Добірка наукової літератури з теми "CONFIGURING SITUATION"

Given the customer requirements for personalized product increased, the contradiction between actual products and customer satisfaction was existed. Analyzing the present situation of design templates, the product configuration approach based on design templates was proposed. The importance of template objects was sorted in descending to enhance the customer satisfaction for configuring product. A typical application of a small agricultural machinery product design was given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the design approach.

Abstract This paper discusses structuring of hardware and software for an autonomous social robot. It shows that the real-world social robot operations face the challenge of environmental variability and uncertainty of the objective parameters. Thus, a social robot must be capable of situation analysis for better autonomy. We propose a modular distributed structure of the control system. Separate modules monitor the status and control the subsystems of the robot. General coordination of subsystems is provided by the Supervisor module. For the robot to function autonomously, the Supervisor must be capable of situation analysis and its key functions: objective retrieval and analysis, situation description, configuring and strategizing the solution. The robot’s sensory inputs help acquire the objective and its parameters to describe the situation. Description relies on the database of a priori knowledge of the environment and its objects. Analysis is linked to a reduction in the uncertainty of the objective parameters and situation description. For a case study, the paper demonstrates a maze-solving strategy as affected by the situation.

Abstract The paper firstly proposes energy storage frequency regulation for hydropower stations. Taking the actual operating hydropower station as an example, it analyzes the necessity of configuring energy storage to participate in frequency regulation for hydropower stations, and according to the hydropower station AGC regulate situation, the battery capacity of the energy storage frequency regulation system is designed, and the frequency regulation performance of the energy storage frequency regulation system at different battery capacities is analyzed. It provides reference for hydropower stations with similar needs.

Configuring A Sensor Network for Fault Detection in Distributed Parameter SystemsThe problem of fault detection in distributed parameter systems (DPSs) is formulated as that of maximizing the power of a parametric hypothesis test which checks whether or not system parameters have nominal values. A computational scheme is provided for the design of a network of observation locations in a spatial domain that are supposed to be used while detecting changes in the underlying parameters of a distributed parameter system. The setting considered relates to a situation where from among a finite set of potential sensor locations only a subset can be selected because of the cost constraints. As a suitable performance measure, theDs-optimality criterion defined on the Fisher information matrix for the estimated parameters is applied. Then, the solution of a resulting combinatorial problem is determined based on the branch-and-bound method. As its essential part, a relaxed problem is discussed in which the sensor locations are givena prioriand the aim is to determine the associated weights, which quantify the contributions of individual gauged sites. The concavity and differentiability properties of the criterion are established and a gradient projection algorithm is proposed to perform the search for the optimal solution. The delineated approach is illustrated by a numerical example on a sensor network design for a two-dimensional convective diffusion process.

Cooperative ubiquitous environments support user interaction and cooperative work by adapting to the prevalent situation of the present users. They are typically complex and have many environment components—interconnected devices and software modules—that realise new interaction techniques and facilitate collaboration. Despite this complexity, users need to be able to easily adapt their environments to the respective needs of the workgroups. In this paper, the authors present the CollaborationBus Aqua editor, a sophisticated, yet lightweight editor for configuring ubiquitous environments in groups. The CollaborationBus Aqua editor simplifies the configuration and offers advanced concepts for sharing and browsing configurations among users.

Since the beginning of the Republic of North Macedonia, there have been marginalized groups. The LGBTI community, Roma, and women living in North Macedonia have faced various human rights violations for years, including a lack of representation or resources. While the government has attempted to address some of these violations and inequalities through policy, much remains to be addressed. The government must step forward, strengthen its legislation, and provide support to these groups. Roma has historically struggled in many states, with many peoples. The Roma in North Macedonia has experienced various discriminations and rights violations, easily summed up in a pipeline from segregated education to poor health. A step forward for the LGBTI community in North Macedonia, albeit rather complicated, has been the Law on Protection and Prevention of Discrimination. This law was proposed in 2019 to replace its predecessor with a more comprehensive version. It was the first law that explicitly prohibited discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity. This law passed but was quickly repealed, as it initially had not achieved the required majority to pass, amongst additional deliberation. Soon afterwards, Parliament was able to re-establish the law with the necessary majority. The lives of women in North Macedonia are not well protected despite the word of the law. Violence against women has been a prevalent issue and significant public health problem due to the negative impact it has on women’s health, causing physical and psychological damage. The government has taken action to prevent this violence and protect its victims.

Introduction: This paper focuses on providing social care to a close relative. It is crucial in social services. Design: qualitative methodology – method of semi-structured interviews. Methods: respondents were selected to satisfy specific criteria. Particularly, these criteria were the care of a close relative who was assigned level III or IV care benefits. Another criterion according to which we selected respondents was that the carer belonged to the age group in which a person is still usually economically active. The research sample consisted of 6 respondents. Results: Based on the data analysis, we created categories to present the content of semi-structured interviews. Needs focusing on the body carried over into maintenance of one’s own physical and mental health are: the need for safety, the need for acceptance, the need for acknowledgement and respect, and the need for self-fulfilment and perspective. Conclusions: It is important to identify the care of a close relative, the specifics and needs, in the interests of configuring effective management of medical, psychological and social care, and creation of a system of social protection.

Abstract Microgrid technology has been widely used due to its high flexibility and reliability. In the operation process, it is prone to the situation that the system stability decreases due to untimely fault removal, and the microgrid current needs to be adjusted in time. A current protection scheme based on a simulated annealing particle swarm algorithm is proposed, which improves the particle swarm shrinkage factor and combines with the simulated annealing algorithm to shorten the current rectification time in the microgrid system by reasonably configuring the load in the simulated system, and the rationality of the method is verified by simulation. In this way, the premature problem of the particle swarm algorithm is solved well.

Abstract Models developed through design and construction are not intended to support facility management. They don’t generally have the life-cycle data and information required or they are not configured to support visualization of model graphics from a system’s perspective. Current implementations for BIM-FM focuses mainly on including facility life cycle data in BIM models to support space management or asset management. Models are not customized with necessary data and classification that allow for isolating and visualizing components of a specific building system (e.g. supply air). This is necessary in an emergency situation to allow facility staff to diagnose the problem associated with the system and its components, identify the problem and make necessary and informed actions. In this paper, we discuss requirements for preparing an as-built BIM model to be systems-centric using a case study approach of a two-story science building. A system classification hierarchy was developed to classify the systems and sub-systems of the building. Sixteen systems-centric properties were defined to search, filter, isolate, and display elements in a specific system or sub-system. The configured systems-centric model will allow facility managers understand the dependencies across different systems to accurately determine impacts across the facility and develop strategies to rapidly respond to any emergency. The case study analysed the mechanical and plumbing systems in the building. This paper will focus on results from the analysis of the mechanical system. An example of emergency scenario is discussed and presented.

The work is devoted to the development of a lesson that will allow students of automation educational programs to develop the skills of configuring industrial controllers of the Siemens Simatic S7 family. During developing the lesson, it was decided to use the format of laboratory work with the involvement of modern forms of students' work activation. Structurally, the student's work per class consists of independent and classroom work. Independent work includes watching educational videos and studying theoretical material. Auditory work consists of participation in a master class conducted by the teacher and completion of an individual task, where the teacher acts as a consultant. The developed lesson can be conducted both face-to-face and remotely. Under conducting a distance lesson, the teacher needs to pay more attention to the means of receiving feedback from students, as well as limit the number of participants, in order to improve the uniformity of learning the material by students. Methodical and visual support was developed to support the lesson: the list of video materials for viewing; reference book on theoretical material; the presentation to accompany the creation of a sample software project; individual tasks for students. The developed lesson was approved in remote form, considering the current situation in Ukraine. For the first time, an integrated product was created for training students in the skills of configuring industrial controllers of the Siemens Simatic S7 family, which is characterized by an orientation towards familiarity with the TIA Portal environment, development to support each stage of the lesson with methodical and visual support, a complete structure of information presentation, and the use of such modern forms of education, like a master class. The developed lesson allows students of automation educational programs to develop the skill of configuring industrial controllers of the Siemens Simatic S7 family in a fairly short time at a sufficiently high level. Further work of students consists of creating software projects based on real automation tasks. Key words: automatically integrated technologies, professional competences, master class, methodological support, TIA Portal.

Method engineering models and techniques have been extensively used for turning traditional methods into project-specific methods. However, it is increasingly being recognized that there exists a ‘dynamic’ and ‘light-weight’ methodology as well. These methodologies are popularly addressed as an agile methodology. Agile methodologies are gaining importance in many organisations. The thesis addresses the issue of providing project-specific methods for both traditional paradigm and agile paradigm. The solution starts by providing a decision support system that helps to predict the appropriate methodological model for the current project. The Decision support system based on the defined the set of weighted project characteristics along with the project-specific input metrics for these project characteristics. Further, thesis move towards the method configuration process for providing project-specific methods for both traditional paradigm and agile paradigm. The proposed method configuration process is analogous to system configuration. The system configuration is based on the construction of a ‘configurable system model’ that represents the essential system concepts and the interrelationship between these. Similarly, method configuration processes based on ‘configurable methods’ having as essentiality attribute. The process starts by developing a configurable Metamodel capable enough to model the concepts of the configurable method. The configurable Metamodel is an instantiation of decisional Metamodel that is an instantiation of generic Metamodel. Therefore, the proposed Metamodel is an instantiation of the generic model. Now just as the system configuration process yields a family of configured methods so also the method configuration process produces a family of methods. Further, the process was validated with the help of case studies in different domains.

AbstractThis chapter reflects on lessons learned from a year of emergency remote teaching at a technology-focused university since the pandemic outbreak in March 2020. We focus on practical implications for supporting faculty in future emergency remote teaching situations based on an understanding of how faculty adapted to this novel phenomenon and the challenges they encountered during the rapid transition. Specifically, we examine faculty members’ perceptions and attitudes toward emergency remote teaching by taking a mixed-methods approach. We conducted a study using data collected from two anonymous online surveys administered in April 2020 and December 2020 as well as case study interviews conducted in May 2020. Our findings suggest that engaging students in interactive discussions or collaborative activities and assessing students’ learning were the areas in which faculty struggled the most persistently across both semesters. Yet, we observed between the two semesters an increasing trend in the proportion of faculty who felt their course was suitable for online instruction. We also observed a similar uptick in faculty who sought instructional resources from within their department and technology experts on campus. Our study findings capture creative and flexible strategies that our instructors have used to overcome these instructional challenges (e.g., re-configuring projects to handle logistical difficulties). We also identify varying needs and other important individual factors that might explain different transitioning experiences among faculty. The chapter concludes by discussing next steps to effectively support faculty members’ instructional practices and rebuild “the hybrid model” of education for the post-pandemic era.

This chapter proposes an understanding of the role of management consultants in the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems in the Public Sector. The analysis is grounded on the case of an Italian Local Government in the course of 10 years. Each period corresponds to a different key client-consultant relationship and Public Sector situation. By using situational maps, the authors have highlighted the deeply contextual reflexivity between consultants and client organizations in configuring consultants’ advice over time. The purpose of the chapter is to replace “guru-istic” accounts with a more relational perspective that describes consultants as existing only in relation with their clients and the evolving Public Sector situation.

This chapter proposes an understanding of the role of management consultants in the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning Systems in the Public Sector. The analysis is grounded on the case of an Italian Local Government in the course of 10 years. Each period corresponds to a different key client-consultant relationship and Public Sector situation. By using situational maps, the authors have highlighted the deeply contextual reflexivity between consultants and client organizations in configuring consultants’ advice over time. The purpose of the chapter is to replace “guru-istic” accounts with a more relational perspective that describes consultants as existing only in relation with their clients and the evolving Public Sector situation.

Violence is a phenomenon that may be present in the history of some children, configuring itself as a serious public health problem, which can compromise the formation of these developing subjects. We sought to know the role of the professional nurse in cases of violence against children. This is a research with a qualitative approach, whose data collection took place through semi-structured interviews. We used the path of thematic categorical analysis that resulted in three broad categories: "Violence against children, as nurses identify"; "Conducts adopted by nurses in cases of violence" and "Limits and challenges faced by nurses". This serious problem reported here, despite its complexity, requires health professionals to take actions to cope with it, and efforts should be made to make a greater effort to understand, identify and notify the different types of maltreatment, in order to enable a registration system with reliable information regarding situations of violence against children, thus allowing forms of prevention of this social aggravation. The expansion of this study in other realities may increase the visibility of the barriers to the necessary implementation of the notification of violence against children in health services.

With the rapid growth of internet finance and the booming of financial lending, the intelligent calling for debt collection in FinTech companies has driven increasing attention. Nowadays, the widely used intelligent calling system is based on dialogue flow, namely configuring the interaction flow with the finite-state machine. In our scenario of debt collection, the completed dialogue flow contains more than one thousand interactive paths. All the dialogue procedures are artificially specified, with extremely high maintenance costs and error-prone. To solve this problem, we propose the behavior-cloning-based collection robot framework without any dialogue flow configuration, called two-stage behavior cloning (TSBC). In the first stage, we use multi-label classification model to obtain policies that may be able to cope with the current situation according to the dialogue state; in the second stage, we score several scripts under each obtained policy to select the script with the highest score as the reply for the current state. This framework makes full use of the massive manual collection records without labeling and fully absorbs artificial wisdom and experience. We have conducted extensive experiments in both single-round and multi-round scenarios and showed the effectiveness of the proposed system. The accuracy of a single round of dialogue can be improved by 5%, and the accuracy of multiple rounds of dialogue can be increased by 3.1%.

User-centered design (UCD) methods for human-machine interfaces (HMI) have been a key to develop safe and user-friendly interaction for years. Especially in safety-critical domains like transportation, humans need to have clear instructions and feedback loops to safely interact with the vehicle. With the shift towards more automation on the streets, human-machine interaction needs to be predictable to ensure safe road interaction. Understanding human behavior and prior user needs in crucial situation can be significant in a multitude of complex interactions for in-vehicle passengers, pedestrians and other traffic participants.While research mostly focused on addressing user behavior and user needs, the inclusion of users has often been limited to study participants with behavioral inputs or interviewees prompted for opinions. Although users do not have the knowledge and experience as professional designers and experts to create a product for others alone, unbiased insights into the future target groups’ mental models are a valuable and necessary asset. Hence, with stronger user participation and appropriate tools for users to design prototypes, the design process may deeper involve all type of stakeholders helping to provide insights into their mental models to understand user need and expectation.To extend current UCD practices in the development of automotive HMIs, our work introduces a user-interactive approach, based on the principles of participatory design (PD), to enable users to actively create and work within design process. A within-subject study was conducted based on evaluating users’ trust within an interaction with an AV and subsequently configuring the corresponding HMI. The scenario focuses on the interaction between a pedestrian (user’s point of view) deciding to cross path with an automated vehicle (AV, SAE L4). The AV would show its intention via a 360° light band HMI on its roof. The interactive simulation offered users hands-on options to iteratively experience, evaluate and improve HMI elements within changeable environmental settings (i.e., weather, daytime) until they were satisfied with the result. The addition of participation was provided by an interface using common visual user interface elements, i.e. sliders and buttons, giving users a range of variety for real-time HMI configuring.A first prototype of this interactive simulation was tested for the safety-critical use-case in a usability study (N=29). Results from questionnaires and interviews show high usability acceptance of the interactive simulation among participants as assessed by the system usability scale. Overall usability was rated high (System Usability Scale) and frustration low (NASA-TLX raw). Moreover, the interactive simulation was rated to have above average user experience (User Experience Questionnaire). Appended feedback interviews gave valuable insights on improving the simulation user interface, offering different design opportunities within the simulation and a wider parameter space. The short design session time shows the limit of customizability options within this study but needs to be further investigated to determine optimal range for longer evaluation and design sessions. Based on the study results, further requirements for PD simulative environments to assess limits for parameter spaces in virtual environments are derived.

The aim of this paper is to show the functional design of the prototype called Rese_Q01. The characteristics required for this prototype are defined by the competition “RoboCup Rescue”. The competition evaluates robot’s capabilities in four suites: Maneuverability, Mobility, Dexterity and Exploration. In add, the final step of the challenge is the readiness check of system sensors in order to locate victims and dangerous situations. A snake-like architecture, using a modular approach, inspires the prototype Rese_Q01. The robot is composed by a variable number of modules interconnect by multi degree of freedom joints. The modular approach allows configuring the robot in the best way for specific tasks. A specific module can be equipped with different sensors and with a hand effector for specific tasks. Moreover, the modular approach is also employed for the joints. The paper presents the design requirements resulting from the use in post-disaster monitoring operations, the mechanical synthesis procedure and the functional design of the mobile robot. Furthermore, the traction system and the trajectory control are shown.

Un dels efectes més notables de la reestructuració econòmica viscuda a Europa durant les darreres dècades ha estat la intensificació dels processos de pobresa urbana i exclusió social. El que ha comportat el reforçament i agudització de les desigualtats socials i la segregació espacial, consolidant-se així una realitat urbana dualitzada. Les situacions d’exclusió social han tendit a concentrar-se en aquelles àrees urbanes que pateixen majors processos de degradació, amb una qualitat de vida i unes oportunitats econòmiques sensiblement inferiors a la del conjunt urbà més proper. Per treballar en favor d’un model de desenvolupament urbà sostenible i socialment més just, així com per donar resposta als reptes i necessitats especials dels barris amb dificultats, s’estan implementant, en diferents ciutats europees, respostes conegudes com programes d’intervenció integral. Aquests programes recullen de forma explícita la voluntat d’actuar sobre les múltiples variables que configuren i expliquen les situacions de marginalitat urbana. No plantegen actuacions focalitzades en la transformació de l’espai físic, sinó que també atorguen una atenció especial als diferents factors que interaccionen en la configuració social i econòmica de l’espai urbà. La perspectiva integrada implica la superació del model clàssic de compartimentació sectorial. L’element que canalitza l’actuació pública no són les responsabilitats i fronteres competencials, sinó els dèficits i les oportunitats que manifesta una determinada àrea urbana. Aquest model d’intervenció ha assolit un creixent protagonisme, tant en l’agenda política de diferents Estats i regions europees, com en la pròpia UE. L’any 1994, la UE creà la Iniciativa Comunitària URBAN. El programa recollia com a objectius generals la necessitat de fer front a la degradació de la qualitat de vida en determinats espais de les ciutats i actuar en favor de la redinamització socioeconòmica i ambiental de les àrees urbanes amb dificultats. A través de dues edicions (1994-1999 i 2000-2006), URBAN ha permès cofinançar 188 programes en 15 Estats Membres. En aquesta comunicació es presentarà els resultats d’una recerca sobre la IC URBAN, tot centrant l’atenció de l’anàlisi en el model d’aproximació a la realitat urbana que planteja. Aquest model es caracteritza per la perspectiva integrada de les qüestions socials, econòmiques i medi ambientals com a mecanisme per donar una millor resposta als problemes locals. Finalment, s’interpretarà l’impacte assolit per URBAN, emprant com a indicador l’anàlisi de diferents casos d’estudi de ciutats angleses, espanyoles, franceses i italianes One of the most notable effects of the economic restructuring undertaken in Europe during recent decades has been the intensification of processes that give rise to urban poverty and social exclusion. This has led to the reinforcing and sharpening of social inequalities and spatial segregation and to the consolidation of a dichotomous urban reality. Situations of social exclusion have tended to concentrate in urban areas that have suffered major processes of degradation and which have levels of quality of life and economic opportunity that are appreciably inferior to those of their nearest urban neighbours. Several European cities are currently working towards the creation of a model of sustainable and more socially just urban development and towards providing responses to the challenges and special needs of neighbourhoods with difficulties. This initiative forms part of what are known as integrated intervention programmes. These programmes explicitly share the will to take appropriate action to influence the many variables that configure and explain situations of urban marginality. They do not only propose interventions aimed at physically transforming space, but also dedicate special attention to the different factors that interact to determine the social and economic configuration of urban space. The integrated approach implies improving on the classical model of sectorial division. The elements that channel public responses are not responsibility and competence frontiers, but rather the deficits and opportunities manifested by a given urban area. This new model for intervention has gained increasing protagonism, both in the political agendas of various European states and regions and in the European Union itself. In 1994, the EU established the URBAN Community Initiative. The general objectives of this programme were related to the need to take measures against the loss of quality of life in certain parts of cities and to take action to promote the socioeconomic and environmental revitalisation of urban areas with difficulties. To date, two editions of URBAN (1994-1999 and 2000-2006) have permitted the co-financing of 188 programmes in 15 EU member states. In this communication, we will present the results of research relating to the URBAN Community Initiative, specifically focusing our attention and analysis on the model for urban reality that it proposes. This model is characterised by the way in which social, economic and environmental questions are addressed from an integrated approach, which serves as a mechanism for providing better responses to local problems. Finally, we will analyse the impact that the URBAN has achieved, using case studies based on British, Spanish, French and Italian cities as indicators in this analysis.