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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Corrélations géotechniques"
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Дисертації з теми "Corrélations géotechniques"
Emerson, Mark. "Corrélations entre données géotechniques et géophysiques à faible profondeur dans des sables." Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPG0122.
Повний текст джерелаCurrent survey practice for the assessment of burial conditions of telecommunication cables and pipelines in the sea floor relies on a combination of both geotechnical and geophysical methods to provide a complete terrain analysis. The work of this PhD looks at the relations that can be achieved between these different data in marine sands at shallow depth. The study contains experimental and numerical aspects. Firstly, a series of calibration chamber tests were carried out in order to obtain CPT profiles and cross-hole measurements of wave speeds in well-controlled conditions. The analysis of the results focuses on the influence of the experimental parameters (density, stresses, type of material, degree of saturation) on the compressive and shear wave speeds and on the cone resistance. The results are compared with those of other studies performed at greater depth and correlations are deduced between the compressive wave speed and the cone resistance. Secondly, a 3D numerical model of a plough is created with the FLAC3D code and its progression over the sea floor is simulated. The tow force required to pull the plough is calculated for different soil densities in both drained and undrained conditions. The tow forces are then linked to the experimental cone resistances measured in the same conditions and the results are compared with existing statistical correlations
Moussouteguy, Nathalie. "Utilisation combinée des essais pressiométriques et diagraphies instantanées pour mieux évaluer le risque géotechnique en reconnaissance des sols." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12488.
Повний текст джерелаBurzawa, Audrey. "Diagnostic multi-échelle de la plateforme ferroviaire par ondes mécaniques guidées." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS483.
Повний текст джерелаCharacterizing the mechanical properties of railway trackbeds (RT) is essential to ensure the safety and durability of the rail network. Currently, the geotechnical investigation methods used provide access to the mechanical parameters of the RT and the shallow railway earthwork (RE), but they only offer a scattered overview of the state of the medium being investigated, and are therefore limited by their ad hoc nature and low efficiency. Geophysical methods capable of conducting a mechanical diagnosis of the RT are, as of now, poorly adapted to the railway context. However, recent developments and applications of the seismic surface-wave method to geotechnical problems and the railway context make it a promising non-destructive investigation technique. A proof of concept was thus conducted at a pilot site, demonstrating the feasibility and reproducibility of the surface-wave method for characterizing RE. The method proved capable of detecting variations in mechanical properties associated with RT issues. The Bayesian formulation of the inversion allowed for the assessment and quantification of uncertainties in the proposed results, thereby offering a valuable decision-making tool. The acquisition and processing stages were addressed in order to propose more efficient tools. Faster implementation techniques that reduce the time-consuming step of installing geophones in the ground were evaluated. The comparison of a towed setup, such as a landstreamer, with a conventional setup was used to validate its application in a railway context, both on the cess and the track. A tool based on artificial intelligence algorithms, specifically image segmentation algorithms, was developed to automate the task of surface-wave dispersion picking. The database used for training was created from wavefield modeling in a soil model characteristic of RT. The developed U-Net architecture enables precise identification of energy maxima and assignment of propagation modes. Lastly, to enhance the complementarity between geophysical and geotechnical methods when constructing and interpreting a priori, correlation tests between shear-wave velocity and cone resistance were conducted. The evaluation of laws from the literature facilitated the link between the seismic surface-wave method and conventional RE characterization tools
Houda, Moustafa. "Comportement sous chargement cyclique des massifs de sol renforcés par inclusions rigides : expérimentations en laboratoire et modélisation numérique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI103/document.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the most popular and widely used methods for soft soil improvement is the reinforcement using vertical rigid inclusions. It constitutes an interesting alternative to the other traditional techniques such as preloading, vertical drains, replacing soil etc...The national French project ASIRI (Amélioration du Sol par Inclusions Rigides) allowed to provide answers about the behavior of this technique and to establish recommendations for design and construction. It included an experimental part (full-scale, 1g physical model experiments and calibration chamber studies) and a numerical part. However, the recommendations established by ASIRI are limited to the case of monotonic loading. Yet, various cases of structures under cyclic loading are commonly encountered in practice: waves loading on offshore structures, wind strength, seismic load, traffic load, filling and emptying of tanks, loading and unloading of storage areas... This then requires the understanding of the behavior of this technique under cyclic and/or dynamic loading.The work done in this thesis constitutes a contribution to understanding the behavior of this type of structures, and is particularly interested in modeling the mechanisms that develop in the load transfer mattress under a quasi-static vertical cyclic loading . Two complementary approaches have been followed: Experimental: by performing experimental tests using a new 1g tridimensional physical model with a scale factor of 1/10, Numerical: by performing numerical tridimensional simulations in a continuous media using the software FLAC3D.At first, the experimental work has allowed us to study the behavior of this reinforcement technique under monotonic and cyclic loading implementing the digital image correlation method. A parametric study performed with the physical modeling allowed us to study the influence of the granular load transfer platform (LTP) and the boundary conditions (presence of a rigid slab at the surface of the LTP).Secondly, the experimental results have served as a database for the validation of a numerical model in continuous medium. The first step of the numerical modeling is to validate a numerical model at the same reduced scale of the physical model. The validation of the numerical modeling approach at the reduced scale allowed us in a second step to perform a parametric study in order to determine the influence of different parameters on the behavior of the system
Charalampidou, Elli maria. "Etude expérimentale sur la localisation des déformations dans les grès poreux." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721812.
Повний текст джерелаCharalampidou, Elli Maria. "Etude expérimentale sur la localisation des déformations dans les grès poreux." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENI090/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis presents a laboratory study aiming at a better understanding of the stress-strain response of the Vosges sandstone (porous rock) tested at a range of confining pressures (i.e., 20-190 MPa) and different axial strain levels. Localised deformation was captured at different scales by a combination of full-field experimental methods, including Ultrasonic Tomography (2D), Acoustic Emissions (3D), X-ray Tomography (3D), and 3D volumetric Digital Image Correlation, plus thin section and Scanning Electron Microscope observations (2D). These experimental methods were performed before, during and after a number of triaxial compression tests. The combined use of the experimental techniques, which have different sensitivity and resolution, described the processes of shear band and shear-enhanced compaction band generation, which formed at low to intermediate and relatively high confining pressures, respectively. Pure compaction bands were not identified. The deformation bands were characterised as zones of localised shear and/or volumetric strain and were captured by the experimental methods as features of low ultrasonic velocities, places of inter- and intra-granular cracking and structures of higher density material. The two main grain-scale mechanisms: grain breakage (damage) and porosity reduction (compaction) were identified in both shear band and shear-enhanced compaction band formation, which presented differences in the proportions of the mechanism and their order of occurrence in time