Дисертації: "Contact sensor"

1

Narayanaswamy, Anand Subramanian. "A Non-Contact Sensor Interface for High-Temperature, MEMS Capacitive Sensors." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1275675071.

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2

Demas, Nickolas Peter. "A contact force sensor for medical jet injection." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101813.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 131-135).
Medical jet injection, in which a narrow fluid drug stream is propelled into the skin without a needle, was first conceived in the 1940s [1]. However, a major drawback of most injectors is the lack of controllability of jet parameters. Recent work at the BioInstrumentation Laboratory at MIT has resulted in a tunable, high-performance linear Lorentz-force jet injector which allows for careful control of many injection variables. The sensor presented in this thesis further improves the ability to quantify and control contact forces between the injection nozzle and tissue. This sensor uses a three-spoke flexure system with full-bridge strain gauge assemblies mounted on each flexural arm to measure both normal and lateral forces applied to the nozzle. The design, fabrication, calibration, and validation for the sensor are detailed along with results for preliminary tissue injections into ex vivo porcine tissue. These preliminary tests showed higher percent volume delivery to the tissue with an elevated normal force. Under normal forces of 4 to 8 N, the BioInstrumentation Lab's jet injector achieved percent volume delivery of 89.1 ± 5.1%, whereas with normal forces of 0 to 4 N, the percent volume delivery was 68.9 ± 12.7%.
by Nickolas Peter Demas.
S.M.

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3

Daivasagaya, Daisy. "CMOS contact and phase imaging of biochemical sensor microarray." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117067.

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In this Thesis, we present two systems for gaseous oxygen (O2) sensing. First, we describe a compact luminescent sensor microsystem that is based on the direct integration of sensor elements with a polymeric optical filter and placed on a low power Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) imager Integrated Circuit (IC). The second system is a hand-held scale phase fluorometric system. This system is based on a new single-chip integrated circuit that can perform the activities of sinusoidal signal generation using Direct Digital Synthesis and phase angle extraction of the detection luminescence signal from the sensor films using Discrete Fourier Transform. For O2 sensing, the sensors operate on the measurement of excited-state emission intensity of O2-sensitive luminophores tris(4,7-diphenyl-1,10- phenanthroline) ruthenium(II) ([Ru(dpp)3]2+) encapsulated in sol-gel derived xerogel thin-films. For the compact luminescent sensor microsystem, we incorporate a polymeric optical filter that is made with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) that is mixed with color die Sudan-II. The surface of the PDMS filter is molded to incorporate arrays of pyramidal microstructures that serve to focus the optical sensor signals on to the photodetectors. The xerogel sensor arrays are contact printed on top of the PDMS pyramidal lens-like microstructures. The CMOS imager uses a 32x32 (1024 elements) array of active pixel sensors and each pixel includes a high-gain phototransistor to convert the detected optical signals into electrical currents. Correlated double sampling circuit, pixel address, digital control and signal integration circuits are also implemented on-chip. The CMOS imager data is read out as a serial coded signal. The developed CMOS sensor microsystems provide a useful platform for the development of miniaturized, analytically reliable, and accurate optical chemical gaseous and aqueous sensors.
Dans cette thèse, nous présentons deux systèmes pour détecter l'oxygène gazeux (O2). Tout d'abord, nous décrivons un microsystème compact à senseur luminescent qui est basée sur l'intégration directe d'éléments de senseur avec un filtre optique polymère qui est placé sur un imageur circuits intégrés (CI) à faible énergie de type Complementary metal oxide semi-conductor (CMOS). Le second système est un système portatif qui permet de détecter la différence de phase fluorométrique. Ce système est basé sur un circuit intégré à puce unique qui permet de générer des signaux sinusoïdal en utilisant la synthèse directe de signaux digitaux et l'extraction de l'angle de phase du signal luminescent, provenant des films du senseur, en utilisant des transformées de Fourier discrète sur ce signal. Pour la détection du dioxygène, les senseurs mesure l'intensité d'émission des luminophores tris (4,7-diphényl-1, 10 - phénanthroline) ruthénium (II) ([Ru(dpp)3]2+) à l'état excité encapsulés dans des sol-gel provenant de micro film xérogel. Le microsystème compact à senseur luminescent comprend un filtre optique polymère à base de polydiméthylsiloxane (PDMS), qui est mélangée avec le colorant Soudan-II. La surface du filtre PDMS est moulée pour ainsi incorporer les réseaux de microstructures pyramidales qui servent à concentrer les signaux des senseurs optiques sur les photodétecteurs. Les réseaux de senseur à base de xérogel sont imprimés par contact sur le dessus des microstructures PDMS pyramidales qui agissant comme des lentilles. L'imageur CMOS utilise une matrice de 32x32 (1024 éléments) servant de pixels actifs et chaque un de ces pixels comporte un phototransistor à gain élevé pour convertir les signaux détectés optiques en courants électriques. La corrélation de circuit d'échantillonnage double, l'adresse de pixel, et les circuits de commande numérique d'intégration de signaux sont également résolue par la puce. Les données sont lues par l'imageur en tant que signaux codé en série. Les capteurs CMOS fournissent une plateforme utile pour le développement des systèmes miniaturisés pour l'analyse fiable et précis des composantes chimiques gazeuse et aqueuse par des moyens optiques.

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4

Parmar, Biren Jagadish. "Development Of Point-Contact Surface Acoustic Wave Based Sensor System." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/279.

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Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) fall under a special category of elastic waves that need a material medium to propagate. The energy of these waves is confined to a limited depth below the surface over which they propagate, and their amplitudes decay with increasing depth. As a consequence of their being a surface phenomenon, they are easily accessible for transduction. Due to this reason, a lot of research has been carried out in the area, which has resulted in two very popular applications of SAW - SAW devices and in Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation. A major restriction of SAW devices is that the SAW need a piezoelectric medium for generation, propagation and reception. This thesis reports the attempt made to overcome this restriction and utilize the SAW on non-piezoelectric substrates for sensing capabilities. The velocity of the SAW is known to be dependent purely on the material properties, specifically the elastic constants and material density. This dependence is the motivation for the sensor system developed in the present work. Information on the survey of the methods suitable for the generation and reception of SAW on non-piezoelectric substrates has been included in the thesis. This is followed by the theoretical and practical details of the method chosen for the present work - the point source/point receiver method. Advantages of this method include a simple and inexpensive fabrication procedure, easy customizability and the absence of restrictions due to directivity of the SAW generated. The transducers consist of a conically shaped PZT element attached to a backing material. When the piezoelectric material on the transmitter side is electrically excited, they undergo mechanical oscillations. When coupled to the surface of a solid, the oscillations are transferred onto the solid, which then acts as a point source for SAW. At the receiver, placed at a distance from the source on the same side, the received mechanical oscillations are converted into an electrical signal as a consequence of the direct piezoelectric effect. The details of the fabrication and preliminary trials conducted on metallic as well as non-metallic samples are given. Various applications have been envisaged for this relatively simple sensor system. One of them is in the field of pressure sensing. Experiments have been carried out to employ the acoustoelastic property of a flexible diaphragm made of silicone rubber sheet to measure pressure. The diaphragm, when exposed to a pressure on one side, experiences a varying strain field on the surface. The velocity of SAW generated on the stressed surface varies in accordance with the applied stress, and the consequent strain field generated. To verify the acoustoelastic phenomenon in silicone rubber, SAW velocities have been measured in longitudinal and transverse directions with respect to that of the applied tensile strain. Similar measurements are carried out with a pressure variant inducing the strain. The non-invasive nature of this setup lends it to be used for in situ measurement of pressure. The second application is in the field of elastography. Traditional methods of diagnosis to detect the presence of sub-epidermal lesions, some tumors of the breast, liver and prostate, intensity of skin irritation etc have been mainly by palpation. The sensor system developed in this work enables to overcome the restrictive usage and occasional failure to detect minute abnormal symptoms. In vitro trials have been conducted on tissue phantoms made out of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA-C) samples of varying stiffnesses. The results obtained and a discussion on the same are presented.

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5

Ellis, Lisa Marie. "Oil monitoring with an optically stimulated contact potential difference sensor." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07072004-125914/unrestricted/Ellis%5FLisa%5FM%5F200407%5Fmast.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.
Jiri Janata, Committee Member ; Shreyes Melkote, Committee Member ; Steven Danyluk, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references.

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6

Imran, Muneeb. "Contact-Less High Speed Measurement over Ground with 61 GHz Radar Sensor." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-212611.

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Conventional FMCW radar principle was implemented on Symeo 61 GHz LPR®-1DHP-R radar sensor system. There were few limitations of the FMCW implementation which needed to be removed. First, target separation in multi target environment was not possible for objects at same distance. For example, there are two targets, one is moving and one is static. When the moving target approaches the static target and becomes parallel to static target, which means they are at the same distance. At this point, the system is unable to distinguish between two targets. Second, high resolution in velocity measurement was needed. To overcome these limitations Range Doppler Signal Processing was proposed. For the implementation of the Range Doppler algorithm, first of all proof of concept is needed. Simulations are performed using MATLAB to simulate Range Doppler algorithm using raw data from the sensor. After successful simulation, prototype is developed using python. This also provides the real time visualization of Range Doppler signal processing along with peak detection with distance and velocity measurements. With the Range Doppler implementation, separation between static and moving target becomes possible. Later the algorithm is implemented on Texas Instrument DSP in C considering the resource limitations of the target hardware. To validate the Range Doppler implementation and to determine the measurements accuracy, multiple test setups are created. Two main local testing environments have been setup, linear unit and turntable. The system is tested on these environments for different velocities and distances along with multiple targets and on different surfaces. Furthermore, the system is tested at an industrial site for detecting the fluid speed, which is also possible with the Range Doppler implementation.

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7

CASASSA, FEDERICO. "Testing procedures and acquisition systems for contact sensor¿based vocal monitoring devices." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2742525.

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8

McNeal, Cedric J. "Barrel wear reduction in rail guns : the effects of known and controlled rail spacing on low voltage electrical contact and the hard chrome plating of copper-tungsten rail and pure copper rails /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FMcNeal.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Applied Physics)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): William B. Maier II, Richard Harkins. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-46). Also available online.

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9

Park, Jaihun. "Investigation of a quasi-static wheel-ground contact sensor for off-road vehicles /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3008415.

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10

Tsiareshka, Siarhei G. "Vibrating CPD Chemical Degradation Oil Sensor." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11636.

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Oil analysis is a broad field comprised of hundreds of individual tests that provide meaningful benefit by assessing one or more properties of lubricants or machines. Many tests are performed on new types of oil during research and development. The lubricants chemical, physical, or lubricating properties are validated for quality control purposes and product performance classification. Much of the research in this area is devoted to the online oil degradation systems which allow getting a prompt response about the condition of lubricant. This thesis investigates the concept for monitoring oil degradation with a vibrating Kelvin probe technique. The Vibrating Kelvin probe method for measuring the work function of metals has been used since 1932. Among the applications of this technique are adsorption, corrosion, friction and other studies. A novel application of this method is proposed in this thesis. The vibrating Kelvin system was created with one static surface acting as a sampling surface and the other one electrically isolated. The interaction of the oil with one of the surfaces of a capacitor results in a signal which is synchronously measured. The oil molecules adsorb on the surface of one of the plates and form a space charge layer which changes the work function of that surface. Oil prepared by intentional oxidation was used to evaluate and to monitor the ability to see changes in oil.

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11

Kalman, Babković. "Višenamenski integrisani senzor sile i pomeraja." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2016. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=100643&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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U doktorskoj disertaciji razmatra se merenje sile i pomeraja pomoćusenzora koji mogu da se integrišu u već postojeće elemente narobotskim i industrijskim sistemima. Sila se meri merenjemdeformacije elastičnog elementa. Za merenje pomeraja postignuto jena dva načina: optičkom komponentom i induktivnom strukturomizrađenom štampanjem na fleksibilnoj foliji i njenim odgovarajućimsečenjem. Merenje sile demonstrirano je na primeru klatna sa bazomkod kojeg se meri sila kontakta sa podlogom, a merenje pomeraja jepokazano na primeru merenja vibracija. Sistem za merenje vibracijadopunjen je i sistemom za automatsko podešavanje radne tačke koji semože iskoristiti za automatsku kalibraciju.
In this thesis, measurement of force and displacement has been analyzedusing sensors which can be embedded into existing elements of robotic andindustrial systems. Force is measured by measuring the deformation ofelastic elements. Two mehtods have been applied to displacementmeasurement: an optical component and an inductive structure fabricated byprinting on flexible substrate and its subsequent cutting. Measurement offorce has been demonstrated on a pendulum attached to its base, where thecontact between the base and its support is measured. Displacementmeasurement has been shown by measuring vibration. The vibrationmeasurement system is supplemented with an automatic operating pointadjustment system which also adds an automatic calibration feature.

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12

Amara, Pavan Kumar. "Towards a Unilateral Sensor Architecture for Detecting Person-to-Person Contacts." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404573/.

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The contact patterns among individuals can significantly affect the progress of an infectious outbreak within a population. Gathering data about these interaction and mixing patterns is essential to assess computational modeling of infectious diseases. Various self-report approaches have been designed in different studies to collect data about contact rates and patterns. Recent advances in sensing technology provide researchers with a bilateral automated data collection devices to facilitate contact gathering overcoming the disadvantages of previous approaches. In this study, a novel unilateral wearable sensing architecture has been proposed that overcome the limitations of the bi-lateral sensing. Our unilateral wearable sensing system gather contact data using hybrid sensor arrays embedded in wearable shirt. A smartphone application has been used to transfer the collected sensors data to the cloud and apply deep learning model to estimate the number of human contacts and the results are stored in the cloud database. The deep learning model has been developed on the hand labelled data over multiple experiments. This model has been tested and evaluated, and these results were reported in the study. Sensitivity analysis has been performed to choose the most suitable image resolution and format for the model to estimate contacts and to analyze the model's consumption of computer resources.

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13

Mess, Francis M. "A novel sensor to monitor surface charge interactions the optically stimulated contact potential difference probe /." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-01282006-182022/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Steven Danyluk, Committee Chair ; Thomas Kurfess, Committee Member ; Peter Hesketh, Committee Member ; Jiri Janata, Committee Member ; Ajeet Rohatgi, Committee Member.

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14

Mess, Francis McCarthy. "A Novel Sensor to Monitor Surface Charge Interactions: The Optically Stimulated Contact Potential Difference Probe." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10460.

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This study addresses the development of a sensor to monitor chemical adsorption and charge transfer processes on a surface using a contact potential difference probe (CPD). The current investigation is an outgrowth of ongoing research on non-vibrating CPD probes (nvCPD) which led to the recent development of a novel measurement technique utilizing optical stimulation: optically stimulated CPD (osCPD). Primary outcomes of this thesis are the theoretical modeling, fabrication and demonstration of a functional osCPD sensor. The research also involved significant engineering and experimentation in the design, development, and application of this sensor to oil condition monitoring. This technique measures dielectric and chemical properties of a fluid at the interface between the fluid and a semiconductor substrate. Chopped visible light is used to stimulate the rear surface of a semiconductor substrate, and a CPD probe measures the work function response of the semiconductor on the front surface of the substrate. The work function response is influenced by the nature and quantity of adsorbed species on the top surface, allowing the probe to detect changes in chemical composition at the substrate/fluid interface. An analytical model is developed that relates the osCPD sensor output signal to the chemical and dielectric properties of the oil sample, as well as to the geometry, composition, and control inputs of the silicon substrate and test fixture. In this investigation, the osCPD sensor was used to evaluate dielectric and chemical properties of commercially available engine oil. Oil samples were intentionally degraded through thermal aging (oxidation) and through addition of known contaminants. The osCPD sensor shows good sensitivity to depletion of antioxidants in the oil, as well as to the presence of ferric chloride, an oil-soluble salt typically used to calibrate laboratory test equipment.

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15

Amara, Pavan Kumar. "Towards a Unilateral Sensor Architecture for Detecting Person-to-Person Contacts." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703441/.

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The contact patterns among individuals can significantly affect the progress of an infectious outbreak within a population. Gathering data about these interaction and mixing patterns is essential to assess computational modeling of infectious diseases. Various self-report approaches have been designed in different studies to collect data about contact rates and patterns. Recent advances in sensing technology provide researchers with a bilateral automated data collection devices to facilitate contact gathering overcoming the disadvantages of previous approaches. In this study, a novel unilateral wearable sensing architecture has been proposed that overcome the limitations of the bi-lateral sensing. Our unilateral wearable sensing system gather contact data using hybrid sensor arrays embedded in wearable shirt. A smartphone application has been used to transfer the collected sensors data to the cloud and apply deep learning model to estimate the number of human contacts and the results are stored in the cloud database. The deep learning model has been developed on the hand labelled data over multiple experiments. This model has been tested and evaluated, and these results were reported in the study. Sensitivity analysis has been performed to choose the most suitable image resolution and format for the model to estimate contacts and to analyze the model's consumption of computer resources.

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16

Yasri, Maria. "Capteur de corrosion passif et sans contact." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0006/document.

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Cette thèse a porté sur la conception d'un capteur de corrosion passif, sans contact de moyenne portée. Les solutions existantes sans fil concernent soit des capteurs à architecture classique, soit des solutions passives. Dans le premier cas, le capteur de corrosion est actif et peut être interrogé à longue portée. Dans le second cas, les solutions passives existantes ne fonctionnent qu’avec des distances de lecture de quelques centimètres du fait des basses fréquences utilisées. L’objectif de ce travail était de répondre à ce besoin. Pour cela, nous nous sommes inspirés de la technologie RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) passive chipless pour le développement d’un capteur basé sur une fonction hyperfréquence. La première structure réalisée a été une ligne microruban, dont le ruban est constitué d’une couche mince d’un élément sensible à la corrosion. Dans ce cas, la corrosion de la ligne s’est traduite par une variation d’amplitude du fait de l’apparition de pertes expliquées principalement par l’effet de peau ou la création de défauts. Une deuxième structure hyperfréquence a été élaborée en se basant sur un stub (circuit ouvert) qui a permis de suivre le processus de la corrosion via une variation de fréquence. Comme le cas de la ligne microruban, cette structure nous a permis de distinguer la corrosion uniforme et la corrosion localisée. Grâce à la mise en évidence de ces fonctionnalités, diverses stratégies de contrôle de la corrosion peuvent être imaginées et un démonstrateur a été réalisé. Le point clé du démonstrateur proposé est une augmentation de la distance de lecture dans la technologie RFID chipless, ceci a été rendu possible en considérant l’isolation Tx / Rx du lecteur. Dans ce contexte, trois types d’antennes ont été étudiées. Afin d’augmenter encore la distance de lecture, d’autres techniques d’isolation ont été proposées : l’utilisation d’un déphaseur mais aussi l’isolation temporelle par l’utilisation d’une ligne à retard SAW. Grâce à ces 2 méthodes, une distance de lecture de deux mètres a été obtenue. Suite aux caractérisations RF des métaux soumis à la corrosion discutées, nous avons aussi élaboré une sonde RF à champ proche permettant de diagnostiquer la corrosion de surfaces métalliques
This thesis focused on the design of a passive wireless corrosion sensor. Existing wireless solutions concern either classic architecture sensors or passive solutions. In the first case, the corrosion sensor is active and can be interrogated at long range. In the second case, the existing passive solutions only work with reading distances of a few centimeters because of the low frequencies. The objective of this study was to respond to this need. That’s why; we were inspired by the RFID( Radio Frequency Identification) passive chipless technology for the development of a sensor based on a microwave function. The first structure was a microstrip line, of which the strip is composed of a thin layer of an element sensitive to corrosion. In this case, the corrosion of the line is proven by an amplitude variation due to losses principally explained by the skin effect or the creation of defects. A second microwave structure was developed based on a stub (open circuit) which allowed us to follow the process of corrosion via a frequency variation. Much like the microstrip line, this structure allowed us to distinguish between uniform corrosion and localised corrosion. Due to the highlighting of these features, different corrosion control strategies can be imagined and a demonstrator was executed. The key point of the proposed demonstrator is an increase in the reading distance in the chipless RFID technology; this was made possible by taking into consideration the isolation TX / Rx of the reader. In this context, three types of antennas were studied. In order to increase the reading distance, other isolation techniques were proposed: the use of a phase shifter but also a temporal isolation using a SAW delay line. Thanks to these two methods, a reading distance of two meters was obtained. Following the RF characterizations of metals exposed to the discussed corrosion, we also developed a near field RF probe, which allows corrosion diagnostic of metal surfaces

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17

Komzák, Daniel. "Detektor vad s využitím CIS senzoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413271.

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The diploma thesis deals with the research of CIS sensors, their parameters and market research. It contains a comparison between sensors and line cameras, which are used for similar purposes, therefore in this case for scanning the packaging material. The diploma thesis contains the described construction of the device, including the assembly of components and the design of boards. The work describes in detail the image processing from the CIS sensor and various image preprocessing. There is also described method of defect detection, including their distribution and individual approach to each type of defect. The thesis contains a description of the GUI, including its functions and connection to the application dealing with image processing.

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18

Svärd, Daniel. "Design and evaluation of a capacitively coupled sensor readout circuit, toward contact-less ECG and EEG." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-54520.

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In modern medicine, the measurement of electrophysiological signals play a key role in health monitoring and diagnostics. Electrical activity originating from our nerve and muscle cells conveys real-time information about our current health state. The two most common and actively used techniques for measuring such signals are electrocardiography (ECG) and electroencephalography (EEG).

These signals are very weak, reaching from a few millivolts down to tens of microvolts in amplitude, and have the majority of the power located at very low frequencies, from below 1 Hz up to 40 Hz. These characteristics sets very tough requirements on the electrical circuit designs used to measure them. Usually, measurement is performed by attaching electrodes with direct contact to the skin using an adhesive, conductive gel to fixate them. This method requires a clinical environment and is time consuming, tedious and may cause the patient discomfort.

This thesis investigates another method for such measurements; by using a non-contact, capacitively coupled sensor, many of these shortcomings can be overcome. While this method relieves some problems, it also introduces several design difficulties such as: circuit noise, extremely high input impedance and interference. A capacitively coupled sensor was created using the bottom layer of a printed circuit board (PCB) as a capacitor plate and placing it against the signal source, that acts as the opposite capacitor plate. The PCB solder mask layer and any air in between the two acts as the insulator to create a full capacitor. The signal picked up by this sensor was then amplified by 60 dB with a high input impedance amplifier circuit and further conditioned through filtering.

Two measurements were made of the same circuit, but with different input impedances; one with 10 MΩ and one with 10 GΩ input impedance. Additional filtering was designed to combat interference from the main power lines at 50 Hz and 150 Hz that was discovered during initial measurements. The circuits were characterized with their transfer functions, and the ability to amplify a very low-level, low frequency input signal. The results of these measurements show that high input impedance is of critical importance for the functionality of the sensor and that an input impedance of 10 GΩ is sufficient to produce a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 9.7 dB after digital filtering with an input signal of 25 μV at 10 Hz.

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19

Rakels, Jan Henricus. "An in-process, non-contact surface finish sensor for high quality components generated using diamond turning." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4156/.

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The object of this Ph.D. project was to design and construct an in-process, non contact surface finish sensor for high quality components generated using diamond turning. For this application the instrument must have the following properties: i rapid acquisition of data. ii capability of measuring translating and or rotating surfaces. iii ruggedness for in-process use. iv insensitivity to moderate vibrations. v remoteness from the surfaces to be measured. The remoteness requirement virtually excludes the otherwise ubiquitous stylus instrument, while the rapid gathering of data from rotating surfaces excludes other profiling techniques. The above mentioned properties strongly suggest an optical method. An optical diffraction technique has been chosen, since it produces an optical Fourier Transform of the surface. This transform is produced at the speed of light, since the optical system has the property of parallel data processing, unlike a typical electronic computer. With the aid of a microprocessor various surface finish parameters can be extracted from the optical transform. These parameters are respectively the rms surface roughness, slope and wavelength. The actual sensor consists of a measuring head and a minicomputer. It fulfils the above mentioned requirements. Its only limitations are: i limited to surface finishes up to 100nm ii presence of cutting fluids has to be avoided, although certain modern lubricating fluids can be tolerated. The algorithms devised to extract the surface finish parameters from the optical transforms have initially been tested on optical spectra produced by Thwaite. Comparison of the optical roughness values and the values quoted by Thwaite show close agreement. Thwaite's values are obtained by a stylus instrument. Rqopt (um) Rqstylus (um) 0.16 0.156 0.38 0.37 0.44 0.40 In addition a computer program has been devised which simulates the optical sensor head. The input data can be obtained by a profiling instrument, or generated by a computer program. This last option enables the creation of surface profiles with "controllable" machining errors. This program can be utilised to create an atlas, which maps optical diffraction patterns versus machine-tool errors.

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20

Tran, Sung. "Development of a Sensor Readout Integrated Circuit Towards a Contact Lens for Wireless Intraocular Pressure Monitoring." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1750.

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This design covers the design of an integrated circuit (IC) in support of the active contact lens project at Cal Poly. The project aims to monitor intraocular eye pressure (IOP) to help diagnose and treat glaucoma, which is expected affect 6.3 million Americans by 2050. The IC is designed using IBM’s 130 nm 8RF process, is powered by an on-lens thin film 3.8 V rechargeable battery, and will be fabricated at no cost through MOSIS. The IC features a low-power linear regulator that powers a current-starved voltage-controlled oscillator (CSVCO) used for establishing a backscatter communication link. Additional circuitry is included to regulate power to and from the battery. An undervoltage lockout circuit protects the battery from deep discharge damage. When recharging, a rectifier and a voltage regulator provides overvoltage protection. These circuit blocks are biased primarily using a 696 mV subthreshold voltage reference that consumes 110.5 nA.

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21

Fischer, Calderón Juan Sebastián. "Theoretical and experimental investigations of multiple contact points between a biologically inspired tactile sensor and various objects." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/20354.

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The somatosensory system of mammals includes sensory hairs (vibrissae) for tactile perception during near field exploration. Interacting with the environment, the tactile hair transfers mechanical stimuli to the hair follicle (follicle-sinus complex). The follicle-sinus complex transduces the singnals and transmits them to the central nervous system. Rats, e.g., are able to characterize objects with regard to their surface and geometric shape. Inspired by the biological paragon, the implementation of a vibrissa-like tactile sensor is an object of engineering research. According to the sensory organ, the function of a technical vibrissa is based on the recording of stimuli by the artificial hair shaft and their measurement at the support. This enables the detection of technically relevant information. In this context, the present work focuses on the task of object contour reconstruction. For that purpose, the support reactions are determined during scanning of an object. Previous investigations have been restricted on scanning objects with convex contours. This is due to the limitation of mechanical models to single-point contact scenarios. Goal of the present work is the consideration of multiple contact points between sensor shaft and object contour. The sensor shaft is modelled as a Euler-Bernoulli beam. The mathematical/theoretical description of the deformation of the beam during quasi-static scanning results in a multipoint boundary value problem with switching point. In order to simulate scanning sweeps along two different object types, the corresponding multipoint boundary value problems are solved by applying a shooting method incooperating a Runge Kutta Method of 4th order. The support reactions are calculated during scanning. It shows that multi-point contacts can be identified in the support reactions. The simulation is validated by experiments using selected examples.

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22

Kotarsky, Ulf. "Hochauflösender mikromechanischer Sensor zur Erfassung von Oberflächenprofilen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200500132.

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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Entwicklung von ausschließlich elektrostatisch arbeitenden Sensor-Aktor-Arrays zur Oberflächenprofilbestimmung an Mikroteilen beschrieben. Ein wesentliches Merkmal der Strukturen ist ihr großer Eigenzustellbereich von bis zu 20 Mikrometer. Die Auswertung atomarer Kräfte ermöglicht Wegauflösungen im Nanometerbereich. Auf Grund der geringen Abmessungen durch die mikromechanische Fertigung des Sensorelements und der integrierten Sensor-Aktorfunktion sind Anordnungen als Zeilenarray möglich. Die Entwicklung richtet sich auf Strukturen, welche in klassischer Oberflächentechnologie gefertigt werden können. Durchgeführte experimentelle Tests wurden mit Sensoren in Silizium-bulk-Mikromechanik (SCREAM) realisiert. Der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit behandelt die Charakterisierung der Sensorelemente und damit verbundene Layoutverbesserungen, wie das Einbringen von Feldstoppern und die Nutzbarkeit des Sensors zur Profilbestimmung von Oberflächen unter Beachtung industrieller Anforderungen. Vorteile des Einsatzes eines solchen Sensor-Aktor-Arrays liegen in der Miniaturisierung und dem vergleichsweise großen Eigenzustellbereich jedes einzelnen Sensors. Dadurch ist es möglich, technische Oberflächen, welche im Eigenzustellbereich des Sensorarrays liegen, ohne das Nachregeln einer übergeordneten Positioniereinheit im Profil zu bestimmen. Es wird gezeigt, wie die angewandte kapazitive Wirkungsweise des Sensors mit den sehr kleinen Nutzkapazitäten im Beisein von großen Parasitärkapazitäten zur Signalauswertung genutzt werden kann.

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23

Gregor, Lukáš. "Snímač s vnesenou impedancí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217704.

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This master’s thesis discourses the problematics of eddy current sensors of transformer type dedicated for measuring non-contact distances of unferomagnetic and feromagnetic objects. This thesis contains the design, realization and finding of the optimal values for the sensor usage. The sensor properties are measured and certified by empirical calculations and simulations in the Comsol Multiphysics programme.

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24

Bergström, Anna. "SPR Sensor Surfaces based on Self-Assembled Monolayers." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-16664.

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The study and understanding of molecular interactions is fundamentally important in today's field of life sciences and there is a demand for well designed surfaces for biosensor applications. The biosensor has to be able to detect specific molecular interactions, while non-specific binding of other substances to the sensor surface should be kept to a minimum. The objective of this master´s thesis was to design sensor surfaces based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and evaluate their structural characteristics as well as their performance in Biacore systems. By mixing different oligo (ethylene glycol) terminated thiol compounds in the SAMs, the density of functional groups for bimolecular attachment could be controlled. Structural characteristics of the SAMs were studied using Ellipsometry, Contact Angle Goniometry, IRAS and XPS. Surfaces showing promising results were examined further with Surface Plasmon Resonance in Biacore instruments.

Mixed SAM surfaces with a tailored degree of functional COOH groups could be prepared. The surfaces showed promising characteristics in terms of stability, immobilization capacity of biomolecules, non-specific binding and kinetic assay performance, while further work needs to be dedicated to the improvement of their storage stability. In conclusion, the SAM based sensor surfaces studied in this thesis are interesting candidates for Biacore applications.

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25

Fochtmann, Jörg [Verfasser]. "Non-destructive Quality Control of the Contact Normal Force in Electrical Connectors: A Sensor and System Approach / Jörg Fochtmann." Aachen : Shaker, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188552511/34.

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SANTANA, Henrique Nunes de. "Análise da aplicabilidade de sensores de acoplamento capacitivo no monitoramento de disjuntores de alta tensão." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2017. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/403.

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Submitted by Lucienne Costa (lucienneferreira@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-04-17T13:51:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 HENRIQUE NUNES DE SANTANA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEE) 2017.pdf: 2930914 bytes, checksum: a4c0e297d62f2854c085762512fb6f16 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-17T13:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HENRIQUE NUNES DE SANTANA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEE) 2017.pdf: 2930914 bytes, checksum: a4c0e297d62f2854c085762512fb6f16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18
Capes
Neste trabalho, é avaliada aplicabilidade de sensores de acoplamento capacitivo na detecção dos sinais emitidos por arcos elétricos em contatos de disjuntores. Adicionalmente, é investigada a possibilidade de correlacionar estes sinais com nível de degradação dos contatos de arco. A aplicabilidade dos sensores é avaliada por meio da comparação dos sinais detectados pelos mesmos, com os sinais detectados por uma antena direcional em banda larga, tanto no domínio do tempo quanto no domínio da frequência. Para a análise da correlação entre o nível de degradação dos contatos de arco e os sinais detectados, atributos de estatística descritiva da duração e da energia dos sinais foram avaliados. A análise dos resultados evidenciou que os sensores de acoplamento capacitivo são capazes de detectar os sinais emitidos pelos arcos elétricos. Também foi evidenciado que a sensibilidade de detecção dos sensores depende da posição na qual foram instalados ao longo do polo analisado. No caso dos disjuntores utilizados neste trabalho, a melhor posição para a instalação dos sensores foi a posição mais próxima do terminal inferior do polo. A flexibilidade e o valor da constante dielétrica devem ser avaliados no momento da escolha do material empregado na confecção dos sensores, uma vez que sensores pouco flexíveis podem sofrer danos ao serem instalados no polo do disjuntor e, constantes dielétricas elevadas podem prejudicar os ganhos dos respectivos sensores. A correlação entre os sinais dos arcos elétricos detectados pelos sensores e o nível de degradação dos contatos de arco é possível, quando os atributos estatísticos da média, desvio padrão, curtose e mediana obtidos da energia dos referidos sinais são avaliados.
In this work, is evaluated the applicability of capacitive coupling sensors in the detection of signals emitted by electric arcs in circuit breaker contacts. In addition, the possibility of correlating these signals with the arcing contacts degradation level is investigated. The sensors applicability is investigated by comparing the signals detected by them with the signals detected by a broadband directional antenna in both time and frequency domain. For the analysis of the correlation between the arcing contacts degradation level and the detected signals, descriptive statistical attributes of the duration and energy of the signals were evaluated. The analysis of the results showed that the capacitive coupling sensors are able to detect the signals emitted by the electric arcs. It was also evidenced that the sensor detection sensitivity depends on the position in which they are installed along the analyzed pole. In the case of the circuit breakers used in this work, the best position for the installation of the sensors was the one closest to the lower terminal of the pole. The flexibility and value of the dielectric constant must be evaluated when choosing the material used in the construction of the sensors, since weak sensors can be damaged when installed at the pole of the circuit breaker, and high dielectric constants can affect the gains of the respective sensors. The correlation between the electric arcs signals detected by the sensors and the arcing contacts degradation level is possible, when the statistical attributes of the mean, standard deviation, kurtosis and median obtained from the energy of these signals are evaluated.

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Ouyang, Wenbin. "On-Loom Fabric Defect Inspection Using Contact Image Sensors and Activation Layer Embedded Convolutional Neural Network." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404537/.

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Malfunctions on loom machines are the main causes of faulty fabric production. An on-loom fabric inspection system is a real-time monitoring device that enables immediate defect detection for human intervention. This dissertation presented a solution for the on-loom fabric defect inspection, including the new hardware design—the configurable contact image sensor (CIS) module—for on-loom fabric scanning and the defect detection algorithms. The main contributions of this work include (1) creating a configurable CIS module adaptable to a loom width, which brings CIS unique features, such as sub-millimeter resolution, compact size, short working distance and low cost, to the fabric defect inspection system, (2) designing a two-level hardware architecture that can be efficiently deployed in a weaving factory with hundreds of looms, (3) developing a two-level inspecting scheme, with which the initial defect screening is performed on the Raspberry Pi and the intensive defect verification is processed on the cloud server, (4) introducing the novel pairwise-potential activation layer to a convolutional neural network that leads to high accuracies of defect segmentation on fabrics with fine and imbalanced structures, (5) achieving a real-time defect detection that allows a possible defect to be examined multiple times, and (6) implementing a new color segmentation technique suitable for processing multi-color fabric defects. The novel CIS-based on-loom scanning system offered real-time and high-resolution fabric images, which was able to deliver the information of single thread on a fabric. The algorithm evaluation on the fabric defect datasets showed a non-miss-detection rate on defect-free fabrics. The average precision of defect existed images reached above 90% at the pixel level. The detected defect pixels' integrity—the recall scored around 70%. Possible defect regions overestimated on ground truth images and the morphologies of fine defects similar to regular fabric pattern were the two major reasons that caused the imperfection in defect pixel locating. The experiments showed the defect areas on multi-color fabrics could be precisely located under the proposed color segmentation algorithm.

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Antoniadis, Antonios. "Moisture calibration of an R.F based inline moisture sensor : An inline moisture sensor based on radio wave attenuation, Microtec M3 Scan, was calibrated to maximise correlation between real water content in wood and received signal." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Träteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-77359.

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Sensors based on radio waves are used for inline moisture determination in the sawn wood industry. Placed at the final sorting line such a device can be invaluable, giving the operators real time information on the moisture content of the boards passing through. Information that can then be used to improve process control both upstream and downstream. The equipment must first be trained to correlate radio wave attenuation and phase shift to water conten

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29

FITTI, Matteo. "Non-contact smart measurement systems for in-line quality control of precision turned parts." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/274500.

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Questa tesi è il risultato del lavoro svolto nell'ambito del progetto europeo H2020 GO0D MAN e intende essere un contributo alla realizzazione del paradigma dell' Industry 4.0. In particolare, riguarda lo sviluppo di sistemi intelligenti di controllo qualità in linea. Il lavoro presenta lo sviluppo di due sistemi: a) un sistema di misura automatizzato basato su un sensore cromatico confocale per controllare le dimensioni dei componenti metallici torniti e b) un sistema di controllo automatizzato basato su visione artificiale per verificare la presenza di bave dovute al processo di foratura sulle stesse parti. Questi componenti metallici, costituiti da piccoli cilindri cavi con numerosi fori laterali, sono utilizzati nelle valvole idrauliche destinate all'industria automobilistica. Il controllo di qualità di queste parti richiede la verifica di tolleranze dimensionali rigorose e delle prestazioni funzionali. L'obiettivo generale del progetto è realizzare un controllo di qualità in linea al 100% al fine di prevenire la generazione e la propagazione di difetti all'uscita della stazione di lavorazione di tornitura. I due sistemi sviluppati presentano un comportamento intelligente, finalizzato alla gestione dell'incertezza di misura e alla riduzione del rischio di diagnosi errate. Il livello di automazione e l'approccio ottico senza contatto adottato consentono di estendere i controlli precedentemente effettuati su campioni statistici al 100% della produzione. Dopo aver presentato i casi industriali, questa tesi discute la progettazione concettuale di ciascun sistema, i passaggi per la realizzazione dei prototipi, la loro caratterizzazione in condizioni di laboratorio e infine la dimostrazione in una vera linea di produzione.
This thesis is the result of work carried out within the European project H2020 GO0D MAN and intends to be a contribution to realize the Industry 4.0 paradigm. In particular, it concerns the development of in-line smart quality control systems. The work presents the development of two systems: a) an automated measurement system based on a confocal chromatic sensor for checking the dimensions of turned metal components and b) an automated control system based on computer vision for checking the presence of burrs due to the drilling process on the same parts. These metal components, which consist of little hollow cylinders with several lateral holes, are used in hydraulic valves intended for use in the automotive industry. The quality control of these parts requires the verification of stringent dimensional tolerances and functional performances. The overall objective of the project is to realize an in-line 100% quality control in order to prevent the generation and propagation of defects at the exit of the turning processing station. The two systems developed exhibit smart behaviour, aimed at managing measurement uncertainty and reducing the risk of misdiagnosis. The automation level and the optical non-contact approach adopted allows to extend the controls previously made on statistical samples to 100% of the production. After presenting the industrial cases, this thesis discusses the conceptual design for each system, the steps for the realization of the prototypes, their characterization in laboratory condition and finally the demonstration in a real production line.

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Dresher, Russell Paul. "Wearable Forehead Pulse Oximetry: Minimization of Motion and Pressure Artifacts." Link to electronic thesis, 2006. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-050306-104212/.

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Анотація:

Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
Keywords: sensor attachment, wearable sensor, pulse oximetry, motion artifact, contact pressure, remote physiological monitoring. Includes bibliographical references (p.54-57).

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31

Koporec, Lukáš. "Vliv plazmatické oxidace uhlíkové pracovní elektrody na její elektrochemickou odezvu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242043.

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This thesis is focused on the effect of plasmatic oxidation of carbon working electrode on its electrochemical response. In the theoretical part, the thesis describes thick film technology, working carbon electrodes, cyclic voltammetry, contact angle measurement and plasma. Experimental part is dedicated to characterization of plasma modified electrode. Results are compare with unmodified electrodes.

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Almeida, Luís Miguel Martins. "Human-robot interaction for object transfer." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22374.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica
Robots come into physical contact with humans under a variety of circumstances to perform useful work. This thesis has the ambitious aim of contriving a solution that leads to a simple case of physical human-robot interaction, an object transfer task. Firstly, this work presents a review of the current research within the field of Human-Robot Interaction, where two approaches are distinguished, but simultaneously required: a pre-contact approximation and an interaction by contact. Further, to achieve the proposed objectives, this dissertation addresses a possible answer to three major problems: (1) The robot control to perform the inherent movements of the transfer assignment, (2) the human-robot pre interaction and (3) the interaction by contact. The capabilities of a 3D sensor and force/tactile sensors are explored in order to prepare the robot to handover an object and to control the robot gripper actions, correspondingly. The complete software development is supported by the Robot Operating System (ROS) framework. Finally, some experimental tests are conducted to validate the proposed solutions and to evaluate the system's performance. A possible transfer task is achieved, even if some refinements, improvements and extensions are required to improve the solution performance and range.
Os robôs entram em contacto físico com os humanos sob uma variedade de circunstâncias para realizar trabalho útil. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de uma solução que permita um caso simples de interação física humano-robô, uma tarefa de transferência de objetos. Inicialmente, este trabalho apresenta uma revisão da pesquisa corrente na área da interação humano-robô, onde duas abordagens são distinguíveis, mas simultaneamente necessárias: uma aproximação pré-contacto e uma interação pós-contacto. Seguindo esta linha de pensamento, para atingir os objetivos propostos, esta dissertação procura dar resposta a três grandes problemas: (1) O controlo do robô para que este desempenhe os movimentos inerentes á tarefa de transferência, (2) a pré-interação humano-robô e (3) a interação por contacto. As capacidades de um sensor 3D e de sensores de força são exploradas com o objetivo de preparar o robô para a transferência e de controlar as ações da garra robótica, correspondentemente. O desenvolvimento de arquitetura software é suportado pela estrutura Robot Operating System (ROS). Finalmente, alguns testes experimentais são realizados para validar as soluções propostas e para avaliar o desempenho do sistema. Uma possível transferência de objetos é alcançada, mesmo que sejam necessários alguns refinamentos, melhorias e extensões para melhorar o desempenho e abrangência da solução.

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Novotný, Jan. "Návrh specielního měřicího zařízení pro kontrolu sražení hran." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231657.

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This diploma thesis consist of basic overview of contact and non-contact measuring methods used at present days across industrial Applications. On the base of given specification for designing of measuring station for measuring chamfer of rotary components The choice and evaluation of theoretical applicability for our application is performed. In the practical part of this diploma thesis The applicability is verified. Performance of these a few exemplary measuring shows possible way of design of constructional solution. All this in a close cooperation with company MESING.

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Petitdidier, Nils. "Système d'imagerie pour la caractérisation en couches de la peau par réflectance diffuse." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAD048/document.

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Les travaux effectués au cours de cette thèse concernent le développement d’un instrument à faible coût et porté sur la personne permettant le suivi quantitatif des paramètres physiologiques de la peau in vivo et de manière non invasive. L’instrument est fondé sur la technique de Spectroscopie de Réflectance Diffuse résolue spatialement (srDRS). Cette technique fournit une quantification absolue des propriétés optiques endogènes d’absorption et de diffusion du tissu sondé et possède un potentiel pour la caractérisation de ces propriétés en couches de la peau.Afin de maximiser ce potentiel, notre approche repose sur l’utilisation d’un capteur matriciel placé en contact avec le tissu et permettant l’imagerie de réflectance diffuse à haute résolution spatiale. Les travaux présentés ici comprennent la spécification et la validation d’une architecture innovante permettant la mise en œuvre de l’approche proposée, l’implémentation d’un système porté sur la personne et bas coût basé sur cette architecture et l’évaluation des performances de ce système au travers d’expérimentations à la fois sur fantômes de peau et in vivo. Les résultats obtenus valident le potentiel de l’instrument développé pour le suivi quantitatif et non-invasif des propriétés de la peau. L’approche proposée est prometteuse pour l’analyse de milieux en couches tels que la peau et ouvre la voie au développement d’une nouvelle génération d’instruments portés sur la personne et bas coûts pour le suivi en continu des propriétés optiques des tissus
This work presents the development of a low-cost, wearable instrument for quantitative monitoring of skin physiological parameters toward non-invasive diagnostics in vivo. The instrument is based on the spatially resolved Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (srDRS) technique, which provides absolute quantification of absorption and scattering endogenous properties of the probed tissue volume with a potential to discriminate between properties of individual skin layers. In the developed instrument, this potential is maximized by the use of a multi-pixel image sensor to perform contact, high resolution imaging of the diffuse reflectance. This study comprises the specification and validation of a novel srDRS system architecture based on the proposed approach, the implementation of this architecture into a low-cost, wearable device and the evaluation of the device performance both on tissue-simulating phantoms and in vivo. Results validate the potential of the instrument for the non-invasive, quantitative monitoring of tissue properties. The described approach is promising for addressing the analysis of layered tissue suchas skin and paves the way for the development of low-cost, wearable devices for continuous, passive monitoring of tissue optical properties

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35

Pejchal, Luboš. "Akviziční jednotka pro zabezpečovací techniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219850.

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Project is focused to development of security unit for security of homes, flats and other similar spaces against intruders (thieves). Design is focused to solution of hardware and firmware for security units and their control software for PC. Hardware design solve supply over ethernet PoE, backup of supply, connection securities sensors to security unit. Firmware prevents failure of units and it is communicating with sensors and PC. Software in PC provides settings of security units, deactivating of alarm and measure temperature by security unit.

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36

Mikula, Martin. "Termodiagnostika - dotykové a bezdotykové měření teploty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231525.

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This thesis is concerned with thermodiagnostics in industrial practise, which is very important for the assessment of technical condition of object on the basis of temperature, in today's time. It includes summary of contact and contact-free methods and their principle, advantages and disadvantages for aplication in industrial practise. Because of thesis it was carried out measurement in company Daikin Device Czech republic with the use of contact thermometer and two available thermocameras for solving of topical tasks relating to production.

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Morávek, David. "Měření teploty pneumatik za jízdy vozidla s využitím infračer. pyrometrů OS100." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228260.

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Bc. David Morávek Tyre temperature measurement on moving vehicle with of infrared pyrometer OS100 MT, IAE, 2008, page 70, picture 41 Problemacy of recording the temperature and tyre pressure on driven car is processed in this diploma work. Suitable measuring chain was set up. Censor holders for this type of measurement were designed and produced. Driving exams and tests are depicted in this work, too. We came to the conclusion that tyre temperature depends on lengthways and transverse acceleration of the car and also on it’s load.

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38

Manuelli, Lucas Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Localizing external contact using proprioceptive sensors : the contact particle filter." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115739.

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Анотація:

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-65).
In order for robots to interact safely and intelligently with their environment they must be able to reliably estimate and localize external contacts. This paper introduces the CPF, the Contact Particle Filter, which is a general algorithm for detecting and localizing external contacts on rigid body robots without the need for external sensing. The CPF finds external contact points that best explain the observed external joint torque, and returns sensible estimates even when the external torque measurement is corrupted with noise. We demonstrate the capability of the CPF in multiple scenarios. We show how it can track multiple external contacts on a simulated Atlas robot, and also perform extensive simulation and hardware experiments on a Kuka iiwa robot arm.
by Lucas Manuelli.
S.M.

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39

Siegel, David Mark. "Contact Sensors for Dexterous Robotic Hands." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/6848.

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This thesis examines a tactile sensor and a thermal sensor for use with the Utah-MIT dexterous four fingered hand. Sensory feedback is critical or full utilization of its advanced manipulatory capabilities. The hand itself provides tendon tensions and joint angles information. However, planned control algorithms require more information than these sources can provide. The tactile sensor utilizes capacitive transduction with a novel design based entirely on silicone elastomers. It provides an 8 x 8 array of force cells with 1.9 mm center-to-center spacing. A pressure resolution of 8 significant bits is available over a 0 to 200 grams per square mm range. The thermal sensor measures a material's heat conductivity by radiating heat into an object and measuring the resulting temperature variations. This sensor has a 4 x 4 array of temperature cells with 3.5 mm center-to-center spacing. Experiments show that the thermal sensor can discriminate among material by detecting differences in their thermal conduction properties. Both sensors meet the stringent mounting requirements posed by the Utah-MIT hand. Combining them together to form a sensor with both tactile and thermal capabilities will ultimately be possible. The computational requirements for controlling a sensor equipped dexterous hand are severe. Conventional single processor computers do not provide adequate performance. To overcome these difficulties, a computational architecture based on interconnecting high performance microcomputers and a set of software primitives tailored for sensor driven control has been proposed. The system has been implemented and tested on the Utah-MIT hand. The hand, equipped with tactile and thermal sensors and controlled by its computational architecture, is one of the most advanced robotic manipulatory devices available worldwide. Other ongoing projects will exploit these tools and allow the hand to perform tasks that exceed the capabilities of current generation robots.

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40

Merlet, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution à la formalisation de la commande par retour d'efforts en robotique : application à la commande de robots parallèles." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066296.

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Recherches dans les systèmes robotisés à retour d'efforts. Quelques cas d'assemblage. Capteurs de force. Mécanique de l'assemblage. C-surfaces et définition de tache. Commande avec modèle de comportement. Méthode locale et fonction d'évaluation. Commande avec c-surface. Robots parallèles.

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41

Chamas, Hassan. "Etude de la localisation de nanofils de silicium sur des surfaces Si3N4 et SiO2 micro & nanostructurées." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961229.

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Les nanofils de semiconducteurs, d'oxides métalliques ou encore les nanotubes de carbone suscitent beaucoup d'intérêt pour des applications en nanoélectronique, mais également pour le développement de nanocapteurs chimiques ou biologiques. Cet intérêt pour les capteurs est principalement motivé par les propriétés liées aux faibles dimensions radiales et aux forts ratios surface/volume de ces nano-objets qui les rendent extrêmement sensibles aux effets de surface, et par conséquent à leur environnement. Les variations de charges de surface des matériaux en fonction du milieu peuvent également être utilisées comme une voie pour l'auto-organisation de nano-objets. Ce travail s'inscrit dans cette perspective. La voie chimique explorée pour la localisation est compatible avec une intégration de nano-objets a posteriori sur une technologie CMOS silicium. Plus précisément, notre approche " Bottom Up " repose sur les variations de la charge de surface du SiO2 et du Si3N4 en fonction du pH de la solution. Après une revue de littérature sur les points de charge nulle (PZC) des différents isolants selon leurs techniques d'élaboration, nous avons étudié expérimentalement les propriétés de couches de SiO2 thermique et de Si3N4 (LPCVD). Les PZC de ces différents isolants ont été déterminés par des mesures d'impédance électrochimique réalisées sur des structures EIS et couplées avec des mesures d'angle de contact en fonction du pH. Une étude systématique en fonction du pH (1.5 à 4.5) a été réalisée et un protocole expérimental a pu être mis en place pour démontrer la localisation préférentiellement les nanofils de silicium sur Si3N4. Nous avons pu démontrer qu'une localisation quasi parfaite était possible pour un pH compris entre 3 et 3,25 conformément au modèle électrostatique proposé. Le procédé développé présente l'avantage d'être simple, reproductible et peu coûteux. Il utilise une chimie très classique à température ambiante pour localiser des nano-objets silicium sans présenter de risque pour les dispositifs CMOS des niveaux inférieurs.

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42

Каштан, Владислав Васильович. "Система вимірювання температури тіла людини". Bachelor's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2021. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/41969.

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У проекті розглянуто систему терморегуляції організму та розроблено класифікацію методів для вимірювання температури тіла людини, що дало можливість провести фундаментальний аналіз та обрати метод для подальшої реалізації в приладі. Проект складається з двох розділів: конструкторського та технологічного. Він викладений на 83 сторінках та містить 38 рисунків, 13 таблиць, 16 формул, 2 додаток, 33 літературних джерел. В конструкторському розділі показано особливості виміру температури тіла люди дистанційними методами. За основу було обрано оптичний метод вимірювання, де було проведеного аналіз існуючих аналогів та відомих конструкторських рішень. Запропонована модернізація існуючих аналогів з додаванням модулю для калібрування інфрачервоного приймача випромінювання, що реалізується за допомогою лазерного діода, поворотного дзеркала та крокового двигуна. Розроблено загальний вигляд системи вимірювання температури, оптичну принципово-функціональну та електричну схему проведено необхідні розрахунки. В технологічному розділі розроблено складальне креслення приладу та проведено розрахунки пов’язані з відпрацюванням приладу на технологічність. Проведено повірка температурного датчику приладу для калібрування системи.
The project considers the system of thermoregulation of the body and developed a classification of methods for measuring human body temperature, which made it possible to conduct a fundamental analysis and choose a method for further implementation in the device. The project consists of two sections: design and technology. It is set out on 83 pages and contains 38 figures, 13 tables, 16 formulas, 2 appendices, 33 references. The design section shows the features of measuring body temperature of people by remote sensing methods. The optical measurement method was chosen as the basis, where the analysis of existing analogues and known design solutions was performed. The modernization of the existing analogues with the addition of a module for calibration of the infrared radiation receiver, which is realized with the help of a laser diode, a rotary mirror and a stepper motor, is proposed. The general look of the temperature measurement system is developed, the optical principle-functional and electric circuit the necessary calculations are carried out. In the technological section the assembly drawing of the device is developed and calculations connected with working off of the device on manufacturability are carried out. The temperature sensor of the system calibration device was calibrated.

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43

Forsberg, Johan. "Mobile robot navigation using non-contact sensors." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, EISLAB, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26184.

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This thesis concerns localization and control of mobile robots using range measurements from optronic sensors, in particular scanning time-of-flight lasers. The thesis covers the localization algorithms, on-line sensor calibration and tele-operation for semi-autonomous control of mobile robots. A real-world application of an autonomous mobile robot equipped with an arm for surface finishing operations is also developed. The Range Weighted Hough/Radon transform is introduced for robust detection of walls and extraction of geometric parameters. Thus a robot can automatically create a map of its environment and update it using an extended Kalman filter. The required association of observations with the map features uses a Bayesian classifier. New walls are added to the map as they are observed and classified as new. Navigation is performed with typical fluctuations of 1 cm and 1 degree (standard deviation) at speeds of 0.5 m/s. The navigation is robust even in cluttered environments and with several persons moving around. Sheet-of-light range cameras have also been tested for mobile robot navigation. A calibration algorithm for simultaneous calibration and localization integrates the calibration into the localization system. The only absolute reference needed by the calibration algorithm is the relative motion of the robot. The resulting system performs calibration during normal operation without lowering the localization performance. The algorithms above were applied to two applications: - A mobile robot capable of autonomously spray-plastering the walls and ceiling of a room. The prototype was successfully tested at construction sites. - A semi-autonomous robot tele-operated using tele-commands. The tele- commands include navigation along corridors, through open doors, following walking persons and automatic map generation of the remote site.

Godkänd; 1998; 20061122 (haneit)

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44

Devaraj, Thomas Jonathan. "Capacitive sensors for non-contact ECG measurements." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427066.

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45

Lin, Sheng-Hung, and 林勝弘. "Ultra-Slim Contact Image Sensor." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pu6y2f.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
光電與平面顯示器產業研發碩士專班
96
In general, the traditional contact-type image sensor is composed of light source, and opto-mechanical devices and CMOS device that opto- mechanical device includes light-guide, gradient index lens array. When the light source illuminates the document which is needed to be scanned, and makes the light is scattered or reflected by the document. The image of the document will be imaged on the sensor array through the opto-mechanical device. Then, the image of the document can be obtained by the sensor array. The design of the opto-mechanical device will dominate the image quality. The opto-mechanical device plays an important role in this system. In addition, the volume depends on the size of the opto-mechanical device. Therefore, if the opto-mechanical device is removed from the scanning system, not only the volume can be reduced but also the production cost can be lowered. In this research, a new scanning method is developed to achieve this purpose. Light source and sensor are both the main devices in this new scanning method. In this method, the image will be captured by the image sensor by means of diffraction which quality is no less poor than the image sensor consisting of the opto-mechanical device.

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46

Tsao, Hui-hua, and 曹慧華. "CPFR CASE STUDY FOR CONTACT IMAGE SENSOR." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88196914922423770769.

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碩士
東吳大學
企業管理學系
97
In the fast-changing industry enviroment, enterprises have paid a lot of money to invest new technology and new market to gain their own competition advantage. But the new technology progressing and material cost rasing make enterprises faced more difficult business competition. Therefore, the various strategic alliance and cooperation are established. This research is to make the in-depth case analysis for three MFP makers how to cooperate with CIS suppliers and enhance their operational agility by CPFR (Collaborative Planning, Forecasting,and Replenishment ) with information sharing。 We can investigate and survey their individual cooperating result. Usually, the data of order forecasting exists uncertainly and vagueness which forced CIS suppliers to adjust their productin plan to catch the tight delivery, and the replenishment system of JIT and VMI caused the high inventory and low material cycling rate. Therefore, Rolling Forecasting has become a well-known and criticial solution. The research reveals some valuable sugestions are the best model of the order forecasting is to implement“VMI + Rolling Forecasting” system. It is helpful to decrease the high inventory & transportation cost to improve the supply chain performace. This model also can be a reference case for other industries.

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47

Lien, Feng-Hsien, and 連奉先. "The Design of a Non-contact Vital-sign Sensor." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nexp8h.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
電資碩士班
101
Conventionally, the electrocardiography(ECG) and the cardiopulmonary monitors require the electrodes attached to the human body. This may discomfort the patients during a long period of time in monitoring their cardiopulmonary activities. On the other hand, the patient may be confined to the monitor by the connection from the monitor, and this may bring him great inconvenience. This work has implemented a vital-sign sensor to overcome such a problem by using a non-contact scheme, which is based on the reflection of the electromagnetic wave and the Doppler effect. The sensor transmits an RF signal toward the human body, and consequently receives the reflected wave from the human body. Since the reflected wave will be modulated with its phase (or frequency) by human beings cardiopulmonary movement, the sensor can simply demodulate the reflected wave to transduce the cardiopulmonary activities into electrical signals. The electrical signals can be further processed to diagnose the breathing- and the heartbeat-rate. In this work, the non-contact vital-sign sensor was implemented to operate at a frequency of 2.4 GHz. This sensor can successfully achieve a sensing distance ranging from 0.001 to 1 m.

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48

郭景一. "Development of a non-contact rotating shaft torque sensor." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40348076579341135000.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
91
This thesis is concerned with the development of non-contact rotating shaft torque sensor. The torque sensor uses strain gauges to measure the rotating shaft torque, and uses the Wheatstone bridge balanced circuit to convert the shaft stress into a DC voltage signal to calculate the torque value. Rotary transformers are used for non-contacting coupling of excitation and output to and from the rotating strain-gauge bridge. The performance evaluations of torque sensor prototype are conducted with the speed range of 0 to 3000 rpm and torque measuring range of 0 to 1 kg-m. The static experimental results of torque sensor prototype show that the total linearity error is 3.5%, the repeat error is 1.7%, the hysteresis error is 0.9%, and output voltage is 20mV for 0.1 kg-m torque. Other advantages of the proposed system include low-cost, easy calibration and longer lifespan.

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Zhang, Yu-Cheng, and 張育誠. "Light Guide Bar Design For Contact Image Sensor Module." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8hy5hg.

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碩士
國立中央大學
光電科學與工程學系
107
In this thesis, a novel concept for the design of a light guide bar has been firstly proposed. We apply a certain blade with high temperature for shaping the necessary grooves on the bottom of the light guide bar. All the sculpturing parameters, including the repeatability of the light guide bars, the accuracy of the groove periods, and the precision for the groove depth, are extensively verified. The groove periods and depths have been carefully optimized in order to have uniform output light distribution. Generally, the PRNU value is requested as low as less than 30 %. The simulation design is then realized in mass production and greatly help the production time and cost.

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50

Yang, Chou Done, and 楊朝棟. "The Development of Document Scanning by Contact-type Image Sensor." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02589507263954158693.

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