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Статті в журналах з теми "CO₂ valorization":
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Ding, Pan, Jie Zhang, Na Han, Yuan Zhou, Lin Jia, and Yanguang Li. "Simultaneous power generation and CO2 valorization by aqueous Al–CO2 batteries using nanostructured Bi2S3 as the cathode electrocatalyst." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 25 (2020): 12385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta03761c.
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Mengers, H. G., N. Guntermann, G. Franciò, W. Leitner, and L. M. Blank. "In situ CO 2 valorization: Chemocatalysis meets biocatalysis." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 92, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 1272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.202055062.
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Kanari, N., N. Menad, F. Diot, E. Allain, and J. Yvon. "Phosphate valorization by dry chlorination route." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 52, no. 1 (2016): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb150304027k.
Анотація:
This work deals with the extraction of phosphorus chlorinated compounds from phosphate materials using chlorination with gaseous chlorine. An industrial sample of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, after transformation into calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7), is subjected to reactions with Cl2+CO+N2 and Cl2+C+N2 at temperatures ranging from 625 to 950?C using boat experiments. Gathering results of the thermodynamic predictions and TG/DT analysis with those of SEM and XRD examinations of the chlorinated residues allowed the interpretation of phenomena and reactions mechanism occurring during the calcium pyrophosphate carbochlorination. Reaction rate of Ca2P2O7 by Cl2+CO+N2 at 950?C is slowed down due to the formation of a CaCl2 liquid layer acting as a barrier for the diffusion of the reactive gases and further reaction progress. While, the carbochlorination with Cl2+C+N2 led to almost full chlorination of Ca2P2O7 at 750?C and the process proceeds with an apparent activation energy of about 104 kJ/mol between 625 and 750?C. Carbochlorination technique can be considered as an alternative and selective route for the valorization of low grade phosphates and for the phosphorus extraction from its bearing materials.
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Faleschini, Flora, Mariano Angelo Zanini, Katya Brunelli, and Carlo Pellegrino. "Valorization of co-combustion fly ash in concrete production." Materials & Design 85 (November 2015): 687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.079.
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Igual, Marta, Maria Simona Chiş, Adriana Păucean, Dan Cristian Vodnar, Sevastița Muste, Simona Man, Javier Martínez-Monzó, and Purificación García-Segovia. "Valorization of Rose Hip (Rosa canina) Puree Co-Product in Enriched Corn Extrudates." Foods 10, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 2787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112787.
Анотація:
Serious issues and challenges of the world’s population are represented by dwindling natural food resources and the scale-up of sustainable food manufacturing. Therefore, the valorization of co-products from the food industry represents new methods for food development. The principal goal of the study was to capitalize rose hip (Rosa canina) co-product powder in extrudates, highlighting its influence on extrusion parameters, physicochemical, and nutritional characteristics. The water absorption index, swelling index, and hygroscopicity increased with the rose hip co-product addition. Furthermore, water solubility index, expansion index, porosity, image parameters (area and perimeter) of the extrudates decreased. Lycopene, β-Carotene, Zea-esters, and lutein were the main carotenoids identified in the extrudates; whereas Catechin, Di-gallic acid, Procyanidin dimmer 1, Procyanidin dimmer 2, and Isorhamnetin-glucuronide were the main flavonoids. Strong Pearson correlations were identified between carotenoids, total flavonoids, vitamin C, total folate, and antioxidant activity. Valorization of the Rosa canina powder co-product led to value-added products—corn extrudates—rich in bioactive compounds.
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Xi, Zhixiang, Bingjie Zhou, Yue Yu, Binbo Jiang, Zuwei Liao, Jingdai Wang, Zhengliang Huang, Yao Yang, Jingyuan Sun, and Yongrong Yang. "Enhancing low-temperature methane conversion on Zn/ZSM-5 in the presence of methanol by regulating the methanol-to-aromatics reaction pathway." Catalysis Science & Technology 10, no. 18 (2020): 6161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy00449a.
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Ferretti, Francesco, Muhammad Sharif, Sarim Dastgir, Fabio Ragaini, Ralf Jackstell та Matthias Beller. "Selective palladium-catalysed synthesis of diesters: alkoxycarbonylation of a CO2-butadiene derived δ-lactone". Green Chemistry 19, № 15 (2017): 3542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7gc01366c.
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Shen, Yafei, Dachao Ma, and Xinlei Ge. "CO2-looping in biomass pyrolysis or gasification." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 1, no. 8 (2017): 1700–1729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7se00279c.
Анотація:
This paper summarizes the thermochemical conversion of biomass using CO2as a reaction medium. In the integrated valorization of biomass by pyrolysis or gasification, CO2can play a vital role in each stage, including biomass pyrolysis, biomass/biochar gasification, biochar activation, and tar cracking/reforming.
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Ticali, Pierfrancesco, Davide Salusso, Rafia Ahmad, Christian Ahoba-Sam, Adrian Ramirez, Genrikh Shterk, Kirill A. Lomachenko, et al. "CO2 hydrogenation to methanol and hydrocarbons over bifunctional Zn-doped ZrO2/zeolite catalysts." Catalysis Science & Technology 11, no. 4 (2021): 1249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy01550d.
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Trisunaryanti, Wega, Triyono Triyono, Elizabeth Selia Nandini, and Endah Suarsih. "Biomass Valorization to Chemicals over Cobalt Nanoparticles on SBA-15." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 17, no. 3 (August 3, 2022): 533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.17.3.15160.533-541.
Анотація:
A series of heterogeneous catalysts based on cobalt supported on SBA-15 were prepared through wet impregnation and co-impregnation assisted by ethylene glycol (EG) methods. The cobalt oxide catalysts generated after the drying and calcination process were denoted as CoO/SBA-15w and CoO/SBA-15c for a wet- and co-impregnation method, respectively. Subsequent to the reduction process, the reduced cobalt catalysts were obtained and denoted as Co/SBA-15w and Co/SBA-15c. The TEM images revealed the catalysts prepared through these methods show very clear distinctions that the catalyst prepared by wet impregnation shows large aggregates of cobalt particles on the external surface of SBA-15 due to their inability to enter the channels. The catalysts were evaluated on the hydrocracking of pyrolyzed -cellulose as a biomass model. The results showed that the reduced cobalt-based catalysts are having higher conversion value and selectivity towards the 2-furancarboxaldehyde reached ca. 20%. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Дисертації з теми "CO₂ valorization":
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Barbosa, Rui Pedro Fernandes. "Study on the valorization routes of ashes from thermoelectric power plants working under mono-and co-combustion regimes." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11078.
Анотація:
Thesis submitted to obtain the Doctoral degree in Energy and BioenergyThe main objective of this thesis was to study new valorization routes of ashes produced in combustion and co-combustion processes. Three main valorization pathways were analyzed: (i)production of cement mortars, (ii) production of concretes, and (iii) use as chemical agents to remove contaminants from wastewaters. Firstly, the ashes produced during the mono-combustion of coal, co-combustion of coal and meat and bone meal (MBM), and mono-combustion of MBM were characterized. The aim of this study was to understand the ashes properties in extreme levels of substitution of coal by a residue with a high contamination of specific metals. The substitution of coal by MBM produced ashes with higher content of heavy metals. Secondly, the ashes coming from an industrial power plant working under mono-combustion(coal) and co-combustion conditions (coal+sewage sludge+MBM) were studied. The use of cofuels did not promote significant changes in the chemical and ecotoxicological properties of ashes. Fly ashes were successfully stabilized/solidified in cement mortar, and bottom and circulating ashes were successfully used as raw materials in concrete. The third step involved the characterization and valorization of biomass ashes resulting from the combustion of forestry residues. The highest concentrations of metals/metalloids were found in the lowest particle size fractions of ashes. Biomass ashes successfully substituted cement and natural aggregates in concretes, without compromising their mechanical, chemical, and ecotoxicological properties. Finally, the biomass ashes were tested as chemical agents to remove contaminants from wastewaters. The removal of P, mainly phosphates, and Pb from wastewaters was assayed. Biomass ashes presented a high capacity to remove phosphates. As fly ashes were more efficient in removing phosphates, they were further used to remove Pb from wastewaters. Again, they presented a high efficiency in Pb removal. New potential valorization routes for these ashes are now opened, contributing to improve their valorization rates.
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia - SFRH/BD/62372/2009 ; European Project “COPOWER
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Lebbar, Salim. "Valorisation biologique de co-produits de l'extraction de l'agar issu du Gelidium sesquipedale." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0082.
Анотація:
L’objectif de ce travail est la valorisation des molécules bioactives présentes initialement dans Gelidium sesquipedale. Les rhodophycées agarophytes dont Gelidium sesquipedale sont exploitées à l’échelle industrielle pour l’agar, un phycocolloïde aux propriétés gélifiantes, qu’elles contiennent en abondance. Une multitude de coproduits sont générés lors de l’extraction de l’agar. Ces derniers, peu étudiés, ne sont pas valorisés alors qu’ils constituent une source potentielle de molécules d’intérêts. En premier lieu, le process industriel d’extraction de l’agar a été adapté à l’échelle du laboratoire afin de récupérer ces co-produits dont l’analyse a montré la richesse en glucides. Ils ont par la suite été fractionnés pour isoler les oligosaccharides dont certains sont connus comme éliciteurs chez les plantes. Ainsi, plusieurs fractions oligosaccharidiques ont été obtenues avec un rendement estimé à 15,7% de Gelidium sesquipedale sec. Les fractions sélectionnées ont été caractérisées par CPG, ESI-MS, RMN et perméthylation ce qui a permis d’élucider les structures des oligosaccharides qu’elles contiennent et de révéler notamment la présence de dérivés de floridoside dont le Gal2glycérol, le Gal3glycérol et le Gal4glycérol qui sont des molécules originales chez Gelidium sesquipedale non décrites à ce jour chez les algues rouges. Une dernière partie a consisté en la mesure de l’activité élicitrice de ces fractions qui a pu être vérifiée sur des plantes de tomate à travers des mesures de marqueurs biochimiques relatifs à l’expression des réactions de défense chez la plante. En conclusion, les coproduits issus de l’extraction de l’agar représentent une source de pSDNs (phyto stimulateur des défenses naturelles chez la plante) ; ils offrent une nouvelle perspective de développement à l’industrie de l’agarThis work aims at promoting the bioactive molecules initially present in Gelidium sesquipedale. The rhodophycea agarophytes, including Gelidium sesquipedale, are used for industrial extraction of agar, a phycocolloid with gelling properties, which they contain in abundance. A multitude of co-products are generated during the extraction of the agar. These co-products have only been studied a little, hence not valued, while they constitute a significant source of molecules of interest. Firstly, the industrial agar extraction process was adapted on a laboratory scale, in order to recover these coproducts, which were subsequently subjected to an analysis, which revealed the presence of carbohydrates as major components. They were submitted to a fractionation process to obtain oligosaccharidic fractions, with a potential of elicitor activity, and a yield estimated at 15.7% of dry Gelidium sesquipedale. Also, a follow-up of co-products from batches of Gelidium sesquipedale harvested in different years from 2014 to 2016, enabled the comparison of the composition of the various co-products, depending on the year of the harvest, and thus to evaluate the variability of the initial resource. In addition, the impact of an extraction factor, being the sodium concentration, and the comparison with an industrial co-product produced by this process, were carried out. The retained fractions were characterized by GPC, ESI-MS, NMR and permethylation that allowed the elucidation of the structures of the oligosaccharides they contain, and revealed in particular the presence of floridoside derivatives including Gal2glycerol, Gal3glycerol and Gal4glycerol, which are original molecules in Gelidium sesquipedale, not described to date in red algae. A final part consisted in measuring the activity of these fractions as elicitor that could be estimated on tomato plants through measurements of biochemical markers relating to the expression of defense reactions in the plant. In conclusion, the co-products from agar extraction represent a source of pSDNs (phyto stimulator of natural defense in the plant) and give a new perspective to the agar industry
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Gotico, Philipp. "Stratégies bio-inspirées pour la réduction catalytique et la valorisation du dioxyde de carbone." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS283/document.
Анотація:
La criticité du réchauffement climatique incite à chercher des solutions pour réduire les émissions de dioxyde de carbone (CO₂). Le développement de catalyseurs qui peuvent aider à capturer, activer, réduire et valoriser le CO₂ est au cœur de ce défi. Cette thèse a répondu à cet appel en développant des mimétismes moléculaires inspirés de la Nature, dans le cadre plus large de la photosynthèse artificielle. Au début il s'agissait de suivre le parcours d'un photon de lumière visible et de déterminer comment il peut réduire la molécule de CO₂. Ensuite afin de réaliser des catalyseurs plus efficaces, de nouvelles molécules ont été synthétisées en s’inspirant de l’enzyme CO déshydrogénase (CODH) qui présente des performances exceptionnelles pour la réduction du CO₂. Enfin, une autre propriété du CODH a conduit à une validation de principe pour la valorisation immédiate du CO photo-produit dans la synthèse des liaisons amides marqués, une caractéristique courante des médicamentsThe criticality of global warming urges for the advancement of science to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the atmosphere. At the heart of this challenge is the development of sustainable catalysts that can help capture, activate, reduce, and eventually valorize CO₂. This PhD work tried to respond to this call by developing molecular mimics inspired by natural systems in the larger scheme of artificial photosynthesis. Firstly, it involved tracking the journey of a photon of visible light and how it is transformed to a reducing power able to reduce CO₂. Secondly, in search for more efficient and stable catalysts, new mimics were synthesized inspired by the exceptional performance of CO dehydrogenase enzymes (CODH) in reducing CO₂. Lastly, further understanding of CODH also led to a proof-of-concept that directly valorizes the photo-produced CO for the synthesis of isotopically-labelled amide bonds, a common motif in pharmaceutically-relevant drugs
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Seifi, Sahar. "Conception d'éco-liants et/ou éco-matériaux à partir de cendres volantes papetières et laitier moulu." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC287/document.
Анотація:
L'objet des travaux réalisés dans cette thèse concerne la mise en oeuvre d'un éco-liant à base de co-produits industriels : une cendre volante papetière et un laitier moulu, pour la fabrication de mortiers secs. Cet éco-liant a été élaboré pour remplacer partiellement le ciment comme constituant de matériaux traditionnels d'une part, et recycler en grande quantité l'un des deux déchets industriels, la cendre volante papetière tout en intégrant les notions d'économie circulaire et d'éco-conception d'autre part. La littérature fait état de nombreux travaux sur les différents types de cendres et de laitiers mettant en avant les caractéristiques, la minéralogie, la réactivité de ces cendres volantes papetières et des laitiers moulus. Ces deux coproduits avec environ 20% de SiO2 et 50% de CaO (% pondéraux), ont une composition chimique très proche de celle d'un ciment et développent des propriétés pouzzolaniques qui peuvent suppléer celles du ciment. Leur valorisation comme matériau liant est alors envisageable. Une complète connaissance des propriétés physico-chimiques, structurelles et minéralogiques de la cendre volante papetière et du laitier moulu a conduit à une étude exploratoire de formulations. Des mélanges à partir de 72% de cendres volantes papetières et de 28% de laitier moulu ont été étudiés en se référantà la formulation de base d'un mortier pour en optimiser la teneur en eau et le niveau d'énergie de compactage. Un matériel spécifique pour compacter les éprouvettes prismatiques de dimensions 4x4x16cm3 de mortier a été utilisé. L'effet de l'ajout de trois types d'activateurs i.e. chlorure de calciumCaCl2, métasilicate de sodium Na2O3Si et carbonate de sodium Na2CO3, et d'une faible quantité deciment i.e. 5% et 10% a été analysé mettant en relation la résistance mécanique et la microstructure desmélanges. Deux formulations optimales ont fait l'objet d'analyses relatives à la minéralogie, auxrésistances mécaniques à 2, 7 et 28 jours de cure, à la microstructure avec des images MEB,distributions des pores et à la durabilité. Compte-tenu des résultats satisfaisants obtenus, une approcheà l'échelle semi-industrielle de fabrication de blocs 15x15x15 cm3 à partir des deux formulationsretenues a été menée et discutée. Les premiers résultats montrent un grand intérêt pour la fabricationde pavés et de produits dérivés pour l'aménagement de zones piétonnes ou à circulation réduiteThe aim of this thesis is the development of an eco-binder based on industrial co-products : a wastepapery ash and a ground granulated blast-furnace slag, for the manufacture of dry mortars. On the one hand,this eco-binder was developed to replace partially cement as a constituent of traditional materials, andon the other hand to recycle in large quantities one of these two industrial wastes ; wastepaper fly ashwith considering all the notions of circular economy and eco-design. From literature, there are numerousand relevant research works on the different types of ash and slag, highlighting the characteristics, themineralogy, the reactivity of the wastepaper fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slags in details.These two co-products with about 20 wt.% SiO2 and 50 wt.% CaO have a chemical composition veryclose to that of a cement and develop pozzolanic properties that can replace those of cement. Theirvalorization as a binder material is then possible. A complete knowledge of the physicochemical, structuraland mineralogical properties of wastepaper fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag led to anexploratory study of formulations for dry mortars. The mixtures containing 72 wt.% of wastepaper fly ashand 28 wt.% of ground granulated blast-furnace slag were investigated with reference to the formulationof a standard mortar to optimize the water content and compaction energy level. A specific equipment forcompacting prismatic specimens with dimensions 4x4x16 cm3 was used. The effect of adding three types ofactivators i.e. calcium chloride CaCl2, sodium metasilicate Na2O3Si and sodium carbonate Na2CO3, anda small amount of cement i.e. 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% was analyzed. The relation between mechanical strengthand the microstructure of the mixtures has been detailed and discussed. Two optimal formulations wereimplemented and, mineralogy, mechanical strength at 2, 7 and 28 days of curing, microstructure withSEM images, pore distributions and durability have been considered and analyzed. Taking into accountthe satisfactory results obtained, a semi-industrial approach to manufacture 15x15x15 cm3 blocks fromthe two selected formulations was conducted and discussed. The first results show a great interest in themanufacture of blocks of pavement and derived products for the construction of pedestrian or reducedtraffic areas
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Le, Delliou Benjamin. "Design of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) based films for flexible food packaging in contact with fatty food and under frozen conditions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASB033.
Анотація:
L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de concevoir un matériau d'emballage biosourcé et biodégradable adapté au conditionnement de frites surgelées en utilisant les sous-produits de leur fabrication. Deux stratégies ont été étudiées. La première stratégie consistait à fabriquer des mélanges de polymères à base de poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalérate) (PHBV), qui peuvent être obtenus par fermentation de sous-produits. Les mélanges PHBV-poly(butylène succinate -co-adipate) (PBSA) ont été conçus dans le but d'améliorer sa mise en oeuvre ainsi que d'augmenter la ductilité du PHBV. Les deux polymères étant immiscibles, la compatibilité interfaciale devait être optimisée. La compatibilisation réactive à l'aide de peroxyde de dicumyle (DCP) a été couronnée de succès et a permis la fabrication de films PHBV/PBSA par extrusion-soufflage à l'échelle du laboratoire. L'effet du DCP sur les propriétés morphologiques, thermiques, mécaniques et rhéologiques a été évalué dans le but d'optimiser la composition du mélange à l'échelle laboratoire. Pour améliorer les propriétés mécaniques des films, le plastifiant acétyl tri-butyl citrate (ATBC) a été utilisé. L'amélioration de la résistance à la fusion et de la viscosité élongationnelle des mélanges optimisés a permis de réaliser une campagne d'extrusion gonflage réussie à l'échelle pilote en utilisant l'ATBC et un peroxyde organique alternatif LUPEROX® 101, les deux molécules étant admises pour les matériaux en contact avec les aliments. La deuxième stratégie était l'utilisation directe de déchets d'amidon et de pelures de pommes de terre. Pour cela, la caractérisation biochimique des pelures de pomme de terre a été réalisée, et le potentiel d'extraction de molécules à haute valeur ajoutée a été évalué. La possibilité de produire des pelures de pomme de terre et des matériaux à base d'amidon adaptés à la fabrication d'articles à très courte durée de vie a été étudiéeThe main objective of the present thesis is to design a bio-based and biodegradable packaging material suitable for frozen French fries using the by-products of their fabrication. Two strategies were investigated. The first strategy was the fabrication of polymer blends based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), which could be obtained by fermentation of by-products. PHBV-poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) blends were designed with the aim to increase the processability and ductility of PHBV. Both polymers are immiscible, therefore the interfacial compatibility needed to be optimized. Reactive compatibilization using dicumyle peroxide (DCP) was successful and allowed the fabrication of PHBV/PBSA films by film blowing extrusion at the laboratory scale. The effect of DCP on morphological, thermal, mechanical and rheological properties was evaluated in the aim to optimize the composition at laboratory scale. To improve the mechanical properties of the films, the plasticizer acetyl tri-butyl citrate (ATBC) was used. The improved melt strength and extensional viscosity of the optimized blends allowed to perform a successful film blowing scale-up experiment to the small pilot scale using ATBC and an alternative organic peroxide LUPEROX® 101, both molecules being admitted for food contact materials. The second strategy was the direct use of waste starch and potato peels. For that, the biochemical characterization of potato peels was carried out, and the potential of extraction of high added value molecules coming was assessed. The possibility to produce potato peels and starch-based materials suitable for the fabrication of items with very short service life was investigated
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Koçi, Rromir. "Valorisation d'un co-produit d'extraction de l'agar à partir de l'algue rouge Gelidium sesquipedale en tant que stimulateur de défenses de plantes. Caractérisation chimique et évaluation de ses propriétés en vue d'applications en biocontrôle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LIMO0007.
Анотація:
Les co-produits industriels de la première étape d’extraction d’agar (de l’algue rouge Gelidium sesquipedale) constituent au sein de l’entreprise SETEXAM des volumes importants potentiellement valorisables. L’objectif de ce travail est de démontrer qu’ils peuvent être utilisés en tant qu‘éliciteur, ou stimulateur des défenses naturelles (SDN). D’abord, la composition élémentaire du co-produit alcalin a révélé une teneur en minéraux de 44 % (Na, K éléments majeurs) avec des traces de métaux lourds, mais en dessous de la limite autorisée. Les principaux composés organiques détectés sont des glucides (12,5 %) et une fraction riche en floridoside a été obtenue. Ce composé a été identifié par une méthode originale, la CPG-MS. Le co-produit alcalin, recyclé au cours du procédé industriel, voit sa teneur en glucides diminuer avec l’augmentation du nombre de cycles. Ces co-produits, appliqués sur des plants de tomates cultivées en serre sous stress biotique, sont capables de stimuler des réponses de défense (activités enzymatiques, expression des gènes). La dose optimale (50 mg.L-1) a été déterminée ainsi que les conditions d’applications et la durée d’activation des réponses. En plein champ, les co-produits ont été testés sur vigne et sur tomate, pour leur capacité à réduire les symptômes du mildiou, ou de la cladosporiose. Des résultats prometteurs ont été obtenus comparés à des éliciteurs déjà commercialisés, en conditions de pression modérée. Le co-produit issu de la première étape d’extraction industrielle d’agar a montré une activité comme SDN et peut constituer une solution de protection des cultures permettant une réduction des pesticides pour une agriculture durable et plus respectueuse de l’environnement. Ce travail constitue une base pour un dossier d’homologation du produit qui transformerait ces co-produits de coût en ressource pour l’entrepriseThe industrial by-products of the first step of agar extraction (from red alga Gelidium sesquipedale) constitute large volumes at SETEXAM company that might be valorized. The objective of this work is to prove that they can be used as elicitor, or plant defense stimulator (PDS). Firstly, the elemental composition of the alkaline by-product revealed a mineral content of 44% (Na, K major components) with heavy metal traces, but under authorized limits. The principal organic components detected are carbohydrates (12.5%) and a fraction rich in floridoside was obtained. This molecule was identified with an original method, through GC-MS. The alkaline by-product, recycled through the industrial process, has its carbohydrate content diminished as the number of cycles increases. These by-products, applied on tomato plants grown in greenhouse under biotic stress, are capable of stimulating defense responses (enzymatic activities, gene expression). The optimal dose (50 mg.L-1) was determined together with the application conditions and time span of responses. In field, the by-products were tested on grapevine and on tomato, for their capacity to reduce downy mildew, or leaf mold symptoms. Promising results were obtained compared to already commercialized elicitors, for moderate disease pressure. The by-product obtained from the first step of industrial agar extraction showed a PDS activity and can be a solution for culture defense allowing a reduction of pesticides for a durable and environmentally friendly agriculture. This work is a base for a homologation file of the product that would transform these by-products from cost to resource for the company
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Behloul, Chakib Rafik. "Méthodes de conception de réacteurs multifonctionnels (réacteur-échangeur-séparateur) : application à la synthèse directe de DME à partir de CO₂ et d’H₂." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0249.
Анотація:
L'épuisement des ressources et l'accumulation des gaz polluants dans l'atmosphère suscitent aujourd'hui des inquiétudes grandissantes. La transition énergétique en cours nécessite que certains procédés de transformation de la matière et de l'énergie soient partiellement modifiés ou profondément repensés pour s'adapter à des conditions de fonctionnement plus durables. L'électricité et l'hydrogène bas carbone peuvent se substituer aux énergies fossiles conduisant ainsi à un mix énergétique dont l'empreinte Gaz à Effet de Serre (GES) est faible. Outre l'hydrogène, la production de carburants alternatifs et des produits à forte valeur ajoutée est une autre piste pour accompagner la transition énergétique. La recherche de procédés optimaux, durables et économiques est donc un défi majeur auquel les ingénieurs procédés sont confrontés. Le présent travail s'est ainsi focalisé sur l'intensification des procédés de transformation de la matière et de l'énergie, au travers d'unités multifonctionnelles qui exploitent les synergies entre fonctions élémentaires de transformation (réaction, transfert, séparation, etc.) au sein d'un équipement intensif. La notion de réacteurs multifonctionnels, couplant plusieurs fonctions élémentaires, a connu un réel succès d'estime lorsque des démonstrateurs historiques ont vu le jour (procédé Eastman-Kodak, etc.), mais leur implémentation ne s'est pas généralisée par manque de méthodologie de conception pratique. Ce travail porte sur l'application de certaines méthodologies d'intensification pour la compréhension et l'amélioration des performances d'un procédé mettant œuvre des réactions exothermiques équilibrées. La synthèse directe du diméthyl éther (DME) à partir de CO₂ et d'H₂ est retenue comme cas d'étude. Différentes voies exploratoires de développement du procédé de synthèse directe du DME ont été étudiées en s'appuyant sur la modélisation et la simulation. Le réacteur-échangeur de chaleur, le réacteur multifonctionnel (réacteur-échangeur de chaleur-séparateur membranaire), les procédés hybrides de briques élémentaires et un procédé plaçant le réacteur refroidi dans un environnement de procédé classique en présence d'autres opérations unitaires et de recyclages, sont étudiées sous différents angles. Différents cas et stratégies d'optimisation ont été traités qui se distinguent par les variables de décision et la méthode de résolution. Les différentes méthodologies appliquées ont permis de démontrer leur pertinence en termes de solutions obtenues et d'ouverture vers l'innovation des procédés. A l'échelle de l'équipement, l'optimisation des profils représente le cœur de la méthodologie. Les résultats mettent en évidence le potentiel des réacteurs multifonctionnels : une conversion de CO₂ par passe de l'ordre de 98%, un rendement en DME de l'ordre de 95% et une possibilité d'élimination d'une colonne de distillation sont obtenus. Dans le but d'évaluer les caractéristiques du maximum atteignable dans un réacteur multifonctionnel, un procédé hybride de briques élémentaires a été optimisé. A l'échelle du procédé, le comportement du réacteur a été étudié pour comprendre l'impact de l'intégration du réacteur dans une boucle de recyclage et estimer les effets locaux et globaux sur les multiples critères de performances. Sur la base de critères de rendement global en DME, de conversion globale de CO₂, de TRL, etc., la comparaison des différents designs a montré qu'une réduction du nombre d'équipements d'un facteur 11 est possible dans le cas du choix d'un réacteur multifonctionnelThe depletion of resources and the accumulation of pollutant gases in the atmosphere are nowadays of growing concern. The current energy transition requires that certain material and energy transformation processes be partially modified or profoundly reconsidered to fit more sustainable operating conditions. Low-carbon electricity and hydrogen can substitute fossil fuels, leading to an energy mix with a low greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint. In addition to hydrogen, the production of alternative fuels and high value-added products is another way to support the energy transition.Looking for optimal, sustainable and economical processes is therefore a major challenge that process engineers are facing. The present work has thus focused on the intensification of mass and energy transformation processes, through multifunctional units, which take advantage of the synergies between elementary functions of transformation (reaction, transfer, separation, etc.) within an intensive equipment. The concept of multifunctional reactors, coupling several elementary functions, has been a real success when historical demonstrators were created (Eastman-Kodak process, etc.), but their implementation has not been generalized, due to a lack of practical design methodology.This work focuses on the implementation of some intensification methodologies to understand and improve the performance of a process involving balanced exothermic reactions. The dimethyl ether (DME) direct synthesis from CO₂ and H₂ is considered as a case study. Different exploratory ways for the DME direct synthesis process development have been investigated based on modeling and simulation. Reactor- Heat exchanger, multifunctional reactor (reactor-heat exchanger-membrane separator), hybrid elementary block processes and a process involving the cooled reactor in a conventional process environment in the presence of additional unit operations and recycle loop are studied from different angles. Different optimization cases and strategies have been addressed which differ by the decision variables and the solving method. The different methodologies applied have demonstrated the relevance of the solutions obtained and the opening towards process innovation.At the equipment level, the profiles optimization represents the heart of the methodology. The results demonstrate the potential of multifunctional reactors: a CO₂ conversion per pass of 98%, a DME yield of 95% and the possibility to remove a distillation column are obtained. In order to assess the maximum achievable performance in a multifunctional reactor, a hybrid process of elementary blocks has been optimized. At the process scale, the reactor behavior has been studied to further understand the impact of the reactor integration in a recycle loop and to estimate the local and global effects on the multiple performance criteria. Based on various criteria (overall DME yield, overall CO₂ conversion, TRL, etc.), the comparison of the different designs revealed that a reduction of the equipment number by a factor of 11 is possible in the case of a multi-functional reactor choice
Книги з теми "CO₂ valorization":
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Simal-Gandara, Jesus, Tripti Agarwal, Mahnaz Esteki, Andrea Gomez-Zavaglia, and Jianbo Xiao. Re-valorization of Food Losses and Food Co-products. Frontier Media SA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88971-873-3.
Частини книг з теми "CO₂ valorization":
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Aspevik, Tone, Åge Oterhals, Sissel Beate Rønning, Themistoklis Altintzoglou, Sileshi Gizachew Wubshet, Asbjørn Gildberg, Nils Kristian Afseth, Ragnhild Dragøy Whitaker, and Diana Lindberg. "Valorization of Proteins from Co- and By-Products from the Fish and Meat Industry." In Topics in Current Chemistry Collections, 123–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90653-9_5.
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Németh, Károly. "Volcanic Geoheritage in the Light of Volcano Geology." In Geoheritage, Geoparks and Geotourism, 1–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07289-5_1.
Анотація:
AbstractVolcanic geoheritage relates to the geological features of a region that are associated with the formation of a volcanic terrain in diverse geoenvironmental conditions. These features include the volcanic processes, volcanic landforms and/or the eruptive products of volcanism that form the geological architecture of that region. Volcanic geoheritage is expressed through the landscape and how it forms and evolves through volcanic processes on various spatio-temporal scales. In this sense it is directly linked to the processes of how magma released, transported to the surface and fragmented, the styles of eruption and accumulation of the eruptive products. Volcanic geoheritage is directly linked to the natural processes that generated them. Geocultural aspects are treated separately through volcanic geosite identification and their valorization stages. Identification of volcanic geosites, based on various valorization techniques, have been applied successfully in the past decades to many geological heritage elements. Volcanism directly impacts societal, cultural, and traditional development of communities, hence the “living with volcanoes” concept and indigenous aspects and knowledge about volcanism can and should play important roles in these valorization methods through co-development, transdisciplinary approaches by including interconnected scientists in discussions with local communities. Elements of volcanism and volcanic geoheritage benefit of the geoculture of society so volcanic geoheritage sites are ideal locations for community geoeducation where resilience toward volcanic hazard could be explored and applied more effectively than it is done today. Geoparks within volcanic terrains or volcanism-influenced regions should be the flagship conservation, education and tourism sites for this message. Volcanism can be an integral part of processes operating in sedimentary basins. Here volcanic eruptive products and volcanic processes contribute to the sediment fill and geological features that characterize the geoheritage of that region.
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Bejarano Pérez, Jenny Viviana, Jessica Tatiana Mancera Cifuentes, Patricia Joyce Pamela Zorro Mateus, and Henry Isaac Castro Vargas. "Recovery of Phenolic Antioxidants from Isabella Grape (Vitis labrusca L.) Pomace Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide with Added Ethanol as Co-Solvent." In Towards Sustainability in the Wine Industry by Valorization of Waste Products, 45–63. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003391593-4.
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Aspevik, Tone, Åge Oterhals, Sissel Beate Rønnin, Themistoklis Altintzoglou, Sileshi Gizachew Wubshe, Asbjørn Gildberg, Nils Kristian Afseth, Ragnhild Dragøy Whitaker, and Diana Lindberg. "Erratum to: Valorization of Proteins from Co- and By-Products from the Fish and Meat Industry." In Topics in Current Chemistry Collections, 283. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90653-9_9.
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Scrucca, Flavio, Antonella Rotili, Andrea Presciutti, Francesco Fantozzi, Pietro Bartocci, and Mauro Zampilli. "Energy Valorization of Bio-glycerol: Carbon Footprint of Co-pyrolysis Process of Crude Glycerol in a CHP Plant." In Carbon Footprints, 19–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7912-3_2.
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Subramanian, Dhanya Mecherivalappil, and Sneh Lata. "Microbial Reclamation of Pulp and Paper-Making Industry Wastewater: Electricity Generation, Value Added Co-Product Recovery and Waste Valorization." In Microbial Technologies for Wastewater Recycling and Management, 211–20. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003231738-15.
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Flores, Glenda M. "Co-ethnic Cultural Guardianship." In Latina Teachers. NYU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479839070.003.0005.
Анотація:
Chapter 4 provides a window into how Latina teachers navigate their professional lives with mostly African American and Asian colleagues, students, and parents. Controlling images of school district space—in this case the schools these Latina teachers work for—influence racial positioning between Latina teachers and non-Latinos because the context of reception disadvantages Latino students, hastening their predisposition toward them. Latina teachers working in Compton—a city consisting primarily of Latino immigrants—describe having been encouraged to leave for school districts and workplaces that are not associated with the “Black underclass.” Latina teachers in Rosemead, an ethnoburb consisting primarily of Latinos and Asians, on the other hand, enroll their children there and are able to access resources the more class-heterogeneous Asian population provides. Ultimately, Latina teachers perceive undocumented Latina/o immigrants to be below African Americans and Asian Americans in local racial hierarchies as a result of the political ostracism of the first group and the valorization of the second group. This process provides the impetus for co-ethnic cultural guardianship to develop. This chapter also provides an explanation for the absence of guardianship directed toward Black or Asian students.
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Sfodera, Fabiola, and Alessio Di Leo. "Co-creation of value - Valorization of local identity through creative tourism." In The Sharing Economy and the Tourism Industry. Goodfellow Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781915097064-5117.
Анотація:
In the globalized world, businesses are increasingly linked to the service and network concepts. The paradigm shifted from a dominant logic based on physical goods to one based on service (Service-Dominant Logic) introduced by Vargo and Lusch (2004). The authors recognize knowledge and skills as the object of exchange and state that these dimensions generate benefits and value for the actors involved, defining a modern concept of value co-creation. Following the Service-Dominant Logic model and the fundamentals of Service Research and System Thinking, service logic promotes the concept of value co-creation, considering the customer as an active player in the service and able to contribute to the creation of a sustainable competitive advantage. This vision integrates the contributions of several parties in the value creation process, enabling the sharing of insights, values and resources of different actors (Vargo & Lusch, 2017).
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Yongsawatdigul, Jirawat, and Ali Hamzeh. "Bioactive Peptides from Agriculture and Food Industry Co-Products: Peptide Structure and Health Benefits." In Innovation in the Food Sector Through the Valorization of Food and Agro-Food By-Products. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94959.
Анотація:
Co-products from food processing are typically disposed or turned into low value animal feed. Proteinaceous co-products can be converted to bioactive peptides exerting health benefits, which can lead to development of nutraceuticals and functional foods. This is an effective means for valorization of these co-products. The release of encrypted peptides exhibits various bioactivities, including antihypertension, antioxidant, immunomodulatory activities among others, in vitro, and some activities have been demonstrated in vivo. Structure modification of bioactive peptides occurring under gastrointestinal digestion and cellular transport remains the important factor determining the health benefits of bioactive peptides. Understanding peptide transformation in gastrointestinal tract and in blood circulation before reaching the target organs would shed some lights on its bioavailability and subsequently ability to exert physiological impact. In this chapter, the potential health promoting properties of peptides encrypted in various sources of co-products will be reviewed based on evidence on in vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies. Structural changes of bioactive peptides under physiological condition will also be discussed in relation to its bioactivities.
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Velasquez-Orta, S. B. "Algae for wastewater treatment and biofuel production." In Algal Systems for Resource Recovery from Waste and Wastewater, 171–80. IWA Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789063547_0171.
Анотація:
Abstract Biofuels can be used for the provision of electricity, heating, and transport. Interest in biofuels has been sparked by their suitability to decrease carbon emissions and fossil fuel dependency without major modifications to our existing energy infrastructure. Microalgae grown in wastewater are a suitable feedstock to produce two of the most utilized types of biofuels: bioethanol and biodiesel. Biodiesel is obtained as fatty acid methyl esters from microalgae via a chemical reaction known as transesterification. Bioethanol is produced from biomass by microbial fermentation. So far, microalgae growing in wastewater has been characterized for containing a mixture of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. Hence, another area of interest is the use of wastewater-derived microalgae for the sequential production of bioethanol, biodiesel, and protein compounds. A biorefinery concept emerges for the generation of multiple co-products from the wastewater-derived microalgae that can maximize the use of unit operations and the valorization of microalgal biomass. In this chapter, concepts for biodiesel and bioethanol production are evaluated and a biocircular economy prospected.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "CO₂ valorization":
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Rassai, Nadia, and Noureddine Boutammachte. "Valorization of straw waste by co-firing coal and straw in swirling stabilized burner." In SCA '18: 3rd International Conference on Smart City Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3286606.3286809.
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Jiang, Dennis, Xiaomeng Wang, Dareen Hallak, Adam Leece, and Travis Hobbs. "Valorization of Duvernay and Montney flowback & produced water: CO2 mineralization and lithium extraction." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.13898.
3
Castro, Alexandra, Cândida Vilarinho, Jorge Araújo, and Joana Carvalho. "Recovery of Paper Fibers From TetraPak® Packaging: Material and Energetic Valorization of the Remaining Fraction." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38880.
Анотація:
In this study, a methodology was developed for the treatment/valorization of all the constituent fractions of TetraPak ®, proposing pyrolysis technology for the recycling of plastic and aluminum fraction, resulting in the recovery process of the paper fibers. In percentage these three elements are distributed approximately as follows: 70% of cardboard (kraft paper), 25% of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and 5% of aluminum foil [1, 2, 3, 4]. It was developed an integrated and innovative methodology that starts with the recovery of the paper fibers, which must reintegrate the production cycle of the packaging company. Followed by the valorization of the remaining fraction, this fraction consists in plastic and aluminum, and is valorized through a pyrolysis process. The pyrolysis process is an irreversible chemical modification of compounds by the action of heat and in the absence of oxygen. This technology are used for energy recovery, which causes thermal degradation of the compounds in anoxic environment, and is therefore considered an environmentally friendly technology and it is considered one of the alternative routes for treatment of waste TetraPak ® packaging [4]. The pyrolysis tests were carried out in laboratory reactor at different temperatures (between 300 and 500°C). At the end of this process the aluminum was recovered and it was produced a synthesis gas with added value. This produced gas was constituted by CO, H2, CO2 e CH4 with maximum values recorded of 5000, 3200 e 7.5 ppm e 40%, respectively. The laboratory test were confirmed by the analysis of the thermal behavior by DTA/TGA and it was confirmed that the temperature of 500°C is the most indicated for energetic valorization of the aluminum, paper and plastic fraction.
4
Vilarinho, Cândida, André Ribeiro, Joana Carvalho, Jorge Araújo, Manuel Eduardo Ferreira, and José Teixeira. "Development of a Methodology for Paint Dust Waste Energetic Valorization Through RDF Production." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71979.
Анотація:
Industrial activity of aluminum surface coating, namely by electrostatic painting with a polyester powder based resin, generates a significant array of wastes. Among these wastes, paint dust is classified as 08 01 12 on the European List of Wastes. As consequence of the inexistence of adequate treatment routes for its correct management, this waste is currently landfilled, without any energy and / or material recovery. Therefore, the development of proper waste management technologies in line with the environmental policies is imperative in order to improve the industrial competitiveness and to preserve the natural resources. In the present work, RDFs (Refused Derived Fuel) were produced, as pellets, for energetic valorization. These experimental RDF pellets were manufactured by mixing the industrial paint dust with sawdust (1.5 and 3%) and with paperboard (1.5%). They were subsequently tested on a purpose built experimental boiler and the combustion efficiency was assessed in terms of gaseous emissions and chemical composition of the bottom and fly ashes. The paint dust waste was delivered by a local surface treatment company and characterized concerning chemical, physical and eco toxicological properties, proving to be rich in Carbon (50.2%) and Hydrogen (4.73%). The obtained RDFs were characterized for mechanical durability, elemental and chemical analysis, bulk density and lower heating value. Results show that the utmost lower heating value (19670 kJ/kg) was obtained for the maximum incorporation content of paint dust waste tested (3%). Combustion trials were carried out at a fuel flow rate between 2 and 3 kg/h. The results showed that the incorporation of paint dust waste resulted in a decrease of the thermal efficiency which suggests that the air fuel ratio was not properly adjusted to the varying heat value of the fuel blend. For all the tests, the mass flow rate and the quality of the gaseous emissions were evaluated for the most relevant pollutants such as particles, SO2, TOC, CO and NOx. All parameters, except for particles in one single case, comply with strict environmental limits applicable. Samples of ashes have also been collected and their chemical composition correlated with the fusibility behavior. The results show that such levels of incorporation could be an effective process for paint dust waste management from both the environmental and energetic points of view.
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Ghosh, Saugata, Ramesh Timsina, and Britt Moldestad. "Study of gasification behavior for a biorefinery lignin waste in a fluidized bed gasification reactor." In 63rd International Conference of Scandinavian Simulation Society, SIMS 2022, Trondheim, Norway, September 20-21, 2022. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp192042.
Анотація:
Lignocellulosic biorefineries, paper and pulp industries across the globe can convert cellulose and hemicellulose parts of the biomass into higher valued products. However, lignin from biomass is an underutilized biorefinery waste. Value-added applications of lignin waste should be investigated to produce low-molecular-weight compounds as an alternative to petrochemical compounds. Valorization and lignin recovery play an important role in ‘green shifts’ for such industries. In this work, the authors performed gasification of lignin pellets obtained from one biorefinery located in Finland. A 20-kW pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed gasifier was used for the experiments. A computational particle fluid dynamics model based on a multi-phase particle in cell approach was developed for the same process. The developed model was validated against the experimental results.The experimental results showed good conversion of lignin pellets into permanent light gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane, etc. The average production of product gas and the lower heating value were 5.74 Nm³/hr and 4.95 MJ/Nm³, respectively. The average molar gas compositions obtained from the experimental study were 0.04 for CH₄, 0.16 for CO, 0.15 for CO₂, 0.13 for H₂ and 0.51 for N₂.
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Ribeiro, A., C. Vilarinho, J. Araújo, and J. Carvalho. "Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Gasification Using Different Gasifying Agents." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71268.
Анотація:
Wastes represent nowadays, one of the major concerns for modern societies and for the environment, either by the wastage of raw materials and also by the existence of poor management systems that can originate and contaminate the ground water and air, and therefore, change the environment irreversibly. Waste management policies enhance the basic principles of prevention, which are the reduction in origin, followed by its recovery through recycling or energy recovery, in order to reduce the environmental and health impacts of wastes. Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is a solid fuel made after basic processing steps or techniques that increase the calorific value of municipal solid waste (MSW), commercial or industrial waste materials. Therefore, energy production from RDF can provide economic and environmental benefits, as reduces the amount of wastes sent to landfill and allows the energy recovery from a renewable source. In this work, it was studied the gasification of RDF collected in a Portuguese company, using steam and air as gasifying agents. This study intended to evaluate the effect of temperature and different molar ratios of both agents in gas production, gas composition and mass conversion of RDF. Physical and chemical composition of RDF was determined according to EN 15359:2011. Results showed that RDF has high quality for thermal valorization being registered high values of Low Heating Value (LHV) (24330 kJ/kg), carbon content (56.2%) and volatile matter content (77.2%). Experiments of RDF gasification were performed in a laboratory scale fixed bed gasifier, under different conditions. The effect of reaction temperature was studied at 750°C and 850°C. Gasification experiments with steam were executed at S/B feeding molar ratios ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 and the ones performed with air ranging from ER 0.2 to 0.6. Results showed that, for the same operational conditions, the rise of gasification temperature improved gas production ratio (Nm3/kg RDF), gas LHV and mass conversion. Results also proved that steam gasification achieved higher LHV values compared with gasification using air in optimal conditions, 9.4 and 9.8 MJ/m3, respectively. The gasification of RDF using steam at S/B ratio of 1.0 enables the production of syngas with 51% of hydrogen (H2), 32% of carbon dioxide (CO2), 11% of carbon monoxide (CO) and 6% of methane (CH4) (in N2 free basis). The increasing of steam to RDF molar ratio, increased the contents of H2 and CO2, while the content of CO, CH4 and heating value decreased. Regarding to gas production ratio the utilization of air, especially at ER of 0.6, induced the formation of 1.5 m3 gas/kg RDF. Instead, steam gasification only allowed the production of 0.5 m3 gas/kg RDF. Mass conversion and carbon conversion achieved almost 100% in air gasification at highest molar ratio.