Готові списки джерел за темами / Cone gratings

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Cone gratings"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Cone gratings"

1

VICTOR, JONATHAN D., KEITH P. PURPURA, and MARY M. CONTE. "Chromatic and luminance interactions in spatial contrast signals." Visual Neuroscience 15, no. 4 (April 1998): 607–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523898154032.

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Анотація:
We report VEP studies which delineate interactions between chromatic and luminance contrast signals. We examined responses to sinusoidal luminance gratings undergoing 4-Hz square-wave contrast reversal, upon which standing gratings with various admixtures of luminance and chromatic contrast were alternately superimposed and withdrawn. The presence of the standing grating induced a VEP component at the fundamental frequency of the contrast-reversal grating. This VEP component appeared without any appreciable lag, and did not vary in amplitude over the 4 s during which the standing grating was present. The observed fundamental response differed from the fundamental component that would be expected from the known interaction between the luminance component of the standing grating with the modulated grating (Bodis-Wollner et al., 1972; Bobak et al., 1988), in three ways: (1) The fundamental response was not nulled for standing gratings that were isoluminant or near-isoluminant. (2) The chromatic dependence of the fundamental response implied an S-cone input to the interaction. (3) No single mechanism (driven by a linear combination of cone signals) could account quantitatively for the size of this response, particularly when the standing grating strongly modulated two cones in phase.
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2

ORGER, MICHAEL B., and HERWIG BAIER. "Channeling of red and green cone inputs to the zebrafish optomotor response." Visual Neuroscience 22, no. 3 (May 2005): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523805223039.

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Visual systems break scenes down into individual features, processed in distinct channels, and then selectively recombine those features according to the demands of particular behavioral tasks. In primates, for example, there are distinct pathways for motion and form processing. While form vision utilizes color information, motion pathways receive input from only a subset of cone photoreceptors and are generally colorblind. To explore the link between early channeling of visual information and behavioral output across vertebrate species, we measured the chromatic inputs to the optomotor response of larval zebrafish. Using cone-isolating gratings, we found that there is a strong input from both red and green cones but not short-wavelength cones, which nevertheless do contribute to another behavior, phototaxis. Using a motion-nulling method, we measured precisely the input strength of gratings that stimulated cones in combination. The fish do not respond to gratings that stimulate different cone types out of phase, but have an enhanced response when the cones are stimulated together. This shows that red and green cone signals are pooled at a stage before motion detection. Since the two cone inputs are combined into a single ‘luminance’ channel, the response to sinusoidal gratings is colorblind. However, we also find that the relative contributions of the two cones at isoluminance varies with spatial frequency. Therefore, natural stimuli, which contain a mixture of spatial frequencies, are likely to be visible regardless of their chromatic composition.
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3

Jirigalantu, Bayanheshig, and Xiang Dong Qi. "The Research of Rigid Lapping Technique on Diamond Grating Ruling Tool." Advanced Materials Research 179-180 (January 2011): 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.179-180.641.

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One of the effective method of improving diamond tool life on rulling large diffraction gratings is developing precise double-cone edged on line edge transfering tool.But traditional died weight or manual lapping technique couldn't meet the precision requirement of on line edge transfering tool.So preliminary studied rigid lapping of diamond grating ruling tool.Choosing traditional BC6063 shaping machine and made a series of alteration on it, achieved the automation of lapping process of diamond grating ruling tool. Through lapping grating ruling tool and AFM measurement find that the surface roughness of tool is 1.51nm,the radius of tool edge is 160nm, edge quality is good enough,this verified the feasibility of rigid lapping of diamond grating ruling tool and lay the foundation for developing precision lapping machine.
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4

NORTHMORE, D. P. M., D. J. OH, and M. A. CELENZA. "Acuity and contrast sensitivity of the bluegill sunfish and how they change during optic nerve regeneration." Visual Neuroscience 24, no. 3 (May 2007): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523807070307.

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Spatial vision was studied in the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus (9.5–14 cm standard length) to assess the limitations imposed by the optics of the eye, the retinal receptor spacing and the retinotectal projection during regeneration. Examination of images formed by the dioptric elements of the eye showed that spatial frequencies up to 29 c/° could be imaged on the retina. Cone spacing was measured in the retina of fresh, intact eyes. The spacing of rows of double cones predicted 3.4 c/° as the cutoff spatial frequency; the spacing between rows of single and double cones predicted 6.7 c/°. Contrast sensitivity functions were obtained psychophysically in normals and fish with one regenerating optic nerve. Fish were trained to orient to gratings (mean luminance = 25 cd/m2) presented to either eye. In normals, contrast sensitivity functions were similar in shape and bandwidth to those of other species, peaking at 0.4 c/° with a minimum contrast threshold of 0.03 and a cutoff at about 5 c/°, which was within the range predicted by cone spacing. Given that the optical cutoff frequency exceeds that predicted by cone spacing, it is possible that gratings could be detected by aliasing with the bluegill's regular cone mosaic. However, tests with high contrast gratings up to 15 c/° found no evidence of such detection. After crushing one optic nerve in three trained sunfish, recovery of visual avoidance, dorsal light reflex and orienting to gratings, were monitored over 315 days. At 64–69 days postcrush, responses to gratings reappeared, and within 2–5 days contrast sensitivity at low (0.15 c/°) and medium (1.0 c/°) spatial frequencies had returned to normal. At a high spatial frequency (2.93 c/°) recovery was much slower, and complete only in one fish.
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5

Johnson, Elizabeth N., Michael J. Hawken, and Robert Shapley. "Cone Inputs in Macaque Primary Visual Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 91, no. 6 (June 2004): 2501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01043.2003.

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Анотація:
To understand the role of primary visual cortex (V1) in color vision, we measured directly the input from the 3 cone types in macaque V1 neurons. Cells were classified as luminance-preferring, color-luminance, or color-preferring from the ratio of the peak amplitudes of spatial frequency responses to red/green equiluminant and to black/white (luminance) grating patterns, respectively. In this study we used L-, M-, and S-cone–isolating gratings to measure spatial frequency response functions for each cone type separately. From peak responses to cone-isolating stimuli we estimated relative cone weights and whether cone inputs were the same or opposite sign. For most V1 cells the relative S-cone weight was <0.1. All color-preferring cells were cone opponent and their L/M cone weight ratio was clustered around a value of –1, which is roughly equal and opposite L and M cone signals. Almost all cells (88%) classified as luminance cells were cone nonopponent, with a broad distribution of cone weights. Most cells (73%) classified as color-luminance cells were cone opponent. This result supports our conclusion that V1 color-luminance cells are double-opponent. Such neurons are more sensitive to color boundaries than to areas of color and thereby could play an important role in color perception. The color-luminance population had a broad distribution of L/M cone weight ratios, implying a broad distribution of preferred colors for the double-opponent cells.
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6

Lee, Barry B., Robert M. Shapley, Michael J. Hawken, and Hao Sun. "Spatial distributions of cone inputs to cells of the parvocellular pathway investigated with cone-isolating gratings." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 29, no. 2 (January 26, 2012): A223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.29.00a223.

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7

HONG, SANG WOOK, and STEVEN K. SHEVELL. "Binocular rivalry between identical retinal stimuli with an induced color difference." Visual Neuroscience 25, no. 3 (March 6, 2008): 361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523808080139.

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Анотація:
An open question in color rivalry is whether alternation between two colors is caused by a difference in receptoral stimulation or a difference in the neural representation of color appearance. This question was examined with binocular rivalry between physically identical lights that differed in appearance due to chromatic induction. Perceptual alternation was measured between gratings of the same chromaticity; each one was presented within a different patterned surround that caused the gratings, one to each eye, to appear unequal in hue because of chromatic induction. The gratings were presented dichoptically with binocular disparity so the rivalrous gratings appeared in front of the surround. Perceptual alternation in hue was found for the two physically identical chromaticities. Stereoscopic depth also was perceived, corroborating binocular neural combination despite color rivalry (Treisman, 1962). The results show that color rivalry is resolved after color-appearance shifts caused by chromatic context, and that color rivalry does not require competing unequal cone excitations from the rivalrous stimuli.
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8

Kremers, Jan, Luiz Carlos L. Silveira, and Bjørg E. Kilavik. "Influence of Contrast on the Responses of Marmoset Lateral Geniculate Cells to Drifting Gratings." Journal of Neurophysiology 85, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.1.235.

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Анотація:
The responses of lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) cells in the common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus) to drifting luminance or cone isolating gratings of different spatial frequencies and contrasts were measured. The response noise, defined as the variability of the responses to single sweeps in the complex plane, was independent of stimulus contrast and spatial frequency but increased with increasing overall responsiveness of the cell. The signal-to-noise ratio of parvocellular (PC) cells was smaller than of magnocellular (MC) cells. At each contrast, the response amplitude as a function of spatial frequency could be described with a difference of Gaussians model. With this model, the sizes and the peak sensitivities of the receptive field centers and surrounds were estimated. It was found that receptive field center and surround sizes of LGN cells decrease slightly with increasing contrast. Further, the peak sensitivity decreases with increasing contrast. The two factors are involved in a decrease in responsivity (the response per unit contrast) with increasing contrast which is compatible to response saturation for low spatial frequency stimuli. PC cells did not saturate as much to luminance stimuli although some saturation was found with cone isolating gratings. We found that the response phase lag of both PC and MC cells decreased with increasing contrast, which cannot be explained on the basis of linear response behavior. Apparently the phase of LGN cell responses to drifting gratings is altered in comparison with the retinal inputs by additional nonlinearities.
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9

Heimel, J. Alexander, Stephen D. Van Hooser, and Sacha B. Nelson. "Laminar Organization of Response Properties in Primary Visual Cortex of the Gray Squirrel(Sciurus carolinensis)." Journal of Neurophysiology 94, no. 5 (November 2005): 3538–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00106.2005.

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Анотація:
The gray squirrel ( Sciurus carolinensis) is a diurnal highly visual rodent with a cone-rich retina. To determine which features of visual cortex are common to highly visual mammals and which are restricted to non-rodent species, we studied the laminar organization of response properties in primary visual area V1 of isoflurane-anesthetized squirrels using extra-cellular single-unit recording and sinusoidal grating stimuli. Of the responsive cells, 75% were tuned for orientation. Only 10% were directionally selective, almost all in layer 6, a layer receiving direct input from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Cone opponency was widespread but almost absent from layer 6. Median optimal spatial frequency tuning was 0.21 cycles/°. Median optimal temporal frequency a high 5.3 Hz. Layer 4 had the highest percentage of simple cells and shortest latency (26 ms). Layers 2/3 had the lowest spontaneous activity and highest temporal frequency tuning. Layer 5 had the broadest spatial frequency tuning and most spontaneous activity. At the layer 4/5 border were sustained cells with high cone opponency. Simple cells, determined by modulation to drifting sinusoidal gratings, responded with shorter latencies, were more selective for orientation and direction, and were tuned to lower spatial frequencies. A comparison with other mammals shows that although the laminar organization of orientation selectivity is variable, the cortical input layers contain more linear cells in most mammals. Nocturnal mammals appear to have more orientation-selective neurons in V1 than diurnal mammals of similar size.
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10

RUDVIN, INGER. "Visual evoked potentials for reversals of red–green gratings with different chromatic contrasts: Asymmetries with respect to isoluminance." Visual Neuroscience 22, no. 6 (November 2005): 749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523805226068.

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Анотація:
Human visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded for abrupt 6.25-Hz reversals of 2 c/deg square-wave gratings combining red–green contrast with different levels of luminance contrast. Response characteristics— amplitudes and peak latencies as a function of luminance contrast—were compared for four different pairs of red–green colors and an isochromatic yellow grating. For each of the red–green color pairs, the plots of VEP amplitudes and latencies were nonsymmetrical with respect to isoluminance. The amplitude dropped to a minimum within a region of rapid phase change, at a different contrast for each color pair but always at a luminance contrast for which the greener color had the higher luminance. When the contrast-response curve for each of the four red–green pairs was modeled by a simple |CL − CM| opponency of L- and M-cone contrast using a fixed CL/CM weighting ratio of about two, there was a close correspondence between the contrast giving a null in the modeled response and that giving a minimum in the VEP amplitude. So for the stimulus parameters applied here, the reversal VEP appeared to be dominated by L/M-opponent response contributions for which the signed CL/CM-cone weighting ratio was close to a value of minus two rather than to a value of minus one, which is characteristic of the psychophysical red–green detection mechanism and representative of CL/CM weighting ratios for precortical cells in the parvocellular pathway.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Cone gratings"

1

Doroshenko, V. O., N. P. Klimova, N. P. Stognii, and G. V. Sova. "Modeling the Electromagnetic Wave Diffraction on Conical Gratings Consisting of Zero-Thickness PEC Strips." Thesis, 2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers, CAOL*2019, 2019. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/16297.

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The periodic gratings are effectively used for producing modern electronics and radio engineering equipment and complexes. The electromagnetic wave diffraction problem for cone gratings is considered. Impedance boundary conditions at cone structure are proposed. The problem of electromagnetic wave diffraction on cone gratings with imperfectly conducting strips is studied. Diagrams of electromagnetic field distribution are given
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2

De, Villiers Gerrit Johannes. "In-core temperature measurement for the PBMR using fibre-bragg gratings." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2867.

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Анотація:
Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
The PBMR has called for research into the possibility of distributed in-core temperature measurement. In this thesis, several methods for distributed temperature measurement in high-pressure, -radiation and -temperature environments have been investigated by means of a literature study. The literature study has revealed FBG temperature sensors as the most feasible solution to the temperature measurement challenge. Various parameters affecting the propagation of light in optical fibres and consequently the FBG reflection profile was researched. The differential equations describing FBG structures were solved and implemented in Matlab in order to simulate WDM of a distributed FBG sensing system. Distributed sensing with apodized FBGs written in sapphire optical fibre show the most promise of becoming a solution to the measurement challenge. However, practical testing of sapphire FBGs exposed to the environment in the PBMR core is required. With this long-term goal in mind, a general test platform for FBG temperature sensors was assembled. A heater controller was built for a specialized fibre heating element capable of controlling the temperature of a single FBG up to 1600 C. Temperature measurement using wavelength division multiplexing of apodized FBGs written in silica optical fibre were demonstrated in the test platform with great success. The measured results corresponded very well with the theory. Finally, the implementation of FBGs in the PBMR is discussed and recommendations are made for future work
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3

Gao, Song. "Fabrication of Tapered Dual-core As2Se3-PMMA Fiber and Its Applications." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38697.

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Анотація:
Fiber optical temperature and strain sensors have been extensively investigated for applications in the civil structures to ensure safety and prevent disasters in advance. Most of the demonstrated fiber sensors are based on the silica fibers to form an interferometer by measuring the spectrum wavelength shift caused by the change of the refractive index and fiber length, and the sensitivities, defined as the rate of wavelength shift with respect to temperature or strain, are limited by the small values of thermal-expansion coefficient and thermo-optic effect of the silica materials. To improve the sensitivity, we designed the dual-core As2Se3-PMMA fiber with the PMMA cladding diameter 56.5 times larger than that of the As2Se3 cores, which brings out many interesting sensing applications. Nonlinear devices have a variety of practical applications including parametric amplification, all-optical switching, super-continuum generation, and sensing applications. Tapered chalcogenide-polymer fiber structures composed of an As2Se3 core and a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cladding are a promising platform for nonlinear applications because the As2Se3 core provides high nonlinearity over the near- and mid-infrared spectral ranges for compact nonlinear devices with low power consumption and the PMMA cladding provides high mechanical strength for easy handling. Advanced As2Se3-PMMA fiber structures such as dual-core fibers that support guided propagation of an even mode and an odd mode will open the way for a variety of novel devices in the near- and mid-IR wavelength range. In my work I utilized two As2Se3 fibers and a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) tube for the fabrication of dual-core As2Se3-PMMA tapers and demonstration of the sensing applications and nonlinear optical effects. The thesis mainly consists of three parts: the fabrication process, the sensing applications, and the nonlinear applications in the tapered dual-core As2Se3-PMMA fiber. In the first part, the fabrication process of the tapered dual-core As2Se3-PMMA fiber is introduced. The dual-core As2Se3-PMMA fibers are fabricated using a rod-in-tube method. The images of the setups and fibers in process are listed. In the second part, a theoretical model for temperature and strain measurement and four sensing applications are introduced. Firstly, we demonstrate an approach for high-sensitivity simultaneous temperature and strain measurement in a dual-core As2Se3-PMMA taper with As2Se3 core diameter of 0.55 μm. High measurement sensitivities are observed for both principal polarization axes of the tapered dual-core As2Se3-PMMA fiber with temperature sensitivities of -115 pm/ºC for axis-1, -35.5 pm/ºC for axis-2, and strain sensitivities of -4.21 pm/με for axis-1 and -3.16 pm/με for axis-2. Secondly, the thermal forces in a dual-core As2Se3-PMMA taper are investigated. A temperature-insensitive strain sensor is proposed and demonstrated based on the thermal forces. Finally, two approaches for temperature and strain sensitivity enhancement are investigated. The first approach is by reducing the value of the variation of the difference between phases of the even and odd modes with respect to wavelength (∂ϕd(λ)/∂λ) and increasing thermal-forces in a dual-core As2Se3-PMMA taper with As2Se3 core diameter of 2.5 μm. The value of ∂ϕd(λ)/∂λ decreases with the As2Se3 core diameter and thermal-forces on the As2Se3 cores are enhanced in the fibers with large PMMA cladding, which work together to enhance the measurement sensitivity. The second approach is based on effective group-velocity matching between the even and odd modes of a dual-core As2Se3-PMMA taper on which an antisymmetric long-period grating is inscribed. The variation of the difference between phases of the even and odd modes with respect to wavelength tends to 0 (∂ϕd(λ)/∂λ→0) near the resonance wavelength of the grating due to the effective group-velocity matching between the two modes, and consequently, thermally-induced change of the difference between phases of the two modes ϕd (λ) leads to a large wavelength shift indicating enhancement of the temperature measurement sensitivity. In the third part, I study the nonlinear optical effects in the hybrid fibers. Firstly, I demonstrate modulation instability within the normal-dispersion regime in a dual-core As2Se3-PMMA fiber. Then I review the work about the forward stimulated Brillouin scattering and its sensing applications. The radial and torsional-radial guided acoustic modes of silica fibers and tapered dual-core As2Se3-PMMA fibers are investigated experimentally and the preliminary results are presented.
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4

Xie, Tuqiang. "Development of an opto-fluidic probe for on-line noncontact dimensional inspection and tool condition monitoring in a hazardous manufacturing environment." Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324552.

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5

Greene, Jonathan Andrew. "Photoinduced, refractive-index gratings in germanium-doped two-mode, elliptical-core optical fibers." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040313/.

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6

Tian, Chun. "Investigation of code reconfigurable fibre Bragg gratings for Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) and Optical Packet Switching (OPS) networks." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/70909/.

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Анотація:
This thesis documents my work in the telecommunication system laboratory at the Optoelectronics Research Centre, towards the implementation of code reconfigurable OCDMA and all-optical packet switching nodes based on fibre Bragg grating (FBG) technology. My research work involves characterizing the performance of various gratings, specifically high reflectivity, short chip duration, long code sequences, multiple phase level and tunable superstructured fiber Bragg gratings (SSFBGs), by using the recently proposed Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating technique based on Electro-Absorption Modulator (EAM-FROG). This technology can obtain the complex code profile along the grating, making it a powerful method to understand the thermally-induced code-reconfigurable grating. Efforts have been made to improve the grating design to achieve better system performance. Three different types of FBGs optical encoder/decoder, e.g. conventional discrete phaseshift SSFBGs, code-reconfigurable gratings, and novel continuous phase-shift SSFBGs, have been investigated comparatively, as well as their performance in various optical coding/decoding systems. This thesis also discusses the possibility of reducing multiple access interference (MAI) using a Two-Photon Absorption (TPA) process. The advanced grating devices enable the improvement of system performance. A dynamically reconfigurable optical packet processing system and a 16-channel reconfigurable OCDMA/DWDM system with 50GHz DWDM intervals has been demonstrated. These results highlight the feasibility of FBG-based optical coding/decoding techniques, with improved system flexibility and sustainability.
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7

Teh, Peh Chiong. "Applications of superstructure fibre Bragg gratings for optical code division multiple access and packet switched networks." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/46105/.

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Анотація:
This thesis describes the research on the implementation of all-optical code generation and recognition based on superstructure fibre Bragg grating (SSFBG) for use in Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) systems and also in high-speed all-optical packet switched networks.These results highlight the precision and flexibility of the continuous grating writing process and show that the SSFBG technology represents a promising technology not just for OCDMA but an extended range of other pulse shaping, and associated optical processing applications such as required within optical packet switched networks
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8

Chang, Cheng-Hsien, and 張正憲. "Development of a Fiber Bragg Grating Sensored Cone Penetrometer." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76590440280277147217.

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Анотація:
碩士
國立交通大學
土木工程學系
101
Cone penetrometer is a popular in situ testing method often used to obtain soil parameters. Most of the currently available cone penetrometers are electrical; the test signals can be noisy due to fluctuations of power supply and electromagnetic interferences (EMI). The electrical circuit is subject to short circuit when exposed to moisture. This research intends to take advantage of the unique capabilities of optical fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) that include being immune to short circuit, EMI and able to connect multiple sensors on a single fiber, and develop an FBG sensored seismic-piezo cone penetrometer (SCPTU). The cone tip resistance (qc) and sleeve friction (fs) are respectively measured with four sets of FBG’s that served as strain sensors, and to offset effects of miss-alignment of forces imposed on the cone tip. Behind the cone tip sit an FBG pore pressure sensor and a pair of FBG seismometers. The author conducted laboratory calibration of the newly developed SCPTU, and performed field FBG and electrical SCPTU concurrently at a test site in Guan-Du Plain, Taipei. The thesis describes the design principles of the FBG SCPTU, available laboratory and field test results, evaluates the capabilities of the new SCPTU and provides recommendations for future improvements.
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9

Lee, Yu-Yi, and 李侑頤. "Improvement of an Optic Fiber Bragg Grating Sensored Seismic Piezo-cone Penetrometer." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7vdv87.

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Анотація:
碩士
國立交通大學
土木工程系所
102
Optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has the advantage of being immune to moisture and electromagnetic interference (EMI), multiple sensors sharing a common fiber, and capable of long distance data transmission with limited signal degradation. FBG sensors are durable in applications where the sensors are subject to strong EMI and high water pressure and long distance data transmission. The goal of this research is to improve a previously developed FBG based seismic piezo cone (SCPTU). Major items include the improvement of the miniaturized piezometer, the FBG seismometers and integration of the penetration depth sensor with the data logging system. The modified miniature piezometer showed desirable repeatability. The moment type BG seismometer showed significantly improved sensitivity. With the help of optical coupler, isolator and laser ring amplifier, the strong and stable optical signals can be obtained at high frequencies and when multiple FBG’s are connected to a single optical fiber. The modified FBG SCPTU was tested in the field and its results compared with those from conventional electric SCPTU. Due to limitations of the FBG readout unit, the temperature compensation alone was not sufficient in offsetting errors caused by eccentric bending of the cone. Seismic tests using FBG seismometers were also hampered by the data logging system. The wave spectrum from the FBG seismometers could not be accumulated. However, the FBG seismometers, with their significantly improved sensitivity, were able to detect the shear wave arrival up till the depth of 17 m without signal accumulation.
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10

"Coherent optical code division multiple access based on superstructure fiber bragg grating encoders and decoders." 2003. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891483.

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Анотація:
Li Xin.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-86).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
COHERENT OPTICAL CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS BASED ON SUPERSTRUCTURE FIBER BRAGG GRATING ENCODERS AND DECODERS --- p.1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.2
ABSTRACT --- p.III
摘要 --- p.V
CONTENTS --- p.VI
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.1
Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.3
Chapter 1.1 --- Overview of OCDMA --- p.3
Chapter 1.2 --- Classification of OCDMA Schemes --- p.6
Chapter 1.3 --- Introduction of Coherent OCDMA Schemes --- p.9
Chapter 1.4 --- Introduction of superstructure Fiber Bragg Gratings and Other Encoding and Decoding Components --- p.10
Chapter 1.5 --- Outline of the Thesis --- p.13
Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- COUPLED MODE THEORY AND SUPERSTRUCTURE FIBER BRAGG GRATING SIMULATION MODEL --- p.16
Chapter 2.1 --- Fiber Bragg Grating Model Based on Coupled Mode Theory --- p.16
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Introduction of FBG and the Coupled Mode Theory --- p.16
Chapter 2.1.2 --- FBG Model Based on CMT --- p.18
Chapter 2.1.3 --- FBG Model When there are Phase Discontinuities Between Different Parts --- p.20
Chapter 2.2 --- Properties of Fiber Bragg Gratings --- p.22
Chapter 2.3 --- Simulation Model of superstructure Fiber Bragg Gratings --- p.27
Chapter 2.4 --- Summary --- p.31
Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- COHERENT OCDMA CODING SCHEME BASED ON THE SUPERSTRUCTURE FIBER BRAGG GRATING ENCODER/DECODER --- p.33
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction and Theoretical Derivation of the Coding Scheme --- p.33
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Introduction of the Coding Scheme --- p.33
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Derivation of SSFBG Encoder --- p.34
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Encoding for the SSFBG --- p.39
Chapter 3.2 --- Introduction of the Simulation Model and the Research on It …… --- p.44
Chapter 3.3 --- Summary --- p.47
Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- RESEARCH ON THE SIMULATED COHERENT OCDMA SYSTEM IN IDEAL CASE --- p.48
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction of the ideal case and factors that affect the system performance --- p.48
Chapter 4.2 --- Effects by Refractive Index Modulation of the SSFBG Encoder --- p.49
Chapter 4.3 --- Effects by Code Type --- p.54
Chapter 4.4 --- Effect by the Code Length --- p.57
Chapter 4.5 --- Summary --- p.60
Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- RESEARCH ON THE SIMULATED COHERENT OCDMA SYSTEM IN PRACTICAL ENVIRONMENT --- p.62
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.62
Chapter 5.2 --- Comparison of System Performance in Synchronous and Asynchronous Cases --- p.63
Chapter 5.3 --- Discussion on the System Performance When Users are In Different Power Levels --- p.65
Chapter 5.4 --- Analysis of Channel Noise In the Coherent OCDMA System --- p.68
Chapter 5.5 --- Summary --- p.70
Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK --- p.72
Chapter 6.1 --- Conclusions --- p.72
Chapter 6.2 --- Future Work --- p.75
APPENDIX A PROOF OF SSFBG THEORETICAL MODEL APPROXIMATION --- p.77
"APPENDIX B RANDOM SEQUENCE, M-SEQUENCE AND WALSH SEQUENCE" --- p.80
REFERENCES --- p.81
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Книги з теми "Cone gratings"

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Reynolds, Roger E. Gratian's Decretum and the Code of Justinian in Beneventan script. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1996.

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Частини книг з теми "Cone gratings"

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Elikkottil, Ameen, Kiran Vaddi, K. S. Reddy, and Bala Pesala. "Reduction of Escape Cone Losses in Luminescent Solar Concentrators Using High-Contrast Gratings." In Advances in Energy Research, Vol. 1, 37–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2666-4_5.

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2

Mack, A., K. J. Dörner, U. Kloos, and F. Nüsslin. "Adopting the Shereouse Gratis Dose Calculation Code to Biological Treatment Planning." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 657–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_107.

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3

Higgins, Marc. "Mirrors, Prisms, and Diffraction Gratings: Placing the Optics of the Critical Gaze in Science Education Under Erasure (After the Critique of Critique)." In Unsettling Responsibility in Science Education, 131–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61299-3_4.

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AbstractThe purpose of this chapter is to explore what Foucault refers to as “the” critical attitude and its relationship to science education. Drawing from the insight that the critical attitude is but a critical attitude, the possibility of critique as plural and multiplicative is explored herein; positing that (an) unsettling criticality is not only one which critiques settler colonial logics and practices but also the taken-for-granted ways-of-critiquing which can undergird these very efforts. In turn, the possibility of critique as plural is significant as the mode of critique within the multicultural science education debate (re)produces Indigenous science as yet-to-come. Building on the insight that scientific knowledge-practice is always already situated, the ways in which criticality in science education is always mediated by conceptual apparatuses, whether real or imagined, is considered. In particular, three optical apparatus—the mirror, the prism, and the diffraction grating—are employed to analyse and inform how the critical gaze might be differentially configured within science education to (re)open the space of responsiveness.
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Chen, Lawrence R. "Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Enabled by Fiber Bragg Grating Technology." In Optical Code Division Multiple Access, 111–64. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315221113-4.

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Wilk, Stephen R. "Light—as a Feather." In Sandbows and Black Lights, 40–42. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197518571.003.0009.

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On lists of optics “firsts,” sometimes Scottish scientist James Gregory was the first to use a diffraction grating, in 1673. Instead of making one himself, or having it constructed by others (as Thomas Young or David Rittenhouse later did) he simply used a bird feather, observing the splitting of white light into different colors when it passed through the nearly-indentical and equally-spaced barbs. But is this an accurate statement? How did he come to experiment with feathers, what was he hoping to find, and how well did he understand the phenomena he observed? How should we properly calassigy Gregory’s experiment?
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Chen, Lawrence. "Optical Code-Division Multiple-Access Enabled by Fiber Bragg Grating Technology." In Optical Science and Engineering, 111–64. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420026610.ch4.

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7

Kumar, Rohit, Qiucheng Yu, Domenico Paparo, and Andrea Rubano. "TeraVision: A LabVIEW Software for THz Hyper-Raman Spectroscopy." In LabVIEW - A Flexible Environment for Modeling and Daily Laboratory Use. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96663.

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Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (TDS) has emerged during the last two decades as a very popular technique for characterizing the low-energy excitations of several materials, gaseous, liquids and solids, as well as artificial materials as for instance epitaxial heterostructures and more. In recent years, the advances in THz technology allowed obtaining nonlinear optical effects with THz photons, showing remarkable results. In particular, THz Hyper-Raman Spectroscopy greatly expands the spectroscopic capability of the standard THz-TDS by combining intense and broadband THz pulses with a detailed analysis of the spectral content of the generated signal. It is evident that this improvement needs an adequate software support. The main parameter for coding the software which differs with respect to a standard THz-TDS software is the control of a motorized grating (monochromator), but several routines employed in the setup optimization stage rather than the actual measurement are needed as well. In this paper we present the TeraVision software, based on LabVIEW code, in order to highlight the solutions we adopted to tackle the main experimental challenges as well as to give a pleasant and user-friendly experience to expert users.
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Sandoval Lozano, Sergio Alberto, and William Jesús Rojas Gutiérrez. "La plataforma YouTube como recurso didáctico en el aprendizaje." In Tendencias en la investigación universitaria. Una visión desde Latinoamérica. Volumen XIV, 283–97. Fondo Editorial Universitario Servando Garcés de la Universidad Politécnica Territorial de Falcón Alonso Gamero / Alianza de Investigadores Internacionales S.A.S., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47212/tendencias2021vol.xiv.19.

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La plataforma YouTube es una de la más empleadas e interesante de las redes sociales que en el ámbito del aprendizaje tiene una gran capacidad de propagación del contenido educativo, de la forma más amena, entretenida y didáctica a través de videos documentales de varios tipos, con acceso libre a la comunidad y totalmente gratis. En el marco referencial se describieron los antecedentes de estudio y los teóricos usados fueron Ramírez (2016), Ortiz (2017), Alonzo (2016), Navarro (2016) entre otros. En lo que respecta a la ruta metodológica, la investigación se enmarcó en el enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño experimental, bajo un método de deductivo, con una población conformada por 27 estudiantes, en cuanto a las técnicas de recolección de datos se utilizó la técnica de la observación, la información fue vaciada en la ficha de observación y para la fase experimental se desarrollaron el pretest y post. Los resultados mostraron un efecto positivo significativo en el aprendizaje. Por último, se recomienda el uso de los videos de la plataforma YouTube como recurso didáctico para el aprendizaje en las sesiones de clase en lo conceptual, procedimental y actitudinal.
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"cepts, or sermoned at large, as they vse, then thus clowdily enwrapped in Allegoricall deuises. But such, me seeme, should be satisfide with the vse of these dayes, seeing all things accounted by their showes, and nothing esteemed of, that is not delightfull and pleasing to commune sence. For this cause is Xenophon preferred before Plato, for that the one in the exquisite depth of his iudgement, formed a Commune welth such as it should be, but the other in the person of Cyrus and the Persians fashioned a gouernement such as might best be: So much more profitable and gratious is doctrine by ensample, then by rule. So haue I laboured to doe in the person of Arthure: whome I conceiue after his long education by Timon, to whom he was by Merlin deliuered to be brought vp, so soone as he was borne of the Lady Igrayne, to haue seene in a dream or vision the Faery Queen, with whose excellent beauty rauished, he awaking resolued to seeke her out, and so being by Merlin armed, and by Timon throughly instructed, he went to seeke her forth in Faerye land. In that Faery Queene I meane glory in my generall intention, but in my particular I conceiue the most excellent and glorious person of our soueraine the Queene, and her kingdome in Faery land. And yet in some places els, I doe otherwise shadow her. For considering she beareth two persons, the one of a most royall Queene or Empresse, the other of a most vertuous and beautifull Lady, this latter part in some places I doe expresse in Belphœbe, fashioning her name according to your owne excellent conceipt of Cynthia, (Phœbe and Cynthia being both names of Diana.) So in the person of Prince Arthure I sette forth magnificence in particular, which vertue for that (according to Aristotle and the rest) it is the perfection of all the rest, and conteineth in it them all, therefore in the whole course I mention the deedes of Arthure applyable to that vertue, which I write of in that booke. But of the xii. other vertues, I make xii. other knights the patrones, for the more variety of the history: Of which these three bookes contayn three. The first of the knight of the Redcrosse, in whome I expresse Holynes: The seconde of Sir Guyon, in whome I sette forth Temperaunce: The third of Britomartis a Lady knight, in whome I picture Chastity. But because the beginning of the whole worke seemeth abrupte and as depending vpon other antecedents, it needs that ye know the occasion of these three knights seuerall aduentures. For the Methode of a Poet historical is not such, as of an Historiographer. For an Historiographer discourseth of affayres orderly as they were donne, accounting as well the times as the actions, but a Poet thrusteth into the middest, euen where it most concerneth him, and there recoursing to the thinges forepaste, and diuining of thinges to come,." In Spenser: The Faerie Queene, 738. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315834696-125.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Cone gratings"

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Zhao, Fengmei, Xiangsu Zhang, Shou Liu, and Xuechang Ren. "Characteristic Analysis of Anti-Reflective Subwavelength Cross Gratings Fabricated With Holographic Technique." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37974.

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The paper presents the investigation on anti-reflection property of subwavelength cross-gratings with relief profile close to pyramid or cone. Such gratings are polarization independent and have effective refractive index increasing gradually from the top to the substrate. Theoretical analysis indicates that, to obtain good anti-reflection effect, for normally incident lights in visible band (400 ∼ 700 nm) the grating period should not be larger than 266 nm. Cross gratings with different periods were fabricated using holographic double-exposure method on photoresist. Measurements show that the grating with 255 nm period has higher transmittance compared with the gratings with the periods larger than 266 nm. Measurements also show that larger grating depth results in higher transmittance. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
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He, XingDao, Xuegang Chen, Xiaoling Hu, Qing Wang, Lihua Fang, and Daxiang Yu. "Making circular hologram gratings with equal spacing by cone mirror." In Photonics Asia 2002, edited by Dahsiung Hsu, Jiabi Chen, and Yunlong Sheng. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.481541.

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3

Sauvage-Vincent, Jean, Svetlen Tonchev, Yves Jourlin, and Olivier Parriaux. "Holographic exposure of subwavelength circular gratings using a cone based interferogram." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Hugo Thienpont, Jürgen Mohr, Hans Zappe, and Hirochika Nakajima. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.921863.

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4

Brückner, Jean-Baptiste, Judikaël Le Rouzo, Ludovic Escoubas, François Flory, Jean-Jacques Simon, and Gérard Berginc. "Top-flat and top-patterned cone gratings for mid-infrared antireflective properties." In SPIE OPTO, edited by Bernd Witzigmann, Marek Osinski, Fritz Henneberger, and Yasuhiko Arakawa. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2004299.

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5

Brückner, Jean-Baptiste, Judikael Le Rouzo, Ludovic Escoubas, Gérard Berginc, Olivier Desplats, Cécile Gourgon, and Jean-Jacques Simon. "Flat-topped and top-patterned silicon cone gratings for visible and mid infrared antireflective properties." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2013.ta.3.

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6

"Trans-Jacket Fibre Bragg Gratings for In-Situ Health Monitoring of Defence Platforms in Harsh Environments." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-6.

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Abstract. Packaged optical fibre sensors offer excellent strength and resistance to environmental degradation, but the reported reliability and durability of fibres containing fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) varies greatly. This is partly due to the fabrication methodologies used to create the sensors. The trans-jacket grating inscription technique uses an infrared laser to write gratings into the fibre core through the polymer coating. This method eliminates the need for harsh coating removal processes and exposure of the glass fibre core and thus dramatically reduces fibre damage during grating fabrication. In addition, the automated trans-jacket inscription process introduces greater flexibility to control the writing parameters, facilitating a consistent process for producing robust, fatigue resistant distributed FBG sensing arrays with reliable and repeatable performance that could revolutionise their application in structural health monitoring (SHM). This paper reports on the durability and reliability of Bragg gratings with different fibre geometries, dopants, and photo-sensitising approaches to compare the overall fatigue performance of trans-jacket FBG sensors. Both type I gratings which are inscribed using a laser power intensity below the damage threshold of the glass core, and type II gratings which are inscribed exceeding this threshold, are considered. The fatigue performance of these FBG sensors was assessed using a custom designed electro-dynamically actuated loading assembly. It is concluded that type I trans-jacket gratings have a significantly higher fatigue life compared to type II gratings for the same fatigue loading regime. Despite the lower fatigue life, type II trans-jacket gratings are found to perform significantly better than conventional electrical foil gauges. Therefore, trans-jacket gratings have significant potential for application as dense sensing arrays in harsh operational environments in defence and aerospace industries.
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Kim, Hong-Il, Jae-San Yoon, and Jae-Hung Han. "Effects of Transverse Strains on the Measurement of the Thermal Expansion of the Composite Using FBG Sensors." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3605.

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The effects of the transverse strain on the fiber gratings to the wavelength shift of the FBG (fiber Bragg grating) sensor were investigated. A new FBG model including the strain transmissibility coefficients along the longitudinal and transverse directions was proposed. The finite element method was applied to obtain the strain transmissibility coefficients of the interface between FBG sensor and base structure surface. The wavelength shift of each FBG sensor was calculated for the assumed strain condition of the base structures. Simulated core strains based on both conventional 1-DOF model and the present model were compared. The numerical results showed that the surface strains could be well predicted using the proposed FBG model while the conventional 1-DOF model gave large errors when the transverse strain of the base structure was significant as in composite structures under thermal loadings.
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Westbrook, P. S., K. S. Abedin, T. F. Taunay, M. Fishteyn, T. Kremp, and J. Porque. "A seven core fiber DFB." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgpp.2012.bw3e.4.

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Osório, Jonas H., Ricardo Oliveira, L. Mosquera, Marcos A. R. Franco, Jamshid Heidarialamdarloo, Lúcia Bilro, Rogério N. Nogueira, and Cristiano M. B. Cordeiro. "Surface-core fiber gratings." In International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors (OFS24), edited by Hypolito J. Kalinowski, José Luís Fabris, and Wojtek J. Bock. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2194299.

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Berger, G., M. Dietz, X. Zhang, and C. Denz. "Deterministic non-orthogonal phase-code multiplexing." In Photorefractive Effects, Photosensitivity, Fiber Gratings, Photonic Materials and More. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pr.2007.mb45.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Cone gratings"

1

Chang-Hasnain, Constance, Ming Wu, and Eli Yablonovitch. Ultra-Low Loss, Chip-Based Hollow-Core Waveguide Using High-Contrast Grating. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada554981.

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