Дисертації з теми "Covid 19 and air pollution"
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Allen, Elizabeth. "Environmental Injustice in Massachusetts: The COVID-19 Pandemic, Air Pollution, and Other Correlating Factors." Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109161.
Повний текст джерелаThe Coronavirus pandemic has cast a new light on the intersection of environmental justice and public health, as communities of color and low-income communities have experienced greater rates of infection and mortality due to the Covid-19 pandemic. These inequalities can be attributed to a multitude of injustices. I investigate the impact that air pollution has had on COVID-19 incidence within Massachusetts, while also investigating other possible correlating factors. I use a regression model to consider the impact of air pollution, population density, race, income, age, and education on COVID-19 positivity rates in Massachusetts. In this study, I found that air pollution, population density, and the percentage of Hispanic population in a given community were all statistically significant in a linear regression model. Further research would be needed to investigate whether the coefficient on Hispanic population is conclusive. It is possible that the significant coefficient is picking up variables that are not included in this regression, namely the percentage of essential workers or access to healthcare
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: Environmental Studies
Cruvinel, Brandao Fonseca Marinho Rayssa. "Atmospheric Pollutant Levels in Southeast Brazil During COVID-19 Lockdown: Combined Satellite and Ground-based Data Analysis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102026.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
This study aims to explore satellite data applied to the lockdown context resultant from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Satellite data usage in air quality management is yet to be explored to its full potential. Two highly populated states were chosen: Sao Paulo (SP) and Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Local governments have been imposing limitations on private and public vehicle circulation, inducing a decrease in atmospheric pollutant levels, specifically nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which is directly emitted to the air by fuel combustion. NO2 is also short-lived in the atmosphere, so its variation within days can be easily captured. PM2.5, a category of fine inhalable particles, can be produced by wildfires, in addition to fuel burning and mechanical processes such as resuspension by cars. Here we retrieved daily NO2 vertical column densities for the month of May within the 2015-2020 years from the OMI instrument onboard of NASA's Aura satellite. Ground daily NO2 and PM2.5 measurements were also collected from local environmental agencies. Results showed an average 42% decrease of the NO2 column values in SP in 2020 compared to 2015-2019. The decrease was 49.6% in RJ for the same timeframe. Correspondent surface data showed a decrease of 13.3% (p-value = 0.099) and 18.8% (p-value = 0.077) during 2020 compared to 2019 in SP and RJ stations, respectively. No significant divergence in PM2.5 values was found between 2019 and 2020. Finally, weather data was added to the pollutant analysis. PM2.5 concentrations were associated with wildfires, while the NO2 levels found in 2020 for SP and RJ were attributed to local lockdown decrees. Satellite retrievals showed significant potential in filling out ground datasets, correlating with the SP and RJ surface data in 77% and 53%, respectively.
Фисина, Костянтин Анатолійович, and Kostiantyn Anatoliyovich Fysyna. "COVID-19 air transportation strains." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50777.
Повний текст джерелаAround 58% of tourists arrive at their destination by air and the stop in air traffic has created a massive negative effect on that industry as well. Over $630 billion in reduced GDP benefits from air travel-related tourism will be matched with 26.4 million jobs lost. But tourism in a wider sense is also very hard-hit, with analysis suggesting the pandemic could translate into a drop of 850 million to 1.1 billion international tourists and a loss of $910 billion to $1.2 trillion in export revenues from tourism, putting 100 to 120 million direct tourism jobs at risk.
Близько 58% туристів прибувають до місця призначення повітряним транспортом і зупинкою в повітрі транспорт також створив значний негативний вплив на цю галузь. Понад 630 мільярдів доларів у зменшенні ВВП вигоди від туризму, пов'язаного з повітряними подорожами, будуть відповідати 26,4 мільйона втрачених робочих місць. Але туризм у ширшому розумінні також дуже постраждалий, якщо аналізувати припускаючи, що пандемія може призвести до падіння від 850 до 1,1 мільярда міжнародних туристів та втрати від експорту від 910 млрд. до 1,2 трлн. доларів туризму, піддаючи ризику 100-120 мільйонів прямих туристичних робочих місць.
Liu, Liqun. "Health effects of air pollution and meteorology." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-146119.
Повний текст джерелаПобоченко, Леся Миколаївна, Леся Николаевна Побоченко та Lesia Pobochenko. "Вплив COVID-19 на авіаційні перевезення в світі". Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53173.
Повний текст джерелаИсследовано влияние COVID-19 на авиационные перевозки в мире (международные и внутренние перевозки). Проанализировано региональное распределение международных авиапассажиров в мире в контексте пандемии COVID-19.
The impact of COVID-19 on air transportation in the world (international and domestic transportation) has been studied. The regional distribution of international air passengers in the world in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is analyzed.
Neupane, Maniraj. "Cardio-respiratory health of women exposed to household air pollution in rural Nepal." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-180975.
Повний текст джерелаBobba, Srinivas. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Urban Air Quality: A Machine Learning Approach." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för information och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37493.
Повний текст джерелаHampel, Regina. "Environmental effects and gene-environment interactions: air pollution and temperature effects on cardiovascular risk factors." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-138583.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Chuang. "Exposure to ambient air pollution and noise in relation to adverse health effect in children." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-173416.
Повний текст джерелаFrühere Studien haben über die gesundheitsschädigende Wirkung von Luftschadstoffen und Lärm berichtet. Allerdings betrachteten viele bislang publizierte Studien Erwachsene oder die ältere Bevölkerung. Kinder und im Speziellen die gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen von Lärm, sowie die gemeinsame Wirkung von Luftschadstoffen und Lärm wurden hingegen bislang nur wenig untersucht. Das ist ein Ziel der vorliegenden Promotionsschrift. Zusätzlich haben wir Gesundheitsgrößen betrachtet, die bisher wenig erforscht wurden. In unserer Studie haben wir die Assoziationen zwischen Luftschadstoffen und Lärmbelastung und Blutdruck und exhaliertem Stickstoffmonoxid (eNO) bei Kindern im Schulalter untersucht. Wir konnten dabei auf Daten von zwei großen deutschen Geburtskohorten zurückgreifen. Die Lärmbelastung innerhalb eines Umkreises von 50m um die Wohnadresse jedes Studienteilnehmers wurde anhand von Lärmpegelkarten im Geographischen Informationssystem modelliert. Schätzungen der mittleren jährlichen Konzentration von Luftschadstoffen an der jeweiligen Wohnadresse wurden anhand von „land use regression“ Modellen berechnet. Kurzzeit-Konzentrationen von Luftschadstoffen wurden mit Hilfe von Hintergrund Monitoring Stationen gesammelt. Informationen zu Blutdruck und eNO wurden während einer körperlichen Untersuchung beim Follow-up der Kohorten im Alter von 10 Jahren gemessen. Wir haben die Auswirkungen von Luftschadstoffexposition und Lärmbelastung auf die Gesundheit von Kindern unter drei verschiedenen Aspekten betrachtet. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Verkehrslärm und Blutdruck wurde bei 605 Kindern untersucht und die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass ein höherer Mindestpegel des gewichteten Tag-Abend-Nacht Lärmes und des Lärmes während der Nachtzeit um die Wohnung den Blutdruck der Kinder erhöhen könnte. Auf Grund dieser Erkenntnis haben wir eine zweite Auswertung durchgeführt um den gemeinsamen Zusammenhang zwischen Luftschadstoffbelastung und Lärm mit Blutdruck zu untersuchen und haben festgestellt, dass die Luftschadstoffexposition nach einer Adjustierung für Lärm nicht konsistent mit Blutdruck assoziiert war. Darüber hinaus wurden die Auswirkungen der Luftverschmutzung auf das eNO bei 1985 Kindern untersucht. Dabei wurde ein signifikanter, positiver Zusammenhang zwischen Kurzzeit-, jedoch nicht zwischen Langzeitexposition mit Luftschadstoffen und eNO beobachtet. Zusammenfassend lässt sich festhalten, dass unsere Studie weitere epidemiologische Erkenntnisse über die negativen gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen von Luftverschmutzung und Lärm bei Schulkindern geliefert hat. Insbesondere wird damit betont, dass Luftschadstoffe und Lärm wechselseitige Störgrößen in Assoziationen darstellen können. Allerdings sind weitere Studien notwendig, um gesundheitliche Auswirkungen von Luftschadstoffen auf die Knochenumsatzrate bei Kindern abschließend beurteilen zu können.
Шевченко, Юлія Вікторівна, Yuliya Viktorivna Shevchenko та Катерина П’ятницька. "Проблеми і перспективи розвитку авіаційних перевезень та технологій під час пандемії COVID-19". Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/48898.
Повний текст джерелаThe COVID-19 pandemic is an infectious disease caused by the latest virus in the coronavirus family. The outbreak occurred in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei, China, and was recognized by the WHO as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. In contrast to passenger traffic, cargo airlines, during pandemics, work with great efficiency. During quarantine, air freight is the most popular worldwide. In particular, some Ukrainian (and not only) airlines have redesigned a couple of their aircraft to carry cargo. For example, SkyUp Airlines, the first cargo flights, carried out in March and April - they transported mainly medical supplies. Also, Ukraine International Airlines decided to operate cargo flights with cargo in the cockpits and luggage compartment. Maximum efficiency of internal use the space of the aircraft depends on the proper packaging of cargo in containers of a certain size, their placement and securing. For example, with a free layout in the Boeing-737, you can transport a total of about 70 cubic meters and about 160 cubic meters of cargo in the Boeing-767.
Kuno, Nikita, and Нікіта Євгенійович Куно. "Analysis of airlines state during pandemic." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51106.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays we cannot imagine our life without air transportations. Transportation plays a huge role not only in everyday life, but also in the formation of the economy and gross domestic product both domestically and internationally. Air transportation is the carriage of passengers, mail, load and freight by aircraft and helicopters and all types of air transportations are classified according to the territorial sign, to objects of transportation and to direction of transportation. Air transport entered our life like no other and was able to bring dreams into reality by the safety, comfort and speed. In 2020, aviation faced problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which made adjustments to the plans of all airlines around the world. That is why the main goal of this work is to analyze how the pandemic influenced two of the best airline around the world – Lufthansa. У наш час ми не можемо уявити своє життя без повітряних перевезень. Транспорт відіграє величезну роль не тільки в повсякденному житті, але й у формуванні економіки та валового внутрішнього продукту як на внутрішньому, так і на міжнародному рівні. Повітряні перевезення - це перевезення пасажирів, пошти, вантажу та вантажів літаками та вертольотами, і всі види повітряних перевезень класифікуються за територіальним знаком, за об'єктами перевезення та за напрямом перевезення. Повітряний транспорт увійшов у наше життя як ніхто інший і зміг втілити мрії в життя завдяки безпеці, комфорту та швидкості. У 2020 році авіація зіткнулася з проблемами, пов’язаними з пандемією COVID-19, яка внесла корективи в плани всіх авіакомпаній світу. Ось чому основною метою цієї роботи є проаналізувати, як пандемія вплинула на дві найкращі авіакомпанії світу - Люфтганза.
Liu, Chuang [Verfasser], and Heinz Erich [Akademischer Betreuer] Wichmann. "Exposure to ambient air pollution and noise in relation to adverse health effect in children / Chuang Liu. Betreuer: Heinz-Erich Wichmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-173416.
Повний текст джерелаШевченко, Юлія Вікторівна, Yuliya Viktorivna Shevchenko, Руслана Володимирівна Горідько та Марина Юріївна Горідько. "Аналіз авіаційних перевезень України". Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/45127.
Повний текст джерелаВпродовж січня – вересня 2019 року 29 вітчизняних авіакомпаній загалом виконали 79,7 тис. комерційних рейсів, що перевищує показник аналогічного періоду минулого року на 3, 37%; пасажирів перевезено 10664,5 тис.чол, що на 10,2% перевищує аналогічний період 2018 року. Пасажирські перевезення здійснювали 18 вітчизняних авіапідприємств, серед яких традиційно лідером є авіакомпанія «Міжнародні авіалінії України» (зростання обсягів на 4,1 відсотка). Разом з цим, значні обсяги пасажирських перевезень виконано авіакомпаніями «Азур Ейр Україна» (зростання – на 48,1 відсотка), «Скайап» (зростання – у 4,3 раза) та «Роза вітрів» (зростання – на 10,8 відсотка). Також слід відмітити, що п’яту позицію зайняла авіакомпанія «Буковина», яка виконує пасажирські перевезення починаючи з листопада минулого року
Ansar, Shorijeh Farimah. "How will well-being insights change architecture in the post-pandemic era?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103907.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Architecture
In the early months of 2020, the World Health Organization announced a pandemic due to Covid-19 which was first reported in China. Following the WHO declaration, people were forced to be quarantined for months. The fear of the contagious airborne disease became the most important factor in determining which spaces people can safely frequent. Therefore, space became an essential component of concern during the Covid-19 pandemic and will continue to play a role in architecture thereafter. These issues are examined through the design of an assisted living facility in Oldtown Alexandria, Virginia.
Шевченко, Юлія Вікторівна, Yuliya Viktorivna Shevchenko, Руслана Володимирівна Горідько та Марина Юріївна Горідько. "Проблеми розвитку авіаційних перевезень та туризму в умовах пандемії". Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/45125.
Повний текст джерелаПоряд з іншими галузями економіки, повітряний рух вразливий до зовнішніх факторів, таких як: нафтові кризи, стихійні лиха, збройні конфлікти, терористичні атаки, економічний спад та спалахи хвороб. Здається, ці зовнішні впливи мають більш серйозний і швидший вплив на кількість повітряних перевезень, оскільки раптове збільшення відміни рейсів, посадки літаків, заборон на перевезення та перекриття кордонів швидко відчувається при менших коефіцієнтах навантаження для авіакомпаній, тоді як аеропорти втрачають неповітряні доходи.
Juma, Alexandre Sadik Vieira. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in urban mobility and air pollution in Lisbon, Portugal." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/23881.
Повний текст джерелаO presente trabalho relata os impactos na mobilidade urbana e qualidade do ar em Lisboa, Portugal, como consequência das restrições impostas para conter a transmissão do vírus SARS-CoV-2, causador da doença COVID-19, onde durante o primeiro período de emergência nacional (18-03-2020 a 03-05-2020) as reduções acentuadas nas atividades antropogénicas, nomeadamente o tráfego rodoviário, resultaram na redução generalizada das concentrações dos principais poluentes atmosféricos medidos nas seis estações de monitorização da qualidade do ar em Lisboa quando comparados ao período homólogo de 2013-2019, sendo o 𝑁𝑂2 o poluente atmosférico mais impactado com uma redução média de 54.35% nas estações de tráfego e 28.62% nas estações de fundo. Uma exceção a esta tendência foi o aumento observado na concentração de 𝑂3 de 12.89% nas estações de tráfego potencialmente devido a mudanças na relação 𝑁𝑂𝑥:COV e redução da ação de redução de 𝑂3 por reação com 𝑁𝑂 como resultado da redução acentuada da concentração de 𝑁𝑂𝑥 nas zonas habitualmente mais poluídas da cidade. Este fenómeno reforça a necessidade de medidas que mitiguem o aumento da poluição de 𝑂3 no âmbito do plano de melhoria da qualidade do ar de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo que visa a redução das concentrações de 𝑁𝑂2, nomeadamente medidas específicas de gestão de COV. O indicador de mobilidade da Google para o comércio local em Lisboa foi identificado como a atividade antropogénica mais relevante com uma correlação moderada e positiva com a concentração 𝑁𝑂2 (r=+0.54). A velocidade média do vento foi identificada como a atividade natural mais relevante com uma correlação moderada e negativa com a concentração 𝑁𝑂2 (r=-0.53). Foi treinada uma ML pipeline para prever a concentração 𝑁𝑂2 que teve como entradas os dados de atividade antropogénica, meteorológica e qualidade do ar desde Março/2020 a Março/2021, obtendo 𝑅2=0.925 no conjunto de teste. A análise de importância dos atributos identificam as variáveis antropogénicas como responsáveis por 41.19% da concentração 𝑁𝑂2 enquanto que as variáveis naturais respondem por 58.81%.
Qian, Chengzhi. "A Quantitative Study Investigating the Attitudes toward Protective Behaviors against Outdoor PM2.5 Air Pollution Among Adults Living in Nanjing City, China." Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-tgyz-4739.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, Ana Catarina Torres da. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on air quality in Portugal." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/135516.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, Ana Catarina Torres da. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on air quality in Portugal." Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/135516.
Повний текст джерелаSantos, Diogo José da Luz. "ANÁLISE DOS NÍVEIS DE POLUIÇÃO NA CIDADE DE COIMBRA EM MOMENTO DE PANDEMIA: VARIAÇÕES OBSERVADAS EM FUNÇÃO DA COVID-19 EM DIFERENTES ESPAÇOS URBANOS." Master's thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/99894.
Повний текст джерелаA poluição ambiental é um tema que ultimamente é falado com frequência, devido as alterações climáticas que o Mundo tem vindo a presenciar. Muito se fala de que forma podemos tornar o Mundo sustentável para se conseguir combater este problema – não existe planeta B. Neste caso de estudo fala-se a cerca de gases poluentes que são emitidos para atmosfera com alguma frequência. A pandemia COVID-19 que nos assola praticamente há dois anos, introduziu graves problemas na saúde e na economia, causando uma forte mortalidade ao longo deste período, mas também uma crise económica a nível mundial devido a todas as restrições impostas. No caso de Portugal numa altura em que a economia tomava um rumo crescente, a pandemia veio gerar mais problemas económicos com o fecho de praticamente todo o tipo de indústria e de comércio, bem como fortes restrições à mobilidade. Porém, a pandemia trouxe também um aspeto positivo: o decréscimo significativo da poluição. Com base em imagens satélite – Ásia, Europa ou mesmo no caso português – constatou-se a diminuição poluição em muitos territórios e cidades. Este trabalho, foca-se nesta temática – alterações nos valores de poluição em diferentes momentos da evolução da pandemia -, com a tentativa de perceber se na realidade os confinamentos que foram decretados tiveram efeito na redução da poluição. Através dos dados recolhidos em duas estações da rede nacional de controle da poluição na cidade de Coimbra (centro litoral de Portugal), - Avenida Fernão de Magalhães e outro no Instituto Geofísico da Universidade de Coimbra –, em dois setores da cidade com características bastante diferentes. Ao se definirem cinco momentos que abrangeram meses e semanas, anteriores, durante e nos pós confinamentos, onde foram analisadas as evoluções ao longo da pandemia de diferentes poluentes (PM10, CO, NO, NO2 e O3), assim como a comparação da evolução dos PM10 entre as duas estações.Tem assim como objetivo analisar em vários períodos temporais (cinco), a evolução dos valores de diferentes poluentes, tendo em consideração o modo como os confinamentos tiveram efeito positivo ou negativo nos dados recolhidos, bem como mostra o peso dos diferentes estados de tempo e dos diferentes elementos climáticos na correlação dos valores registados.
Nowadays, environmental pollution is a topic of discussion, due the climate changes that the world has been witnessing. One of them is how we can make the world sustainable in order to combat this problem - there is no planet B. In this study case, there are conversations about polluting gases emitted into the atmosphere with some frequency. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has been plaguing us for almost two years, has introduced serious health and economic problems, causing high mortality over this period, also an economic crisis worldwide due to all the restrictions imposed. In the case of Portugal, at a time when the economy was taking a growing course, the pandemic generated more economic problems with the closure of practically all types of industry and commerce, as well as strong restrictions on mobility. However, the pandemic also brought a positive aspect: the significant decrease in pollution. Based on satellite images – Asia, Europe or even in the portuguese case – a decrease in pollution was observed in many territories and cities.This work focuses on this theme - changes in pollution values at different times in the evolution of the pandemic - with an attempt to understand if in reality the confinements that were enacted had an effect on reducing pollution. Through data collected at two stations of the national pollution control network in the city of Coimbra (Portugal coastal center), - Avenida Fernão de Magalhães and another at the Geophysical Institute of the University of Coimbra -, in two sectors of the city with very different characteristics. By defining five moments that covered months and weeks, before, during and after confinement, where the evolutions of different pollutants (PM10, CO, NO, NO2 and O3) were analyzed throughout the pandemic, as well as the comparison of the evolution of the PM10 between the two stations.It thus aims to analyze the evolution of the values of different pollutants in several time periods (five), taking into account the way in which the confinements had a positive or negative effect on the data collected, as well as showing the weight of the different weather conditions and the different climatic elements in the correlation of the recorded values.
Piccinelli, Stefania. "The impact of the COVID-19 on the airline industry emerging from online comments." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/22508.
Повний текст джерелаO objetivo deste estudo é avaliar como o impacto do novo Coronavírus no setor aéreo se reflete nas preocupações dos viajantes afetados através dos comentários que eles escrevem on-line. Neste estudo, uma amostra de 639 comentários relacionados com o setor aéreo, escritos no website da União Nacional dos Consumidores da Itália, foi avaliada através de uma análise de sentimentos automática. Os resultados alcançados mostraram que a atenção dos viajantes foi sobretudo focada nas compensações, cancelamentos e COVID-19 sendo que, ao mesmo tempo, os sentimentos revelados eram confusos e imprevisíveis. Tal sugere que os consumidores podem ter de certa maneira aceite que as empresas aéreas estão a enfrentar situações insustentáveis de tesouraria e receita. Adicionalmente, todas as hipóteses, baseadas na literatura existente, foram refutadas. Assim, argumentamos que o contexto real impedem análises baseadas em assunções anteriores, sendo que é necessário desenvolver de raiz estudos relacionados com o impacto da COVID-19.
Pimenta, Filippe Borges. "NIC 36: impacto da pandemia Covid-19 na quantia recuperável das aeronaves no setor da aviação comercial europeu." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/33264.
Повний текст джерелаThe year of 2020 will be marked in history by the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 outbreak. Worldwide economies and markets have been affected by the consequences of the highly transmissible disease, particularly the aviation segment. The fear of the population to travel combined with the imposed restrictions taken by the governments to contain the spread of the contamination, such as lockdowns and borders closures, have resulted in aircrafts becoming temporarily inoperable. As a result, while many airlines went bankrupted, other became dependent of State rescue loans as the only way to turnaround and survive the crisis. The estimated losses of US$ 118,5 billion (IATA, 2020) worldwide have hit the sector due to the unprecedent market turbulence. Considering that the main activity of airlines is only possible through their aircrafts, the objective of this study consists in estimating, based on International Accounting Standard n.º 36 – Impairment of Assets, the recoverable amount of these assets in the European Union commercial aviation sector. For this purpose, a methodology that took into consideration a sample was applied. This sample consists of the Air France-KLM, the IAG, the Lufthansa and the Ryanair Groups. The assumption of Expected Cash Flows was applied, these being discounted using a discount rate. For this purpose, the Weighted Average Cost of Capital has been taken into consideration. In the present study, we presumed two distinct scenarios, one being more probable, where the recovery of the sector will occur in the year 2024, and another less probable, where the recovery will occur in the year 2027. The assumptions considered in this dissertation allowed us to conclude that Lufthansa and Ryanair Groups do not indicate any impairment loss to be recognized on the reporting date of 12.31.2021. For the IAG Group, we concluded that there could be a reversal of the impairment loss recognized in 2020. Finally, for Air France-KLM Group, we verified the need to reinforce the impairment which would amount to approximately €674M.
Mestrado em Contabilidade
Silveira, Tiago Jesus. "Equity research delta air lines, inc. - shaping a powerful industry." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/122667.
Повний текст джерелаMello, Fabiana. "EFEITOS DA CRISE COVID-19 NA CONECTIVIDADE DOMÉSTICA NOS AEROPORTOS PEQUENOS DAS REGIÕES NORTE E NORDESTE DO BRASIL." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/39475.
Повний текст джерелаMajor impacts on the demand for air transportation such as the COVID-19 pandemic tend to have long-term structural effects. Air connectivity in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil is essential for the integration with the rest of the Brazilian territory and for economic development. These regions have the lowest per capita GDPs in the country and high levels of income inequality. The regions’ airports are predominantly small and with low connectivity. In this paper, we research the comparative impact of the pandemic on large and small airports. To accomplish this, we adapted Wittman & Swelbar's (2013) Airport Connectivity Quality Index (ACQI) and calculated it for all Brazilian airports based on combined stages of regular domestic passenger routes in Brazil during two time periods: 1) Pré-COVID - 975,270 flights between October 2019 - March 2020; and 2) During COVID - 549,357 between October 2020 - March 2021. We found that larger airports, located in places with higher GDP and population, lost more connectivity quality than smaller airports. During COVID, in the Northern Region, regional and sub-regional airlines operating smaller aircraft on less dense routes introduced new regular intra-regional routes with an important socioeconomic impact. The viability of this business model in the North Region seems to result from the deficiency of other methods of passenger transport in the region. In terms of public policy, connectivity in the Northern Region would benefit from incentives to create regional and sub-regional airlines and from protecting operations from anticompetitive conduct.
Fernandes, Alexandra Marisa de Sousa Capelão Teixeira. "A importância do transporte de carga aérea em tempo de pandemia COVID-19 : estudo de caso da Emirates na rota LIS-DXB-LIS numa aplicação com a PLSR." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/12082.
Повний текст джерелаO transporte aéreo comercial é, atualmente, um setor essencial no desenvolvimento económico pois funciona como agente facilitador nas trocas comerciais e culturais entre países e representa cerca de 35% do comércio mundial (Comunicação da Comissão 2020/C 100 I/01). Em março de 2020, a Organização Mundial de Saúde anuncia o COVID-19 como pandemia, levando a que todos os países tomassem medidas rigorosas para conter o surto pandémico. As restrições foram aplicadas pelos países sem uniformidade de critérios, contudo, na indústria do transporte aéreo a decisão foi internacional e culminou com o encerramento dos aeroportos, resultando numa grave crise económica para a aviação civil. A presente investigação tem como objetivo demonstrar a importância estratégica do transporte da carga aérea em contexto de pandemia. Este estudo trata de analisar a forma como o COVID-19 influenciou o transporte de carga aérea, designadamente, na companhia aérea Emirates na rota Lisboa-Dubai-Lisboa. Para este efeito, estabeleceu-se uma relação entre as diferentes variáveis e o problema identificado, utilizando dados estatísticos trabalhados através dos Dados de Painel e do método de Regressão dos Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLSR), em virtude desta metodologia ter um algoritmo robusto e de minimizar os efeitos da multicolinearidade de amostras de reduzida dimensão como as analisadas no presente estudo. Em síntese, o cenário provocado pela pandemia COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo na indústria do transporte de carga aérea. No entanto, a Emirates ajustou a sua estratégia ao contexto pandémico com o transporte de frete na cabine de passageiros, mitigando as suas perdas durante a crise COVID-19.
The commercial air transportation is currently an essential sector for the economic development as it enables commercial and cultural exchange between countries, and it represents about 35% of the world commerce (Comunicação da Comissão 2020/C 100 I/01). In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced COVID-19 as a pandemic, prompting all countries to adopt strict measures to contain the outbreak. The restrictions were applied by countries without uniformity of criteria, nevertheless, in the air transportation industry the decision was international and led to airports closure, resulting in a serious economic crisis for civil aviation. The following presentation aims to demonstrate the strategic importance of air freight transportation during a pandemic context. This study analyses the way COVID-19 has influenced Air Freight, namely in Emirates airline on the Lisbon-Dubai-Lisbon route. For this purpose, a relationship was established between the different variables and the identified issue, based on statistical data worked through the Panel Data and Partial Least Squares Regression method (PLSR), due to this methodology having a robust algorithm and minimizing multicollinearity effects in smaller samples as the ones presented in this study. In synthesis, the scenario caused by COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact in air freight transport. However, Emirates has adjusted its strategy to the pandemic context with cargo transportation in the passenger cabin, mitigating their losses during COVID-19 crise.