Дисертації з теми "Comportements des producteurs"
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Assouto, Achille Barnabé. "Dynamique des prix agricoles et comportements des producteurs au Bénin." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE3147.
Повний текст джерелаPrices of agricultural products are experiencing significant volatility. Price volatility is still relevant today with food crises, the latest of which are those of 2007-2008 and 2010-2011. Trajectories may completely vary depending on whether we are targeting international market or national domestic markets. This price volatility represents price risk that affects farmers’ decision-making. This thesis is devoted to determine how producers react to the price risk of agricultural products. Specifically, it (i) reviews the available literature pertaining to decision-making in a deterministic or uncertain environment, (ii) analyzes the functioning of the Beninese agricultural sector by identifying the constraints on the sector and which constitute factors conducive to price volatility in the country’s main markets (iii) tests the existence of price volatility on food markets in Benin and assesses the extent to which agricultural prices have been volatile since 1995 and, ( iv) analyze farmers’ responses to price volatility. Results show that there is significant price volatility in the country’s main markets. However, it is established that changes in price volatility between the periods 1995-2005 and 2006-2015 vary according to the markets and products considered. The results also show that farmers in Benin react to price risk by increasing both production and corn acreage. The results of this thesis suggest, on the one hand, the use of transitional instruments for regulating the prices of food products and, on the other hand, the setting up of a counter-cyclical inventory control policy
Jeudy, Sagine. "Estimation des bénéfices associés à l'amélioration de la qualité de l'eau : application de l'approche des comportements défensifs aux producteurs agricoles québécois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30506/30506.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aims to analyze the benefits associated with improved water quality by applying the method of "defensive behavior" to Quebec farmers. Perception variables about the degradation of water quality and the environment and characteristics about individuals and farms were included in probit and poisson models to analyze their impact on the probability of adoption of three BMPs, two defensive measures and a health function and to explore the causality between defensive measures and the adoption of BMPs. Many of the aforementioned variables have significant impacts on the adoption of BMPs and defensive measures. We also found that the adoption processes of the three BMPs were correlated. However, we found no link between the adoption of defensive measures and the adoption of BMPs. Finally, the adoption of BMPs reduces the number of days with illness symptoms.
Maur, Jean-Christophe. "L'effet des législations antidumping sur le comportement des producteurs." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999IEPP0010.
Повний текст джерелаThis research undertakes the analysis of the effects of antidumping on firm behavior. Theoritical, empirical and factual works are realised. The study of antidumping borrows heavily from 10 theory. This is understandable since antidumping complaints are often brought by oligopolists. We stress in particular the incitation created by the threat of antidumping and injury factors. Theory shows us that collusion and capture of the legislation are possible outcomes. As often with imperfect competition results depend on the structure of the market and overall effects may be counter-intuitive we show e. G that in the presence of adverse selection leading to dumping behavior, antidumping will lower the average quality of products offered. In an emperical study furthers the theorical part, we first look at the investigation against Korean drams, a reminder of the proceeding against japanese drams. However, the outcome appears different this time; we believe that an explanation lies in the opportunistic behavior of the plaintiff. The memories memories industry was sensitive to the complaint, which the event study econometric analysis we conduct thereafter confirms. In a second empirical work, we propose to undertake the study of the diffusion of some cases across user countries which we name "echo". After having defined the concept of "echo", we make a census of it and conclude to its high frequency. We offer three explanations: the strategy of multunational on several markets, imitation with positive externalities and cascading protection from one country to another
Collette, Maxime. "Perturbations dans le secteur laitier québécois : évaluation du comportement stratégique des producteurs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30352/30352.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMany economic and climatic disruptions have influenced the Quebec dairy farms between 2000 and 2010. However, the incidence of these disruptions did not have the same effect on the financial health of the farms, as demonstrated by the disparity shown in their financial results. In order to obtain a better understanding of the presence of heterogeneity, the strategic behavior of the most efficient and the less efficient producers has been evaluated from two series of analysis, performed on eleven management strategies. The results showed that the producers of the head subgroup obtained better security margin, labour organization, dairy productivity and valorization of the fodder than the producers of the tail subgroup, regardless of the economic and climatic situation. It appears then, that their production structure and their strategic planning are more economically efficient and more capable of restraining the negative effects of disruptions.
Zan, Madina Micheline. "Modélisation du comportement d'investissement des producteurs en présence de multiples sources d'incertitudes : application à la production d'oeufs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29718/29718.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIssa, Aisha. "Impact des paiements anticipés sur le comportement commercial des producteurs de céréales dans la région de Ségou, au Mali." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38114.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDia, Diyé. "Systèmes producteurs de confiance : ouverture de droit à des services par apprentissage dynamique du comportement des utilisateurs du système d'information." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22396/document.
Повний текст джерелаAlary, Véronique. "Incertitude et prise de risque en période d'ajustement : le comportement des producteurs de cacao du Cameroun avant et après 1994." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010047.
Повний текст джерелаThe study of the cocoaplanters'behaviour in Cameroon during a period of economic instability and unruliness sets at once the following question : is there still a future for the cocoa plantation ? This study attemps to answer the urgent problems of national policy. Indeed, cocoa -which represents 15% of export profits- is one of the most important commodity for economic take-off in Cameroon. Following interviews with farmers about their decisions just before and after the devaluation of the fcfa, we tried to surround the agronomical and social vulnerabilities which are characteristic of various cocoa production systems, in order to appreciate how much the instability coming from outside (price variability, access to credit, changes in agricultural policy) can affect those farmers and to come to the real conditions of decision taking of the planter. Based on decision making criteria towards risk and uncertainty, gleaned from the empirical study, a linear programming model was developed in order to test the logics of agricultural supply under different constraints and macro-economic management interventions. The uncertain factors as they are considered in the model, are not only a constraint, but limit the amount of the knowledge that is possible to have of the future and also influence on the ratio between consumption and saving. Over the whole set of simulations, decision making risk seems to be a strong factor in discouraging investment since, due to price instability, the possible gains achieved by taking risks are questionable from one year to another. Conscious of such uncertain events, the cocoa planter will tend to economize -precaution savings- in order to survive through periods of low price and low yields
Miszczycha, Stéphane Dimitri. "Croissance et survie des Escherichia Coli producteurs de Shiga Toxines (STEC) en fonction des technologies fromagères mettant en oeuvre du lait cru." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874866.
Повний текст джерелаLorre, Geoffrey. "Variation du prix et comportement productif des riziculteurs." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED035/document.
Повний текст джерелаSince the rise in food prices in 2007-2008, agriculture is again at the front of the international scene. Political and human consequences of the turmoil in international markets have been significant in many countries and some had their government overthrown. In this context, we focus on rice, a cereal that guarantees the minimum caloric intake for more than 50% of the population, and on the rice farmer, the first link in the production chain. First we review the history of rice culture, the recent market developments and the rice crisis of 2007-2008. Secondly we are interested specifically in the transmission of international prices to producer prices, then we try to understand, from a macroeconomic and microeconomic point of view, the productive behavior of rice farmers in the variation of the price they get
Da, Cunha Adriana. "Comportement stratégique de résistance du distributeur face au pouvoir du producteur, au sein du canal de distribution automobile : le cas du Brésil." Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX24026.
Повний текст джерелаIn automobile distribution, the power relationship between manufacturer and dealer is one in wich the manufacturer has more bargaining power than the dealer. What strategies of resistance can the distributor adopt to increase his profit and market flexibility, in the face of this power ? This research focuses on a relatively new method of analyzing distribution strategy through the observation of power and resistance. We sought to identify resistance strategies originating in literature and adopted by these less powerful dealers within the chain of automobile distribution in Brazil. Using qualitative methodology, we conducted and analyzed 26 interviews with automobile dealers between September and November 2007. The results revealed the presence of resistance on behalf of the distributor as seen in the operational management of the supply chain and of the point of sale, as well as in the reconsideration of supply sources. This thesis presents the essential resistance methods adopted by dealers and seeks to understand to what extend their margin for maneuvering can be increased by these methods, particularly in the area of logistics
Chemak, Fraj. "Comportement des producteurs agricoles et efficacité d'usage de la ressource en eau : Cas des périmètres irrigués de la région de Sidi Bouzid en semi aride Tunisien." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON10015.
Повний текст джерелаThreatened by the economic and social development, water is an increasingly rare good. More than ever concerned, Tunisia achieved a successfully water supply management policy. Today, this policy reached its limits with a mobilization rate of 87%. Hence, efforts should target to the demand management. Understanding farmer's strategies and identifying the parameters controlling production technologies are the fundamental elements to modify the consumption of irrigated sector without compromising production objectives. Ln this regard, the objective of this investigation is to analyze the performance of irrigated farms in the region of Sidi Bouzid. First, farm's survey was carried out in both public and private irrigated areas. Second, an analysis of the production system within theses farms showed an appropriate technology process. Moreover, the application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach allowed the measurement of technica1 and allocative efficiency. Empirical findings revealed a technical inefficiency use of inputs. The average technical efficiency of water resource was onl y 68%. The comparison between both production systems revealed more important resources wasting in private farms than in public ones. Thus, the surface weIl creation strategy, as a second source of irrigation, was found to be against the sustainable use of an already overexploited ground water. However, such strategy is justified when analyzing allocative efficiency scores. Lndeed, the profitability of an activity, based on wells irrigation, appears to be much more interesting than that based on public resource. The average allocative efficiency of private farms was 73% compared to only 53% for public farms. The Horticultural cropping practice is a determinant factor of this profitability. In addition, results indicate the negative effect of land structure (area and a number of plots) and land input intensification on technical efficiency
Vasseur, Elsa. "Développement d'une stratégie d'intervention visant à améliorer le bien-être animal en fermes laitières : par l'encouragement des producteurs à rejoindre des standards progressistes pour l'élevage des veaux et génisses." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26691/26691.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRoubach, Souhila. "Tests et analyses (microscopiques et spectroscopiques) du comportement des produits consolidant sur l'os Archéologique, et application sur le matériel osseux des gisements plio-pléistocènes de Camp dels Ninots, Sierra d'Atapuerca, et de Barranc de la Boella (Péninsule Ibérique)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404088.
Повний текст джерелаEste trabajo se enmarca dentro del campo de la conservación y restauración de restos óseos, concretamente, de los tratamientos de consolidación. El objetivo principal es comprender el comportamiento de los productos consolidantes para establecer criterios de selección para tratar huesos arqueo-paleontológicos. Esto se ha realizado mediante el estudio de ciertos parámetros tales como la penetración, el comportamiento a largo plazo y la reversibilidad de los consolidantes. El estudio de estos parámetros se llevó a cabo mediante pruebas sobre una selección de consolidantes y de muestras óseas arqueológicas. Los consolidantes se seleccionaron en función de lo que se ha reportado en la literatura y en los resultados de una encuesta realizada para esta tesis. Las muestras óseas han sido de pequeñas dimensiones y algunas de ellas se han sometido a ensayos destructivos. Todas procedían de los yacimientos arqueológicos de Atapuerca y del Barranc de la Boella (Península Ibérica). La caracterización y la evaluación de los resultados se realizó mediante análisis microscópicos (lupa binocular, ESEM) y espectroscópicos (Raman, infrarrojos). Los resultados mostraron que las resinas acrílicas como el Paraloid B72 y B82 y una de las vinílicas, el Mowilith 60, presentaron una buena penetración, estabilidad y reversibilidad, a diferencia de las de polivinil butiral (Mowital B60 HH, Butvar B76 y B98). Por su parte, las técnicas de análisis empleadas han demostrado su eficacia. Hay que tener en cuenta que en los parámetros estudiados influyen también las características del hueso, así como los métodos y condiciones de aplicación. A partir de los resultados obtenidos con las pruebas sobre las muestras óseas, se seleccionaron los consolidantes y métodos más eficaces para el tratamiento de consolidación y pruebas de reversibilidad sobre una serie de fósiles (casos reales) de los yacimientos Plio-Pleistocenos del Camp dels ninots, Gran Dolina, y el Barranc de la Boella (Península Ibérica).
This work falls within the framework of conservation and restoration of bone remains and is concretely about consolidation treatments. The main objective is to understand consolidant product behavior to establish selection criteria for the treatment of paleontological and archaeological remains. This was possible through the study of some parameters such as penetration, long-term behavior and reversibility of consolidants on archaeological bones. The study of these parameters was carried out by tests on a selection of consolidants and archaeological bone samples. The consolidants were selected on what has been reported in the literature and the results of a survey conducted for this thesis; and they are: Paraloid B72 and B82, Mowilith 60 and DMC2, Mowital B60 HH, Butvar B76 and B98. The bone samples meanwhile are small, some have been subjected to destruction, and they come from the archaeological sites of Atapuerca and Barranc de la Boella (Iberian Peninsula). The characterization and evaluation of the results were performed by microscopic (binocular microscope, ESEM) and spectroscopic (Raman, infrared) analysis. The results showed that acrylic resins such as Paraloid B72 and B82 and some vinyl (Mowilith 60) presented some penetration, stability and reversibility, unlike polyvinyl butyral (Mowital B60 HH, Butvar B76 and B98). For their part, analytical techniques have shown their effectiveness. Note that, on the parameters studied also influence the characteristics of the bones as well as the methods and conditions of application. According to the results obtained from the tests on bone samples, the consolidants and methods most effective were selected for consolidation treatment and reversibility tests on a number of fossils (fossils in need of interventions) of Plio- Pleistocene of Camp dels Ninots, Gran Dolina, and Barranc de la Boella (Iberian Peninsula).
David, Morgan. "Personnalité, stratégies d'approvisionnement et d'appariement chez les diamants mandarins (Taeniopygia guttata)." Thèse, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4943/1/D2346.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBellanger, Manuel. "Modélisation de mécanismes institutionnels et impacts bio-économiques de systèmes de gestion de quotas : application à la pêcherie de sole du golfe de Gascogne." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0037/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn France, where fishing rights are non-transferable, the management of fishing quotas is essentially delegated to producer organizations (POs). POs are granted collective allocations based on the aggregate fishing rights of their members and are then responsible for managing their fishing opportunities. The goal of this research, which contains theoretical developments as well as empirical analyses applied to the Bay of Biscay sole fishery, is to determine how outcomes of fisheries management are altered by the presence of POs within institutions as compared to alternative governance systems such as individual transferable quotas (ITQs). This dissertation notably brings together bio-economic approaches and institutional analyses to better anticipate the ecological, economic and social impacts of potential governance options. The research questions are the following: (1) What mechanisms could ensure a high level of compliance and what are the potential gains of placing the POs between the regulator and the fishermen? (2) What are the distributional effects of catch share management by POs? (3) What is the added value of integrating institutional arrangements involving POs into bio-economic modelling for the impact assessment of catch share management options? The analyses that were developed establish the ability of institutional design to influence outcomes in catch share systems in terms of compliance, distribution, and ecological-socioeconomic trade-offs achieved by alternative management options