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Ryndin, Nikita Alexandrovich, and Sergey Vladimirovich Sapegin. "Component Design of The Complex Software Systems, Based On Solutions’ Multivariant Synthesis." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 69, no. 12 (December 25, 2021): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v69i12p233.
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Ali, Awad, Mohammed Bakri Bashir, Alzubair Hassan, Rafik Hamza, Samar M. Alqhtani, Tawfeeg Mohmmed Tawfeeg, and Adil Yousif. "Design-Time Reliability Prediction Model for Component-Based Software Systems." Sensors 22, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 2812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072812.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Software reliability is prioritised as the most critical quality attribute. Reliability prediction models participate in the prevention of software failures which can cause vital events and disastrous consequences in safety-critical applications or even in businesses. Predicting reliability during design allows software developers to avoid potential design problems, which can otherwise result in reconstructing an entire system when discovered at later stages of the software development life-cycle. Several reliability models have been built to predict reliability during software development. However, several issues still exist in these models. Current models suffer from a scalability issue referred to as the modeling of large systems. The scalability solutions usually come at a high computational cost, requiring solutions. Secondly, consideration of the nature of concurrent applications in reliability prediction is another issue. We propose a reliability prediction model that enhances scalability by introducing a system-level scenario synthesis mechanism that mitigates complexity. Additionally, the proposed model supports modeling of the nature of concurrent applications through adaption of formal statistical distribution toward scenario combination. The proposed model was evaluated using sensors-based case studies. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed model from the view of computational cost reduction compared to similar models. This reduction is the main parameter for scalability enhancement. In addition, the presented work can enable system developers to know up to which load their system will be reliable via observation of the reliability value in several running scenarios.
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Al-Azzoni, Issam, Julian Blank, and Nenad Petrović. "A Model-Driven Approach for Solving the Software Component Allocation Problem." Algorithms 14, no. 12 (December 6, 2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a14120354.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The underlying infrastructure paradigms behind the novel usage scenarios and services are becoming increasingly complex—from everyday life in smart cities to industrial environments. Both the number of devices involved and their heterogeneity make the allocation of software components quite challenging. Despite the enormous flexibility enabled by component-based software engineering, finding the optimal allocation of software artifacts to the pool of available devices and computation units could bring many benefits, such as improved quality of service (QoS), reduced energy consumption, reduction of costs, and many others. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce a model-based framework that aims to solve the software component allocation problem (CAP). We formulate it as an optimization problem with either single or multiple objective functions and cover both cases in the proposed framework. Additionally, our framework also provides visualization and comparison of the optimal solutions in the case of multi-objective component allocation. The main contributions introduced in this paper are: (1) a novel methodology for tackling CAP-alike problems based on the usage of model-driven engineering (MDE) for both problem definition and solution representation; (2) a set of Python tools that enable the workflow starting from the CAP model interpretation, after that the generation of optimal allocations and, finally, result visualization. The proposed framework is compared to other similar works using either linear optimization, genetic algorithm (GA), and ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm within the experiments based on notable papers on this topic, covering various usage scenarios—from Cloud and Fog computing infrastructure management to embedded systems, robotics, and telecommunications. According to the achieved results, our framework performs much faster than GA and ACO-based solutions. Apart from various benefits of adopting a multi-objective approach in many cases, it also shows significant speedup compared to frameworks leveraging single-objective linear optimization, especially in the case of larger problem models.
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Ojer, Marco, Hugo Alvarez, Ismael Serrano, Fátima A. Saiz, Iñigo Barandiaran, Daniel Aguinaga, Leire Querejeta, and David Alejandro. "Projection-Based Augmented Reality Assistance for Manual Electronic Component Assembly Processes." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (January 22, 2020): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030796.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Personalized production is moving the progress of industrial automation forward, and demanding new tools for improving the decision-making of the operators. This paper presents a new, projection-based augmented reality system for assisting operators during electronic component assembly processes. The paper describes both the hardware and software solutions, and depicts the results obtained during a usability test with the new system.
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El Kharboutly, Rehab, and Swapna S. Gokhale. "Efficient Reliability Analysis of Concurrent Software Applications Considering Software Architecture." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 24, no. 01 (February 2014): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194014500028.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Architecture-based reliability analysis of software applications is gaining prominence as it can provide valuable guidance to software architects during early design phases. Concurrent component execution is common among modern software applications, and hence, reliability analysis considering concurrency within the context of software architecture is essential. Our preliminary analysis approach considering concurrency suffers from state-space explosion; due to which it cannot be applied to practical software applications. This paper proposes solutions to the model specification and solution challenges arising from the state-space explosion problem. The specification challenge is alleviated using the Stochastic Reward Net (SRN) modelling paradigm which can intuitively and concisely represent concurrent software architecture at a higher level of abstraction. The computational challenge is alleviated by aggregating the original state space. Our illustrations show that aggregation introduces only a small inaccuracy into the reliability estimate, and hence, preserves the utility of the original model to produce design guidance via sensitivity analysis.
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Hao, Ying Qi, and Si Qi Wang. "The Internal Stress Optimization of Structural Model Based on Super Finite Element Calculating Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 3334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.3334.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The structural optimization based on FE (Finite Element) software ANSYS is an emerging subject which is combines computational mechanics, mathematical programming, computer science and other engineering subject. Up to now, substantial research breakthroughs have been achieved in optimization theory. This essay is mainly about the theory analysis and internal stress optimization on the modal displayed on the contests of the Fifth National Structure Design Contest for College Student, including selection of basic components, size detail optimization of components. The optimization of structural stress is to find the optimal solutions while keep the variable within certain range. As for this paper, it is to find the optimal solution to mass while the internal stress, component size, load are under constrained. Finally, to ensure the safety of structure and component, analysis was made on the computation results.
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Mian, Riaz-ul-haque, Michihiro Shintani, and Michiko Inoue. "Hardware–Software Co-Design for Decimal Multiplication." Computers 10, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers10020017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Decimal arithmetic using software is slow for very large-scale applications. On the other hand, when hardware is employed, extra area overhead is required. A balanced strategy can overcome both issues. Our proposed methods are compliant with the IEEE 754-2008 standard for decimal floating-point arithmetic and combinations of software and hardware. In our methods, software with some area-efficient decimal component (hardware) is used to design the multiplication process. Analysis in a RISC-V-based integrated co-design evaluation framework reveals that the proposed methods provide several Pareto points for decimal multiplication solutions. The total execution process is sped up by 1.43× to 2.37× compared with a full software solution. In addition, 7–97% less hardware is required compared with an area-efficient full hardware solution.
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Nouri-Baygi, Mostafa. "The Computational Complexity of and Approximation Algorithms for Variants of the Component Selection Problem." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 29, no. 07 (November 2018): 1231–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054118500314.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the past decades, there has been a burst of activity to simplify implementation of complex software systems. The solution framework in software engineering community for this problem is called component-based software design (CBSD), whereas in the modeling and simulation community it is called composability. Composability is a complex feature due to the challenges of creating components, selecting combinations of components, and integrating the selected components. In this paper, we address the challenge through the analysis of Component Selection (CS), the NP-complete process of selecting a minimal set of components to satisfy a set of objectives. Due to the computational complexity of CS, we consider approximation algorithms that make the component selection process practical. We define three variations of CS and present good approximation algorithms to find near optimal solutions. In spite of our creation of approximable variants of Component Selection, we prove that the general Component Selection problem is inapproximable.
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Ortiz, Francisco J., Carlos C. Insaurralde, Diego Alonso, Francisco Sánchez, and Yvan R. Petillot. "Model-driven analysis and design for software development of autonomous underwater vehicles." Robotica 33, no. 08 (April 29, 2014): 1731–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574714001027.
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SUMMARYSoftware engineering plays a key role in state-of-the-art robotics where more effective and efficient software development solutions are needed for implementation and integration of advanced robotics capabilities. Component-based software engineering and model-driven software development are two paradigms suitable to deal with such challenges. This paper presents the analysis, design, and implementation of control software for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). The software development stages are carried out by using a model-driven toolchain that provides support to design and build component-based software for robotics applications. A case study of a high-performance AUV control application and experimental results from a software schedulability analysis are presented.
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MOLINA, MARTÍN, JOSÉ L. SIERRA, and JOSÉ CUENA. "REUSABLE KNOWLEDGE-BASED COMPONENTS FOR BUILDING SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS: A KNOWLEDGE MODELLING APPROACH." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 09, no. 03 (June 1999): 297–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819409900019x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In computer science, different types of reusable components for building software applications were proposed as a direct consequence of the emergence of new software programming paradigms. The success of these components for building applications depends on factors such as the flexibility in their combination or the facility for their selection in centralised or distributed environments such as internet. In this article, we propose a general type of reusable component, called primitive of representation, inspired by a knowledge-based approach that can promote reusability. The proposal can be understood as a generalisation of existing partial solutions that is applicable to both software and knowledge engineering for the development of hybrid applications that integrate conventional and knowledge based techniques. The article presents the structure and use of the component and describes our recent experience in the development of real-world applications based on this approach.
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Velasco Moncada, David Santiago. "Hazard-driven realization views for Component Fault Trees." Software and Systems Modeling 19, no. 6 (March 24, 2020): 1465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00792-8.
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Abstract Traditionally, the preferred means of documentation used by safety engineers have been sheets- and text-based solutions. However, in the last decades, the introduction of model-driven engineering in conjunction with Component-Based Design has been influencing the way safety engineers perform their tasks; especially in the area of fault analysis, model-driven approaches have been developed aimed at coupling fault trees with architecture models. Doing this fosters communication between engineers, may reduce design effort, and makes artifacts easier to maintain and reuse. In this paper, we want to move forward in this direction and take another step in the modeling of Component Fault Trees in combination with the modeling of the architecture design. We propose a hazard-centric approach for the definition of multiple realization views for fault analysis using Component Fault Trees. The approach is composed of a modeling method and a tool solution. We illustrate our approach with a real-life example from the automotive industry.
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Pugin, Konstantin V., Kirill A. Mamrosenko, and Alexander M. Giatsintov. "Software architecture for display controller and operating system interaction." Radioelectronics. Nanosystems. Information Technologies. 13, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17725/rensit.2021.13.087.
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Article describes solutions for developing programs that provide interaction between Linux operating system and multiple display controller hardware blocks (outputs), that use one clock generation IP-block with phase-locked loop (PLL). There is no API for such devices in Linux, thus new software model was developed. This model is based on official Linux GPU developer driver model, but was modified to cover case described earlier. Article describes three models for display controller driver development – monolithic, component and semi-monolithic. These models cannot cover case described earlier, because they assume that one clock generator should be attached to one output. A new model was developed, that is based on component model, but has additional mechanics to prevent race condition that can happen while using one clock generator with multiple outputs. Article also presents modified model for bootloaders graphics drivers. This model has been simplified over developed Linux model, but also has component nature (with less components) and race prevention mechanics (but with weaker conditions). Hardware interaction driver components that are developed using provided software models are interchangeable between Linux and bootloader.
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Kall, Tarmo, Tõnis Oja, Karin Kollo, and Aive Liibusk. "The Noise Properties and Velocities from a Time-Series of Estonian Permanent GNSS Stations." Geosciences 9, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9050233.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to estimate the noise properties, velocities, and their uncertainties from a time-series of selected (~9 years long) Estonian continuously operating Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations. Two software packages based on different processing methods, Gipsy–Oasis and Bernese, were used for daily coordinate calculations. Different methods and software (Tsview, Hector, and MIDAS) were used for coordinate time-series analysis. Outliers were removed using three different strategies. Six different stochastic noise models were used for trend estimation altogether with the analysis of the noise properties of the residual time-series with Hector. Obtained velocities were compared with different land uplift and glacial isostatic adjustment models (e.g., ICE-6G (VM5a), NKG2016LU, etc.). All compared solutions showed similar fit to the compared models. It was confirmed that the best fit to the time-series residuals were with the flicker noise plus white noise model (for the North and East component) and generalized Gauss–Markov model (for Up). Velocities from MIDAS, Tsview, and Hector solutions within the same time-series (Gipsy–Oasis or Bernese) agreed well but velocity uncertainties differed up to four times. The smallest uncertainties were obtained from Tsview; the MIDAS solution produced the most conservative values. Although the East and Up component velocities between Gipsy and Bernese solutions agreed well, the North component velocities were systematically shifted.
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Giedrimas, Vaidas. "Generavimo metodų naudojimas kuriant .NET komponentines programų sistemas." Informacijos mokslai 42, no. 43 (January 1, 2008): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2008.0.3421.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Komponentinė paradigma leidžia greičiau sukurti programų sistemas, efektyviau pakartotinai naudoti anksčiau sukurtus programinius artefaktus – komponentus. Deja, praktiškai kuriant komponentines programų sistemas daug laiko sugaištama komponentų paieškai ir verifikavimui. Vienas galimų šios problemos sprendimų – komponentinių programų verifikavimui ir sintezei naudoti formaliuosius metodus. Komponentinių (ypač iš pasaulinio tinklo paslaugų sudarytų) programų kūrimas formaliaisiais metodais plačiai diskutuojamas, tačiau kol kas yra tik pradinės stadijos. Straipsnyje supažindinama su sintezės sistema, skirta komponentinėms programoms iš .NET komponentų kurti. Sistema realizuota naudojant du generavimo metodus: struktūrinę sintezę ir indukciją. Pateiktas konkretus programų sistemos generavimo pavyzdys.The application of generative methods for .NET component-based software synthesisVaidas Giedrimas SummaryThe component paradigm increases the performance of software development process by reusing prefabricated software components. However, the search and verification of components still take relatively long time. One of the possible solutions to increase software development productivity and quality is the application of formal methods. Many approaches have been presented to scientific community, however the biggest part of them are still in the beginning stage – the formal description of component model without practical implementations. The synthesis system of .NET component-based software is presented in this arcticle. This system is based on two generative methods: the Structural Synthesis of Programs (SSP) and the induction. One small example of componentbased software synthesis is also described.
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Favilla, Jose, and Andrew Fearne. "Supply chain software implementations: getting it right." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 10, no. 4 (September 1, 2005): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540510612695.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeTo highlight key success factors in supply chain projects.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents insights from a number of supply chain projects in which IT has played an important part in the business solution.FindingsSuccessful supply chain projects have four things in common: the right leadership, the right focus, the right approach and effective communication of KPIs to all stakeholders engaged in the project.Research limitations/implicationsThe focus of the paper is on supply chain projects with a significant IT component, but the key success factors identified are common to the majority of supply chain projects.Practical implicationsCompanies must not assume that investment in IT is, by itself, a solution to their supply chain solutions. A lack of leadership, focus and communication will invariably result in sub‐optimal outcomes which are all too frequently attributed to the complex nature of the project or the inflexibility of the software when in most cases the problems are internal to the businesses involved and the project management process.Originality/valueThis paper provides practical tips for improving the likelihood of getting the most out of IT‐based supply chain projects.
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ORMANDJIEVA, OLGA, MANAR ABU TALIB, and ALAIN ABRAN. "RELIABILITY MODEL FOR COMPONENT-BASED SYSTEMS IN COSMIC (A CASE STUDY)." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 18, no. 04 (June 2008): 515–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194008003763.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Software component technology has a substantial impact on modern IT evolution. The benefits of this technology, such as reusability, complexity management, time and effort reduction, and increased productivity, have been key drivers of its adoption by industry. One of the main issues in building component-based systems is the reliability of the composed functionality of the assembled components. This paper proposes a reliability assessment model based on the architectural configuration of a component-based system and the reliability of the individual components, which is usage- or testing-independent. The goal of this research is to improve the reliability assessment process for large software component-based systems over time, and to compare alternative component-based system design solutions prior to implementation. The novelty of the proposed reliability assessment model lies in the evaluation of the component reliability from its behavior specifications, and of the system reliability from its topology; the reliability assessment is performed in the context of the implementation-independent ISO/IEC 19761:2003 International Standard on the COSMIC method chosen to provide the component's behavior specifications. In essence, each component of the system is modeled by a discrete time Markov chain behavior based on its behavior specifications with extended-state machines. Then, a probabilistic analysis by means of Markov chains is performed to analyze any uncertainty in the component's behavior. Our hypothesis states that the less uncertainty there is in the component's behavior, the greater the reliability of the component. The system reliability assessment is derived from a typical component-based system architecture with composite reliability structures, which may include the composition of the serial reliability structures, the parallel reliability structures and the p-out-of-n reliability structures. The approach of assessing component-based system reliability in the COSMIC context is illustrated with the railroad crossing case study.
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Magableh, Basel, and Stephen Barrett. "Productivity Evaluation of Self-Adaptive Software Model Driven Architecture." International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering 6, no. 4 (October 2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitwe.2011100101.
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Anticipating context changes using a model-based approach requires a formal procedure for analysing and modelling context-dependent functionality and stable description of the architecture which supports dynamic decision-making and architecture evolution. This article demonstrates the capabilities of the context-oriented component-based application-model-driven architecture (COCA-MDA) to support the development of self-adaptive applications; the authors describe a state-of-the-art case study and evaluate the development effort involved in adopting the COCA-MDA in constructing the application. An intensive analysis of the application requirements simplified the process of modelling the application’s behavioural model; therefore, instead of modelling several variation models, the developers modelled an extra-functionality model. COCA-MDA reduces the development effort because it maintains a clear separation of concerns and employs a decomposition mechanism to produce a context-oriented component model which decouples the applications’ core functionality from the context-dependent functionality. Estimating the MDA approach’s productivity can help the software developers select the best MDA-based methodology from the available solutions. Thus, counting the source line of code is not adequate for evaluating the development effort of the MDA-based methodology. Quantifying the maintenance adjustment factor of the new, adapted, and reused code is a better estimate of the development effort of the MDA approaches.
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Slabinoha, M. O., A. B. Havrysh, and N. B. Ivankiv. "HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE OF THE INDOOR AIR QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM." METHODS AND DEVICES OF QUALITY CONTROL, no. 2(45) (December 28, 2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9981-2020-2(45)-26-31.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The work is devoted to the development of hardware and software for indoor air quality monitoring system. The analysis of existing solutions in the field of home air quality monitoring systems was carried out, their main advantages and disadvantages were highlighted, as a result of which the requirements to the developed system were presented. Based on the requirements, the general structure of the system was developed, and the means for the implementation of its hardware and software were selected. In particular, it was decided to develop a system based on the concept of "Internet of Things", and the following components: data collection node, data processing and storage server, client applications (web interface and mobile application for Android operating system. Node for data collection from sensors and sending requests for the server were designed on the basis of the microprocessor board ESP8266, the interaction between the nodes of the system was implemented using HTTP-requests, as a result, designed and implemented hardware and software for indoor air quality monitoring system based on the concept of "Internet of Things" and allows to monitor the current air quality, as well as view the data of previous records using user interfaces.Two user interfaces have been implemented: web-based (based on the developed site structure), using web development technologies, and as an application for mobile devices, running on the operating system Andr oid (based on the developed activity and class diagram, using the Java programming language. Testing and examples of using these user interfaces in real conditions. The developed hardware and software solution allows to effectively solve the problem of monitoring indoor air quality indicators, and the cost of the component base and development costs is lower than the cost of ready-made commercial solutions with similar characteristics.
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Bucaioni, Alessio, Saad Mubeen, Federico Ciccozzi, Antonio Cicchetti, and Mikael Sjödin. "Modelling multi-criticality vehicular software systems: evolution of an industrial component model." Software and Systems Modeling 19, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 1283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00795-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Software in modern vehicles consists of multi-criticality functions, where a function can be safety-critical with stringent real-time requirements, less critical from the vehicle operation perspective, but still with real-time requirements, or not critical at all. Next-generation autonomous vehicles will require higher computational power to run multi-criticality functions and such a power can only be provided by parallel computing platforms such as multi-core architectures. However, current model-based software development solutions and related modelling languages have not been designed to effectively deal with challenges specific of multi-core, such as core-interdependency and controlled allocation of software to hardware. In this paper, we report on the evolution of the Rubus Component Model for the modelling, analysis, and development of vehicular software systems with multi-criticality for deployment on multi-core platforms. Our goal is to provide a lightweight and technology-preserving transition from model-based software development for single-core to multi-core. This is achieved by evolving the Rubus Component Model to capture explicit concepts for multi-core and parallel hardware and for expressing variable criticality of software functions. The paper illustrates these contributions through an industrial application in the vehicular domain.
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Sharma, Dharmendra, Jari Rehu, Klaus Känsälä, and Heikki Ailisto. "An Automatic Aggregator of Power Flexibility in Smart Buildings Using Software Based Orchestration." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030867.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a software-based modular and hierarchical building energy management system (BEMS) to control the power consumption in sensor-equipped buildings. In addition, the need of this type of solution is also highlighted by presenting the worldwide trends of thermal energy end use in buildings and peak power problems. Buildings are critical component of smart grid environments and bottom-up BEMS solutions are need of the hour to optimize the consumption and to provide consumption side flexibility. This system is able to aggregate the controls of the all-controllable resources in building to realize its flexible power capacity. This system provides a solution for consumer to aggregate the controls of ‘behind-the-meter’ small loads in short response and provide ‘deep’ demand-side flexibility. This system is capable of discovery, status check, control and management of networked loads. The main novelty of this solution is that it can handle the heterogeneity of the installed hardware system along with time bound changes in the load device network and its scalability; resulting in low maintenance requirements after deployment. The control execution latency (including data logging) of this BEMS system for an external control signal is less than one second per connected load. In addition, the system is capable of overriding the external control signal in order to maintain consumer coziness within the comfort temperature thresholds. This system provides a way forward in future for the estimation of the energy stored in the buildings in the form of heat/temperature and use buildings as temporary batteries when electricity supply is constrained or abundant.
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Spevak, L. F., and O. A. Nefedova. "Parallel technology for solving nonstationary heat conduction problems in axisymmetric domains." Diagnostics, Resource and Mechanics of materials and structures, no. 5 (October 2021): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17804/2410-9908.2021.6.60-71.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper develops a parallel algorithm and program for solving nonstationary heat conduction and diffusion problems in axisymmetric domains with axisymmetric boundary conditions. The numerical solution is based on the boundary element method. In order to optimize and enhance the effectiveness of the computer implementation of the algorithm, the computations are parallelized and the OpenMP application program interface is used. The program is tested by comparing the calculation results with the data of known exact solutions. The calculations confirm the correctness of the numerical solutions and the possibility of full scaling at different numbers of boundary elements according to the number of cores/processors available. The program is applicable to solving axisymmetric heat conduction and diffusion problems and, as a component of a software system, to solving nonlinear problems.
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Aguilar, Claudio, Carola Martinez, Karem Tello, Sergio Palma, Adeline Delonca, Francisca San Martín, and Ismeli Alfonso. "Thermodynamic Analysis of the Formation of FCC and BCC Solid Solutions of Ti-Based Ternary Alloys by Mechanical Alloying." Metals 10, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040510.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A thermodynamic analysis of the synthesis of face-centred cubic (fcc) and body-centred cubic (bcc) solid solutions of Ti-based alloys produced by mechanical alloying was performed. Four Ti-based alloys were analysed: (i) Ti-13Ta-3Sn (at.%), (ii) Ti-30Nb-13Ta (at.%), (iii) Ti-20Nb-30Ta (wt. %) and (iv) Ti-33Nb-4Mn (at.%). The milled powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, and the crystallite size and microstrain were determined using the Rietveld and Williamson–Hall methods. The Gibbs free energy of mixing for the formation of a solid solution of the three ternary systems (Ti-Ta-Sn, Ti-Nb-Ta and Ti-Nb-Mn) was calculated using an extended Miedema’s model, applying the Materials Analysis Applying Thermodynamics (MAAT) software. The values of the activity of each component were determined by MAAT. It was found that increasing the density of crystalline defects, such as dislocations and crystallite boundaries, changed the solubility limit in these ternary systems. Therefore, at longer milling times, the Gibbs free energy increases, so there is a driving force to form solid solutions from elemental powders. Finally, there is agreement between experimental and thermodynamic data confirming the formation of solid solutions.
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Alpert, S. I., M. I. Alpert, P. Yu Katin, and N. O. Litvinova. "Software and hardware infrastructure of a terrestrial autonomous platform with the elements of artificial intelligence." Mathematical machines and systems 1 (2021): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34121/1028-9763-2021-1-24-31.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to modern microcomputers and platforms based on microprocessors such as, for example, Raspberry Pi, Orange Pi, Nano Pi, Rock Pi, Banana Pi, Asus Tinker Board – the development of prototypes of em-bedded systems is possible in a «design» mode. The software part is implemented on the basis of operat-ing systems and standard technologies based on well-known programming languages such as C / C++, Python, C#, Java, etc. In such case the control channel for the embedded system can be either imple-mented via a web service separated by a communication channel or controlled independently. It is im-portant to understand that creating an embedded system on a standard platform is much more expensive than buying a ready-made mass-produced device with the same functionality. Therefore, it makes sense to use platforms like the Raspberry Pi mainly for individual artificial devices. If it is necessary to build a project of embedded systems and there is a problem with choosing a hardware platform for the client side, then currently there is a wide range of boards and solutions for building an efficient and inexpen-sive system using ready-made modules. The number of expansion cards and various sensors, video cam-eras, internet connection via Ethernet, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth provides a wide range of opportunities for building almost any solution based on this component base. The foundation can be made within a small budget, with minimal time spent, using large blocks and ready-made libraries for programming embed-ded systems. This article presents the results of research and development work on the creation of a software and hardware infrastructure of a terrestrial platform with the elements of artificial intelligence. Based on the actual results of the research, a deployment diagram and a component diagram of such an infrastructure have been constructed.
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Mlitwa, Nhlanhla Wilton B., and David Wafula Wanyonyi. "Towards interactive open source based m-Learning solution: the m-Chisimba framework." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 13, no. 3 (July 6, 2015): 463–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-08-2013-0059.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – This paper aims to present a research outcome to an investigation towards the innovative use of electronic-learning (e-Learning) software solutions to strengthen the interactive component of mobile learning (m-Learning) in university contexts. This work was motivated by observations of interactive limitations in existing m-Learning solutions in well-intentioned software development and e-Learning efforts. The aim of the project, thus, was to interrogate hindrances to the potency of m-Learning interventions. The idea was to strengthen the interactive component, to improve the compatibility of the desktop e-Learning process – with mobile appliances such as mobile phones and, finally, to explore cost minimizing avenues of downloading learning materials over mobile phones. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology of the project was twofold: that is, both literature-based and experimental. Literature background offered insight on existing efforts towards interactive m-Learning solutions. Against this background, the project was then designed to explore ways to provide presentations and interactive chats for effective m-Learning over mobile phones. The idea was to reduce the file size of presentations slides for effective display on mobile devices. Finally, the aim was also to minimize airtime costs when transmitting presentation slides and when conducting interactive chats on mobile phones. An experiment research method was, thus, used. In this method, a problem and question were articulated first. Then, a practical technological solution was conceptualized, developed, pre-tested, modified and re-tested until it complied with sought specifications, Finally, the solution was implemented, to confirm its viability and response to a research problem and, ultimately, was reported in the findings. Findings – Slides were developed with light colour resolutions to open effortlessly on tiny mobile screens. The best quality was between 128 and 201.188 (out of 255) pixels (more visible mobile phone screens), using Open Source Software. Clear slides also had a font greater than size 32. The average data per presentation were 9,872.66 bytes, and, when seven learners were chatting, it was 3,686.63 bytes (0.03 megabytes). For airtime costs, the Vodacom rate of R0.46 per megabyte was used. This translates to 0.8 × 0.46 = R0.0368 cost per slide. The m-Chisimba platform therefore, seems to be cost-effective, quality expedient and most appropriate for interactive m-Learning. Research limitations/implications – Existing m-Learning has been inadequate, failing to align adequately the desktop e-Learning solutions with mobile phone platforms. Desktop presentation slides, for example, have been incompatible with mobile phones’ operations and screen sizes. Mostly, content could consume a lot more airtime, owing to large sizes of desktop originated material that was incompatible with mobile platforms. A solution that emerged from original experiments, leading to the enhanced interactive m-Learning solution, the m-Chisimba platform, is, therefore, presented in this paper. The thinking is that mobile applications are convenient enablers which extend access to information. Nevertheless, mobile applications (including m-Learning solutions) cannot be seen as panaceas to solve all learning concerns as literacy and affordability remain challenges in many under-developed social environments. As a newly developed innovation, the m-Chisimba platform offers an improved m-Learning solution for learning activities over mobile gadgets such as mobile phones. Practical implications – The research work offers new innovative solutions in a number of practical ways. It improves the interactivity component of the m-Learning process, to empower educators and learners to effectively engage learning over m-Learning devices. Social implications – The innovation makes it easier to for learning to take place effortlessly, over mobile platforms. Implications are that more people will be able to access learning processes on the move, meaning that obstacles to access learning opportunities are minimised. Originality/value – Existing m-Learning has been inadequate, failing to align adequately the desktop e-Learning solutions with mobile phone platforms. Desktop presentation slides, for example, have been incompatible with mobile phones’ operations and screen sizes. Mostly, content could consume a lot more airtime, owing to large sizes of desktop-originated material that was incompatible with mobile-platforms. A solution that emerged from original experiments, leading to the enhanced interactive m-Learning solution, the m-Chisimba platform, is, therefore, presented in this paper. The thinking is that mobile applications are convenient enablers which extend access to information. Nevertheless, mobile applications (including m-Learning solutions) cannot be seen as panaceas to solve all learning concerns as literacy and affordability remain challenges in many under-developed social environments. As a newly developed innovation, the m-Chisimba platform offers an improved m-Learning solution for learning activities over mobile gadgets such as mobile phones.
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HERRALA, ESKO, and JUKKA OKKONEN. "IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH AND CAMERA SOLUTIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 10, no. 01 (February 1996): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001496000050.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An imaging spectrometer instrument based on a prism-grating-prism (PGP) element as the dispersive component and advanced camera solutions for on-line applications are presented. The PGP element uses a volume type holographic plane transmission grating made of dichromated gelatin (DCG). Currently, spectrographs have been realized for the 400–1050 nm region but applicable spectral region of the PGP is 380–1800 nm. Spectral resolution is typically between 1.5 and 5 nm. The on-axis optical configuration and simple rugged tubular optomechanical construction of the spectrograph provides a good image quality and resistance to harsh environmental conditions. Spectrograph optics are designed to be interfaced to any standard CCD camera. Special camera structures and operating modes can be used for applications requiring on-line data interpretation and process control.
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Lemm, Renato, Vinzenz Erni, and Oliver Thees. "Effiziente Kommunikation, Koordination und Kooperation im Netzwerk Holz dank IFIS – ein neues integriertes und webbasiertes Informationssystem | IFIS: a new integrated and web-based information system for efficient communication, co-ordination and co-operation in the wood network." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 157, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2006.0162.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The globalisation of wood markets is bringing substantial adjustments to the logistics of the forestry and wood sectors. Suitable, branch-specific data solutions to set up an efficient supply chain and for marketing purposes, which illustrate,as cheaply and as simply as possible, the network of all participants involved and support the co-ordination,communication and co-operation between them, as well as the internal functionality of the individual partners in the network, have been lacking until now. This is why, in close collaboration with the software company Ramco Systems Ltd. with its particularly future-oriented conceptual solutions,the Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) and practicing foresters are working on a component and web-based system «IFIS». The system is being conceived, developed and tested as an extremely flexible and cost-efficient system of information. One innovative aspect is that it offers a business model in the shape of an associative solution. The system will be on offer at the end of 2006.
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Wu, Zhiqiao, and Jiafu Tang. "Designing and Reporting on Computational Experiments of Multi-objective Component Selection Algorithm." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 14, no. 02 (March 2015): 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622015500066.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One important issue of component-based software development is the minimization of the development cost and the maximization of the system reliability while satisfying functional requirements. There are numerous publications on this issue based on metaheuristic techniques, but there are two deficiencies: too tough to evaluate the performance of algorithms and fix parameters in the real-world application. To address this problem, a three phased algorithm is proposed by the Wu et al. [International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making5 (2011) 811–841]. This paper describes computational experience in solving the problems using the metaheuristics and the proposed algorithm. The results indicate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms in terms of overall nondominated vector generation, well converged set of solutions, and diversity of solutions. Computational results and simulation analysis further assist a decision maker to fix optimal parameters of metaheuristics including the number of iteration, crossover rate, and mutation rate, and explore hints in using metaheuristics for the problem.
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Mariani, Patrizio. "Jellyfish Identification Software for Underwater Laser Cameras (JTRACK)." Research Ideas and Outcomes 4 (February 28, 2018): e24716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/rio.4.e24716.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Jellyfish can form erratic blooms in response to seasonal and irregular changes in environmental conditions with often large, transient effects on local ecosystem structure as well as effects on several sectors of the marine and maritime economy. Early warning systems able to detect conditions for jelly fish proliferation can enable management responses to mitigate such effects providing benefit to local ecosystems and economies. We propose here the creation of a research team in response to the EU call for proposal under the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund called “Blue Labs: innovative solutions for maritime challenges”. The project will establish a BLUELAB team with a strong cross-sectorial component that will benefit of the expertise of researchers in IT and Marine Biology, Computer Vision and embedded systems, which will work in collaboration with Industry and Policy maker to develop an early warning system using a new underwater imaging system based on Time of Flight Laser cameras. The camera will be combined to machine learning algorithm allowing autonomous early detection of jellyfish species (e.g. polyp, ephyra and planula stages). The team will develop the system and the companion software and will demonstrate its applications in real case conditions.
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Liao, Zitian, Shah Nazir, Habib Ullah Khan, and Muhammad Shafiq. "Assessing Security of Software Components for Internet of Things: A Systematic Review and Future Directions." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (February 15, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6677867.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Software component plays a significant role in the functionality of software systems. Component of software is the existing and reusable parts of a software system that is formerly debugged, confirmed, and practiced. The use of such components in a newly developed software system can save effort, time, and many resources. Due to the practice of using components for new developments, security is one of the major concerns for researchers to tackle. Security of software components can save the software from the harm of illegal access and damages of its contents. Several existing approaches are available to solve the issues of security of components from different perspectives in general while security evaluation is specific. A detailed report of the existing approaches and techniques used for security purposes is needed for the researchers to know about the approaches. In order to tackle this issue, the current research presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of the present approaches used for assessing the security of software components in the literature by practitioners to protect software systems for the Internet of Things (IoT). The study searches the literature in the popular and well-known libraries, filters the relevant literature, organizes the filter papers, and extracts derivations from the selected studies based on different perspectives. The proposed study will benefit practitioners and researchers in support of the report and devise novel algorithms, techniques, and solutions for effective evaluation of the security of software components.
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Ninković, Darko, and Dragan Olćan. "Genetic algorithm applied to discrete optimization of band-pass microwave filter." Telfor Journal 13, no. 1 (2021): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/telfor2101019n.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We propose a design approach for band-pass microwave filters based on optimization of discrete-valued parameters of filters using an implementation of (1 + (l, l)) genetic algorithm. If the filter is made of SMD components then only discrete values are allowed. The proposed design approach yields a solution with feasible components values in the end, without further need for tuning and adjustments of component values that is needed in the case when real numbers are used during optimization. The optimization setup is run for 20 times and obtained (suboptimal) solutions are presented. One of the best optimized solutions of a band-pass filter is chosen for further analysis. The found filter design is verified using a circuit solver including the yield analysis, 3D electromagnetic simulations and by measurements of the manufactured prototype. The presented results as well as the optimization run-time show that the proposed approach based on discrete optimization can be used to design microwave filters.
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Tsoeunyane, Lekhobola, Simon Winberg, and Michael Inggs. "Automatic Configurable Hardware Code Generation for Software-Defined Radios." Computers 7, no. 4 (October 19, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers7040053.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The development of software-defined radio (SDR) systems using field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) compels designers to reuse pre-existing Intellectual Property (IP) cores in order to meet time-to-market and design efficiency requirements. However, the low-level development difficulties associated with FPGAs hinder productivity, even when the designer is experienced with hardware design. These low-level difficulties include non-standard interfacing methods, component communication and synchronization challenges, complicated timing constraints and processing blocks that need to be customized through time-consuming design tweaks. In this paper, we present a methodology for automated and behavioral integration of dedicated IP cores for rapid prototyping of SDR applications. To maintain high performance of the SDR designs, our methodology integrates IP cores using characteristics of the dataflow model of computation (MoC), namely the static dataflow with access patterns (SDF-AP). We show how the dataflow is mapped onto the low-level model of hardware by efficiently applying low-level based optimizations and using a formal analysis technique that guarantees the correctness of the generated solutions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the capability of our automated hardware design approach by developing eight SDR applications in VHDL. The results show that well-optimized designs are generated and that this can improve productivity while also conserving the hardware resources used.
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Liu, Jiawei, Dongming Ma, and Hao Qian. "Research on children’s air purifier based on Emotional design." E3S Web of Conferences 179 (2020): 02051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017902051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this article is to explore new functions and experience methods for children’s air purifiers based on the theory of emotional design. The research method is, first, to collect perceptual vocabulary and typical samples, and use the semantic difference method to build a perceptual evaluation table. Secondly, the analysis data is imported into SPSS software for factor analysis and principal component analysis. Establish user demand models for children’s air purifiers through user interviews. Finally, using the hierarchical analysis method to get the three elements of design: shape, function, experience, and then use the three elements of design to guide practice. The significance of the research lies in the use of emotional design methods, which provide new solutions for communication between parents, children and purifiers.
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Demestichas, Konstantinos, and Emmanouil Daskalakis. "Information and Communication Technology Solutions for the Circular Economy." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 4, 2020): 7272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187272.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The concept of circular economy (CE) is becoming progressively popular with academia, industry, and policymakers, as a potential path towards a more sustainable economic system. Information and communication technology (ICT) systems have influenced every aspect of modern life and the CE is no exception. Cutting-edge technologies, such as big data, cloud computing, cyber-physical systems, internet of things, virtual and augmented reality, and blockchain, can play an integral role in the embracing of CE concepts and the rollout of CE programs by governments, organizations, and society as a whole. The current paper conducts an extensive academic literature review on prominent ICT solutions paving the way towards a CE. For the categorization of the solutions, a novel two-fold approach is introduced, focusing on both the technological aspect of the solutions (e.g., communications, computing, data analysis, etc.), and the main CE concept(s) employed (i.e., reduce, reuse, recycle and restore) that each solution is the most relevant to. The role of each solution in the transition to CE is highlighted. Results suggest that ICT solutions related to data collection and data analysis, and in particular to the internet of things, blockchain, digital platforms, artificial intelligence algorithms, and software tools, are amongst the most popular solutions proposed by academic researchers. Results also suggest that greater emphasis is placed on the “reduce” component of the CE, although ICT solutions for the other “R” components, as well as holistic ICT-based solutions, do exist as well. Specific important challenges impeding the adoption of ICT solutions for the CE are also identified and reviewed, with consumer and business attitude, economic costs, possible environmental impacts, lack of education around the CE, and lack of familiarization with modern technologies being found among the most prominent ones.
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Han, HeeJo, Dae-Hyun Jung, Hak-Jin Kim, Taek Sung Lee, Hyoung Seok Kim, Ho-Youn Kim, and Soo Hyun Park. "Application of a Spectroscopic Analysis-Based Portable Sensor for Phosphate Quantitation in Hydroponic Solutions." Journal of Sensors 2020 (June 24, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9251416.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hydroponic plant culturing requires the concentration of nutrients in the supplied solution to be maintained at a constant level. For example, phosphate ion concentration directly affects crop growth, which necessitates the development of convenient and rapid techniques for on-site phosphate quantitation. Herein, we developed a new low-cost colorimetric method of quick on-site phosphate quantitation based on a modification of the conventional molybdenum colorimetric method. Specifically, the nutrient solution treated with ascorbic acid and molybdate was analyzed by colorimetric method after 10 min incubation, and a phosphate quantitation protocol was proposed. To verify this protocol, 50 nutrient solution samples with concentrations of 0–200 ppm were used to develop a model and perform a validation experiment, and the PLSR (Partial Least Squares Regression) and PCR (Principal Component Regression) models were developed and validated using a crossvalidation method and sample transmission spectra. The PLSR model, employing smoothing preprocessing at a 5 nm wavelength spacing, exhibited the best prediction performance and showed an error of ~10% within the measurement range during verification. In addition, an artificial neural network-based model achieved R2=0.93 for the training set and R2=0.86 for the validation set. Finally, we developed convenient-to-use software for phosphate ion quantitation by the presented method and performed a demonstration test.
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Fortino, Giancarlo, Antonio Guerrieri, Pasquale Pace, Claudio Savaglio, and Giandomenico Spezzano. "IoT Platforms and Security: An Analysis of the Leading Industrial/Commercial Solutions." Sensors 22, no. 6 (March 11, 2022): 2196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062196.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For simplifying and speeding up the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, there has been a proliferation of IoT platforms, built up according to different design principles, computing paradigms, technologies, and targets. This paper proposes a review of main examples populating the wide landscape of IoT platforms and their comparison based on the IoT-A reference architecture. In such a way, heterogeneous IoT platforms (both current and future) can be analyzed regardless of their low-level specifications but exclusively through the lens of those key functionalities and architectural building blocks that enable the interplay among devices, data flow, software, and stakeholders within the IoT ecosystem. Among these, security by design (i.e., the inclusion of security design principles, technology, and governance at every level) must be integrated into every tier, component, and application to minimize the risk of cyber threats and preserve the integrity of the IoT platforms, not only within individual components but also for all the components working together as a whole.
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Grosu, Vicentiu, Chris Lindgren, Tamas Vejsz, Ya-Chi Chen, and Avijit Bhunia. "Thermal Management Solutions for Network File Server Used in Avionics Applications." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2014, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 000419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-wa24.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the modern era of commercial aviation there is an increasing need for establishing on-aircraft networks that interconnect legacy avionics systems for the purpose of data collection, health monitoring, and software management. At the heart of these networks are flightworthy file servers that perform similar functions to servers used in ground-based IT infrastructures. However, the size, weight, and power constraints for airborne servers are significantly more challenging than the constraints placed on groundbased equipment. As a result, the critical goals in the development of aircraft network systems are reducing the size and weight, maximizing the performance and reliability, and reducing cost. One of the main challenges includes dissipating high power in small packages within a confined space. This makes thermal management a critical component of the overall LRU (Line-Replaceable Unit) design. In addition, passive cooling systems are often required in place of internal fans in order to improve long-term reliability of the system. This presents another set of challenges, such as optimizing the airflow provided by the aircraft in the electronics compartment. This paper will present some of the critical elements of thermal management such as heat sinking, component placement, thermal interface materials, thermal vias, thermal links, heat spreader, packaging approaches and cooling strategies. The design and optimization of this system are based on analytical solutions, conjugated heat transfer and experimental results. Thermal management solutions must enable reliable operation under various environmental conditions: ground operation, flight operation, high operating temperature and loss of cooling air. Each environmental condition has different parameters for coolant airflow rate, effect of the surroundings, and ambient and coolant air temperature. Cooling airflow analyses were performed using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). We have identified multiple approaches to remove heat from the critical components through optimization of the components and subsystems. These same approaches also serve to increase the system's performance and reliability.
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Westerlund, Parvaneh, Ingemar Andersson, Tero Päivärinta, and Jörgen Nilsson. "Towards automated pre-ingest workflow for bridging information systems and digital preservation services." Records Management Journal 29, no. 3 (November 18, 2019): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-05-2018-0011.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose This paper aims to automate pre-ingest workflow for preserving digital content, such as records, through middleware that integrates potentially many information systems with potentially several alternative digital preservation services. Design/methodology/approach This design research approach resulted in a design for model- and component-based software for such workflow. A proof-of-concept prototype was implemented and demonstrated in context of a European research project, ForgetIT. Findings The study identifies design issues of automated pre-ingest for digital preservation while using middleware as a design choice for this purpose. The resulting model and solution suggest functionalities and interaction patterns based on open interface protocols between the source systems of digital content, middleware and digital preservation services. The resulting workflow automates the tasks of fetching digital objects from the source system with metadata extraction, preservation preparation and transfer to a selected preservation service. The proof-of-concept verified that the suggested model for pre-ingest workflow and the suggested component architecture was technologically implementable. Future research and development needs to include new solutions to support context-aware preservation management with increased support for configuring submission agreements as a basis for dynamic automation of pre-ingest and more automated error handling. Originality/value The paper addresses design issues for middleware as a design choice to support automated pre-ingest in digital preservation. The suggested middleware architecture supports many-to-many relationships between the source information systems and digital preservation services through open interface protocols, thus enabling dynamic digital preservation solutions for records management.
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DeSanto, John B., C. David Chadwell, and David T. Sandwell. "Kinematic Post-processing of Ship Navigation Data Using Precise Point Positioning." Journal of Navigation 72, no. 3 (November 6, 2018): 795–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463318000887.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Seafloor geodetic studies such as Global Positioning System (GPS)-Acoustic experiments often require the measurement platform on the sea surface to be positioned accurately to within a few centimetres. In this paper, we test the utility of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) for this application with two experiments. The first fixed platform experiment is a comparison between three independent processing software packages: Positioning and Navigation Data Analyst (PANDA), Global Navigation Satellite System-Inferred Positioning System and Orbit Analysis Simulation Software (GIPSY-OASIS), and the Canadian Spatial Reference System (CSRS)) and a more accurate solution based on conventional differential processing of a remote GPS station in the Aleutian Islands. The second moving platform experiment is a comparison among the three PPP software packages using 40 hours of ship navigation data collected during the Roger Revelle RR1605 cruise 170 nautical miles southwest of Palau in May 2016. We found the PPP solutions were repeatable to 5·49 cm in the horizontal components and 12·4 cm in the vertical component. This demonstrates not only that PPP is a useful tool for positioning marine platforms in remote locations, but also that modern ship navigation instruments such as the Kongsberg Seapath 330 + are suitable for seafloor geodetic application.
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STOVSKY, MICHAEL P., and BRUCE W. WEIDE. "ACCESS CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR COORDINATING TEAMS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 01, no. 01 (March 1991): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819409100007x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The difficult-to-achieve goal of a software project manager's access control policy is to help coordinate the work of the team members — to maximize cooperative access to project artifacts such as source code while preventing interfering and destructive forms of access. Solutions to two problems that arise from current approaches to access control are discussed: • How much information about the software being built is needed to develop and support effective access control strategies? • How can access control strategies be applied not just to the work of programmers and designers, but to all members of the software project team? A key element in answering these questions is a model of software in which each component has separate specification and implementation. This model further distinguishes structural from behavioral aspects of a specification. An access control framework which exploits these distinctions and relies on the structural (but not the behavioral) facet of specification is explored. The framework supports a number of different access control policies. The specific policy selected depends upon management's objectives in coordinating programmers and other members of the team such as technical writers. The combination of the software model, a developments environment that is based on it, and a flexible access control tool that supports many feasible policies can result in a greater degree of team members' concurrent access to components without the problems often associated with such access.
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Dhalla, A. K. "Creative Design-by-Analysis Solutions Applied to High-Temperature Components." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 115, no. 3 (August 1, 1993): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929520.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Elevated temperature design has evolved over the last two decades from design-by-formula philosophy of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Sections I and VIII (Division 1), to the design-by-analysis philosophy of Section III, Code Case N-47. The benefits of design-by-analysis procedures, which were developed under a US-DOE-sponsored high-temperature structural design (HTSD) program, are illustrated in the paper through five design examples taken from two U.S. liquid metal reactor (LMR) plants. Emphasis in the paper is placed upon the use of a detailed, nonlinear finite element analysis method to understand the structural response and to suggest design optimization so as to comply with Code Case N-47 criteria. A detailed analysis is cost-effective, if selectively used, to qualify an LMR component for service when long-lead-time structural forgings, procured based upon simplified preliminary analysis, do not meet the design criteria, or the operational loads are increased after the components have been fabricated. In the future, the overall costs of a detailed analysis will be reduced even further with the availability of finite element software used on workstations or PCs.
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Alidemaj, Avni, and Qendrim Nika. "Important Factors for Consideration during the Specification of SF6 Circuit Breakers for High Voltage Generators." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 3608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143608.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper describes and analyzes the phenomena that occur in the case of a current interruption due to faults in the high voltage circuit breaker. That happens during connection of a generator to the network without meeting the synchronization conditions. This paper also describes and analyzes the important factors that have to be considered during the specification of SF6 circuit breakers for high voltage generators. A high direct current component in the fault current poses a major problem during such interruptions. To investigate this problem and propose possible solutions, simulations were performed on a power network model completed with the network’s data, using software such as EMTP-ATP, PSS-E and MATLAB. Various modes of operation were simulated, which are important for analyzing the strain on circuit breakers near the generator. Based on the performed simulations, it can be concluded that circuit breakers with rapid reactions in interrupting the fault current in an energy system are not always a favorable solution due to the high value of the direct current component in the fault current, which prevents the current from passing through zero within a short time.
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Xing, Jian, Luo Jiang Qian, and Si Min Ren. "A Modeling Method of Multiphase Synchronous Generator for Shipboards Power System Based on PSCAD/EMTDC." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 1300–1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1300.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The synchronous generators of shipboards power system are generally multiphase (mostly twelve phases), it means necessary to building the model by code programming because there aren’t this ready-made component in EMTDC or other digital simulation software. In this paper, a programming method for numerical calculation of synchronous generator and interfacing program codes to PSCAD/EMTDC are described. According to generic rotate machine Park equation, trapezoid integral is adopted to make the math differential equations discrete to numerical difference expression. The paper emphatically deduces discrete algorithm for getting numerical transient solutions of synchronous generator model. For the sake of the verification for this modeling method, a three-phase synchronous generator model based on code program modeling is taken as test demonstration.
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Kusche, J. "Noise variance estimation and optimal weight determination for GOCE gravity recovery." Advances in Geosciences 1 (June 23, 2003): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-1-81-2003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. In the course of level 2 data processing for the GOCE (Gravity Field and Steady–State Ocean Circulation Explorer) satellite mission different streams of level 1b data will be merged in a single solution providing the Earth’s gravity field, but also state-vector parameters and other quantities. A proper weighting of orbit tracking data, gravity gradiometry data and certain a priori information, usually considered as ‘solution constraints’, can be expected as crucial for the solution quality. But the a priori stochastic models, based on pre–mission assessment of the expected instrument behaviour, may be over–optimistic or even too pessimistic since they refer to an unprecedented mission with scientific payload never tested in space. One way to derive an optimal weighting scheme on a statistically sound basis while simultaneously validating the stochastic noise levels of the data is by including variance component estimation as a part of the level 1b to level 2 data analysis process. The idea is that by applying Monte-Carlo techniques this method can be extended to a large-scale problem like GOCE data analysis, using software modules that already exist or are currently under development. The proposed method has been tested using simulated GOCE orbit trajectories as well as gravity gradiometry data corrupted by colored random noise.Key words. GOCE, gravity field modelling, combination solutions, weight estimation, variance component estimation
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Rojek, Izabela, Dariusz Mikołajewski, Ewa Dostatni, and Marek Macko. "AI-Optimized Technological Aspects of the Material Used in 3D Printing Processes for Selected Medical Applications." Materials 13, no. 23 (November 29, 2020): 5437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235437.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While the intensity, complexity, and specificity of robotic exercise may be supported by patient-tailored three-dimensional (3D)-printed solutions, their performance can still be compromised by non-optimal combinations of technological parameters and material features. The main focus of this paper was the computational optimization of the 3D-printing process in terms of features and material selection in order to achieve the maximum tensile force of a hand exoskeleton component, based on artificial neural network (ANN) optimization supported by genetic algorithms (GA). The creation and 3D-printing of the selected component was achieved using Cura 0.1.5 software and 3D-printed using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. To optimize the material and process parameters we compared ten selected parameters of the two distinct printing materials (polylactic acid (PLA), PLA+) using ANN supported by GA built and trained in the MATLAB environment. To determine the maximum tensile force of the exoskeleton, samples were tested using an INSTRON 5966 universal testing machine. While the balance between the technical requirements and user safety constraints requires further analysis, the PLA-based 3D-printing parameters have been optimized. Additive manufacturing may support the successful printing of usable/functional exoskeleton components. The network indicated which material should be selected: Namely PLA+. AI-based optimization may play a key role in increasing the performance and safety of the final product and supporting constraint satisfaction in patient-tailored solutions.
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Harp, Steven, Todd Carpenter, and John Hatcliff. "A Reference Architecture for Secure Medical Devices." Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 52, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2345/0899-8205-52.5.357.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We propose a reference architecture aimed at supporting the safety and security of medical devices. The ISOSCELES (Intrinsically Secure, Open, and Safe Cyber-Physically Enabled, Life-Critical Essential Services) architecture is justified by a collection of design principles that leverage recent advances in software component isolation based on hypervisor and other separation technologies. The instantiation of the architecture for particular medical devices is supported by a development process based on Architecture Analysis and Design Language. The architecture models support safety and security analysis as part of a broader risk management framework. The models also can be used to derive skeletons of the device software and to configure the platform's separation policies and an extensive set of services. We are developing prototypes of the architecture and example medical device instantiations on low-cost boards that can be used in product solutions. The prototype and supporting development and assurance artifacts are being released under an open-source license.
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Ettazi, Widad, Mahmoud Nassar, and Hatim Hafiddi. "CATS-CAE Reflective Middleware Framework for Adapting Context-Aware Transactional Services." International Journal of Web Services Research 17, no. 2 (April 2020): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwsr.2020040103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pervasive environments are characterized by limited computing resources and wireless connectivity. In parallel, current application domains have variable transactional requirements that do not fit the traditional ACID model. As a result, the pervasive environment characteristics are compelling and cannot be supported by conventional solutions that are typically dedicated to a specific application domain and support a limited set of context parameters. This article aims at providing a complete solution that addresses the challenges of the adaptability of context-aware transactional services “CATS” in pervasive environments. Thus, a new framework CATS-CAE was designed, which offers a comprehensive structure of multiple component chains. The adaptation strategy in CATS-CAE is based on a hybrid approach combining the use of adaptation policies, alternative strategy and behavioral adaptation of composite services through the “Profiled Task Class” concept. A probabilistic model is also presented to support the efficiency of the proposed approach.
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FELDKAMP, FRANK, MICHAEL HEINRICH, and KLAUS DIETER MEYER-GRAMANN. "SyDeR—System design for reusability." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 12, no. 4 (September 1998): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060498124095.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A fixed set of components with a fixed set of properties is often regarded as a defining characteristic of configuration design problems. In configuration design for larger and more complex systems (e.g., street cars), however, this often is not really true. The reason is that sometimes the component library offers no component that meets the actual requirements, so that a new component has to be added to the library. In general, configuration design for larger products must be interactive: interactive in the sense that the user controls the configuration process and in the sense that the phases of knowledge acquisition and configuration are partly mixed. This paper describes a method and a corresponding software tool (SyDeR, System Design for Reusability) that support the interactive configuration design of complex products, especially in the tendering phase. It combines three different technologies:[bull ] structural modeling of technical systems;[bull ] a library for technical solutions, which is based upon taxonomies and allows the reuse of the technical solutions;[bull ] constraint techniques to propagate design decisions and check designs for consistency to support interactive configuration design.This paper gives an overview of the functionality of the SyDeR tool and describes the main ideas behind the modeling language, which is especially oriented towards the requirements of system design problems. It also explains how we integrated structural modeling, taxonomies, and advanced constraint reasoning techniques into real-world applications.
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HONKELA, TIMO, AAPO HYVÄRINEN, and JAAKKO J. VÄYRYNEN. "WordICA—emergence of linguistic representations for words by independent component analysis." Natural Language Engineering 16, no. 3 (June 15, 2010): 277–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324910000057.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractWe explore the use of independent component analysis (ICA) for the automatic extraction of linguistic roles or features of words. The extraction is based on the unsupervised analysis of text corpora. We contrast ICA with singular value decomposition (SVD), widely used in statistical text analysis, in general, and specifically in latent semantic analysis (LSA). However, the representations found using the SVD analysis cannot easily be interpreted by humans. In contrast, ICA applied on word context data gives distinct features which reflect linguistic categories. In this paper, we provide justification for our approach called WordICA, present the WordICA method in detail, compare the obtained results with traditional linguistic categories and with the results achieved using an SVD-based method, and discuss the use of the method in practical natural language engineering solutions such as machine translation systems. As the WordICA method is based on unsupervised learning and thus provides a general means for efficient knowledge acquisition, we foresee that the approach has a clear potential for practical applications.
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Hofmann, Julian, and Holger Schüttrumpf. "Risk-Based and Hydrodynamic Pluvial Flood Forecasts in Real Time." Water 12, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 1895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071895.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effective forecast and warning of pluvial flooding in real time is one of the key elements and remaining challenges of an integrated urban flood risk management. This paper presents a new methodology for integrating risk-based solutions and 2D hydrodynamic models into the early warning process. Whereas existing hydrodynamic forecasting methods are based on rigid systems with extremely high computational demands, the proposed framework builds on a multi-model concept allowing the use of standard computer systems. As a key component, a pluvial flood alarm operator (PFA-Operator) is developed for selecting and controlling affected urban subcatchment models. By distributed computing of hydrologic independent models, the framework overcomes the issue of high computational times of hydrodynamic simulations. The PFA-Operator issues warnings and flood forecasts based on a two-step process: (1) impact-based rainfall thresholds for flood hotspots and (2) hydrodynamic real-time simulations of affected urban subcatchments models. Based on the open-source development software Qt, the system can be equipped with interchangeable modules and hydrodynamic software while building on the preliminary results of flood risk analysis. The framework was tested using a historic pluvial flood event in the city of Aachen, Germany. Results indicate the high efficiency and adaptability of the proposed system for operational warning systems in terms of both accuracy and computation time.
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Nonvignon, Toffa Zidane, Amar Bensaber Boucif, and Mesfioui Mhamed. "A Copula-Based Attack Prediction Model for Vehicle-to-Grid Networks." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 11, 2022): 3830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083830.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) networks are a part of the Smart Grid networks. Their primary goal is to recharge electric vehicles. These networks, as with any computer system, are facing cyber attacks. For example, during a charge or recharge process, V2G networks can be vulnerable to attacks such as Man-in-the-Middle (MitM), Denial of Service (DoS), identity theft, and rebound attacks. It is therefore up to us to offer innovative solutions in order to reduce threats as much as possible. In this paper, a model based on copulas to detect intrusion cases in V2G networks is proposed. To achieve this model, a database is generated first from three scenarios using tools including MiniV2G, Wireshark, and CICflowMeter. Then, significant variables are selected using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The classification algorithm is based on the notion of copulas constructed under the software R. From the obtained results, it emerges that the created model has a very high prediction rate of attacks in the aforementioned network.