Дисертації з теми "Concentric and eccentric load"
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Duhig, Steven J. "Hamstring strain injury: Effects of high speed running, kicking and concentric versus eccentric strength training on injury risk and running recovery." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/110637/1/Steven_Duhig_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLawrence, Michael A. "Effects of elastic resistance on concentric force, concentric power, and eccentric velocity during the bench press." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2010. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1567419.
Повний текст джерелаSchool of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
Gault, Mandy Lucinda. "Adaptations of older adults to concentric and eccentric endurance exercise." Thesis, University of Chichester, 2010. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/813/.
Повний текст джерелаDeighan, Martine Annette. "The development of concentric and eccentric leg and arm strength." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393145.
Повний текст джерелаKellis, Eleftherios. "Muscle activation and joint loading during isokinetic eccentric and concentric exercise." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321116.
Повний текст джерелаKudiarasu, Christine. "Effects of eccentric versus concentric resistance training in adults with Type 2 Diabetes." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2297.
Повний текст джерелаFischer, Stephen Michael. "METABOLIC DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A BOUT OF ECCENTRIC, CONCENTRIC, AND TRADITIONAL RESISTANCE EXERCISE." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1479465117642973.
Повний текст джерелаShaw, I., BS Shaw, JF Cilliers, and DT Goon. "Influence of visual feedback on knee extensor isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque." African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001651.
Повний текст джерелаRazmislevičius, Darius. "Ekscentrinio koncentrinio prieškrūvio poveikis nesportuojančių asmenų vegetacinių sistemų rodikliams didelio intensyvumo darbe." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060516_103637-32433.
Повний текст джерелаRaue, Ulrika. "Effects of concentric vs eccentric resistance training on skeletal muscle adaptations in humans." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221284.
Повний текст джерелаSchool of Physical Education
Chaudhry, Saira. "A biomechanical characterisation of eccentric and concentric loading of the triceps surae complex." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8401.
Повний текст джерелаChoueiri, George H. "An experimental study of natural convection in vertical open-ended concentric and eccentric annuli." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28436.
Повний текст джерелаFranchi, Martino V. "Mechanisms of human skeletal muscle remodeling in response to concentric and eccentric loading paradigms." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2014. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/326244/.
Повний текст джерелаGallagher, James Williams. "Stability of axial flow between concentric and eccentric circular cylinders disturbed asymmetrically and nonlinearly." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/12022.
Повний текст джерелаButz, Travis M. "Tests on pultruded square tubes under eccentric axial load." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21800.
Повний текст джерелаYeo, Chow Chea. "Quantification of eccentric load using accelerometer imbedded in GPS." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1560.
Повний текст джерелаMacMillan, Norah. "Comparison of skeletal muscle adaptations to eccentric versus concentric training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119513.
Повний текст джерелаActuellement, on constate un manque de stratégies de traitements efficaces pour les patientes atteints de maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique (MPOC) sévère. Une méthode de traitement des plus répandues est l'exercice de réadaptation qui possède de nombreux bienfaits tels que l'amélioration de la qualité de vie, l'augmentation de la tolérance à l'effort et une diminution du nombre d'hospitalisations. Cependant, dans les cas les plus sévères plusieurs patients ne sont pas en mesure de faire de l'exercice à une intensité assez forte pour améliorer les anomalies des muscles squelettiques, une caractéristique importante de la MPOC, comme la perte de la masse musculaire, la force musculaire et un changement des proportions des fibres. Récemment, notre groupe de recherche a démontré la faisabilité et la sécurité d'une intervention en entraînement en cycle de musculation excentrique (EXC) dans les cas de MPOC. En effet, l'exercice excentrique permet d'ajouter 4 fois plus de résistance musculaire que l'entraînement en cycle concentrique (CONC) typique, et ce, au même cout métabolique. Par contre, les adaptations des muscles squelettiques au cycle EXC en comparaison à celles au cycle CONC dans les cas de MPOC n'ont pas été documentées dans les publications. Dans cette étude, les patients ont été randomisés en deux groupes, EXC (n=8) ou CONC (n=7) pour dix semaines d'entraînement, 3x par semaine pour 30 minutes pour un même coût métabolique CONC de 60-80% V̇O2max. Les mesures ont été prises avant et après l'entraînement : la composition corporelle, la force musculaire maximale, une biopsie à l'aiguille du vaste latéral pour l'analyse de l'expression protéinique MHC et pour la grandeur de la fibre musculaire. Les résultats ont démontré qu'en comparaison avec l'entraînement CONC, l'entraînement EXC permet une augmentation significative de la masse corporelle maigre accompagnée d'une diminution de la masse corporelle grasse. De plus, nous avons remarqué que l'entraînement EXC a résulté en une augmentation significative de la force musculaire, mais l'entraînement CONC n'a pas résulté en une augmentation significative de la force musculaire. Néanmoins, l'entraînement CONC a résulté en une augmentation plus grand de la grandeur des fibres en moyen et spécifique à fibres qui expresse le protéine MHC type 1. En les deux groupes, il n'y a pas un changement significatif des proportions des fibres après l'entraînement. L'entraînement EXC a résulté en une augmentation plus grande de la composition corporelle et la force musculaire que l'entraînement CONC. L'entraînement EXC est une alternative utile pour éviter la perte de la masse musculaire dans les patients plus sévère a cause de la diminution de la coûte métabolique et l'augmentation de la force musculaire pendant l'entraînement.
Grigg, Nicole Lorraine. "The acute adaptations of normal and pathological human Achilles tendons to eccentric and concentric exercise." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/47048/1/Nicole_Grigg_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHedlund, Mattias. "Biomechanical and neural aspects of eccentric and concentric muscle performance in stroke subjects : Implications for resistance training." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Sjukgymnastik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-55466.
Повний текст джерелаMuskelsvaghet är en av orsakerna till funktionshinder efter stroke. I rehabiliteringsprogram för personer som drabbats av stroke förekommer det numera att styrketräning används i syfte att öka muskelstyrkan. Effekten av styrketräning har dock ofta visat sig vara begränsad. En viktig styrketräningsprincip är att muskulaturen belastas tillräckligt nära maximal styrka under både koncentriska kontraktioner (när man lyfter en vikt) och excentriska kontraktioner (när man kontrollerat sänker en vikt). Ett potentiellt problem skulle kunna vara att personer med stroke inte belastas optimalt under träning på grund av förändrad muskelfunktion. Efter stroke är muskelfunktionen ofta förändrad såtillvida att styrkenedsättningen är mer uttalad under koncentriska kontraktioner. Därutöver har man funnit att styrkenedsättningen är mest uttalad när muskeln är i sitt mest förkortade läge. Detta fenomen har dock inte studerats för alla tre kontraktionstyper, det vill säga excentriska, koncentriska och isometriska kontraktioner, hos personer med stroke. Denna avhandling undersöker sambandet mellan styrka och ledvinkel över armbågsleden hos personer med stroke under alla tre kontraktionstyper – excentrisk, koncentrisk och isometrisk, samt relativ belastning genom rörelsebanan under en styrketräningsövning. Därutöver undersöker denna avhandling också hjärnans aktiveringsmönster under excentriska och koncentriska kontraktioner. Sambandet mellan styrka och ledvinkel undersöktes hos personer med stroke (n = 11), åldersmatchade (n = 11) och unga försökspersoner (n = 11). Jämfört med kontrollgrupperna var maximal styrka för personer med stroke mest nedsatt, samt även den oproportionerligt stora styrkenedsättningen vid kort muskelängd som mest uttalad, under koncentriska kontraktioner. Denna avvikelse var minst uttalad vid excentriska kontraktioner. Vidare studerades hur hög belastningen på muskulaturen var i jämförelse med muskelns maximala styrka under en styrketräningsliknande övning för armbågsflexorer vid en träningsintensitet på 10RM. Den uppmätta belastningen under den koncentriska fasen av styrketräningsövningen, uttryckt som procent av den genomsnittliga koncentriska styrkan, var densamma för alla grupperna. Under den excentriska fasen av övningen var dock belastningen, uttryckt som procent av den maximala excentriska styrkan, signifikant lägre för personer med stroke. Träningsbelastningen utgjorde också en lägre andel av den maximala isometriska styrkan för personer med stroke, både under den koncentriska och under den excentriska fasen. Funktionell magnetresonanstomografi (fMRI) användes för att undersöka hjärnans aktiveringsmönster hos unga försökspersoner (n = 18) och hos individer med stroke (n = 4) när de föreställde sig att de utförde maximal styrketräning för armbågsflexorer (motor imagery). Resultatet visade att primära motorbarken och premotoriska barken var mindre aktiverade när unga friska försökspersonerna föreställde sig utföra maximala excentriska, jämfört med maximala koncentriska kontraktioner. Dessutom var en region i ventrolaterala prefrontala barken, som i tidigare studier visat sig vara inblandat i reglering och hämning av muskelaktivering, mer aktiverade under föreställda excentriska kontraktioner. Detta aktiveringsmönster i den prefrontala barken återfanns dock endast i den icke skadade hjärnhalvan hos personer med stroke. Jämfört med kontrollgrupperna uppvisade försökspersonerna med stroke en förändrad muskelfunktion som bestod av en specifik nedsättning av styrkan under koncentriska kontraktioner samt också ett mer avvikande samband mellan styrka och ledvinkel under koncentriska kontraktioner. Den relativa belastningen under utförandet av en styrketräningsövning med en intensitet på 10RM var på grund av dessa avvikelser lägre för försökspersoner med stroke. Hjärnavbildnings-studierna indikerade att ventrolaterala prefrontala barken verkar vara involverat i ett kortikalt moduleringssystem som reglerar muskel-aktivering olika beroende på kontraktionstyp under maximala kontraktioner. Detta skulle kunna vara en underliggande mekanism bakom den hittills obesvarade frågan varför det är omöjligt att aktivera muskulaturen maximalt under excentriska kontraktioner. En störning av detta moduleringssystem hos personer med stroke verkar också kunna ligga bakom den förändrade regleringen av muskelaktivering som visat sig förekomma hos personer med stroke. Neuromuskulär funktion efter stroke är förändrad i flera avseenden vilket verkar medföra att muskulaturen inte belastas optimalt under konventionell styrketräning. Detta kan vara en delförklaring till varför styrkeökningen som svar på träning ofta är liten hos personer med stroke.
Mayhew, Thomas Philip. "THE EFFECTS OF CONCENTRIC AND ECCENTRIC CONTRACTIONS PERFORMED AT EQUAL POWER LEVELS ON SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBER HYPERTROPHY." VCU Scholars Compass, 1991. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5228.
Повний текст джерелаBalshaw, Thomas G. "Acute neuromuscular, kinetic, and kinematic responses to accentuated eccentric load resistance exercise." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/17174.
Повний текст джерелаYang, Li. "Behaviour of masonry columns of geometric section subjected to eccentric axial load." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.705160.
Повний текст джерелаNiesen-Vertommen, Sherri. "The effect of an eccentric-type exercise versus a concentric-type exercise in the management of chronic Achilles tendonitis." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28144.
Повний текст джерелаEducation, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
ARAUJO, JOSÉ HENRIQUE CARNEIRO DE. "NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS VIA FINITE ELEMENT OF VISCOUS FLOW BETWEEN CONCENTRIC AND ECCENTRIC CYLINDERS WITH ROTATING INNER AND VARIABLE VISCOSITY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1987. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19059@1.
Повний текст джерелаEfetuou-se um estudo numérico do escoamento entre cilindros concêntricos e excêntricos girantes com efeitos de dissipação viscosa presente. Assumiu-se que o cilindro interno estava girando com uma velocidade angular constante e que o externo estava fixo. Assumimos a condição de contorno de não deslizamento para velocidade em ambas as paredes. A temperatura do fluido nas paredes dos cilindros foi assumida constante e seu campo assumimos ser governado por efeitos de convecção e condução, com uma fonte de energia proveniente da dissipação viscosa do escoamento. A viscosidade do fluido foi assumida variável com a temperatura. A discretização espacial foi feita por elementos finitos através de funções de base lineares, mais uma função estabilizadora para velocidade no caso dos cilindros excêntricos. O método das características foi usado no problema excêntrico. Resultados computacionais ilustram a eficiência da técnica adotada.
A computational study of viscous flow between concentric and eccentrically rotating cylinders in presented in which the effect of viscous dissipation is taken into account. The inner cylinder is assumed to be rotating at constant speed with respect to the outer one. We assume a no-alip boundary condition for the velocity on both walls. The temperature of the fluid is assumed to be constant on the cylinders and its distribution is assumed to be governed by both conduction and convection, with a supplementary soure of energy du to the effects of viscous dissipation. The viscosity is assumed to be varies with temperature. The space discretization is based on piecewise linear finite elements, with velocity stabilization in case of the eccentrically cylinders. The method of characteristics is used for time integration in the eccentrically problem. Numerical results illustrate the efficienty of the adopted approach.
Vejarano, Maria Eugenia. "Effect of a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug (Indocin) on selected parameters of muscular function following concentric and eccentric work." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45648.
Повний текст джерелаEvidence from various studies indicates that eccentric contractions produce more post-exercise changes in muscular function than do concentric contractions. Delayed muscular soreness, the pain and tenderness present 1 or 2 days after exercise, is negatively correlated with muscular performance and occurs particularly after eccentric work. The action of an analgesic, anti-inflammatory drug (Indocin) on muscular soreness indicates it may be effective in accelerating recovery of muscle function after eccentric work.
In the study reported herein the effects of Indocin on muscular performance, as evaluated on the Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer, following prolonged concentric and eccentric work, were evaluated in 48 subjects who were randomly assigned to one of four drug groups. Subjects performed a 30 minute step test during which one limb led the stepping movement throughout (concentric contractions) and the contralateral limb trailed throughout (eccentric contractions). The muscular performance parameters of peak torque (PT), torque acceleration energy (TAE) and average power (AVP), evaluated at slow and high velocities, andthe range of motion (ROM) at the knee joint were assessed prior to the step test and at five intervals thereafter. A nonâ significant decrease in PT and TAE at the contraction speed of 60 deg/sec were present in the eccentric limbs, greater reductions evidenced in the placebo group. Non-significant changes occured in the concentric limbs, Non-significant changes in ROM and in muscular function parameters evaluated at 250 deg/sec were observed.
Master of Science
Quinlan, Jonathan. "Structural and mechanical responses to concentric and eccentric functional overloading of the 'Muscle-Tendon Unit' in young and older individuals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49092/.
Повний текст джерелаBernat, Masó Ernest. "Analysis of unreinforced and TRM-strengthened brick masonry walls subjected to eccentric axial load." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/145389.
Повний текст джерелаUn nombre significant d'edificis estan suportats per murs de càrrega d'obra de fàbrica. La preservació d’aquestes estructures que s’utilitzen arreu del món is una alternativa sostenible. No obstant això, hi ha molt poca recerca en relació a la resposta estructural d’aquests elements particulars si es compara amb altres com les estructures porticades d’acer o formigó. Per tant, és necessari un major estudi dels murs de càrrega d’obra de fàbrica com a punt de partida de les actuacions de preservació. Normalment, els murs de càrrega estan subjectes a patrons de càrrega vertical excèntrica, cosa que està relacionada amb la seva resposta estructural complexa. Aquesta resposta es caracteritza pels efectes de flexió de segon ordre degut a l’excentricitat de la càrrega, per la resposta no linear a compressió de l’obra de fàbrica i per la seva, pràcticament negligible, resistència a tracció. Per tant, el reforç d’aquests murs, per tal d’augmentar-ne la seva capacitat resistent is una alternativa de millora interessant per allargar la seva vida útil. En aquesta tesi s’ha dut a terme una campanya experimental. Aquesta ha consistit en centenars d’assaigs de caracterització de les propietats mecàniques dels materials components utilitzats per construir vint-i-nou murs. Nou d’aquests es van reforçar amb Textile Reinforced Mortar, TRM, i els altres vint van ser assajats sense reforç. Tots van ser sotmesos a compressió excèntrica. L’estudi dels murs reforçats ha permès analitzar la influència del tipus de morter de reforç, l’efecte de disposar ancoratges o la dependència de la capacitat resistent en el tipus de malla de fibra utilitzada. S’ha implementat un micromodel simplificat bidimensional (2D) per analitzar els casos estructurals proposats. Aquesta eina numèrica ha estat validada utilitzant les dades de la campanya experimental. Finalment, s’han proposat mètodes analítics per calcular la capacitat portant dels murs sense reforç i dels reforçats amb TRM. De forma semblant, s’han aplicat dos normes actuals, l’Eurocodi-6 i l’ACI-530, als casos d’estudi per tal de comparar-ne els resultats amb els experimentals. Els resultats mostren que el TRM aporta un augment de la capacitat resistent de més del 100% i homogeneïtza la resposta estructural que esdevé més rígida. En relació a les simulacions, el model numèric proposat obté resultats acurats, els quals són millors pels casos de major esveltesa o més excentricitat de la càrrega. Per acabar, els mètodes analítics que es proposen aporten resultats acceptables, els quals s’ajusten millor als experimentals que els obtinguts aplicant les formulacions de les normatives.
Baranauskienė, Neringa. "The residual effect of eccentric concentric prior exercise on pulmonary gas exchange and muscle electrical activity during cycling of different intensity." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20131014_105852-02810.
Повний текст джерелаAtlikta daug tyrimų, kuriais nustatyta, kad neįprasti ekscentriniai koncentriniai fiziniai pratimai sukelia vėluojantį raumenų skausmą (MacIntyre et al., 2001; Dannecker et al., 2005, 2008; Fredsted et al., 2008; Lewis et al., 2012), raumeninių skaidulų pažaidą (Hortobagyi et al., 1998; Stupka et al., 2001; Carlsson et al., 2007), uždegiminių ląstelių išskyrimą į kraują (Stupka et al., 2001; Laaksonen et al., 2006), kraujo plazmos kreatinkinazės aktyvumo padidėjimą (Stupka et al., 2000; Chen et al., 2010; Skurvydas et al., 2010), raumenų jėgos sumažėjimą (Chen et al., 2010; Semmler et al., 2007; Skurvydas et al., 2010) bei aerobinio darbo galingumo sumažėjimą (Black, Dobson, 2012). Minėti funkciniai, sensoriniai, biocheminiai ir struktūriniai pakitimai nepriklausomai vienas nuo kito pasireiškia iš karto po ekscentrinių krūvių ir išlieka iki 7 parų, priklausomai nuo pažaidos dydžio (Clarkson et al., 1992; Skurvydas et al., 2000; Stupka et al., 2000, 2001; MacIntyre, 2001; Totsuka et al., 2002; Nottle, Nosaka, 2007; Tofas et al., 2008; Lewis et al., 2012; Paulsen et al., 2012). Vis dar nėra aišku, koks yra ūminis ir liekamasis ekscentrinio krūvio poveikis kvėpavimo dujų apykaitos rodiklių kaitai įvairaus intensyvumo darbo metu. Nustatyta, kad, praėjus vienai valandai po ekscentrinio koncentrinio krūvio, padidėjo absoliučios VO2 reikšmės vidutinio (Zaičenkovienė, Stasiulis, 2010) ir didelio intensyvumo krūvių metu (Ratkevičius et al., 2006). Praėjus 48 val. po ekscentrinio... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Silal, Sandhya Prakash. "A randomised control trial for the restoration of functional ability in patients post total knee arthroplasty: Eccentric versus concentric cycling ergometry." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30804.
Повний текст джерелаAmeen, Syed Fakhrul. "Strip footing on a sand layer overlying a rigid stratum and subject to inclined eccentric loads." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293221.
Повний текст джерелаBakkum, Amanda. "A randomised control trial for the restoration of functional ability in patients post total knee arthroplasty: a comparison of eccentric versus concentric cycling ergometry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16477.
Повний текст джерелаPurpose: The predominant impairment to function following a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a distinctive reduction in quadriceps muscle strength. It has been suggested that eccentric rehabilitation may be more beneficial than traditional concentric only rehabilitation at improving muscle strength, physical functioning and quality of life in this population. The aim of this study was therefore to determine if an eccentric cycling ergometry rehabilitation intervention (a) was feasible in participant's early after TKA surgery (Study 1), (b) resulted in greater improvements in muscle strength and endurance, as well as muscle activity and muscle volume (Study 2) and, (c)resulted in greater knee functional ability, health related quality of life and physical activity levels (Study 3), when compared to an concentric cycling ergometry rehabilitation intervention. Finally, knee and hip kinematics, ground reaction force and muscle activity was described during the sit-to-stand transfer within this population (Study 4). Methods: Eighteen age- and sex-matched participants', three to nine month's post-TKA were recruited and randomly divided into either an eccentric or concentric cycling rehabilitation intervention. The participants were required to perform three exercise sessions a week, over a period of eight weeks. Isokinetic strength and muscle activity of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles, sit-to-stand motion capture analysis and knee functional ability and health related quality of life questionnaires (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, SF-36Health Survey and Tegner Activity Scale) were assessed pre and post- rehabilitation intervention. Data Analysis: Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance were used to analyse the effects of time and the ECC and CON intervention groups and the group/time interaction for each of the dependent variables. Results: The eccentric rehabilitation intervention was well tolerated with regards to pain levels in participants' as early as three months post-TKA, the peak level of pain perceived per session, never exceeding a "mild" classification. The eccentric intervention resulted in greater power (P= 0.029) and work output (P ≤ 0.001) with a reduced overall heart rate (P= 0.014) ; moderate decreases in biceps femoris (BF) muscle activity (-3.2%) and increases in the lean thigh volume (+807.32) of the uninvolved limb; as well as improvements in the physical fun ctioning (+12.2%) and physical role functioning SF-36 scores (+22.2%) and the level of physical activity (+0.9) (Tegner activity scale). The concentric intervention resulted in decreases in vastus lateralis (VL) muscle activity (-8.17%) and work fatigue (-7.34%) and increases in the lean thigh volume (+677.49) and the hip abduction angle (+ 2.67°) (sit-to-stand) of the involved limb. Conclusion: The eccentric rehabilitation intervention is well tolerated with regards to pain and is characterised by significantly greater power output produced and work performed at significantly lower heart rates. Eccentric cycling ergometry matched in perceived exertion and duration, is associated with greater improvements in physical functioning outcome scores, physical activity level and knee flexion muscle efficiency during concentric contractions, when compared with concentric cycling ergometry. However, knee extensor muscle endurance and efficiency during concentric contractions, as well as muscle volume of the involved limb increased more significantly after concentric training in comparison to eccentric training, Further research is required to establish which training modality is the most feasible and effective in restoring knee function in participant's three months post-TKA.
Lagemann, Frederico. "Estudo da representação numérica do comportamento mecânico de músculos esqueléticos sujeitos à combinação de diferentes tipos de contrações." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131057.
Повний текст джерелаThis work present a striated skeletal muscle numerical characterization subjected to different contractions. From the physiological contraction mechanism of the skeletal muscle tissue the force produced in different kinds of contraction (isometric, concentric and eccentric), and their combination, are presented. The numerical representation of these response was investigated by different authors. From the diverse models found in literature, some were selected to be studied according to their representation capability and the implementation ease in numerical methods for large strains. The models available in literature were implemented and evaluated for different contractions combinations and a parameter identification for experimental results of two isometric contraction and a isometric-eccentric-isometric contraction. None of the proposed models presented satisfactory results. The main deficiency of these models were the incapability of reproducing the loading history dependence, in other words, the contraction combination. In this way, a new material model was proposed and implemented to uniaxial and tridimensional finite element method tests. From these, different contractions sequences evaluated the proposed model representation capabilities. The proposed model present good results to isometric contraction, as well as contraction combination with different stretch, or shortening, level in the same speed. The main contribution of this model is the capability of represent the the response associated to the muscle fatigue and the force gain or loss, experimentally observed.
Jonaitytė, Kristina. "Liekamasis ekscentrinio krūvio poveikis vegetacinių rodiklių kaitai didelio intensyvumo darbe." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050518_090359-23929.
Повний текст джерелаWorcester, Katherine Sara. "EFFECTS OF INERTIAL LOAD ON SAGITTAL PLANE KINEMATICS DURING FLYWHEEL-BASED RESISTANCE TRAINING SQUATS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/khp_etds/57.
Повний текст джерелаDivljak, Gordan. "Acute effect of continuous running or cycling exercise on subsequent strength performance : A Concurrent training study." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4526.
Повний текст джерелаSyfte och frågeställningar Uthållighetsträning kan leda till försämrad styrkeprestation. Syftet med denna forskning var att undersöka de akuta effekterna från cykling eller löpning på efterföljande benstyrka. Hypotesen var att löpning, som omfattar excentriska muskelaktioner, skulle leda till en större försämring av efterföljande styrkeprestation jämfört med cyking, som främst omfattar koncentriska muskelaktioner. Metod För att undersöka om kontinuerlig cykling och löpning påverkade efterföljande benprestation, undersöktes 6 deltagare (5 män, 1 kvinna) i en randomiserad cross-over design. Försökspersonernas karakteristika var ålder (år) 25,5 ± 2,1, längd (cm) 180,5 ± 6,4, vikt (kg) 83 ± 3,4. Försökspersonerna utförde tre experimentella protokoll: styrka (S), vilket bestod av 3 repetitioner av maximal kraftutveckling efterföljt av 3 set till muskulär utmattning på 80% av 1RM i benböj; och löpning (RS) samt cykling (CS) protokoll (40-minuter på 80% av maximal hjärtfrekvens), efterföljt av S protokollet. Data för maximal kraftutveckling och total arbetsvolym samlades in. Resultat Den genomsnittliga maximala effekten som uppnåddes mellan de tre protokollen var: CS = 1639 ± 444 Watt (W), RS = 1633 ± 422W och S = 1565 ± 349W. Inga signifikanta skillnader observerades mellan de tre förhållandena (P=0,817). Högst uppnådda effekten för varje deltagare mellan de tre förhållandena visade ingen skillnad (P=0,619). Totala arbetsvolymen (tidseffekt: P=0,027) visade signifikanta skillnader mellan CS = 2559 kg och S = 3715 kg (P=0,037), och CS och RS = 3345 kg (P=0,037) på grund av lägre vikt lyft vid CS. Slutsats Ingen skillnad observerades mellan de tre förhållandena angående maximal styrkeprestation. Den totala vikt volymen som kunde lyftas var dock lägre när cykling utfördes innan styrketestet. Slutsatsen är därför att cykling, men inte löpning, hindrar maximal träningsprestation vid ett efterföljande styrkepass.
Kosterina, Natalia. "Modelling of muscular force induced by non-isometric contraction." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Strukturmekanik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-95418.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20120525
Mikšta, Audrius. "12–13 metų berniukų raumenų mažų dažnių nuovargis atliekant izometrinius ir ekscentrinius-koncentrinius fizinius pratimus." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060522_125049-48828.
Повний текст джерелаPeterson, Magnus. "Chronic Tennis Elbow : Aspects on Pathogenesis and Treatment in a Soft Tissue Pain Condition." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160051.
Повний текст джерелаEpi-X
Mustafa, Mansoor. "Investigation into Offset Streams for Jet Noise Reduction." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437477139.
Повний текст джерелаGarnier, Yoann. "Influence des modalités de contraction musculaire sur les effets neuroplastiques de l'exercice." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK034/document.
Повний текст джерелаAlong with cardiovascular and neuromuscular changes, mono-articular and locomotor exercises may induced neuroplastic changes from muscles involved, or non-involved, in the exercise. If the effect of exercise intensity or duration on neuroplastic changes has been previously investigated, the effect of the mode of muscle contraction remains unclear. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of the mode of muscle contraction on neuroplastic changes induced a locomotor or a single-joint exercise. The first study showed that the increase in the corticospinal excitability of a non-exercised hand muscle, observed after a walking/ running exercise, was not modulated by the knee extensors mode of muscle contraction. However, a specific modulation of the intracortical networks by the mode of muscle contraction was evidenced using a paired-associative stimulation protocol. Similar findings were made in a second study that investigated corticospinal changes in the knee extensors following a fatiguing single-joint exercise, performed in either a concentric or an eccentric mode of muscle contraction. A third study showed that for a walking/ running exercise performed at the same heart rate in either a inline, a level or a decline condition, the latter condition induced a greater magnitude of neuromuscular fatigue of the knee extensors, with greater contractile impairments. The fourth study reported that only a decline exercise induced an increase in the corticospinal excitability, and a reduction of the cortical inhibition of the knee extensors. Altogether, findings from this thesis suggest that the mode of muscle contraction during an exercise is not, per se, a main factor responsible for neuroplastic changes observed in exercised muscles. Rather, these changes may depend upon the magnitude of neuromuscular fatigue induced, which could depend upon the mode of muscle contraction involved during exercise
Mardock, Michelle Anne. "Muscular Strength Training Modifies Regulation of Bone Remodeling: Inferences From Serum Biomarkers in Young Women." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34631.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Harvey, Travis Willoughby Darryn Scott. "Effects of concentric and eccentric muscle contractions on IL-6 signaling in human skeletal muscle and downstream regulation of HSP-72 gene expression Is IL-6 signaling involved in exercise-induced cytoprotection? /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5284.
Повний текст джерелаAhmadi, Sirous. "Monitoring muscle oxygenation and myoelectric activity after damage-inducing exercise." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2240.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, three experiments were conducted to monitor: (i) muscle oxygenation and electromyographic activity of the biceps brachii after exercise-induced muscle damage (ii) muscle oxygenation after downhill walking-induced muscle damage, and, (iii) muscle oxygenation following a bout of vigorous concentric exercise. Maximal eccentric exercise (EE) of biceps brachii resulted in significantly increased mean resting oxygen saturation and decreased deoxyhaemoglobin. During isometric contractions at 50% and 80% of subjects’ maximum voluntary torque (MVT), oxygen desaturation and resaturation kinetics and volume were significantly decreased after EE, and these declines were significantly prevalent over the following 6 days. Additionally, a significant shift in median frequency intercept (measured by electromyography; EMG) towards lower frequencies was observed during isometric contractions at both 50% and 80% MVT after EE in the exercised arm. After an exhaustive session of downhill walking, another form of EE, resting total haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin decreased. Furthermore, during isometric contractions at 30%, 50% and 80% of MVT, prolonged and significant increases were observed in oxygen desaturation and resaturation kinetics and volumes after ambulatory EE. In contrast to the two EE experiments, concentric contractions did not evoke any prolonged changes in muscle oxygenation. Collectively, the findings of this thesis revealed significant and prolonged changes in muscle oxygenation at rest and during exercise, following sessions of strenuous eccentric exercise. Although not clear, the possible mechanism responsible for the changes in muscle oxygenation after EE could be increased resting muscle oxygen utilization due to probable muscle damage and a subsequent requirement of energy demanding repair processes. Concentric exercise resulted in fatigue, but it did not affect muscle oxygenation. Although a prolonged reduction in EMG median frequency intercept was observed after EE, this was not closely time-associated with the biochemical, anthropometric or functional markers of muscle damage.
Hoessly, Margaret. "The effect of concentric and eccentric muscle action on muscle stiffness at the knee in subjects with spasticity of the quadriceps dissertation submission to Auckland University of Technology for the degree of Master of Health Science, January, 2003." Full thesis. Abstract, 2003. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/HoesslyM.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRosa, Arianna. "Revisione della letteratura sull’efficacia dell’esercizio terapeutico nel trattamento della tendinopatia della cuffia dei rotatori." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21892/.
Повний текст джерелаMuramatsu, Lucio Vitorelli 1985. "O ciclo alongamento encurtamento realizado em alta velocidade aumenta a atividade neuromuscular durante as ações excêntricas." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/274680.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física
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Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar alterações neuromusculares e biomecânicas induzidas por diferentes velocidades de execução durante o ciclo de alongamento-encurtamento (CAE) realizado de forma contínua. Doze homens (25,0 ± 3,0 anos, 1,80 ± 0,05 m, 79,6 ± 8,8 kg e 8,0 ± 3,2% de gordura corporal) e três mulheres (29,0 ± 3,0 anos, 1,60 ± 0,06 m, 61,6 ± 2,1 kg e 17,1 ± 2,5% da gordura corporal) participaram do estudo. Os voluntários realizaram 3 protocolos com distintas velocidades de execução. O controle das velocidades foi realizado pelo tempo destinado à execução de cada CAE (Lento = 4 s, Médio = 2 s e Rápido = 1 s por ciclo). Cada protocolo consistiu de 20 repetições (CAE) com 10% de 1RM e 5 min de intervalo, realizados no exercício de extensão do joelho. Velocidade angular, aceleração angular, torque e eletromiografia de superfície (EMG) dos músculos vasto lateral, vasto medial e reto femoral foram acessadas. A execução do CAE em altas velocidades requer alta desaceleração no final das ações excêntricas (EXC) e alta aceleração no início das ações concêntricas (CON), aumentando assim o torque e a atividade EMG nesses momentos. Durante o protocolo Rápido, a atividade EMG da EXC foi maior que a CON. A maior produção de torque e atividade EMG no final da EXC potencializa o início da CON, diminuindo a atividade EMG nessa fase do movimento. Portanto, o CAE realizado com altas velocidades de execução (~160°/s) aumenta a eficiência neuromuscular no começo da CON, induzindo maior atividade EMG durante a ação EXC em comparação com a CON
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuromuscular and biomechanical changes induced by different speed-controlled stretch-shortening cycles (SSCs). Twelve men (24.8 ± 2.9 years, 1.80 ± 0.05 m, 79.6 ± 8.8 kg, and 8.0 ± 3.2% of body fat) and three women (29.0 ± 3.6 years, 1.60 ± 0.06 m, 61.6 ± 2.1 kg and 17.1 ± 2.5% of body fat) participated in the study. The three different speed-controlled SSCs (Slow = 4 s, Medium = 2 s and Fast = 1 s per cycle), were performed on the knee extension machine, consisting of 20 repetitions (SSCs) with 10% of 1RM and 5 min rest. Angular velocity and acceleration, torque and Surface EMG of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris muscles were recorded. During the Fast, EMGRMS of the eccentric (ECC) phase was higher than in the concentric (CON). The acceleration, torque and EMG activity increased in the later phase of the ECC and in the early phase of the CON. Higher torque production and EMG activity in the later part of ECC potentiates the early phase of CON, decreasing EMG activity of these action. Therefore, fast SSCs (160°/s) increases neuromuscular efficiency of CON and induces higher EMG activity in ECC compared to CON
Mestrado
Biodinamica do Movimento e Esporte
Mestre em Educação Física
Ferreira, Jean de Paula. "Redução do torque concêntrico e isométrico de joelho e tornozelo em indivíduos diabéticos não é dependente da presença de polineuropatia." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8277.
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Contextualization: The Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an epidemic disease in the world and stay associated with right index of morbidity and mortality and about 90% of cases of DM are type 2 (DM2). DM2 develop by inflammatory mechanisms carrying the insulin resistance and consecutively blond hyperglycemia. Believes that in chronic stages the diabetes causes musculoskeletal dysfunctions can be related to inflammatory and metabolic alterations of the DM2 or with diabetic polyneuropathy. Some studies identified the musculoskeletal alteration in diabetic subjects. However not is clearly if the polyneuropathy cause muscle alteration proportionality sensitive alterations. Also weren’t observed studies that analyzed the torque in subjects with DM2, considering others factors that could influence the muscle torque production and also not were observed studies analyzing the torque in diabetic subjects during different types of contractions (concentric, eccentric and isometric). Objectives: The aim of the present study were analyze the torque at concentric eccentric and isometric muscle contractions in diabetic subject with and without polyneuropathy comparing with a control groups. Methods: The peak torques of flexion and extension were acquired using an isokinetic dynamometer, in sitting position. During concentric and eccentric contractions, the joint speed was set at 60°/s. Five maximal voluntary contractions were acquired for concentric and eccentric and 2 for isometric, with a rest interval of 1.5 minutes. The sequence of the tests was randomized and verbal and visual feedback were standardized and delivered to all subjects by the same person. Three groups of adult males were selected for this study (1) Control group (healthy non-diabetic patients, n=33), (2) Diabetic group (patients with diabetes mellitus without polyneuropathy, n=31), (3) Neuropathic group (patients with diabetic polyneuropathy, n=28). The Neuropathic group was defined according to a fuzzy model of signs and symptoms. Differences between groups were calculated with one way ANOVA for parametric knee variables (α of 5%) and Mann Whitney and Willcoxon for non-parametric ankle variables (adjusted α of 1.6%). To describe effect sizes, Hedges’ g was calculated. Results: Irrespective of polyneuropathy, both diabetic groups presented lower peak torques of knee and ankle, both for isometric contraction and for concentric flexion and extension. Other factors beside the polyneuropathy and early in the diabetes onset, may be influencing in the muscle strength production. The eccentric contraction was not different between any groups.
Contextualização: A Diabetes Mellitus (DM) se tornou uma doença epidêmica em todo mundo, e também está associada a altos índices de morbidade e mortalidade. Cerca de 90% dos casos são de DM do tipo 2, que desenvolve por meio de mecanismos inflamatórios que levam à resistência à insulina e consecutivamente à hiperglicemia sanguínea. Acredita-se que em estágios avançados a DM2 cause disfunções musculoesqueléticas, que podem estar relacionadas às alterações inflamatórias e metabólicas dessa doença ou à polineuropatia diabética (PND). Alguns estudos já identificaram alterações musculoesqueléticas em diabéticos. No entanto, ainda não está claro, se a polineuropatia acomete o sistema musculoesquelético, na mesma proporção que o sistema sensorial é acometido. Também não se observa na literatura, estudos que tenham analisado o torque de DM2, considerando outros fatores que podem influenciar a produção de torque e estudos que tenham analisado o torque nos três tipos de contrações (concêntrica, excêntrica e isométrica). Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o torque nas contrações concêntrica, excêntrica e isométrica em indivíduos com DM2, com e sem polineuropatia, comparados a um grupo controle sem DM. Métodos: Foram analisados três grupos de homens adultos (total 92), similares na distribuição de sexo, idade e características antropométricas: Controles não diabéticos (n=33); DM2 (n=31); PND (n=28). A PND foi avaliada por meio de um modelo Fuzzy. O pico de torque nas contrações concêntrica, excêntrica e isométrica foi avaliado com um dinamômetro isocinético de cadeira durante a flexão e extensão do joelho e dorsiflexão e flexão plantar do tornozelo. As diferenças entre os grupos foram calculadas com ANOVA one way, para as variáveis paramétricas de joelho (α of 5%) e Mann Whitney e Willcoxon para dados não paramétricos das variáveis do tornozelo (α ajustado de 1.6%). O tamanho de efeito foi calculado usando Hedges’ g. Resultados: Independente da polineuropatia, ambos os grupos diabéticos apresentaram menor torque concêntrico e isométrico de joelho e tornozelo, comparados aos Controles, mas sem diferença entre si. Para o torque excêntrico não houve diferença entre os três grupos em todos os movimentos e articulações avaliadas. Conclusão: A diminuição do torque concêntrico e isométrico em DM2 ocorre mesmo antes da instalação da PND, em tornozelo e joelho, enquanto o torque excêntrico permanece preservado nesses movimentos em diabéticos, independentemente da PND. Observa-se acometimento proximal e distal, com tamanhos de efeito maiores para os movimentos do joelho.
Spiteri, Tania. "Neuromuscular and biomechanical characteristics of change of direction and agility performance." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1662.
Повний текст джерелаPotts, Geoffrey. "Biomechanic analysis of 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' exercise used in the rehabilitation of achilles tendinosis a dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Health Science, Auckland University of Technology, January 2005." Full thesis. Abstract, 2005. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/PottsG.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаJohnson, Shelley. "Biomechanical analysis of a 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' rehabilitation exercise in persons with Achilles tendinosis a dissertation submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Science (MHSc), 2008 /." Click here to access this resource online Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/handle/10292/536.
Повний текст джерела