Дисертації з теми "Complexes ADN-protéines"
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Landousy, Fabrice. "Développements méthodologiques pour la caractérisation des complexes ADN-protéines par AFM et étude des interactions ADN-KU." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077058.
Повний текст джерелаAtomic force microscopy (afm) opens new perspectives in the study of dna-protein interactions. My work consisted of developing new methodologies for controlling dna adsorption on surfaces and enabling the study of the dynamics of the complexes in liquid. We have characterized the interactions between dna and the mica surface. We propose a simple model to describe the electrostatic interactions in solution between dna and mica, considering the role of monovalent and divalent cations. The good correlation with experimental data allows validating referential adsorption conditions and a reversible adsorption method for dna on nickel-pretreated mica. In parallel we have developed a system of tethers to anchor dna by its extremities. The control of these methodologies allows characterizing accessibility in function of the adsorption states. We broach this issue by characterizing bleomycin activity on dna. This approach on a model system allows characterizing the surface influence in terms of accessibility and activity. The last part of this work considers the characterization of the interactions of the ku protein with dna, in the frame of the study of dna double-strand break repair. Our approach which combines the contributions of transmission electron microscopy and of afm shows a cooperative polymerization of ku along dna and a very different binding mode on single-stranded dna. This work shows the interest of molecular imaging for the characterization of target site research mechanisms by proteins
Quebre, Valentin. "Etude des complexes ADN-protéines impliqués dans la ségrégation de l'ADN bactérien." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU30072.
Повний текст джерелаBacterial chromosomes and low copy number plasmids segregation is based on an active positioning mechanism. It consists in the partition systems that ensures the proper intracellular positioning of replicons to be faithfully transmitted to the daughter cells. The partition systems involves three cis-encoded partners. A DNA binding protein (ParB), is assembled in partition complexes at centromeric sequences (parS). An NTPase, which interacts with the partition complex, drives the segregation process and allows the complexes, and thus the plasmids, to be properly positioned inside the cell. My Ph.D project focused first on the better understanding of the partition complex assembly of the widespread type I system of the F plasmid and pESBL. Then, to decipher the global mechanism of the partition process of the recently discovered atypical system on R388, which does not involve any plasmid encoded NTPase to ensure its intracellular positioning. Thus, my project is divided in three parts, aiming to (i) understand by an mutational approach, the initiation mechanism for the self-assembly of the majority of F plasmid ParB in a dynamic high molecular weight complex around parS, (ii) identify the pESBL partition system partners, in vitro characterize the ParB/parS interaction profile and in silico determine the group to which it belongs, (iii) identify the roles of the different domains of the R388 DNA binding protein StbA in its activities and characterize the StbA interaction modalities on its centromere by high throughput sequencing and biochemical approaches, to understand the partition complex architecture. This study allows us to improve our knowledge on the Type I partition system and to shed light on the DNA/protein interaction specificities of an atypical system, carried by broad-host-range plasmids, opening the way to a better understanding of DNA segregation mechanism
Bijeire, Laurent. "Photosensibilisation de cibles biologiques (ADN, protéines) par des complexes polypyridiques de ruthénium(II)." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30146.
Повний текст джерелаPolyazaaromatic ruthenium(II) complexes are photoreactive probes used in the area of DNA photosensitization. The work described here focus on the study of the reactivity of 3 complexes, Ru(bpz)32+, Ru(bipy)32+ and Ru(phen)32+ with DNA and a protein : Cu/Zn Superoxyde dismutase. Electron transfer processes and singlet oxygen production are 2 ways used by these complexes to induce DNA and protein oxidation. DNA plasmid cleavage, EPR, flash photolysis, UV and fluorescent spectroscopy were used to understand and establish the mechanisms involved in the reactions of ruthenium complexes in biological medium. Furthermore, the similitude between SOD and β-amyloid senile plaques allowed us to exhibit the interest of polyazaaromatic ruthenium complexes for the treatment and the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease
Gillard, Nathalie. "EFFETS DES RADIATIONS IONISANTES SUR DES COMPLEXES ADN-PROTÉINE." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011412.
Повний текст джерелаFix, Lydia. "Structural and thermodynamic investigations of membrane associated polypeptides and peptide/DNA transfection complexes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/FIX_Lydia_2006.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMembrane associated proteins and peptides constitute a privileged medical target. Some of them also present also an important potential in therapeutics. This work has permitted the investigation of two peptides, the synthetic peptide LAH4 and the diphtherias toxin T domain in interaction with other macromolecules. The LAH4 peptide designed and synthesized in our laboratory, presents all the general properties of amphipathic peptides and also binds strongly to the DNA allowing its transfer into the cells. In order to better understand the activity of the LAH4 peptide during transfection, I have examined its biophysical properties by ITC (Isothermal Titration Calorimetry), CD (Circular Dichroism) and solid-state NMR. The resultats show that the -helical structure of the peptide is maintained after DNA complexation. At neutral pH, the molecules are bound in an electrostatic non-specific manner and a high ratio of LAH4 is required for DNA saturation and condensation. At low pH electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic contributions stabilize the complex and the saturation ratio is reduced. The data lead to the elaboration of a model of action for the LAH4 peptide during the first steps of transfection. In parallel, we have developed a strategy of expression of the LAH4 peptide in E. Coli in order to uniformly label the peptide 13C for its study by NMR. Solid state NMR studies have been undertaken on the diphtheria toxin domain T in order to investigate its topology inside membrane vesicles. The samples of 15N uniformly labeled T domain were prepared in a simplified system mimicking endosomal conditions. The data show an important role of the pH and of the anionic lipid POPG in the peptides membrane insertion and interruption
Landousy, Fabrice. "DEVELOPPEMENTS METHODOLOGIQUES POUR LA CARACTERISATION DES COMPLEXES ADN-PROTEINES PAR AFM ET ETUDE DES INTERACTIONS ADN-KU." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129367.
Повний текст джерелаNous avons caractérisé les interactions entre l'ADN et la surface de mica. Nous proposons un modèle simple pour décrire les interactions électrostatiques en solution entre l'ADN et le mica, en considérant le rôle des cations monovalents et divalents. La bonne corrélation avec les données expérimentales permet de valider un référentiel de conditions et une méthode d'adsorption réversible de l'ADN sur mica prétraité nickel. Nous avons parallèlement développé un système de plots pour ancrer l'ADN par ses extrémités.
Le contrôle de ces méthodologies permet de caractériser l'accessibilité en fonction des états d'adsorption. Nous abordons cette problématique en caractérisant l'activité de la bléomycine sur l'ADN. Cette approche sur un système modèle permet de caractériser l'influence de la surface en termes d'accessibilité et d'activité.
La dernière partie de ce travail considère la caractérisation des interactions de la protéine Ku avec l'ADN dans le cadre de l'étude de la réparation des cassures double brin. Notre approche qui combine les apports de la microscopie électronique à transmission et de l'AFM met en évidence une polymérisation coopérative de Ku sur l'ADN double brin et un mode de fixation très différent sur l'ADN simple brin. Ce travail montre l'intérêt de l'imagerie moléculaire pour caractériser les mécanismes de recherche des sites cibles par les protéines.
Flatters, Delphine. "Etude de la structure et de la dynamique de l'ADN en fonction de sa séquence de bases par deux approches de modélisation moléculaire." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077055.
Повний текст джерелаGattuso, Hugo. "Photosensibilisation de l’ADN : modélisation des interactions entre la lumière et les systèmes moléculaires complexes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0101/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this manuscript is based on the use of molecular modeling, simulation and theoretical chemistry in order to study the photosensitization of DNA; i.e. the enhancement of the sensitivity of DNA to light through the action of a photosensitizing agent. A first aspect has been to study the photophysical and photochemical pathways of several known sensitizers such as nileblue, nilered, BMEMC or an endogenous modified nucleobase, Pyo, in order to understand their mechanisms of photosensitization. The related phenomena that have been observed are electron transfers, triplet-triplet energy transfers, production of solvated electrons and two-photons activations. Moreover, two tools have been developed to study the interaction between photosensitizing agents and DNA; i) a protocol able to provide the binding free energy of drugs in their interaction pockets; ii) a tool based on the semi-empirical Frenkel Hamiltonian to model the electronic circular dichroism of biomacromolecular systems in a straightforward way. Then the effects of photoinduced lesions on the DNA structure and flexibility have been investigated; i.e. cylcopyrimidine dimers (CPD), pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone (6-4PP) and cluster abasic sites. Finally the recognition of damaged DNA strands by repair enzymes is presented and the implication on enzymatic activities has been highlighted. The reader can refer to the first section of the manuscript for a popularized presentation of the project context
Arnould, Stéphanie. "Déterminants cellulaires de la sensibilité à l'oxaliplatine et étude des interactions entre l'irinotecan et l'oxyliplatine dans les tumeurs digestives." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30001.
Повний текст джерелаFortin, Israël. "Domaines protéiques du complexe histone acétyltransférase NuA4 impliqués dans la transcription et le maintien de l'intégrité du génome." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18238.
Повний текст джерелаLeturcq, Maïté. "Etude du rôle de la dynamique de O-GlcNAcylation sur les protéines du complexe Minichromosome Maintenance MCM2-7 dans les cellules somatiques humaines." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1S102/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe MCM2-7 complex is one of the major players for regulating the DNA replication. MCM2-7 contains six evolutionarily conserved subunits (MCM2 to MCM7) which bind together to form a hexameric complex. The MCM2-7 complex is progressively loaded onto chromatin to licence origins of replication during G1 phase, and forms the core of the replicative helicase necessary to fuel the unwinding of double-stranded DNA at the replication fork, allowing the loading of the DNA polymerases. The MCM2-7 helicase must be tightly regulated through interactions with specific protein partners and also by post-translational modifications (PTMs). In our team, O-GlcNAcylation has previously been identified as a new PTM of several MCM2-7 subunits. It is a dynamic and reversible glycosylation of nucleocytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins, and is governed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). The aim of my thesis was to decipher the role of O-GlcNAcylation on the MCM2-7 complex in human cells. I show that each MCM subunit is O-GlcNAcylated mainly in the chromatin-bound protein fraction of cells. Moreover, my results show that OGT stably interacts with several MCM proteins and OGT down-regulation induces a decrease in the chromatin loading of MCM2, 6 and 7. Finally, I show that perturbation of O-GlcNAc cycling destabilizes interactions between MCM2/6, MCM4/7 and MCM4/6 subunits. To conclude, my results show that OGT is a new partner of the MCM2-7 replicative helicase complex in human cells, and suggest that O-GlcNAc homeostasis might be essential to ensure the maintenance of the MCM2-7 complex onto chromatin during DNA replication
Camuzeaux, Barbara. "Les protéines ERG, membres de la famille ETS : étude de la coopération fonctionnelle avec le complexe AP1 et recherche de gènes cibles." Lille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL2S011.
Повний текст джерелаThe Ets proteins belong to a large family of transcription factors, which to date includes more than thirty members involved in many physiological processes, such as differentiation, cellular proliferation, and cancerisation mechanisms. Within this family, we have a particular interest in the functional specificities of the Erg (Ets Related Gene) proteins. We know that these weak transcriptional activators are able to establish a functional cooperation with the Jun/Fos heterodimer and that this synergy requires the formation of an Erg/Jun/Fos/DNA quaternary complex, therefore implying a physical interaction between the DNA binding domain of the Erg proteins and the basic domain of Jun. In this context, we used pbFRET (photobleaching Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) and FLIM (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy) analyses, and we were able to visualize the physical interaction between Erg and Jun in living cells and to confirm the essential role of tyrosine 371 of the Erg protein in this interaction. This study also allowed us to observe the strict nuclear localisation of the Erg proteins and to show that their co expression with the Jun proteins does not involve delocalisation of one or the other of these transcriptional factors. In the second part of our work, we extended our study to the EWS-Erg fusion protein involved in Ewing's sarcomas. This oncogenic protein results of the fusion of the N-terminal part of the EWS protein with the C-terminal part of the Erg protein further to the t(21; 22) chromosomal translocation. We showed that this protein is able to transactivate and to function in synergy with the Jun/Fos dimer on the Polyomavirus enhancer but it seems to have a repressive activity on the collagenase1 promoter. Thus, the EWS-Erg protein might differently control the target genes of Erg, which could partly explain its oncogenic properties. These results led us to seek, by a differential method, the target genes of the Erg proteins and in particular, to discriminate those controlled or not in synergy with the AP1 complex. A putative target gene, the fibronectin1 gene coding a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, proved to be activated by the Erg protein. The whole of this work enabled to better understand the molecular mechanisms with which the Erg proteins exert their physiological functions. Although the latter are not precisely known at the present time, the research of the Erg target genes will certainly allow deepening them in the near future
Rahal, Gaspar Virginie. "Étude de la réactivité photochimique de photosensibilisateurs avec les acides aminés et les protéines en vue d'applications pour la thérapie photodynamique anticancéreuse." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2431/.
Повний текст джерелаFirst pterins, endogenous UVA -photosensitizers, are heterocyclic organic compounds. They are mainly enzymatic cofactor and are involved in key biological responses such as melanin biosynthesis. They are found at abnormally high levels in certain diseases such as vitiligo. The role of pterins in this disease remains to be determined. In this context, we studied the photosensitisation of the tryptophan (Trp) by pterin under UV-A irradiation. The results obtained by UV-Visible spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) revealed that trp may be oxidized via two different pathways i) photo-induced electron transfer leading to the formation of a radical cation tryptophan and the radical anion pterin ii) the production of singlet oxygen. This reactivity of pterins with amino acids may contribute to skin depigmentation process in vitiligo. In a second part, we have studied amino acids photosensitisation by ruthenium (II). Due to their versatile photoredox properties, these compounds can react with biological targets by different photochemical mechanisms. In our work we have demonstrated by flash photolysis and EPR Investigations, the involvement of an electron transfer between the ruthenium complex trisbipyrazine ([Ru(Bpz)3]2+) in the excited state and trp leading to the formation of the mono reduced complex and radical cation trp. Mass spectrometry analysis of this reaction revealed the formation of photo-adducts between [Ru(Bpz)3]2+ and Trp free or in the tripeptide Gly-Trp-Glu and allow us to propose some structures. All of these results led us to focus our research into the synthesis of new ruthenium complexes able to selectively inhibit DNA polymerases via a photo-induced electron transfer. In cells, these enzymes play a key role in cell proliferation. The development of such photo-activable inhibitors would be an asset for the photodynamic therapy. For this purpose we have decided to conjugate a high photo-ozidizing ruthenium complex with oligonucleotides selectively recognized DNA polymerase. The synthesis of such complex is still under development
Bailly, Rémy. "Application de la dynamique moléculaire à plusieurs échelles au complexe hélicase : pontine/reptine." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0415/document.
Повний текст джерелаPontin/Reptin complexes offer new therapeutic opportunities despite the fact they are still notwell known. In addition to their ATPase activity, multimeric complexes of Pontin/Reptin were reported as hélicases able to unwind nucleic acids. Molecular modeling techniques are a powerful tool to study proteins, both a docking and molecular dynamics were applied.Considering the size of a twelve sub-units complex, simulations taking into account all atoms were too expensive in terms of computational costs. A mesoscopic approach, called coarse grain,was used to reduce the number of particles. The calculation time saved with this model allowed the study of Pontin/Reptin complexes in the presence of diverse partners like small ligands (ATP or ADP) and/or nucleic acids. Reverse transformation from coarse-grain to the atomic level led to a DNA double helix opening along to the single strands rearrangement.Several mechanistic hypotheses for the complex helicase activity were formulated from these results
Sadji-Ouatas, Zahia. "Mécanismes de signalisation de l'analogue de la somatostatine, octréotide : rôle dans la régulation de l'activité du complexe Ku86/DNA-PKcs, de la prolifération cellulaire et des modifications post-traductionnelles de la protéine p53." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077243.
Повний текст джерелаTyteca, Sandrine. "Rôle de l'histone acétyltransférase Tip60 dans la réponse aux dommages à l'ADN." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/276/.
Повний текст джерелаTip60 is a histone acetyltransferase acting as as a multimolecular complex in the cell : the so-called Tip60 complex. It is involved in several cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis and DNA damage response. As far as the latter aspect is concerned, we showed that Tip60 is involved in the p53 tumour suppressor pathway in response to DNA damage. Then we showed that Tip60 is required for apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in response to UV irradiation, and revealed a functional antagonism between Tip60 and p400, another subunit of the Tip60 complex. We also recently discovered that Tip60 is involved in homology-driven double-strand break repair. We showed an interaction between Tip60 and the MRN complex which allows the recognition of double-strand breaks in DNA. Our results suggest that the Tip60/MRN complex could be the one responsible for the ATM kinase activation in response to double-strand breaks. Altogether, our results contributed to show the crucial role of Tip60 at multiple levels of the DNA damage response : damage signaling, DNA repair, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
Foos, Nicolas. "Etudes structurales d'un complexe HOX-PBC de drosophile. : Un exemple de régulateur transcriptionnel." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4075.
Повний текст джерелаHox proteins are homeodomain proteins belonging to the Transcription Factors superfamilly. These proteins are necessary for the determination of the cellular identity along the anteroposterior, dorsoventral and proximodistal axes. It's essential to recognize DNA targets with high specificity. One possible mechanism to acquire specificity implies the cooperativity between Hox and their PBC partners. Ubx (Hox) and Exd (PBC) proteins from D. melanogaster are the object of this work. One mechanisme of coopertivity involves the “hexapeptide” motif in Ubx and another one that involves its UbdA motif. The UbdA motif is located C-terminal to the recognition helix. We have solved seven different structures of Ubx-Exd-DNA complexes. Thanks to these structures, we show that UbdA can have a multipurpose role : it can provide an interaction surface to contact Exd and it can also act like a hinge between the C-terminal regions of Ubx and its homeodomain. UbdA and HX motifs from Ubx are not the only regions involved in the control of these proteins functions. Ubx and Exd also contain intrinsically disordered regions which are the linker region and the homeodomain N-terminal arm, for Ubx and Exd respectively. They interact with the DNA in the minor groove and can explore the space around. We studied the Exd 's C-terminal motif and determined that it has a flexible, helical fold. The folding of this fourth helix could modify the contacts established with Ubx and with the DNA. All these observations allow us to add supplementary information for the understanding of functional specificity and provide new arguments for the monkey-bar and for the « gliding interface » DNA- scanning models
Sergeeva, Yulia. "Complexes ADN/polycation en solution et aux interfaces en tant que vecteurs de transfection non viraux de pointe." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064224.
Повний текст джерелаFrouin, Isabelle. "Analyse fonctionnelle des protéines de la réplication de l'ADN et de leur association dynamique avec les complexes Cdk / cycline au cours du cycle cellulaire des cellules humaines : modulation de la réponse apoptotique aux anti-folates dans des cellules humaines, déficientes dans la réparation des mésappariements de nucléotides ("DNA mismatch repair")." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077195.
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