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Книги з теми "Complex and disordered medium"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 вересня 2024

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1

Coffey, William T., and Yuri P. Kalmykov, eds. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471790265.

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2

Coffey, William T., and Yuri P. Kalmykov, eds. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470037148.

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3

1948-, Coffey William, and Kalmykov Yu P, eds. Fractals, diffusion and relaxation in disordered complex systems. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2006.

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4

Corrections Facilities Siting Authority (Or.), ed. Milliron Road, Stimpson Gulch: Sites selected by the Siting Authority for men's medium security prison complex. Salem, OR: Corrections Facilities Siting Authority, 1997.

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5

Morozko, Natalya, and Valyentina Didyenko. Financial relations small business energy complex. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21561.

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The paper deals with the peculiarities of small organizations in the energy sector, taking into account the principles of effective financial cooperation of small businesses with a variety of large and medium-sized structures. We studied the experience of the financial relations of countries with developed economies on a set of market tools and in business management in the energy sector. The analysis of the financial condition of small organizations and energy sector. Defined financial planning tools of organizations that allow to carry out the relationship of financial planning practices with the main objectives of a small organization. Reasoned application of the tax policy in the system of financial relations for small and large businesses and energy complex. The conditions for the use of alternative financial services market lending small business operations using efficient technologies.

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6

Baryshev, Ruslan. Proactive library in the information and educational environment of the University. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1123649.

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In the monograph, the University library is presented as a complex system that includes elements of various properties and varying complexity. As in any system, structural change inevitably affects the performance of all its components. In this regard, the library is an element of the information and educational environment of the University, which is designed to support and improve the effectiveness of educational and scientific activities. The article reveals the concept of active University library" as a system for providing information services to the reader in any form and on any medium based on classical and network forms of service based on query advance services. The article analyzes the opportunities provided by the active University library for its users. The mechanism of activation of an electronic library through selective provision of information is considered, and the principle of the influence of an active electronic library on its proactivity is approved. For all those interested in librarianship and Informatization of education."

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7

Murphy, Jill, and Laura Rascaroli, eds. Theorizing Film Through Contemporary Art. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462989467.

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As the cinematic experience becomes subsumed into today's ubiquitous technologies of seeing, contemporary artworks lift the cinematic out of the immateriality of the film screen and separate it into its physical components within the gallery space. How to read these reformulations of the cinematic medium - and their critique of what it is and has been? In Theorizing Cinema Through Contemporary Art: Expanding Cinema, leading film theorists consider artworks that incorporate, restage, and re-present cinema's configuration of the key categories of space, experience, presence/absence, production and consumption, technology, myth, perception, event, and temporality, so interrogating the creation, appraisal, and evolution of film theory as channeled through contemporary art. This book takes film theory as a blueprint for the moving image, and juxtaposes it with artworks that render cinema as a material object. In the process, it unfolds a complex relationship between a theory and a practice that have commonly been seen as virtually incompatible, renewing our understanding of each and, more to the point, their interactions.

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8

Coffey, William T., Yuri P. Kalmykov, and Stuart A. Rice. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, Part A. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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9

Advances in Chemical Physics, Fractals, Diffusion and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems. Wiley & Sons Canada, Limited, John, 2006.

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10

Coffey, William T., Yuri P. Kalmykov, and Stuart A. Rice. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, Part B Part A. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2006.

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11

Coffey, William T., Yuri P. Kalmykov, and Stuart A. Rice. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, Part B Part B. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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12

Coffey, William T., Yuri P. Kalmykov, and Stuart A. Rice. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, Volume 133, Part A. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2005.

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13

Coffey, William T., Yuri P. Kalmykov, and Stuart A. Rice. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, Part A Part A. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2006.

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14

Advances in Chemical Physics, Fractals, Diffusion and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems. Wiley & Sons Canada, Limited, John, 2006.

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15

Stanworth, Simon, and Stuart McKechnie. Pathophysiology of disordered coagulation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0269.

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Imbalances in the regulation of haemostasis may manifest as bleeding (depletion of pro-coagulant factors) or thrombosis (deficiency of anti-coagulants). Disordered haemostasis is common in critically-ill patients and may result from infection, trauma, haemorrhage, inflammation, organ dysfunction (notably renal and liver dysfunction), or drug therapy. Complex patterns of coagulopathy where both bleeding and prothrombotic tendencies co-exist are well recognized in critical illness. The limitations of standard laboratory coagulation tests to predict bleeding risk, including activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time, are well recognized. These assays were developed for diagnosis of inherited bleeding disorders or for monitoring of anticoagulant therapy. This has led to increased interest in global haemostatic tests, such as viscoelastic and thrombin generation tests. Thromboembolism is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in critically-ill patients. While inherited causes of bleeding appear to be often related to single gene abnormalities, thrombotic tendencies appear to reflect more complex interactions between inherited and acquired factors. Many interactions exist between coagulation pathways and inflammation. Systemic inflammation triggers widespread activation of coagulation, with pro-inflammatory cytokines activating pro-coagulant pathways and downregulating anticoagulant pathways. A net result of this interaction between inflammatory and coagulation pathways in sepsis is thrombin generation, intravascular fibrin deposition and a consumptive coagulopathy.

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16

Coffey, William T., Yuri P. Kalmykov, and Stuart A. Rice. Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, Volume 133, Part B Vol. 133. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2006.

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17

(Editor), Peter Sollich, A.C.C. Coolen (Editor), L. P. Hughston (Editor), and R. F. Streater (Editor), eds. Disordered and Complex Systems: London, United Kingdom, 10-14 July 2000 (AIP Conference Proceedings). American Institute of Physics, 2001.

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18

Kalluri, Dikshitulu K. Electromagnetics of Complex Media Frequency Shifting by a Transient Magnetoplasma Medium. CRC, 1998.

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19

Electromagnetics of complex media: Frequency shifting by a transient magnetoplasma medium. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999.

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20

Rice, Stuart A. Advances in Chemical Physics, Fractals, Diffusion and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems (Advances in Chemical Physics). Wiley-Interscience, 2006.

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21

Big Book of Mazes: Simple, Medium and Complex All in One Book. Independently Published, 2021.

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22

Mandal, Swapna, and Joerg Steier. Sleep-disordered breathing in the obese. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0018.

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Sleep-disordered breathing in the obese is not a small problem. Obesity-related sleep-disordered breathing is common and may include sleep apnoea or obesity hypoventilation syndrome. Patients present with symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness, breathlessness, and, in severe cases, hypercapnic respiratory failure. In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased exponentially. Although not exclusively responsible, obesity is directly linked to the development of sleep-disordered breathing due to high resistance in the upper airway, increased work of breathing, and high neural respiratory drive. Obese patients with sleep disorders are complicated with multiple metabolic, cardiovascular, and orthopaedic co-morbidities, frequently presenting at an advanced stage. This chapter reviews a common clinical presentation of an obese patient with a respiratory condition and the difficulties in their management. The chapter explains the complex underlying pathophysiology and the long-term management of these patients, and shows how sleep-disordered breathing may develop as a consequence of obesity.

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23

Zapperi, Stefano. Crackling Noise. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856951.001.0001.

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Abstract Crackling noise refers to an intermittent series of pulses of broadly distributed amplitude and duration that is observed in different contexts from the crumpling of a sheet of paper to the flow of fluids in porous media. Studying crackling noise is interesting because it reflects key microscopic processes inside the material, with each crackle in the noise corresponding to an internal avalanche event. A distinct statistical feature of crackling noise is the presence of power law distributed noise pulses and long-range correlations which are the hallmarks of critical phenomena. Hence, the physics of complex non-equilibrium disordered systems provides the natural theoretical framework to tackle crackling noise. The present book reviews the statistical properties of crackling noise, providing an introduction to the main theoretical concepts needed to interpret them. The book also contains a detailed discussion of several examples of crackling noise in materials, including fracture, plasticity, ferromagnetism, superconductivity, granular flow and fluid flow in porous media. A final chapter discusses the relevance of avalanche behavior for biological systems.

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24

Reel, Justine J., ed. Eating Disorders. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400643330.

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A timely, relevant work, this encyclopedia provides a comprehensive examination of a full range of topics related to eating disorders and body image. The mortality rate associated with eating disorders is higher than that of any other psychiatric illness. What are the factors that influence abnormal perceptions of body image and trigger the deadly behaviors of food deprivation or uncontrollable gluttony? This indispensable resource thoroughly examines the complex subject of eating disorders, particularly the sociocultural, psychological, and nutritional aspects of eating disorders and body image. Eating Disorders: An Encyclopedia of Causes, Treatment, and Prevention explores the definitions, risk factors, symptoms, and health consequences of such illnesses as anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating. The author discusses the assessment and treatment of these conditions, and imparts health education strategies related to the "Dos and Don'ts" of awareness and prevention efforts. Additionally, she shares tips for recognizing symptoms and discusses where to seek help if a friend or family member is affected. Topics include flight attendants and body weight requirements, the impact of Virtual Reality, and media and sociocultural influences.

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25

Rice, Stuart A. Advances in Chemical Physics, Fractals, Diffusion and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, 2 Volume Set (Advances in Chemical Physics). Wiley-Interscience, 2006.

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26

Rice, Stuart A. Advances in Chemical Physics, Fractals, Diffusion and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems, 2 Volume Set (Advances in Chemical Physics). Wiley-Interscience, 2006.

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27

Vernizzi, Graziano, and Henri Orland. Complex networks. Edited by Gernot Akemann, Jinho Baik, and Philippe Di Francesco. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198744191.013.43.

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This article deals with complex networks, and in particular small world and scale free networks. Various networks exhibit the small world phenomenon, including social networks and gene expression networks. The local ordering property of small world networks is typically associated with regular networks such as a 2D square lattice. The small world phenomenon can be observed in most scale free networks, but few small world networks are scale free. The article first provides a brief background on small world networks and two models of scale free graphs before describing the replica method and how it can be applied to calculate the spectral densities of the adjacency matrix and Laplacian matrix of a scale free network. It then shows how the effective medium approximation can be used to treat networks with finite mean degree and concludes with a discussion of the local properties of random matrices associated with complex networks.

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28

Rice, Stuart A. Advances in Chemical Physics, Fractals, Diffusion and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems (Advances in Chemical Physics Volume 133 Part A). Wiley-Interscience, 2006.

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29

Turbulence And Coherent Structures in Fluids, Plasmas And Nonlinear Medium (World Scientific Lecture Notes in Complex Systems) (World Scientific Lecture Notes in Complex Systems). World Scientific Publishing Company, 2007.

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30

Senior, Jane, Adrian Hayes, and Jenny Shaw. UK health policy in relation to mentally disordered offenders in the community. Edited by Alec Buchanan and Lisa Wootton. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738664.003.0002.

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The majority of mentally disordered offenders are never treated within forensic mental health services. Instead, they remain within the criminal justice system, where care and treatment for complex and co-morbid mental health, substance-misuse, and personality disorder issues remain secondary to justice and punishment. In this chapter, we explore the policy, practice, and legislative drivers influencing healthcare delivery throughout the criminal justice pathway. Firstly, we consider the current liaison and diversion programme in England, which aims to identify people with mental health issues at the point of entry into the criminal justice system. Secondly, we review the state of mental healthcare in prisons, a quarter of a century after the clinical improvement partnership between the National Health Service and HM Prison Service. Thirdly, we discuss issues around court mandated mental health treatment in the community. Finally, we consider initiatives designed to meet the discrete needs of offenders with personality disorders.

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31

Publishing, Doja. Pumpkin Carving Stencils : 65+ Funny and Scary Designs for Making Halloween Decorations Outdoor: Easy, Medium and Complex Wide Variety of Halloween. Independently Published, 2022.

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32

Keefe, Richard S. E., Avi (Abraham) Reichenberg, and Jeffrey Cummings, eds. Cognitive Enhancement in CNS Disorders and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190214401.001.0001.

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This book compiles a series of educational and thought-provoking chapters from the world's leading cognitive and clinical scientists to describe the latest research on cognitive impairments in a host of pathological conditions that affect CNS functioning, the available treatments for these impairments, and how new treatments are being tested. This volume advances the field toward the availability of cognitive enhancing drugs and devices that will benefit those who need them most and others who may believe that these techniques can help them to thrive. Psychological science and cognitive neuroscience have become the most popular endeavor of students worldwide, are the focus of attention of our greatest scientific accomplishments, and are the emphasis of many publications in the mainstream media. Because humans depend on cognitive abilities for survival, quality of life, and productivity, improving them has never been more important. Those with impairments in key aspects of cognition suffer dearly because they are unable to obtain and retain information, unable to make sound decisions based on the information at hand, and unable to plan future activities. The availability of pharmacological and behavioral interventions that can improve cognitive abilities and provide impaired individuals with the social, occupational, and functional quality of life that the rest of us enjoy has potential far-reaching implications. Such interventions can also benefit those who want to boost current cognitive abilities to higher levels, perhaps as a means to hone skills in providing products for others or to gain an edge on competition.

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33

Chernykh, O. N., and V. D. Naumov. Ensuring the safety of hydraulic structures of a meliorative hydroelectric complex with an earth dam. Publishing house of the Russian state agrarian University UN-TA im. K. A. Timiryazeva, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1936-9-2022-172.

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The training manual contains information on ensuring safety and improving the reliability of the operation of the main structures of the reclamation hydroelectric complex with an earth dam and an open coastal spillway. It contains methodological bases for assessing the safety of low-pressure and medium-pressure waterworks according to diagnostic indicators. Given the monitoring information, recommendations are given for their calculations, design of additional emergency spillways, operation and reconstruction. The textbook is intended for the development of theoretical material and the implementation of term papers, settlement-graphic and final works by bachelors in the direction of 20.03.02 Environmental management and water use focus Water resources management and environmental hydraulic structures of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education, recommended by the Scientific and Methodological Council for Environmental Management and Water Use for use in the educational process.

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34

Wootton, Lisa, Tom Fahy, and Simon Wilson. The interface of general psychiatric and forensic psychiatric services. Edited by Alec Buchanan and Lisa Wootton. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738664.003.0017.

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This chapter examines community psychiatric service provision for mentally disordered offenders, focussing on the United Kingdom and United States. In doing so, it acknowledges that mentally disordered offenders are at risk of rejection and of falling between services. They are doubly stigmatized by having a mental illness and being offenders. It explores the context, commissioning, components of a service, and models of care (including the evidence base for them). Also considered are the pros and cons of specialist services, as well as how they might differentiate their task from that of the CMHT. The chapter concludes by considering how services can work together to meet the needs of this complex and challenging group of patients.

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35

Michael, Hailey. Colouring Book for Kids: 110 Easy Medium Complex Colouring Pages from Animals People and Plants Tools and Machineries Food and Places Natural Landscape and More Things for a to Z for Boys and Girls Little Preschool Kindergarten Kids. Independently Published, 2021.

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36

Reckson, Lindsay V. Realist Ecstasy. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479803323.001.0001.

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Realist Ecstasy: Religion, Race, and Performance in American Literature recovers a series of ecstatic performances in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American realism. From camp meetings to Native American ghost dances to storefront church revivals, Realist Ecstasy explores how realism represents ecstatic bodies as objects of fascination, transforming spiritual experience into the very material of realist description. In an era of “separate but equal” religious pluralism and systematic racial terror, realism mobilized the gestural and performative idioms of religious ecstasy to confront ongoing histories of violence and imagine new modes of social affiliation. Realist Ecstasy demonstrates how the realist imagining of possessed bodies helped produce and naturalize racial difference, while excavating the complex, shifting, and dynamic possibilities embedded in ecstatic performance. Approaching realism as both an unruly archive of performance and a wide-ranging repertoire of media practices, Realist Ecstasy argues that the real was repetitively enacted and reenacted through bodily practice, at a moment when the body’s capacity to reliably signify was everywhere at stake. Interrogating realist practices that worked to order, disorder, and reify racial and religious difference under Jim Crow, Realist Ecstasy challenges and transforms conventional understandings of realism’s relationship to histories of secularization, while reframing secularism itself as a densely heterogeneous set of performances and representations.

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37

Muche, Marion, and Seema Baid-Agrawal. Hepatitis B. Edited by Vivekanand Jha. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0185_update_001.

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been causally linked to a variety of renal diseases, the most common being glomerular diseases and systemic autoimmune disease. Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the commonest HBV-associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN), followed by membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, immunoglobulin (Ig)-A nephropathy, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Polyarteritis nodosa is a rare manifestation. The incidence of HBV-associated renal diseases seems to be decreasing with the introduction of vaccination programmes.HBV-MN is the most frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in children in countries with high endemicity of HBV infection. The clinical course is usually benign in children with high rates of spontaneous remission rates and low risk of progression to renal failure. The prognosis is worse in adults. Of the systemic autoimmune disorders associated with HBV infection that involve the kidneys, the strongest link has been found with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), a lesion that causes arteritis of medium-sized renal vessels. HBV-associated PAN (HBV-PAN) usually manifests in the first year after infection, and is clinically indistinguishable from classic PAN.Diagnosis of HBV-GN or -PAN is based on the clinical picture, histological findings, evidence of viral replication in serum and/or liver and detection of HBV antigens or DNA in the tissue. Besides deposition of immune complexes, other mechanisms such as virus-induced cytopathic damage have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis.HBV-GN and HBV-PAN appear to respond to antiviral treatment. Both show remission after HBeAg seroconversion. The available studies predominantly employed first-generation agents like interferon alpha and lamivudine, which showed suppression of viral replication and clinical remission of HBV-associated renal disease. Immunosuppressive therapy appears to be inevitable for the control of severe HBV-PAN and could be helpful in addition to antiviral treatment for cases of HBV-GN not responding clinically to antiviral treatment.

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38

Campbell, Colin, and Jackie Craissati. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198791874.003.0001.

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The UK government’s Offender Personality Disorder (OPD) strategy has provided a unique opportunity to revise the way in which health and criminal justice agencies collaborate in order to develop creative psychologically informed approaches to managing a complex group of individuals. This introduction to ‘Managing Personality Disordered Offenders: A Pathways Approach’ outlines the development and implementation of the strategy from the perspective of a consortium of mental health trusts—the London Pathways Partnership (LPP). It outlines the commissioning constraints in this particular geographical setting and details both the theoretical underpinnings and operational models used to implement the OPD pathway in community and secure settings. The chapter concludes with a review of the first four years of these services and a reappraisal of the strategic model.

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39

Zirnbauer, Martin R. Symmetry classes. Edited by Gernot Akemann, Jinho Baik, and Philippe Di Francesco. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198744191.013.3.

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This article examines the notion of ‘symmetry class’, which expresses the relevance of symmetries as an organizational principle. In his 1962 paper The threefold way: algebraic structure of symmetry groups and ensembles in quantum mechanics, Dyson introduced the prime classification of random matrix ensembles based on a quantum mechanical setting with symmetries. He described three types of independent irreducible ensembles: complex Hermitian, real symmetric, and quaternion self-dual. This article first reviews Dyson’s threefold way from a modern perspective before considering a minimal extension of his setting to incorporate the physics of chiral Dirac fermions and disordered superconductors. In this minimally extended setting, Hilbert space is replaced by Fock space equipped with the anti-unitary operation of particle-hole conjugation, and symmetry classes are in one-to-one correspondence with the large families of Riemannian symmetric spaces.

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40

Booth, Douglas. Surfing. Edited by Robert Edelman and Wayne Wilson. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199858910.013.21.

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In the grand narrative of surfing, the pastime diffused from Hawai’i in the early twentieth century and fifty years later from Australia and California; by the end of the century surfing had been codified into a sport and homongenized as a global culture. This chapter questions the grand narrative of surfing and raises historiographical questions about evidence, context, and social memory. It presents alternative evidence and interpretations and exposes a more complex, disordered, and chaotic surfing past. The chapter proceeds from the assumptions that narratives are not definitive reconstructions but representations and processes of mediation and that historians are authors who, in addition to choosing their evidence, choose the tools of their mediations such as contexts and concepts. In these senses, historical narratives of sport, including surfing, should be understood as residing in social contexts that determine their cultural resonance and social memory.

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41

Sokolov, Elisaveta, and K. Ray Chaudhuri. An overview of sleep dysfunction in Parkinson disease. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0025.

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Disturbances in nocturnal sleep and their consequences during waking in Parkinson disease (PD) were recognized in 1817 by James Parkinson, who described sleep problems in his case series as follows: “His attendants observed, that of late the trembling would sometimes begin in his sleep, and increase until it awakened him: when he always was in a state of agitation and alarm.” Sleep disturbance in PD is complex, with a prevalence of up to 98%, and has been shown to be a key determinant of quality of life. Sleep disturbances in PD are heterogeneous, ranging from insomnia to drug-induced sleep disorders, and now can be assessed by simple validated bedside tools such as the Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS). Also, sleep, contrary to previous perceptions, can be disordered not just in advanced PD, but also in the pre-motor as well as the untreated states.

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42

Beenakker, Carlo W. J. Classical and quantum optics. Edited by Gernot Akemann, Jinho Baik, and Philippe Di Francesco. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198744191.013.36.

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This article focuses on applications of random matrix theory (RMT) to both classical optics and quantum optics, with emphasis on optical systems such as disordered wave guides and chaotic resonators. The discussion centres on topics that do not have an immediate analogue in electronics, either because they cannot readily be measured in the solid state or because they involve aspects (such as absorption, amplification, or bosonic statistics) that do not apply to electrons. The article first considers applications of RMT to classical optics, including optical speckle and coherent backscattering, reflection from an absorbing random medium, long-range wave function correlations in an open resonator, and direct detection of open transmission channels. It then discusses applications to quantum optics, namely: the statistics of grey-body radiation, lasing in a chaotic cavity, and the effect of absorption on the reflection eigenvalue statistics in a multimode wave guide.

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43

Mills, Gary H. Pulmonary disease and anaesthesia. Edited by Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0082.

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Respiratory adverse events are the commonest complications after anaesthesia and have profound implications for the recovery of the patient and their subsequent health. Outcome prediction related to respiratory disease and complications is vital when determining the risk:benefit balance of surgery and providing informed consent. Surgery produces an inflammatory response and pain, which affects the respiratory system. Anaesthesia produces atelectasis, decreases the drive to breathe, and causes muscle weakness. As the respiratory system ages, closing capacity increases and airway closure becomes an increasing issue, resulting in atelectasis. Increasing comorbidity and polypharmacy reduces the patient’s ability to eliminate drugs. The proportion of major operations on older frailer patients is rising and postoperative recovery becomes more complicated and the demand for critical care rises. At the same time, the population is becoming more obese, producing rapid decreases in end-expiratory lung volume on induction, together with a high incidence of sleep-disordered breathing. Despite this, many high-risk patients are not accurately identified preoperatively, and of those that are admitted to critical care, some are discharged and then readmitted to the intensive care unit with complications. Respiratory diseases may lead to increases in pulmonary vascular resistance and increased load on the right heart. Some lung diseases are primarily fibrotic or obstructive. Some are inflammatory, autoimmune, or vasculitic. Other diseases relate to the drive to breathe, the nerve supply to, or the respiratory muscles themselves. The range of types of respiratory disease is wide and the physiological consequences of respiratory support are complex. Research continues into the best modes of respiratory support in theatre and in the postoperative period and how best to protect the normal lung. It is therefore essential to understand the effects of surgery and anaesthesia and how this impacts existing respiratory disease, and the way this affects the balance between load on the respiratory system and its capacity to cope.

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44

Sime, Stuart. 28. Fast Track. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198823100.003.3280.

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The fast track provides a ‘no-frills’ procedure for medium-sized cases that do not justify the detailed and meticulous preparation appropriate for complex and important cases. Instead, cases allocated to this track will be progressed to trial within a short timescale after the filing of a defence. The fast track covers the majority of defended claims within the £10,000 to £25,000 monetary band. It also deals with non-monetary claims such as injunctions, declarations, and claims for specific performance which are unsuitable for the small claims track and do not require the more complex treatment of the multi-track. This chapter covers directions for cases allocated to the fast track; standard fast track timetable; agreed directions; varying the directions timetable; listing for trial; fast track trial; and costs in fast track cases.

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45

Sime, Stuart. 28. Fast track. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198787570.003.3280.

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The fast track provides a ‘no-frills’ procedure for medium-sized cases that do not justify the detailed and meticulous preparation appropriate for complex and important cases. Instead, cases allocated to this track will be progressed to trial within a short timescale after the filing of a defence. The fast track covers the majority of defended claims within the £10,000 to £25,000 monetary band. It also deals with non-monetary claims such as injunctions, declarations, and claims for specific performance which are unsuitable for the small claims track and do not require the more complex treatment of the multi-track. This chapter provides directions for cases allocated to the fast track; standard fast track timetable; agreed directions; varying the directions timetable; listing for trial; fast track trial; and costs in fast track cases.

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46

Sime, Stuart. 28. Fast track. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198747673.003.3280.

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The fast track provides a ‘no-frills’ procedure for medium-sized cases that do not justify the detailed and meticulous preparation appropriate for complex and important cases. Instead, cases allocated to this track will be progressed to trial within a short timescale after the filing of a defence. The fast track covers the majority of defended claims within the £10,000 to £25,000 monetary band. It also deals with non-monetary claims such as injunctions, declarations, and claims for specific performance which are unsuitable for the small claims track and do not require the more complex treatment of the multi-track. This chapter provides directions for cases allocated to the fast track; standard fast track timetable; agreed directions; varying the directions timetable; listing for trial; fast track trial; and costs in fast track cases.

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47

Schneider, Christian W., and Michael Pleyer. Cognitive Linguistics and Multimodal Poetics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190457747.003.0012.

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This chapter applies theoretical constructs from cognitive linguistics to multimodal visual texts, such as comics. In particular, it discusses the concept of cognitive modes of scanning found in Langacker’s cognitive grammar. Mental scanning relates to the way we build conceptual representations of complex scenes and events. These can be apprehended either holistically (summary scanning) or successively (sequential scanning). A distinctly multimodal medium, comics feature the sequential ordering of images as well as their holistic configuration on the comics page. Thus they involve both summary and sequential scanning processes. The chapter uses the example of Alan Moore’s and Dave Gibbons’ graphic novel Watchmen to show how the conceptual distinction between summary and sequential scanning may provide new impulses for the analysis of graphic literature. A highly intricate text, Watchmen uses the tension of different modes of scanning to construct complex temporal configurations.

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48

LoBrutto, Vincent. Becoming Film Literate. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400617201.

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Though movies have remained our foremost cultural pastime for over 100 years, many of us still know very little about the tools used to create them. In this groundbreaking new book, Vincent LoBrutto provides an enjoyable and accessible education in the art of cinema: using 50 landmark films spanning the history of the medium, LoBrutto illustrates such important concepts as editing, production design, cinematography, sound, screen acting, narrative structure, and various genres, nationalities, and film eras. Each concept is illustrated by the selection of a film that epitomizes its use, so that readers will learn about film authorship in Citizen Kane, multiplot narrative in Nashville, widescreen filmmaking in Rebel without a Cause, and screen violence in The Wild Bunch. Explaining the various tricks of the moviemaking trade, Becoming Film Literate offers a crash course in cinema, one designed to give even the novice reader a solid introduction to this complex and multifaceted medium. Though movies have remained our foremost cultural pastime for over 100 years, many of us still know very little about the tools used to create them. In this groundbreaking new book, Vincent LoBrutto provides an enjoyable and accessible education in the art of cinema: using 50 landmark films spanning the history of the medium, LoBrutto illustrates such important concepts as editing, production design, cinematography, sound, screen acting, narrative structure, and various genres, nationalities, and film eras. Each concept is illustrated by the selection of a film that epitomizes its use, so that readers will learn about film authorship in Citizen Kane, multiplot narrative in Nashville, widescreen filmmaking in Rebel without a Cause, and screen violence in The Wild Bunch. Providing a unique opportunity to become acquainted with important movies and the elements of their greatness, Becoming Film Literate offers a crash course in cinema, one designed to give even the novice reader a solid introduction to this complex and multifaceted medium.

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49

Beninger, Richard J. Neuroanatomy and dopamine systems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824091.003.0011.

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Neuroanatomy and dopamine systems explains how sensory signals ascend the central nervous system via a series of nuclei; axons detecting specific elements converge onto higher-order neurons that respond to particular stimulus features. Assemblies of feature-detection cells in the cerebral cortex detect complex stimuli such as faces. These cell assemblies project to motor nuclei of the dorsal and ventral striatum where they terminate on dendritic spines of efferent medium spiny neurons. Dopaminergic projections from ventral mesencephalic nuclei terminate on the same spines. Individual corticostriatal afferents contact relatively few medium spiny neurons and individual dopaminergic neurons contact a far larger number. Stimuli activate specific subsets of corticostriatal synapses. Synaptic activity that is closely followed by a rewarding stimulus, that produces a burst of action potentials in dopaminergic neurons, is modified so that those specific corticostriatal synapses acquire an increased ability to elicit approach and other responses in the future, i.e., incentive learning.

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50

Williams, Tami. Popular Front Activism and Vichy. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038471.003.0006.

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This chapter details the evolution of Dulac's socialist humanist politics under the Popular Front, from her activism and syndicalism or labor union work within the context of the vast cultural movement of Mai '36, to a rather controversial shift that led to her complex political position under the Vichy regime. During this era, from 1936 to 1938, Dulac's activism for the cinema and by way of the cinema blossomed. She undertook several Socialist film projects, and played a major role in restructuring the French film industry and in cultivating a propitious environment for the future of the medium. Her role was central on several fronts, from the nationalization of the industry to the creation of a French cinematheque and a film directors' union.

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