Дисертації з теми "Contrôle basée sur la platitude"
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Akrami, Milad. "Design and implementation of electric motor drive for automotive cooling water pump." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAD048.
A trajectory planning method for flatness-based control of PMSM drives for EV water pump application is proposed in this thesis. This approach is primarily intended to ensure PMSM motor current remains within permissible limits through indirect flatness-based control while still having the advantages of one-loop control. Furthermore, the constraint on switching voltage has been taken into account in the proposed trajectory planning method to maintain the proper operation of the PMSM drive system in steady-state mode as well as during transients. A window-based trajectory planning function is used for the PMSM drive in this method. The trajectory function is generated using an optimization algorithm considering the speed overshoot, motor current, and switching voltage constraints. Unlike conventional trajectory planning, which is a second-order function, this method takes controller limits into account while using one-loop flatness-based control
Navarrete, Gutierrez Tomas. "Une architecture de contrôle de systèmes complexes basée sur la simulation multi-agent." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00758118.
Navarrete, Gutiérrez Tomás. "Une architecture de contrôle de systèmes complexes basée sur la simulation multi-agent." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0165/document.
Complex systems are present everywhere in our environment: internet, electricity distribution networks, transport networks. This systems have as characteristics: a large number of autonomous entities, dynamic structures, different time and space scales and emergent phenomena. This thesis work is centered on the problem of control of such systems. The problem is defined as the need to determine, based on a partial perception of the system state, which actions to execute in order to avoid or favor certain global states of the system. This problem comprises several difficult questions: how to evaluate the impact at the global level of actions applied at a global level, how to model the dynamics of an heterogeneous system (different behaviors issue of different levels of interactions), how to evaluate the quality of the estimations issue of the modeling of the system dynamics. We propose a control architecture based on an ``equation-free'' approach. We use a multi-agent model to evaluate the global impact of local control actions before applying the most pertinent set of actions. Associated to our architecture, an experimental platform has been developed to confront the basic ideas or the architecture within the context of simulated ``free-riding'' phenomenon in peer to peer file exchange networks. We have demonstrated that our approach allows to drive the system to a state where most peers share files, despite given initial conditions that are supposed to drive the system to a state where no peer shares. We have also executed experiments with different configurations of the architecture to identify the different means to improve the performance of the architecture
Navarrete, Gutiérrez Tomás. "Une architecture de contrôle de systèmes complexes basée sur la simulation multi-agent." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0165.
Complex systems are present everywhere in our environment: internet, electricity distribution networks, transport networks. This systems have as characteristics: a large number of autonomous entities, dynamic structures, different time and space scales and emergent phenomena. This thesis work is centered on the problem of control of such systems. The problem is defined as the need to determine, based on a partial perception of the system state, which actions to execute in order to avoid or favor certain global states of the system. This problem comprises several difficult questions: how to evaluate the impact at the global level of actions applied at a global level, how to model the dynamics of an heterogeneous system (different behaviors issue of different levels of interactions), how to evaluate the quality of the estimations issue of the modeling of the system dynamics. We propose a control architecture based on an ``equation-free'' approach. We use a multi-agent model to evaluate the global impact of local control actions before applying the most pertinent set of actions. Associated to our architecture, an experimental platform has been developed to confront the basic ideas or the architecture within the context of simulated ``free-riding'' phenomenon in peer to peer file exchange networks. We have demonstrated that our approach allows to drive the system to a state where most peers share files, despite given initial conditions that are supposed to drive the system to a state where no peer shares. We have also executed experiments with different configurations of the architecture to identify the different means to improve the performance of the architecture
Ramamonjisoa, David. "Architecture de copilotage et de contrôle d'exécution basée sur un système expert temps réel." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP574S.
Roquemaurel, Marie de. "Planification de coût optimal basée sur les CSP pondérés." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/520/.
For planning to come of age, plans must be judged by a measure of quality, such as the total cost of actions. This thesis describes an optimal-cost planner in the classical planning framework except that each action has a cost. We code the extraction of an optimal plan, from a planning graph with a fixed number k of levels, as a weighted constraint satisfaction problem (WCSP). The specific structure of the resulting WCSP means that a state-of-the-art exhaustive solver was able to find an optimal plan in planning graphs containing several thousand nodes. We present several methods for determining a tight bound on the number of planning-graph levels required to ensure finding a globally optimal plan. These include universal notions such as indispensable sets S of actions: every valid plan contains at least one action in S. Different types of indispensable sets can be rapidly detected by solving relaxed planning problems related to the original problem. On extensive trials on benchmark problems, the bound on the number of planning-graph levels was reduced by an average of 60% allowing us to solve many instances to optimality. Thorough experimental investigations demonstrated that using the planning graph in optimal planning is a practical possibility, although not competitive, in terms of computation time, with a recent state-of-the-art optimal planner
Lefort, Antoine. "Un gestionnaire énergétique du bâtiment compatible smartgrid basée sur une commande prédéctive." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061522.
Griche, Karim-Cyril. "Génération automatique de bouchons pour le test structurel basée sur l'analyse du flot de contrôle." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10098.
While developing a software, many different tests are processed. Ln this thesis, we are focusing mainly on unitary test and integration test. During the unitary test phase, the software's entities are tested individually. Afterwards, they are integrated within an aggregate on which the integration test is lrocessed. During this phase, interactions between entities are tested. We are working on structural unitary test. During this test phase, when the entites under test contains calls to other entites, the called entities are replaced by stubbs designed to simplify test data generation for the calling function. Ln general, such stubbs do not represent correctly the behaviour of the entity they stand for. Therefore, the resulting covering rate does not represent the use of the calling function. In this thesis, we propose a new test phase, the unitary aggregate test phase, where ail necessary stubbs are automatically generated from the called function's code. The production of such a stubb is based on the slice of the called function's control flow into approximations. Tatic analysis is used to deterrnine the specifie environment of each cali. This environment con tains information on the calling conditions for a function and also on the impact ofthis cali on the calling function's control flow. The stubb for a specifie cali can be created by filtering the called function's approximations, using the calling context. Then, a single filtered approximation is kept for each generation objective within the calling function. A prototype of this method was implemented within the Inka test tool
Bentahar, Amine. "Identification des préoccupations transverses : une approche statique basée sur une analyse du flot de contrôle." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5169/1/030328231.pdf.
Vargas, Fabian Luis. "Amélioration de la sureté de fonctionnement de systèmes spatiaux basée sur le contrôle de courant." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0063.
Kaddah, Rim. "Gestion active de la demande basée sur l'habitat connecté." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0025/document.
The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm brings an opportunity for advanced Demand Response (DR) solutions. Indeed, it enables visibility and control on the various appliances that may consume, store or generate energy within a home. In this thesis, we consider solutions having the capability to produce direct control decisions at different granularities based on variables measured at homes. Control schemes are driven by an optimization based on utility functions. These functions are defined based on a generic approach that considers load’s flexibility and the impact of control decisions on users. The proposed approach does not impose any restrictions on the type of controlled appliances nor on the granularity of control decisions. This enables joint control of heterogeneous loads. We consider three types of control architectures, namely centralized, partially distributed and fully distributed solutions. Schemes based on these architectures differ in the distribution of decision making among entities involved in the control and data that is made available to these entities. Numerical analysis shows the trade-offs of proposed solutions from a performance, scalability and complexity perspectives
Kaddah, Rim. "Gestion active de la demande basée sur l'habitat connecté." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0025.
The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm brings an opportunity for advanced Demand Response (DR) solutions. Indeed, it enables visibility and control on the various appliances that may consume, store or generate energy within a home. In this thesis, we consider solutions having the capability to produce direct control decisions at different granularities based on variables measured at homes. Control schemes are driven by an optimization based on utility functions. These functions are defined based on a generic approach that considers load’s flexibility and the impact of control decisions on users. The proposed approach does not impose any restrictions on the type of controlled appliances nor on the granularity of control decisions. This enables joint control of heterogeneous loads. We consider three types of control architectures, namely centralized, partially distributed and fully distributed solutions. Schemes based on these architectures differ in the distribution of decision making among entities involved in the control and data that is made available to these entities. Numerical analysis shows the trade-offs of proposed solutions from a performance, scalability and complexity perspectives
Zambrano, Rey Gabriel. "Réduction du Comportement Myope dans le contrôle des FMS : Une Approche Semi-Hétérarchique basée sur la Simulation-Optimisation." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064272.
Datcu, Octaviana. "Méthodes de chiffrement/déchiffrement utilisant des systèmes chaotiques : Analyse basée sur des méthodes statistiques et sur la théorie du contrôle des systèmes." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802659.
Diego, Maza William David. "Contrôle de trafic et gestion de la qualité de service basée sur les mécanismes IP pour les réseaux LTE." Thesis, Télécom Bretagne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TELB0406/document.
The mobile data landscape is changing rapidly and mobile operators are today facing the daunting challenge of providing cheap and valuable services to ever more demanding customers. As a consequence, cost reduction is actively sought by operators as well as Quality of Service (QoS) preservation. Current 3GPP standards for LTE/EPC networks offer a fine tuning QoS (per-flow level), which inherits many characteristics of legacy telco networks. In spite of its good performance, such a QoS model reveals costly and cumbersome and finally, it remains very rarely deployed, thereby giving way to basic best-effort hegemony. This thesis aims at improving QoS in mobile networks through cost-effective solutions; To this end, after an evaluation of the impact and cost of signaling associated with the standard QoS model, alternative schemes are proposed, such as the IP-centric QoS model (per aggregate) inspired from the DiffServ approach widely used in fixed IP networks. This model provides a simple, efficient and cost-effective IP level QoS management with a performance level similar to standardized solutions. However, as it requires enhancements in the eNB, this scheme cannot be expected in mobile networks before a rather long time.Thus, we introduce Slo-Mo, which is a lightweight implicit mechanism for managing QoS from a distant point when the congestion point (e.g. eNB) is not able to do it. Slo-Mo creates a self-adaptive bottleneck which adjusts dynamically to the available resources taking advantage of TCP native flow control. Straightforward QoS management at IP level is then performed in the Slo-Mo node, leading to enhanced customer experience at a marginal cost and short term
Pham, Duc-Thinh. "Prédiction de trajectoire et avis de résolution de conflits de trafic aérien basée sur l’apprentissage automatique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP027.
The increasing in traffic demand has strained air traffic control system and controllers which lead to the need of novel and efficient conflict detection and resolution advisory. In the scope of this thesis, we concentrate on studying challenges in conflict detection and resolution by using machine learning approaches. We have attempted to learn and predict controller behaviors from data using Random Forest. We also propose a novel approach for probabilistic conflict detection by using Heteroscedastic Gaussian Process as predictive models and Bayesian Optimization for probabilistic conflict detection algorithm. Finally, we propose an artificial intelligent agent that is capable of resolving conflicts, in the presence of traffic and uncertainty. The conflict resolution task is formulated as a decision-making problem in large and complex action space, which is applicable for employing reinforcement learning algorithm. Our work includes the development of a learning environment, scenario state representation, reward function, and learning algorithm. Machine learning methods have showed their advantages and potential in conflict detection and resolution related challenges. However, more studies would be conducted to improve their performances such as airspace network representation, multi-agent reinforcement learning or controller's strategy reconstruction from data
Nguyen, Huy-Hoang. "Coordination des avions pour la résolution de conflits : Une approche basée sur le graphe PERT disjonctif." Compiègne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004COMP1493.
Haddad, Ramzi. "Coordination des conflits aériens en présence d’incertitudes : Une étude basée sur l'ordonnancement à contraintes de ressources." Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1634.
The volume of the air traffic increased 80% in ten years, a growth that is called to continue. The improvements of the present systems of air-traffic management should permit to face this increase until the middle of the next decade. Ln response to this necessity, this thesis work is located between the junctions of two domains: project resources constraints scheduling and the air-traffic coordination. We constructed a dynamic system that permits to resolve air traffic management problems under uncertainties while integrating various techniques adapted to the hazards existing in the context. Our privileged application domain was the coordination (En-Route) of the aerial traffic. This type of project presents features raising form scheduling and organization under uncertainties domains
Nguyen, Minh Duc. "Méthodologie de test de systèmes mobiles : une approche basée sur les scénarios." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/775/.
Advances in wireless networking have yielded the development of mobile computing applications. Their unique characteristics provide new challenges for verification. This dissertation elaborates on the testing technology for mobile systems. As a first step, a review of the state-of-the-art is performed together with a case study - a group membership protocol (GMP) in mobile ad hoc settings - that allowed us to gain insights into testing problems. We present, then, a testing approach which bases on the descriptions of scenarios. We note that the scenario interactions must take into account the spatial configurations of nodes as first class concepts. To cover new specificities of mobile systems in description languages, we introduce some extensions that focus on spatio-temporal relations between nodes and on broadcast communication. The processing of spatial aspect leads to the development of the tool GraphSeq. GraphSeq aims to analyze test traces in order to identify occurrences of successive spatial patterns described in an abstract scenario. The application of GraphSeq (support to implementation of test cases, verification of trace coverage) is shown with the analysis of outputs of a simulator and execution traces of the case study GMP
Tagnithammou, Tafsut. "Solution de mobilité personnelle basée sur une stratégie de collaboration Conducteur/Véhicule/Environnement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG046.
The work of this thesis concerns an assistance architecture for a new mobility solution Gyrolift. This standing wheelchair is the integration of a robotic module on a gyropodic base. The device offers both seated and standing positions to wheelchair users.First, we present the concept of the Gyrolift compared to different competing solutions. This device is similar to an orthosis which offers a standing position with various physiological and psychological advantages : improvement of the respiratory function, blood circulation, bone consolidation and increased autonomy.A human-machine interaction is established between the user and the Gyrolift. Due to its novelty, a stress can be felt. This emotional state can disturb the balance and well being of the driver. We adressed this issue by demonstrating that a stress can be felt by Gyrolift users.Then, we proposed an acquisition chain which estimates the emotional state of the driver. We observe the heart rate variability using a non-invasive solution "camera" with the Photoplethymography principle.The proposed solution has been tested. in static and quasi-dynamic conditions in order to simulate the use of the Gyrolift. We can establish wether the user is "stressed" or "relaxed". We presented the obtained results. Research shows that it is posssible to determine the emotional state using a camera by estimating the heart rate activity. Finally, we proposed a reactive control architecture for the Gyrolift control. It assists, optimizes and secures the user. We defined the different functionalities of the device which are : verticalization ; managing balance ; controling crutches for transfer ; autonomy management and integration of the control. A hierarchy of functionalities has been established according to the use cases.The architecture is embedded in the last prototype of the Gyrolift which will be marketed in 2021
El, Yadari Nizare. "Identification des défauts vus lors d'un contrôle non destructif ultrasonore par méthode d'inversion basée sur des résultats de modèles directs." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077096.
This work aims at improving ultrasonic non-destructive testing methods in their ability to identify and size defects ultrasonic indications measured in a Bscan image resuit from different echo-formation mechanisms: specular refexion, diffraction, mode conversion. Moreover, since defects are close to the backwall surface of the component, appear echoes involving one reflection onto the backwall either for the incoming wave or for the wave scattered by the defect (corner effects) and echoes not due to the presence of a defect but to an irregularity of the part boundary. Consequently, the Bscan image is complicated and its interpretation is a difficult task. Our main objective is to obtain automatically defect characteristics (type, geometrical parameters) from an ultrasonic Bscan image. For this, an inverse method based on a two-step algorithm has been developped. The first step aims at defining a set of probable defects. The second step aims at finding among them the most probable solution. The performance of the proposed procédure is demonstrated by numerical simulations and experimental measurements
El, Hadef Jamil. "Approche quasi-systématique du contrôle de la chaîne d'air des moteurs suralimentés, basée sur la commande prédictive non linéaire explicite." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062186.
El, Hadef Jamil. "Approche quasi-systématique du contrôle de la chaîne d’air des moteurs suralimentés, basée sur la commande prédictive non linéaire explicite." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2002/document.
The hundreds of millions of passenger cars and other vehicles on our roads emphasize our society’s reliance on internal combustion engines. Despite striking progress in terms of pollutant emissions and fuel consumption, gasoline and diesel engines remain one of the most important sources of air pollution in modern urban areas. This leads the authorities to lay down increasingly drastic pollutant emission standards, which entail ever more complex engine technical definitions. In particular, due to an increasing number of actuators in the past few years, the air path of internal combustion engines represents one of the biggest challenges of engine control design. The present thesis addresses this issue of increasing engine complexity with respect to the continuous reduction in development time, dictated by a more and more competitive globalized market. The proposal consists in a three-step approach that combines physics-based engine modeling, nonlinear model predictive control and multi-parametric nonlinear programming. The latter leads to an explicit piecewise affine feedback control law, compatible with a real-time implementation. The proposed approach is applied to the particular case of the control of the air path of a turbocharged gasoline engine. Overall, the developments presented in this thesis provide a quasi-systematic approach for the synthesis of the control of the air path of turbocharged gasoline engines. Intuitively, this approach can be extended to other control loops in both gasoline and diesel engines
Passama, Robin. "Conception et développement de contrôleurs de robots - Une méthodologie basée sur les composants logiciels." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00084351.
Hu, Wei. "Identification de paramètre basée sur l'optimisation de l'intelligence artificielle et le contrôle de suivi distribué des systèmes multi-agents d'ordre fractionnaire." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0008/document.
This thesis deals with the parameter identification from the viewpoint of optimization and distributed tracking control of fractional-order multi-agent systems (FOMASs) considering time delays, external disturbances, inherent nonlinearity, parameters uncertainties, and heterogeneity under fixed undirected/directed communication topology. Several efficient controllers are designed to achieve the distributed tracking control of FOMASs successfully under different conditions. Several kinds of artificial intelligence optimization algorithms andtheir modified versions are applied to identify the unknown parameters of the FOMASs with high accuracy, fast convergence and strong robustness. It should be noted that this thesis provides a promising link between the artificial intelligence technique and distributed control
Hrarti, Miryem. "Optimisation du contrôle de débit de H. 264/AVC basée sur une nouvelle modélisation Débit-Quantification et une allocation sélective de bits." Poitiers, 2011. http://nuxeo.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/181e500b-af8c-42a0-b134-b1ce33fd4c56.
The explosion of multimedia applications is largely due to the efficiency of the compression techniques used. H. 264/AVC, also known as MPEG-4 Part 10 is the newest video coding standard. It is more effective than previous standards (MPEG1, MPEG2, part 4, H26x…) and achieves significant compression gains. As for other standards, the rate control is a key element of H. 264/AVC because it helps to regulate the visual quality of the reconstructed sequence while respecting the bandwidth constraints imposed by the channel transmission. In accordance with the specified target bit-rate, the rate control algorithm determines appropriately the quantization parameters. Basically, a first Rate-Quantization function elaborates a relationship between the rate and the quantization parameter (QP). A second function called Distortion-Quantization estimates the distortion (or quality) of the reconstructed video based on the used quantization parameter. These two functions lead together to a relationship (usually quadratic) between the quantization parameter, the target number of bits and the basic unit (Frame, Slice, macroblock or set of macroblocks) statistics. These functions have been the subject of several studies. The models that have been adopted and therefore recommended by the group standardization, do not generally offer better performances and they are far from optimal. This thesis is in this context. Its main objective is to develop and design new techniques to improve the performance of the rate control algorithm and those of the H. 264/AVC standard. These techniques are based on both a detailed analysis of the major current limitations and a wide literature review. Our purpose is to provide a more appropriate determination of the quantization parameter, a selective bit allocation that integrates Human Visual System properties and enhances the reconstructed video quality. To determine accurately the quantization parameter, two Rate-Quantization models (R-Q) have been proposed. The first model designed for Intra-Frames, is a non-linear one. It is used to determine the optimal initial quantization parameter, while exploiting the relationship between the target bit-rate and the complexity of Intra-Frames. The second model is a logarithmic one and it is designed for Inter coding units. It replaces the two models used by the H. 264/AVC rate controller and reduces the computational complexity. The frame layer bit allocation of the H. 264/AVC baseline profile remains basic. It assumes that GOPs (Groups Of Pictures) have similar characteristics and the target number of bits are fairly allocated to coding units regardless of their complexity. For a more accurate bit allocation, a new model has been proposed including two complexity measures. The first is a motion ratio determined from the actual bits used to encode the previous frames. The second measure uses the difference between adjacent frames and the histogram of this difference. Finally, to better control the visual quality of the reconstructed video, a saliency map is included into the bit allocation process. The saliency map generated by a bottom-up approach, simulates the human visual attention. It has been used to adjust the quantization parameter at frame layer. This adjustment allows the assignment of more bits to frames containing more salient regions (supposed to be more important than others). At macroblock layer, the saliency map is exploited to efficiently allocate the number of bits among the macroblocks of the same frame. This bit repartition by ''region'' of interest improves the visual quality of the frame. Experimental simulations show that the proposed models, when compared with two recent algorithms of rate control (JVT-O016 and JM15. 0), improve significantly the coding performances in terms of average bit-rates and PSNR. More consistent quality and therefore a quality smoothness through frames is also observed
Tebbani, Badis. "Gestion des réseaux basée sur les contrats de niveaux de service-SLA- : application dans un environnement sans fil-." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066560.
Piriou, Pierre-Yves. "Contribution à l'analyse de sûreté de fonctionnement basée sur les modèles des systèmes dynamiques, réparables et reconfigurables." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLN012/document.
Existing works on Model Based Safety Analysis of an automated system generally focus on the process part. Process reconfiguration strategies that are driven by the control are often modeled without failure and with a lack of accuracy. However these strategies have a real impact on the safety of the closed-loop system. In order to improve the relevance of analysis, this impact has to be captured in models. This thesis contributes to modeling and analysis of dynamic repairable reconfigurable systems. Firstly a new modeling formalism is proposed to relevantly take into account different reconfiguration strategies that can fail. This formalism develops and generalizes the principle of Boolean logic Driven Markov Processes (BDMP), and enriches it with Moore machine for formally specifying reconfiguration strategies. In a second stage, two analysis techniques based on a Generalized BDMP (GBDMP) model are described. These techniques allow to obtain a qualitative result: the set of shortest Minimal Cut Sequences (MCS), and a quantitative result: probabilistic indicator of system availability. Finally, a case study coming from the electric power production field is addressed. This case study shows how several industrial problems can be solved in GBDMP framework
Beraud, Benoit. "Méthodologie d'optimisation du contrôle/commande des usines de traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines basée sur la modélisation et les algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457236.
Faravelon, Aurélien. "Une démarche de conception et d'implémentation de la protection de la vie privée basée sur le contrôle d'accès appliquée aux compositions de services." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENM036/document.
Privacy is hot topic. Lawyers, technicians and plain people are all concerned by this notion. Nowadays, most discussions focus on the effects of digital tools, such as social media or surveillance software. However, privacy is still ill-defined. Moreover, digital tools which endanger privacy are widely used. Should not we leave privacy aside and accept that we are, maybe more than ever, visible ?In this doctoral thesis, I address this question from a twofold viewpoint. I first inquire into the nature of our digital condition from a philosophical standpoint. I claim that digital artifacts rework the implementation of our frontiers, be them geographical or social. However, I contend that such frontiers are necessary. As I show that code defines the structure and the effects of digital tools, I point out that properties such as privacy management should be addressed right from the conception of software applications.Helping out designers to address such properties is the second issue I tackle. I focus on Service-Oriented Computing as it is a widely used paradigm. Most speci- fically, I deal with the composition of heterogenous and dynamic services. I define access control as an efficient mechanism to protect privacy and I propose a twofold generative approach to secure services compositions. The composition and its access control policies are separately defined at an abstract level. An expert is responsible for each of them. As we promote an abstract description of the application, we free the designer from technical complexity. At runtime, we propose an architecture which selects and protects the actual services by hiding them behind proxies which run the access control policy. Automated model transformations permit to generate the application from its specification. We thus bypass manual programming. We have implemented a modeling and execution environment and applied our approach to a use case in order to validate our work
Beraud, Benoît. "Méthodologie d’optimisation du contrôle/commande des usines de traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines basée sur la modélisation et les algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20049.
The work presented in this thesis concerns the development of an optimization methodology for control laws of wastewater treatment plants. This work is based on the use of WWTP process models in order to simulate their operation. These simulations are used by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, NSGA-II. This optimization algorithm allows the search of optimal solutions when multiple objectives are considered (e. G. The effluent quality, energy consumption, etc. ). It also enables the visualisation of compromises arising between various control laws as well as their respective best domains of application. In a first part of this work, the optimization methodology in developed around four main axes: the conception of a robust simulation procedure, the choice of input datasets for the simulations, the choice of objectives and constraints to consider and the evaluation of long term performances and robustness of control laws. This methodology is then applied on the literature case study of BSM1. In a second part of the work, the methodology is applied on the real case study of Cambrai wastewater treatment plant. This application includes the development of new aspects like the generation of dynamic input datasets out of daily monitoring measurements of the wastewater treatment plant, as well as the simulation of control laws based on oxydo-reduction potential measurements. This application allowed to analyze the compromises between the control law currently tested on the wastewater treatment plant and a new control law foreseen. The benefits of this modification could hence be clearly observed
Buisson, Corinne. "Développement d'une stratégie analytique basée sur la spectrométrie de masse de rapport isotopique appliquée au contrôle de l'usage frauduleux d'hormones stéroïdes en élevage." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2090.
The use of steroid hormones for growth purpose is forbidden in the E. U. For cattle production (directive 96/22/EC). Non-ambiguous analytical criteria are not available for the control of steroids. A method using GC/C/IRMS was developed in order to check the illegal use of steroid hormones. By comparing the isotopic ratios 13C/12C of testosterone or estradiol metabolites to those of two endogenous reference compounds (DHEA and 5-androstene--diol), the determination of the metabolite's origin was made possible. After steroid administration, delta values 13CVPDB) of metabolites were depleted (–27‰ to –30‰), whereas those of precursors were found in-between –14‰ and –24‰ depending on the feeding of the animal. This 13CVPDB-difference metabolite-precursor permitted to prove the exogenou
Biaou, Ulrich. "Étude et mise en oeuvre d'une plateforme hybride basée sur du sans fil pour l'efficience énergétique et le contrôle d'accès dans le train." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0042/document.
The need of new services in railway trains (services for metering, energy efficiency, the comfort and safety of users etc.) may eventually saturate the wired communication systems installed since twenty years ago years. The several advantages of wireless sensor networks (easy deployment, ability to adapt on different environments and low energy consumption) offer many possibilities for energy management systems. The aim of this thesis is to study and implement a wireless network sensors inside trains for energy efficiency. Thus, some communication protocols dedicated to energy management were presented and then a comparative study of the various wireless communication networks carried out. This comparative study shows that the ZigBee network is the most suitable for the platform. The proposed hybrid architecture allows the use of the existing IP network as the backbone of all ZigBee networks. In order to take into account the effect of the railway environment in the planning and deployment of the network, a study of the propagation channel was carried out, based on measurements realized in a subway and a RER car. The impact of the coexistence between ZigBee and WiFi and of the human presence on wireless communication have been demonstrated. The prototype of a platform based on the ZigBee network, allows data collection, informations traitement and monitoring, was carried out
Pham, Hoang Anh. "Coordination de systèmes sous-marins autonomes basée sur une méthodologie intégrée dans un environnement Open-source." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOUL0020.
This thesis studies the coordination of autonomous underwater robots in the context of coastal seabed exploration or facility inspections. Investigating an integrated methodology, we have created a framework to design and simulate low-cost underwater robot controls with different model assumptions of increasing complexity (linear, non-linear, and finally non-linear with uncertainties). By using this framework, we have studied algorithms to solve the problem of formation control, collision avoidance between robots and obstacle avoidance of a group of underwater robots. More precisely, we first consider underwater robot models as linear systems of simple integrator type, from which we can build a formation controller using consensus and avoidance algorithms. We then extend these algorithms for the nonlinear dynamic model of a Bluerov robot in an iterative design process. Then we have integrated a Radial Basis Function neural network, already proven in convergence and stability, with the algebraic controller to estimate and compensate for uncertainties in the robot model. Finally, we have presented simulation results and real basin tests to validate the proposed concepts. This work also aims to convert a remotely operated ROV into an autonomous ROV-AUV hybrid
Théro, Héloïse. "Contrôle, agentivité et apprentissage par renforcement." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE028/document.
Sense of agency or subjective control can be defined by the feeling that we control our actions, and through them effects in the outside world. This cluster of experiences depend on the ability to learn action-outcome contingencies and a more classical algorithm to model this originates in the field of human reinforcementlearning. In this PhD thesis, we used the cognitive modeling approach to investigate further the interaction between perceived control and reinforcement learning. First, we saw that participants undergoing a reinforcement-learning task experienced higher agency; this influence of reinforcement learning on agency comes as no surprise, because reinforcement learning relies on linking a voluntary action and its outcome. But our results also suggest that agency influences reinforcement learning in two ways. We found that people learn actionoutcome contingencies based on a default assumption: their actions make a difference to the world. Finally, we also found that the mere fact of choosing freely shapes the learning processes following that decision. Our general conclusion is that agency and reinforcement learning, two fundamental fields of human psychology, are deeply intertwined. Contrary to machines, humans do care about being in control, or about making the right choice, and this results in integrating information in a one-sided way
Duval, Jean-Baptiste. "Détection numérique de petites imperfections de conductivité en 2D et 3D par une méthode dynamique basée sur l'équation des ondes et le contrôle géométrique." Phd thesis, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429530.
Meghnoudj, Houssem. "Génération de caractéristiques à partir de séries temporelles physiologiques basée sur le contrôle optimal parcimonieux : application au diagnostic de maladies et de troubles humains." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALT003.
In this thesis, a novel methodology for features generation from physiological signals (EEG, ECG) has been proposed that is used for the diagnosis of a variety of brain and heart diseases. Based on sparse optimal control, the generation of Sparse Dynamical Features (SDFs) is inspired by the functioning of the brain. The method's fundamental concept revolves around sparsely decomposing the signal into dynamical modes that can be switched on and off at the appropriate time instants with the appropriate amplitudes. This decomposition provides a new point of view on the data which gives access to informative features that are faithful to the brain functioning. Nevertheless, the method remains generic and versatile as it can be applied to a wide range of signals. The methodology's performance was evaluated on three use cases using openly accessible real-world data: (1) Parkinson's Disease, (2) Schizophrenia, and (3) various cardiac diseases. For all three applications, the results are highly conclusive, achieving results that are comparable to the state-of-the-art methods while using only few features (one or two for brain applications) and a simple linear classifier supporting the significance and reliability of the findings. It's worth highlighting that special attention has been given to achieving significant and meaningful results with an underlying explainability
Brahimi, Belynda. "Proposition d'une approche intégrée basée sur les réseaux de Petri de haut niveau pour simuler et évaluer les systèmes contrôlés en réseau." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00200431.
Lachance, Luc. "Observation de procédés basée sur des sous-modèles : applications au traitement et au transport de la matière." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24632/24632.pdf.
Brahimi, Belynda. "Proposition d’une approche intégrée basée sur les réseaux de Petri de Haut Niveau pour simuler et évaluer les systèmes contrôlés en réseau." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN10095/document.
The Networked Control Systems (NCS) used in collaborative, and distributed applications are based both on identification of application requirements named Quality of Control (QoC), and on performance evaluation of network to obtain the required Quality of Service (QoS). The pluridisciplinary aspect of NCS needs the knowledge of many domains such as information theory, robotics, sensors and networks. In general, two approaches are investigated in NCS: the first one deals with the compensation of the network perturbations by using control theory (control over network). The second one adapts the network performances according to the application needs (control of network). The objective of this thesis is to propose an integrated modelling environment to represent globally the NCS behaviour by using the High Level Petri Nets (HLPN) formalism. This work considers NCS based on switched Ethernet architectures. Such communication architecture is modelled with HLPN and is evaluated according to different scheduling mechanisms and traffic load. After that, NCS model based on HLPN is proposed. This model integrates the Ethernet switch model and applicative environment of NCS: controller, process… Finally, the strategies to control the network in order to adapt the QoS according to the QoC required by the application are proposed. These strategies are achieved using priority static and Weighted Round Robin policies. The obtained results show that the scheduling mechanisms enable to improve the performance of communication system and then to improve the application performances
Lebrun, Tristan. "Modélisation multi-physique passive, identification, simulation, correction et asservissement de haut-parleur sur des comportements cibles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS686.
This thesis concerns electrodynamic loudspeaker modeling, simulation and control. Regarding modeling, we adopt a component-based approach that relies on port-Hamiltonian systems. Several linear and nonlinear phenomena are thus modeled and then aggregated in a multi-physical framework. Particular attention is paid to the impact of thermal effects on electrical and mechanical components, for which we introduce new irreversible conservative models. The simulations regenerate known complex behaviors. A first open-loop control is developed to eliminate distortions by differential flatness. In order to provide the controller with the model's nonlinearity parameters, an ad hoc estimation method is proposed. This combines a separation of the measurement into sub-signals (organized in a homogeneous order of non-linearity) and the optimization of a cost function (improving the contrast between orders). After numerical validation, estimation and control methods are applied on a test bench. The estimated physical parameters are consistent but the re-simulated time signals indicate the need of improvement of the model at very low frequency and to use higher homogeneous orders. The real-time corrector leads to a measurable reduction of the distortions on the sound pressure. In addition, another open-loop control is developed to compensate for the Doppler effect due to the movement of the membrane. Finally, methods on closed-loop control are proposed. One targets acoustic absorption by combining "control law in finite time" (for efficiency) and "passivity" (for robustness). The other, more general, develops an "half-physical, half-digital" method of connection between a physical system and a digital controller that makes the passivity insensitive to the delay introduced by the digital signal processor
Denisse, Munante. "Une approche basée sur l'Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles pour identifier, concevoir et évaluer des aspects de sécurité." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3035/document.
Software engineering is an interdisciplinary approach aiming to formalize the development of systems. This approach begins with defining system requirements and then continues with defining the design, implementation and validation of systems. Historically, systems were isolated and often based on proprietary technologies. Todays, computer systems are interconnected using Internet and standard technologies by promoting interoperability. In spite of undeniable contributions, these changes engender new risks of computer vulnerabilities/attacks. To cope with these risks, information security has improved to implement more or less reliable counter-measures. This thesis is situated at the intersection/crossroads of the software engineering and the information security. It aims to propose an approach that integrates these two fields in a collaborative and complementary manner. Although both fields are closely related, there are few approaches that integrate security aspects into software engineering process, much less from engineering requirements, which allow the assessment of security policies from a high level of abstraction. Hence, this thesis makes a contribution in this area. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose an approach based on MDE (Model-Driven Engineering) and MDA (Model Driven Architecture) which integrates software engineering and information security using models. This approach allows to identify, to design and to assess security aspects in the stages of the system development in order to obtain secure systems
Lacroix, Julien. "Vers un cloud de confiance : modèles et algorithmes pour une provenance basée sur les contrôles d'accès." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4365.
This document is the culmination of three years of thesis. Having introduced and cleared the general issue related to my thesis subject, i.e. « how to use provenance data to enforce trust in the Cloud? », I present a description of the concepts, models and languages related to my thesis and the state of the art that can partially address this issue. Secondly, I present the solution based on provenance that I bring to access controls, in distributed systems such as the Cloud: PBAC². It is based on a system combining both provenance models (PROV-DM) and access controls (generic rules of RBAC type with regimentation and regulation policies). This system uses a central execution engine denoted the mediator to enforce security and foster trust in the Cloud, via rule checking over a part of the retrospective provenance graph it received. Furthermore, I describe the study I made of three PBAC² extensions: (1) the integration of the PROV-O ontology and its pros and cons regarding the size of the (sub)graph received by the mediator; (2) the construction of the PBAC² adaptation with the regulation security approach; (3) the translation of PBAC² rules into PROV CONSTRAINTS constraints. Moreover, PBAC² is applied to a realistic example that belongs to the healthcare sector. A PBAC² prototype and a demonstration on some practical examples with a local machine and a real Cloud system illustrate the scope of this work. In conclusion of the thesis, I propose four perspectives of this work
Anna, François. "Développement d'une immunothérapie anti-tumorale basée sur un récepteur antigénique chimérique (CAR) ciblant le point de contrôle immunitaire HLA-G : implications pour les tumeurs et leur microenvironnement." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=4021&f=26655.
Over the last decade, anti-tumor immunotherapies have been a breakthrough in the oncology field following the clinical successes obtained with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPs) or chimeric antigenic receptors (CAR) based therapies. However, they are less effective against solid tumors, especially because of the lack of tumor specific antigen and of a tumor microenvironment capable of inhibiting the immune response favoring the tumor expansion. The HLA-G molecule is an immunosuppressive protein originally exclusively demonstrated to be involved in maternal-fetal tolerance but whose function has been hijacked by tumors to inhibit and escape from immune responses. HLA-G is now identified as an exquisite tumor associated antigen and its inhibition is crucial to restore the anti-tumor immune responses. Yet, no immunotherapy directed against HLA-G has been developed to date.The lack of effective treatment against or targeting HLA-G is related to the inefficiency to induce antibodies against this complex protein since HLA-G could be expressed through several isoforms that are immunosuppressives. In the first part of this study, thanks to an original immunization method based on the use of lentiviral vectors, we demonstrate the possibility to generate antibodies which are capable to recognize the HLA-G interaction domain with its receptors and are expected to inhibit the ICP function of HLA-G. The second part describes a CAR-T cell immunotherapy targeting HLA-G for its TAA properties. We first focused on the regulation and on the expression of the CAR chain at the transcriptional level. This approach was meant to limit the side effects caused by CAR therapies such as continuous activation of the CAR-T cells or elimination of healthy cells expressing the targeted antigen. We then generated two new 3rd generation CARs demonstrated to specifically recognize major HLA-G isoforms expressed by tumor cells and to eradicate HLA-G expressing tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Several optimizations were carried out on the CAR chain structure to increase CAR-T cells cytotoxic function and to control their persistence through the insertion of the iC9 suicide gene. Given the results presented here, we provide the first vitro and vivo proofs of concept that a CAR therapy directly targeting HLA-G, and more generally an ICP is strikingly efficient.Finally, we discussed the potential for both anti-HLA-G blocking monoclonal antibodies and CAR-T cells immunotherapies against solid tumors and its implication against the tumor microenvironment and possible combinations with other immunotherapies
Rezaeimalek, Mohammad. "Planification des activités d’inspection sous incertitude basée sur les conditions de maintenance préventive d’un système de production série." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0007.
Part Quality Inspection Planning (PQIP) is a significant problem in multi-stage manufacturing systems. Because of an existing strong impact of Preventive Maintenance (PM) activities on the defective production rate (which is the main input of the PQIP), developing an integrated planning for the part quality inspection and PM protects system from a local optimum. This thesis presents mixed-integer linear programming models for the integrated planning problem of the part quality inspection and PM activities in a serial multi-stage manufacturing system. The models concurrently determine the right time and place for performing the above-mentioned activities while the stages are deteriorating. These two decisions are made while the models are to minimize the total cost (including the production, PM, inspection, scrap, repair, and the penalty of shipped defective items) and maximize system productivity. Notably, the system productivity is formulized as a non-linear measure, and then it is linearized by the piecewise linear approximation technique. In addition, the uncertainty about the estimation of cost components and demand is handled by a robust possibilistic approach. A numerical example and a real case study are investigated to validate and verify the proposed models. The most important result of this research is that the determination of inspection locations along a manufacturing line in different periods of time regarding the impact of preventive maintenance activities on defective production probability results in a more efficient system
Fakhfakh, Kaouthar. "Approche sémantique basée sur les intentions pour la modélisation, la négociation et la surveillance des contrats de qualité de service." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences Sociales - Toulouse I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677398.
Losa, Damiana. "Planification de manœuvres à poussée forte vs à poussée faible pour le maintien à poste de satellites géostationnaires." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00173537.
Dès son apparition, la technologie des systèmes de propulsion à poussée faible a rencontré un vif intérêt auprès des agences et des sociétés spatiales. Grâce à sa haute impulsion spécifique (qui implique une basse consommation de carburant), cette technologie est devenue très compétitive par rapport à la technologie traditionnelle des propulseurs chimiques à poussée forte, surtout dans les phases de transfert et rendez-vous des missions spatiales.
Pendant la définition des missions à poussée faible, les analyses de faisabilité des phases de transfert et rendez-vous (via la solution de problèmes d'optimisation de trajectoire) ont été réalisées avec des solutions d'optimisation alternatives. En effet, pendant ces phases, il est nécessaire d'activer les systèmes de propulsion à faible poussée sur des longues portions du temps de transfert.
Par conséquent, les problèmes d'optimisation de trajectoire à poussée forte (typiquement formulés en temps discret) ont été remplacés par des problèmes d'optimisation de trajectoire à poussée faible formulés en temps continu et résolus par des techniques de contrôle en temps continu.
Le premier objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre quel est l'impact de la technologie à faible poussée lors de l'analyse de faisabilité de la phase de maintien à poste de satellites géostationnaires. Nous étudions en particulier l'impact de l'utilisation des systèmes de propulsion à faible poussée sur la planification de manœuvres et sur la boucle entière de maintien à poste géostationnaire.
L'étude consiste à déduire si la planification de manœuvres à poussée faible est compétitive au regard des stratégies classiques de planification couramment employées pour des manœuvres à poussée forte.
Généralement, les stratégies classiques à long terme pour le maintien à poste sont déduites de modèles de propagation d'orbite simplifiés (en fonctions des paramètres orbitaux moyennés) par la conjonction des trois facteurs suivants : la forte poussée des propulseurs, la dimension de la fenêtre de maintien à poste pas très contraignante ainsi que la possibilité d'exécuter des manœuvres à basse fréquence.
Dans le cadre de cette thèse, compte tenu du faible niveau des poussées et des contraintes strictes en position (fenêtres de maintien à poste petites), nous considérons comme plus appropriés l'hypothèse d'une plus haute fréquence de manœuvres et l'utilisation d'un modèle de propagation d'orbite en fonction de paramètres osculateurs.
Pour la planification de manœuvres, nous proposons une solution par approche directe : le problème de maintien à poste en tant que problème de contrôle optimal est discrétisé et traduit en un problème d'optimisation paramétrique. Deux techniques différentes d'optimisation sont proposées : l'optimisation sous contraintes à horizon fixe et celle à horizon glissant.
Cette deuxième technique est appliquée aux équations linéarisées du mouvement préalablement transformées via un changement de variable à la Lyapunov sur l'état des déviations des paramètres équinoxiaux osculateurs. Cette transformation de Lyapunov définit des nouveaux paramètres orbitaux. Elle rend le processus de planification plus compréhensible du point de vue du contrôle et plus facile à implémenter d'un point de vue numérique, grâce aux concepts de platitude et inclusion différentielles.
Les résultats de la planification de manœuvres à poussée faible sont obtenus dans un premier temps en fonction des changements de vitesse, dans un deuxième temps en fonction des forces engendrées par les tuyères des systèmes de propulsion classiques. Le but est de déterminer la solution la plus efficace en conditions nominales et en cas de panne d'un des propulseurs.
Le problème du positionnement simultané de plusieurs satellites dans une même grande fenêtre de maintien à poste n'est pas adressé explicitement. Il est implicitement résolu en proposant une technique fine de contrôle pour maintenir chaque satellite à poste dans une fenêtre de dimension très petite.
Merino, Laso Pedro. "Détection de dysfonctionements et d'actes malveillants basée sur des modèles de qualité de données multi-capteurs." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0056/document.
Naval systems represent a strategic infrastructure for international commerce and military activity. Their protection is thus an issue of major importance. Naval systems are increasingly computerized in order to perform an optimal and secure navigation. To attain this objective, on board vessel sensor systems provide navigation information to be monitored and controlled from distant computers. Because of their importance and computerization, naval systems have become a target for hackers. Maritime vessels also work in a harsh and uncertain operational environments that produce failures. Navigation decision-making based on wrongly understood anomalies can be potentially catastrophic.Due to the particular characteristics of naval systems, the existing detection methodologies can't be applied. We propose quality evaluation and analysis as an alternative. The novelty of quality applications on cyber-physical systems shows the need for a general methodology, which is conceived and examined in this dissertation, to evaluate the quality of generated data streams. Identified quality elements allow introducing an original approach to detect malicious acts and failures. It consists of two processing stages: first an evaluation of quality; followed by the determination of agreement limits, compliant with normal states to identify and categorize anomalies. The study cases of 13 scenarios for a simulator training platform of fuel tanks and 11 scenarios for two aerial drones illustrate the interest and relevance of the obtained results
Doumbo, Ogobara. "Epidémiologie du paludisme au Mali : étude de la chloroquinorésistance, essai de stratégie de contrôle basée sur l'utilisation de rideaux imprégnés de perméthrine associée au traitement systématique des accès fébriles." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20039.
Fall, Dame. "Développement d'une technique à double Chirp spatio-temporel basée sur des capteurs SAW-IDT : application à la caractérisation de couches minces et de revêtements fonctionnels." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016VALE0011/document.
This work is within the scope of characterization of thin layers, coatings and functional surfaces (thickness, elastic constants,…). Among the characterization methods, the ultrasonic methods using surface acoustic waves are particularly interesting. In order to do this, we chose to make use the dispersion phenomenon of Rayleigh-like surface acoustic waves. Indeed, the propagation of these waves is close to the surface of material and the energy is concentrated within a layer under the surface of about one wavelength thick. In order to characterize these coatings and structures, it is necessary to perform measurements in high frequencies. On the other hand, these coatings can be fragile and transparent, this is why in this study, SAW-IDT sensors are achieved for surface acoustic wave generation. For optimization of these SAW-IDT sensors, particularly their band-width, it is necessary to study various IDT configurations by varying the number of electrodes, dimensions of the electrodes, their shapes and spacings. Finally, to generate the surface acoustic waves over a wide frequency range with sufficient displacement amplitude for the characterization of thin films and coatings, a time-space chirp technique with SAW-IDT sensors was selected. We have shown the potential of this approach by characterizing firstly thin metallic layers, and secondly transparent coatings obtained by the sol-gel process