need a singularity to create an infinite universe from them, and that an arbitrarily small tunneling is needed to achieve this. Possible consequences for similar processes, involving cosmic strings in 3 + 1 dimensions are discussed.

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15

Kobayashi, Tsutomu, Masahide Yamaguchi, and Jun'ichi Yokoyama. "Galilean creation of the inflationary universe." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2015, no. 07 (July 13, 2015): 017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2015/07/017.

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16

Harrison, E. "Creation and fitness of the universe." Astronomy & Geophysics 39, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 2.27–2.28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/astrog/39.2.2.27.

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17

Hervik, Sigbjørn. "Quantum creation of an inhomogeneous universe." Classical and Quantum Gravity 18, no. 1 (December 7, 2000): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/18/1/310.

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18

Moorhouse, R. G., A. B. Henriques, and L. E. Mendes. "Graviton creation in an expanding universe." Physical Review D 50, no. 4 (August 15, 1994): 2600–2604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.50.2600.

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19

Suresh, P. K. "Particle Creation in Anisotropically Expanding Universe." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 44, no. 6 (June 2005): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-005-3996-3.

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20

Guendelman, E. I., and David A. Owen. "Universe creation, entropy, and extra dimensions." General Relativity and Gravitation 21, no. 2 (February 1989): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00761088.

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21

Henriques, Alfredo B. "Graviton creation in an inflationary universe." Physical Review D 49, no. 4 (February 15, 1994): 1771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.49.1771.

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22

Graham, Robert, and Peter Szépfalusy. "Quantum creation of a generic universe." Physical Review D 42, no. 8 (October 15, 1990): 2483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.42.2483.

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23

Fathurin, Nuril. "The Creation of the Universe Judging from the Naqli and Aqli Propositions." Journal Intellectual Sufism Research (JISR) 5, no. 1 (November 29, 2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52032/jisr.v5i1.138.

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This study aims to determine the basis, process, interrelationship, and urgency of the creation of the universe in terms of the naqli argument. This type of research is a qualitative research with library research method , which is a series of activities related to the method of collecting library data through reading, recording and processing research data by conducting a review study of books, literatures, notes. and reports related to the problem being solved. The results of the study indicate that the basis for the creation of the universe in terms of the naqli argument is explained in the verses of the Qur'an, including QS. Al-A'raaf [7]: 54, QS. Yunus [10]: 3, QS. Hud [11]: 7, al-Hadid [57]: 4, and others. The review of the naqli arguments explains that the process of creating the universe is divided into six stages, namely the big explosion, until the creation of animals and then humans. While the review of aqli theorems in science, the beginning of the creation of the universe was put forward by the Big Bang theory , Stephen Hawking, Rasyid Ridha, Marconi, and others. There are several links between the texts and the theories that have been put forward, including the process of creating the universe which is divided into six stages, the process of creating the universe comes from something solid, the material for the formation of the universe comes from water, the material for the creation of the heavens and the earth is a kind of smoke. (dukhon) . There is a link between the process of creating the universe, reviewing the naqli (al-Qur'an) and aqli (science) propositions with the finding of compatibility with scientific evidence that answers a lot of cues from the Qur'an, so as a believer, his faith should be more and more about the existence of Allah, the truth of Islam, and the truth of the holy verses of the Qur'an.

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24

ZHANG, Tianxi. "THE FIRST FOUR DAYS: A SCIENTIFIC VIEW FOR THE CREATION OF THE UNIVERSE." International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on the Dialogue between Sciences & Arts, Religion & Education 5, no. 1 (November 24, 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26520/mcdsare.2021.5.58-66.

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The first four days of Genesis are scientifically interpreted according to the author’s well-developed black hole universe model. From this scientific view for the creation of the universe described in the book of Genesis, God in the first day created the space and time, matter and motion, charge and fundamental forces, energy and light for the infinite large entire universe. Then, in the second day, God hierarchically structured the entire universe by separating the matter and space with infinite layers that are bounded by event horizons and further formed our finite black hole universe. In the third day, God constructed the interiors of our finite black hole universe with planets, stars, galaxies, and clusters, etc. And, in the fourth day, God finally created our home planet Earth and the solar system and made lights including the Sun, Moon, and stars to give light to our universe and Earth. This up-to-date explanation to God’s creative work during the first four days has bridged the gap between Genesis and observations of the universe and brought us a scientific view and understanding on the book of Genesis. This innovative interpretation of Genesis also strongly supports the black hole universe model to be capable of revealing the mysteries of the universe. This is a synthetic article of the four papers recently published on IJTPS to interpret the first through fourth day of Genesis according to the black hole model of the universe.

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25

Wu, Zhong Chao. "Quantum Creation of a Black Hole." International Journal of Modern Physics D 06, no. 02 (April 1997): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271897000121.

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Using the Hartle–Hawking no-boundary proposal for the wave function of the universe, we can study the wave function and probability of a single black hole created at the birth of the universe. The black hole originates from a generalized gravitational instanton with conical singularities. The wave function and probability of a universe with a black hole are calculated at the W K B level. The probability of a black hole creation is the exponential of one quarter of the sum of areas of the black hole and cosmological horizons. One quarter of this sum is the total entropy of universe. We show that these arguments apply to all kinds of black holes in the de Sitter space background.

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26

Ambjørn, J., and Y. Watabiki. "A modified Friedmann equation." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 40 (December 28, 2017): 1750224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317502248.

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We recently formulated a model of the universe based on an underlying W3-symmetry. It allows the creation of the universe from nothing and the creation of baby universes and wormholes for spacetimes of dimension 2, 3, 4, 6 and 10. Here we show that the classical large time and large space limit of these universes is one of exponential fast expansion without the need of a cosmological constant. Under a number of simplifying assumptions, our model predicts that w = −1.2 in the case of four-dimensional spacetime. The possibility of obtaining a w-value less than −1 is linked to the ability of our model to create baby universes and wormholes.

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27

Modak, Sujoy K. "Cosmological particle creation beyond de Sitter." International Journal of Modern Physics D 28, no. 09 (July 2019): 1930015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271819300155.

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Over the years, de Sitter spacetime has been a central focus in studies involving quantum fields, for its importance in the early and late expansion stages of the universe. While de Sitter spacetime closely mimics characteristics of the inflationary and dark energy dominated universe, it does not help to understand the radiation and matter dominated expansions. In this paper, we revisit some recent works involving the author which study gravitational particle creation beyond the de Sitter stage. Specifically, we present novel aspects of particle creation in the radiation dominated universe and then provide an analysis of time evolution of the primordial (Bunch–Davies) vacuum state, its particle excitation and quantum versus classical behavior of field modes in a multi-stage universe, comprising of (i) the inflationary de Sitter (ii) the radiation dominated and (iii) the late dark energy dominated stages.

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28

Mishra, Aman. "Infinite dimensions and the creation of Universe." IOSR Journal of Applied Physics 3, no. 2 (2013): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/4861-0320610.

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29

Robles-Pérez, S. J. "Quantum Creation of a Universe–Antiuniverse Pair." Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement 13, no. 2 (2020): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolbsupp.13.325.

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30

Ierokomos, Nikiforos. "The universe via continuum creation and annihilation." Physics Essays 23, no. 3 (September 2010): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/1.3455699.

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31

Sevinc, Özgür, and Ekrem Aydiner. "Particle Creation in Friedmann–Robertson–Walker Universe." Gravitation and Cosmology 25, no. 4 (October 2019): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s020228931904011x.

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32

Dobrowolski, T. "Creation of strings in the early universe." Classical and Quantum Gravity 19, no. 12 (May 24, 2002): 3153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/19/12/304.

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33

Byrne, Peter. "Book Review: Interpreting the Universe as Creation." Theology 95, no. 766 (July 1992): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x9209500435.

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34

Buras, R., and D. V. Semikoz. "Lepton asymmetry creation in the early universe." Astroparticle Physics 17, no. 2 (May 2002): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-6505(01)00155-4.

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35

Adhav, K. S., P. S. Gadodia, M. V. Dawande, and R. S. Thakare. "Axially Symmetric Universe in Creation-Field Cosmology." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 50, no. 3 (December 17, 2010): 861–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-010-0623-8.

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36

Villalba, Víctor M. "Particle creation in a cosmological anisotropic universe." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 36, no. 6 (June 1997): 1321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02435926.

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37

McGuigan, Michael. "Universe creation from the third-quantized vacuum." Physical Review D 39, no. 8 (April 15, 1989): 2229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.39.2229.

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38

Lincoln, Maya, and Avi Wasser. "Spontaneous creation of the Universe Ex Nihilo." Physics of the Dark Universe 2, no. 4 (December 2013): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dark.2013.11.004.

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39

Mullins, R. T. "The Problem of Arbitrary Creation for Impassibility." Open Theology 6, no. 1 (July 18, 2020): 392–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opth-2020-0110.

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AbstractThere is a particular question that has plagued classical Christian theism over the centuries. What reason could God have for creating a universe? In this article, I shall articulate the unique claims of classical theism that other rival models of God lack. I shall argue that classical theism’s unique commitments entail that God cannot create the universe for a reason. Thus, any nonclassical model of God can claim to have the advantage over classical theism because they can affirm that God creates the universe for a reason. In Section 1, I shall articulate classical theism. In Section 2, I shall lay the groundwork for the debate by explaining what a reason is and what a creation is. In Section 3, I shall argue that a classical theist cannot affirm that God creates the universe for a reason, thus conflicting with God’s perfect rationality.

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40

Fischer, Arthur E. "Friedmann’s equation and the creation of the universe." International Journal of Modern Physics D 27, no. 14 (October 2018): 1847013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271818470132.

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In this paper, we present mathematical evidence that the beginning of the universe did not occur at the big bang at [Formula: see text] with the universe in a state of infinite density, but occurred at [Formula: see text] with the universe in a state of infinite dilution. We show the essential importance played by the native quadratic structure of a generic Friedmann’s equation [Formula: see text] in the time derivative [Formula: see text] in arriving at this conclusion and show how this quadratic structure together with the accompanying time-reversal symmetry of Friedmann’s equation has profound physical consequences in building Friedmann models of the universe, one of which is that classical cosmological models can be extrapolated backward through the big bang into the infinite past. We conclude that viable cosmological models based on the native quadratic form of Friedmann’s equation, and thus on Einstein’s equations, show that global spatial singularities need not signal an end to spacetime. Moreover, classical big bang cosmological models based on Friedmann’s equation, without the need for quantum gravity, when globalized to all-time solutions, show that the universe did not begin at the big bang. Thus encoded in Friedmann’s equation is previously undiscovered information about how the universe began and we show that this information can only be extracted when Friedmann’s equation is taken in its native quadratic form as opposed to the usual approach of considering only the positive square root form of Friedmann’s equation.

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41

Asmariani, Anak Agung Raka. "The Process Of Creation And Dissolution Of The Universe In Bhuwana Sangksepa's Text." Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/jpah.v6i2.1311.

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Bhuana Sangksepa's text is a Shivaistic text classed as a Tattwatext due to its explanation of Shiva's supreme position in the universe. The text of Bhuana Sangksepa was chosen because it discusses cosmology in terms of the process of cosmos formation and dissolution. The issue that will be examined in this study is the process of the universe's formation and dissolution as described in Bhuana Sangksepa's text. This study employs hermeneutic qualitative research and data collection using library research techniques. The major data source for this study is the text of Bhuana Sangksepa, and the data will be examined descriptively before being provided in descriptive form. According to Bhuna Sangksepa's text, God is the source of all that exists. The universe began in a state of emptiness (Sunya). According to Bhuana Sangksepa's text, the universe's creation and disintegration are cyclical. The Samkya explains evolutionary cosmology by stating that the universe's expansion and contraction are ordered by degrees. The cosmos is composed of two layers: the upper layer (Sapta Loka) and the lower layer (Sapta Petala). Sapta Dwipa, Sapta Parwata, Sapta Samudra, and Sapta Tirtha comprise the universe. The notion of Tri Hita Karana explains the Hindus' understanding of cosmology in the Bhuana Sangksepa's text.

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42

BERMAN, M. S., and L. A. TREVISAN. "ON THE CREATION OF UNIVERSE OUT OF NOTHING." International Journal of Modern Physics D 19, no. 08n10 (August 2010): 1309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810017342.

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This work aims at using a semiclassical approach to explain how the universe was created out of nothing, i.e., with no input of initial energy nor mass. The inflationary phase with exponential expansion is accounted for, automatically, by our equation of state for the very early universe.

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43

Ambarnuari, Mery. "Dvaita Vedanta dalam Teks Lontar Bhuwana Mahbah." Sanjiwani: Jurnal Filsafat 10, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/sjf.v10i2.1517.

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The development and dissemination of Hindu teachings makes the Vedas Holy Library A lot of text passages, one of which is the regional texts written by citing the teachings in the Vedic Sacred Library. The text of Bhuwana Mahbah Lontar is one of them. The text discussing the creation and preservation of the universe contains teachings that correspond to the dualist Dvaita Vedanta, which, among others, created the universe different from its creations but the creation is still in control God as the ultimate reality.

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44

Duckss, Weitter. "The Processes of Violent Disintegration and Natural Creation of Matter in the Universe." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 1, no. 4 (October 27, 2019): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v1i4.474.

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This article completes the circle of presenting the process of the constant growth of objects and systems and the topics to complete it consist of the visible matter violent disintegration and its re-creation inside the Universe. A constant process of the visible matter disintegration is presented as the end of the process, the proportions of which are gigantic, and the creation of the visible matter as the beginning of it. The disintegration of particles disturbs the balance of the Universe's wholeness; despite the enormous loss of the visible matter, the Universe is constantly growing. After having postponed it for a while, this article discusses the age of objects and the Universe as a consequence of the process of the constant matter growth. The acquired results are completely different from those, offered by the renowned experts of the time.

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Wang, Yi, and Mian Zhu. "Quantum creation of a toy Universe without inflation." Classical and Quantum Gravity 38, no. 6 (February 23, 2021): 065016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/abd95d.

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46

King, L. A. "Continuous Creation of Matter in an Evolutionary Universe." Physics Essays 5, no. 1 (March 1992): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/1.3028946.

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Linde, Andrei. "Creation of a compact topologically nontrivial inflationary universe." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2004, no. 10 (October 5, 2004): 004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2004/10/004.

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48

Halliwell, Jonathan J. "Quantum Cosmology and the Creation of the Universe." Scientific American 265, no. 6 (December 1991): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1291-76.

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49

Heller, Michael. "Cosmological Singularity and the Creation of the Universe." Zygon® 35, no. 3 (September 2000): 665–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0591-2385.00303.

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50

Dil, Emre. "Space Creation Mechanism during the Expansion of Universe." Advances in Astronomy 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4695065.

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We propose a novel mechanism related to the expansion of universe. Recently Verlinde’s proposal has been applied to the deformed bosons being a candidate for the dark energy constituents, since the negative pressure of the deformed bosons. The expansion of universe is dependent on the dark energy and implies a creation of space; we admit that the space creation mechanism is related to the deformed bosons and so is the dark energy. In order to relate the dark energy and the mechanism for creation of space, we consider Verlinde’s proposal including the Holographic principle for emergence of space, which was recently applied to the deformed bosons. To check the validity of our mechanism, we calculate the ratio of the size of universe before and after the expansion and compare the results with the observational data. We find that the results are consistent with each other and infer that the proposed mechanism works correctly.

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