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Статті в журналах з теми "Composti organici persistenti"
Barcauskaitė, Karolina. "Gas chromatographic analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in compost samples from different origin." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 5 (February 17, 2019): 556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19828156.
Повний текст джерелаMarsh, Lurline, Corrie Cotton, Elizabeth Philip, Salina Parveen, and Fawzy Hashem. "(300) Safety and Productivity of Cool-season Salad Greens Grown in Soils Amended with Composts." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1023C—1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1023c.
Повний текст джерелаHeckman, Katherine, Dorisel Torres, Christopher Swanston, and Johannes Lehmann. "Carbon and nitrogen molecular composition of soil organic matter fractions resistant to oxidation." Soil Research 55, no. 8 (2017): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr16182.
Повний текст джерелаBünemann, E. K., G. D. Schwenke, and L. Van Zwieten. "Impact of agricultural inputs on soil organisms—a review." Soil Research 44, no. 4 (2006): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05125.
Повний текст джерелаScott, Andrew, Yuan-Ching Tien, Craig F. Drury, W. Daniel Reynolds, and Edward Topp. "Enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes in soil receiving composts derived from swine manure, yard wastes, or food wastes, and evidence for multiyear persistence of swine Clostridium spp." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64, no. 3 (March 2018): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0642.
Повний текст джерелаMentag, Rachid, Isabelle Duchesne, and Jacques-André Rioux. "Leaching and Persistence of Oxidiazon in Several Organic-based Substrates." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 818F—818. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.818f.
Повний текст джерелаLü, Xing Dong, Xiao Hua Liu, and Guo Sheng Gai. "Study of Organic Modification for SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ Phosphors." Advanced Materials Research 58 (October 2008): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.58.169.
Повний текст джерелаFarrick, Kegan K., Zakiya Akweli, and Mark N. Wuddivira. "Influence of manure, compost additions and temperature on the water repellency of tropical soils." Soil Research 56, no. 7 (2018): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr17303.
Повний текст джерелаSumekar, Yayan, Denny Kurniadie, Dedi Widayat, and Anni Yuniarti. "Effectiveness and Persistence of Metsulfuron-Methyl Herbicide in Rice Fields with Compost Organic Materials." Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 20, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 609–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2021.609.619.
Повний текст джерелаUrra, Alkorta, and Garbisu. "Potential Benefits and Risks for Soil Health Derived From the Use of Organic Amendments in Agriculture." Agronomy 9, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9090542.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Composti organici persistenti"
Brunello, Mirco <1986>. "Studio della contaminazione chimica della Laguna di Thi Nai (Vietnam Centrale) mediante analisi di composti organici persistenti (POPs) in campioni di sedimento." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1929.
Повний текст джерелаCapriglia, Lorenzo. "Studi sul bioaccumulo di microinquinanti organici ed inorganici tramite Mytilus galloprovincialis in prossimità di un sito costiero contaminato." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3165.
Повний текст джерелаDurante i tre anni di dottorato sono stati sviluppati degli strumenti utili a definire e ad interpretare il quadro ambientale associato alla presenza sul territorio di sorgenti secondarie non puntiformi come i siti inquinati ubicati sulla linea di costa. A tal fine sono stati ottimizzati e validati 2 metodi veloci e precisi per la determinazione rispettivamente di 51 PCB e 13 pesticidi organoclorurati sui mitili umidi e 12 pesticidi organoclorurati sui mitili liofilizzati. Inoltre sono stati sviluppati degli schemi interpretativi da applicare a risultati sperimentali mediante approfondimenti sugli aspetti fisiologici dei mitili, in termini di ciclo iproduttivo, abitudini alimentari e sistemi enzimatici. Lo studio si è basato su un sito contaminato reale, denominato Acquario, ubicato presso la costa muggesana del Golfo di Trieste; la contaminazione è stata provocata dalla realizzazione di un terrapieno di colmata di circa 28.000 m2, ideato per uno stabilimento balneare; l’imbonimento, eseguito con del terreno inquinato, ha provocato la contaminazione delle acque di falda e del sedimento limitrofo. L’attività di mitilicoltura prospiciente il sito stesso, aggrava la già complessa situazione, introducendo la delicata variabile alimentare/sanitaria nella definizione di un quadro ambientale. In convenzione con l’amministrazione comunale competente, è stato pianificato un monitoraggio per valutare il bioaccumulo su mitili di contaminanti eventualmente rilasciati dal sito inquinato fronte mare. La strategia di monitoraggio è strutturata nei seguenti punti: - Innesto di mitili “puliti” - Campionamento mensile dei mitili - Pulizia, apertura e omogeneizzazione dei campioni - Conservazione in congelatore dei campioni - Analisi per la valutazione del bioaccumulo - Interpretazione dei dati ottenuti Il monitoraggio ha coperto un periodo di 15 mesi. I 2 punti in cui sono collocate le reste hanno le seguenti coordinate: Punto A: 2421130 5051578 (13°43,916’ E, 45°36,631’ N) Punto B: 2420518 5051182 (13° 43,450’ E, 45°36,412’N) I campionamenti mensili sono stati effettuati con la collaborazione del personale del Servizio Territoriale del Dipartimento Provinciale di Trieste dell’ARPA FVG. Inizialmente, il monitoraggio è stato pianificato sui contaminanti massicciamente presenti nel terrapieno, quali IPA (Idrocarburi Policiclici Aromatici) e metalli pesanti (piombo e mercurio). Successivamente ci siamo concentrati anche su altri contaminati organici quali i PCB (PoliCloroBifenili) e pesticidi organoclorurati. Le analisi di tredici IPA (fluorene, fenantrene, antracene, fluorantene, pirene, benzo[a]antracene, crisene, benzo[b]fluorantene, benzo[k]fluorantene, benzo[a]pirene, dibenzo[a,h]antracene, benzo[g,h,i]perilene e indeno[1,2,3-cd]pirene) sono state effettuate previa estrazione dai mitili con il sistema microsoxhlet, mediante HPLC con rivelatore fluorimetrico. Le analisi di PCB e pesticidi organoclorurati sono state condotte mediante una metodica rapida messa a punto durante la tesi, senza pretrattamento spinto del campione, solvent free e completamente automatizzata tramite la tecnica HS-SPME (Head Space-Solid Phase MicroExtraction) associata alla gas cromatografia con spettrometria di massa. L’analisi impiegata è definita dalle operazioni di seguito descritte: in una vial vengono aggiunti 1 g di mitili freschi con 3 g (NH4)2SO4 e 5 ml di una soluzione al 5% di H2SO4. La vial così preparata viene incubata per 15 minuti sotto agitazione continua alla temperatura di 105°C. In seguito la fibra SPME viene esposta per 40 minuti nello spazio di testa, per consentire l’adsorbimento dei composti in fase vapore; tale operazione viene effettuata sempre a 105°C. La fibra SPME, in copolimero polidimetilsilossano/divinilbenzene (PDMS/DVB) con uno spessore di 65 μm, viene in seguito desorbita termicamente nell’iniettore del gas-cromatografo alla temperatura di 270°C per “liberare” le sostanze e consentire l’analisi cromatografica. L’analisi è completamente automatizzata grazie al sistema GC/MS Agilent (6890/5973) con autocampionatore per SPME Gerstel. Le tarature sono state effettuate mediante l’applicazione di uno spike (o fortificazione). Dodici dei 51 PCB analizzati sono diossina simili; le concentrazioni di tali PCB sono state convertite mediante opportuni fattori di tossicità equivalente (TEF) in equivalenti di tossicità di diossina (TEQ), per confrontare il dato ottenuto con il limite previsto dalla normativa vigente. I pesticidi determinati con la presente analisi sono i seguenti: l’esaclorobenzene, l’eptacloro epossido, l’aldrin, l’endrin, il dieldrin, gli isomeri alfa e gamma del clordano, gli isomeri e metaboliti del DDT (o,p’ DDE, p,p’ DDE, o,p’ DDD, p,p’ DDD, o,p’ DDT, p,p’ DDT). Inoltre è stata messa a punto un’altra analisi sempre in modalità SPME sui seguenti pesticidi organoclorurati: eptacloro epossido, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, gli isomeri alfa e gamma del clordano e gli isomeri e metaboliti del DDT (o,p’ DDE, p,p’ DDE, o,p’ DDD, p,p’ DDD, o,p’ DDT, p,p’ DDT). L’ottimizzazione ha coinvolto i seguenti parametri: tipo di attacco, temperatura di incubazione/estrazione, tempo di estrazione, tipologia di fibra SPME. La metodica messa a punto è costituita dai seguenti punti: in una vial vengono aggiunti 0,1 g di mitili liofilizzati con 1 g di acetato di sodio e 8 ml di acqua. La vial così preparata viene incubata per 15 minuti, sotto agitazione continua alla temperatura di 130°C. In seguito, la fibra SPME viene esposta per 40 minuti nello spazio di testa, per consentire l’adsorbimento dei composti in fase vapore; tale operazione viene effettuata sempre a 130°C. La fibra SPME, in (PDMS/DVB), viene in seguito desorbita termicamente nell’iniettore del gas-cromatografo alla temperatura di 270°C. Le analisi relative al piombo sono state condotte previa mineralizzazione su 5 g di mitili con 25 ml di acido nitrico seguiti da 5 ml di acido perclorico. La mineralizzazione viene effettuata applicando una rampa di temperatura che mantiene il sistema a 110°C per 1 ora e, in seguito, a 130°C per 2 ore. L’analisi strumentale viene eseguita con il sistema Perkin Elmer 800, cioè assorbimento atomico (AAS)/fornetto di grafite. Per quanto concerne il mercurio, la mineralizzazione viene effettuata a caldo per 30 minuti a riflusso (per evitare perdite del mercurio volatile) con 10 ml di miscela solfonitrica 1÷1. L’analisi strumentale viene successivamente condotta con il sistema a vapori freddi di idruri con AAS (3100 PE). I risultati ottenuti non hanno evidenziato degli sforamenti ai limiti di legge previsti per i mitili quale alimento per benzo[a]pirene, PCB “diossina simili”, piombo, mercurio (regolamento 1881/2006) e pesticidi organoclorurati (D.M. 27/08/2004). I risultati sono di seguito riassunti - i pesticidi organoclorurati analizzati sono sotto i rispettivi limiti di rilevabilità. - il mercurio non presenta bioaccumulo, oscillando su valori che normalmente vengono riscontrati nei mitili del golfo di Trieste. - i valori di piombo presentano una situazione di modesto, ma graduale bioaccumulo - dai dati preliminari dei PCB si evince uno scarso bioaccumulo indice, comunque, della presenza di tali composti nel golfo. - per quanto concerne gli IPA totali, si può evidenziare un bioaccumulo, pur a valori inferiori alle soglie di criticità, soprattutto in certi mesi dell’anno. Tale bioaccumulo, infatti, non si presenta come un aumento costante, ma varia, in prima analisi, con un andamento non prospettato all’inizio di tale studio di monitoraggio. Il bioaccumulo è soprattutto a carico degli IPA più leggeri. - L’eventuale rilascio di contaminanti dal sito inquinato, inteso come sistema terreno/falda/sedimenti quale sorgente secondaria di emissione, sebbene non abbia compromesso la qualità del prodotto ittico durante il periodo di studio, ne ha caratterizzato il profilo dei contaminanti. Questa considerazione è evidente soprattutto per gli IPA, il cui profilo, sbilanciato verso la frazione più pesante, è influenzato dalla distribuzione di tali contaminanti in sedimenti, terreni e falde. In seguito a queste prime conclusioni, abbiamo valutato l’attività di monitoraggio su scala mensile, visualizzando gli andamenti mese per mese per il bioaccumulo degli analiti. Gli andamenti mensili di PCB e, soprattutto, di IPA non evidenziano un progressivo bioaccumulo, ma sono caratterizzati dalla presenza di minimi e massimi assoluti e relativi. Per le due classi di composti organici i massimi sono individuabili nel periodo estivo (che si protrae fino ad ottobre ‘06) e nel periodo gennaio-febbraio ‘07, mentre i minimi sono identificabili nei periodi primaverili ‘06-‘07 e nel periodo novembre-dicembre ’06. L’andamento del piombo,invece, nonostante alcune oscillazioni, è contrassegnato da un graduale, ma modesto bioaccumulo. Il mercurio non presenta bioaccumulo, mentre le concentrazioni dei pesticidi analizzati sono inferiori ai rispettivi LOD. La ciclicità nel trattenere e rilasciare soprattutto i contaminanti organici trova conferme in letteratura scientifica. Si è intrapreso, quindi, un percorso interpratativo che, mediante approfondimenti relativi alla biochimica e alla fisiologia dei mitili, ha fatto luce sulle possibili cause di tale ciclicità, come le abitudini alimentari che variano durante l’anno, e il sistema enzimatico, dal carattere stagionale, che può detossificare i livelli di contaminazione accumulati. Il tutto sembra correlato con l’andamento del ciclo riproduttivo, il quale ha una nota cadenza stagionale. Sulla base di queste considerazioni viene proposto uno schema che semplifica il complicato quadro generale e che giustifica l’andamento di massimi e minimi ottenuto nella campagna di monitoraggio.
XXI Ciclo
1979
Gasull, Panadès Magda. "Anàlisi de la contaminació de la població general per compostos tòxics persistents i d’alguns dels seus efectes adversos per a la salut." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669588.
Повний текст джерелаThe main aims of the research are to analyse the contamination of the general population by persistent toxic pollutants (PTS), as well as to study the relation between body concentrations of such compounds and some their possible adverse health effects. The thesis provides data and knowledge about the contamination by PTS of the general population of Catalonia and of the city of Barcelona. On one hand, it is based on a sample of participants of the Catalan Health Interview Survey, and in the other, on a sample of participants of the Barcelona Health Survey; these are two out of the three only studies on PTS in Spain linked to health or nutritional surveys and with representative data of the general population. New ways to present and analyse the results of this type of studies are applied in the thesis through population distribution curves and indicators such as the ‘number of compounds detected at high concentrations’, which is also computed in this thesis for the available data of the United States’ health survey (the so called NHANES). This survey periodically collets a wide quantity of environmental biomonitoring data representative of the general population of the United States. The thesis also analyses the relationships between serum concentrations of PTS and self-rated health, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and unhealthy metabolic phenotypes in overweight and obese individuals and, for the first time, in normal weight subjects. Moreover, markers not much used in this context, such as C-reactive protein, are considered. Findings suggest new hypotheses to be analysed in prospective longitudinal studies considering also other contaminants and relevant factors. The knowledge provided can be used when assessing the impact and effects of the population contamination by PTS, and also when assessing the impact of the public and private polices aimed to reduce such contamination.
Tran, Dao. "Identifying risks associated with organic soil amendments: microbial contamination in compost and manure amendments." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27364.
Повний текст джерелаAlmeida, Fernanda Vasconcelos de. "Bases tecnico-cientificas para o desenvolvimento de criterios de qualidade de sedimentos referentes a compostos organicos persistentes." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249634.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T15:24:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Almeida_FernandaVasconcelosde_D.pdf: 8426231 bytes, checksum: 17944c303d9e591ebd8ddb52b14b4066 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003
Doutorado
Sawka, Corinne. "Contamination des logements français en composés organiques semi-volatils en phase particulaire." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1B033/document.
Повний текст джерелаSemi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) refer to a broad spectrum of molecules from different chemical families that have numerous properties. They can be used as pesticides, plasticizers, flame retardants, surfactants, lubricants, etc. Consequently, they are introduced in numerous applications in buildings or used daily by the entire population. Once emitted through evaporation or abrasion in the indoor environment or introduced from the outdoors, their chemical or biological degradation is limited, and they persist indoors. This persistence also explains why some SVOCs that were banned a few years ago are still detected in the air and dust inside buildings. In indoor environments, SVOCs are divided between the gas phase, airborne particles, and dust settled on floors and surfaces. SVOCs are of concern due to their established or suspected health effects and their widespread exposure through different environmental media and pathways. The objective of the thesis was to study the concentrations of 66 SVOCs on airborne particles (PM10) and 48 SVOCs in settled dust in two samples of dwellings randomly selected across France. PM10 were sampled during the nationwide housing survey carried out by the French Observatory of indoor air quality in 2003-2005. The dust samples were collected from vacuum cleaner bags during a nationwide survey carried out in French dwellings where at least one child aged 6 months to 6 years lived (2008-2009). The SVOCs to be analyzed had prior been selected using a ranking method based on their toxicity and indoor concentrations. The data analysis focused in particular on the identification of French specificities in terms of detected molecules and measured concentrations. It highlighted some determinants of exposure, e.g., influence of particle size, type of dust collected, dust bioaccessibility, which are not always considered and limit the comparability of results. The measured concentrations were also used to assess the health ranking implemented prior to this work and to confirm its relevance. The concentrations measured both in the air and in settled dust were compared to study the similarities in terms of concentrations and SVOC mixtures. Finally, the exposure doses to SVOCs were calculated for both a child and an adult to assess the respective contributions of inhalation and ingestion to these compounds in particulate phase in dwellings
Torres, Ronaldo José. "Efeitos da dragagem sobre a qualidade de sedimentos contaminados do canal do porto de Santos : biodisponibilidade e toxicidade de metais e compostos orgânicos persistentes." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6128.
Повний текст джерелаFinanciadora de Estudos e Projetos
Contaminated sediments is a worldwide problem, and mobilization of contaminants is one of the most critical issue in environmental risk assessment when dredging projects are concerned. Considering this, we decided to investigate if and how toxic metals and persistent organic compounds such as PAH and PCB are mobilized during dredging operations in the Port of Santos channel (São Paulo State, SE Brazil) in an attempt to assess changes in bioavailability and toxicity of those contaminants. Samples were collected in the dredging site before dredging, in the dredge s hopper (suction hopper dredge) and in the disposal site and its surroundings. Metals and persistent organic compounds were extracted from sediment samples according to USEPA methods for environmental samples. Ecotoxicological assessment was done on bulk sediment samples and in its pore water and elutriate. Results have shown that bulk sediments from the dredging sites are moderately contaminated with As, Pb and Zn and most severely with Hg, as well as had relatively high PCBs and PAHs concentrations (0,8 mg kg-1 for total Hg and 470 μg kg-1 for total PAHs, for example). These results have also shown a 50% increase in the total PAHs concentration in total suspended solids of the water samples collected inside of the dredge s hopper (679 μg kg-1 total PAHs on the total suspended solids against 479 μg kg-1 on bulk sediments from the channel collected on Alemoa terminal). This finding is of great concern as these data refer to the dredge overflow water which is pumped back to the ecosystem during dredging operations. Toxicity tests done with bulk sediment using the amphipod Tiburonella viscana did not show any toxicity, but the tests with the larvae of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus showed toxicity to the interstitial waters and elutriates of samples collected in the channel (dredging site), disposal site (sea site) and dredge´s hopper. In this study we also compared the obtained results to the widely used sediment quality guidelines (ERL and ERM), and to a sediment quality assessment scheme (based on various lines of evidence), as well as, to the Brazilian National Council for the Environment resolution called CONAMA 344/04. It can be seen in the results obtained in microcosm experiments (laboratory) that some organic compounds, mainly fluoranthene and pyrene, can be released from the sediments to the water. Such release was detected in the analysis of these compounds adsorbed in semi-permeable membranes (SPMDs) used in these tests. We hope that the results of this study will be used in the future to support a better planning of management strategies in dredging operations and sediment disposal in marine environment in Brazil.
Este trabalho visa avaliar os impactos causados pelas atividades de dragagem sobre a qualidade dos sedimentos do canal do Porto de Santos, priorizando o levantamento de dados tendo em vista o entendimento das alterações da partição, biodisponibilidade e toxicidade de contaminantes decorrentes destas atividades. Esta avaliação foi realizada através da determinação da concentração de contaminantes químicos (nutrientes, metais e compostos orgânicos xenobióticos) dos sedimentos (fração fracamente ligada), de suas águas intersticiais e elutriatos, e também, através de uma avaliação ecotoxicológica. As amostras foram coletadas nos sítios de dragagem (previamente à mesma) em cinco pontos do canal (dois próximos ao Terminal da Alemoa, dois no Terminal de Conteineres e um em frente ao Armazém 23), na draga após a dragagem (no interior da cisterna) e no sítio de disposição (antes e após a abertura da cisterna do navio). Os metais e os compostos orgânicos foram extraídos de acordo com os métodos da USEPA com extração por ácido nítrico e peróxido de hidrogênio para metais e ácido nítrico, sulfúrico e permanganato de potássio para mercúrio e com mistura hexano/acetona em ultra-som para compostos orgânicos. Os metais são determinados por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica e os compostos orgânicos são determinados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados a diferentes valores-guia de qualidade de sedimentos e aos critérios numéricos para a avaliação e classificação da qualidade de sedimentos a serem dragados que constam da Resolução CONAMA Nº 344/04. A partir dos resultados alcançados, foi possível constatar a contaminação do sítio de estudo por compostos orgânicos (como PAH e n-alcanos) e por metais (como Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn) e pelo semimetal As em níveis moderados e uma contaminação mais acentuada por Hg. As concentrações dos sedimentos do terminal da Alemoa estiveram na ordem de 470 μg kg-1 para PAH totais e 0,8 mg kg-1 para Hg total, sendo que este último violou os níveis 1 e 2 da Resolução CONAMA Nº 344/04. Nos testes de toxicidade, embora nos testes realizados com anfípodos (Tiburonella viscana), o sedimento integral em si não tenha se mostrado tóxico, suas águas intersticiais e elutriatos mostraram-se tóxicas nos testes realizados com larvas de ouriços (Lytechinus variegatus). Pôde-se, também, observar que o material particulado suspenso, coletado no interior da cisterna da draga, apresenta uma concentração maior destes elementos comparando-se ao sedimento original (679 μg kg-1 de PAH totais nos sólidos totais suspensos contra 479 μg kg-1 nos sedimentos do canal coletados no terminal da Alemoa) e, como durante a dragagem este material retorna ao ambiente através do overflow (eliminação da água excedente da cisterna da draga), é de se esperar um impacto negativo causado pelo retorno desses particulados e contaminantes ao ambiente. A partir dos experimentos de microcosmos desenvolvidos, pôde-se constatar que alguns compostos orgânicos, em especial fluoranteno e pireno, são liberados do sedimento para a coluna d'água, fato constatado pelo aumento da concentração desses compostos adsorvidos nas membranas semi-permeáveis (SPMDs) empregadas para tal fim, técnica esta, que poderia ser empregada em programas de monitoramento de atividades de dragagem. Espera-se que, de alguma forma, este trabalho possa contribuir, no futuro, a um melhor planejamento de estratégias de manejo e de tomada de ações para operações de dragagem e disposição de material dragado no ambiente marinho no Brasil.
Mousset, Emmanuel. "Integrated processes for removal of persistent organic pollutants : soil washing and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes combined to a possible biological post-treatment." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1130/document.
Повний текст джерелаSoils contaminated by hydrophobic organic pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a common concern since they are extremely difficult to remove and their potential toxicological impacts are significant. As an alternative to traditional thermal or physical treatments, soil washing and soil flushing processes appear to be conceivable and efficient approaches, especially for higher level of pollution. However, the treatment of highly loaded soil washing/flushing solutions is another challenge to overcome. In that way, a new integrated approach is suggested: soil washing/flushing processes combined to an electrochemical advanced oxidation process (EAOP) in a combination with a recirculation loop (to save extracting agents) and/or a biological post-treatment step (to minimize energy cost).Extraction efficiency of the extracting agent like hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) is compared to the traditional non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 in synthetic and real soil washing solutions. A new simple fluorescent sensitive and selective quantification method is developed to monitor Tween 80 oxidation. Two EAOPs were compared: electro-Fenton (EF) and anodic oxidation (AO). Platinum (Pt) (in EF process) and boron doped diamond (BDD) (in both treatment) anodes are the respective electrodes employed to recycle effluents and to consider a biological post-treatment, respectively. Regarding the extracting agent recovery, the biodegradability evolution of effluent and the energy consumption (in kWh (kgTOC)-1) during EAOP, HPCD is more advantageous than Tween 80. However, in terms of extraction efficiency, costs of extracting agents and impact on soil respirometry, Tween 80 is much more efficient. By considering all these advantages and drawbacks, Tween 80 could still appear to be the best option
Valvi, Damaskini 1983. "Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on childhood growth and obesity : evidence from the Spanish INMA Birth Cohort Study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/320194.
Повний текст джерелаA growing body of experimental evidence suggests that exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals during the critical windows of development may alter the molecular pathways that underlie the hormonal and epigenetic regulation of adipose tissue development and energy homeostasis and thus, may increase individuals susceptibility towards obesity. Human evidence supporting this emerging “Environmental Obesogen Hypothesis” is still scarce and largely relies on cross-sectional data. Thus, the main scope of the present thesis was to prospectively evaluate the influences of prenatal exposures to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and the non-persistent organic pollutants, BPA and phthalates, on childhood growth and obesity. Data used in this thesis come from the population-based INMA-“INfancia y Medio Ambiente” Birth Cohort Project in Spain. Findings suggest that prenatal exposures to POPs, phthalates and less clearly BPA may influence childhood growth and obesity and that the direction of the effects may differ according to the chemical tested and child sex.
Soukarieh, Banan. "Monitoring des HAPs et des PCBs dans le sol et les sédiments au Liban. Implantation d'une méthode optimisée et validée d'extraction et d'analyse." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0357.
Повний текст джерелаCurrently, the public and especially in industrialized countries is increasingly aware that environmental degradation can outweigh the benefits of rapid progress in the industrial and technological fields and that serious and irreversible damage can be imposed on the future generations. The occurrence of POPs in the environment, which results mainly from anthropogenic activities, is one of the permanent concerns of scientists. These compounds have been found in all environmental matrices such as air, soil, water and sediments and because of their lipophilic properties, they are likely to rebound in the human food chain. During the past decade, Lebanon has experienced a large population explosion that has been accompanied by various anthropogenic activities. The degradation of the quality of the environment is felt by the local population and the consequences for human health are heavy and horrendous. The work of this thesis allowed to evaluate concretely the effect of POPs on the quality of the environment in Lebanon, this work led to the determination of the levels of some POPs most widely studied such as PAHs, PCBs and OCPs in the different environmental compartments in Lebanon. To this end, analytical protocols including a GC/MS method for the separation and detection of PAHs, a UAE method for the extraction of PAHs from soil and sediments and an SPE method for the extraction of PAHs from water were developed. These methods were then applied to evaluate the levels of 17 PAHs in soils of different uses and study the distribution of PAHs in the aqueous phase and sediments on the Lebanese coasts and in coastal and inner rivers. The main results showed that soil contamination levels by PAHs decreased in the following order: industrial, urban, transport and agricultural and that industrial and urban soils were 777 and 256 times more toxic than rural reference soils according to the TEF approach. In addition, water and sediments from coastal sites affected by industry and shipping have shown higher contamination by PAHs. Some sediment samples showed concentrations of a few individual PAHs greater than the ERL, which could occasionally cause negative ecological effects. The work of this thesis also includes the determination of levels of PCBs and OCPs in the sediments of the Litani River which is a source of great environmental concern currently in Lebanon
Книги з теми "Composti organici persistenti"
T, Fenge, Downie David Leonard, and Inuit Circumpolar Conference, eds. Northern lights against POPs: Combatting threats in the Arctic. Montreal: Published for the Inuit Circumpolar Conference Canada by McGill-Queen's University Press, 2003.
Знайти повний текст джерелаShukla, Vertika, and Narendra Kumar. Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаKumari, Kanchan. Persistent Organic Pollutants: Gaps in Management and Associated Challenges. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаKumari, Kanchan. Persistent Organic Pollutants: Gaps in Management and Associated Challenges. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаPersistent Organic Pollutants: Gaps in Management and Associated Challenges. CRC Press, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаKumari, Kanchan. Persistent Organic Pollutants: Gaps in Management and Associated Challenges. CRC Press LLC, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаShukla, Vertika, and Narendra Kumar. Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment: Origin and Role. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаPersistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment: Origin and Role. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаShukla, Vertika, and Narendra Kumar. Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment: Origin and Role. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаMehmetli, Ebru, and Bogdana Koumanova. Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment. Springer, 2007.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Composti organici persistenti"
Gaur, Nisha, Dhiraj Dutta, Aman Jaiswal, Rama Dubey, and Dev Vrat Kamboj. "Role and Effect of Persistent Organic Pollutants to Our Environment and Wildlife." In Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs): Monitoring, Impact and Treatment [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101617.
Повний текст джерелаRao, Vyshnavi V., Sonashree R., and Rashmi R. Halbavi. "Review on Plastic Waste Disposal and Role of Microorganisms in Bioremediation of Plastics." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 236–47. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4921-6.ch011.
Повний текст джерелаRao, Vyshnavi V., Sonashree R., and Rashmi R. Halbavi. "Review on Plastic Waste Disposal and Role of Microorganisms in Bioremediation of Plastics." In Research Anthology on Emerging Techniques in Environmental Remediation, 481–92. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3714-8.ch025.
Повний текст джерела"of control. The state of Queensland has generous expertise in this area, with the CSIRO Division of Entomology – Lands Department group in Brisbane boasting spectacular success against Salvinia and Eichhornia, and near the reservoir at James Cook University a USDA unit was involved in successes with the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) (see Chapter 12) using a range of stem-boring and leaf-mining insects (Balciunas et al. 1993). One might consider the herbivorous grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, originally from China, more as a harvester than a biological control agent. This fish grazes on submerged weeds such as Hydrilla, Myriophyllum, Chara, Potamogeton and Ceratophyllum, and at stocking rates of 75 fish/ha control is rapidly achieved. Some introductions in the USA have resulted in removal of all vegetation (Leslie et al. 1987), and in the Australian context the use of sterile (triploid) fish (Cassani and Canton 1985) could be the only consideration. However, in view of the damage already done by grass carp to some inland waterways in Australia, it is suspected that this option would be greeted with horror. Mechanical control involves the physical removal of weeds from a problem area and is useful in situations where the use of herbicides is not practical or poses risks to human health or the environment. Mobile harvesters sever, lift and carry plants to the shore. Most are intended for harvesting submerged plants, though some have been designed or adapted to harvest floating plants. Handling the harvested weed is a problem because of their enormous water content, therefore choppers are often incorporated into harvesting machinery design. However, many mechanical harvesters have a small capacity and the process of disposing of harvested plant material is time-consuming. Any material that remains may affect water quality during the decay process by depleting the water of oxygen. Furthermore, nutrients released by decay may cause algal blooms (Mitchell 1978). Another disadvantage of mechanical removal is that disturbance often promotes rapid new growth and germination of seed, and encourages the spread of weed by fragmentation. Some direct uses of macrophytes include the following: livestock food; protein extraction; manufacture of yeast; production of alcohol and other by-products; the formation of composts, mulches and fertilizers; and use for methane generation (Williams 1977). Herbicides either kill on contact, or after translocation through the plant. Some are residual and retain their toxicity for a period of time. Where herbicides are used for control of plants, some contamination of the water is inevitable (Bill 1977). The degree of contamination depends on the toxicity of the material, its fate and persistence in the water, the concentration used and the main purpose served by the water. After chemical defoliation of aquatic vegetation, the masses of decaying organic debris produced can interfere with fish production. Several factors must be taken into account when selecting and adapting herbicides for aquatic purposes, including: type of water use; toxicity of the herbicide to humans, fish, stock, and wildlife; rate of disappearance of residues, species affected and duration of control; concentration of herbicide; and cost (Bill 1977). The TVA has successfully used EPA-approved herbicides such as Endothall, Diquat, Fluridone and Komeen against Hydrilla (Burns et al. 1992), and a list of approved." In Water Resources, 153–54. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203027851-40.
Повний текст джерелаТези доповідей конференцій з теми "Composti organici persistenti"
Duoyuan, Wang, Hu Lingzhi, He Huizhu, Zhao Lizeng, Mi Xin, and Ni Yuxin. "The New Systems of Organic Photon-gated Photochemical Hole Burning." In Persistent Spectral Hole Burning: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pshb.1991.fe12.
Повний текст джерелаKaarli, Rein, Peeter Saari, and Heiki Sõnajalg. "New Developments in Time-and-Space-Domain Holography and Shaping of Light Pulses by Spectral Hole-Burning Filters." In Persistent Spectral Hole Burning: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pshb.1991.thb3.
Повний текст джерелаTian, Mingzhen, Baozhu Luo, Wenlian Li, Shihua Huang, and Jiaqi Yu. "Persistent Photon-gated Spectral Holeburning In A New Donor-Acceptor Electron Transfer System." In Persistent Spectral Hole Burning: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pshb.1991.fa7.
Повний текст джерелаЗвіти організацій з теми "Composti organici persistenti"
Shenker, Moshe, Paul R. Bloom, Abraham Shaviv, Adina Paytan, Barbara J. Cade-Menun, Yona Chen, and Jorge Tarchitzky. Fate of Phosphorus Originated from Treated Wastewater and Biosolids in Soils: Speciation, Transport, and Accumulation. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697103.bard.
Повний текст джерела