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Статті в журналах з теми "CONVENTIONAL BANKING SYSTEM"
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Trisnaningtyas, Januari Pratama Nurratri. "THE IMPURITY OF SHARIAH BANKING IN INDONESIA." Journal of Sharia Economics 3, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jose.v3i1.1453.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The practice of Islamic banking should run accordingly with the rule of sharia. Islamic banking aimed to overcome conventional banking problems, which are often profit-driven and benefit only a particular party. In Indonesia, where the majority of the population is Muslims, Islamic banking runs together with conventional banking and creates a dual-banking system. This dual-banking system seems fair on the one hand. However, it causes challenges in terms of the pure practice of Islamic banking, on the other hand. This research analyses the implementation of Islamic banking in Indonesia within the dual-banking system through three main frameworks: the regulation of Islamic banking, Islamic banking’s product to compete with the conventional ones, and the government regulation regarding this matter. The research shows that Indonesia has not been able to implement Islamic banking in accordance with the sharia rules fully. Instead, some principles are adapted according to the dual-banking system and are aligned with the interest of various parties such as the government and central bank of Indonesia.
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Khan, Muhammad Saqib, Shaheera Munir, and Ammara Mujtaba. "THE ISLAMIC VS CONVENTIONAL BANKS: AN EVIDENCE ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT." JUNE 02, no. 01 (June 30, 2021): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.53664/jsrd/02-01-2021-07-68-81.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper highlights how financial and conventional bank system contribute to economic growth. As the Islamic banking system is grounded on shariah’s laws and Usury/RIBA (interest) are prohibited in Islam so there will be no tax shield in this banking system and they have to pay more tax as compared to the conventional banking system. By analyzing their performance and using the gross value-added contribution of both banking systems was observed. Six banks are selected for this purpose of which 3 Islamic banks i.e. Dubai. It is quantitative research so different ratios are used to examine both banking system performance and gross value added to give us information that to what extend both banking systems are contributing to the economy. In an examination, it has been exposed that both banking systems are conducive much to economy as conventional banks are developed their infrastructure is bigger than Islamic banks where Islamic banks just start near past a few years back.
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Alshammari, Turki. "State ownership and bank performance: conventional vs Islamic banks." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 13, no. 1 (October 18, 2021): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-06-2021-0161.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose This paper aims to examine the effect of state ownership on bank performance for all banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries during the period 2003 – 2018, for two distinct banking systems: the conventional and the Islamic banking systems. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the goal of the study, this paper uses a mean t-test to examine the mean difference of the related variables for both banking systems, and a regression test (using the GMM method) to explore the effect of state ownership on bank performance. Findings The most important result of the analysis is that state ownership has a significantly positive influence on bank performance for conventional banks but not for Islamic banks, in the GCC area. Originality/value This study adds to the scarce related literature comparative empirical results with respect to the impact of ownership on the performance of two different banking systems: the conventional system and the Islamic banking system in the GCC area. This study is likely to have implications for policymakers in terms of developing rules relevant to the governance of GCC’s two banking systems that can help to support the stability of the whole banking sector.
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Veterina, Isbandini. "Granger Causality Analysis of Shariah Banking Deposit to Conventional Banking Deposit." Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen & Ekonomika 9, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.35384/jime.v9i1.19.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Countries with a dual banking system always question the independence of Islamic Bank on conventional bank. Although theoretically there are basic differences between Islamic bank with its profit loss sharing principle and the conventional bank with its interest rate system, but still, is the return that Islamic banks give to their customer is purely based on the bank’s performance? There is always a question that the Islamic Bank system are benchmarking their return rate against the conventional Bank’s interest system. This research purpose is to test the independence of Islamic commercial bank from conventional commercial bank in Indonesia. This research is benchmarking to earlier research by Chong and Liu. The parameters being estimated are time deposit interest rate in conventional commercial bank in Indonesia and profit loss sharing rate in mudharabha time deposit in Islamic Commercial bank in Indonesia. Granger Causality Test is used to test if the time deposit interest rate affects the profit loss sharing rate and vice versa. This research shows that the interest rate of time deposit in conventional commercial bank in Indonesia doesn't effect the profit loss sharing rate in mudharabah time deposit in Islamic commercial bank. On the other hand, the profit loss sharing rate in mudharabah time deposit also doesn’t effect the interest rate of time deposit in conventional commercial bank in Indonesia.
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Ali, Khurshid, Zeeshan Khan, and Abdullah Saleh. "Islamic Versus Conventional Banking: An Insight into the Malaysian Dual Banking System." Asian Journal of Economics and Empirical Research 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.501/2016.3.1/501.1.103.112.
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Salman, Asma, and Huma Nawaz. "Islamic financial system and conventional banking: A comparison." Arab Economic and Business Journal 13, no. 2 (December 2018): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aebj.2018.09.003.
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Lodhi, Suleman Aziz, and Rukhsana Kalim. "Strategic Directions for Developing an Islamic Banking System." Pakistan Development Review 44, no. 4II (December 1, 2005): 1003–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v44i4iipp.1003-1020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Islamic banking generally referred to as interest free banking has been gaining popularity in the recent past. The main pillar of Islamic finance is prohibition of interest. Unlike conventional banking where interest is an integral part of the banking system, Islamic banking avoids interest in all bank transactions [Samad and Hassan (1999)]. The banking system in Pakistan is undergoing a transition from conventional model of banking to the new concept of Islamic banking, based on principles of Islamic economics. The new system should not only eliminate interestbased transactions but also introduce the concept of “Zakah” a contribution to the poor [Molla, et al. (1988)]. The prohibition of Riba is based on the arguments of social justice and equality.
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Khattak, Mudeer Ahmed, Mohsin Ali, Baharom Abdul Hamid, and Muhammad Umar Islam. "COMPETITION, DIVERSIFICATION, AND STABILITY IN THE INDONESIAN BANKING SYSTEM." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 24 (March 8, 2021): 59–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v24i0.1481.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We examine the impact of competition and portfolio diversification on banking stability for conventional and Islamic banks in Indonesia. We find that the Islamic banking sector is less stable, when compared to the conventional banking sector. Competition in the banking sector reduces stability, while diversification enhances it. We find that competition negatively impacts the Islamic banks, but diversification has no impact on these banks. An interesting finding is that competition and diversification complement each other in enhancing the stability of the Indonesian banking sector. These findings carry an important policy implication for the banking sector of Indonesia.
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Irfan Nurfalah, Irfan Nurfalah. "Early Warning to Banking Crises in the Dual Financial System in Indonesia: The Markov Switching Approach." journal of king Abdulaziz University Islamic Economics 31, no. 2 (July 10, 2018): 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/islec.31-2.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research aims at detecting early indicators that cause conventional banking and Islamic banking crises, identifying the longest crisis period for both types of banks, and comparing the stability between the two kinds of banks. The method used is the Markov Switching Vector Autoregressive (MS-VAR) approach. This study uses secondary data obtained from official sources and in monthly form from January 2004 to March 2017. The results show that Islamic banking is more stable against internal and external shocks than conventional banking. Z-score for Islamic banking is higher (11,933) than the Z-score for conventional banking (11,679). The longest crisis period for conventional banking was around April 2013 – March 2017 while for Islamic banking was around January 2008 – October 2008.
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Ben Mimoun, Mohamed. "Islamic banking and real performances in a dual banking system." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 12, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 426–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-07-2018-0223.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose There is a rich debate on the nature of Islamic banking (IB)–growth nexus and the direction of causality governing this nexus. This study aims to focus on this issue in the case of Saudi Arabia, the largest country-holder of Islamic Banks (IBs)’ assets worldwide. It assesses empirically the nature of dynamic interactions between IBs’ financing and the real performances in the non-oil private sector (investment and GDP) in the context of a dual banking system where IBs operate alongside their conventional counterparts. Design/methodology/approach This study employs the Bounds test in the context of reparametrized autoregression distribution lags (ARDL) models to analyse both long-run and short-run dynamics governing Islamic and conventional banks’ (CBs) financings on one hand and real investment and GDP in the private sector on the other hand over the 2007q1-2016q4 period. It also uses the Toda and Yamamoto (1995) augmented Granger-causality test to assess the direction of causality governing these dynamics. Findings The more important results are: there is a stable and significant long-run relationship between IBs’ financing and real performances in the private sector. This nexus is governed by the “feed-back hypothesis”, implying the validity of both the “supply-leading” and the “demand-following” hypotheses. In a dual banking system context, IBs exert two effects on the financing of their conventional counterparts: a negative “crowding-out” effect and a positive and “stimulating” effect which transmits through the “competition” channel. Finally, in the long-run, steady-state, real GDP is dissociated from CBs’ financing. Originality/value This paper highlights an issue that has not received the needed attention in the case of Saudi Arabia. It has also found novel results with important policy implications.
Дисертації з теми "CONVENTIONAL BANKING SYSTEM"
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Rajhi, Wassim. "Essays on the capital structure and insolvency in conventional and non-conventional banking systems." Phd thesis, Université de Toulon et du Var, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00657342.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The international financial crisis naturally prompts the question of whether IIFS are robust and resilient or may be swept into crisis by a global wave and if so through what channels. This thesis considers channels through which the world financial crisis would affect IIFS, their features that may help contain it and those that may foster post crisis recovery in a dual banking system. Our sample covers 467 conventional banks and 90 Islamic banks in 16 countries for the period 2000-2008, a range advanced economies and emerging markets. We estimation the financial stability (z-score) in conventional and Islamic banks. The z-score has become a popular measure of bank soundness (Boyd and Runkle, 1993; Maechler, Mitra, and Worrell, 2005; Beck and Laeven, 2006; Laeven and Levine, 2006; Hesse and Čihák, 2007, 2008, 2010; Mercieca, Laeven and Levine, 2009; Beck; Demirgüç-Kunt and Merrouche, 2010). With a robust and a quantile estimation model, this empirical analysis explores causes of insolvency risk in Islamic and conventional banks in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Southeast Asian countries, by controlling for various factors, bank-by-bank data, macroeconomic and other system-wide indicators.
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Beqiri, Arlinda. "Corporate Governance and Banking Governance within Conventional and Islamic banking systems. : A Cross-case Study between Conventional banks in Sweden and Islamic banks in UK." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-47998.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study is to understand and analyse the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and banking governance (BG) in Conventional and Islamic banking systems. The reason for choosing this topic was because the regulations and banking systems within Conventional banks are differently in comparison to Islamic banks, which means that their corporate governance and banking governance are influenced by different mechanisms and therefore regulated differently. Since Conventional banks stands for a small amount of Islamic banks in their markets and Islamic countries do have Conventional banks in theirs, made this topic a good case study. Furthermore is Sweden a Conventional country where they don’t offer Islamic financial services and the UK is a Conventional country where they do, which was an interesting fact since both of them are European countries with similar regulations. The author of this thesis chose qualitative, semi-structured interviews, where six persons: three from Sweden and three from the UK stood for answers toward their banking systems. Since these respondents were standing on a high position within their organizations did they have the knowledge needed to answer the questions asked. The result showed that the relationship between CG and BC in Conventional and Islamic banking systems have an impact in the way different types of banks operate. Identifying the Conventional and Islamic banks differences and assessing on how the Corporate Governance and Banking Governance do operate solves the complexity in the system. Based on the findings, countries that are applying the Conventional system need to expand their regulations and mechanisms so that other systems could operate without a need for changes in their own. They also need to expand their knowledge, where the population needs to be familiar with other banking systems and services as well.
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Al-Suwaidi, Ahmed A. Mohamed. "The finance of international trade in the Gulf Arab States : a comparative study between the conventional and Islamic banking systems with special emphasis on the United Arab Emirates." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292402.
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RAHIN, BASHIR AHMAD. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ISLAMIC BANKING WITH CONVENTIONAL BANKING SYSTEM." Thesis, 2020. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/17964.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Islamic banking is considered as alternative to conventional banking. It focuses on profit/loss and risk sharing, than interest based deposit/lending followed in conventional banking. The main regulation governing utilization of funds in the islamic context prohibition of transactions on a 'Riba' (interest) basis. Shari'a prohibited usury absolutely, regardless of its percentage, whether it was high or low and the usury gain is forbidden.
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Hawi, André. "Coexistence of Conventional and Islamic Banking: The Impact on Growth and Trade." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-347371.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis aims at understanding the impact of Islamic banking development on economic growth and international trade in countries with a dual banking system. For this purpose we use a sample of twenty countries mainly from the Middle East, North Africa, and Southeast Asia during the time period from 1999 through 2014. We employ commonly used panel data estimators such as Pooled OLS and Fixed Effects, as well as the generalized method of moments (GMM) to address a possible endogeneity of the banking development indicators. Our findings show that on the one hand Islamic banking development in countries with a dual banking system hinders economic growth while on the other hand it boosts international trade. The study further discusses why Islamic banking might actually obstruct growth.
Книги з теми "CONVENTIONAL BANKING SYSTEM"
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Lee, Wai Shing. Combining the technologies of expert system and conventional data processing system into the domain of internal control within a banking environment. [s.l: The Author], 1991.
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Solé, Juan. Introducing islamic banks into conventional banking systems. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Monetary and Capital Markets Dept., 2007.
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Roger, Mccormick, and Stears Chris. Part III The Conduct Crisis, 11 Sustainability, Responsibility, Public Trust, Ethical Drift, and the ‘Social Licence’ Concept. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198749271.003.0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter discusses the concept of sustainable banking and its importance in the aftermath of the recent financial crisis. Sustainability (or ‘sustainability development’) is conventionally understood as the simultaneous pursuit of three policy goals: environmental protection, social equity (and justice) and economic welfare. In the context of banking, sustainability includes aligning the financial system with sustainable development; standardizing sustainability reporting in the financial sector, and increased awareness of ‘green issues’ and a growing agenda insisting that commercial and financial activity — as well as national and local politics — have greater ‘respect for the environment’.
Частини книг з теми "CONVENTIONAL BANKING SYSTEM"
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Quang Trinh, Vu. "Dual Banking System: Conventional and Islamic Banks." In Fundamentals of Board Busyness and Corporate Governance, 43–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89228-9_4.
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Mrad, Fiona, and Miroslav Mateev. "Banking System in the MENA Region: A Comparative Analysis Between Conventional and Islamic Banking in the UAE." In Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility—Volume 1, 61–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32922-8_6.
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Şimşek, Halil, Servet Bayındır, and Murat Ustaoğlu. "Dual Banking Systems’ Dynamics and a Brief Development History of Islamic Finance in Select Emerging Islamic Economies." In Balancing Islamic and Conventional Banking for Economic Growth, 9–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59554-2_2.
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"The Conventional Riba-Based Banking System." In The Art of RF (Riba-Free) Islamic Banking and Finance, 207–46. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118792551.ch8.
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"The Conventional Riba-Based Banking System." In The Art of Islamic Banking and Finance, 154–90. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118258217.ch7.
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"The Regulatory Framework of the Conventional Banking System: Basel I and II." In Islamic Banking, 97–117. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118266922.ch8.
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James Olalekan, Akinbode. "Bank Service Delivery in Nigeria." In Banking and Finance. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92075.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nigeria as a country has recorded significant efficiency in bank service delivery considering her history of banking services. This assertion reflects in the views of banking sector stakeholders in the country and foreign assessors. One milestone was the introduction and effective use of electronic banking system in the last two decades which eliminated hurdles overt with the conventional banking era. Today, banking activities in Nigeria are possible at any time of the day and anywhere without any stress. This is not to say that it has fully complied with global best practices as there are still pockets of complaints from stakeholders especially customers which have expressed dissatisfaction in the quality of banking services rendered to them. In spite of the level of customers’ dissatisfaction, bank service delivery is better than what it was, and the Nigerian banking sector is presently at the front burner in terms of banking service delivery in Africa. Although challenges of employees’ knowledge gaps, technology, inadequate legal framework, incompetent manpower and staff improper attitude remain contentious in the Nigerian banking system, efforts from stakeholders especially the regulator to eliminate these challenges would bring about improved banking service delivery in Nigeria and make it close to global best practices, if not achieve it.
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Zafar, Muhammad Bilal, and Ahmad Azam Sulaiman. "Islamic Banking in Pakistan." In Growth and Emerging Prospects of International Islamic Banking, 61–77. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1611-9.ch004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Since 1960, after a trial of almost 40 years, the reformation of economy of Pakistan from conventional to Islamic could not be achieved. Since 2000, the government changed the strategy to gradually Islamize the economy and adopted a dual system. In this ambit, the State Bank of Pakistan deliberately announced the vision to make the Islamic banking as first choice for users of banking in Pakistan. This chapter bring insights on the background, current state, issues, challenges, and avenues of future policy regarding Islamic banking of Pakistan. The empirical data about Islamic Banking has been collected from the State Bank of Pakistan for the period 2003-2018. This is to evaluate the current state in terms of market performance, modes of Islamic financing, and financing portfolios of Islamic banking. The findings of this chapter show there is a substantial lack of interest by the government to develop the Islamic banking, and Islamic banking is also deviating from its social and ethical proclaims.
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Yaacob, Hakimah, Adli Yaacob, Khairul Hidayatullah Basir, and Qaisar Ali. "Establishment of Zakat Bank." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 78–94. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3452-6.ch006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When the Islamic bank was first established in 1963, they realised leveraging on the conventional platform was an easy way out to create an Islamic banking system. Despite of financial outcry, multiplications, and lack of welfare on the customers, the bank continues championing the financial system. Behaving as an alternative to the conventional financing, Islamic banking is no different. With all the conventional guidelines and controlled regulations of IMF and the World Bank, the Islamic bank's hands are tied. Nothing much has been done to ensure a complete move out to assist customers in getting ‘good financing facility,' which is humane in nature. This chapter is an attempt to explore Zakat Bank out of banking furore using a Zakat platform. The finding suggests that the establishment of Zakat Bank is crucial to ensure the true financing based on Shariah principles and guidelines. This chapter adopts library research including reports and guidelines from the financial regulators. The chapter concludes with a proposed model for a Zakat Bank for authority's consideration.
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Fauzel, Sheereen. "Determinants of Islamic Banking in Africa." In Growth and Emerging Prospects of International Islamic Banking, 174–88. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1611-9.ch010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The global financial crisis of 2007-2008 depicted that conventional banking has many weaknesses. Hence, there has been much debate on the strength of Islamic banking to confront such crises. There are various advantages of using Shari'ah-compliant financial products pointed out by researches. Moreover, people who abide by their religious belief are mainly those who demand such financial services. But research relating to the determinants of Islamic banking is scant. This chapter examines the determinants of Islamic Banking in Africa over the period 2005-2018. The result shows that if the share of the Muslim population is high compared to other religions, Islamic banking is better diffused. Furthermore, important determinants of Islamic banking obtained from the results are the growth rate of the country and the extent to which the financial system is developed. Interestingly, it is observed that interest rate affects the diffusion of Islamic banking as it represents an opportunity cost.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "CONVENTIONAL BANKING SYSTEM"
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Pavelka, Vivien, Gyöngyi Bánkuti, and Jozsef Varga. "The Comparative Analysis of the Islamic and Conventional Bank System in Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01804.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of our study is the comparative analysis of the Islamic and conventional bank systems in Turkey focusing on the years of the last financial crisis. The financial crisis of 2008 shocked the world and impeached the confidence in the conventional bank systems. It drew the attention to the alternative financial forms like Islamic banking. The best known specialty of the Islamic bank system is the prohibition of interests and speculative transactions. The question is: are Islamic banks more crisis-resistant than the conventional banks? Are they really more stable? We would like to get answers for these questions through analyzing the four Islamic banks and four conventional banks with the same size in Turkey. We set up three hypothesizes:
1. The profitability of the Islamic banks was higher during the crisis than the profitability of the conventional banks.
2. The liquidity of the Islamic banks was higher during the crisis than the liquidity of the conventional banks.
3. The leverage ratio of the Islamic banks was higher during the crisis than the leverage ratio of the conventional banks.
The time horizon of the research is from 2007 to 2013 and we get the data from the annual reports of the banks.
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Ascarya, Ascarya, and Diana Yumanita. "The Determinants of Net Interest Margin in Conventional and Islamic Banks in Indonesia." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00171.
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Indonesia has adopted dual banking system since 1998, when conventional bank operate side by side with Islamic bank. One measure of bank’s performance as intermediary institution to stimulate economic growth is net interest margin (NIM) in conventional bank or net profit-and-loss sharing/PLS margin (NPM) in Islamic bank. This study analyses the determinants of NIM and NPM in Indonesia using multivariate analysis and dynamic panel data to see the persistence of large NIM and NPM in the recent past, although policy rate has been decreasing significantly.
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Tálos, Lívia, Gyöngyi Bánkuti, and Jozsef Varga. "The Analysis of the Turkish Islamic Banking System Between 2005 and 2014." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01803.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Islamic banking is a banking system that is based on the principles of sharia or Islamic law. The principles of Islamic finance forbid interest - this is commonly known as riba - charity (zakat), forbid high risk (gharar), forbid some transactions like gambling, and are based on PLS (Profit-Loss Share). The most important concept is that both charging and receiving interest are strictly forbidden; money may not generate profits. Islamic banks have largely survived the global economic crisis intact and they offer a safer operation than conventional banks. CAMEL analysis is a supervisory rating system to classify a bank's overall condition according to Capital (C), Assets (A), Management (M), Earnings (E) and Liquidity (L). In the analysis a variety of indicators were calculated based on data from the annual reports. The results of the four banks were averaged separately, then classified (1 = good, 2 = adequate, 3 = satisfactory, 4 = acceptable, 5 = unacceptable) according to the desired criteria, the changes over the years and the relative values of the four banks.
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Hudiman, A. "Identification of Condensate Banking With Combination of Pressure Transient Analysis and Simulation Approach: A Case Study." In Indonesian Petroleum Association - 46th Annual Convention & Exhibition 2022. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa22-e-151.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Gas – Condensate reservoir system would be more complicated regarding fluid effects. To understand the fluid effects of Gas – Condensate reservoir system, several studies have been carried out, but there is no type curve matching method especially for Gas-Condensate reservoir system. In general, we use a composite model in Pressure Transient Analysis to analyze Gas-Condensate system, but we are still unable to map the condensate banking boundary in the reservoir. In this paper, we will use a numerical model approach to understand Gas-Condensate reservoir system based on Pressure Build Up analysis. We use a simulator for modelling the near well bore condition by using local grid refinement, then perform history matching with Pressure Build Up analysis result. This method will give us a clearer reservoir description and path of the condensate forming as a condensate banking. We will focus on the well MTD-02 to get a better understanding of our reservoir. The results of our method show that our Gas-Condensate reservoir system is a lean gas system, with several behaviors as we can see from PVT data, PBU Analysis result, and from the Simulation Model. This method gives us the path of condensate banking, so we can prepare strategy to overcome this situation. Gas fields have characteristics that are affected by the gas components itself, namely dry gas, wet gas and gas condensate. Sometime we call dry gas and wet gas as conventional gas reservoir. There are obvious physical environmental differences between gas condensate reservoirs and other conventional gas reservoirs (Qianhua et al, 2020). Ahbijit (2015) has stated that the term of wet gas is sometimes used as more or less equivalent to gas condensates.The methods and development of the operations of each gas field type has its own uniqueness, especially gas condensate type that has characteristic of liquid phase (condensate) which will form when the reservoir pressure reaches below its dew point pressure along with the depletion of reservoir pressure due to production. One of the effects of liquid phase (condensate) in the reservoir is that it will reduce gas mobility near wellbore area and there will be slightly change of relative gas permeability, so that gas production will not be optimal. The effect can reduce the well potential between 0% to 50% (Giamminonni et al, 2010) Matindok Field is gas field producer located in Banggai Districts, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The production zone comes from Minahaki Formation, which is limestone. Since the beginning of production, condensate has been produced with average Condensate Gas Ratio (CGR) of around 13.5 STB/MMSCF and Gas Liquid Ratio (GLR) of around 73000 scf/STB with 48-50 API of condensate. Currently, Matindok Field’s average gas production is around 40 MMSCF/D. Moreover, with these parameters, Matindok Field is included as a gas condensate reservoir. To keep gas production stable, we conducted well surveillance campaign each year to do pressure build-Up (PBU) test. We analyze the PBU data to obtain reservoir model data, reservoir parameters, reservoir boundary and so on. The PBU data states that reservoir model at Matindok Field is radial composite which shows that the permeability at near wellbore area is smaller than the outer zone that has more gas saturation. This is caused by reservoir pressure depletion at near wellbore area is greater than the outer zone. Thus, the pressure reaches below its dew point and condensate formed around wellbore area. In addition, from the PBU we can estimate the distance of condensate banking from the wellbore. Beidokhti, et al, 2021 [1] suggest a three-region system in gas condensate reservoir: • Region (1): this is the farthest region around the well with pressure over the dew point. The system contains a single gas-phase including the initial liquid saturation. • Region (2): this region is near the first region toward the well. It is generated with pressure reduction below the dew point, and where the liquid saturation increases rapidly. It should be noted that, in this region, the liquid phase is immobile (SL < SLC). • Region (3): this region is the nearest region around the well. The liquid saturation is higher than the critical saturation of condensate, so, gas and oil phases are mobile. To simplify and to do reservoir monitoring, we did reservoir simulation case at MTD-02 well. This well is located at top structure of Minahaki Formation and has a fairly good production potential, which AOFP of 82 MMSCF/D and CGR of 13 STB/MMSCF. The MTD-02 well has complete data set to be analyzed such as PVT (CCE, CVD, Compositional analysis) and core data (RCAL, SCAL). To do an analysis that represents to the actual fluid behavior in the reservoir, the reservoir model used is a compositional analysis model. The result of the simulation model can describe the conditions of condensate in the reservoir and validate the result of condensate banking model from pressure transient analysis (PTA). So in the end, we can get the optimal gas rate with the influence of condensate in the reservoir.
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Athale, Ravindra A., and Michael W. Haney. "Optical Implementation of SELECTION Operation in Database Machines." In Optical Computing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1991.tuc2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In its most elemental form, a database can be viewed as a computer-based record keeping system. The database organization is optimized for efficient addition, deletion and updating of the records. Accurate, flexible and efficient techniques for retrieving and organizing data is the objective of a database management system. Applications of such database management systems range from banking and libraries in the commercial world to onboard electronic warefare systems for airplanes and logistics databases for weapons readiness management in the military world. In either domain, the size of the database is constantly growing, while the desired data retrieval time is simultaneously decreasing. In addition, onboard systems may have volume, power and weight limitations while maintaining ruggedness. The recent developments in optical storage, interconnects and switching technologies has initiated investigation into the use of optical technology to enhance the performance of conventional database machines [1].
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Radescu, Radu, and Tudor Ardelean. "E-BUSINESS LEARNING TOOL FOR ONLINE BANKING BASED ON BPM (BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT)." In eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Business Process Management (BPM) is a discipline involving any combination of modeling, automation, execution, control, measurement and optimization of business flow. BPM should take into account well-defined input data and a single set of output data. BPM platforms include a portal and a user dashboard, providing concept, simulation, rule definition, process execution, integration, monitoring, and optimization functions. The purpose of this paper is to develop a learning application for the management of banking processes and related databases, which can be used to model the business processes specific to the educational field in finance and banking (e-banking). The application has a general character and can be used to implement any kind of business process in the online learning environment. The model chosen is the relational organizational model, using SQL (Structured Query Language), in which tables have been defined for processes, flows, states, actions, and parameters. Also, two processes are defined within the application, each with a very simple flow, which highlights the concepts of business-case e-learning applied in banking management using BPM tools. As a motivation, the present work was born out of the need to improve the classical way of learning, by calling on the modeling and execution of e-banking specific processes through BPM. If the complexity of a targeted process increases greatly, it is hard to follow and understand in a learning activity. Thus, the process becomes difficult to modify and adapt to the needs of the beneficiary and when the number of processes involved becomes large any change or development of new functionality can take a long time. Thus, a structure that uses generic data types defining process-specific entities is a solution to improve how e-business processes are developed in order to make learning easier. In this respect, all processes modeled in an e-banking business learning platform have common structural components, while being differently parameterized according to each process. The technical analysis period is thus reduced, providing a permanent overview of existing processes. The structure designed accordingly is tested through a web application that connects to a database. The developed application is therefore a generic business process management learning tool, exemplified for e-banking processes, assumed by a case study: providing a bank credit to a client. The aim of the paper is to develop the most efficient software product for e-banking, thus generating a generic platform for assimilation of any type of process flow. The system architecture modularizes the entire project (developed in Visual Studio 2012) in four levels to ensure a clearest logical separation: - Data Access Level (configured using the Entity Framework with integrated Repository pattern) - Data Transfer Level (containing the code for each entity in the database); - Services Level (containing the database query code and maintaining the consistency of all information); - User Interface Level (containing HTML code combined with Razor syntax and deploying controllers via JavaScript functions included in the forms and dictating the entire system logic). In addition, three software development templates have been used to make the work of the developer easier and to make the learning product as efficient as possible. The calls to the database - the weakest link in any application in terms of performance - have been minimized to the highest degree. The BPM-based approach together with the related concepts - the graphic process representation (BPD: Business Process Diagrams), the specific modeling standard (BPMN: Business Process Management Notation) and the BPM rule engine - facilitate a transparent and simple management of all e-business specific processes and, at the same time, their easier learning. The visual process representation method (BPMN) is integrated into the web application through the jQuery technology and the BPM rule engine and the rules itself are included in web application controllers. The business necessity of the present work is customized in the goal of fluidization and dynamism applied in solving any defined process. Thus, in the case study approached, the client applying for a credit goes through the necessary steps in a shorter time, and the cost of analyzing his/her file by the bank is smaller because it automates many portions of the whole process, the involvement of the human factor being importantly reduced. Hence, compared to the conventional version, the corresponding learning process is much simplified and easier to assimilate. Even though a process has already been automated, it often needs to be calibrated and adapted to better manage the actual situations that occur. The developed learning tool can automate large sections of the e-business process using a decision-making module able to determine the next state, based on the user input parameters and the current status of the e-banking process. This module, integrated using the MVC environment, is customized by setting limits and adding new constraints. After the credit application is completed, its initial status is defined by the flow it belongs to. After the application runs through the entire stream and reaches a terminal status, no actions can be executed on it. However, the client is able to apply to another credit that will go through exactly the same flow pattern. The resulting learning application for banking-specific e-business processes is able to manage any type of processes and modify these processes through the developed BPMN interface. The original contributions of the paper are as follows: - Theoretical and practical design of the e-business learning platform database; - Developing the web application in ASP.NET along with the related front-end technologies: HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript; - Modeling and implementing as a case study the process of learning the flows of a banking process that highlights the concepts defined by the BPM methodology. The designed and developed application fulfills its intended purpose: supporting online learning to manage any type of business process with the ability to dynamically modify and adapt these processes through the built-in BPMN interface. The database is well structured, providing measures to support the growth of the platform's complexity, as well as measures to ensure its versatility in using for educational purposes in any e-business processes other than banking.
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Zhou, Jia, Paul Carman, Hong Sun, Richard Wheeler, Harold Brannon, D. V. Satya Gupta, and Ray Starks. "Revolutionary Particle Fluid System Unlocks of Fractured Reservoir Potential." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-173369-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Post-treatment production analyses for hydraulic fracturing treatments with conventional crosslinked gel or slickwater often indicate that the treatments do not achieve the designed stimulation effectiveness, which could be attributed to non-optimal proppant placement and/or significantly damaged fracture conductivity. Although conventional crosslinked fluids are observed to provide good proppant suspension in laboratory environments, they might not provide the desired proppant transport under downhole conditions. Crosslinked fluids are known to be difficult to clean up, and thus are notorious for imparting gel damage to proppant pack and formation. Slickwater can be used to mitigate gel damage by reducing the effective polymer loadings, but consequential extreme proppant settling and banking problems reduce the chance of achieving fracture performance. Several proppant placement techniques have been developed to generate highly conductive paths for hydrocarbons to flow from an unconventional reservoir to the wellbore, such as hybrid fracturing, reverse hybrid fracturing, and channel fracturing, each of which predominantly rely upon high viscosity fluids to carry the proppant to the designated location. This paper presents a non-traditional fracturing fluid system and application technique with near perfect proppant suspension and transport, high fracture conductivity, and self-diverting characteristics. The revolutionary fracturing fluid system employs engineered packing of particle domains for proppant suspension mechanics that are significantly different from crosslinked polymer systems which use polymer chain overlap and inter-chain crosslinking to generate viscosity governed proppant transport. The unique gel particle structure perfectly suspends proppant for several hours at reservoir conditions to facilitate better transverse and vertical placement of proppant in the fracture and significantly increases the fractured surface area, which is one of most important factors in unconventional reservoir production. The self-diverting tendencies offer the potential to maximize created fracture area while simultaneously reducing the treating fluid volumes without the addition of costly diverting additives. The degradability of the fluid can be controlled at reservoir conditions by fluid pH and/or breaker loading to yield near 100% regained proppant pack conductivity. This paper discusses the evolution of the technology, and laboratory results for this unique fluid system. The system can unlock reservoir potential in areas requiring high fractured surface area and high regained conductivity, such as unconventional liquid-rich formations.
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Barzin, Yalda, and Gregory Walker. "The Reversible Relationship Between Choke Management and Liquid Yield Trends in Shale Reservoirs." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210136-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract This paper builds on the observed strong correlation between liquid yield (Condensate Gas Ratio) profiles and choke management in the gas condensate wells, described in URTeC 3722999. The study has included production profiles of over a hundred wells (initial CGR ranging from 50 to 250 STB/MMscf) operated across both the Eagle Ford and Duvernay. The condensate yield has been observed to change depending on the choke strategy when the well is operated above the phase envelope. While a stable choke size promotes a stable CGR value, a drawdown strategy that includes rapid choke ramp-ups has a corresponding variation in CGR even above the saturation point. What is explored in this paper is that the change in CGR is reversible, where a reduction in choke size will cause the system to restore to a higher CGR without damage to the well. A more conventional system would expect that a reduction in CGR results in liquid dropping out and potentially causing relative permeability issues (condensate banking). The reversibility is consistent with the adsorbed gas hypothesis (SPE 185045), where the change in CGR is attributed to contribution of desorped dry gas, rather than liquid drop out. The second part of the paper investigates the relationship between small changes in choke and the corresponding change in liquid yield. The initial work had been looking at plots of logarithmic scaled axis for liquid yield and linear scale on choke, but closer examination has shown that the trend is more of a linear response. If the underlying mechanism is adsorbed gas, then the trend would be expected to have at least a qualitative response to a proxy for adsorbed gas such as TOC.
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Özenbaş, Nazmiye. "Crime of Banking Embezzlement in Turkish Law." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01097.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
White-collar crime, which is perhaps the most important of types of crime in terms of havoc and committed by the superior contrary to common belief, has much more influence than conventional crime. This crimes, are committed by well-respected professionals in their business. Besides, this study explain one of the this type of crime, crime of banking embezzlement. Because of the vital importance of banking to countries’ economy and the detrimental effects of the fraudulent actions of bankers to the well being of a bank and its systemic effect to the other banks in the market, regulators impose criminal sanctions. In Turkey, a special embezzlement offence that can be conducted by bankers is regulated under article 160 of the Banking Law No.5411. This article aims to analyze this controversial criminal offence within Banking Law No.5411 and Turkish Criminal Law No.5237. In this respect, the study includes general information about embezzlement, elements of the offence, special circumstances that affects the nature of the offence, specific forms of the offence and prosecution methods. It should be noted that, the elements and structure of bank embezzlement which is expected in the first paragraph of Article 160 is very similar to the embezzlement which is provided for in the Penal Code. However, the structure of which is conditional embezzlement expected in the third paragraph of that Article is very different from embezzlement provided in the Criminal Code. In the study also, recommendations are presented regarding the upon completion of the crime and trial precondition.
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Filchev, Rusko, Tihomir Dovramadjiev, Rozalina Dimova, and Plamen Parushev. "Protection and Transfer of Financial Digital Data Through Open Source Software." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002845.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Modern society is increasingly using ICT technologies to transfer information quickly. In addition to the purely technological advantages of IT tools, they enable the recipients of information data to be ultimately facilitated in their operational activities. On the other hand, data transfer, when it comes to transferring files with specific information, is a serious issue that concerns both available technological resources and security. This report aims to explore the current technological capabilities for the transfer of digital information containing banking, financial and other data, to be maximum protected from unauthorized or malicious users. Also into question are conventional methods of transmitting digital data via email or cloud. Open source software provides the possibility of reliable encryption and protection: Money Manager Ex, Tor Browser and OnionShare. In the present study, specific advantages of realizing the transfer of digital data from the point of transmission to the final recipient are presented.
Звіти організацій з теми "CONVENTIONAL BANKING SYSTEM"
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Putriastuti, Massita Ayu Cindy, Vivi Fitriyanti, and Muhammad Razin Abdullah. Leveraging the Potential of Crowdfunding for Financing Renewable Energy. Purnomo Yusgiantoro Center, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33116/br.002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
• Renewable energy (RE) projects in Indonesia usually have IRR between 10% and 15% and PP around 6 to 30 years • Attractive return usually could be found in large scale RE projects, although there are numerous other factors involved including technology developments, capacity scale, power purchasing price agreements, project locations, as well as interest rates and applied incentives. • Crowdfunding (CF) has big potential to contribute to the financing of RE projects especially financing small scale RE projects. • P2P lending usually targeted short-term loans with high interest rates. Therefore, it cannot be employed as an alternative financing for RE projects in Indonesia. • Three types of CF that can be employed as an alternative for RE project funding in Indonesia. Namely, securities, reward, and donation-based CF. In addition, hybrid models such as securities-reward and reward-donation could also be explored according to the project profitability. • Several benefits offer by securities crowdfunding (SCF) compared to conventional banking and P2P lending, as follows: (1) issuer do not need to pledge assets as collateral; (2) do not require to pay instalment each month; (3) issuer share risks with investors with no obligation to cover the investor’s loss; (4) applicable for micro, small, medium, enterprises (MSMEs) with no complex requirements; and (5) there is possibility to attract investors with bring specific value. • Several challenges that need to be tackled such as the uncertainty of RE regulations; (1) issuer’s inability in managing the system and business; (2) the absence of third parties in bridging between CF platform and potential issuer from RE project owner; (3) the lack of financial literacy of the potential funders; and (4) lastly the inadequacy of study regarding potential funders in escalating the RE utilisation in Indonesia.