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Статті в журналах з теми "Contexte sociotechnique"
Couturier, Yves, and Dominique Gagnon. "Le rapport des praticiens à la standardisation véhiculée par les dispositifs sociotechniques promouvant l’intégration des services en France." Phronesis 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051689ar.
Повний текст джерелаBoucher, Martin. "Le rôle du contexte dans le jugement de pertinence en situation de repérage d’information." Documentation et bibliothèques 59, no. 1 (September 23, 2015): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1033116ar.
Повний текст джерелаHenry, Antoine. "Hybridation numérique d’une organisation énergétique. Analyse de son contexte de faisabilité sociotechnique." Les cahiers du numérique 15, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 113–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/lcn.15.4.113-136.
Повний текст джерелаGeorge, Éric. "De la complexité des relations entre démocratie et TIC." Le dossier : TIC et citoyenneté : de nouvelles pratiques sociales dans la société de l’information 21, no. 1 (November 20, 2008): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019357ar.
Повний текст джерелаCoutant, Alexandre, and Josianne Millette. "Les métiers de l’influence en contexte numérique : une approche sociotechnique des pratiques professionnelles." Communication et organisation, no. 60 (December 1, 2021): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/communicationorganisation.10445.
Повний текст джерелаFuhrer, Chantal. "Diminuer le technostress pour que s’exprime la capacité d’absorption de l’utilisateur ?" La Revue des Sciences de Gestion N° 309-310, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsg.309.0058.
Повний текст джерелаQueste, Jérôme, and Tom Wassenaar. "Comment la recherche concertée contribue à l'écologie territoriale." Cahiers Agricultures 27, no. 1 (January 2018): 15006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2017059.
Повний текст джерелаBoukhriss, Sanae, Marie Dervillé, and Marie-Benoit Magrini. "Les parties prenantes du secteur laitier convergent-elles vers une ambition partagée ? Une analyse lexicométrique dans le cadre de la réforme de la PAC." Économie rurale 389 (2024): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/127lw.
Повний текст джерелаFagadé, Carole, Elodie Tapsoba, Ibrahim Maidakouale, and Delcia Mboumba Ndembi. "Technologies numériques éducatives et nouvelles sociabilités en contexte universitaire africain." Médiations et médiatisations, no. 17 (April 22, 2024): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52358/mm.vi17.387.
Повний текст джерелаWainer, Daniel Ferrera. "A Kind of Magic. Notes on a Recording Studio in São Paulo and Music Production Rituals." Volume ! 21 : 1-2 (2024): 55–69. https://doi.org/10.4000/12vkd.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Contexte sociotechnique"
Stephens, Raphaël. "Circuits alimentaires alternatifs et transition du régime de "provision". Etude sociotechnique dans le contexte francilien." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IAVF0002.
Повний текст джерелаCan the food system change ? As they formulate criticisms toward the regime which dominates food provision, alternative phenomena have, for over twenty years now, suggested that the sustainability, quality, and transparency of food provisioning could improve by shortening relations between producers and consumers. The discourses, practices, and innovations of such Alternative Food Networks (“AFN”) generate, through multiple oppositions to the industrial food provision regime, frictions among the latter. Having witnessed spectacular developments these past few years bringing quite a heterogeneous variety of AFN to the fore, this regime has begun to undergo a series of internal questionings and takes on local food. The theorization of these frictions can benefit advantageously from the Multi Level Perspective (“MLP”), a theoretical and methodological framework for research in transitions studies, which enables an evolutionist read on sociotechnical regimes, in particular regarding their relations with alternative, innovative niches. With the help of robust sociohistoric analysis and fieldwork, it then becomes possible to reflect upon the modalities which could bring about a food provision regime transition through the shortening of links between producers and eaters.The thesis thus proposes two analytical foci: the food provision regime; and Alternative Food Networks. It calls upon a composite methodology to address data which are very heterogeneous in nature and stem from distributed empirical fields: discourse analysis through lexicometrics, the analysis of digital traces, the study of institutional displays, in-depth interviews, and ethnography-inspired observations. Aiming at meso-level theorizations, the thesis targets – as they question themselves on local food issues – key actors representative of several competencies, which fulfill major functions in the provision regime: retail; fruit and vegetable supply; institutional food fairs. The alternative objects report, through their study, a multiplicity of forms of existence. Because these alternatives are partially intertwined with certain devices from the dominant regime, this leads the thesis toward the in-depth study of one of these AFN, which is very particular in that (i) its architecture stems from a hybrid between food alternatives and digital-material networks enabled through technological platforms, and (ii) the dataset which it offers is of unusually high standard.Through this distributed empirical approach, the thesis contributes to the characterization of a transition toward a digital-material provision regime based on prosumption through transparent customization. Dating the regime’s inflection point to the late 2000s, the conjunction of a crisis in the provision model with the explosion of digital flows as well as the continuous expansion of claims and practices in the realm of alternatives, appear to be able to quicken the pace of a transition pathway through a reconfiguration of the regime. The premise of this reconfiguration manifests itself through multiple evolutions in discourse which can be scrutinized within the regime, as well as the incorporation and the redisplay, in the realm of the regime, of alternative phenomena which participate increasingly in the characterization of new priorities which now redefine food specifications, provision practices, and provision flows. The accrued value of food products enriched with new alternative specifications which are conveyed through new virtual and material proximities thus intimate the regime to interrogate itself on the potential offered by the shortening of provision. Bridging three investigative fields (transitions; Alternative Food Networks; prosumption) which are, as of yet, relatively disconnected, the thesis thus opens research perspectives on the capacities through which such shortened markets may be able to capture the attention of food prosumers who likewise, are very much thriving
Meunier, Clémentine. "Réintégrer l'élevage dans les fermes et territoires de cultures : motivation des agriculteurs, contextes sociotechniques, pratiques et durabilité des fermes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP125.
Повний текст джерелаThe specialization of farms and regions toward either crop or livestock production leads to high environmental impacts worldwide. Yet, high-input specialized farming systems remain the mainstream. Opposing this trend, a few pioneer farmers are reintegrating (i.e. intentionally organizing the return of) livestock in specialized crop farms and regions. Such farming systems theoretically match the principles of agroecology, and may contribute to improve the environmental impacts of agricultural production. Yet, they have been understudied to date. In this Ph.D. work, I aimed to produce knowledge on why, in which contexts, how and with what impacts farmers are reintegrating livestock. To do so, I relied on an exploratory approach. I studied a wide diversity of French farms having reintegrated livestock on the farm or through partnership with a livestock farmer (i.e. with the crop farmer hosting livestock temporarily) including all crop and livestock production. I relied on a multi-level approach from the farmer, to the farm and the sociotechnical system, and interviewed diverse actors. I built on the innovation-tracking framework to unearth and document livestock reintegration as an example of agroecological innovation. I inventoried and ranked French farmers’ motivations for reintegrating livestock. Such motivations are diverse, the three main ones being: following personal ethical and moral values (e.g. aligning with environmental stewardship, undertaking a technical challenge) ; benefiting from ecosystem services, particularly soil quality and biodiversity promotion, to substitute input ; and improving and stabilizing income due to decreasing production costs and diversifying farm production.Beyond motivations, other determinants condition livestock reintegration. Through a transversal analysis of sociotechnical barriers and levers to reintegrating livestock in three regions of the world, I showed that such reintegration is particularly hindered by the lack of specific knowledge from all actors of the sociotechnical system and by the disappearance of livestock-related services (e.g. slaughterhouses) in specialized crop regions. Such barriers require collective actions to be raised. To contribute addressing this knowledge gap, and disentangle the benefits to expect from reintegrating livestock, I re-focused on the farm level and on French farms to characterize the changes in farming practices after reintegrating livestock and assess their agroenvironmental impacts in regard of farmers’ motivations. I showed that reintegrating livestock can be environmentally sustainable only if subsequent adaptations of the farming system are made to promote interactions between crop and livestock that reduce input use. As reintegrating livestock is a process of change by nature, I aimed at analysing the succession of events leading farmers to reintegrate livestock by providing a typology of trajectories they followed. The high diversity of my sample did not provide sufficient redundancy to do so. Yet, this failure questioned me on the way I, as a researcher, choose to emphasize or overshadow specific elements while analysing data and on how such choices condition my research results. I shared this epistemological reflection as an invitation to agricultural scientists to reflect on their research stances and practices. In my Ph.D. work, I provide first insights on the understudied topic of livestock reintegration by building a panorama of determinants leading to reintegrating livestock, actual changes in farming practices and their impacts. I identify sustainable forms of livestock reintegration that should be studied more in depth by research and identify conditions to support their scaling up. I contribute to enrich the innovation-tracking framework through an original approach studying across levels the determinants leading to agroecological innovations, and objectively assessing their agroenvironmental sustainability
Juge, Elodie. "La fabrique des conso-marchands : une approche par les dispositifs sociotechniques dans le contexte de la consommation collaborative." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2D011/document.
Повний текст джерелаCollaborative consumption is often presented as the new economy of sharing and advocates usage vs. ownership. However, it seems that certain collaborative practices are sources of hyperconsumption and that they actually encourage consumerism. As part of this doctoral research, we seek to identify and understand the rise of commercial skills among consumers. We take a sociotechnical dispositives approach to study this process in the context of collaborative consumption. Our results demonstrate that certain collaborative practices allow the expression of the entrepreneurial subject and fuel the neoliberal logic rather than question it. They also show that socio-technical dispositives are omnipresent and capable of mass shaping consumers, leading them to behave like consumer-seller within a "consumerist" heterotopy. Furthermore, our results reveal how the consumersellers studied, in the context of a jumble sale, certainly develop their entrepreneurship but nevertheless want to preserve a certain distance between game and reality to continue to "play shop"
De, Galizia Antonello. "Évaluation probabiliste de l’efficacité des barrières humaines prises dans leur contexte organisationnel." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0018/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe work carried out in this CIFRE PhD thesis is part of a long-term collaboration between CRAN and EDF R&D, one of the major results of which was the development of a risk analysis methodology called Integrated Risk Analysis (AiDR). This methodology deals with sociotechnical systems from technical, human and organizational points of view and whose equipment is subjected to maintenance and/or operation activities. This thesis aims to propose an evolution of the so-called "human barrier" model developed in the AiDR in order to evaluate the effectiveness of these human actions taken their organizational context. Our major contributions are organized around 3 axes: 1. Improvement of the pre-existing structure of the human barrier model to achieve a model based on performance shaping factors (PSF) provided by the Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) methods; 2. Integration of resilience and modeling of the interaction between resilient and pathogenic mechanisms impacting the effectiveness of activities in a probabilistic causal framework; 3. A global treatment of the expert judgments consistent with the mathematical structure of the proposed model in order to objectively estimate the parameters of the model. This treatment is based on a questionnaire to guide experts towards the evaluation of joint effects resulting from the interaction between pathogenic and resilient mechanisms. All of the proposed contributions have been validated on an application case involving a human barrier put in place during an external flooding occurring at an EDF power plant
De, Galizia Antonello. "Évaluation probabiliste de l’efficacité des barrières humaines prises dans leur contexte organisationnel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0018.
Повний текст джерелаThe work carried out in this CIFRE PhD thesis is part of a long-term collaboration between CRAN and EDF R&D, one of the major results of which was the development of a risk analysis methodology called Integrated Risk Analysis (AiDR). This methodology deals with sociotechnical systems from technical, human and organizational points of view and whose equipment is subjected to maintenance and/or operation activities. This thesis aims to propose an evolution of the so-called "human barrier" model developed in the AiDR in order to evaluate the effectiveness of these human actions taken their organizational context. Our major contributions are organized around 3 axes: 1. Improvement of the pre-existing structure of the human barrier model to achieve a model based on performance shaping factors (PSF) provided by the Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) methods; 2. Integration of resilience and modeling of the interaction between resilient and pathogenic mechanisms impacting the effectiveness of activities in a probabilistic causal framework; 3. A global treatment of the expert judgments consistent with the mathematical structure of the proposed model in order to objectively estimate the parameters of the model. This treatment is based on a questionnaire to guide experts towards the evaluation of joint effects resulting from the interaction between pathogenic and resilient mechanisms. All of the proposed contributions have been validated on an application case involving a human barrier put in place during an external flooding occurring at an EDF power plant
Lecomte, Chloé. "Ingénierie frugale pour les bases de la Pyramide : concevoir des produits ouverts pour des contextes multiples." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI064/document.
Повний текст джерелаGlobalization of markets, rapid growth of emerging countries, challenges of a sustainable design and needs of low-income populations trigger companies to look for new forms of organization and innovation. The Base of the Pyramid (BoP) theory takes root on these challenges and suggests fighting against poverty while generating economic growth. Although recent, the literature on this topic is diverse and today falls mainly in management and economic sciences. The contributions in the field of engineering design are quite few, and many questions remain on the feasibility and operability of such an approach. The goal of this research is to understand how the dynamics of the BoP-oriented innovation may require rethinking current design practices. We will particularly explore frugal engineering, a design process that enrolls economy of use and expense, as a means to design products and services within the dual challenge of fighting against poverty and economic growth. Our contributions take place in two areas. The first one is based on a review of 215 BoP case-studies related in the literature: the outcome is a categorization of the BoP-called strategies. This categorization allows a multilevel reading that generates significant findings: the difficulty of combining social and economic impacts within the same approach, the dichotomy between market and inclusive strategies, as well as the existence of multiple BoP contexts which reflects a tension between needs' satisfaction (local impact) and economy of scale (global impact). The second area of contribution is about frugal design, taken as one possible BoP-oriented approach. We define frugal engineering as the search for a just-enough between a core value and a low-cost proposition. Our proposition of new concepts, such as the “Non Trade Off” during the design process and the “Adaptability” of the product, leads us to question the uniqueness of this just-enough. The core value is not an absolute concept; rather it comes in multiple values (re)defined during design, manufacturing and use phases of the product life cycle. This appropriation is made by focusing on key features of the product, in order to meet the environment, resource and infrastructure constrained, to reduce production and assembly costs, and to meet an essential need. Therefore, frugal design is incorporated in an inclusive logic, in which each stakeholder of the value chain contributes to redefine the just-enough of the product (and process). These results, obtained by empirical studies in India and Vietnam, emphasize the importance of contextual elements to take into account during frugal design. We propose the Scenes as a new tool for representing these elements. The Scenes complement the existing user-centered design tools, and help to contextualize the discussion on the core values of a frugal product. To conclude, the premises of an open frugal design emerge from this research. Such a model would leave more flexibility to the BoP users to appropriate themselves the product and define their essential values. Thus, designing open and adaptable products is a way to nourish a better sustainable development