Статті в журналах: "Coupler strength"

1

Kilinc, Yasin, M. Çagatay Karakan, Yusuf Leblebici, M. Selim Hanay, and B. Erdem Alaca. "Observation of coupled mechanical resonance modes within suspended 3D nanowire arrays." Nanoscale 12, no. 43 (2020): 22042–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr06659a.

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Cho, Seoungho, Myungkwan Lim, and Changhee Lee. "Study on the Bending and Joint Performances of Reinforced Concrete Beams Using High-Strength Rebars." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 21, 2021): 3482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063482.

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High-strength reinforcing bars have high yield strengths. It is possible to reduce the number of reinforcing bars placed in a building. Accordingly, as the amount of reinforcement decreases, the spacing of reinforcing bars increases, workability improves, and the construction period shortens. To evaluate the structural performance of high-strength reinforcing bars and the joint performance of high-strength threaded reinforcing bars, flexural performance tests were performed in this study on 12 beam members with the compressive strength of concrete, the yield strength of the tensile reinforcing bars, and the tensile reinforcing bar ratio as variables. The yield strengths of the tensile reinforcement and joint methods were used as variables, and joint performance tests were performed for six beam members. Based on this study, the foundation for using high-strength reinforcing bars with a design standard yield strength equal to 600 MPa was established. Accordingly, mechanical joints of high-strength threaded reinforcing bars (600 and 670 MPa) can be used. All six specimens were destroyed under more than the expected nominal strength. Lap splice caused brittle fractures because it was not reinforced in stirrup. Increases of 21% to 47% in the loads of specimens using a coupler and a lock nut were observed. Shape yield represents destruction—a section must ensure sufficient ductility after yielding. Therefore, a coupler and lock nut are effective.

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3

Daunys, Mykolas, Donata Putnaitė, and Žilvinas Bazaras. "PRINCIPLES FOR MODELLING TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES INVESTIGATION INTO THE STRENGTH AND DURABILITY OF AUTOMATIC COUPLER SA‐3 IN RAILWAY CARRIAGES." TRANSPORT 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.83-92.

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The paper presents the durability analysis of the automatic coupler in railway carriages. The loading of the automatic coupler predetermined by the weight of a train, train speed and railway relief is a time‐dependent variable. The finite element method was used for stress‐strain state calculation taking into account acting forces. In order to reduce stress concentration, the geometry of the automatic coupler's body was modified. Modelling results for different rounded radii demonstrated it was possible to reduce stress concentration up to 34%. Under maximum forces, plastic strain occurs in the automatic coupler's body. The calculation of strain and stress state in the body of the automatic coupler shows it is under a static, low and high cycle loading. Therefore, to calculate the durability of the automatic coupler, the dependencies for low cycle nonstationary stress limited loading has been proposed evaluating low cycle quasistatic and fatigue damages. In order to evaluate high cycle fatigue damage, a linear law for the summation of loading cycles has been suggested. For low cycle damage evaluation, the calculation method for the summation of fatigue and quasi‐static damages created at one loading cycle taking into account loading level and neglecting the sequence of cycles has been put forward. Thus, to calculate the automatic coupler for each specific case, it is necessary to determine the number of loading cycles at each loading level and to evaluate durability considering dependencies presented in this paper.

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4

Duan, Jie Li, En Chen Jiang, and Yu Hua Lu. "Tensile Mechanical Properties of Wood Fiber / PVC Composites." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1512.

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The influencing effects of the content of wood fiber, particle size and content of titanate coupler on the tensile properties of wood fiber (include the pine powder and the rice husk powder )/PVC composites (WPC) were investigated. The results showed that the tensile modulus of WPC are increased, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of WPC are decreased slightly when the wood fiber changed from 30 to 60( phr method) . Between 150μm and 165μm in the size of the diameter, the tensile strength of WPC increased by 11.5%, however it is increased by 5% between 165μm and 315μm. The content of titanate coupler affected significantly, the tensile properties of WPC appeared first increased and then decreased when the content of titanate coupler is increased from 0 to 3.5 shares( phr method). Added the same content of pine powder or rice husk powder, the tensile modulus and the tensile strength of WPC which filled pine powder are bigger, but the elongation at break of WPC which filled rice husk powder are bigger.

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5

Okayama, Hideaki, Takeshi Kamijoh та Taiji Tsuruoka. "Reversed and UniformΔβ Directional Coupler Optical Switch with Periodically Changing Coupling Strength". Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 39, Part 1, No. 3B (30 березня 2000): 1512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.39.1512.

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6

Liu, C. Y., L. Y. Yu, W. Tian, and J. C. Tang. "Experiments of Laser Surface Engineering for the Green Remanufacturing of Railway Coupler." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 354–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.354.

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To achieve sustainable development and to solve the question of resource recycling and environment protection, green remanufacturing should be considered in the life cycle of the used railway rolling-stock components. These invalidated components resulting from fatigue and wear, such as coupler, could be remanufactured using laser surface hardening technology as the key processing. The objective was to harden the coupler backend pinhole interface, and to repair the layer with wear and fatigue crack on the wall of pinhole. Laser transformation hardening and laser melt-solidification hardening was used to the new manufacturing process to improve wear resistance of the surface of coupler backend pinhole. Laser surface cladding was used to repair lost material area for the reason of wear or fatigue, in order to offset the geometry size and satisfy the assembly relationship, and to increase the strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of the substrate. To the E class steel, typical coupler metal, the related laser process variables and materials were test and optimized. For the sake of verification these tests, related hardening area mechanical behaviors examinations including hardness, wear resistance, impact resistance and metallographic examinations were given. The result of the examinations show that the laser hardening area joins with the substrate being metallurgic join, and the behaviors examined were equal or best than the substrate. These means that laser surface hardening technology could be applied to the green remanufacturing of railway couplers as key processing.

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7

Sun, Hua. "Optimization Design of the Composite Hub Connection Structure Based on ANSYS Software Technology." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1068–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1068.

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This article through analysing coupler's structure, involute spline's stress situation, the tooth face contact intensity, the tooth root bending strength, the tooth root shearing strength, tooth face wear ability and the external spline reverse and curving bearing capacity carry on the precise computation and the examination, simultaneously a multianalysis bulge tight joint set of structure and the correlation computation examination, has established the shaft bossing compound coupler main spare part structure type. In this article based on the shaft bossing composite construction optimization design is targeted mainly flexibility swelling ring shape to optimize the design, change that flexibility swelling ring cone-cone angle, which makes flexible swelling ring Auxiliary T-twisting greater. In the analysis, it is necessary to use the software ANSYS, through the creation of the shaft bossing composite construction of the parametrization model, a flexible swelling ring cone-cone angle of the design variables and flexibility swelling ring allowable material stress as binding conditions, bulging with flexible support ring-twisting as the objective function of T,right propeller shaft coupler hub composite structure axisymmetric analysis, contact analysis and design optimization, inflation reached a flexible support ring largest T-twisting, work stress does not exceed the allowable material stress, elastic swelling ring-cone angle of the optimal solution.

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8

Zheng, Lian Qiong, Xue Feng Cai, and Jin Ping Zhuang. "Turnover Experimental Research on Anti-Slipping Performance of Steel Pipe Joints with Swivel Coupler." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1374.

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A series Anti-slipping tests on steel pipe joints with swivel coupler were carried out in this paper. Sixteen specimens after turnover loaded, were tested to investigate the influence of variations in the Fastener tightening torque (Tr, from 20 to 40N•m), fastener turnover frequency (N, from 10 to 50) and turnover loading amplitude (△P, from 4.0 to 8.0kN) on the anti-slipping performance of steel pipe joints with swivel coupler. The experimental results showed that, the anti-slipping ultimate strength and stiffness of specimens were increased first and then decreased with increasing Tr or N, and decreased with increasing △P. The swivel coupler turnover should not exceed the number of 20, and the force of diagonal bracing bearing should less than 6 kN.

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9

Sun, Yening, Yao Wei, and Yi Tian. "Phenomenon Analysis and Improvement of Magnetic Shield Fringe Effect on Wireless Power Transmission of EV." World Electric Vehicle Journal 12, no. 4 (November 25, 2021): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj12040252.

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An increment of magnetic field strength inevitably appears at the shield edge if a magnetic shield is made of a soft magnetic material, and that increment becomes more serious if this shield is combined with the chassis of an electrical vehicle (EV). This phenomenon is caused by the fringe effect, which limits the transfer efficiency of the coupler for the wireless power transmission (WPT) systems of EV. This phenomenon, and its relationships with some parameters, are analyzed in this paper, and these relationships are fitted to estimate the increment for different shield structures. A magnetic shield structure to reduce the increment of the magnetic field strength and improve coupler efficiency is herein proposed. The effectiveness and correctness of the fitting curves and the advantages of the proposed shield structure are demonstrated by finite element analyses results.

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10

Li, Ya Na, Chun Yan Wang, Yong Ming Li, Ben Teng Rao, and Lin Zhang. "Strength Calculation Based on Contact Nonlinear Analysis of Coupler Bolt with Three Methods." Advanced Materials Research 1006-1007 (August 2014): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1006-1007.66.

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Bolts as the key connection parts are directly related to the safety of high-speed train. Contact nonlinear static strength of CRH (China Railway High-Speed) coupler bolt was analyzed on traction and compression load with ANSYS software. According to maximum stress of bolts was appeared on tension load, CRH bolt strength was evaluated and compared based on three methods: finite element analysis (FEA), "Verein Deutscher Ingenieure 2230 standard (VDI 2230)" and “Mechanical Design Handbook”. The results show that the axial tensile stress is much greater than the shear stress and gradually increase with three methods.

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11

Saputra, Pungky Dharma. "ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS DAN BIAYA PENGGUNAAN MECHANICAL COUPLER PADA KONSTRUKSI PIER PROYEK MRT JAKARTA CP 103." Construction and Material Journal 2, no. 3 (December 29, 2020): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32722/cmj.v2i3.3581.

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ABSTRACTThe Government of Indonesia is accelerating the development of railway infrastructures. MRT is a milestone in the development of railway infrastructures in Indonesia since 2013. The elevated construction uses a single pier structure with a main reinforcement bar diameter of 40 mm. However, the conventional overlapping connection is unsuitable; hence it used a mechanical coupler connection. This research focused on the quality and cost comparison of using a mechanical coupler as a reinforcing connection in the MRT CP 103 Project's pier construction. The variables which would be studied were conventional connection and mechanical coupler connection. There were two stages in this research: quality testing in an independent laboratory and a cost comparison analysis. The data used were primary data from quality testing results, and secondary data were the project volume and unit price. The project sample in this research was MRT CP 103 Project with Pier AP 29 as the case study. The analytical approach used was descriptive analysis by making a comparison of the two variables. According to the quality test results, the tensile strength of the reinforcement was 665.56 N/mm2 and the mechanical coupler tensile strength was 626.33 N/mm2 . According to the calculation results of the case study on Pier AP29, it was found that the price difference was IDR2,246,622 or 6.17% cheaper than conventional connection. Further analysis showed that the mechanical coupler connection with 40 mm diameter was very effective because it was cheap. This research can be used as a reference in the alternative selection of reinforcement connection.Keywords : Quality, Cost, Mechanical Coupler; Pier; MRT CP 103 ProjectABSTRAKPembangunan infrastruktur kereta api sedang dipercepat oleh Pemerintah Indonesia. MRT merupakan tonggak sejarah perkembangan infrastruktur kereta api di Indonesia sejak tahun 2013. Pada konstruksi layang digunakan struktur single pier dengan diameter tulangan utama 40 mm. Namun, penyambungan tulangan dengan sambungan konvensional dianggap tidak tepat, sehingga menggunakan sambungan mechanical coupler. Penelitian ini berfokus pada perbandingan kualitas dan biaya penggunaan mechanical coupler sebagai sambungan tulangan pada konstruksi pier Proyek MRT CP 103.Variabel yang akan diteliti adalah sambungan tulangan konvensional dan sambungan mechanical coupler. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu pengujian kualitas pada laboratorium independent dan tahap kedua adalah dengan melakukan analisis perbandingan biaya. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer hasil pengujian kualitas dan data sekunder yaitu volume dan harga satuan dasar proyek. Sampel proyek penelitian ini adalah Proyek MRT CP 103 dengan Pier AP29 sebagai studi kasusnya. Pendekatan analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan mencari perbandingan kedua variabel. Dari hasil pengujian kualitas didapat nilai kuat tarik tulangan sebesar 665.56 N/mm2 dan kuat tarik mechanical coupler sebesar 626.33 N/mm2 . Dari hasil perhitungan studi kasus pada Pier AP 29 didapat selisih sebesar IDR2,246,622 atau 6.17% lebih murah dari sambungan tulangan konvensional. Hasil analisis selanjutnya menunjukkan sambungan mechanical coupler sangat efektif bila digunakan diameter 40 mm karena murah. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan referensi dalam alternatif pemilihan sambungan tulangan.Kata kunci : Kualitas; Biaya; Mechanical Coupler; Pier; Proyek MRT CP 103.

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12

Li, Shaowei, Daojin Fan, Ming Gong, Yangsen Ye, Xiawei Chen, Yulin Wu, Huijie Guan, et al. "Realization of Fast All-Microwave Controlled-Z Gates with a Tunable Coupler." Chinese Physics Letters 39, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 030302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/39/3/030302.

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The development of high-fidelity two-qubit quantum gates is essential for digital quantum computing. Here, we propose and realize an all-microwave parametric controlled-Z (CZ) gates by coupling strength modulation in a superconducting Transmon qubit system with tunable couplers. After optimizing the design of the tunable coupler together with the control pulse numerically, we experimentally realized a 100 ns CZ gate with high fidelity of 99.38% ± 0.34% and the control error being 0.1%. We note that our CZ gates are not affected by pulse distortion and do not need pulse correction, providing a solution for the real-time pulse generation in a dynamic quantum feedback circuit. With the expectation of utilizing our all-microwave control scheme to reduce the number of control lines through frequency multiplexing in the future, our scheme draws a blueprint for the high-integrable quantum hardware design.

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13

Burnea, Francis Kirby B., Kyoung Chul Ko, and Jin Yong Lee. "Effective modulation of intramolecular ferromagnetic interaction of diradicals by functionalization of cross-conjugated coupler." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 31 (2018): 20688–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp03689f.

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14

Kurt, Efe G., Amit H. Varma, and Young M. Sohn. "Direct shear strength of rebar-coupler anchor systems for steel-plate composite (SC) walls." International Journal of Steel Structures 16, no. 4 (December 2016): 1397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-016-0096-6.

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15

TUDORACHE, Tiberiu, and Andrei MARINESCU. "CALCULUL CÂMPULUI ELECTRIC ASOCIAT UNUI CUPLOR INDUCTIV DESTINAT TRANSFERULUI DE PUTERE WIRELESS." "ACTUALITĂŢI ŞI PERSPECTIVE ÎN DOMENIUL MAŞINILOR ELECTRICE (ELECTRIC MACHINES, MATERIALS AND DRIVES - PRESENT AND TRENDS)" 2020, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36801/apme.2020.1.17.

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"Contactless or wireless power transmission has become a widespread disruptive technology. Although known for more than 100 years, it is the result of the unprecedented development of microelectronics and power electronics in recent decades. Numerous technical solutions for near-field energy transmission at different power and frequency levels are currently established: capacitive electric field transmission (CPT), inductive magnetic field transmission (IPT), multi-coil transmission and simultaneous transmission via electric field and magnetic field as a combination of the first two. The materialization of the contactless transmission is achieved in theory and practice through different types of contactless coupling circuits, generically called ""contactless couplers"". The inductive coupler can be considered as an electrical transformer in air or with open magnetic circuit in which the primary (Tx) and the secondary winding (Rx) can occupy different positions from each other depending on the application [1]. It is considered a representative element for WPT (Wireless Power Transfer) systems currently used from transferred powers of several watts to tens or hundreds of kilo-watts. To increase the transfer efficiency, the coupler works at high frequencies, of the order of kHz or MHz and in some cases has planar windings, of different shapes, made of litz wire and usually has magnetic flux concentrators [2]. Any inductive coupler is integrated into a complex transmission system, consisting of many other components [3]. In addition to the electromagnetic calculation widely presented in other works, open magnetic circuit construction produces electric and magnetic scattering fields that have a negative effect on both electrical and electronic equipment in the vicinity and on human health if the exposure exceeds certain thresholds. These thresholds are indicated by international standards and requirements [4-5] achieved by applying the precautionary principle [6] so that they can be reviewed periodically and are not mandatory unless they are taken over in national law. In this paper we analyze by the finite element method, in approximate 2D, the electric field produced by an inductive coupler in various simplified construction variants and calculate certain related quantities of practical importance such as: electric field distribution in the field of calculation, electric field strength in the vicinity of the inductive coupler, equipotential lines, reactive power, equivalent capacities."

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16

Deng, Xida, Ge Dong, Xuan Dai, and Jinxiang Deng. "Compact Full Ka-Band Waveguide Directional Coupler Based on Rectangular Aperture Array with Stairs." Micromachines 12, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12070745.

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This article presents a compact 3 dB waveguide directional coupler with full waveguide bandwidth. It consists of a pair of rectangular waveguides with stairs structures in the coupling region. The waveguides are placed parallel to each other along their broad wall, which has a rectangular aperture array. The compact size, broad bandwidth, good in-band coupling flatness, and good return loss are achieved by using the proposed structure. For verification purposes, a prototype of the proposed coupler was designed, manufactured, and measured. The experimental results show that over the full waveguide bandwidth a return loss of input port better than 17.46 dB, coupling strength varying between −2.74 dB and −3.80 dB, power-split unbalance within 0.76 dB, and an isolation better than 20.82 dB were obtained. The length of the coupling region was only 15.82 mm.

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17

Stawska, Hanna Izabela, and Maciej Andrzej Popenda. "A Dual Hollow Core Antiresonant Optical Fiber Coupler Based on a Highly Birefringent Structure-Numerical Design and Analysis." Fibers 7, no. 12 (December 7, 2019): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7120109.

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With the growing interest in hollow-core antiresonant fibers (HC-ARF), attributed to the development of their fabrication technology, the appearance of more sophisticated structures is understandable. One of the recently advancing concepts is that of dual hollow-core antiresonant fibers, which have the potential to be used as optical fiber couplers. In the following paper, a design of a dual hollow-core antiresonant fiber (DHC-ARF) acting as a polarization fiber coupler is presented. The structure is based on a highly birefringent hollow-core fiber design, which is proven to be a promising solution for the purpose of propagation of polarized signals. The design of an optimized DHC-ARF with asymmetrical cores is proposed, together with analysis of its essential coupling parameters, such as the extinction ratio, coupling length ratio, and coupling strength. The latter two for the x- and y-polarized signals were ~2 and 1, respectively, while the optical losses were below 0.3 dB/cm in the 1500–1700 nm transmission band.

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18

Trachtenberg, S., and D. J. DeRosier. "The three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated left- and right-handed forms of bacterial flagellar filaments from an identical serotype." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100143110.

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The bacterial cell is propelled through the liquid environment by means of one or more rotating flagella. The bacterial flagellum is composed of a basal body (rotary motor), hook (universal coupler), and filament (propellor). The filament is a rigid helical assembly of only one protein species — flagellin. The filament can adopt different morphologies and change, reversibly, its helical parameters (pitch and hand) as a function of mechanical stress and chemical changes (pH, ionic strength) in the environment.

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Sasaki, Kazuhiko, Jutamat Pinitlertsakun, Pakwan Nualnim, Gary Guerra, Yuttapichai Sansook, Supachai Kaewdoung, Suttinun Chotirossukon, et al. "The reversible adjustable coupling: A lightweight and low-cost alignment component for the lower limb prosthesis." Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 4 (January 2017): 205566831770642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055668317706427.

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Background The alignment of the lower limb prosthesis is an integral part of the prosthetic fitting. A properly aligned prosthesis contributes to optimal gait and overall function of the patient. The current offering of alignment componentry is expensive for low-income countries. The purpose of this study was to develop a lightweight and low-cost alignment coupler for the lower limb prosthesis. Methods An alignment coupler called the reversible adjustable coupling was designed and manufactured. Measurements of total anterior/posterior and medial/lateral and rotation in prostheses were recorded and mechanical testing performed. Swiftness and difficulty of use was also recorded. Results The reversible adjustable coupling permitted acceptable ranges of anterior/posterior and medial/lateral translation and 30° of internal and external rotation of prosthetic componentry. Repetitive loading of the coupling at a speed of 1 Hz under 1.28 kN load for 2000 cycles was successful, as were static and strength tests. Discussion The coupler provided acceptable ranges of anterior/posterior and medial/lateral and rotation adjustment and is acceptable for potential use in the alignment of both exoskeletal and endoskeletal prosthesis. The final weight of the component was 166 g and cost of $55.00 USD is affordable for low-income countries for use in clinical and educational settings.

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Kim, Junwoo, Jeonghun Song, and Jeongseo Koo. "Research on Fatigue Strength Assessment and Improvement of Coupler for Urban Railway Vehicles due to Manufacturing Defects." Journal of the Korean Society for Railway 24, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7782/jksr.2021.24.2.156.

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Zheng, Yong Feng, Zheng Xing Guo, and Ming Xie. "Behaviour of Grout-Filled Splice under Monotonic and Cyclic Loads." Advanced Materials Research 1079-1080 (December 2014): 322–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1079-1080.322.

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Grout-filled mechanical splice system is one of the most important technologies for precast construction. However, due to the high cost of grouted sleeve in Chinese construction market, the implementation of this technology is hindered. In this study, a new type of grouted sleeve was developed with standard seamless steel pipe by cold rolling depression. Utilizing this sleeve, eight coupler specimens were prepared and tested under incremental tensile load and cyclic load. The results indicate that all the specimens provided satisfactory behaviour of which the ultimate tensile strength exceeded the required loading capacity specified in ACI318 and JGJ107. The inner cavity configuration of the grouted sleeve has great influence on the confining mechanism of the splice and on the strain distribution in the sleeve. Because the compressive strength of grout is greatly higher than its tensile strength, the slope of the load-strain response curve of the sleeve under tensile load is lower than it under compressive load.

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22

Lu, Zheng Ran, Xiao Min Sui, and Zhi Hua Chen. "Bearing Capacity of Fastener Steel Tube Full Hall Formwork Support Base on Stability of Pressed Pole with Multiple Point Restraint against Rotation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1404–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1404.

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Through advanced non-linear finite element models in different geometric parameters that considering the semi-rigid character of the couplers, the critical loads and failure modes of many fastener steel tube full hall formwork supports (FFS) with and without bridging were evaluated. Thirteen FFS specimens were tested to failure in order to examine the stability behavior and failure modes of them. The finite element analysis (FEA) results were well consistent with those of the test what could prove its validity. On the basis of FEA and experimental research, simplified models and corresponding calculation formulas were established for the FFS under uniform load through choosing different buckling modes, which were verified by the experimental and analytical results and turned out to be accurate enough in predicting the strength. The simplified models presented here considering the semi-rigid character of right-angle coupler, effect of adjacent horizontal tube which provided a very useful reference for the industry as well as academia for design and future research.

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23

Wu, Jin, Hai Quan Guo, and Da Sen Bi. "Study on the Microstructure of Thermoforming." Advanced Materials Research 1095 (March 2015): 911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1095.911.

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Thermoforming is a typical process to manufacture ultra-high strength steel sheet in auto industry. 22 MnB5 type is the widely used sheet. This paper uses thermal coupler software Pam-stamp 2011 to simulate the thermoforming of 22 MnB5 steel sheets. Get the temperature field distribution of thermoforming parts and martensite content. In addition, it discusses the thermal forming experiment process. Test the contents of thermoforming parts such as tensile strength, vickers hardness and so on. The experimental results show that in the components of this experiment, the hardness of the side wall is higher than other places. In the analysis of the microstructure, we can see that the thermal forming components are of martensite structure. Seen from the results of the simulation, they are consistent with the data from the experiment.

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Sugimoto, Y., Y. Tanaka, N. Ikeda, T. Yang, H. Nakamura, K. Asakawa, K. Inoue, et al. "Design, fabrication, and characterization of coupling-strength-controlled directional coupler based on two-dimensional photonic-crystal slab waveguides." Applied Physics Letters 83, no. 16 (October 20, 2003): 3236–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1619209.

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25

Matsumura, H., M. Kawahara, T. Tanaka, and M. Atsuta. "A New Porcelain Repair System with a Silane Coupler, Ferric Chloride, and Adhesive Opaque Resin." Journal of Dental Research 68, no. 5 (May 1989): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345890680051201.

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A new porcelain repair system was developed which uses a two-liquid primer, self-cured opaque resin, and light-cured composite. The primer consisted of two liquids. One component was 4% 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate in methyl methacrylate, and the other component was 0.5% ferric chloride in ethanol. A self-curing opaque resin, 4-META/MMA-TBB opaque resin, was used as an adhesive to bind the porcelain and the composite. Adhesive opaque resin was applied on the roughened and primed porcelain. Light-cured composite was placed over the 4-META opaque layer. A shear test was performed for investigation of the strength and durability of the bonding. The result was that for all specimens after 20,000 thermocycles, fracture or crack propagation during the shear test occurred in the porcelain, rather than in the bond. This system may be used to repair fractured porcelain facings without removal of prostheses.

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26

Muñoz, Martha M., Philip S. L. Anderson, and S. N. Patek. "Mechanical sensitivity and the dynamics of evolutionary rate shifts in biomechanical systems." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1847 (January 25, 2017): 20162325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2325.

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The influence of biophysical relationships on rates of morphological evolution is a cornerstone of evolutionary theory. Mechanical sensitivity—the correlation strength between mechanical output and the system's underlying morphological components—is thought to impact the evolutionary dynamics of form–function relationships, yet has rarely been examined. Here, we compare the evolutionary rates of the mechanical components of the four-bar linkage system in the raptorial appendage of mantis shrimp (Order Stomatopoda). This system's mechanical output (kinematic transmission (KT)) is highly sensitive to variation in its output link, and less sensitive to its input and coupler links. We found that differential mechanical sensitivity is associated with variation in evolutionary rate: KT and the output link exhibit faster rates of evolution than the input and coupler links to which KT is less sensitive. Furthermore, for KT and, to a lesser extent, the output link, rates of evolution were faster in ‘spearing’ stomatopods than ‘smashers’, indicating that mechanical sensitivity may influence trait-dependent diversification. Our results suggest that mechanical sensitivity can impact morphological evolution and guide the process of phenotypic diversification. The connection between mechanical sensitivity and evolutionary rates provides a window into the interaction between physical rules and the evolutionary dynamics of morphological diversification.

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27

Lovska, Alyona, Oleksij Fomin, Pavel Kučera, and Václav Píštěk. "Calculation of Loads on Carrying Structures of Articulated Circular-Tube Wagons Equipped with New Draft Gear Concepts." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 7441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217441.

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This article deals with the dynamic load and strength of the carrying structures of articulated circular-tube wagons. The study was conducted on the carrying structures of wagons equipped with new draft gear concepts. The accelerations on the carrying structures of wagons were determined using mathematical modeling. The results of modeling show that implementation of the draft gear concept can decrease the dynamic load of wagons by about 10% in comparison with that of a typical SA-3 coupler. Using the created computational models, the service life of the structure of the proposed articulated wagons was also determined. This research will encourage engineers to design modern structures of railway vehicles of higher operational efficiency.

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28

Jung. "An Integrated Photonic Electric-Field Sensor Utilizing a 1 × 2 YBB Mach-Zehnder Interferometric Modulator with a Titanium-Diffused Lithium Niobate Waveguide and a Dipole Patch Antenna." Crystals 9, no. 9 (September 2, 2019): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9090459.

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We studied photonic electric-field sensors using a 1 × 2 YBB-MZI modulator composed of two complementary outputs and a 3 dB directional coupler based on the electro-optic effect and titanium diffused lithium–niobate optical waveguides. The measured DC switching voltage and extinction ratio at the wavelength 1.3 μm were ~16.6 V and ~14.7 dB, respectively. The minimum detectable fields were ~1.12 V/m and ~3.3 V/m, corresponding to the ~22 dB and ~18 dB dynamic ranges of ~10 MHz and 50 MHz, respectively, for an rf power of 20 dBm. The sensor shows an almost linear response to the applied electric-field strength within the range of 0.29 V/m to 29.8 V/m.

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29

Shyu, Jenq Huey, Ching Kong Chen, Cheng Chi Yu, and Yi Jhong Luo. "Research and Development of an Adjustable Elliptical Exerciser." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 2078–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.2078.

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This paper presents a novel design of adjustable elliptical exerciser, which can adjust both stride and inclined angle. Firstly, we use a selected coupler curve of four-bar linkage to design a six-bar linkage. From the six-bar linkage, we investigate the parameters which affect the corresponding elliptical path and its inclined angle. By considering the way of adjusting the inclined angle, the final design becomes a 2-DOF seven-bar-eight-joint linkage. We use SolidWorks software to design this novel elliptical exerciser, and use CAE software to check the stresses and strains to ensure the strength of the members of this design. The prototype of this novel design of adjustable elliptical exerciser has been fabricated, and its feasibility has been confirmed.

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30

Ahn, Geun-Seon, Gig-Bong Han, Seung-Hyun Oh, Jong-Woong Park, and Cheol-Woong Kim. "Evaluation of Anastomotic Strength and in-vitro Degradability with Microvascular Anastomosis Coupler Based on Injection Molding Condition made by Biodegradable Polycaprolactone(PCL)." Transactions of the KSME C: Industrial Technology and Innovation 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-c.2013.1.2.167.

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31

Sun, Sheng Wei, Jian Lin Luo, Qiu Yi Li, and Feng Hao. "Dispersion of Chrysotile Fibers in Wood-Plastic Composite." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 4089–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.4089.

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Raw chrysotile fiber (ChF) was dispersed in water through surfactant-decoration and vibromill-shearing process. Wood flour (WF) pretreated by the coupler was added into ChF/water mixture while high-speed stirring. After oven-dry, the WF/ChF mixture was filled in polypropylene (ChF/WPC) employing hot-press molding technique. Optical microscopy (OM) was employed to observe the dispersion of ChF in both water and WPC matrix. Mechanical and flame-retardant behaviors of ChF/WPC were further studied to verify the effectiveness of dispersion method of ChF. ChF can be well dispersed in water with SDBS penetrating and vibromill treatment from OM observation. The mechanical and fire-resisting properties of ChF/WPC are improved comparing with the plain WPC, there exists 59.72% increment in flexural strength of ChF/WPC with 10% ChF addition, and 61.97% increment in flammability retardant of ChF/WPC with 15% ChF addition.

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32

Hong, Ki-Nam, Yeong-Mo Yeon, Won-Bo Shim, and Do-Hyung Kim. "Recovery Behavior of Fe-Based Shape Memory Alloys under Different Restraints." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 16, 2020): 3441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103441.

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This paper presents the experimental results of an evaluation of the recovery behavior of Fe-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) under different restraints. For the study, three types of Fe-SMA (FSMA-A, FSMA-B, FSMA-C) were produced. As a result of the direct tensile test, the yield strength of the FSMA-A specimen was nearly 34% higher than the strength of FSMA-B and FSMA-C. Under free restraint, the recovery strains are 0.00956, 0.01445, and 0.01977 for FSMA-A, FSMA-B and FSMA-C specimens, respectively, after activation when the pre-strain is 0.04, and the heating temperature 200 °C. Under rigid restraint, the final recovery stresses are 518, 391 and 401 MPa for FSMA-A, FSMA-B, FSMA-C specimens after activation when a pre-strain of 0.04 and heating temperature 200 °C. Additionally, under the rigid restraint, the effect of pre-strain on the final recovery stress was insignificant, whereas the final recovery stress increased as the heating temperature increased. When Fe-SMA was constrained during cooling, the recovery stress is 50% lower than under rigid restraint. Hence, in order to develop a large recovery stress, Fe-SMA must be constrained during heating. In addition, a method for calculating the effective confining stress of the Fe-SMA coupler for pipe joining was proposed based on the experimental results.

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33

Hassabo, A. G., A. Mendrek, C. Popescu, H. Keul, and M. Möller. "Deposition of Functionalized Polyethylenimine-Dye onto Cotton and Wool Fibres." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 18, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-18-01-2014-b006.

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Functionalized polyethylenimine–dye (FPEI) is prepared by mixing branched polyethyleneimine (PEI), in which its primary amine groups are modified at different ratios with a quaternary ammonium coupler (QI), and reactive dyestuff (RD) (QI/RD = 0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 60/40 and 80/20 mole/mole %). The deposition of FPEI from an aqueous solution onto the surface of cotton and wool fibres is studied. The adsorption of a charged polymer from an aqueous medium by cotton and wool fibres is investigated at different pH values, and the uptake of colour on fibres is measured by Datacolor and UVVIS spectrophotometers. The study of the kinetics of adsorption shows that pseudo-first-order kinetics provide the best correlation of the experimental data. The equilibrium data indicate that the deposition process onto both cotton and wool follows the Langmuir isotherm. In terms of colour strength (K/S value) the coated fibres compare well with those dyed with a commercial dyestuff, C.I. Basic Red 51, which suggests that the coating is a good alternative to classical dyeing.

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34

Song, Xiaokang, Liangtao Hou, Xiangyu Wei, Hang Su, Chang Li, Yan Li, and Lingling Ran. "High Sensitivity Fiber Gas Pressure Sensor with Two Separated Fabry–Pérot Interferometers Based on the Vernier Effect." Photonics 9, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9010031.

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A high sensitivity optical fiber gas pressure sensor based on paralleled Fabry–Pérot interferometers (FPIs) was demonstrated. One micro-cavity FPI is used as a reference FPI (FPI-1) to generate a Vernier effect and the other FPI (FPI-2) is used as a sensing tip. Both FPIs are connected by a 3-dB coupler to form a paralleled structure. The FPI-1 was fabricated by fusion splicing a piece of hollow core fiber (HCF) between two sections of single-mode fibers (SMF), whereas FPI-2 was formed by fusion splicing a section of HCF between SMF and a piece of HCF with a slightly smaller inner diameter for sensing pressure. The gas pressure sensitivity was amplified from 4 nm/MPa of single FPI to 45.76 nm/MPa of paralleled FPIs with an amplification factor of 11.44 and a linearity of 99.9%. Compared with the traditional fiber gas pressure sensors, the proposed sensor showed great advantages in sensitivity, mechanical strength, cost, and temperature influence resistant, which has potential in adverse-circumstance gas pressure sensing.

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35

Wickrama, Kandauda A. S., Eric T. Klopack, Catherine Walker O’Neal, and Tricia Neppl. "Patterning of midlife marital trajectories in enduring marriages in a dyadic context: Physical and mental health outcomes in later years." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 37, no. 5 (January 22, 2020): 1472–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407519899726.

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The current study, using prospective data over 25 years (1991–2015; N = 245 couples), investigates life course dyadic patterns of positive and negative marital trajectories (i.e., marital strength and strain, respectively) in middle-aged husbands and wives and an array of physical and mental health outcomes associated with these patterns. Spousal warmth, spouse’s constructive conflict resolution, and couple’s joint participation were used as indicators of marital strength, whereas spousal hostility, spouse’s destructive conflict resolution, and marital instability were used as indicators of marital strain. Four dyadic latent classes with heterogeneous trajectory patterns were identified using husbands’ and wives’ concurrent strength and strain marital trajectories (1991–2001), including a couple stable and moderately favorable group, a couple stable and highly favorable group, a couple stable and husband more favorable than wife group, and a husband improving with wife slightly worsening group. The best health outcomes in 2015 were generally reported by members of the couple stable and highly favorable group, whereas the worst health outcomes were found, on average, for members of the husband improving with wife slightly worsening group. Based on these findings, interventions should promote and develop resiliency factors, thereby aiding in the redirection or improvement of middle-aged spouses’ marital trajectories, which can reduce detrimental positive–negative imbalances in marital strength and strain.

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36

Côté-Arsenault, Denise, and Erin Denney-Koelsch. "“Love Is a Choice”: Couple Responses to Continuing Pregnancy With a Lethal Fetal Diagnosis." Illness, Crisis & Loss 26, no. 1 (November 15, 2017): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054137317740798.

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While it is known that couples experience pregnancy differently from one another, the circumstance of continuing pregnancy after learning of a lethal fetal diagnosis has received little attention. This longitudinal, naturalistic study of 16 mothers and 14 spouses/partners aimed to describe pregnant couples’ responses and relationships in continued pregnancy with lethal fetal diagnosis and to examine similarities and differences within those couple responses. Individual and joint interviews with parents were conducted across pregnancy, birth, and death of the baby. Within and across couple analysis was performed. Three categories emerged (Pregnant vs. Not Pregnant; Individual Responses to Adversity; Strength of the Couple Relationship) with 12 themes. Findings indicate that individual responses to these stressful pregnancies were inherent in who was physically pregnant, choosing whether to love and embrace the unborn baby, personal characteristics, and the strength of the couple relationship. Care providers should assess couple dynamics. Couples with committed relationships, shared decision-making, and mutual support fared the best in the aftermath of their baby’s death.

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37

Kisała, Piotr. "Metrological conditions of strain measurement optoelectronic method by the use of fibre bragg gratings." Metrology and Measurement Systems 19, no. 3 (October 1, 2012): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10178-012-0040-9.

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Abstract This article presents a linear strain measurement method insensitive to temperature variations and using fibre Bragg gratings. Two Bragg gratings were applied with periods selected to obtain partial coverage of their spectrum characteristics. One of the gratings was subjected to a tension strength. Placing both gratings in one thermal chamber allowed - through ensuring the same thermal conditions - to obtain insensitivity of the entire scheme to temperature variations. The gratings were recorded on the same optical fibre and reacted to temperature variations in the same degree. Value of strain was indicated based on the transmission spectrum characteristic of two grating schemes. The use of transmission, not reflectance, characteristics of the gratings allowed for a direct measurement of the spectrum, without having to use a coupler or optical circulators, and at the same time, this allowed to simplify the strain detection scheme. We proposed applying the continuous wavelet transform with characteristics of the spectrum scheme of two gratings for improvement of static properties. Especially, the thermal linearity and stability of the sensor was improved. For a strain range up to 750 μe, the non-linearity error of processing characteristic obtained was 0.45%. Thermal stability of the scheme proposed was defined as relative sensitivity of the power to temperature variations. The mean value of such relative sensitivity of the scheme proposed in the temperature scope of 21ºC-95ºC, amounted to 0.195.

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38

Elgemeie, G. H., K. A. Ahmed, E. A. Ahmed, M. H. Helal, and D. M. Masoud. "Synthesis of novel tetrasubstituted thiophenes based dye using sodium a-cyanoketene dithiolates as starting materials." Pigment & Resin Technology 44, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-12-2014-0117.

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Purpose – The study aims to synthesise new thiophene-based dyes by an efficient method using sodium a-cyanoketene dithiolates as starting components for synthesis of tetra-substituted thiophenes, which act as a coupler for the synthesised dye. The synthesised dyes are applied for printing polyamide and polyester fabrics using the screen printing technique. Design/methodology/approach – Treatment of 1 with carbon disulfide in alkaline medium forming disodium salt 2, which act as starting point for heterocyclisation to prepare these dye stuff 7. Sodium a-cyanoketene dithiolates 2 react with two moles of phenacyl bromide derivatives, forming alkylsulfanylthiophenes which react with the diazonium salt, forming the target dyestuff. These prepared dyes are used to print polyamide and polyester fabrics by using a synthetic thickener in the printing paste using screen-printing techniques. Findings – The structure of synthesised dyes were established and confirmed for the reaction products on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR). The suitability of the prepared dyestuffs for screen printing on polyamide and polyester fabrics has been investigated. The prints obtained from dyes possess high colour strength as well as excellent overall fastness properties. Research limitations/implications – The diazo coupling reaction of the starting tetra-substituted thiophene 5 with diazotised aromatic amines resulted in the formation of the corresponding dye. The synthesised dyes were utilised in preparing a paste for polyester and polyamide fabric printing. In addition, both of the variations of the substituents on the synthesised dyes and the fastness properties were also studied. Practical implications – The synthesised dyes are superior in terms of yield, purity, colour strength and fastness properties, which lead to valuable achievements for commercial production. Social implications – The synthesised dyes are superior for application in fabrics. Originality/value – The synthesis for novel thiophene-based dye stuff for application in printing properties on polyester and polyamide fabrics and study their fastness properties.

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39

Schultz, C. L., N. C. Schultz, and A. E. Craddock. "Toward Identification of Strategies to Strengthen the Family Unit." Children Australia 15, no. 4 (1990): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200003084.

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This study compares levels of couple agreement about positive and satisfying features of their relationship as reported by a remarried sample (n = 70) couples and a more general sample of couples largely in their first marriage or committed de facto relationship (n = 100 couples). The ENRICH inventory (Olson et al., 1982) was used with the general sample and the ENRICH-Anew inventory (Schultz & Schultz, 1987) was used for the remarried sample, thereby providing the measures of positive couple agreement, which can in turn serve as indicators for strengthening family relationships. There were no statistically significant differences between the two samples, indicating commonalities in stresses and strengths experienced by the two samples. However, there are suggestions in the data that issues related to children and parenting were subject to lower levels of agreement for the remarried couples. The comparison couples produced lower levels of agreement in the areas of conflict resolution and relating to partner's family and friends.

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40

Gao, Yanli, Jun Liu, Haiwei He, Jie Zhou, and Shiming Chen. "Multiple phase transitions in ER edge-coupled interdependent networks." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 023023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac5055.

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Abstract Considering the real-world scenarios that there are interactions between edges in different networks and each network has different topological structure and size, we introduce a model of interdependent networks with arbitrary edge-coupling strength, in which q A and q B are used to represent the edge-coupling strength of network A and network B respectively. A mathematical framework using generating functions is developed based on self-consistent probabilities approach, which is verified by computer simulations. In particular, we carry out this mathematical framework on the Erdös–Rényi edge-coupled interdependent networks to calculate the values of phase transition thresholds and the critical coupling strengths which distinguish different types of transitions. Moreover, as contrast to the corresponding node-coupled interdependent networks, we find that for edge-coupled interdependent networks the critical coupling strengths are smaller, and the critical thresholds as well, which means the robustness of partially edge-coupled interdependent networks is better than that of partially node-coupled interdependent networks. Furthermore, we find that network A will have hybrid percolation behaviors as long as the coupling strength q A belongs to a certain range, and the range does not affected by average degree of network A. Our findings may fill the gap of understanding the robustness of edge-coupled interdependent networks with arbitrary coupling strength, and have significant meaning for network security design and optimization.

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41

Park, Wan Shin, Jeong Eun Kim, Sun Woong Kim, Song Hee Yun, Nam Young Eom, and Hyun Do Yun. "Panel Shear Strength of Steel Coupling Beam-Pseudo Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite Wall Connection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 328 (June 2013): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.328.965.

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Hybrid coupled wall systems, where steel coupling beams couple two or more pseudo strain hardening cementitious composite (PSH2C) shear wall can be used in medium and high-rise construction subjected to earthquake. This paper addresses the panel shear strength of steel coupling beams - PSH2C shear wall connection. Test variables included the connection detail in hybrid coupled shear wall system. The results show that Specimens PSH2C-PSFF and PSH2C-PSFFT exhibits greater panel shears strength than Specimen PSH2C-PSF.

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42

Wasike, Adu A. M. "Synchronization and Oscillator Death in Diffusively coupled lattice oscillators." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2003): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol8iss1pp67-75.

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We consider the synchronization and cessation of oscillation of a positive even number of planar oscillators that are coupled to their nearest neighbours on one, two, and three dimensional integer lattices via a linear and symmetric diffusion-like path. Each oscillator has a unique periodic solution that is attracting. We show that for certain coupling strength there are both symmetric and antisymmetric synchronization that corresponds to symmetric and antisymmetric non-constant periodic solutions respectively. Symmetric synchronization persists for all coupling strengths while the antisymmetric case exists for only weak coupling strength and disappears to the origin after a certain coupling strength.

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43

Wu, Fan, Wenlong Zhou, Yujie Han, Xuesong Fu, Yanjin Xu, and Hongliang Hou. "Effect of Alloying Elements Gradient on Solid-State Diffusion Bonding between Aerospace Aluminum Alloys." Materials 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2018): 1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081446.

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Three different bonding couples assembled by two commonly used aerospace aluminum alloys were bonded within the temperature range of 460–520 °C under 6 MPa for 60 min in vacuum atmosphere. The interface microstructure and alloying elements distribution of the bonded joints were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscope (EDS); the bond strength was evaluated by tensile-shear strength test. The results show the bond quality improved effectively as the bonding temperature increased. Compared with the 1420-1420 and 7B04-7B04 bonding couples, the 1420-7B04 couples obtained better interface integrity and higher bond strength, the highest shear strength for 1420-7B04 couple can be as high as 188 MPa when bonded at 520 °C. Special attention was focused on the 1420-7B04 couple, the diffusion coefficient of Mg at the original interface under different temperatures were investigated, the results show the diffusion coefficient increased obviously as the bonding temperature increased. A diffusion affected zone (DAZ) without continuous intermetallic phases formed due to the diffusion of alloying elements across the bonding interface. The combined action of temperature and alloying elements gradient resulted in the increase of alloying elements diffusion fluxes, which in turn promote the bonding quality through the accelerated shrinkage of interfacial voids.

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44

Haqiqatkhah, MohamamdHossein Manuel, and Cees van Leeuwen. "Adaptive rewiring in nonuniform coupled oscillators." Network Neuroscience 6, no. 1 (2022): 90–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/netn_a_00211.

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Abstract Structural plasticity of the brain can be represented in a highly simplified form as adaptive rewiring, the relay of connections according to the spontaneous dynamic synchronization in network activity. Adaptive rewiring, over time, leads from initial random networks to brain-like complex networks, that is, networks with modular small-world structures and a rich-club effect. Adaptive rewiring has only been studied, however, in networks of identical oscillators with uniform or random coupling strengths. To implement information-processing functions (e.g., stimulus selection or memory storage), it is necessary to consider symmetry-breaking perturbations of oscillator amplitudes and coupling strengths. We studied whether nonuniformities in amplitude or connection strength could operate in tandem with adaptive rewiring. Throughout network evolution, either amplitude or connection strength of a subset of oscillators was kept different from the rest. In these extreme conditions, subsets might become isolated from the rest of the network or otherwise interfere with the development of network complexity. However, whereas these subsets form distinctive structural and functional communities, they generally maintain connectivity with the rest of the network and allow the development of network complexity. Pathological development was observed only in a small proportion of the models. These results suggest that adaptive rewiring can robustly operate alongside information processing in biological and artificial neural networks.

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45

He, Zelong, Jiyuan Bai, and Cheng Ma. "Conductance through a parallel-coupled double quantum dot with a side-coupled quantum dot system." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 09 (March 30, 2017): 1750095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984917500956.

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Using the non-equilibrium Green’s function technique, conductance through a parallel-coupled double quantum dot (PCDQD) with a side-coupled quantum dot system is investigated. The evolution of the conductance strongly depends on the coupling between the side-coupled quantum dot and PCDQD. Moreover, the conductance as a function of the level of side-couple quantum dot is investigated. Numerical results indicate the lineshape of Fano resonance can be modulated by adjusting the interdot coupling strength.

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46

Feng, Jianwen, Jingyi Wang, Chen Xu, and Francis Austin. "Cluster Synchronization of Nonlinearly Coupled Complex Networks via Pinning Control." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2011 (2011): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/262349.

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We consider a method for driving general complex networks into prescribed cluster synchronization patterns by using pinning control. The coupling between the vertices of the network is nonlinear, and sufficient conditions are derived analytically for the attainment of cluster synchronization. We also propose an effective way of adapting the coupling strengths of complex networks. In addition, the critical combination of the control strength, the number of pinned nodes and coupling strength in each cluster are given by detailed analysis cluster synchronization of a special topological structure complex network. Our theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations.

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47

Mejia, Shannon T., and Richard Gonzalez. "LATENT DYADIC CHANGE MODEL OF SPOUSAL SIMILARITY IN PHYSIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF AGING." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3440.

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Abstract Older adult populations are known for their diversity in health. Within couples, however, population studies have documented exceptional levels of spousal similarity in health and health behaviors. The presence of spousal similarity in health among older adults suggests a process of convergence, yet few studies have examined this phenomenon longitudinally. We present a latent dyadic change model to estimate the extent to which couples’ similarity in grip strength, Cystatin C, and lung function--indicators of frailty/physiologic reserve. The model is a longitudinal extension of the latent dyadic model, where husbands’ and wives’ markers of health are parsed into variance that is attributed to the couple and individual levels. Change in the biomarkers of aging is then estimated at the couple and individual levels, resulting in estimates of husbands’ change, wives’ change, and shared change. We illustrate our model using physiological data from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative panel study of individuals aged 51+ in the United States (3,500+ eligible couples). At the individual level, grip strength and lung function decreased, whereas Cystatin C increased for both husbands and wives. The shared change parameter estimated 16% to 25% of the change in markers of aging existed at the couple level. This suggests, consistent with convergence, that similarities in markers of aging at T2 were due to shared processes of change. Shared processes held after adjusting for indicators of partner selection. The latent dyadic change model offers a methodology to examine change in couples’ shared processes over time.

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48

Huang, Guoping, Hui Wang, and Feiting Shi. "Coupling Effect of Salt Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Carbonation on the Mechanical Performance of Quick Hardening Sulphoaluminate Cement-Based Reactive Powder Concrete with Basalt Fibers." Coatings 11, no. 9 (September 20, 2021): 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091142.

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The effect of salt freeze-thaw cycles coupled with carbonation on the mechanical performance of quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement-based reactive powder concrete combined with basalt fibers was investigated. The ratios of basalt fibers in sulphoaluminate cement-based reactive powder concrete (SAC-RPC) were 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% by the volume of concrete. The mechanical strengths (compressive strength, flexural strength and bonding strength) of SAC-RPC were investigated after curing for 5 h, 1 d, 14 d and 28 d, respectively. Meanwhile, the mechanical strengths of resultant concrete were detected, when different NaCl freeze-thaw cycles and carbonation were adopted. Results showed that the addition of basalt fibers could effectively improve the mechanical strengths, especially the flexural strength of SAC-RPC. The dosage of 3.0% was the threshold value affected mechanical strengths. The flexural, compressive and bonding strengths of SAC-RPC were higher than 8.53 MPa, 34 MPa and 3.21 MPa, respectively. The mass loss and mechanical strengths loss of SAC-RPC increased in the form of quadratic function with the increasing number of NaCl freeze-thaw cycles and varied in the form of quadratic decreasing function. Meanwhile, the effect of carbonation on the mechanical strengths of SAC-RPC can be ignored. Additionally, the coupling effect of salt freeze-thaw cycles and carbonation could accelerate the attenuation of concrete strength. The mechanical strengths loss demonstrated a decreased quadratic function with the increasing volume of basalt fibers.

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Lenstra, Daan. "Rate-Equation Analysis for a Coupled-Cavity Laser with MMI Anti-Phase Coupler." International Journal of Engineering and Technologies 8 (August 2016): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijet.8.14.

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Rate equations are derived for the coupled-cavity laser with a multimode-interference coupler. A strategy and scheme is indicated for iterative self-consistent numerical solution of the steady-state equations. The presence of the linewidth-enhancement parameter is explicitly taken into account. Locking in stable single-mode anti-phase operation is numerically demonstrated and locking ranges are given. Numerical results are given for the output power and the operation frequency as functions of the pump strengths of the individual lasers. The shapes of output-intensity curves agree well with measured curves.

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50

Pan, Andrew, Mohammadamin Jafari, Lijie Guo, and Murray Grabinsky. "Hybrid Failure of Cemented Paste Backfill." Minerals 11, no. 10 (October 17, 2021): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11101141.

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The hybrid failure is a coupled failure mechanism under the action of tensile and shear stresses. The failure is critical in cemented paste backfill (CPB) since there are no visible signs prior to the failure. Few studies have been conducted on the coupled stress response of CPB. This is most likely due to a lack of suitable laboratory equipment and test procedures. This paper presents a new punching shear apparatus to evaluate the hybrid failure of CPB. We harness two-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) for supplementing experimental study in providing stress transformation, deformation, and possible failure mechanisms. Our study suggests that the coupled stress is a combination of tensile and shear strength in function of the angle of the frustum. The strengths measured by the coupled stress are comparable to those measured by direct shear and tensile strength tests, in which the strength properties of CPB are curing time and binder content dependent. The FEA results substantiate the effectiveness of proposed model for predicting the hybrid failure of CPB.

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